Beowulf: ING Rothgar OF Enmark
Beowulf: ING Rothgar OF Enmark
Virginia Cattolica
Beowulf
KING HROTHGAR OF DENMARK , a descendant of the great king Shield Sheafson, enjoys a prosperous and
successful reign. He builds a great mead-hall, called Heorot, where his warriors can gather to drink, receive
gifts from their lord, and listen to stories sung by the scops, or bards. But the jubilant noise from Heorot
angers Grendel, a horrible demon who lives in the swamplands of Hrothgar’s kingdom. Grendel terrorizes
the Danes every night, killing them and defeating their efforts to fight back. The Danes suffer many years of
fear, danger, and death at the hands of Grendel. Eventually, however, a young Geatish warrior named
Beowulf hears of Hrothgar’s plight. Inspired by the challenge, Beowulf sails to Denmark with a small
company of men, determined to defeat Grendel.
Hrothgar, who had once done a great favor for Beowulf’s father Ecgtheow, accepts Beowulf’s offer to fight
Grendel and holds a feast in the hero’s honor. During the feast, an envious Dane named Unferth taunts
Beowulf and accuses him of being unworthy of his reputation. Beowulf responds with a boastful description
of some of his past accomplishments. His confidence cheers the Danish warriors, and the feast lasts merrily
into the night. At last, however, Grendel arrives. Beowulf fights him unarmed, proving himself stronger
than the demon, who is terrified. As Grendel struggles to escape, Beowulf tears the monster’s arm off.
Mortally wounded, Grendel slinks back into the swamp to die. The severed arm is hung high in the mead-
hall as a trophy of victory.
Overjoyed, Hrothgar showers Beowulf with gifts and treasure at a feast in his honor. Songs are sung in
praise of Beowulf, and the celebration lasts late into the night. But another threat is approaching. Grendel’s
mother, a swamp-hag who lives in a desolate lake, comes to Heorot seeking revenge for her son’s death.
She murders Aeschere, one of Hrothgar’s most trusted advisers, before slinking away. To avenge Aeschere’s
death, the company travels to the murky swamp, where Beowulf dives into the waters and fights Grendel’s
mother in her underwater lair. He kills her with a sword forged for a giant, then, finding Grendel’s corpse,
decapitates it and brings the head as a prize to Hrothgar. The Danish countryside is now purged of its
treacherous monsters.
The Danes are again overjoyed, and Beowulf’s fame spreads across the kingdom. Beowulf departs after a
sorrowful goodbye to Hrothgar, who has treated him like a son. He returns to Gaetland, where he and his
men are reunited with their king and queen, Hygelac and Hygd, to whom Beowulf recounts his adventures
in Denmark. Beowulf then hands over most of his treasure to Hygelac, who, in turn, rewards him.
In time, Hygelac is killed in a war against the Shylfings, and, after Hygelac’s son dies, Beowulf ascends to
the throne of the Geats. He rules wisely for fifty years, bringing prosperity to Geatland. When Beowulf is
an old man, however, a thief disturbs a barrow, or mound, where a great dragon lies guarding a horde of
treasure. Enraged, the dragon emerges from the barrow and begins unleashing fiery destruction upon the
Geats. Sensing his own death approaching, Beowulf goes to fight the dragon. With the aid of Wiglaf, he
succeeds in killing the beast, but at a heavy cost. The dragon bites Beowulf in the neck, and its fiery venom
kills him moments after their encounter. The Geats fear that their enemies will attack them now that
Beowulf is dead. According to Beowulf’s wishes, they burn their departed king’s body on a huge funeral
pyre and then bury him with a massive treasure in a barrow overlooking the sea
dragon – barrow – funeral – sea- beast – throne – adventures – Geatland – fame – head – treasure – sword
water – Heorot – feast – accomplishment – swamp – unarmed – demon – Grendel- King – warriors - Denmark