8

Mathematics
Quarter 1, Week 4 – Module 4.1
Performing Operations on
Rational Algebraic Expressions
– M8AL-Ic-d-1
\
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1– Module 4.1: Performing Operations on Rational Algebraic Expressions

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: CHARLIE B. MADURO

Editors: NERISSA A. MORTEGA

EFLEDA C. DOLZ
HILDA J. CARLET
DIOLETA B. BORAIS

Reviewer: LILLI ANN HERMOGENES

Illustrator/ Layout Artist: MARISOL B. BOSEO

 GRADE 8 (QUARTER 1)
Module 4.1

Performing Operations on Rational

Algebraic Expressions
INTRODUCTION:

This module is composed of four lessons:

Lesson 1: finding the product of rational algebraic
expressions
Lesson 2: finding the quotient of rational algebraic
expressions
Lesson 3: finding the sum and difference of similar rational
algebraic expressions
Lesson 4: finding the sum and difference of dissimilar
rational algebraic expressions

After studying this module, you will learn how to perform the
operations on rational algebraic expressions and express the result
in its simplest form whenever necessary.

PRE-TEST:

Before studying this module, answer the following problems to

determine if you already know how to perform operations on rational
algebraic expressions.

A. Find the product of the following and express your answer in

simplest form.
2a 4a x2 −y² 2x+2y
1. • 4. • 4x−4y
5b 7b x−y

cd m2 n2 X2+3x+2 x+3
2. • 5. • x2 +5x+6
mn c2 x−1

x2 −4 2x2 +x−1
3. •
x2 −1 x+2

B. Find the quotient of the following rational algebraic expressions.

8𝑥 2 2𝑥 𝑥 2+3𝑥+2 𝑥 2+5𝑥+6
1. ÷ 𝑦2 4. ÷
4𝑦 𝑥−2 𝑥+3

12𝑚 2𝑛 2 24𝑚 5 𝑥 2+2𝑥+1 𝑥 2−1

2. ÷ 5. 𝑥 2+4𝑥+3 ÷ 𝑥 2+2𝑥+1
5𝑚𝑛 25𝑛 2

𝑎 2−1 7𝑎+7
3. ÷
162 4𝑎 2

1
 C. Perform the indicated operation and express your answer in simplest
form.
𝑚2 3𝑚 2 2 8
1. 4 + 4 4. 3𝑎+3𝑏 − 3𝑎+3𝑏

5𝑎𝑏 4𝑎𝑏 𝑥2 𝑦2
2. 18𝑎 4𝑏
+ 18𝑎4𝑏 5. 𝑥 2−𝑦 2
− 𝑥 2−𝑦2

2𝑥+1 𝑥2
3. 𝑥+1
+
𝑥+1

D. Perform the indicated operation and express your answer in simplest

form.
7𝑎 2𝑎 5𝑎 8
1. 6 + 5 4. 𝑎2 −9 + 4𝑎−12
1 1 6 4
2. 𝑟
−𝑤 5. 𝑎+3𝑏
− 𝑎−3𝑏
25 16
3. 𝑚
+
3𝑛

LESSON 1
MULTIPLYING RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to find the
product of rational algebraic expressions.

Vocabulary List:
𝑎
- In the expression 𝑏 , 𝑎 is called the numerator while 𝑏 is
called the denominator.
- Prime Factors are the factors of a number or expression
which cannot anymore be expressed as a product of two
numbers or expressions except 1 and itself.

Learning Activities:

Finding the product of rational algebraic expressions is just

like getting the product of fractional numbers. To start, let us recall how
to multiply fractions.
5 9
Multiply: 6 ∙ 10

2
You have to remember!

“The product of two rational expressions is the product of the

numerators over the product of the denominators.”
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎𝑐
In symbols, ∙ 𝑑 = 𝑏𝑑 where 𝑏𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏

Now, to learn how to multiply rational algebraic expressions, look

at the following illustrative examples.
5𝑡 4
Illustrative example 1: Find the product of and 3𝑡 2 .
8

5𝑡 4 (5)(𝑡) (2)(2)
∙ = ∙
8 3𝑡 2 (2)(2)(2) (3)(𝑡)(𝑡)

(5)(𝑡)(2)(2)
=
(2)(2)(2)(3)(𝑡)(𝑡)

(5)(𝑡)(2)(2)
=
(2)(2)(2)(3)(𝑡)(𝑡)

(5)
=
(2)(3)(𝑡)

5
=
6𝑡

5𝑦+30 4𝑥 2𝑦
Illustrative example 2: Multiply 2𝑥𝑦−6𝑥 ∙ 𝑦+6

5𝑦+30 4𝑥 2 𝑦 (5)(𝑦+6) (2)(2)(𝑥)(𝑥)(𝑦)

∙ = (2)(𝑥)(𝑦−3) ∙ (Step 1)
2𝑥𝑦−6𝑥 𝑦+6 (𝑦+6)

3
 (5)(𝑦+6)(2)(2)(𝑥)(𝑥)(𝑦)
= (Step 2)
(2)(𝑥)(𝑦−3)(𝑦+6)

(5)(𝑦+6)(2)(2)(𝑥)(𝑥)(𝑦)
= (Step 3)
(2)(𝑥)(𝑦−3)(𝑦+6)

(5)(2)(𝑥)(𝑦)
=
(𝑦−3)

𝟏𝟎𝒙𝒚
= (Step 4)
𝒚−𝟑

𝑥−5 4𝑥 2 +12𝑥+9
Illustrative Example 3: What is the product of 4𝑥 2−9 and 2𝑥 2−11𝑥+5?

