Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder  Unit 3

3 TIME OFF
Pages 26–27 Noun:  discovery
scientists have made an exciting discovery | an
antique  /ænˈtiːk/ Noun
important new discovery
antiques are pieces of furniture and other items that are
valuable because they are very old district  /ˈdɪstrɪkt/ Noun
there are stalls selling antiques in the market | every a district is a particular part of a city or town
room in the palace was full of antiques | the outdoor the main housing district of the city | the shop is in the
market is for antiques only | an antiques dealer old Jewish district | the financial district (where there are
(someone who buys and sells antiques) | an antique lots of banks and offices) | the main shopping district |
shop (a shop that sells antiques) one of the poorer districts of the city
Adjective:  antique
fan  /fæn/ Noun
antique furniture | an antique vase | my mother collects
if you are a fan of something, you like it very much
antique clocks
I’m not a great fan of old buildings | I’m a huge fan of all
call  /kɔːl/ Noun her books | football fans
a call is a sound or announcement that is intended to tell
people that they need to do something WORD BUILDING: VERBS THAT START WITH RE
Collocates:  a call to something | a call for someone to do Sometimes when a verb starts with the letters re, this adds
something the meaning of ‘again’ to the verb. For example, reopen
the call to prayer was heard all over the town | there means ‘open again’. Here are some more examples:
were calls for the president to resign | a call to arms (an rearrange rebuild redo remake
announcement that men need to join the army because remarry repaint replay resell
a war is happening) rethink reuse rewrite retake (an exam)
Verb:  call However, with lots of verbs that start with re- there is no
I was called into the office on a Saturday extra meaning of ‘again’. For example, restore does NOT
mean ‘to store again’ – even though ‘store’ is also a verb. It
communist  /ˈkɒmjʊnɪst/ Adjective just has a different meaning!
communism is the political system that controlled Russia
Also, with some verbs that start with re-, you can’t take
from 1917 and a lot of Eastern Europe from 1945 until
away the letters re to make another verb. For example,
1991. They had a communist political system, and that
repeat is a verb – but ‘peat’ is not!
period in their history is the communist period
the communist party of the Soviet Union | fears of a housing  /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/ Noun uncount
communist revolution | the formerly communist countries houses and apartment buildings where people live can
of Poland and Bulgaria be called housing
Noun:  communism | Noun:  communist the industrial and housing district | there isn’t enough
the collapse of communism in 1991 | under communism, affordable housing in London | a shortage of housing | a
there was no private property (everything belonged to new housing development
the state) | she became a communist during the war | he
was suspected of being a communist lively  /ˈlaɪvli/ Adjective
lively means full of life, energy, enthusiasm or people
decorated  /ˈdekəreɪtɪd/ Adjective enjoying themselves
something that is decorated has been made to look a very lively class | a lively teacher | it’s a very lively area
beautiful by being painted or by having pretty things | the school has a lively atmosphere
added to it
the church was beautifully decorated | a handsomely medieval  /ˌmediˈiːv(ə)l/ Adjective
decorated theatre something that is medieval was built or existed between
Verb:  decorate | Noun:  decoration 1000 AD and 1500 AD
we all helped to decorate the Christmas tree | why don’t a medieval church | medieval history | a medieval
we put up some party decorations? painting | the town grew in importance throughout
the medieval period | a perfect example of medieval
discover  /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/ Verb architecture
if you discover something, you find something that you
did not know about before mine  /maɪn/ Noun
a mine is a very big, deep hole where people dig and
they recently discovered some Roman ruins near here | bring up coal, gold, salt, etc, from under the ground
they discovered gold in the mountains | the island was
discovered in 1795 Collocates:  a coal/gold/salt mine

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 Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder  Unit 3

we went on a tour round a salt mine | it would be underground  /ˈʌndə(r)ˌɡraʊnd/ Adjective

