Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 9: Polynomial Equations Week 8 Learning Code-M10AL-Ii-1
Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 9: Polynomial Equations Week 8 Learning Code-M10AL-Ii-1
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
Polynomial Equations
Week 8
Learning Code–M10AL-Ii-1
0
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 9 – Polynomial Equations
First Edition 2020
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1
10
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
Polynomial Equations
2
GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
MODULE
9 POLYNOMIAL EQUATIONS
#
As you go through this module you are expected to define and
illustrate polynomial equations. You will start in identifying the type of
polynomial according to degree, how to write its standard form and solve
and evaluate different polynomial equations
WHAT I KNOW
PPREPREVIER
Let’s see how much knowledge about the lesson you already have. Answer or
solve all items below. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer:
1. What should be the value of n so that 𝑥 𝑛 = 0 defines a polynomial
equation?
A. An integer C. Any number
B. A non-negative integer D. Any number except zero
2. Which illustrate a polynomial equation?
A. 5𝑥 5 + 2𝑥 4 = 0 C. 3𝑥 −2 + 5 = 0
4
B. √6𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 D. 𝑥3 = 0
3. Which of the following is NOT an example of polynomial equation?
A. 𝑥 −3 + 2𝑥 + 4 = 0 C. 2𝑥 + 11 = 0
B. 3𝑥 − 7 = 0
5
D. 6𝑥 + 5𝑥 2 − 4 = 2
4. What is the leading coefficient of the polynomial equation 2𝑥 + 𝑥 3 + 4 =
0?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
5. Given the same equation in number 4, what is its constant term?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
6. What type of equation is given in number 4?
A. Linear C. Quadratic
B. Cubic D. 𝑛𝑡ℎ degree polynomial
7. Which of the following illustrates a QUARTIC equation?
A. 𝑥 − 7 = 0 C. 𝑥 14 − 3𝑥 7 + 4𝑥 + 18 = 0
B. 3𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 + 1 = 0 D. 𝑥 3 − 125 = 0
8. What is the standard form of the equation 9 − 8𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 4 = 0?
A. 9 − 8𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 4 = 0 C. −8𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 4 + 9 = 0
B. 2𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 2 + 9 = 0 D. 2𝑥 4 + 9 − 8𝑥 2 = 0
9. How should be the polynomial equation 2𝑥 + 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 5 + 4 = 0 be
written in standard form?
A. 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 5 + 4 = 0 C. 4 + 2𝑥 + 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 5 = 0
B. 4 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0
5 3
D. 3𝑥 5 + 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 + 4 = 0
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GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
10. Which of the following is the solution of the polynomial equation
𝑥 − 7 = 0?
A. 7 B. -7 C. 14 D. 0
11. Which solutions of 𝑥 (𝑥 − 6) = 0 will make the equation true?
A. 𝑥 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −6 C. 𝑥 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −6
B. 𝑥 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 6 D. 𝑥 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 1
12. What must be the value of x i the equation 6𝑥 2 − 150 = 0
A. 𝑥 = 6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 150 C. 𝑥 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −5
B. 𝑥 = 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −25 D. 𝑥 = 25 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = −6
For numbers 13 – 15 use the values below to evaluate 𝟑𝒂𝟐 𝒃 − 𝒃 + 𝟏
13. 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 0 𝑏 = 0
A. 0 B. 1 C. 3 D. 7
14. 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 0 𝑏 = 1
A. 0 B. 1 C. 3 D. 7
15. 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 1 𝑏 = 1
B. 0 B. 1 C. 3 D. 7
***If you got an honest 15 points (perfect score), you may skip this
module. Otherwise, please proceed to the next section.
WHAT’S IN
PPREPREV
To understand polynomial equations, we need to review the lesson on
polynomial expressions. If you remember, a polynomial expression is any
expression of the form: 𝑎𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛 −1 𝑥 𝑛−1 + ...+ 𝑎1 𝑥 1 + 𝑎0
where, n is nonnegative integer coefficients and a0, a1, …, an are real
numbers.
