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S8 Estimation Intro

This document provides an introduction to building estimation and budgeting. It discusses the need for estimates, types of estimates such as preliminary and detailed estimates, and data required to prepare estimates including drawings, specifications, and rates. The key outcomes are understanding estimate types, estimate components and factors, writing specifications, preparing detailed estimates for simple buildings, analyzing rates, and understanding valuation methods. Accurate estimation requires experience and knowledge of construction methods.

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Aswajith K Babu
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106 views18 pages

S8 Estimation Intro

This document provides an introduction to building estimation and budgeting. It discusses the need for estimates, types of estimates such as preliminary and detailed estimates, and data required to prepare estimates including drawings, specifications, and rates. The key outcomes are understanding estimate types, estimate components and factors, writing specifications, preparing detailed estimates for simple buildings, analyzing rates, and understanding valuation methods. Accurate estimation requires experience and knowledge of construction methods.

Uploaded by

Aswajith K Babu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ESTIMATION SPECIFICATION

AND BUDGETING
ES 402 : S8
SYLLABUS

● Introduction to building estimation: basic terms and types of


estimation
● Methods of calculating approximate estimation
● Methods of writing specification
● Calculation of details estimate for a building
● Introduction to valuation of properties
COURSE OUTCOME : CO

1. To understand the need and types of estimate.


2. To understand the factors and components of estimation
3. Preparation of specification for materials of construction and items
of work
4. Preparation of detailed estimate of simple buildings of load bearing
walls
5. To analyse the rates of various items of work
6. To understand the various methods of valuation
INTRODUCTION

ESTIMATE
An estimate is the anticipated or probable cost of work and is
usually prepared before the construction is taken up.
Before undertaking any work or project, it is important to know
its probable cost, which is obtained by estimating.
An estimate is prepared by computing or calculating the quantities
required and then calculating the cost at suitable rates, to get the
expenditure likely to be incurred in the construction of the building or
structure.

The primary objectives of estimating is to know the cost of the work


beforehand. The actual cost will be known only after the completion of the
work from the account of the completed work.
Accuracy in estimate is very important.
For this the estimator should be experienced and full
acquainted with the methods of construction.
What are the Reasons for inaccurate estimate ?
● Omission of items
● Improper measurements
● Alterations in design
● Taking wrong data for rates.
Need or Purpose of estimation.
1. To know the cost of work beforehand
2. To determine the feasibility of a project, ie whether it should be taken
up or not
3. It gives an idea of time required for the completion of the work.
4. To ascertain the quantities of materials required so that they can be
provided in time.
5. To ascertain the requirements of tools or equipments required for the
completion of work
6. To know the labour requirement
7. To schedule the work
8. To control the expenditure during the work
9. To allocate the resources properly
10. For inviting tenders and arranging contracts.
● PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES

● DETAILED ESTIMATES
● PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES

PREPARED APPROXIMATELY
Prepared without going into the details of different items of work
To get a rough idea of the cost
● DETAILED ESTIMATES
Accurate estimate is prepared by detailed item-wise DETAILED ESTIMATE.

1. For detailed estimate the work is divided into different detailed items of work
2. Quantities under each item of work is taken out
3. Cost of each work is calculated from the rates.

Provision of contingencies, 3% to 5% of the total cost is made in estimate to cover


the miscellaneous petty expenditures which do not come under any item of work.

Provision is also made in the estimate for work charged establishment at 1.5 to
2% of the estimated cost.
For a complete estimate of a project,besides the estimated cost of
main items of work other costs like
❖ Costs of preliminary works and surveying
❖ Cost of land : including cost of acquisition
❖ Cost of levelling and dressing
❖ Cost of external services are required.
❖ Provision for supervision or departmental charges - 5 to 10 % of
the estimated cost is also added to get the final estimate.
Data required to prepare an estimate.

1. Drawings
2. Specifications
3. Rates
DRAWINGS

The plan, section, elevations and detailed drawings are required.


The drawings must be to scale and fully dimensioned.
SPECIFICATION
i) General Specifications or Brief Specifications.
This gives the nature,quality and class of work and materials, in general terms, to
be used in the various parts of the work. General specifications help to get a brief
idea of the whole building. Helps in the preparation of detailed estimate.
ii) Detailed Specifications
This gives the detailed description of various works laying down the quantities and
qualities of materials, their proportions, the method of preparation the
workmanship and execution of work.
Detailed specification describes every item of work separately and helps in the
execution of works.
RATES

For preparing the estimate, the rate per unit of various


materials,wages of labours,transportation cost involved in conveyance
of materials etc are to be known. These rates vary from time to time
and from place to place. These are available in the schedule of rates
book(PWD) and the rates may be worked out by the rate analysis
method.
Types of Estimate

1. PRELIMINARY ESTIMATE/ ABSTRACT


ESTIMATE/APPROXIMATE ESTIMATE OR ROUGH COST
ESTIMATE.
2. PLINTH AREA ESTIMATE
3. CUBE RATE ESTIMATE/ CUBICAL CONTENT ESTIMATE
4. APPROXIMATE QUANTITY METHOD ESTIMATE
5. DETAILED ESTIMATE / ITEM RATE ESTIMATE
6. REVISED ESTIMATE
7. SUPPLEMENTARY ESTIMATE
8. SUPPLEMENTARY AND REVISED ESTIMATES
9. ANNUAL REPAIR OR MAINTENANCE ESTIMATE

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