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Answer 12

The document provides information on classifying weeds according to their life cycle, root system, mode of reproduction, place of occurrence, stem type, and origin. Weeds can be classified as annual, biennial, or perennial based on their life cycle. They can also be classified as shallow rooted or deep rooted based on their root system. Other classifications include their mode of reproduction, habitat, stem type, and whether they are introduced or indigenous species. Selective herbicides only kill certain plant types while leaving others unaffected. Herbicide resistance in weeds can be single, cross, or multiple resistance. Allelopathy refers to how an organism's biochemicals can influence other organisms in the same community.

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49 views

Answer 12

The document provides information on classifying weeds according to their life cycle, root system, mode of reproduction, place of occurrence, stem type, and origin. Weeds can be classified as annual, biennial, or perennial based on their life cycle. They can also be classified as shallow rooted or deep rooted based on their root system. Other classifications include their mode of reproduction, habitat, stem type, and whether they are introduced or indigenous species. Selective herbicides only kill certain plant types while leaving others unaffected. Herbicide resistance in weeds can be single, cross, or multiple resistance. Allelopathy refers to how an organism's biochemicals can influence other organisms in the same community.

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GALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY

Semester I CAT II Online Examination Answer uploading Template

Enrolment No. of Student 20SOAG1010067 Name of Course Agronomy

Name of Student AMAN SINGH Course Code AGRI1006

Program BSC AGRICULTURE Date of Examination 17 4 21

Semester 1 Time 10:00 AM

Student shall start writing from here:


ANSWER 12
The weeds with similar morphological characters, life cycle,
requirements of soil , water, climatic condition etc are grouped
together as a class or category. Therefore classification of weeds is
helpful for adopting weed management methods for particular group
of weeds instead of against an individual weed species. It is always
economical and practically feasible to manage the group of weeds as
compared to manage the individual weed species.
Classification of Weeds According to Life Cycle:
1) Annual Weeds
a) Kharif Annuals / Kharif Weeds:

b) Rabi Annuals / Rabi Weeds:

c) Summer Annuals / Summer Weeds:

d) Ephemerals

2) Biennial Weeds:

They take at least two years or two seasons to complete their life
cycle. They complete their vegetative growth in first year or season
and produce flowers and seeds in the next year or season. E.g Wild
carrot- ( Daucas carota), wild onion – ( Asphodelus spp) , Jangli gobhi-
(Launea spp).

3) Perennial Weeds:
They continue or grow for more than two years or several years.
Perennial weeds are further classified as.

II) According to Root System:

Depending upon the depth of root system perennial weeds are


classified as

a) Shallow Rooted Perennials:

Those perennial weeds having about 20 to 30 cm deep root system


are called shallow rooted perennial weeds.

E. g Hariali ( Cynodon dactylon), Quack grass ( Agrophyron repens).

b) Deep Rooted Perennials:

Weeds having about one meter or more deeproot system. E.g


Nutgrass ( Cyperus rotundus), Johnson grass ( Sorghum holepense ),
Acacia spp. wild ber etc.   

III) According to Mode of Reproduction:

a) Simple Perennials: Reproduce mostly by seeds.

b) Bulbous Perennials:

Propagate by underground parts like bulbs, rhizomes , tubers etc, as


well as seeds.

E .g Cattail ( Pan kanis) (Typha spp),


Nut grass or Nut sedge ( Cyperus rotundus),
Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense).

c) Creeping Perennials:

Spread by lateral extension of the creeping above ground stem or


roots or by seeds.
E .g Hariali – (Cynodon dactylon), Ambooshi – ( Oxalis litifolia)

IV) According to the Place of Occurrence (Habitat):


Depending upon the place of their occurrence they can be grouped as
under:
1) Weeds of cropped lands: E. g Chandvel, Striga, Orobanche, Wild rice
etc.
2) Weeds of Pastures and grazing lands: E. g Parthenium, Hulhul
(Cleome viscose).
3) Weeds along water channel: E .g Jalkumbhi ( Eichhornia crassipes)
Pandhari Phuli ( Lagasca mollis).

V) According to Nature of Stem:

1) Woody Weeds:

2) Herbaceous Weeds:

VI) According to the Origin of Weeds:

1) Introduced or Exotic weeds/ Allien Weeds or Anthrophytes

Many weeds move from the place of their origin by seeds or other
parts to a new area and establish there and become introduces weeds
such introduced weeds are called alien weeds or anthrophyes.

2) Indigenous Weeds:

VII) Facultative Weeds or Apophytes

VIII) Obligate Weeds

IX) Noxious Weeds

X) Objectionable Weeds

XI) Industrials Weeds

XII) Poisonous Weeds

SELECTIVE

Selective herbicides are a type of herbicide that will only kill a


certain type of plant, while leaving other plants unaffected. This makes
it useful when weeds are growing within or very closely to desirable
plants or grass because you won’t have to worry about accidentally
killing or harming your lawn or landscape plants.

RESISTANCE

There are three commonly known levels of herbicide resistance:


(1) single resistance, (2) cross resistance, and (3) multiple resistance.
Single resistance is when a weed is resistant to only one family of
herbicides and/or one mode of action

ALLELOPATHY
Allelopathy With Other Algae. Allelopathy is a biological
phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more
biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and
reproduction of other organisms from the same community.

Students are required to upload the answer in this template only on LMS. Answers uploaded other
than this template will not be evaluated

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