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Magnetizing and Equipment: Types of Magnetizers

To magnetize a material, it must be exposed to a strong external magnetic field that reorganizes the crystal structure and leaves the material with a remanent magnetization in the direction of the field. The most common method of magnetization uses a short, high-energy current pulse generated by a magnetizer consisting of capacitors and a controller. Different materials require different pulse lengths and strengths of magnetic field depending on their resistivity, volume, and coercive force. Magnetizing fixtures, which can be coils or copper plates, are used to apply magnetic fields in specific patterns depending on the shape and properties of the magnet.

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121 views

Magnetizing and Equipment: Types of Magnetizers

To magnetize a material, it must be exposed to a strong external magnetic field that reorganizes the crystal structure and leaves the material with a remanent magnetization in the direction of the field. The most common method of magnetization uses a short, high-energy current pulse generated by a magnetizer consisting of capacitors and a controller. Different materials require different pulse lengths and strengths of magnetic field depending on their resistivity, volume, and coercive force. Magnetizing fixtures, which can be coils or copper plates, are used to apply magnetic fields in specific patterns depending on the shape and properties of the magnet.

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srinitce_me
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Magnetizing and Equipment

To make a magnet "magnetic" it must be exposed to a strong external magnetic field. This field reorganizes the
magnet’s crystal domain structure and leaves the magnet with a remanent magnetization (Br). If a magnet is
isotropic, the remanent magnetization has the same direction as the external field.
Meanwhile, an anisotropic magnet can only be magnetized in its anisotropic
direction.

The most common method of magnetizing is to let a very short high energy current
pulse go through a conductor or a coil. The short pulse is generated from a
magnetizer (figure 1), which is basically a set of powerful capacitors connected
together with a controller and ignitor switch, called an Ignitron or SCR . Different
materials require different lengths of current pulse,
and some materials can be magnetized with a
permanent magnet (figure 2a). The resistivity of a material provides a
prediction of what the magnetization pulse should look like. A material with
high resistivity can be magnetized with a pulse of a few micro-seconds, while a
more conductive material may need a pulse lasting several hundreds of a
second longer. Also, the volume of a magnet is of importance for the length of
the current pulse.

Types of Magnetizers

Figure 1
Different magnetic materials need different strengths of the magnetizing field.
Coercive force is the property of the material that decides what magnetic field
strength is needed for the magnetization. Ferrites and Alnico magnets can be magnetized using a high energy
magnet in a closed circuit or a DC type magnetizer (figures 2a and 2b) while Rare Earth magnets require a
capacitive discharge unit (figure 2c).

Figure 2a Figure 2b Figure 2c

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Magnetizing Fixtures

Most magnetizers require a magnetizing fixture in order to complete the process. This is a conductive coil, or
set of coils, designed to magnetize a particular magnet shape and grade. It can have a set of specially cut
copper plates (figure 3a) or wound copper wire that forms loops to produce magnetic fields in the required
direction (figure 3b).

Figure 3a Figure 3b

While Axial and Diametrical magnetization can be made in standard solenoids (as pictured above) multi-pole,
radial, and other complex magnetic patterns require specially built fixtures for that particular magnet (figure 4)

Multipole on the ID Multipole on the OD Multipole Radial

Figure 4

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Magnetization Patterns

AXIAL
S

LATERAL

MUTIPOLE

RADIAL

DIAMETRAL

If you have any questions about magnetizers, magnetizing fixtures, or the magnetizing process, please free to
call our customer support team at 219-548-3799 or [email protected]

Property of Alliance LLC

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