QUARTER 2

LO 2: CONFIGURE NETWORK
SERVICES
SELF- LEARNING MODULE 4
Understanding IP address
Writer: Ms. Virgie Alfaras Baylon
Reviewer: Mr. Cyrus N. Caruz
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the (Computer System Servicing(CSS) Grade-12) Self Learning Module

on (Understanding Internet Protocol Address ( IP address)) !
This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 EXPECT AT ION

After completing the lesson the learners should be able:

1. understand IP address;
2. identify two types of IP address; and
3. differentiate the difference between static and Dynamic IP address

PRET EST

Directions: Read each statement below. Identify if the following statement is Static
or Dynamic IP address. Write your answer on the space provided before each
number.

_______ 1. Assigned to a specific device and remains constant over time.

_______ 2. Automatic configuration.
_______ 3. Easy file transfers.
_______ 4. Limited remote access.
_______ 5. Potential security weaknesses.
_______ 6. Less accurate geolocation.
_______ 7. More downtime
_______ 8. Complex setup.
_______ 9. Assigned by the network and have changes periodically.
_______ 10. Simplify the process of hosting your own web, email, or (FTP) server.

RECAP

Directions: Discuss the difference between Peer to Peer and Client Server Network.

Activity:
1. Peer to Peer 2. Client Server Network

https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/mastering-c-game https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Illustration-of-a-client-server-network_fig
 LESSON

INTRODUCTION:

IP addresses is a series of numbers that allow devices to communicate with each

other. Every device connected to a network is given a unique number called an
Internet Protocol (IP) address. This identifies devices on the internet and allows
them to communicate. The most common type of IP address consists of four series
of numbers broken up by periods.

Example: 192.168.100.1

Two types of IP addresses:

1. Static IP Address?

A static IP address is assigned to a specific device and remains constant over

time
Static IP Pros: advantage

 Simple server hosting. Simplify the process of hosting your own web,
email, or File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server.
 Convenient remote access. Allow employees to work remotely
because your VPN (Virtual Private Network) or other remote access
option remembers and trusts your IP address.
 Reliable communication. Communicate hassle-free over Voice over
Internet Protocol (VoIP) and other digital voice services.
 Easy file transfers. Send and receive data quickly with faster upload
and download speeds.

Static IP Cons: disadvantage

 Potential security weaknesses. Put additional security measures like

firewalls in place, because a constant IP address could give hackers
time to attack your network.
 Cost Be prepared to pay extra for a static IP. They aren’t included in
most internet plans. Using a static IP for hosting servers means your
server would be on constantly, adding another cost.
 Complex setup. Look for an Internet Service Provider (ISP) that offers
the support needed to manually configure devices with a static IP.
Business ISPs typically offer more support than consumer ISPs.

2. Dynamic IP Address?

A dynamic IP address is assigned by the network when you connect and

changes periodically.
Dynamic IP Pros: advantages

 Automatic configuration. Spend less time and money on maintenance

because most devices are configured to grab an available IP address
automatically.
 No additional fees. Save money by choosing dynamic IPs, which don’t
cost you anything on top of your internet plan.
 Unlimited devices. Use several devices without needing to disconnect
and free up IP addresses or manually configure each new device in the
office.

Dynamic IP Cons: disadvantage

 More downtime. Understand you could get kicked off your connection, a
critical part of hosting servers or websites and VoIP services.
 Less accurate geolocation. Determine whether or not geolocation is
important to your business as it could be less accurate.
 Limited remote access. Have your employees spend more time in the
office as remote access can be challenging and less secure.

Internet Protocol 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol 6 (IPv6)

IPv4 address is a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a network interface on a

machine. An IPv4 address is typically written in decimal digits, formatted as four 8-
bit fields that are separated by periods. Each 8-bit field represents a byte of
the IPv4 address.

IPv6 is a 128-Bit IP address. IPv4 is a numeric addressing method whereas IPv6 is

an alphanumeric addressing method.

IPv4 offers 12 header fields whereas IPv6 offers 8 header fields. IPv4 supports
broadcast whereas IPv6 doesn't support broadcast.

What is TCP/IP

 TCP/IP is a set of protocol develop to allow cooperating computers to share

resources across a network,
 TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol
 IP stands for Internet Protocol

The most well known network that adopted TCP/IP is Internet. The biggest WAN in
the world. TCP/IP defines five classes of IP addresses: class A, B, C, D, and E.
Each class has a range of valid IP addresses. The value of the first octet determines
the class. IP addresses from the first three classes (A, B and C) can be used for
host addresses.