𝑥−5 4𝑥 2 +12+9 (𝑥−5) (2𝑥+3)(2𝑥+3)

∙ = ∙ (Step 1)
4𝑥 2 −9 2𝑥 2 −11𝑥+5 (2𝑥+3)(2𝑥−3) (2𝑥−1)(𝑥−5)

(𝑥−5)(2𝑥+3)(2𝑥+3)
= (Step 2)
(2𝑥+3)(2𝑥−3)(2𝑥−1)(𝑥−5)

(𝑥−5)(2𝑥+3)(2𝑥+3)
= (Step 3)
(2𝑥+3)(2𝑥−3)(2𝑥−1)(𝑥−5)

(2𝑥+3)
=
(2𝑥−3)(2𝑥−1)

𝟐𝒙+𝟑
= (Step 4)
𝟒𝒙𝟐 −𝟖𝒙+𝟑

Practice Exercises:
Use the steps you learned in finding the product of rational algebraic
expressions. You may use another sheet for your computation.

Task 1: Find the product of the following algebraic expressions.

𝑐𝑑 𝑚 2𝑛 2 𝑎 2−𝑏2 𝑎
1. 𝑚𝑛 ∙ 3. ∙ 3𝑎−3𝑏
𝑐2 𝑎

10𝑢𝑣 2 6𝑥 2𝑦 2 𝑥 2−3𝑥 𝑥 2 −4
2. ∙ 5𝑢2 𝑣 2 4. 𝑥 2+3𝑥−10 ∙ 𝑥 2 −𝑥−6
3𝑥𝑦 2

𝑎 2 −𝑏2
Task 2: What is the area of a rectangular lot if its length is meters
2𝑎𝑏
𝑎2
and its width is meters?
𝑎−𝑏

Task 3: Find the area of the given plane figure.

4
 Assignment:

To understand more clearly and appreciate more the importance

of this concept, solve the given problem.

Maria plans to cover her rectangular table to prepare for her friends visit.
4x² x2 −1
If her table has a length of 3x+3 and a width of , what should be the
8x
dimension of the cloth she needs to buy?

LESSON 2
DIVIDING RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to find the
quotient of rational algebraic expressions.

Vocabulary List:

- RECIPROCAL is the expression obtained by dividing the

number 1 by the expression or by interchanging the numerator
𝑎
and the denominator of the expression (e.g., the reciprocal of 𝑏
𝑏
is 𝑎 ).

Learning Activities:
From the previous lesson you learned that the steps in
multiplying fractions is just the same as those in multiplying rational
algebraic expressions. This is also true in finding the quotient of
rational algebraic expressions.
10
So, let’s begin with dividing two rational numbers. Divide 16 by
5
.
4

5
Now, examine and analyze the illustrative examples below.

6𝑎𝑏2 9𝑎 2 𝑏2
Illustrative example 1: Find the quotient of and .
4𝑐𝑑 8𝑑𝑐 2

6𝑎𝑏2 9𝑎2 𝑏2 6𝑎𝑏2 8𝑑𝑐 2

÷ = ∙
4𝑐𝑑 8𝑑𝑐 2 4𝑐𝑑 9𝑎2 𝑏2

(2)(3)𝑎𝑏2 (23 )𝑑𝑐 2

= ∙
(22 )𝑐𝑑 (32 )𝑎2 𝑏2

(24 )(3)𝑎𝑏2 𝑑𝑐 2
=
(22 )(32 )𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐𝑑
2
(24 )(3)𝑎𝑏2 𝑑𝑐 2
=
(22 )(32 )𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐𝑑

22 𝑐 𝟒𝒄
= =
3𝑎 𝟑𝒂

𝑥 2 −1 3𝑥+3
Illustrative Example 2: Divide 𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4 by .
15𝑥

𝑥 2 −1 3𝑥+3 𝑥 2 −1 15𝑥
÷ = ∙ (Step 1)
𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4 15𝑥 𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4 3𝑥+3

(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1) (3)(5)(𝑥)
= ∙
(𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4) (3)(𝑥+1)

(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1)(3)(5)(𝑥)
=
(𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4)(3)(𝑥+1)

(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1)(3)(5)(𝑥)
=
(𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4)(3)(𝑥+1)

(𝑥−1)(5)(𝑥)
=
(𝑦 2 −2𝑦+4)(3)

𝟓𝒙𝟐 −𝟓𝒙
=
𝟑𝒚𝟐 −𝟔𝒚+𝟏𝟐
2𝑥 2+𝑥−6 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−8
Illustrative Example 3: What is the quotient of 2𝑥 2+7𝑥+5 and 2𝑥 2 −3𝑥−20

