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Course Module 5

This document provides information about inventions that were created by accident. It discusses three accidental inventions: the microwave oven, the vacuum cleaner, and the dishwasher. The microwave oven was invented when an engineer noticed that microwaves he was working with melted the chocolate in his pocket. The vacuum cleaner was invented when a man used a handkerchief to suck dust off a chair. The dishwasher was invented when a woman wanted to solve the problem of servants spending too much time washing dishes by hand.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
187 views

Course Module 5

This document provides information about inventions that were created by accident. It discusses three accidental inventions: the microwave oven, the vacuum cleaner, and the dishwasher. The microwave oven was invented when an engineer noticed that microwaves he was working with melted the chocolate in his pocket. The vacuum cleaner was invented when a man used a handkerchief to suck dust off a chair. The dishwasher was invented when a woman wanted to solve the problem of servants spending too much time washing dishes by hand.

Uploaded by

Roustxo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2

UNIT
Science: inventions

• To talk about scientific


OBJECTIVES

inventions, innovations
A | Cool Science
and discoveries
• To describe past B | Having a eureka moment!
routines and habits

THAT’S ENGLISH!
B1
2
UNIT Science: inventions

OBJECTIVES
·To talk about scientific inventions,
innovations and discoveries
·To describe past routines and habits

A Cool Science
BEFORE YOU WATCH 5 Are these statements true (3) or false (7)?
Correct the false ones.
1 Match the photos (1-3) with the school subjects 1 Claire has been on a school trip before.
(a-c). 2 At the start of the trip, all Claire’s students think
1 2 3 that museums are interesting.
3 For over three centuries, scientists have
worked in the museum.
4 Fourteen Nobel Peace Prize winners have
a Information Technology b Art c Science worked at the Royal Institution.
5 The Nobel Prize is presented for Science, Art,
2 Which subjects were you interested in at school? Literature and Medicine.
Which subjects were you good at?
6 While Faraday was at the Royal Institution, he
invented a lot of things.
WHILE YOU WATCH
7 Laura never went on school trips when she
3 Answer the questions. was young.
8 At the end of the trip, Claire’s students think
that science is interesting.

6 Match speakers (1-7) to the technical advances


(a-g).

1 What are the different 2 What did Bill and 1 2 3 4


Nobel Prizes? Laura use to do
before the invention
of the Internet?
5 6 7
AFTER YOU WATCH
4 Match the famous people (1-5) to the sentences
(a-g). Sometimes there is more than one answer.
a better public transport d faster travel
1 Michael Faraday 4 Humphry Davy b flying cars e micro robots
2 Alfred Nobel 5 Tim Berners-Lee c more things on the f warmer clothes
3 Nelson Mandela Internet g voice recognition
a He invented the Internet. 1 ... 2 ... 3 ... 4 ... 5 ... 6 ... 7 ...
b He won the Nobel Peace Prize.
c He discovered sodium.
d He discovered electromagnetic rotations.
NOW YOU!
e He invented dynamite. 7 Describe a famous scientist or inventor. What is
f He studied chemistry and physics at the Royal she or he famous for?
Institution.
g He was professor of chemistry at the Royal A famous inventor was Gutenberg. He…
Institution.
THAT’S ENGLISH! 19
Science: inventions

READING
1 Match the words in the box (1-4) to the kitchen appliances in the pictures (a-d).

1 vacuum cleaner 2 microwave oven 3 dishwasher 4 washing machine

a b c d

2 Read the text and list the appliances mentioned in activity 1.


10
Accidental Inventions his mouth, placed
it against the
We like to think that the great scientists,
handkerchief, and
mathematicians, engineers and inventors of
sucked. All the
history knew what they were doing. But this
dust was on his
hasn’t always been true. Many of the world’s
handkerchief. He
most important inventions are actually the result
had a brilliant idea.
of very lucky accidents!
He designed and
Did you know that an American engineer called built the first electric vacuum cleaner, which was
Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven? At the so successful that the King of England used it to
time he was trying to develop a machine for sending clean the carpets at Westminster Abbey before his
microwaves in order to detect the position of coronation in 1901.
aeroplanes. One day, while he was standing next to
Josephine Cochrane had no interest in being an
this machine, he noticed that the chocolate bar in his
inventor. She was a very rich American woman,
pocket was melting. The microwaves were cooking
and she often used to have large dinner parties.
his chocolate bar! Spencer’s company designed and
The problem with dinner parties, however, was that
manufactured the first microwave oven, and, only
her servants had to wash hundreds of dishes every
two years later, in January 1947, it was cooking hot
day – and they were very slow. Consequently, in
dogs in Grand Central Station in New York.
1886, she decided to design a kitchen appliance to
One day, while he was sitting in a restaurant, the clean the dishes. It was so useful that her friends
British designer Hubert Cecil Booth noticed that started to order dishwashers from her. Josephine
there was a lot of dust on the chair next to him. found a manufacturer and her dishwasher went
He placed his handkerchief on the chair, opened into production.

