TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION
Staad Pro interface 2

II. PROJECT OVERVIEW

Floor plan 5
Elevation 8

III. DESIGN PARAMETERS AND CONSTANTS

NSCP code requirements for wind application design 8
Low-Rise buildings (Simplified) 10
Adjustment factors 12
Wind load calculation 13
Wind load coefficient tables 14
Purlins design inputs 16
Truss load design inputs 20

IV. DESIGN OF PURLINS IN STAAD PRO

Creating new model 21
Adding and assigning section 24
Assigning of support 25
Defining of load combination 26
Design and analysis of purlins 27

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Checking of postprocess results 28

V. DESIGN OF TRUSS IN STAAD PRO

Modeling
Assigning of loads
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Design and analysis of purlins 32
Checking of postprocess results 33

VI. DESIGN OF MAIN STRUCTURE

Structure modeling 34
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Creating and assigning specifications 37

Model management 40
Assigning of load 41
Creating and assigning of floor diaphragm 42
Creating and assigning of load definition & combinations 43
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Drift limit computation 45

Base shear check and calculation 47
Design and analysis of concrete design 48
VII. REINFORCED DESIGN USING RCDC
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Opening project in RCDC 53

Grouping of members 54
Setting parameters 55
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Loadings 56
Design and analysis 57
Output production 58
Saving of drawings 59
Beam design 60
Slab design 61
Final drawing 62

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 STAAD.Pro

I. INTRODUCTION
Formerly, the analysis and design of structures has been a very extensive work
that can take you hours, days, or months of calculations the most experienced
designer. Such a feat has now been reduced in time, by the help of computer
programs specializing in the design and structural analysis. There are software
packages that allow you to perform such work, such as STAAD.Pro, SAP 200, ETABS,
Tricalc, RISA, among others. Being the STAAD.Pro program, one of the most widely used
by structural engineers.

About STAAD.Pro (STructural Analysis and Design)

STAAD.Pro is general purpose program for structural analysis and design
with applications primarily in the building industry – commercial buildings, bridges
and structures, industrial structures, structures for chemical plants, dams, retaining
walls, foundations of turbines, sewers and other embedded structures, etc.
Therefore, the program consists of the following means for this task.

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1. Utilities for generating graphical model and based text editor commands to
create the mathematical model. Members of the beam and column are
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represented by lines. Panel type entities, slabs and walls are represented by
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triangular and rectangular finite elements. Blocks are represented using solid
brick elements. These utilities allow you to create the geometry, assign properties,
target cross sections as you wish, assign materials like steel, concrete, wood,
aluminium, specify supports, apply loads explicitly and have the program
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generate loads, design parameters etc.

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2. Analysis engine to perform linear elastic analysis of PDELTA, finite element

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analysis, extraction and dynamic response frequency (spectrum, time history,

steady state, etc.).
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3. Engine design for code verification and optimization of the members of steel,
aluminium and wood. Calculations of reinforcement for concrete beams,
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columns, slabs and shear walls. Design of shear and moment connections for
steel members.

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 4. Result visualization tools generation and verification result report to examine
patterns of displacement, bending moment and shear force diagrams, beam,
plate and solid efforts contours.

5. Peripheral tools for activities such as import and export data to and from other
widely accepted formats, links to other popular programs for niche areas such as
the design of slabs of reinforcement and prestressed concrete, foundation
design, steel connection design, etc.

6. A library of functions exposed OpenSTAAD call that allows you to access internal
functions and routines STAAD.Pro and their graphics to access the database and
link STAAD input and output third command software written using languages
such as C, C + +, VB, VBA, FORTRAN, Java, Delphi, etc. .. So, can OpenSTAAD
used to link internal or third-party applications with STAAD.Pro.

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CECOMP1
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 A. Menu Bar
Located at the top of the screen, the menu bar provides access to all
commands STAAD.Pro.

B. Tool Bar
The dockable toolbar provides access to the most frequently used
commands can also create your own customized toolbar.

