UNIT 6: GENDER EQUALITY

TASK 1. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words from the box

degree `treat discrimination gender equality

enrol opportunities wage eliminate caretaker

force pursue workforce housework challenge

1. Don’t you believe in____________________between boys and girls.

2. There are good____________________for advancement if you have the right skills.
3. The single market is designed to____________________barriers to the free movement of goods ,
services, people.
4. He showed great ____________________in his choice of friends.
5. He had to leave the country through____________________ of circumstance.
6. We____________________boys exactly the same as girls. treat
7. How much do men share____________________and the care of the children?
8. Many factors are important, for example, class, ____________________ ,age and ethnicity.
9. She has a____________________ in Biochemistry from London University.
10. The centre will soon be ready to____________________candidates for the new programme.
11. They decided to employ a____________________who look after their sons and daughters all the week.
12. He has just taken up a part-time job with an hourly ____________________$8.
13. She was so stressful when facing the ____________________of working and childcare duty at the same
time.
14. After university, she was still undecided what career she wanted to ____________________.
15. There are some socio-economic barriers keeping women out of the________________.
TASK 2. Fill each gap with the correct form of the word inbrackets to complate the sentences.
1. Brenda Berkman was never aware of ____________________(prefer) in favour of boys.
2. Do you have any ideas? You’re the____________________(create) one.
3. My teacher always treat every member of class____________________.(equal)
4. Those tests____________________(discrimination) unfairly against older people.
5. His parents still____________________(treatment) him like a child.
6. The number of female ____________________ (enroll)has increased sharply for the past few years.
7. Many women in the factory have threatened to strike against ____________________(equality) pay.
8. Finally she admitted that her pain had been cause by____________________(violent)