3 Match the kitchen appliances in activity 1 to the 5 Read the article again and answer the questions.
definitions.
1 What type of machine did Percy Spencer want
1 It sucks dust from carpets and rugs. to invent?
2 It warms up milk, melts butter or chocolate, 2 Where was Percy Spencer when he had the
and cooks food quickly. idea for the microwave?
3 It washes and cleans plates, cups and glasses. 3 Where was Hubert Booth when he had the
4 It cleans clothes, towels and handkerchiefs. idea for the vacuum cleaner?
4 How did Hubert Booth use a handkerchief to
4 Complete the sentences below with the words
clean a chair?
in bold in activity 3. Use the correct form.
5 What problem did Josephine Cochrane hope
1 There is a lot of ... on this cupboard. It’s very
to solve when she invented the dishwasher?
dirty. I must clean it.
6 Who were the first people to start using
2 When I have a cold, I use a ... to blow and clean
Josephine Cochrane’s invention?
my nose.
3 Susie has to ... her food when she gets home
from school.
4 At room temperature, ice cream ... .
20 THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Listen to the pronunciation of the -ed endings of
the regular verbs below. Put them in the correct Past simple and past continuous
11
column /d/, /t/, /ɪd/. - Se usa past simple para hablar de acciones
acabadas y past continuous para hablar de
/d/ /t/ /ɪd/ acciones en proceso en un momento concreto del
pasado.
Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven in the
1940s when he was trying to develop another machine.

- Se usa past simple cuando una acción interrumpe


11 Listen again and check your answers. Repeat otra que estaba en past continuous.
the verbs.
While the students were visiting the Faraday
museum, the fire alarm went off.
2 Answer the questions about the verbs in see page 116
activity 1. 5 Choose the correct form: past simple or past
1 Which of the verbs in the table have the same continuous.
number of syllables in their infinitive and their 1 Dr Philippe-Guy Woog invented / was inventing
past forms? the first electric toothbrush in Switzerland in
2 Which verbs end in a /d/ sound? 1954.
3 Which verbs end in a /t/ sound? 2 Konrad Zuse invented / was inventing one of
4 Which verbs end in an /ɪd/ sound? the first computers while he lived / was living
in his parents’ apartment in Germany in 1936.
3 Complete the table with the correct words. 3 In ancient times, people knew about electricity
Some of the words are in the article on page 20. but they didn’t understand / weren’t
understanding how it worked.
4 Benjamin Franklin was flying / flew a kite in a
noun verb profession storm when he made / was making important
discoveries about electricity.
science – 1 ...
mathematics – 2 ... 5 Professor Alexandre Horowitz worked / was
working for Philips laboratories in Holland
3 ... invent 4 ...
when he developed / was developing a new
design 5 ... 6 ...
type of electric razor.
7 ... engineer 8 ...
6 Complete the text with the correct past simple
manufacturing 9 ... 10 ...
or past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
11 ... produce 12 ...
Richard Trevithick (1) … (live) in the south-west of
England when he (2) … (design) and (3) … (build)
see page 117
the first train. It (4) … (make) its first journey in
4 Complete the sentences with some of the words 1804. Unfortunately for Trevithick, however, his
from the table. train (5) … (be) so heavy and so slow that it (6) …
1 Spencer Windows is a … . His company makes (not be) practical. Other inventors (7) … (start) to
windows. manufacture faster, lighter trains, and Trevithick
(8) … (not make) any money from his invention.
2 Kelly is a fashion … . She creates a new look in
He (9) … (live) in poverty when he (10) … (die).
clothes every spring.
3 Joe works in a laboratory. He wants to find
new medicines. He’s a … .
4 John Logie Baird was the … of the TV in the
1920s.
5 Jack is very good with numbers. He’s a … .

