Department of Electrical Engineering

EE363: Power Electronics

Course Instructor: Dr. Tauseef Tauqeer Date: 22-Apr-2021

Lab Engineer: Abdullah Baig Semester: Spring 2021

Lab 4: Controlled Single Phase Rectifier

Report Viva Total

Name Roll Number
Marks/10 Marks/5 Marks/15

Muhammad Hamza Shahid BSEE18078

Checked on: __________________________

Signature: __________________________
4.1 Learning Outcomes
After completing this Lab, the student will be able to
● Implement single phase controlled rectifier using SCR,
● Control the conduction angle of SCR using RC triggering method,
● Measure the conduction angle and output voltage for a controlled rectifier.

4.2 Equipment
● Breadboard
● Oscilloscope
● Connecting wires
● Digital Multimeter
● Electronic components as in the following table

Component Value Quantity

Diode 1N4007 4
Transformer 12 VRMS 1
Resistor 100 Ω, 10 W 1
Potentiometer 10 𝑘Ω 1
Capacitor 10 μ𝐹 1

4.3 Silicon Controller Rectifier (SCR)

The Silicon Controlled Rectifier (abbreviated as SCR) is a three-terminal semiconductor
switching device which is probably the most important circuit element after the diode and the
transistor. An SCR can be used as a controlled switch to perform various functions such as
rectification, inversion and regulation of power flow. The SCR has appeared in the market
under different names such as thyristor, thyroid transistor. It is a unidirectional power switch
and is being extensively used in switching DC and AC, rectifying AC to give controlled DC
output, converting DC into AC etc. The internal structure and the schematic symbol of an
SCR are shown in Figure ‎4-1.

Figure ‎4-1: Internal structure and schematic symbol of an SCR

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4.4 Task 1: Implementation of a Full Wave Controlled Rectifier
Objective: Implement a full-wave controlled rectifier using an SCR. Observe and control the
firing angle and output voltage of the rectifier.

Figure ‎4-2: Circuit for Task 1

1. Assemble the circuit shown in Figure ‎4-2 in Multisim. In the simulation settings, set the
Maximum time step (TMAX) to 1e-4. Connect an oscilloscope across the load resistor and
adjust the potentiometer such that the SCR conducts for almost 90°. Measure the
conduction time accurately and measure the voltage across the load. Use the following
formula for calculating conduction angle, where ϕ is the conduction angle, 𝑡 is the
conduction time and 𝑇 is the time period of the 50 𝐻𝑧 waveform.
[5 points]

𝑡
ϕ= 𝑇
×360°

𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 = _______5. 01𝑚𝑠________

𝑜
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = _________90. 18 __________

𝑉𝐿(𝑎𝑣𝑔) = _____________5. 12𝑉_____________

𝑉𝐿(𝑅𝑀𝑆) = ______________7. 34𝑉________________

2. Observe the waveforms of the voltage across the load resistor and the input AC voltage.
Set the horizontal and vertical scales such that 1-2 complete cycles cover almost 80% of
the display. Show the load voltage in blue and the AC voltage in red color. Capture a
screenshot of the oscilloscope display and paste here. [5 points]

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3. Adjust the potentiometer to set the conduction angle at 10 different values from 90° to
180°. Measure the conduction time, average load voltage and RMS load voltage for each
setting. Calculate the conduction angle for each setting and fill the data in Table ‎4-1. [30
points]

No. Conduction time Conduction angle 𝑉𝐿(𝑎𝑣𝑔) 𝑉𝐿(𝑅𝑀𝑆)

𝑜
1 5.398ms 97. 164 6.1V 8.28V
𝑜
2 5.587ms 100. 566 6.42V 8.56V
𝑜
3 6.061ms 109. 098 6.83V 8.91V
𝑜
4 6.439ms 115. 902 7.43V 9.35V
𝑜
5 6.818ms 122. 724 7.82V 9.60V
𝑜
6 7.292ms 131. 256 8.17V 9.80V
𝑜
7 7.386ms 132. 948 8.47V 9.95V
𝑜
8 7.955ms 143. 19 8.67V 10V