2𝑥 2 +𝑥−6 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−8 2𝑥 2 +𝑥−6 2𝑥 2 −3𝑥−20

÷ = ∙
2𝑥 2 +7𝑥+5 2𝑥 2 −3𝑥−20 2𝑥 2 +7𝑥+5 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−8

(2𝑥−3)(𝑥+2) (𝑥−4)(2𝑥+5)
= ∙
(2𝑥+5)(𝑥+2) (𝑥+2)((𝑥−4)

(2𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)(𝑥−4)(2𝑥+5)
=
(2𝑥+5)(𝑥+2)(𝑥+2)(𝑥−4)

6
 (2𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)(𝑥−4)(2𝑥+5) 𝟐𝒙−𝟑
= =
(2𝑥+5)(𝑥+2)(𝑥+2)(𝑥−4) 𝒙+𝟏

REMEMBER:

The quotient of two rational algebraic expressions is the

product of the dividend and the reciprocal of the divisor. In
symbols,

𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 𝑑 𝑎𝑑
÷𝑑=𝑏∙𝑐 = where 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ≠ 0.
𝑏 𝑏𝑐

Practice Exercises:
Let us see if you can now use the steps you learned in finding
the quotient of rational expressions. You may use another sheet
for your computations.

Task 1: Find the quotient of the following rational algebraic

expressions.
81𝑥𝑧 3 27𝑥 2𝑧 2 3−4𝑦 3
1. ÷ 4. ÷ 4𝑦−3
36𝑦 12𝑥𝑦 6

2𝑎+2𝑏 4 𝑥 2−𝑥−6 𝑥 2−9

2. ÷𝑎 5. 𝑥 2−2𝑥−8 ÷÷ 𝑥 2 −7𝑥+12
𝑎 2 +𝑎𝑏

𝑎−1 2𝑎−2
3. ÷÷
𝑎+2 𝑎+2

Can you apply the concepts learned in finding the quotient of

rational expression to solve this word problem?

Task 2: Solve the given problem.

𝑥 2−100 2𝑥+20
The area of the rectangle is 8 while the length is .
20.
Find the width of the rectangle.

7
 Assignment:

Solve this word problem.

21 𝑥2
The base of the triangle is and the area is . What is the height
3𝑥−21 35
of the triangle?

LESSON 3
FINDING THE SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF SIMILAR RATIONAL
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to find the sum
and difference of similar rational algebraic expressions

Vocabulary List:

- LIKE TERMS are terms in an expression with the same literal

coefficients e.g., 4𝑥 2 , 7𝑥 2 , −2𝑥 2
- SIMILAR RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS are rational
algebraic expressions that have the same denominators.

Learning Activities:

Can you still recall how to add or subtract similar fractions?

It is easy to find the sum or difference of similar rational algebraic

expressions, just add or subtract the numerators and write the answer
in the numerator of the result over the common denominator. In
symbols,
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎+𝑐 𝑎 𝑐 𝑎−𝑐
+𝑏= ,𝑏 ≠ 0 −𝑏= ,𝑏 ≠ 0
𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 𝑏

You may take a look at the different given illustrative examples. Take
note of the different steps in performing the operations.

𝑥 2 −2𝑥−7 3𝑥+1
Illustrative Example 1: Add and 𝑥 2−9 .
𝑥 2−9

𝑥 2 −2𝑥−7 3𝑥+1 (𝑥 2 −2𝑥−7)+(3𝑥+1)

+ =
𝑥 2 −9 𝑥 2 −9 𝑥 2 −9

𝑥 2 −2𝑥+3𝑥−7+1
=
𝑥 2 −9

𝑥 2 +𝑥−6
=
𝑥 2 −9

8
 (𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)
=
(𝑥−3)(𝑥+3)

(𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)
=
(𝑥−3)(𝑥+3)

𝒙+𝟐
=
𝒙+𝟑

2𝑎+6𝑏 4𝑎+12𝑏
Illustrative Example 2: What is the sum of and ?
𝑎+3𝑏 𝑎+3𝑏

2𝑎+6𝑏 4𝑎+12𝑏 (2𝑎+6𝑏)+(4𝑎+12𝑏)

+ = (Step 1)
𝑎+3𝑏 𝑎+3𝑏 𝑎+3𝑏

2𝑎+4𝑎+6𝑏+12𝑏
= (Step 2)
𝑎+3𝑏

6𝑎+18𝑏
=
𝑎+3𝑏

6(𝑎+3𝑏)
= (Step 3)
𝑎+3𝑏

6(𝑎+3𝑏)
= (Step 4)
𝑎+3𝑏

=𝟔
−10−6𝑥−5𝑥 2 𝑥 2+5𝑥−20
Illustrative Example 3: Subtract from .
3𝑥 2+𝑥−2 3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2

𝑥 2+5𝑥−20 −10−6𝑥−5𝑥 2 (𝑥 2+5𝑥−20)−(−10−6𝑥−5𝑥 2 )

− =
3𝑥 2+𝑥−2 3𝑥 2+𝑥−2 3𝑥 2+𝑥−2

𝑥 2 +5𝑥−20+10+6𝑥+5𝑥 2
=
3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2

𝑥 2 +5𝑥 2 +5𝑥+6𝑥−20+10
=
3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2

6𝑥 2 +11𝑥−10
=
3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2

(3𝑥−2)(2𝑥+5)
=
(3𝑥−2)(𝑥+1)

(3𝑥−2)(2𝑥+5)
=
(3𝑥−2)(𝑥+1)

𝟐𝒙+𝟓
=
𝒙+𝟏

9
 Practice Exercises:

Perform the given operation by following the steps you have learned in the
previous illustrative examples.