Can you tell whether the following expressions are polynomials or not?
1. 4x2 + 6x -5 6. √8x4 + 3x2 – x + 9
6
2. √5𝑥 + 1 7. 𝑥
𝑥2
3. x - 3 8. 3 𝑥 + 5
4. 4x3 + x2 + 9x + 18 9. -6x2 – 5x – 1
2
5. 9x-5- 2x 10. 𝑥+7
WHAT’S NEW
RELIEF DISTRIBUTION
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
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GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
In this relief assistance, several LGUs like the Manila City
government are using boxes instead of plastic bags to distribute the
goods. This is one good precautionary measure as studies have revealed
that the virus can live for three to seven days in nonporous materials like
glass, plastics or steels; while it can live in cardboard surfaces for up to
24 hours only.
Now suppose the boxes given by Manila Barangay Officials can
hold up to 200 cm3 volume of goods, what could be the dimensions of the
box if the length is twice its width and the height is 1cm shorter than its
width?
WHAT IS IT (Communication)
Let us analyze what you have read.
1. What is the selection all about?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. How does the government help the people during the pandemic?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Why is it safer to use boxes than plastic bags in relief distribution?
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Can you answer the question posted on the last part of the selection?
If yes, what is your answer?
_____________________________________________________________________
5
GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
A polynomial equation is when a polynomial expression P(x) is set to
zero, i.e., P(x) = 0. When the terms are arranged from the highest exponent
to the lowest exponent, the polynomial equation is in standard form.
The leading term of a polynomial equation is the term with the
highest exponent. The leading coefficient is the numerical coefficient of
the leading term while the degree of a polynomial equation is the highest
exponent in the expression. In the polynomial equation x3 – x2 – 100 = 0, the
leading term is x3, the leading coefficient is 1 and the degree is 3.
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GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
4 Quartic
5 Quintic
n>5 n degree polynomial equation
th
Going back to the earlier examples, let us try to categorize the given
polynomial equations according to their types.
Leading Leading
Polynomial Equation Degree Type
Term Coefficient
1. 3x2 + 5x + 19= 0 3x2 3 2 Quadratic
2. 5x + 6= 0 5x 5 1 Linear
3. 2x2 + x4 + 10 = 0 x4 1 4 Quartic
4. (x + 3)(2x – 1)(x +1) = 0 x3 1 3 Cubic
5. 10x5 + 3x4 – 6x2 + x + 9 = 0 10x5 10 5 Quintic
7th degree
6. 8 + 2x + 4x2 + x5 + 3x7 = 0 3x7 3 7 polynomial
equation
WHAT’S MORE
Activity 1: Write the given polynomial equations in standard form.
1. −3𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 + 6 + 7𝑥 4 = 0 6. 6 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 = 0
2. 𝑥 2 + 24 − 11𝑥 = 0 7. (3𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 1) = 0
1 4
3. 8 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 2𝑥 = 0
2 5 3
8. 2𝑥(𝑥 + 8) = 0
4. 9𝑥 − 2𝑥 3 + 1 = 0 9. 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 6 + 𝑥 5 + 10 = 0
5. (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 1) = 0
2
10. 14𝑥 + 6 + 4𝑥 2 = 0
Now that you know how to identify the polynomials equations to its
types, degree, and leading coefficient similarly, these polynomial equations
7
GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
can also be solved. In the next part we will be solving basic polynomial
equations.
Examples:
Solve the following equations:
1. x − 4 = 6 This is linear equation, so the process is just by the
use of the properties of equality
𝑥−4+4=6+4 (by Addition Property of Equality)
𝑥 = 10
2. (5𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 + 5) = 0
5𝑥 − 1 = 0 (2𝑥 + 5) = 0 (by zero product rule)
1 5
𝑥= 𝑥=−
5 2
3. 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8 = 0 (by factoring quadratic trinomial)
(𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥+4= 0 (𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 = −4 𝑥 = −2
4. (x -4)(x+1)(x-7) = 0
2 Factor the quadratic factor x2 - 4
(x-2)(x+2)(x+1)(x-7) = 0
x-2=0; x+2=0; x+1=0; x-7=0 (by zero product rule)
x=2; x=-2; x=-1; x=7
5. 𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 3 + 17𝑥 2 − 17𝑥 + 6 = 0
Step 1: The equation is already in general form.