C. Control Page
Control page is a set of tabs on the left side of the screen. Each tab in the
Control page allows you to perform specific tasks. The pages are arranged from
top to bottom, represents the logical sequence of operations, such as defining
beams, specification of member properties, loading and so on. Each tab has a
name and an icon for easy identification. The name of the cards may or may
not appear depending on your screen resolution and window size of STAAD.Pro.
However, the icons always appear in the tabs Control page. The pages in the
area of control of the page depend on the operating mode. The operating
mode can be set from the mode menu bar.

D. Main Window
This is the largest area in the center of the screen, where the drawings and
model results are shown in pictorial form.

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The right side of the screen is called the Data Area. Where different dialogues,
tables, list boxes, etc. appears depending on the type of operation being
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performed. For example, when you select Geometry l Page Beam the data area
contains the node-coordinate member-incidence and ironing board. When
you’re in Load Page the content of the changes in the data areas shows the
load cases assigned currently and icons for different types of loads. The icons in
the toolbar and the area of Page Control ToolTip offer help. As we move the
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mouse over a button, the button name appears – called a ToolTip – above or
below the button. This helps identify the floating Tooltip icon. A brief description
of the icon also appears in the status bar.
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II. PROJECT OVERVIEW

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 GROUND FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

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SECOND FLOOR FRAMING PLAN

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 ROOF BEAM FRAMING PLAN

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III. DESIGN PARAMETERS AND CONSTANTS

DEAD LOAD
SELFWEIGHT = generated by STAAD

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GI SHEET = 0.05 Kpa
PURLINS =J 0.10 Kpa
INSULATION SHEET = 0.05 Kpa
TOP CHORD LOAD = 0.20 Kpa
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MEP = 0.15 Kpa
CEILING = 0.10 Kpa
BOTTOM CHORD LOAD = 0.25 Kpa
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LIVE LOAD
ROOF LIVE = 0.60 Kpa

WIND LOAD
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STANDARD OCCUPANCY
VELOCITY = 250.00 Kph
EXPOSURE = B
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HEIGHT = 8.40 m
Kzt = 1.00
Span (L) = 16.70 m
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Roof Angle = 10.00 deg.

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Simplified calculation of wind load for low rise buildings

• Buildings with h ≤ 18 m

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 • Low rise building (defined @ Sec. 207.A.2)

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Calculation of width of pressure coefficient zone (a)

a = 10% of least horizontal dimension or 0.4h, whichever is smaller, but not less
than either 4% of least horizontal dimension or 0.9 m.

therefore:
a = 0.10 x 19.5 = 1.95 m or
a = 0.40 x 8.40 = 3.36 m
but either not less than 0.04(19.5) = 0.78 m or 0.9 m

use a = 1.95 m

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Wind pressure diagram for Wind Load Calculation for MWFRS
Case A – wind force is normal to ridge
Case B – wind force is parallel to ridge
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Adjustment factor for building height and exposure,

Roof mean height: 8.4 m

Consider λ it is impractical to use interpolation because for exposure B from 0 – 9 m

mean height is 1.0, therefore use:
λ = 1.00

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 Wind load calculation for C&Cs for purlins Design

Net Pressure formula:

Pnet = (λ)(Kzt)(pnet9) (207E .5 – 1)

Purlins effective area calculation,

L= 3.0 m (least purlin span of truss spacing , considered smallest span)

W= 0.6 m or not smaller than;
1/3 of span, 3.0 = 1.0 m
Thus, use: W = 1.00

Purlins effective area = 3.0 x 1.0 = 3.0 m2, use category 2.0 m2

pnet9 (KN/m2)
ROOF
l Kzt ZONE OVERHANG REMARKS
1 2 3 2 3
1.09 1.09 1.09 - - direct pressure ↓
1 1.00 - - - -

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-1.85 uplift pressure ↑
3.04 4.57 4.19 4.71

PURLIN
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pnet = READY INPUT TO STAAD (KN/m)
ROOF
ZONE REMARKS
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SPACING (m) OVERHANG
1 2 3 2 3
0.65 0.65 0.65 - - direct pressure ↓
0.6 - - - -
-1.11 uplift pressure ↑
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1.82 2.74 2.51 2.83

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PURLINS DESIGN
STAAD INPUT LOADS:
DEAD LOAD = (0.05(G.I.S.) + 0.05(I.S.)) X 0.80
DEAD LOAD = 0.10 X 0.80 = 0.08 KN/m
LIVE LOAD = 0.60 X 0.80 = 0.48 KN/m