THAT’S ENGLISH! 21
Science: inventions
7 Look at the way of writing dates and years. 11 Listen to Matt and Fiona talking about how
Listen to the way of saying them. Which words things have changed since they were young.
12 13
can you hear but are not written? Write their names next to the object they
1 1st August 1845 describe.
2 6th January 1901 a record player ... a cassette player ...
3 22nd July 1963
12 Listen again. Answer the questions.
4 17th April 2007
5 30th December 2011 13 1 Matt had these kitchen appliances: ... .
a dishwasher and washing machine
8 Match the periods of time (1-4) to the years (a-d). b cooker and fridge
1 in the early 1800s 2 Matt’s TV was ... .
2 in the late nineteenth century a small and with few channels
b big and with lots of channels
3 in the late 1890s
4 about a hundred and thirty years ago 3 Fiona used to play her music ... .
a on the record player
a 1870 to 1900 b on the cassette player

b in 1884, 1885 or 1886 4 Fiona misses her ... .


c 1800 to 1820 a cassettes
b portable TV
d 1896 to 1899

9 Write the historical date below in three different


ways.
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone
in 1876.
13 Write five sentences about how technology has
Used to + verb and past simple changed in your life since you were young. Use
used to, the prompts below, and your own ideas.
Se usa used to + verb para hablar sobre hábitos y
estados pasados que ya no ocurren en el presente. 1 When I was young, people didn’t use to buy
Last year I used to clean the carpet every Monday. technological devices.
He used to be very creative when he was in his
twenties. 2 People didn’t …
Se usa past simple para hablar sobre acciones 3 They …
concretas en el pasado.
I cleaned the carpet yesterday. 4 I never … but nowadays, I …

see page 117


5…
6…
10 Write the verbs in brackets in past simple or the
correct form of used to.
14 In pairs, ask and answer questions to discover
1 … people … (listen) to the radio in the 1950s?
what appliances your partner’s family used to
2 In my childhood, people … (not / watch) colour use twenty years ago.
TV.
3 Jenny was washing the dishes when her
Did your family No, they always
friends … (come) round.
use to wash the washed the
4 Between 2007 and 2011, I … (drive) my car to dishes in the dishes by hand.
work every day. dishwasher?
5 I … (have) a big, old-fashioned vacuum cleaner,
but I don’t have it anymore.
6 We were living abroad when Matt … (lose) his
job.
22 THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
B Having a eureka moment!
9 Trevor’s invention has changed lives in … .
BEFORE YOU WATCH 10 Frank Whittle was … years old when he invented
the jet engine.
Documentary
1 When do you think the everyday objects below were Road trip
invented? How have they changed people’s lives?
4 Answer the questions.

1 How long did it


take Katy to drive
from Birmingham
to Ironbridge?
2 When was the first
the telephone the plane
iron bridge built?
3 What was the essential material for the
Industrial Revolution?
4 Which shops and workshops did they see in
Ironbridge and Blists Hill?
5 When was Ironbridge declared a World
the dishwasher the smartphone Heritage Site?
6 Where do they decide to go next?
Road trip
Same language, different lives
2 Look at the pictures of a heritage museum.
Answer the questions. 5 Match the speakers' countries (1-8) to the
inventions that they mention (a-h).
1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8
1 What period of history does the museum
celebrate?
2 What important inventions happened during
that time?
1 England a World Wide Web
2 England b bicycle
AFTER YOU WATCH 3 USA c television
4 Jamaica d canasol
Documentary 5 Canada e a vaccine
3 Complete the sentences with words from the 6 India f telephone
video. 7 South Africa g digit 0
8 Australia h basketball
1 A hundred years ago, we travelled by … and … .
2 The plane was invented in … . 1 ... 2 ... 3 ... 4 ... 5 ... 6 ... 7 ... 8 ...
3 Man walked on the Moon … years after the
invention of the plane. NOW YOU!
4 The first telephone was invented in … . 6 Which inventions have changed ordinary people’s
5 In 1886, Josephine Cochrane invented the … . lives in the last fifty years?
6 The inventor Trevor Baylis lives in … .
In my opinion, mobile phones
7 Trevor gets his ideas for inventions from … .
have changed our lives…
8 Trevor’s most important invention is … .