Task 1: Find the sum and express your answer in simplest form.
6 4 𝑥 2+3𝑥−2 𝑥 2−2𝑥+4
1. + 𝑎−5 4. +
𝑎−5 𝑥 2−4 𝑥 2−4

5𝑎𝑏 4𝑎𝑏 2𝑥+1 𝑥2

2. 18𝑎 4𝑏
+ 18𝑎4𝑏 5. 𝑥+1
+ 𝑥+1

𝑥−2 𝑥−2
3. + 𝑥−1
𝑥−1

Task 2: Find the difference and express your answer in simplest form.

7 5 𝑥2 𝑦2
1. − 4𝑥−1 4. 𝑥 2−𝑦2 − 𝑥 2−𝑦2
4𝑥−1

6𝑎 3𝑎 𝑥 2+3𝑥+2 3𝑥+3
2. 12
− 12
5. 𝑥 2−2𝑥+1 − 𝑥 2−2𝑥+1

2 8
3. 3𝑎+3𝑏
− 3𝑎+3𝑏

Challenge:

Task 3: Solve the given problem and express your answer in simplest
form.

Kinetic energy(Ek) is the energy in motion. The work of an

external force is equal to the change in kinetic energy: W = Ek2 – Ek1.
𝟒𝒂 𝟏𝟐𝒂
What is W when Ek1= 𝒂+𝟒 and Ek2= 𝒂+𝟒?

Assignment:

Try solving this problem by applying the concepts you have learned in
finding the sum and difference of similar rational algebraic
expressions.

What is the area of the shaded region in the given figure if the area of
𝑎 2 −𝑎 𝑏−𝑎𝑏
the rectangle is given by and the area of the circle is given by ?
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎−𝑏

LESSON 4
FINDING THE SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF DISSIMILAR RATIONAL
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

Objective: After studying this lesson, you should be able to find the sum
and difference of dissimilar rational algebraic expressions.

10
Vocabulary List:

- DISSIMILAR RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS are

rational algebraic expressions that have different denominators.
- LEAST COMMON DENOMINATOR of a rational algebraic
expression is the expression that is divisible by each of the
denominator.

Learning Activities:

When fractions are dissimilar, you need to get the Least

Common Denominator (LCD) of the fractions and use this to rewrite
them as similar fractions. Thus, it is important that you know how to get
1 2
the LCD. Let us start with these fractions. Find the sum of 6 and 9.

1 2
+9
6

Now let’s learn how to add and subtract dissimilar fractions by

examining and analyzing the following illustrative examples.
5 2
Illustrative example 1: Find the sum of 18𝑎4 𝑏 and 27𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐.

5 2
+ 27𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 18𝑎4 𝑏 = 2 ∙ 32 ∙ 𝑎4 ∙ 𝑏
18𝑎 4 𝑏

27𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 = 33 ∙ 𝑎3 ∙ 𝑏2 ∙ 𝑐

2 ∙ 33 ∙ 𝑎4 ∙ 𝑏2 ∙ 𝑐 = 𝟓𝟒𝒂𝟒 𝒃𝟐 𝒄

5(3𝑏𝑐) 2(2𝑎)
= +
𝟓𝟒𝒂𝟒 𝒃𝟐 𝒄 𝟓𝟒𝒂𝟒 𝒃𝟐 𝒄

15𝑏𝑐 4𝑎
= 54𝑎4 𝑏2 𝑐 + 54𝑎4𝑏2 𝑐

𝟏𝟓𝒃𝒄+𝟒𝒂
= 𝟓𝟒𝒂𝟒 𝒃𝟐 𝒄

11
 𝑡+3 8𝑡−24
Illustrative example 2: Subtract 𝑡 2 −6𝑡+9 and .
𝑡 2 −9

𝑡+3 8𝑡−24
− 𝑡 2 − 6𝑡 + 9 = (𝑡 − 3)2
𝑡 2 −6𝑡+9 𝑡 2 −9

𝑡2 − 9 = (𝑡 − 3)(𝑡 + 3)