Class E Address

This IP Class is reserved for experimental purposes only or Study. IP addresses in

this class ranges from 240.0. 0.0 to 255.255. 255.254.
IP address classes and range
Class Leading Network Remaining Number Host Default
Bits Bits Bits of per Subnet
Networks Network Mask
Class A 0xxx (1-126) 8 24 128 16,777,214 255.0.0.0
Class B 10xx(128-191) 16 16 16,384 65,534 255.255.0.0
Class C 110x(192- 24 8 2,097,152 254 255.255.255.0
223)
Class D 1110(224- Not defined Not defined Not defined Not defined Not defined
(multicast) 239)
Class E 1111(240- Not defined Not defined Not defined Not defined Not defined
(reserved) 254)
The 127.0.0.0/8 network is reserved as a loopback address

Class Address range

Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254

Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254

Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254

Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

The IP address is usually combined with a subnet mask.

• IP Address – 192.168.1.165

Every device needs a unique IP address

• Subnet Mask – 255.255.255.0

Used by the local workstation to determine the subnet it belongs to.

The subnet mask is not usually transmitted across the network

It is the subnet mask that helps turn the IP address into something more than a
simple identifier. The subnet mask allows you to separate out the two pieces of the
IP address into a network ID and a host ID

• The IP address isn’t really a single address

• An IP address is a combination of a network ID and a host ID

The subnet mask determines what part of the IP address is the network and which
part is the host.

IPv4 addresses

Internet Protocol version 4

• OSI layer 3 address
192 168 1 131
• 32-bit addresses 11000000 10101000 00000001 10000011
• the maximum decimal value for
8 bits = 1 byte = 1 octet
each byte is 255 32 bits = 4 bytes
IPv6 addresses

-An update of IPv4

-128-bit addresses

-IPv6 have approximately 340 undecillion addresses

Writing out the entire IPV6 address is not easy because of its’ length. But there are
ways on how to abbreviate and compress this address down to smaller size that will
make easier for us to manage.

IPv6 COMPRESSION

fe80:0000:0000:0000:cabc:c800:00a7:08d5
Ways to abbreviate and compress IPv6 address down to smaller size:

• Remove all the leading zeros

• Abbreviate groups of zeros with double colons

fe80: : cabc : c800 : a7 : 8d5

fe80 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : cabc : c800 : 00a7 : 08d5

 ACT IVIT IES

A. Abbreviate and compress IPv6 address down to smaller size:

1. 2600:DDDD:1111:0001:0000:0000:0000:0001

Answer:

2. 2601:04C3:4002:BE00:0000:0000:0000:0066

Answer:

B. Give the IP class of the following IP address

1. 17.22.90.7
2. 220.10.77.40
3. 165.254.0.1
4. 128.90.10.2
5. 191.77.24.250

WR AP UP

Every device needs a unique IP address. It is a series of numbers that allow

devices to communicate with each other. Every device connected to a network is
given a unique number called an Internet Protocol (IP) address. This identifies
devices on the internet and allows them to communicate. The most common
type of IP address consists of four series of numbers broken up by periods.
Example: 66.216.170.51.

There are two types of IP addresses: static and dynamic IP. Static IP addresses
remain constant, while dynamic IPs change periodically. A static IP address is
assigned to a specific device and remains constant over time. A dynamic IP
address is assigned by the network when you connect and changes
periodically. There are two kinds of IP address used in networking. the IPv4
address is a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a network interface on a
machine. IPv6 is a 128-Bit IP address. IPv4 is a numeric addressing method
whereas IPv6 is an alphanumeric addressing method. The IPv4 offers 12 header
fields whereas IPv6 offers 8 header fields. The IPv4 supports broadcast
whereas IPv6 doesn't support broadcast.
 VALUI NG

What is the importance of IP address in networking? Why you should give an IP

address to devices connected on a network? Explain in at least 5 sentences.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POST T EST

Multiple choice

Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is a series of numbers that allow devices to communicate with each other.

A. IP address C. Static
B. Dynamic D. Peer to Peer
2. It is an IP address that is assigned by the network and change periodically
A. IP address C. Server
B. Dynamic D. Static
3. It is a set of protocol develop to allow cooperating computers to share
resources across a network.
A. IP range C. IP class
B. TCP/IP D. TCP
4. It is a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a network interface on a
machine
A. IPv6 address C. IPv4 address
B. IP address D. IP class
5. It is a 128-bit address, It is an alphanumeric addressing method
A. IPv6 address C. IPv4 address
B. IP address D. IP class
 K EY T O CORRECT ION

Pre-test Post Activity Recap

test
1. Static A. 1. Peer to Peer 2. Domain or client
2. Dynamic 1. a 1. 2600:DDDD:1111:1::1 workgroup /server
3. Static 2. b 2. 2601:4C3:4002:BE00::66 network is a network, there is
4. Dynamic 3. b B. collection of an administrative
5. Static 4. c 1. Class A computers that grouping of
6. Dynamic 5. a 2. Class C are part of the multiple
7. Dynamic 3. Class B
8. Static same network. private computers
4. Class B
9. Dynamic All the networks or hosts
5. Class B
10. Static computers are within the same
peers and do not infrastructure.
have control over
another
computer.

R E F E R E N CE S

Online Sites:
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Images

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