interesting to go down a mine | most of the men here you use underground to describe things that are under
work in the mines | the mine closed down in the 1980s the surface of the earth
Noun:  miner | Noun:  mining | Verb:  mine the underground world of the salt mines | an
a coal miner | a mining town | it’s too expensive to mine underground car park
for coal here Adverb:  underground
coal was brought up from deep underground | electricity
mosque  /mɒsk/ Noun
cables were buried underground
a mosque is a religious building where Muslims go to pray
there’s a beautiful mosque on the central square | you wall  /wɔːl/ Noun
should take off your shoes before entering the mosque | a wall is the outer part of a building or room, that goes
I went to visit the local mosque round all the sides
you can walk along the walls of the castle | the walls of
palace  /ˈpæləs/ Noun
the castle were three metres thick | there was a window
a palace is a large building, especially one where a king,
set into the wall above the door
queen, or president lives
an old royal palace by the river | the Queen lives in
Buckingham Palace | the presidential palace (where the Pages 28–29
president lives and works) accommodation  /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ Noun uncount
accommodation is a place such as a house, flat, or hotel
prayer  /preə(r)/ Noun
where you can live or stay for a while
prayer is the act of speaking to God
how was the accommodation on your holiday? | the
we heard the call to prayer coming from the mosque |
tourist office can help you find accommodation | the
say a prayer | attend daily prayers | she said her prayers
university can’t provide accommodation | I’ve had some
every night before going to bed
problems with my accommodation | there’s plenty of
Verb:  pray good accommodation in the town | I’m living in student
they prayed to God for his safe return | let us pray | we accommodation
prayed together before we left Verb:  accommodate
restore  /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ Verb a holiday cottage that can accommodate six people
if you restore something, you repair it so that it is as
blow  /bləʊ/ Verb
good as it was when it was new
when wind or air blows, it moves. If someone or
they’ve been restoring the old palace for years | they something is blown over or blown away, they are forced
restored the old mosque to its original condition | the to move uncontrollably by strong wind
church has been beautifully restored | we must restore
Collocates:  blow (something) away/off/over
peace to the country after the war
my umbrella blew away | the wind blew the roof off the
Noun: restoration
house | I was nearly blown over
restoration of the cathedral took over seven years
boiling  /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/ Adjective
ride  /raɪd/ Noun if the weather is boiling, it is very hot. You can say you
in a theme park, the rides are the machines which move are boiling or boiling hot when you are very hot
around and which you can go on for fun
they said it’s going to be boiling hot all week | I’m boiling
there are some great rides at the theme park | I wanted – can you open the window? | it’s boiling in here
to go on all the rides | there were some really scary rides
| he’s too young to go on the ride chilly  /ˈtʃɪli/ Adjective
if it is chilly, it is rather cold
ruins  /ˈruːɪnz/ Noun
it gets very chilly at night | it’s a bit chilly outside | the
ruins are the parts of an old building that are still left
evenings are starting to get quite chilly | I put a pullover
after most of the building has been destroyed
on as I was feeling chilly
Collocates:  be in ruins
Noun:  chill | Verb:  chill
there are some Roman ruins near the city | we visited
there’s a slight chill in the air | put the wine in the fridge
some ancient ruins | they wandered round the ruins | the
to chill (to get cold)
city was left in ruins after the war
Adjective:  ruined clear  /klɪə(r)/ Verb
an old ruined temple if something unpleasant clears or clears up, it gets
better. If you clear something or clear it up, you make it
stall  /stɔːl/ Noun better or tidier
a stall is a table outside, for example in a market, where they said the weather would clear up next week |
people sell things. A person who sells things there is hopefully, the weather will clear later | the infection
called a stallholder should clear up in a day or two | we need to clear up the
there are stalls selling antiques in the market | a market misunderstanding between us | we need to clear this
stall | I got this from a book stall mess up (make it tidy)

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 Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder  Unit 3