(𝒕 − 𝟑)𝟐 (𝒕 + 𝟑) = 𝒕𝟑 − 𝟑𝒕𝟐 − 𝟗𝒕 + 𝟐𝟕

(𝑡+3)(𝒕+𝟑) (8𝑡−24)(𝒕−𝟑)
= 𝒕𝟑 −𝟑𝒕𝟐 −𝟗𝒕+𝟐𝟕 − 𝒕𝟑 −𝟑𝒕𝟐 −𝟗𝒕+𝟐𝟕

𝑡 2 +6𝑡+9 8𝑡 2 −48𝑡+72
= 𝑡 3 −3𝑡 2 −9𝑡+27 − 𝑡 3 −3𝑡 2 −9𝑡+27

(𝑡 2 +6𝑡+9)−(8𝑡 2 −48𝑡+72)
= 𝑡 3 −3𝑡 2 −9𝑡+27

𝑡 2 +6𝑡+9−8𝑡 2 +48𝑡−72
= 𝑡 3 −3𝑡 2 −9𝑡+27

−𝟕𝒕𝟐 +𝟓𝟒𝒕+𝟔𝟑
= 𝒕𝟑 −𝟑𝒕𝟐 −𝟗𝒕+𝟐𝟕

2𝑥 3𝑥−6
Illustrative Example 3: Find the sum of 𝑥 2 +4𝑥+3 and 𝑥 2 +5𝑥+6.

2𝑥 3𝑥−6
+ 𝑥 2 +5𝑥+6 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 3 = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 1)
𝑥 2+4𝑥+3
𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 6 = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 2)

(𝒙 + 𝟑)(𝒙 + 𝟏)(𝒙 + 𝟐) = 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟏𝒙 + 𝟔

2𝑥(𝒙+𝟐) (3𝑥−6)(𝒙+𝟏)
= 𝒙𝟑 +𝟔𝒙𝟐 +𝟏𝟏𝒙+𝟔 + 𝒙𝟑 +𝟔𝒙𝟐 +𝟏𝟏𝒙+𝟔

2𝑥 2+4𝑥 3𝑥 2−3𝑥−6
= 𝑥 3 +6𝑥 2+11𝑥+6 + 𝑥 3+6𝑥 2 +11𝑥+6

2𝑥 2+4𝑥+3𝑥 2−3𝑥−6
= 𝑥 3 +6𝑥 2+11𝑥+6

𝟓𝒙𝟐 +𝒙−𝟔
= 𝒙𝟑 +𝟔𝒙𝟐 +𝟏𝟏𝒙+𝟔

Practice Exercises:
Use the steps you learned in finding the sum and difference of
dissimilar rational algebraic expressions. You may use another sheet
for your computation.

12
 Task 1: Find the sum and express your answer in simplest form.
𝑥 𝑦 3 4 𝑥+8 3𝑥−2
1. 2 + 4 2.𝑥+1 + 𝑥 3. 𝑥 2−4𝑥+4 + 𝑥 2 −4

Task 2: Find the difference and express your answer in simplest form.
5 3 2𝑥 3 3 2
1. 2 − 𝑦 2. 𝑥 2 −9 − 𝑥−3 3. 𝑥 2−𝑥−2 − 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6

Task 3: Perform the indicated operation and express your answer in

simplest form.
5 2 1 1
1. 18𝑎4𝑏 + 27𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 2. 𝑛2−6𝑛+8 − 𝑛2+𝑛−6

Assignment:

Analyze the situation, and answer the given questions.

Situation:
3𝑥−4
Anchie is asked to buy a bag of milk worth Php and instant
3
4𝑥+3
coffee at Php . According to him, he has to pay the cashier
2
7𝑥+1
the amount of Php because;
5

4𝑥+3 3𝑥−4 4𝑥+3+3𝑥−4 7𝑥+1

+ = =
2 3 2+3 5

1. Is the total amount to be given by Anchie to the cashier

correct?
2. If not, what part in his computation made his solution wrong?
3. Give the correct solution so that Anchie will give the cashier
the exact and correct amount.
4. What important lesson in life did you learn from the given
situation?

POST TEST:

A. Find the product of the following rational algebraic

expressions.
3𝑎 9𝑎 𝑥 2+2𝑥+1 𝑦 2−1
1. ∙ 4. 𝑦 2−2𝑦+1 ∙ 𝑥 2 −1
5𝑏 2𝑏

6𝑎𝑏2 8𝑑𝑐 2 𝑎 2−2𝑎𝑏+𝑏 2 𝑎−1

2. ∙ 9𝑎2𝑏2 5. ∙ 𝑎−𝑏
4𝑐𝑑 𝑎 2 −1

5𝑚 2−125 𝑚³
3. ∙ 𝑚+5
𝑚 2 −5𝑚

13
 B. Instructions:
1. Divide the following rational algebraic expressions
2. Write in the box below the letter that corresponds to the
solution of the problem.
3. Then, complete the statement below with the word
formed in the boxes.

“ In times of crisis, prices of commodities rise, so we should

spend ___________ to lessen our financial deficiency.”