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GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Step 2: It has 4 roots because the degree is 4.
Step 3: Use the integral/rational roots theorem to determine all
possible integral/rational roots as 1, 2, 3, and 6.
Step 4: Use synthetic division to determine the roots:
Try using 1 as a root, that is:
-
1 1 -7 17 6
17
1 -6 11 -6
Since the last entry
1 -6 11 -6 0 (remainder) is zero, 1 is a
root.
Continue the process with the quotient 𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 + 11𝑥 − 6, this time, use 2:
2 1 -6 11 -6
2 -8 0
Since the last entry
1 -4 3 0 (remainder) is zero, 2 is also
a root.
Finally, the roots of the quotient 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 can be solved by factoring
as:
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 𝑥−3=0 𝑥−1= 0
(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0 𝑥=3 𝑥=1
6. 𝑥 5 (𝑥 − 3)2 (𝑥 + 1)3 = 0
Notice that the polynomial equation is already in factored form.
Thus, by zero product rule, the roots are:
from x5 : 0 of multiplicity 5
(x – 3) :
2 3 of multiplicity 2
(x + 1)3 : -1 of multiplicity 3
Roots: 0 of multiplicity 5, 3 of multiplicity 2, and -1 of multiplicity 3
Activity 3:
Solve the following equations:
1. 𝑎 + 4 = 1 6. 7𝑛2 − 28𝑛 = 0
2. 3a − 2 = 7 7. 𝑣 2 − 9𝑣 + 14 = 0
3. (𝑥 )(𝑥 − 3) = 0 8. 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 25 = 0
4. 𝑏(𝑏 + 5) = 0 9. (𝑥 − 3)3 (𝑥 − 1)(3𝑥 + 4)2 = 0
5. 14𝑥 2 = 35𝑥 = 0 10. 2𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 − 19𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 9 = 0
9
GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
WHAT I CAN DO
10
GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
ASSESSMENT
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GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
For numbers 13 – 15 use the equation below to evaluate 𝟐𝒂𝟐 𝒃 − 𝟑𝒃 + 𝟏
13. 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 0 𝑏 = 0
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. -3
14. 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 0 𝑏 = 1
A. 0 B. 1 C. -2 D. 3
15. 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 1 𝑏 = 1
A. 0 B. 1 C. 3 D. 4
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
12
GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
E-Search
➢ https://sccollege.edu/Faculty/epham/Documents/IntroAlgManuscrip
t/Chapter%209%20-
%20Factoring%20Expressions%20and%20Solving%20By%20Factorin
g.pdf
➢ http://www.mathcentre.ac.uk/resources/uploaded/mc-ty-
polynomial-2009-1.pdf
➢ https://www.rcboe.org/cms/lib/GA01903614/Centricity/Domain/43
81/Factoring%20Worksheet%20-%20HW%204-27.pdf
➢ https://cdn.effortlessmath.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/09/Writing-Polynomials-in-Standard-
Form.pdf
REFERENCES
Callanta, M.M., Canonigo, A.M., Chua, A. I., Cruz, J.D., Esparrago, M.S.,
Garcia, E.S., Magnaye, A.N., Orines, F.B., Perez, R.S., Ternida, C.S.
(2015). Mathematics – Grade 10 Learner’s Module First Edition. Rex
Bookstore, Pasig City, Philippines
Question About Covid-19 You May Not Have Considered Yet. (2020).
Retrieved May 30, 2020 from
https://www.roswellpark.org/cancertalk/202004/ questions- about-
covid-19-you-may-not-have-considered-yet
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