LC TABLE 1 - PRIMARY LOAD CASE NAME

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1 DL1 Dead Load - Selfweight + Superimposed Dead Load

2 LLR1 Roof Live Load

3 WL1
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Wind Load - Direct Action
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4 WL2 Wind Load - Uplift Action

LC TABLE 2 - DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION - LRFD

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101 1.4DL1

102 1.2DL1 + 1.6LLR1

103 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL1
104 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL2
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105 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL1

106 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL2
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TABLE 3 - SERVICE LOAD COMBINATION - FOR VERTICAL

LC
DEFLECTION CHECK
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201 1.0DL1 + 1.0LLR1

SEE MODEL : 1. PURLINS.STD

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Wind load calculation for C&Cs for Truss Design

Net Pressure formula:

Pnet = (λ)(Kzt)(pnet9) (207E .5 – 1)

Truss effective area calculation,

L = 19.5 + 1.2 m (overhang length) x 2 = 21.90 m

W = 3.00 m or not smaller than;
1/3 of span, 19.50 = 6.5 m
Thus, use: W = 6.50 m

Truss effective area = 21.90 x 6.50 = 142.35 m2, use category 9.50 m2

pnet (KN/m2)
l Kzt ZONE ROOF OVERHANG REMARKS
1 2 3 2 3
direct
0.85 0.85 0.85 - - ↓
pressure
1.00 1.00

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- - uplift
-3.83 -4.19 -4.71 ↑
1.72 2.44 J pressure

READY INPUT TO STAAD (KN/m)

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TRUSS
SPACING ZONE ROOF OVERHANG REMARKS
(m)
1 2 3 2 3
direct
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2.55 2.55 2.55 - - ↓

pressure
3.00
- - uplift
-11.49 -12.57 -14.13 ↑
5.16 7.32 pressure
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TRUSS LOADS
STAAD INPUT LOADS:
DEAD LOAD
TOP CHORD LOAD = 0.20 X 3.00 = 0.60 KN/m
BOTTOM CHORD LOAD = 0.25 X 3.00 = 0.75 KN/m
LIVE LOAD
ROOF LIVE LOAD = 0.60 X 3.00 = 1.80 KN/m

2
LC
DL1

LLR1
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TABLE 1 - PRIMARY LOAD CASE NAME
Dead Load - Selfweight + Superimposed Dead Load
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Roof Live Load
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3 WL1 Wind Load - Direct Action

4 WL2 Wind Load - Uplift Action

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LC TABLE 2 - DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION - LRFD

101 1.4DL1
102 1.2DL1 + 1.6LLR1
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103 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL1

104 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL2

105 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL1

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106 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL2

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TABLE 3 - SERVICE LOAD COMBINATION - FOR VERTICAL

LC
DEFLECTION CHECK
201 1.0DL1 + 1.0LLR1
SEE MODEL : 2. TRUSS.STD

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IV. DESIGN OF PURLINS IN STAAD PRO

1. CREATE NEW FOLDER (STAAD WORKSHOP)

2. OPEN STAAD.Pro ICON (double click)
3. CREATE NEW PROJECT

CLICK TO CREATE NEW MODEL

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4. SETTING UP OF FILE NAME AND FILE LOCATION
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Click to find file saving location

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5. Input first node X, Y, Z coordinates

Input X,Y,Z
coordinates

Node

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6. Using Translational repeat icon to model faster the purlins

- use icon or Menu bar (Geometry > Translational Repeat)

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Translational repeat icon

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7. Assigning of Property to the model

- Since the Purlin to be used is not available on the section database of STAAD
we create new section using: User table > Add New Property > (drag button to
channel) > OK

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- Add property, input (Section Name = C150), (D = 0.15), (Tf = 0.0015), (Wf =
0.075), (Tw = 0.0015) > Calculate > OK
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8. Adding and Assigning Section

- click section added > select section to be added > click assign > OK

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9. Assigning angle of rotation for section if any
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- Beta angle > Create Beta Angle > input 10 deg. Angle of roof > OK
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- Assign
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10. Assigning of support

