Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems
Chapter 0

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki

Computer Engineering & Informatics

Kabul Polytechnic University

September 6, 2015

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

About lecturer

Name: Niaz Mohammad Ramaki

Edu. Degree: M.Sc., Technical University Berlin
Department: CIS
Email: niaz [email protected]
Cell Phone: +93744153827

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Mobile Services in 7th Semester

1 Operating Systems

2 Computer System Structure

3 Operating System Tasks

4 Operating System Instances

5 Types of Operating Systems

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems

A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer

and the computer hardware.
Operating systems goals:
Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier.
Make the computer system convenient to use.
Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems

User Programs, or Applications run on the top of Operating Systems.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Computer System Structure

Computer system can be divided into four components:

Hardware –provides basic computing resources.
Operating system – Controls and coordinates use of hardware among
various applications and users.
Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources
are used to solve the computing problems of the users
Users –Who interact with computers.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Computer System Structure

The organization of a simple computer[the main components]

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems Tasks

Some key tasks done by operating systems in a computer.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems Tasks

How computer hardware and applications communicate with each
other. [Process Management, Resource Management ]

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems Tasks

Less number of CPUs, more and more number of applications in an
Operating System.[Scheduling], [Time sharing]

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

OS Instances
Windows
Windows a very common operating system, produced by Microsoft.
The most recent version of windows is Window 10.
Windows has come in different versions, 95, 98, 2000, ME, XP, Vista,
7, 8, 8.1 and now 10.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

OS Instances
UNIX
UNIX is one of the earliest operating system developed in A&AT and
Bell Labs by two professors.
The entire operating system was written in C language.
UNIX treats devices and certain Inter Process Communication (IPC)
as files .

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

OS Instances
Linux
Linux is an open source operating system. Its based on Unix.
Linux was developed by Linus Torvalds, a Finnish CS student.
Linux has more 300 types (called distribution) developed by different
parties and communities.
Some common distributions are Redhat, Debian, Suse, etc.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

OS Instances
Mac OSX
Mac OS is developed, marketed and sold bay Apple Inc.
Many derivatives of Mac OS exist, with the ”i” suffix, iPad,iPhone,
etc.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems Types

From point of the number of users and tasks performed by OS.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Types of Operating Systems

Real-time Operating Systems
Sometimes are called Embedded Systems, or specific purpose OSs.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Types of Operating Systems

Single-User, Single-Task OS

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Types of Operating Systems

Single-User, Multi-Task OS
Mac OS, Window, etc.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Types of Operating Systems

Multi-Task OS
UNIX, Linux, Mainframes

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Operating Systems Application

OSs can be found in almost all parts of daily life.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

In this semester...

Chapter 1: ”Overview of computer systems ”

Chapter 2: ”Operating System Overview”
Chapter 3: ”Processes”
Chapter 4: ”Threads”
Chapter 5: ”Scheduling”
Chapter 6: ”Concurrency”
Chapter 7: ”Memory Management”
Chapter 8: ”Virtual Memory”

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

About Exam

Time is announced by the University officials

20% from paper test during the semester
10% from homework assignments
70% from paper test at the end of semester
Total grade: 100%
To pass the course, you need to capture 55% of the Total grade

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Homework assignments

Biweekly assignment
Questions should be answered from the lecture slides, or
From articles, which will be handed out to you with assignment paper
Please divide yourselves into group of maximum 4 students for
working on assignments
After correction of your assignment, students will be randomly
selected for debriefing from each group.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Literature

Lecture slides
Book1: Operating Systems Concept, 8 th Edition, By Silberschatz.
Book2: Operating Systems; Design and Implementation, second
edition, By Tanenbaum.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

Important!!!

Being on time, late students will be disallowed to the class

NO talking, or discussion among students during lecture.
Drinking, or eating is permitted during lecture, unless you disturb the
class environment
Please make a Google group for sharing the lecture slides.
Make an Excel sheet containing you Group number and members.

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0
Operating Systems Computer System Structure Operating System Tasks Operating System Instances Types of Operating System

That’s it

Hope we have a good semester ahead

Niaz Mohammad Ramaki Computer Engineering & Informatics Kabul Polytechnic University
Operating Systems Chapter 0