constant  /ˈkɒnstənt/ Adjective it’s going to be hot and humid during the day | the
something that is constant happens all the time without afternoon was hot and humid | a very humid climate
stopping Noun:  humidity
the children needed constant attention | traffic noise I can’t stand the humidity here | 90 per cent humidity
remained constant throughout the day | a constant
stream of people came in and out miserable  /ˈmɪz(ə)rəb(ə)l/ Adjective
Adverb:  constantly if someone is miserable, they are very sad. If the weather
is miserable, there is not much sunshine and it is cold
he was constantly changing his mind | we are constantly
or rainy
looking for new opportunities
I felt a bit miserable when everyone had left | it was grey
cottage  /ˈkɒtɪdʒ/ Noun and miserable outside | what a miserable day! | a long
a cottage is a small house, especially one that is in a spell of miserable weather | a cold, miserable January
village or in the country evening
we rented a small cottage near the beach | the cottage
offer  /ˈɒfə(r)/ Verb
was clean and well decorated | the nearest cottage was
if a place offers certain qualities or opportunities, they
over a mile away
are available there
drop  /drɒp/ Verb the countryside is very green and offers something
when an amount or level drops, it goes down. When the different | the national park offers three camping sites |
temperature drops, it becomes colder the city centre offers a lively nightlife
oil prices have dropped dramatically | it might drop to
season  /ˈsiːz(ə)n/ Noun
minus 10° tonight | your body temperature drops when
a season is the months of the year when a particular
you sleep| it’s hot during the day, but the temperature
activity happens. For example, the holiday season is
drops very quickly when it gets dark
when most people take their holidays; the football
Noun:  drop season is the time of year when football is played
a sudden drop in temperature | there’s been a drop in I take a holiday when the season ends | the football
student numbers season starts in August | prices go down at the end of
the season
entertainment  /ˌentə(r)ˈteɪnmənt/ Noun
entertainment is things that give people pleasure, like show  /ʃəʊ/ Noun
films, concerts, television, etc a show is a performance in a theatre
there’s plenty of entertainment in the evenings | a home we’re going to a show tonight | the show will last two
entertainment centre (a large TV with good quality and a half hours | did you enjoy the show?
pictures and sound) | the village was really quiet and
there was no entertainment for the children storm  /stɔː(r)m/ Noun
Adjective:  entertaining | Verb:  entertain when there is a storm, lots of rain falls and there are
strong winds
it was a hugely entertaining film | the show is sure to
entertain parents as well as children Collocates:  a storm breaks | a storm rages
there was a terrible storm last night | there might be a
get away  /ˌɡet əˈweɪ/ Phrasal verb storm later | the plane crashed in a storm | as we were
if you get away from somewhere, you go somewhere driving home, a storm broke (it started) | outside, the
else, for example to avoid a situation that is difficult or storm raged (it was very strong)
uncomfortable
Adjective:  stormy
Collocates:  get away from something
stormy weather | a stormy relationship (with a lot of
we try and get away for a few weeks during the summer arguing)
| I just wanted to get away from the noise and crowds of
the city | the only time we could get away was in August take down  /ˌteɪk ˈdaʊn/ Phrasal verb
if you take something down, you move it from where it is,
guaranteed  /ˌɡeærənˈtiːd/ Adjective often by removing pieces from it
something that is guaranteed will definitely happen
we should take down the parasol or it will blow away |
we can offer guaranteed good weather in July | you get it was harder than we thought to take the tent down | I
a salary and a guaranteed bonus | all our products are took the curtains down so that I could wash them
guaranteed (they will work, and if they break we will give
you a new one) warm  /wɔː(r)m/ Adjective
Verb:  guarantee | Noun:  guarantee if something is warm, it is slightly hot in a pleasant way
we guarantee our cookers for fifteen years | the TV has the weather was nice and warm | it’s much warmer
a 5-year guarantee today than it was yesterday | the warmest room in the
house | are you warm enough without a coat on?
humid  /ˈhjuːmɪd/ Adjective Verb:  warm or warm up | Noun:  warmth
if the weather is humid, it is very hot and there is a lot of
I’m cold – I need to warm up a bit | shall I warm the soup
water in the air
up? (make it hotter) | come and warm yourself by the fire
| she lay in the warmth of the bed

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 Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder  Unit 3