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TASK 3. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. discrimination B. elimination C. television D. instruction
2. A.eliminate B. violence C. right D. childcare
3. A.enrollment B.force C. loneliness D. control
4. A.inequality B. qualified C. quantity D. equal
5. A.labor B. remarkable C. participate D. wage
6. A. gender B. enrol C. preference D. secondary
7. A. sue B. spend C. sure D. pursue
TASK 4. Choose A, B, C or D that best completes each unfinished sentence
1. In some most Asian countries women are undervalued and they never have the same_______as men.
A. formality B. basis C. limit D. status
2. It is against the law to_______on the basis of sex, age, marital status, or race.
A. suit B. discriminate C. believe D. gain
3. The Prime Minister is to consider changes to sexually_______laws to enforce equal opportunities.
A. discriminate B. discrimination C. discriminatory D. discriminated
4. At any competition, everyone is _______
 A. the same   B. equal   C. common D. significant
5. I think that up to now there has not been a real_______ between men and women.
A. equal B. equally C. equality D. equalize
6. Gender differences cannot _________a person from pursuing a job
A. imprison B. sue C. prevent D. Lock
7. She sued her company___________race discrimination.
A. for B. of C. with D. in
8. The bad weather couldn’t prevent us________winning this competition.
A. of B. from C. with D. to
9. I am_______favour________your ideas. It is very reasonable.
A. on/ with B. in/ to C. of/ with D. in/ of
10. His dream of becoming a reputed lawyer finally____________true.
A. makes B. takes C. comes D. goes
11. A(n)________is a person who you work with.
A. firefighter B. woman C. employer D. co-worker
12. She made fun of me because I am from Africa. It was a_______________discrimination.
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 A. gender B. race C. education D. age
13. There were no limitations on women’s service at FDNY. Everyone had to do exactly the same jobs.
A. restricts B. interests C. subjects D. inequalities
14. Gender discrimination in______makes it difficult for women to do men’s jobs.
A. education B. employment C. race D. entertainment
15. She threatened to_______the magazine for posting her private photos without permission.
A. pursue B. follow C. encourage D. sue
16. She decided to_____a career in politics despite the gender discrimination.
A. sue B. pursue C. play D. become
17. We are trying to_____progress in job training for young people.
A. make B. take C. do D. work
18. Gender_____should be eliminated so that people can receive equal opportunities.
A. equality B. education C. discrimination D. mistake
19. In Vietnam, more women than men earn college______.
A. degrees B. gender C. elimination D. papers
20. Gender_____is the equal treatment among men and women.
A. equality B. education C. discrimination D. mistake
21. I think students should be_______to choose their subjects at school.
A. allowed B. allow C. to allow D. allowing
22. Both genders should be provided with equal_____to employment and healthcare.
A. incomes B. poverty C. colleges D. rights
23. In some rural areas, students don’t have many chances to get access to the Internet.
A. time B. opportunities C. performances D. rights
24. We should get rid of gender and race discrimination in community.
A. encourage B. reduce C. enrol D. eliminate
25. Much has to be done to achieve ______________ in employment opportunities.
A. gender equality B. gender discrimination
C. gender inequality D. equal gender
26. People have__________ poverty and hunger in many parts of the world.
A. encouraged B. eliminated C. employed D. followed
27. Both genders should be provided with equal________ to education, employment and healthcare.
A. gender B. wage C. rights D. incomes
28. People in this country have made good______________ in eliminating domestic violence.
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 A. wage B. succeed C. progress D. education
29. She applied ______ a firefighter’s position at the New York City Fire Department.
A. in B. with C. for D. To
30. It is against the law to__________ on the basis of sex, age, marital status, or race.
A. believe B. discriminate C. gain D. suit
31. I believe gender____________in education starts at home.
A. discriminate B. discrimination C. discriminator D. discriminative
32. The government will soon________ the problem of inequality in wages.
A. establish B. address C. sue D. abolish
33. The Vietnamese government has done a lot to________ hunger and poverty.
A. eliminate B. increase C. protect D. keep
34. ________against women and girls should be eliminated when government and people cooperate.
A. Equality B. Discrimination C. Dissatisfaction D. Disbelief
35. You should________attention to what your teacher is saying.
A. take B. give C. have D. pay
36. Educated Women are likely to get________jobs and become more important at home.
A. well – trained B. well – paid C. well – prepared D. well - educated
37. In the past, our grandparents had a________for grand – sons over grand – daughters.
A. discrimination B. equality C. rights D. preference
38. Gender discrimination cannot ________people from doing their favorite jobs.
A. enroll B. prevent C. address D. insist
39. About 500 girls________in our school this year.
A. forced B. enrolled C. eliminated D. discriminated
40. She decided to________a career in politics despite the gender discrimination.
A. sue B. pursue C. play D. become
41. ________is the unfair treament based on gender, age or race.
A. Elimination B. Equality C. Discrimination D. Enrolment
42. I think our government has________considerable progress in gender equality.
A. done B. taken C. given D. made
43. Gender ________is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary founadtion for a peaceful,
prosperous and sustainable world.
A. equity B. unity C. equality D. identity
44. – “Are you attending the conference on gender equality this week?”
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 - “________________”
A. I don’t think I will be able to come. B. Did you say that?
C. Well ,things are different now. D. That’s the way life is
45. They sued New York City and the FDNY________gender discrimination.
A. for B. in C. at D. with
46. The Vietnamese government has done a lot to eliminate hunger and poverty.
A. get rid of B. limit C. decrease D. discriminate
47. It is against the law to ________on the basis of sex, age, marital status, or race.
A. suit B. discriminate C. believe D. gain
48. Nowadays, many people have still fought for gender ________in many fields, especially in education
and emplyment.
A. discrimination B. equality C. opportunity D. elimination
49. In some companies, it is sugessted that female officers should be supported by their female co –
workers.
A. colleges B. colleagues C. villages D. collectors
50. The centre will soon be ready to________candidates for the new programme.
A. force B. eliminate C. perform D. enrol
51. Jane is very________for her age. You can rely on her.
A. considerable B. significant C. talkative D. mature
52. Wage________has affected women both physically and mentally.
A. discriminate B. difference C. discrimination D. inequality
53. It is important that men should share household tasks________their wives.
A. to B. with C. for D. against
54. More and more girls apply________males’ jobs these days.
A. by B.for C. about D. to
55. Now I wish I could________a medical career to become a doctor.
A. pursuing B. be pursuing C. be pursued D. pursue
56. Educated women are becoming less dependent________their husbands’ decisions.
A. about B.of C.on D. for
57. I think everybody should be provided________equal access to health services.
A. with B. on C. for D. to

58. We all need to cooperate to fight________racism and gender discrimination.

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 A. for B. against C. in D. about
59. The women in this company have been demanding equal pay________equal work.
A. against B. on C. for D. with
60. This year, more girls enrolled on courses in art and design.
A. avoided B. inserted C. erased D. enlisted
61. With the current job situation, age________ in employment is becoming more common.
A. violence B. wage C. discrimination D. enrolment
62. Practical measures should be taken to________gender inequality in working place and education.
A. force B. eliminate C. sue D. pursue