- create support then assign

11. Assigning of loads

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- Add Dead, Live and Wind load cases
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 - Define Load combination

-
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Add design loads for each case load
REFER to Purlins design load computed O
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- Assign loads to members
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12. Design and analysis of purlins

- set code (ACI 360-10) then,

1. SELECT PARAMETERS – select parameters to be customized

2. DEFINE PARAMETERS – edit and input values of parameters selected and assign

- Method LRFD

- FYLD 248000

- LX 1 , LY 1

3. COMMANDS – choose designs

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1 2 3
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- After setting of design codes and commands we are now ready to RUN
ANALYSIS (Cltr+F5)
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- Wait for analysis to finish

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13. After analysis, check in the postprocessing UTILITY CHECK

Utility check allowable ratio to be safe is 1.00 if it is more than the designer should
do the necessary adjustments.

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- Based on the utilization ratio it is found out on the checking that the highest
ratio is 0.709 which is lower than the allowable ratio = 1.00, therefore safe.
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DEFLECTION CHECK (from IBC 2012): Node - Displacements

- Wind load (WL2) = L / 180

- Live Load (LL) = L / 180
- Dead Load + Live Load (DL + LL) = L / 120
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V. DESIGN OF TRUSS IN STAAD PRO
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TRUSS ELEVATION DRAWING

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1. STEPS ON PURLINS DESIGN FROM 1 TO 11 ARE THE SAME FOR TRUSS MODELING
AND LOADING
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2. Assigning of specifications for truss

- we create and assign partial moment release for web members of truss

- MP = 0.99 for start and end

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 3. Assigning of loads

- Add dead, Live and Wind load cases

DL1, LLR1, WL1, WL2

- Define Load combination

101 : 1.4DL1
102 : 1.2DL1 + 1.6LLR1
103 : 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL1
103 : 1.2DL1 + 0.5LLR1 + 1.0WL2
104 : 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL1
106 : 0.9DL1 + 1.0WL2
201 : 1.0DL1 + 1.0LLR1
202 : 1.0DL1 + 0.75LLR1 + 0.6WL1
203 : 1.0DL1 + 0.75LLR1 + 0.6WL2
204 : 1.0DL1 + 0.6WL1
205 : 1.0DL1 + 0.6WL2

- Add design loads for each case load

- REFER to Truss design load computed

- Assign loads to members

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 4. Design and analysis of purlins

- set code (ACI 360-10) then,

a. SELECT PARAMETERS – select parameters to be customized

b. DEFINE PARAMETERS – edit and input values of parameters selected

and assign

- Method LRFD

- FYLD 248000

- set LZ & LY

- check code

- steel take off

c. COMMANDS – choose designs

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▪ After setting of design codes and commands we are now

ready to RUN ANALYSIS (Cltr+F5)
▪ Wait for analysis to finish
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 5. After analysis, check in the postprocessing UTILITY CHECK

- Utility check allowable ratio to be safe is 1.00 if it is more than the

designer should do the necessary adjustments.

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Based on the utilization ratio it is found out on the checking that
the highest ratio is 0.844 which is lower than the allowable ratio
= 1.00, therefore safe.
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VI. DESIGN OF MAIN STRUCTURE

1. Create new folder (staad workshop)

2. Open staad.pro icon (double click)
3. Create new project

CLICK TO CREATE NEW MODEL

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4. Setting up of file name and file location
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Click to find file saving location

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 5. Input first node X, Y, Z coordinates

3 modes of modeling in staad

o Using DATA INPUT ( x, y , z)

o Using Staad Editor together with Microsoft excel
o By import from other programs (ex. Autocad)

Input X,Y,Z
coordinates

Node

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6. Using Translational repeat icon to model faster the purlins
- use icon or Menu bar (Geometry > Translational Repeat)
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Translational repeat icon

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 7. Adding of Property to the model

- follow instructions by : Define > Rectangle > (set dimensions) > Add

1
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8. Adding and Assigning Section

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- click section added > select section to be added > click assign > OK
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 9. Creating and Assigning Specifications

