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Adj Clause

The document discusses three main points about the benefits of video games: 1) Pre-school children who played interactive games have been shown to have improved motor skills. 2) In the future, treatments for physical and neurological problems may incorporate playing video games. 3) The violent action games that often worry parents the most may actually have the strongest beneficial effect on the brain.

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50 views

Adj Clause

The document discusses three main points about the benefits of video games: 1) Pre-school children who played interactive games have been shown to have improved motor skills. 2) In the future, treatments for physical and neurological problems may incorporate playing video games. 3) The violent action games that often worry parents the most may actually have the strongest beneficial effect on the brain.

Uploaded by

kurnia 767
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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English Class

- Basic:
Grammar
Last week
http://bit.ly/reading1-
games
Pay attention to these
sentences

Pre-school children who played interactive games


have been shown to have improved motor skills.

In the future, we may see many treatments for


physical and neurological problems which
incorporate the playing of video games.

The violent action games that often worry parents


most may actually have the strongest beneficial
effect on the brain.
Adjective Clause / Relative Clause
 Dependent clauses that must be joined to independent clauses  Having a

subject and a verb

 Functioning as adjectives  describing a noun and pronoun

 Placed in a sentence right after the noun they describe

 Using relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, that, which) or relative adverbs

(when, where, or why)


Contoh:
The girl is my friend. The girl wears blue shirt.

The girl who wears blue shirt is my friend.

I ate a bread. The bread was delicious.


6

Who
● Refers to people, used as
● The lady who
subject in the clause
teaches in Political Science
department is my mentor.

- The lady teaches in Political


Science department.
- She is my mentor.
(Relative pronoun as the subject
of the clause)
7

Whom
● Refers to people, used as
 Sally, whom he knew, arrived
object or object of
yesterday.
preposition
(Relative pronoun as the object
of the clause)
(Formal grammar
recommends whom, not
● Sally arrived yesterday.
who, in the object position)
● He knew Sally.
8

Which or that

● Refers to things, animals ● The watch which Ken bought


was expensive.

● The ring that Jamie wears is


from her husband.

● The lion that escaped last night


was captured.
(Note: the sentence using which is
more formal than the one with
that)
9

Whose

● Refers to ● The father whose child is


possession/ownership missing is frantic!

- The father is frantic.


- His child is missing.

● The company whose


manager has resigned is
in dire straits.
10

When

● Refers to a time (in + ● I will never forget the day when I


graduated.
year, in + month, on +
● I will never forget the day on
day,...). which I graduated.
● It cannot be a ● I will never forget the day that I
graduated.
subject.
● It can be omitted - I will never forget the day.
- I graduated on that day.
11

Where

 Refers to a place (in + country, in ● The house where he stays is old .


+ city, at + school,...). ● The house in which he stays is
 It cannot be a subject. old.
 It can be omitted but a
preposition (at, in, to) usually
must be added.
12

Why

● Refers to reason ● I don’t know why


● It can be omitted he winked.
● I don’t know the
reason why he
winked.
13

Restrictive & Non-restrictive Clauses


Restrictive Clauses Non-restrictive Clauses

are necessary for identification— are interesting with extra


tell exactly which thing or person information -but don’t identify or
tell “which one”

DO NOT have commas around ALWAYS have commas around


clause clause

Also known as identifying or Also known as non-identifying or


defining clauses non-defining clauses
14

Restrictive Adjective/Relative Clauses


Examples:
● The soccer player who scored the goal
is from Liverpool.
● The girl that borrows my book
is my cousin.
● The district where I live is near the
post office.
15

Non- Restrictive Adjective/Relative Clauses

Examples:

● Ms. Tan, who is my English tutor, went to Korea last winter.


● My dog, which is barking, is in the backyard.
● William decided to reject the offer, which upset his manager.
16

Compare Restrictive & Non-restrictive


Clauses
1. My brother who lives in Bukit Timah is an accountant.

● This sentence suggests that I have more than


one brother. “Who lives in Bukit Timah” identifies
this brother, not the one who lives in Clementi.

2. My brother, who lives in Bukit Timah, is an accountant.

● This sentence suggests that I only have one brother,


“who lives in Bukit Timah”.
17

Which is logically correct?


1. My father, who is a taxi driver, doesn’t like to exercise.

2. My father who is a taxi driver doesn’t like to exercise.


18

Answer
1. My father, who is a taxi driver, doesn’t like to exercise. (Correct!)

2. My father who is a taxi driver doesn’t like to exercise. (This suggests you have more than
one father!)
19

Which is logically correct?


● Situation: You have 3 sisters and you have already made that clear in preceding
sentences. One is a doctor, one an air stewardess, and one a model.

1. My sister who is a doctor is not married.


2. My sister, who is a doctor, is not married.
20

Answer
1. My sister who is a doctor is not married.
(Correct! This tells which sister , so it’s identifying.)

2. My sister, who is a doctor, is not married.


(Identifying information should not have commas around it.)
21

Which is correct?

1. Paul Smith who is an excellent researcher is from England.

2. Paul Smith, who is an excellent researcher , is from


England.
22

Answer
1. Paul Smith who is an excellent researcher is from England.
(Note that proper nouns are considered already identified, so the adjective clause needs
commas.)

2. Paul Smith, who is an excellent researcher , is from


England. (Correct!)
23

z
Quiz time

 https://quizizz.com/join?gc=25465202

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