THAT’S ENGLISH! 23
Science: inventions

READING
1 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 When did you buy your first mobile phone?
2 What do you use it for nowadays?
3 How have mobile phones changed in the last 25 years?

2 Read the opinions about mobile phones. Which one most closely reflects your point of view?
1 Mobile phones have improved our lives and our behaviour in many ways.
2 Mobile phones have caused a change in our behaviour which is not so positive.
3 With the invention of the mobile phone, people nowadays are rude, loud and selfish.

3 Read the article. Which opinion from activity 2 most closely reflects the point of view of the writer?
14
Has the mobile phone changed us? what we do in our free time, how we feel. And, of
course, we don’t care that they are listening to us.
On New Year’s Day 1985, the popular comedian We have changed our behaviour in other ways.
Ernie Wise made Britain’s first mobile phone call. For example, we have all developed a new way
Since then, we have made billions of calls, sent of speaking especially on the mobile phone. It’s
billions of texts, and annoyed thousands of people louder than the voice we use when we are talking
on trains and buses. More recently, we have to someone who is sitting next to us. We send
started using our phones for surfing the Internet, tweets and texts all the time, commenting on
taking photos, making videos, and playing music. everything we are thinking about and everything
Our phones have taken control of our lives and we are looking at.
changed the way we behave.
Mobile phone technology is, of course, a
Thirty years ago, we never used to listen to the wonderful thing. It has improved the lives of
conversations of strangers. On public transport, people in Africa and Asia where the old telephone
people were silent. If they were with friends, they system was terrible. It has helped business people
spoke to them quietly. It was rude to listen to what who can now work when they are travelling. And
they were saying. But nowadays, it’s impossible it has changed the lives of teenagers who can now
not to take a bus or walk down the street without stay in touch with friends all the time. But there
overhearing one side of someone’s conversation. are drawbacks. We now live in a world of constant
Every day, we tell strangers what we do in our jobs, conversations and very few surprises.

4 Read the article again. Are the sentences true (3) or false (7)? Correct the false ones.
1 We don’t know who made the first mobile phone call in Britain.
2 People have always listened to other people’s conversations on trains.
3 These days, we aren’t happy when strangers listen to our phone conversations.
4 People speak louder on phones than they do in other situations.
5 The invention of the mobile phone has been a good thing for people in developing countries.

5 Match the highlighted words from the article to the correct synonym.

1 We don’t care! 4 It’s changed our behaviour.


a We aren’t interested. a It’s changed how we think.
b We don’t complain. b It’s changed the way we do things.
2 They’re rude and loud! 5 I overheard a conversation.
a They’re polite and quiet. a I listened to a conversation by accident.
b They’re impolite and noisy. b I had a conversation with somebody.
3 Let’s stay in touch. 6 There are some drawbacks.
a Let’s write and call often. a There are some advantages.
b Let’s never write or call. b There are some disadvantages.
24 THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
LANGUAGE STUDY
1 We can show contrast by stressing different
words in a sentence. Look at the words in blue. Past simple and present perfect
Match 1-3 to a-c.
Se usa present perfect para hablar sobre una acción
1 Paul used my phone. que comenzó en el pasado y tiene relación con el
presente.
2 Paul used my phone. Mobile phone technology has changed the lives of
3 Paul used my phone. teenagers.
I have never been to Italy.
a He didn’t use my iPad.
Se usa past simple para hablar sobre una acción
b Sally didn’t use it. acabada en el pasado.
c He didn’t use Tom’s. On New Year’s Day 1985, Ernie Wise made
Britain’s first mobile phone call.

Listen and check your answers. I went to Italy in 1997.


15
see page 117
2 Read the advertisements for two appliances.
Which one is the most expensive? 5 Choose the correct verb tense.
1 Last year, I bought / have bought a new tablet.
1 Buy the new, up-to-date Ice800 refrigerator.
2 Jo sent / has already sent six tweets today.
It comes in a fantastic silver
colour. It’s also very long lasting 3 What time did Joe leave / has Joe left yesterday?
and reliable. You will still have it 4 Sarah changed / has changed her TV. I like her
thirty years from now! And it’s new one.
only 400 euros! 6 Complete the text with the correct past simple
or present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
2 The new Spin900 washing machine is very
easy-to-use. Everybody in the family can I love trains. I (1) … (visit) most of the great cities
wash their clothes quickly and of Europe by train, and, once, I (2) … (travel) on the
easily. It’s very efficient and Orient Express. Last week, I (3) … (take) the train
from London to Cardiff. The train to Cardiff (4) …
eco-friendly so you don’t use a lot (be) very crowded. Though the train company (5) …
of water! The perfect wash every (increase) the number of trains in recent years, they
time! And it costs 250 euros. are always full of people. I (6) … (not notice) any
improvement. Anyway, I (7) … (sit) next to a young
man. He (8) … (not talk) to me. He (9) … (start) to
3 Match the adjectives in bold in activity 2 to the listen to music on his MP3 so I (10) … (watch) the
programmed film until we got to Cardiff.
definitions below.