- input specifications of the property

- Assign to corresponding properties
- Reduction factor for moment of Inertia is used to reduce the bending stiffness of
concrete columns per ACI 318-14 Table 6.6.3.1.1(a) (ACI 318-11 Section 10.10.4.1)
- the values are given by the code to be 0.70 & 0.35

10. Assigning of support

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- create support then assign to corresponding nodes
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 - Using translational repeat to complete the model

- refer to framing plan

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Complete frame

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1.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – FULL STRUCTURE W/ PROPERTIES AND SPECS
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 - Adding and assigning of moment release

- 2.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ SPECS RELEASE

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which moments are needed to release.
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Moment release are needed to define in the model specially on beams

This command is usually done and assigned to secondary beams.

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 11. Model management

- Renumbering of nodes and members

- 3.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – RENUMBERED NODES & BEAM NUMBER
- It is important to renumber nodes, beams and columns for easier
communication for the project management.

Node Numbering

Base starts at 1000

2f starts at 2000

Roof starts at 3000

Beam Numbering

Base starts at 100

2f starts at 200

Roof starts at 300

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 12. Assigning of loads

- DL = DEAL LOAD, LL = LIVE LOAD

- Add Dead, Live and Seismic load cases
- Creating and assigning of reference load
- 4.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ REFERENCE LOAD

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13. Creating and assigning of floor diaphragm
- This command directs the engine to perform the following
- Calculate the center of mass for each rigid diaphragm with consideration of the mass
of the structure.
- Create and locate the center of mass and center of rigidity of the structure which is
used to analyze the balance of the structure.
5.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – SETTING FLOOR DIAPHRAGM, RIGID STRUCTURE

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14. Creating and assigning of Seismic load definitions
6.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ SEISMIC LOAD DEFINITION
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 15. Creating and assigning of load definitions and load combinations

- 7.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – CREATING LOAD DEFINITIONS AND COMBINATIONS

- Creating of load combinations

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 - Adding & assigning of loads to load definitions
- 8.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – ADDING & ASSIGNING LOADS

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Adding & assigning of loads to load definitions
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- 9.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – W/ PERFORM ANALYSIS, LOAD LIST, STOREY DRIFT,
DIAGPRAHM CR
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 o Compute for the drift limit of the structure to input in the program

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 - Open staad editor
o Encode after perform analysis: LOAD LIST 501 TO 508

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- after typing and completing the necessary post processing tools, run analysis to check
for any errors, check also the output base shear and compare to manual base shear
calculation
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STAAD OUTPUT
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MANUAL CALCULATION OF BASE SHEAR

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 16. Design and analysis of Concrete Design

- 10.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – SETTING OF DESIGN PARAMETERS

- set code (ACI 318 2011) then,

1. SELECT PARAMETERS – select parameters to be customized

- clb, cls, clt = 0.04 m
- fc = 25000 kn/m2
- FYmain = 415000 kn/m2
- FYsec = 275000 kn/m2
- maxmain = 25 mm2
- minmain = 16 mm2
- minsec = 10 mm2

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Design Parameters Definition

ACI 318 Design Parameters

Parameter Name Default Value Description
Yield stress for main reinforcing
FYMAIN 60000 psi or 415 Mpa
steel
FYSEC 60000 psi or 415 Mpa Yield stress for secondary steel
Compressive strength of
FC 4000 psi or 28 Mpa
concrete
1.5 in or 0.0381 mm for beams
CLT Clear cover for top reinforcement
0.75 in or 0.019 mm

1.5 in or 0.0381 mm for beams Clear cover for bottom

CLB
0.75 in or 0.019 mm reinforcement

1.5 in or 0.0381 mm for beams Clear cover for side

CLS
0.75 in or 0.019 mm reinforcement
Minimum main reinforcement bar
MINMAIN #4 or 12 mm
size (Number 4 - 18)
Minimum secondary
MINSEC #4 or 12 mm reinforcement reinforcement bar
size (Number 4 - 18)

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Maximum main reinforcement
MAXMAIN maximum available rebar size
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Face of support location at start
of beam. If specified, shear force
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SFACE 0.0 at start is computed at a distance
of SFACE + d from the start joint
of the member.
Face of support location at end of
beam. If specified, the shear force
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EFACE 0 at end is computed at a distance

of EFACE + d from the end joint of
the member.
Note: Both SFACE and EFACE are
input as positive numbers.
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REINF 0 0.0 = Tied Column

