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Machine Design Bolt Design

This document summarizes the design of bolts to connect a bed rail. Four bolts made of steel with a diameter of 0.3125 inches were designed to withstand a load of 1962N acting on the rail. Calculations were shown for shear, bearing, tension, and stiffness. It was determined that a 5/16 inch x 3.5 inch Grade 1 bolt made of steel would meet the design requirements with a factor of safety of at least 5 against joint separation and 13 against overloading.

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KASHIF KHAN
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80 views

Machine Design Bolt Design

This document summarizes the design of bolts to connect a bed rail. Four bolts made of steel with a diameter of 0.3125 inches were designed to withstand a load of 1962N acting on the rail. Calculations were shown for shear, bearing, tension, and stiffness. It was determined that a 5/16 inch x 3.5 inch Grade 1 bolt made of steel would meet the design requirements with a factor of safety of at least 5 against joint separation and 13 against overloading.

Uploaded by

KASHIF KHAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MACHINE DESIGN-1

Assignment 1 – Bolt Design


NAME:
Muhammad Kashif Khan

Regn no:
280809

Department:
DE-40-ME-A

SUBMITTED TO:
Dr Sajid Ullah Butt

Problem:
Design bolt for Bed rail.
Bolt has to be design which will hold bed rail and parts in contact when external load is
being applied. For clear view Picture has been attached.

Assumptions:
 As bed is single so to consider worst case scenario, we assume that person with
weight
 440.925 lbf (200kg) = 1962N would use it.
 Factor of safety = 2
 Load is concentrated at centroid of bolted Connection:
 Each Bolt Resist Equal Amount of Load
 Each Bolt is of the same diameter.
 Hexagonal Head Bolt.
Material:
 Required Bolt material is steel
 Member 1 = Iron
 Member 2 = Iron
 Thickness of Member 2 = 2.9inch = Assume it to be filled not hollow
 Thickness of Member 1 = 0.1

SHEAR LOADING:
Shear load is resisted by four bolts.
Member 1 is Considered because its thickness is small.
Dimensions and Terms:
 Diameter = d =0.3125inch
 Total bolt that resists shear load = 4
 Load on each bolt = F =110.23lbf
 Factor of safety = n =2
 Member 1 thickness = t1 = 0.1inch
 Member 2 thickness = t2 = 2.9inch
 Length from Bolt hole to Edge = a = 0.7inch
 Width of member 1 = w = 1.23 inch
 Width of member 2 = w = 3 inch

Shear of Bolt:
F∗n
Sp=
0.577∗π 2
∗d ∗1000
4
Sp=5 kpsi
Edge shearing of member 1 :
F∗n
Sy=
2∗a∗t 1∗0.577
Sy=2.8 kpsi
Which is less than SSy (23kpsi) of Iron so member will not fail due to edge shear.

Bearing of bolt :
F∗n
Sp=
t∗d
Sp=7.34 kpsi
Bearing of member 1 :
F∗n
Sy=
t∗d
Sy=7.34 kpsi
Which is less than Sy (40kpsi) of Iron so member will not fail due to bearing.

Tensile Yielding of Member 1 across Bolt hole :


F∗n
Sy=
(w−d )∗t
( Sy)member =2 kips
Tear of Plate :
n∗F
Sy=
w∗t
( Sy)member =1.8 kpsi
Which is less than Sy (40kpsi) of Iron so member will not fail due to tear of plate.

Length of Bolt:
 Diameter = 0.3125
 From table A-32: Height of washer = H= 0.083inch
 Thickness t1 = 0.1inch, t2 = 2.9inch
 Grip length = l = 0.1 + 2.9 + 0.083 = 3.083in
 Height of Nut from Table A -31- Regular Hexagonal Nut = H = 0.265625in
 UNF series as these thread series is Preferable for our joint and lead would be less.
 For ideal Bolt 2 threads outside:
Table 8-2: UNF Series = Pitch = 1/24 inch
 TABLE A-17:
L > l + H = L>3.083 + 0.265625 + 2 *1/24
 L > 3.43195inch
FROM TABLE A-17:
L = 3.5 inch
To check bolt thread, Extend into Shear Plane:
LT = 2d + ¼ L<6in
LT = 0.875
Unthreaded Length = ld = L - LT = 3.5 – 0.875 = 2.625
Which is less than 2.9 inch member thickness therefore bolt thread extends into shear
plane. Using Ar = 0.0524 in2 From Table 8-2
F∗n
Sp=
0.577∗Ar∗1000
Sp=7.3 kpsi

Tensile Loading:
Load on each side of rail is 220.5lb it will act as beam with two moment reactions on each
side. We simplify our Problem.
M = PL/8 = 2067.18lb
2067.18 = P (d) distance between bolts d = 4inch
P = 517lb

Stiffness of Bolt:
ld = 2.625
lt = l-lt = 3.083 – 2.62 = 0.463
Ad = 0.07669in2 At = 0.0580in2 FromTable 8-7:
Using stiffness equation 8-17:
lbf
K b=0.7134 M
¿
Stiffness of Member:
Three Frustum are formed:
First Frustum:
t = 1.5415in D= dw = 1.5 * d = 0.46875inch d = 0.3125inch E = 24Mpsi
Putting in Equation 8 -20:
lbf
K 1=10.65(10 6)
¿
Second Frustum:
t = 1.3585in D=0.46875+ 2*0.1*tan (30) = 0.58422in E = 24Mpsi d = 0.3125in
Putting in Equation 8 -20:
lbf
K 2=15.088(10 6)
¿
Third Frustum:
t = 0.1n D= 1.5 * d = 0.46875inch d = 0.3125inch E = 24Mpsi
Putting in Equation 8 -20:
lbf
K 3=32.7 (106 )
¿

1 1 1 1
= + +
Km K 1 K 2 K 3

lbf
Km=5.24(106 )
¿
C:
lbf lbf
K b=0.7134 M Km=5.24(106 )
¿ ¿

Kb
C= = 0.122
Kb+ Km

Yielding Factor of Safety:


np = SpAt/CP +Fi Assume np = 1.2 P = 517lbf

Putting Value, we get Sp = 13.04kips


Factor of Safety against Overloading:
SpAt−Fi
nL= Assume nL =3 P = 517lbf
CP

Putting Value, we get Sp = 13kips


Factor of Safety against Joint Separation:
F
No= Assume No =5 P = 517lbf
P(1−C )

Putting Value, we get Sp = 5kips


Conclusion:
Including all factor tensile and shear we required a bolt of proof strength Sp = 13.
04kips.Table 8-9 our required bolt is of Grade 1.

5/16 in 24UNF x 3.5 Grade 1 Bolt

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