17 3𝑥 15 45 𝑥 2+4𝑥+3 𝑥+3 5𝑥−10 𝑥+7

÷ ÷ ÷ ÷
3𝑥−5𝑦 3𝑥−5𝑦 4𝑥 2 28𝑥 𝑥 2−𝑥− 20 𝑥+4 𝑥 2−4 𝑥+2
P L W I
5 10 𝑥 2 +4𝑥 3 𝑥−6 2𝑥−12 𝑥+3 𝑥 2 −9
÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ 𝑥 2−25
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2−2𝑥−8 𝑥−2 𝑥−2 5𝑥 𝑥−5
E H Y S

𝑥+1 5 𝑥+5 1 7 5𝑥
𝑥−5 𝑥+7 𝑥−3 2 3𝑥 2(𝑥 − 2)

C. Perform the indicated operation and express your answer in

simplest form.
𝑚2 3𝑚 2 2𝑥+9 5𝑥−7
1. 4 + 4 5. 𝑥−3 − 𝑥−3

2𝑥 2𝑥 3𝑎 2𝑎
2. − 6. +
3𝑥 3𝑥 𝑎𝑥+𝑎𝑦 𝑎𝑥+𝑎𝑦

3𝑎 𝑎 𝑥−3 𝑥+5
3. 2
+2 7. 𝑥+1 − 𝑥+1

2 16 𝑥 2−10𝑥−2 6−12𝑥
4. 2𝑚 − 2𝑚 8. 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6
− 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6

D. Perform the indicated operation and express your answer in

simplest form.
𝑥 𝑥 1 4
1. 2 + 10 5. − 𝑎−𝑏
𝑎+𝑏

5𝑎 3𝑎 5𝑎 8
2. − 6. +
8 6 𝑎 2 −9 4𝑎−12

8𝑥 4𝑥 3𝑥 𝑛 2𝑛
3. + 12𝑥 + 4𝑥 7. +
3𝑥 3𝑛−6 𝑛−2

𝑎 𝑏 𝑥+1 3𝑥
4. − 5𝑦 8. 𝑥 2−𝑥−6 − 𝑥 2−2𝑥−3
15𝑥

14
ANSWER KEY:
Pre Test:
A.
2a 4a 𝟖𝒂𝟐 x2 −y² 2x+2y 𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙𝒚+𝒚𝟐
1. • = 4. • =
5b 7b 𝟑𝟓𝒃𝟐 x−y 4x−4y 𝟐𝒙−𝟐𝒚

cd m2 n² 𝒅𝒎𝒏 x2 +3x+2 x+3 𝒙+𝟏

2. mn • = 5. • x2 +5x+6 = 𝒙−𝟏
c² 𝒄 x−1

x2 −4 2x2 +x−1 𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟓𝒙+𝟐

3. x2 −1 • =
x+2 𝒙−𝟏

B.
8𝑥 2 2𝑥 𝑥 2 +3𝑥+2
1. ÷ 𝑦 2 = 𝒙𝒚 4. ÷
4𝑦 𝑥−2
𝑥 2+5𝑥+6 𝒙+𝟏
= 𝒙−𝟐
𝑥+3

12𝑚 2 𝑛 2 24𝑚 5 𝟓𝒏𝟑 𝑥 2 +2𝑥+1

2. ÷ = 5. ÷
5𝑚𝑛 25𝑛 2 𝟐𝒎𝟒 𝑥 2 +4𝑥+3
𝑥 2−1 𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙+𝟏
= 𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙−𝟑
𝑥 2+2𝑥+1

𝑎 2 −1 7𝑎+7 𝟐𝒂𝟑−𝟐𝒂𝟐
3. ÷ =
162 4𝑎 2 𝟓𝟔𝟏

C.

𝑚2 3𝑚 2 2 8
1. 4
+ 4
= 𝒎𝟐 4. 3𝑎+3𝑏
− 3𝑎+3𝑏 =
𝟐
− 𝒂+𝒃
5𝑎𝑏 4𝑎𝑏 𝟏 𝑥2 𝑦2
2. 18𝑎 4𝑏
+
18𝑎 4𝑏
=
𝟐𝒂𝟑
5. 𝑥 2−𝑦 2
−
𝑥 2−𝑦 2
=𝟏

2𝑥+1 𝑥2
3. 𝑥+1
+ 𝑥+1 = 𝒙 + 𝟏

D.
7𝑎 2𝑎 𝟒𝟕𝒂 5𝑎 8 𝟕𝒂+𝟔
1. 6
+
5
=
𝟑𝟎
4. 𝑎2−9 + 4𝑎−12 = 𝒂𝟐−𝟗
1 1 𝒘−𝒓 6 4
2. 𝑟 𝑤
− = 𝒓𝒘
5. 𝑎+3𝑏 − 𝑎−3𝑏
=
𝟐𝒂−𝟑𝟎𝒃
𝒂𝟐−𝟗𝒃𝟐
25 16 𝟕𝟓𝒎+𝟏𝟔𝒏
3. 𝑚
+
3𝑛
=
𝟑𝒎𝒏

Lesson 1

Practice Tasks:
Task 1:
𝑐𝑑 𝑚 2𝑛 2 𝒅𝒎𝒏 𝑎 2−𝑏2 𝑎 𝒂+𝒃
1. ∙ = 3. ∙ 3𝑎−3𝑏 =
𝑚𝑛 𝑐2 𝒄 𝑎 𝟑