windy  /ˈwɪndi/ Adjective Verb:  react

when it is windy, the wind is blowing very hard Collocates:  react to something
it’s going to be really windy on the mountain | a wet the audience reacted with laughter | people react to fear
and windy afternoon | we’re expecting windy weather in different ways
tomorrow | it’s harder playing golf in windy conditions
Noun:  wind risk  /rɪsk/ Noun
if you take a risk, you do something which you hope will
the wind is blowing from the east | the wind had died
succeed, although you know it will be bad for you if it
down by the evening (had become less strong)
does not succeed
Collocates:  take a risk | run a risk
Pages 30–31 are you willing to take the risk? | I’m not running any
commemorate  /kəˈmeməreɪt/ Verb more risks for you | it was a risk, but it paid off (it was
to commemorate people or events from the past means a success) | he refused to join in, saying the risk was
to show respect for them by having a special event or too big
creating a special object Verb:  risk | Adjective:  risky
the peace park commemorates all the people who died I don’t want to risk my life | if you go too close, you
there | an annual parade commemorating the end of risk catching the disease | he has risked everything he
the war | the statue commemorates Wellington’s victory owns | it’s risky to invest all your money in shares | oil
over Napoleon | a ceremony to commemorate the exploration is a risky business
anniversary of the island’s independence
Noun:  commemoration | Adjective:  commemorative willing  /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ Adjective
if you say that you are willing to do something, you mean
the 70th anniversary commemoration event was held
that you will easily agree to do it
in the town hall | a service of commemoration (a special
event in a church) | a commemorative stamp was issued Collocates:  be willing to do something | perfectly/quite
by the post office willing
are you willing to take the risk? | it’s very worthwhile for
destroy  /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ Verb people who are willing to make the effort | I am perfectly
to destroy something means to damage it so badly that it willing to wait | finding a willing helper is easier than you
no longer exists think | they are always willing to try new types of food
the city was completely destroyed by a volcano | 50 per Adverb:  willingly | Noun:  willingness || Opposite –
cent of all animal species could be destroyed by global Adjective:  unwilling | Adverb:  unwillingly
warming | the building was destroyed in a fire | a second
Collocates:  willingness to do something | be unwilling to
explosion destroyed the station entrance
do something
Noun:  destruction
I would willingly pay extra for a seat in the front row | his
we need to prevent the destruction of the environment willingness to help was appreciated | he was unwilling
| weapons of mass destruction (that can cause damage to go to the police | rather unwillingly, she agreed to the
to a large area and affect large numbers of people) proposal
fancy  /ˈfænsi/ Verb
if you fancy something or fancy doing something, you
think you would like it or like to do it
I’ve never really fancied going to Albania | do you fancy
a coffee? | do you fancy watching a film? | I’ve never
fancied yoga | I fancy doing something different tonight

initial  /ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l/ Adjective

your initial reaction or response to something is the first
thing you say or do as a result of it
my initial reaction was to scream | her initial response
was a series of questions | what were your initial
impressions of the book?

reaction  /riˈækʃ(ə)n/ Noun

your reaction to something is what you do, say, or think
as a result of it
Collocates:  a reaction to something
my initial reaction was to scream | her reaction to the
news was to laugh out loud | his reaction was one of
surprise

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 Outcomes Intermediate Vocabulary Builder  Unit 3

EXERCISES D Use the collocations to complete the missing

nouns.
1 coal / salt m_ _e
Prepositions
2 a royal / presidential p_ _ _ _e
A Complete the sentences with the correct 3 the football / holiday s_ _ _ _n
preposition. 4 student / university / holiday a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _n
  1 It gets very chilly the desert at night. 5 housing / finanical / shopping d_ _ _ _ _ _t
  2 She didn’t react my suggestion. 6 turn into a complete n_ _ _ _ _ _ _e
  3 They’re working to prevent the destruction
the monument. E Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the verbs from the box. Look up the verbs if you
  4 It’s good to get away the city in the summer.
need help.
  5 The queen lives Buckingham Palace.
  6 I would hate to go a mine. blow   ruin   drop   restore   clear
  7 They pray God every day. 1 The church was beautifully .
  8 He wanted to go all the rides. 2 The weather and the sun came out
  9 The town was left ruins. again.
10 The city was discovered 1890. 3 The wind the roof off the shed.
11 There has been a drop student numbers. 4 The temperature to −10°C
yesterday.
5 The storms the hotel.
Word families
F Match the sentence halves. Look up the verbs
B Complete the expressions with the correct form if you need help.
of the word in bold. 1 The island was discovered a) excellent
 1 decorate a room put up accommodation.
 2 an entertaining film the hotel offers 2 The hotel offers b) dramatically
for children overnight.
  3 a salt mine the men work as 3 The price of oil dropped c) the end of the war.
4 The parade commemorates d) doing yoga.
 4 daily prayers  for
5 I’ve never really fancied e) in 1975.
someone’s safe return
  5 some Roman ruins a temple G Which of the collocations do not go with the
 6 a restored painting the of the nouns?
cathedral 1 run / set / take a risk
 7 a chilly day there was a slight 2 the storm raged / broke / blew
in the air 3 a coal / salt / sugar mine
 8 discover gold make an important 4 a market / book / table stall

 9 a humid day 90 per cent

Phrasal verbs
10 a terrible storm weather
H Choose the correct phrasal verbs.
Collocations 1 I took down / cleared up the curtains so that I could
wash them.
C Match the adjectives to the nouns. Look up the 2 I just wanted to get away / blow away from the noise
adjectives if you need help. and crowds of the city.
1 ancient a) climate 3 They said the weather would clear up / get away
2 a humid b) car park next week.
3 a communist c) ruins 4 The wind was so strong it nearly blew me over / took
me down.
4 a lively d) traffic
5 an underground e) government
6 constant f) atmosphere

© 2016 National Geographic Learning  5