63. Ensuring women's job __ marks the next step in the country's progress towards gender equality.
A. challenges B. rights C. treatments D. opportunities
64. It was unfair that when the company needed to downsize, most of the dismissed ________was women.
A. workforce B. preference C. gender D. caretaker
65. ________inequality remains an everyday reality for the world’s women and girls.
A.Girl B. Gender C. Man D. Woman

READING
READING - 1 Read the passage carefully and then choose the best option (A, B, C or D) to each gap
In the 1960s the women's liberation movement burst suddenly into the public consciousness and
quickly grew into (1) ______ largest social movement in the history of the United States. Women's liberation
movement (2) ________ a continuation of the 19th-century women's rights movement. The movement's major
(3) _____ has included not only legal, economic, and political gains (4) _______ also has changed the ways in
which people live, dress, dream of their future, and (5) _______ a living.
1. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø
2. A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. A. achievement B. civilization C. status D. power
4. A. with B. either C. and D. but
5. A. put B. make C. get D. take
READING – 2 Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
It has been thought that women are the second class in citizen, and men are the first. There is not a real
equality of opportunity for men and women. Years ago, people were living in a man-dominated society.
Women had to obey their husbands and fathers absolutely. Women's place was in the kitchen and
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women's work was housework. In many places, women were not even' allowed to go to school. Women
had no rights, even the right to choose husband for themselves. Men usually occupied high positions in
society so they thought they were more intelligent than women. Men often considered women as their
property. Sometimes, they were mistreated by their husbands and suffered the problem as a fate. Many
parents did not even want to daughters.
Despite the progress, there remain outdated beliefs about women's roles, traditionally passed down from
generation to generation. Men are commonly seen as the strong bodies, bread-winners in the family and
key leaders in society, while women are restricted to being housewives and child bearing and care, and
housework such as washing and cooking.
According to social surveys, many women in the 21st century still have to work over 12 hours a day
including working in offices and doing countless household chores without any help from their husbands.
In some regions, the labor of women is not recognized despite the hardships they endure to support the
whole family. Moreover, women are the direct victims of family violence, especially in rural areas.
Thanks to the women's liberation movement, nowadays women have proved that they are equal to men in
every aspect. An average woman has weaker muscles than an average man but she may be as intelligent as
he is. Women can do everything that men can, and women can do one thing that no man can: they produce
children.
1. Which is not women's role in the former days?
A. Working in authority B. Doing housework
C. Doing cooking D. Bearing and rearing children
2. Years ago, women are not allowed ________.
A. to work in the kitchen B. to go to school
C. to do housework D. to stay at home with their parents
3. What did women have to suffer?
A. Good schooling B. Choosing a husband themselves
C. Enjoy their housework D. Illiteracy
4. The outdated 'beliefs about women's roles ________.
A.have been eradicated completely B. disappeared soon after the women's liberation movement
C. still exist at present . D. was forced to change after the women's liberation movement
5. According to the text, women in the 21st century ________.
A. do not have to do housework any more
B. are still the victims of family violence in some rural areas
C. get help from their husbands with all housework
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 D. spend less than 12 hours working outside the home and doing housework
READING – 3 Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
Gender equality is a global priority for UNESCO and inextricably linked to its efforts to promote the right to
education and support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through the Education
2030 Framework for Action, SDG 4 aims to "Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote
lifelong learning opportunities for all" and SDG 5 to “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and
girls."
The Education 2030 agenda recognizes that gender equality requires an approach that "ensures that girls and
boys, women and men not only gain access to and complete education cycles, but are empowered equally in and
through education."
Large gender gaps exist in access, learning achievement and continuation in education in many settings, most
often at the expense of girls, although in some regions boys are at a disadvantage. Despite progress, more girls
than boys still remain out of school - 16 million girls will never set foot in a classroom (UNESCO Institute for
Statistics) - and women account for two thirds of the 750 million adults without basic literacy skills.
Poverty, geographical isolation, minority status, disability, early marriage and pregnancy, gender-based
violence, and traditional attitudes about the status and role of women, are among the many obstacles that stand
in the way of women and girls fully exercising their right to participate in, complete and benefit from education.
(Adapted from http://www.en.unesco.org)
1. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?
A. An approach to gender equality in education
B. Sustainable Development Goals
C. Education and Gender equality
D. Gender gaps in education
2. Which of the following aim does NOT belong to SGD?
A. Promoting lifelong learning opportunities for women only
B. Ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education
C. Achieving gender equality
D. Supporting all women and girls
3. The word "access" in the second paragraph can be replaced by
A. link B. contact C. communication D. admittance
4. According to the third paragraph, how gender gaps are demonstrated?
A. The superiority of girls regarding learning achievement and continuation
B. The number of girls remaining out of school and women's lack of literacy skills
C. The percentage of adults without basic literacy skills
D. The number of boys being at a disadvantage in some reasons
5. All of the following are mentioned as obstacles to gender equality in education EXCEPT________.
A.Gender – based violence
B. Traditional belief about the status and role of women
C. Number of children after marriage
D. Geographical isolation