15
 10𝑢𝑣 2 6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝟒𝒙 𝑥 2−3𝑥 𝑥 2 −4 𝒙𝟐 −𝟐𝒙
2. ∙ 5𝑢2𝑣 2 = 4. 𝑥 2+3𝑥−10 ∙ 𝑥 2 −𝑥−6 = 𝒙𝟐 +𝟑𝒙−𝟏𝟎
3𝑥𝑦 2 𝒖

Task 2:
𝒂𝟐 −𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒂𝟐 +𝒂𝒃
𝑨= ∙ =
𝟐𝒂𝒃 𝒂−𝒃 𝟐𝒃

Task 3:

2 1 𝑏−2 𝑏2 𝒃
𝐴 = 2 𝑏ℎ = 2 ∙ ∙ 2−𝑏 = − 𝟒
2𝑏

Assignment:
4𝑥² 𝑥 2 − 1 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙
𝐴= ∙ =
3𝑥 + 3 8𝑥 𝟔

Lesson 2

Practice Tasks:
Task 1:
81𝑥𝑧 3 27𝑥 2 𝑧 2 3−4𝑦 3 𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐 −𝟐𝟒𝒚+𝟗
1. ÷ =𝒛 4. ÷ 4𝑦−3 = −
36𝑦 12𝑥𝑦 6 𝟏𝟖

2𝑎+2𝑏 4 𝟏 𝑥 2−𝑥−6 𝑥 2−9 𝒙−𝟑

2. ÷𝑎=𝟐 5. 𝑥 2−2𝑥−8 ÷ 𝑥 2−7𝑥+12 = 𝒙+𝟑
𝑎 2 +𝑎𝑏

𝑎−1 2𝑎−2 𝟏
3. ÷ =𝟐
𝑎+2 𝑎+2

Task 2: 𝑤 = 𝐴÷𝑙
𝑥 2−100 2𝑥+20 𝟓𝒙−𝟓𝟎
𝑤= ÷ =
8 20 𝟒
Assignment:
𝑥2 21 𝟐𝒙𝟑 −𝟏𝟒𝒙𝟐
ℎ = 2𝐴 ÷ 𝑏 = 2 (35) ÷ 3𝑥−21 = 𝟐𝟒𝟓

Lesson 3

Practice Tasks:
Task 1:
6 4 𝟏𝟎 𝑥 2+3𝑥−2 𝑥 2−2𝑥+4 𝟐𝒙𝟐 +𝒙+𝟐
1. + 𝑎−5 = 𝒂−𝟓 4. + =
𝑎−5 𝑥 2−4 𝑥 2−4 𝒙𝟐 −𝟒
5𝑎𝑏 4𝑎𝑏 𝟏 2𝑥+1 𝑥2
2. 18𝑎 4𝑏
+ 18𝑎4𝑏 = 𝟐𝒂𝟑 5. 𝑥+1
+ 𝑥+1 = 𝒙 + 𝟏
𝑥−2 𝑥−2 𝟐𝒙−𝟒
3. + 𝑥−1 =
𝑥−1 𝒙−𝟏

Task 2:
7 5 𝟐 𝑥2 𝑦2
1. 4𝑥−1 − 4𝑥−1 = 𝟒𝒙−𝟏 4. 𝑥 2−𝑦2 − 𝑥 2−𝑦2 = 𝟏

16
 6𝑎 3𝑎 𝒂 𝑥 2+3𝑥+2 3𝑥+3 𝒙+𝟏
2. 12
− 12
=𝟒 5. 𝑥 2−2𝑥+1 − 𝑥 2−2𝑥+1 = 𝒙−𝟏
2 8 𝟐
3. 3𝑎+3𝑏
− 3𝑎+3𝑏 = − 𝒂+𝒃

Task 3:
𝟏𝟐𝒂 𝟒𝒂 𝟖𝒂
𝑊= − =
𝒂+𝟒 𝒂+𝟒 𝒂+𝟒

Assignment:

𝑎 2 −𝑎 𝑏−𝑎𝑏 𝒂𝟐 +𝒂𝒃−𝒂−𝒃
𝐴 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 − 𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 = − =
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎−𝑏 𝒂−𝒃

Lesson 4

Practice Tasks:
Task 1:
𝑥 𝑦 𝟐𝒙+𝒚 𝑥+8 3𝑥−2
1. 2 + 4 = 𝟒 3. 𝑥 2−4𝑥+4 + 𝑥 2 −4 =
𝟒𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝒙+𝟐𝟎
𝒙𝟑 −𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟒𝒙+𝟖
3 4 𝟕𝒙+𝟒
2. + =
𝑥+1 𝑥 𝒙𝟐 +𝒙

Task 2:
5 3 𝟓𝒚−𝟔 3 2
1. 2 − 𝑦 = 𝟐𝒚 3. 𝑥 2−𝑥−2 − 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 =
𝒙−𝟏𝟏
𝒙𝟑 −𝟒𝒙𝟐 +𝒙+𝟔
2𝑥 3 −𝒙−𝟗
2. − 𝑥−3 =
𝑥 2−9 𝒙𝟐 −𝟗

Task 3:
5 2 𝟏𝟓𝒃𝒄+𝟒𝒂
1. 18𝑎4𝑏 + 27𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 = 𝟓𝟒𝒂𝟒 𝒃𝟐 𝒄

1 1 𝟕
2. − 𝑛2+𝑛−6 = 𝒏𝟑 −𝟑𝒏𝟐−𝟏𝟎𝒏+𝟐𝟒
𝑛 2−6𝑛+8

Assignment:

1. NO
2. He was wrong when he simply combined the numerator and
the
denominator because they are dissimilar rational algebraic
expressions.
3𝑥−4 4𝑥+3 (3𝑥−4)(2) (4𝑥+3)(3) 6𝑥−8+12𝑥+9 𝟏𝟖𝒙+𝟏
3. + = + = =
3 2 6 6 6 𝟔
4. Answers may vary.