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 𝑜
9 8.239ms 148. 302 8.82V 10.1V
𝑜
10 8.807ms 158. 526 8.86V 10.1V

Table ‎4-1: Measurements with controlled rectifier

4. Sketch the waveforms of the load voltage and AC voltage when the conduction angle is
nearly 135°. Use the same settings for the oscilloscope and node colors as part ‎2. Capture
a screenshot of the oscilloscope display and paste here. [5 points]

5. Plot the RMS load voltage (vertical axis) against conduction angle (horizontal axis) with
the data recorded in part ‎3. Label both axes and insert a legend in the graph. Insert the
graph here. [5 points]

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6. Analysis Describe the relation of the RMS load voltage with the conduction angle in terms
of the shape of the graph and its maximum and minimum values. [3 points]

The RMS load voltage initially increases with the conduction angle, for small values of
the conduction angle, the RMS load voltage increases quite linearly. For relatively larger
values, the RMS load voltage does not respond to the conduction angle that well. For
𝑜
values greater than 135 ,the RMS load voltage does not increase any more with the
conduction angle. Rather, it stays constant.

7. Analysis Describe the significance of RMS voltage, i.e. what useful information does the
RMS value provide about a carrying voltage like the load voltage in part ‎2? [2 points]

The RMS load voltage is a very important aspect to take into account in analyzing the
rectifier circuits (Either controlled or uncontrolled) as it tells how much an AC component
is present in the DC rectified output. The more the RMS load voltage is, the more the AC
component is present in it and vice versa.

Assessment Rubrics
EE363: Power Electronics – Lab 4
Method: Lab reports and instructor observation during lab sessions

Outcome Assessed:
a. Ability to conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data (P).
b. Ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams (A).
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c. Ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for
engineering practice (P).

Exceeds expectation Meets expectation Does not meet

Performance Marks
(4-5) (3-2) expectation (1)
Selects relevant Needs guidance to Incapable of
equipment to the select relevant selecting relevant
experiment, develops equipment to the equipment to
1. Realization of setup diagrams of experiment and to conduct the
Experiment [a, c] equipment develop equipment experiment,
connections or wiring. connection or wiring equipment
diagrams. connection or
wiring diagrams are
Actively engages and Cooperates with other Distracts or
cooperates with other group members in a discourages other
2. Teamwork [b] group members in an reasonable manner. group members
effective manner. from conducting the
experiment.

Does proper Calibrates equipment, Unable to calibrate

calibration of examines equipment appropriate
equipment, carefully moving parts, and equipment, and
3. Conducting examines equipment operates the equipment operation
Experiment [a, c] moving parts, and equipment with minor is substantially
ensures smooth error. wrong.
operation and process.

Respectfully and Observes safety rules Disregards safety

4. Laboratory carefully observes and procedures with rules and
Safety Rules [a] safety rules and minor deviation. procedures.
procedures

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 Exceeds expectation Meets expectation Does not meet
Performance Marks
(5-4) (3-2) expectation (1)
Plans data collection Plans data collection Does not know how to
to achieve to achieve plan data collection to
5. Data experimental experimental achieve experimental
objectives, and objectives, and goals; data collected is
Collection [a]
conducts an orderly collects complete data incomplete and
and a complete data with minor error. contains errors.
collection.
Accurately conducts Conducts simple Unable to conduct
simple computations computations and simple statistical
and statistical analysis statistical analysis analysis on collected
using collected data; using collected data data; no attempt to
correlates with minor error; correlate experimental
experimental results to reasonably correlates results with known
6. Data Analysis known theoretical experimental results to theoretical values;
[a] values; accounts for known theoretical incapable of
measurement errors values; attempts to explaining
and parameters that account for measurement errors or
affect experimental measurement errors parameters that affect
results. and parameters that the experimental
affect experimental results.
results.
Uses computers to Uses computer to Does not know how to
7. Computer Use collect and analyze collect and analyze use computers to
[a] data effectively. data with minor error. collect and analyze
data.

Total

Lab Engineer: Faculty:

Name: Abdullah Baig Name: Dr. Tauseef Tauqeer

Signature: Signature:

Date: Date:

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