1.0 = Spiral column
For columns only. Column design
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MMAG 1 moments are magnified by this

factor
Width of concrete member. This
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WIDTH ZD value defaults to ZD as provided

under MEMBER PROPERTIES.
Depth of concrete member. This
DEPTH YD value defaults to YD as provided
under MEMBER PROPERTIES

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 Number of equally spaced
sections to be considered in
NSECTION 12
finding critical moments for beam
design.
TRACK 0.0 Beam Design:
0.0 = Critical moment will not
be printed out with beam design
report.
1.0 = Critical moment will be
printed out with beam design
report
2.0 = Print out required steel
areas for all intermediate
sections specified by NSECTION
Column Design:
0.0 = Prints out detailed design
reports
1.0 = Prints out column
interaction analysis results in
addition to TRACK 0.0 output
2.0 = Prints out a schematic
interaction diagram and

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intermediate interaction values in
addition to TRACK 2.0 results.
Minimum reinforcement required
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value between 0.0 and 0.08,
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RHOMIN 0.01
where 0.08 = 8% reinforcement;
the maximum allowed by the ACI
code.
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 17. DEFINE PARAMETERS – edit and input values of parameters selected and then
assign

18. Design Commands

o Beam design
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o Column design, etc.
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 - After setting of design codes and commands we are now ready to RUN
ANALYSIS (Cltr+F5)
- Wait for analysis to finish
- Analyze of concrete design
- 11.0 MAIN STRUCTURE.std – CONCRETE DESIGN

- Design output and results

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RCDC

DETAILING AND PRODUCTION OF DRAWINGS

With RCDC you can design concrete elements, such as beams, columns, and walls in
an automated and interactive workflow as well as maintain full control of your designs
by setting individual design parameters. With this specialized application you can
quickly produce detailed design drawings for beam line elevations, column line
elevations, automatic cross section details, and bar termination geometry. Improve
your deliverables with easy-to-create individual beam bar bending schedules, column
schedule tables and beam schedule tables.

1. OPENING PROJECT IN RCDC

a. Fill up the required information, also choose code to be used (ACI 318M –
2011)
b. Browse saved STAAD pro file to be detailed and designed
c. Choose design element

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d. Create new project, wait until loading is finished
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 - RCDC interface for column design
o RCDC is one of the easiest programs used in structural detailing and
designing

2. GROUPING OF MEMBERS
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- It is important to group to better visualize and to minimize output for better
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presentation
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 3. SETTING OF PARAMETERS

3.1. Design Settings

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3.2. Reinforcement settings
- set rebar diameters to be used, max and min.
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- also spacings can be manipulated
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 4. LOADINGS

4.1. assign load types by setting it to the right-side drop-down button of the load
case

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4.2. create or impost load case, the user can either create new load
combinations or import from preset data of RCDC or from STAAD Pro load combinations
assigned previously.
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 5. DESIGN AND ANALYZE
- After setting all necessary requirements you are ready to design.

6. OUTPUT PRODUCTION

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- After the design, make sure no members fail, otherwise you need to redesign
such members or make necessary adjustments.
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- There are various of output data that you can generate in the reports section
on the main bar of the program as a designer it is your call to assess the most
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important details you need.
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 - Select columns that you want to view elevation

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- After design save the file
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save
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 7. Save detailed drawing
- Save detailed drawing output from RCDC
- It should be saved as (.dxf) file for autocad import.

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- Column elevation
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 8. Beam design interface
- Note. Beam design steps is basically the same step as column design.
- Beam design interface

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- Rebar assignment
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 9. Slab Design
Note. Beam design steps is basically the same step as column design.

12.0 MAIN STRUCTURE – WITH SLAB

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- Rebar assignment
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 10. Final Drawing production
- After saving you can open Autocad
- The files saved in RCDC can also be opened easily in Autocad just like an
Autocad file will.
- Copy and paste drawing produced by RCDC to your template in Autocad,
adjust scale and texts if necessary.
- Save.

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