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READING – 4
Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A,B,C or D for each question
The status of women in Japan is complex and cannot be characterized in simple terms. Slowly, there is a
growing number of professional women and professional women’s asssociations. More women continue to
work after getting married and having children. However, many companies have separate programmes for
women, usually non – career development, and follow practices that would be considered discriminatory in
other societies. For a typical couple, the female spouse is still generally expexted to do all of the cleaning,
cooking, and other chores, whether she is working or not. Single women are said to be enjoying their lives,
spending much money on travel abroad and shopping. Housewives are active in networking themselves for
various objectives, for example volunteer activities, community services, recycling activities, study groups,
and many others. The traditional Japanese value of “good wife, good mother” is changing.
Unlike other countries, where a couple is the usual social unit, in Japan it is typical for only the husband
to be invited to business gatherings or to weddings for company employees. Exceptions are frequently
made for foreign visitors depending on the occasion, but wives should not take their exclusion as a personal
insult.
1. The Status of women in Japan___________________.
A. indefinite and illegal B. complex and unclear
C. clear and high D. low and simple
2. Nowadays, Japanese women___________________.
A. can go to work after getting married and having children
B. all have become professional women
C. take over most important work inmany companies
D.have the same work and pay as men in all companies
3. In the family, the female partner___________________.
A. often does all the housework if she doesn’t go to work
B. the male spouse always helpshis wife with cooking and other chores
C. is still generally expected to do all of the housework
D. no longer spends much time doing the housework
4.Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?
A. It is normal for only the husband to be invited to business gatherings.
B. Single Japanese women are used to enjoying their lives, spending much money on travel abroad and
shopping.
C. The traditional Japanese value of “good wife, good mother” is changing.
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 D. Wives in Japan can take their exclusion as a personal insult.
5. What can be inferred from the passage is___________________.
A. the role of Japanese women in the society is changing so that all Japanese women gain gender
equality in both society and home
B. there have been some changes in their social role but Japanese women haven’t acquired the same
rights as men in many fields yet
C. Japanese women are fighting for their definite status in the society
D.most Japanese women are satisfied with their social role nowadays
READING – 5
Read the following passage. Choose the best answer A,B, C or D to indicate the correct answer for each of
the questions
As working women continue to receive better and better wages, housewives still work at home without
receiving pay – checks. Should a woman who works at home, doing the housework and caring for children,
be paid for her service? In a 1986 study at Cornell University, sociologists found that the value of the
services of a housewife averaged $ 11,600 a year. This rate was based on a family composed of a husband,
wife, and three young children. The $11,6000 is what the husband would have to pay if he hired others to
take over his wife’s household chores. The researchers concluded that it would be fair for husbands to pay
wives accroding to federal guidelines for minimum wages.
Another plan for rewarding women who work at home has been suggested by a former Secretary of Health
and Human Services. He says that full – time housewives should be allowed to pay social security taxes,
with their employers contributing part of the payment. He feels that the present system is unfair. He said,
“If you stay at home and raise a family, nobody will give you credit for it.”
Question 1: What is the main purpose of this passage?
A.To encourage women to go out to work
B. To ask men to treat wives better
C. To suggest that housewives should be paid for household chores
D. To suggest that men should share the housework with their wives
Question 2: A housewife’s services in a family of five people are worth.............
A.$160 a month on average C. more than $1,000 a month on average
B. nearly $1,000 a month on average D. $1,600 a month on average
Question 3: According to the researchers, husbands should................
A.hire others to take over their wives’ household chores C. pay wages to their wives for their housework
B.help their wives with the housework D. care for children
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Question 4: What is NOT true about the passage?
A. Unlike working women, housewives get no pay for housework.
B. Full – time housewives are allowed to pay social security taxes.
C. Housewives’ services should be rewarded.
D. Women who go to work get more offers than housewives
Question 5: The underlined word “ their employers” in the passage refers to........
A. Their bosses B. their sponsors C. their owners D. their husbands

GRAMMAR
Exercise 1. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
1. You can store small packages in the overhead compartment.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
..
2. People can see the work of art from both above and below.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
3. People can often hear her music on radio and television.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
4. When the seatbelt light goes off, you may remove the seatbelt.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
5. You must not touch this button while the experiment is in progess.
......................................................................................................................................................................
6. Most of the students can answer this question.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
7. We must eliminate gender discrimination.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
8. The students should clean the classroom everyday.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
9. You must give students enough time to finish the test.
.......................................................................................................................................................................