1 You can use it for many years. 7 Listen to Ray talking about his favourite
invention and complete the extract with the
2 It isn’t difficult to operate it. 16
missing words.
3 It will not break down or have problems.
My hearing aid is really important for me. I use it to
4 It’s very modern and has new technology. have conversations with (1) … , and to listen to the
5 It’s not harmful to the environment. radio and (2) … . I’ve had a hearing aid all my life, but
I’ve only had this new one (3) … . I bought it in (4) …
6 It uses power and energy in a good way. because it is the best hearing aid on the market. It’s
(5) … and very powerful. When I was young, I used
to have a (6) … hearing aid. But this hearing aid is (7)
4 Describe two appliances from your kitchen with … . You can’t see it. It’s important to me because I can
the adjectives in activity 3. Choose from the have a normal, busy life when I’m using it.
appliances below.
8 Write a blog entry (100-120 words) about your
1 your cooker favourite invention. Use activity 7 as a model.
2 your dishwasher 3 your microwave
My favourite invention is… I’ve had it for…
It was a present from… Before I got it, I used
to… I bought it from… because…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 25
Science: inventions

CONSOLIDATION
1 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

Sir Isaac Newton Thomas A. Edison John Pemberton Alessandro Volta Mary Phelps Jacob
1 What do you know about these famous scientists and inventors?
2 What do you know about their inventions and discoveries?
2 Read the quiz. Choose the correct answer.

HISTORY OF INVENTIONS QUIZ 5 Mary Phelps Jacob was an American


publisher who spent many years in Paris
1 Thomas Alva Edison was an American but she’s better known for inventing an item
inventor who developed a lot of different of clothing. What did she invent?
things, including a film camera and a
a the brassiere (the bra)
microphone. But which of the following did
b the belt c rubber boots
he not invent?
a a type of light bulb
b a type of radio c a type of record player 6 In 1886, John Pemberton invented Coca-Cola.
However, when he made it, he wasn’t trying
to develop a soft drink. What was he trying
2 While he was sitting under a tree, a type of to invent?
fruit fell on the head of the great scientist
a washing up liquid
Sir Isaac Newton. It gave him a brilliant idea.
b an alcoholic drink c medicine
He suddenly understood that there was a
natural force which caused objects to fall
down to earth. He called the force ‘gravity’. 7 The Chinese invented printing over a
But what type of fruit fell on his head? thousand years ago. However, in Europe,
a an orange b a pear c an apple a German businessman called Johannes
Gutenberg designed and built the first
printing press. It changed the history of
3 Alessandro Volta, Georg Ohm and André- Europe. In which century did he invent the
Marie Ampère all played important parts in printing press?
our understanding of a well-known type of a the fourteenth century
energy. Which type of energy? b the fifteenth century
a electricity b steam c gas c the sixteenth century

4 The first cars appeared in Germany in the 1880s. 8 James Naismith was a PE teacher
Although they weren’t working together, two who invented a new sport in 1891. He
different engineers invented the car at about was Canadian but he was working in
the same time. Who were they? Massachusetts when he decided to
a Gottfried Daimler and Karl Benz introduce a game that students could play
b Franz Mercedes and Wolfgang indoors during the cold winters. Which
Volkswagen sport did he invent?
c Ferdinand Porsche and August Audi a volleyball b basketball c hockey

Now, check your answers below, and find out how many you got right. Which answers surprised you?
Answers: 1b, 2c, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6c, 7b, 8b

26 THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
3 Which of the following did women invent? Use your general knowledge or guess.

