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D Jubnov Seny A Subnoma Siny Oa R P A, I

This document discusses properties of subgroups related to solvability. It defines terms like normal subgroups, commutator subgroups, and derived subgroups. The key points are: 1. If a group G has a normal solvable subgroup H, then any subgroup of H is also solvable. 2. If H is a normal solvable subgroup of a group G, then the quotient group G/H is also solvable. 3. A group G is solvable if and only if it has a composition series with abelian factors.

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Ashi Walia
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124 views

D Jubnov Seny A Subnoma Siny Oa R P A, I

This document discusses properties of subgroups related to solvability. It defines terms like normal subgroups, commutator subgroups, and derived subgroups. The key points are: 1. If a group G has a normal solvable subgroup H, then any subgroup of H is also solvable. 2. If H is a normal solvable subgroup of a group G, then the quotient group G/H is also solvable. 3. A group G is solvable if and only if it has a composition series with abelian factors.

Uploaded by

Ashi Walia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DD Jubnov Seny A subnoma siny oa r p a, i

ni te squue
N NN -

Suh Nn s a
al subaup d 4i,i 9,L-, ,

D Novna skmy A aitr sqneue da subgroA


N.N, N- - - Ne { }

is Said t b noml sun4y t g p a, ik eatk N; is


Subgr up G.
A norma seny alway Subnamal ,but cnvuse neo
net be tm r abelian gmupi, Jhe notioy t subnorwa
OLd cinide, Jine e y ubGmup N
a
Slvable Gonnp A grp a is said to be solable itu
D
can Rud a Ruite chain dt mbgops
a N N, Na N «

quhnr oup Ni/N, abtlian


OK
h e snbnarmal any N;? s Nat all guhmFvop
M/NH av ablian. Ta
above sriy md o ay s slurabl
Suny d Ca.
CAtadov Subanp u a,b ba avbtary akmtn ota g n

called comutator a a and b taku


C. The elemn a

s a a b l3bea3 Mau he Subgm guratel by


calld Cosurav mbgap ad a is Swalls Subjooup couaiuia.
Ci

s n is Anite bat not hud


CawAmuth Subgrp d a gop a. Thun a i
abtian ik a: {}
Pys Le br ab1hia ad let xecbe avbitory
hn x= ab d ' b cdde
2a

Covuly, lek a,ba b bimy, mun

ab ba ab
a abelian
Le&be omwnntr SubgeuP tagouph. Theu a'is
narnal n G a Glis abtiam
cCa'cG

A(4aha)e 6 o4 u a subgoup

e
Considur a'a, a'b e /a' a,beG
d'ab =aba ab =a'babb =&'ba
(
Thuy 4/a abelian.

Th18 le a'>n Yhe Cnwnanbor SubgroP a jup G. 1f H ir any


nai Suop , a n /p i abliau aleH,

Prost L /u bL ablîan, n (HXH)HH) r a,b6-G


Hab Hba
Haba=H ab a'beH
" e H b S S * ec
HC
u t a i me Swnlly sabsonp o& conan C. Huntt a'c
tonvsslt, 1k &'c H H H ) = Hab = H(ab)ab = Hba
(Lta
Da Leta be a o p . Foy evey nen-ngahn intgw n, dehinn
o4 l l w
(nM)
(
Thn &is calld cowwtator subgup ov n denivnd Subanp
Th 19 A selablt i t
9op a {«} ov sone iatagwn

. (k)
Wnt N = hun NA s a nomal sbganp et Nu tK,

Le = {3, wIte

C2) (),
N N,-, Na
Thn saeh N rwal subouY Na
Thernr
- O

ASo NNkn
H s soluable s n y br G ond kues a is a doluablt qou.

Convunely, Le a buasolvable gmup so Irat 3 a Jolvable Juny bv6,

aud P/N a
wur N s a
norwa submvP otN4
abuliam Gop +K om h. 18

NCN, a'eN
ad CNa N N,'> =a
NCNg N N'> ( -
T a
Any subgp H a slvabl 9 p a solvable.

Le H be subgoup o a
a olvablt q oup o drata a

solvable sSeny o r , namtly


a No N, N
H Ho HONHAN -HON-{i}
o N; ov o(1D (n-1) , murbor
i norma Subgonp
Hi H ON is novm in i HON;

Dehine waP
F: HH; Ni/N Sunh at
An) = A N *AEH', x N

F1) = ) N eNiyNn) = ka £ty)

Hee oa hownowerphsm. Als t i onh by consrhou,

Ker ixeH; ALa)= Ni=duny N/N

n e H| E NiM HON H
HHiH N/Ni abelham,
isabelian sine Ni/N
H)
-

H fe} a
solvablk seny d-H,

isa solua ble 9oup


anod it a a aw p ing
T) &is a slvablt goup
olable.
oahun á s alo
k b howowaphi
anennphc i t 6,
Pms Siee is
{ hv Jonne k (aaiselable)
G . Siee
i

{*? for Saune k


& s Jolvable.
T 2 IF H isa norwa sabgne solvable mue a, muu 6/p
aso soluable.
Pros
f)= Hx AEG
en is on by cansmehan aA

Any) Hey) HaHy P ) AY) 3 P is hauonarphij


=

/H nomewophi lun s G, Hunte a/4 ialso soluablt.


ad
Th 3 Lh Hbea neina nbgrup 2p . Tt boh H

a/H are soluabl, hun &is Jalabl.

Pyost t H b a narwo sabpaup ta. Th

ain/H Ywal in ai/H a /+/41 is abelian,

h u aak aiy i n a l in ai, AUo Am/H {H3 hm= H,

Pwrhur H Ho H,Ha -

audaek Hin i m a l in H; a d Hi/H; y ablian

Lef: i/4 /ait

Tn on

ihawrmarpsm Le , a tA

Aa)ECH)

lain) - ain/
G/
in/H
isablian oy ai/H_ sabtliam. Hunst O
Thus a/a ain/
solvrable Suny tor a. Huee Jolvablc }op

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