10. They should clean their teeth twice a day.

.......................................................................................................................................................................
11. I think we can reduce discrimination against women and girls.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................
12. We ought to learn our lessons before coming to school.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
13. Can you give Huy a message?
......................................................................................................................................................................
14. We should listen to our teacher’s advice.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
15. We must do something to help poor people.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
16. I wish they would buy me a present.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
17. No one can do anything unless someone give us more information.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
18. Memebers may keep books for three weeks. After that they must return them.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
19. Passengers shouldn’t throw away their tickets as inspectors may check these during the journey.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
20. You can borrow books through the online service of the university.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
21. We must do something to protect the environment.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
22. How many pages are you going to read this evening?
.......................................................................................................................................................................
23. We should discuss the matter in detail after lunch.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
24. Should we tell him the truth about his daughter?
.......................................................................................................................................................................
25. You can refrigerate this food for up to one week.
.......................................................................................................................................................................

26. We might not invite her family to our farewell party this Friday.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
27. We should call the police at once after the accident.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
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 28. People with financial burden cannot spend a lot of money on their hobbies.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
29. I will grow flowers in my garden again this summer.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
30. You should not take this medication on an empty stomach.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
Exercise 2. Use the given words or phrases to write complete sentences
6. An/exam/may/ give/ Physics teacher/ today.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
7. the bill/ have to/ pay/ before/ end/ the contract/ with/ this company.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
8. Employees/ must/ pay/by/ last day/ the month.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
9. Some/ interesting animals/ can/find/ the zoo.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
10. The/ little dog/ should/ feed/ three times/ day.
.......................................................................................................................................................................
Exercise 3 Choose A, B, C or D that best completes each unfinished sentence
1. _______I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
A. Need B. May C. Will D. Must
2. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We ___________be hurried.
A. mayn't B. shouldn't C. needn't D. mustn't
3. Something _______ immediately to prevent teenagers from _______ in factories and mines.
A. should be done / being exploited B. we should do / exploiting
C. should do / be exploited D. should have done / exploited
4. No longer _______ in our office since it _______.
A. have typewriters been used / computerized
B. typewriters have been used / was computerized
C. have typewriters been used / was computerized   
D. typewriters have been used / computerized
5. The refreshments _______ by Karen.
A. are going to be prepared B. are going to prepare
C. are preparing D. are to prepared
6. It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
A. won't B. needn't C. mustn't D. mightn't
7. Look! The yard is wet. It______ last night.

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 A. must have rained                                  B. couldn't have rained             
C. must rain                                              D. should have rained
8. Nowadays women _____ the same wage as men.
A. will be pay B. should be paid C. should pay D. will pay
9. The company_______________for wage discrimination.
A. should be sued B. should sue C. must be suing D. must sue
10. There _______ be a fire over there as I see smoke from here.
A. must B. should C. might D. could
11. Some people think that married women ________ pursue a career.
A. shouldn’t B. might not C. mustn’t D. might not
12. The picnic ________ because Peter has just had a traffic accident.
A.will cancel B. will be cancelling
C. will be cancelled D. will have cancelled
13. The last decision ________.
A.will be made by the manager B. needn't be finished / will be having
C. that will be made by the manager D. must be finished / can have
14. The package ________ carefully before it ________.
A.must be wrapped / is posted B. needs wrapping / will be posted
C. should wrap / is going to be posted D. will be wrapping / needs posting
15. There are a lot of tickets left, so you ______ pay for the tickets in advance.
A. mustn't B. won't C. shouldn't D. needn’t
16. He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger. He ___________.
A. must be married B. should be married
C. can be married D. might be married
17. Five of the committee members will be unable to attend the next meeting. In my opinion, the meeting ---________.
A. mustn’t be postponed B. ought be postponed
C. should be postponed D. needn’t be postponed

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