17

Kevlar

the birth control pill the calculator

the circular saw


the sewing machine liquid paper

4 Listen to an interview. Which of the inventions 6 Design your own Inventions Quiz. Use the
in activity 3 did women invent? question starters below to help you.
17
Who invented / designed / built… ?
5 Listen again. Choose the correct answer. Where did they invent… ?
17 1 What is Judith’s book about? Who was the first… to invent… ?
a Well-known inventions such as the sewing In which year / decade / century did… invent…?
machine.
What did… invent?
b Famous women who invented things.
c Less well known women who invented
things. When you have written your questions, ask
2 What does Judith say about the woman who your partner.
invented the circular saw?
a She used to work on a farm. Who invented the Oh, let me think. I know,
b She lived in a special type of community. X-Ray? it was Marie Curie!
c She invented it for men.
a) Guglielmo
3 We use Kevlar ... . Marconi
a only in protective clothing b) Marie Curie
b in building boats c) Thomas Edison
c in many everyday objects
4 Betty Nesmith Graham invented liquid
paper ... .
a at home
b for IBM
c to help her famous son

THAT’S ENGLISH! 27
SELF TEST UNIT 2
1 Make nouns for professions from these words. 5 Complete the sentences with the past simple or
1 science 3 manufacture 5 invent the correct form of used to.
2 engine 4 design 1 Samuel Colt was born in 1814 and … (die) in
1862.
2 Match the following descriptions to the 2 During his childhood, he … (not play) with
professions in 1. toys, but with guns.
1 Sally loves physics and chemistry and wants 3 He … (practise) shooting every day until his
to be a … . father decided it was a waste of money.
2 Tom has brilliant ideas and thinks of new 4 When he … (grow up), he … (invent) a new
things. He’s an … . type of gun, the colt.
3 Emma has new ideas for clothes. She’s a 6 Choose the correct verb or word.
fashion … .
4 Susan helps build planes. She understands Trevor Baylis is an English inventor who
(1) invented / has invented many things in his
how they work. She’s an … .
long life. In 1989, he (2) built / has built the first
5 Darren owns a company and makes products. wind-up radio in his workshop at home. It’s a
He’s a … . radio that works without batteries or electricity.
It has (3) already / yet become very popular in
3 Read about Igor Sikorsky and the first Africa because many people there don’t have
helicopters. Match the phrases in the text (1-6) electricity. However, it hasn’t become popular in
to the years in the box below (a-f). Europe (4) still / yet. Baylis (5) won / has won a
lot of awards for his famous invention. In recent
Igor Sikorsky was born in Ukraine in (1) the late years, he (6) designed / has designed a pair of
electric shoes and he (7) started / has started
nineteenth century and died in Connecticut in
a foundation to help new inventors. He has
the USA in (2) the late twentieth century. He (8) just / still published a new book.
emigrated to the United States in (3) the late
1910s and started his own aircraft company 7 Listen to an interview with Professor Amy White.
in (4) the early 1920s. In (5) the late 1930s, Tick (3) the six things that she has helped to invent.
he designed the first American helicopter, 18

the VS-300, and, in (6) the early 1940s, he credit cards phone cards CD covers
manufactured the first mass-produced laptops DVD boxes radios pens cameras
helicopter, the R-4. mobile phones electronic calculators

a 1942 c 1939 e 1919 8 Listen again to Professor Amy White. Choose


b 1889 d 1923 f 1972 true (3) or false (7). Correct the false ones.
18
1 She has worked with other people.
4 Complete the sentences with the past simple or 2 She started work at New Ideas in the late 1990s.
past continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 3 She was working for International Plastics in
1 While the three-year-old Louis Braille (1809- 2001.
1852) … (play) in his father’s workshop, he 4 She designed a new type of pen while she was
… (have) an accident, and … (become) blind. working for Plastic World.
Later in life, Braille … (invent) a system of 5 Her company didn’t use to work in electronics
reading for blind people. until recently.
2 Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806-1859) … (be) 6 She has already started developing a new type
a great engineer who … (build) bridges, ships of laptop.
and railways. 9 Think about an invention that was a bad idea
3 Marie Curie (1867-1934) was Polish but she and explain why. Perhaps it killed people or
… (work) in her laboratory in Paris when she destroyed the environment. Use the following
… (make) her greatest discoveries. She … questions as a guide.
(discover) radium, but she … (not invent) the
1 Which invention was a bad idea? Why?
atomic bomb.
2 Who invented it? When? Where? Why?
3 What happened because of its invention?

28 THAT’S ENGLISH!

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