17
Post Test:

A.
3𝑎 9𝑎 𝟐𝟕𝒂𝟐 𝑥 2+2𝑥+1 𝑦 2−1 𝒙𝒚+𝒙+𝒚+𝟏
1. ∙ = 4. ∙ =
5𝑏 2𝑏 𝟏𝟎𝒃𝟐 𝑦 2−2𝑦+1 𝑥 2 −1 𝒙𝒚−𝒙−𝒚+𝟏

6𝑎𝑏2 8𝑑𝑐 2 𝟒𝒄 𝑎 2−2𝑎𝑏+𝑏2 𝑎−1 𝒂+𝒃

2. ∙ 9𝑎2 𝑏2 = 𝟑𝒂 5. ∙ 𝑎−𝑏 = 𝒂+𝟏
4𝑐𝑑 𝑎 2 −1

5𝑚 2 −125 𝑚³
3. ∙ 𝑚+5 = 𝟓𝒎𝟐
𝑚 2−5𝑚

B. “In times of crisis, prices of commodities rise, so we should spend

WISELY to lessen our financial deficiency.”

17 3𝑥 𝟏𝟕 15 45 𝟕
÷ = 𝟑𝒙 ÷ =𝟑
3𝑥−5𝑦 3𝑥−5𝑦 4𝑥 2 28𝑥
P L
5 10 𝟏 𝑥 2 +4𝑥 3 𝒙
÷ =𝟐 ÷ =𝟑
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2+2𝑥−8 𝑥−2
E H
𝑥 2+4𝑥+3 𝑥+3 𝒙+𝟏 5𝑥−10 𝑥+7 𝟓
÷ 𝑥+4 = 𝒙−𝟓 ÷ = 𝒙+𝟕
𝑥 2−𝑥− 20 𝑥 2−4 𝑥+2
W I
𝑥−6 2𝑥−12 𝟓𝒙 𝑥+3 𝑥 2 −9 𝒙+𝟓
÷ = 𝟐𝒙−𝟒 ÷ 𝑥 2−25 = 𝒙−𝟑
𝑥−2 5𝑥 𝑥−5
Y S

C.

𝑚2 3𝑚 2 2𝑥+9 5𝑥−7 −𝟑𝒙+𝟏𝟔

1. + = 𝒎𝟐 5. − =
4 4 𝑥−3 𝑥−3 𝒙−𝟑
2𝑥 2𝑥 3𝑎 2𝑎 𝟓
2. 3𝑥
−
3𝑥
=𝟎 6.
𝑎𝑥+𝑎𝑦
+
𝑎𝑥+𝑎𝑦
=
𝒙+𝒚

3𝑎 𝑎 𝑥−3 𝑥+5 𝟖
3. 2
+2=𝒂 7. 𝑥+1 − 𝑥+1 = − 𝒙+𝟏

2 16 𝟕 𝑥 2−10𝑥−2 6−12𝑥 𝑥+4

4. 2𝑚
− 2𝑚 = − 𝒎 8. 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6
− 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6 = 𝑥−3

D.
𝑥 𝑥 𝟑𝒙 1 4 −𝟑𝒂−𝟓𝒃
1. + 10 = 5. − =
2 𝟓 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎−𝑏 𝒂𝟐 −𝒃𝟐
5𝑎 3𝑎 𝒂 5𝑎 8 𝟕𝒂+𝟔
2. − =𝟖 6. + 4𝑎−12 = 𝒂𝟐 −𝟗
8 6 𝑎 2 −9
8𝑥 4𝑥 3𝑥 𝟏𝟓 𝑛 2𝑛 𝟕𝒏
3. + 12𝑥 + 4𝑥 = 7. + = 𝟑𝒏−𝟔
3𝑥 𝟒 3𝑛−6 𝑛−2

𝑎 𝑏 𝒂𝒚−𝟑𝒃𝒙 𝑥+1 3𝑥 −𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟒𝒙+𝟏

4. − 5𝑦 = 8. 𝑥 2−𝑥−6 − 𝑥 2−2𝑥−3 = 𝒙𝟑 −𝟕𝒙−𝟔
15𝑥 𝟏𝟓𝒙𝒚

18
References:

• Mathematics Learners Material for OHSP pages 48-57

• BEAM Learning Guide: Module 6 pages 8-45
• Daily Lesson Plan (DLP) pages 87-110
Mathematics Learner’s Module 8 pages 86-104

19