INDEX

SR.N CONTENT
O
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction.
1.2. EFFECT OF WASTAGE AND TEMPERATURE VARIATON.
2. Literature Surveys
2.1. Review Paper on Self Cleaning Roads with Road Stud
2.2 .Self-Cleaning of Street by Sewage Treated Water using Street Stud.
2.3 .Automatic Street Cleaning and Pavement Treatment Process
2.4 .Development of Road Cleaning and Scrap Collecting Robotic Vehicle.
2.5 .A review on ‘self-cleaning and multifunctional materials’.
2.6. Development of Road Cleaning and Scrap Collecting.
2.7. A review on self-cleaning roads with STUD.

2.8. Design and Development of Simplified Road Cleaning Machine with

Modified Technology Suitable to Indian Environment.
2.9. Road Side Dust Collector techniques.

3. Proposed Methodology of project

4. Case study
5. Application and Result.
6. Conclusion
1.INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
1.INTRODUCTION
SELF CLEANING ROADS

South Korea is a country that has huge power in itself. This country is
not only Asia but has stunned the world on its own. This country is
located on the Asia subcontinent. Today the whole world is feeling the
excitement of South Korea’s kadam.

In this same date, South Korea took a new step, from the cleanliness of
the cleaner. This road is being specially made from this side that they
have not to be cleaned, they are already using such technology, so that
these roads can be cleaned.
 At the same time, this water is released on a fixed schedule.
Due to which the cleaning of the roads can also be done from time to
time, and simultaneously the bad and the remaining water of factories
also continues to be used from time to time. This step has got a great
deal in organizing bad water in the country. When this road is clean
then pollution from vehicles and vehicles comes along the way to the
surface of the road, due to which there is a reduction in the pollution
caused by trains and also the atmosphere around the road has also
been cleaned. Due to which the pollution in the air has decreased and
bad water has also been arranged.

In India there are many Highways, Major states roads and

other district road which is the main appearance of India but these
streets are covered with filthy material and wastage. Which is spoiled
the beauty of the highway and streets and these wastage not only
affect the human heath but also effected the environment. Sometime
this material causes of accident and spread many types of disease in
the environment. This types of problems mainly generate in high
population cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Chennai, etc.
Everyday peoples face this type of problems which is one the biggest
problem of developing India. And the durability of the road in India is
also poor and for this poor condition The Ministry of Road Transport &
Highway spent the amount of Rs.600 Cr. For road safety and cleaning
purpose during the year 2015-2016 and 2016-2017, But this process is
slow to reduce the problem, And temperature variation is also effect
the road pavement which the reason of vehicle maintenance and
failure of the vehicle part, It to be dangerous for the running vehicle on
the road.
II. EFFECT OF WASTAGE AND TEMPERATURE VARIATON
Pavement cracking is the complex phenomena that can caused by
temperature variation and load f vehicle. At high temperatures the
viscous component dominates and total stress relaxation takes few
minutes.

Pavement cracking takes several forms which is discuss below-

 Longitudinal cracking, occurring generally in the wheel path.

 Transverse cracking, that can be in any lane.

 Alligator and crocodile cracking, where longitudinal and transverse

cracking get together and forming network of cracks.

Cracks appear due same reason as mentioned above. In India

temperature varies with different time span even high temperature in
afternoon and low at night. Concrete roads are fails mainly because of
cracks. Another problem observed on concrete road is that, we cannot
drive our vehicle fast on it. Because when this concrete roads are hot
and when we drive our vehicle fast on it the friction is developed in
concrete and vehicle’s tier which leads failure of tier. So the cracks lead
to failure of roads and friction in concrete leads to accidents. So, the
problem is temperature changes observed on the road. To, avoid this
problem spraying water is best solution on it. The water can be sprayed
on water manually or by using different machines. Different machines
are fitted in vehicles and spraying of water is done. Our solution for this
kind of problem is that we provided water sprayer inside the road stud.
The radium is attached to road stud so that there will not much
difficulty for night drivers. In road stud the hole is made and sprinkler is
fitted. This Sprinkler is fitted exactly at center of road stud. When water
is supplied from the source this sprinkler will come up and sprayed the
water in circular motion. And when water is stopped from the source
this spraying nozzles will get back to its original position. The purpose of
spraying is to clean the dirt and dry the road quickly. The pipes can be
provided inside the dividers. Pipes will provide water to the road studs.
This concept can be used for smaller length of road and if possible it
can be used to longer distance also.

II. OBJECTIVES

1) To decrease the dust nuisance from road surface.

2) To reduce the development of cracks on roads.

3) To increase the durability of the road.

4) To decrease the death rate by minimizing the accidents

5) To reuse the treated water from the Sewage Treatment Plant.

6) To reduce the air pollution which contain particulate matter 2.5.

Swachh Roads
Waste management is a major problem in India, especially littering in
the public spaces. Roads are among the badly hit areas owing to this
malpractice of littering. Other than being treated as garbage dumps,
they bear the brunt of clogged drainage and open defecation too.
According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Urban India
generates about 47 million tones of solid waste every year. Faced with
rapid population growth, lack of public awareness and attude of apathy
towards cleanliness, Indian roads have been struggling for maintaining
good cleanliness and hygienic standards. The Hon’ble Prime Minister
launched the Swachh Bharat Mission on 2nd October 2014 with a
target to make the country clean and sanitized by 2nd October, 2019.
As a part of the Swachh Bharat Mission mandate, it is imperative for
the concerned authorities to ensure that roads under supervision are
well-maintained and clean, to move towards the larger goal of a
healthy, unpolluted environment.
2.LITERATURE SURVEY
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE SURVEY
1] Review Paper on Self Cleaning Roads with Road Stud

By Prof. Om Vaidya1 Shubham Dighole2 Jahabaj Pathan3 Ashutosh Hingmire4

Paritosh Dandwate5

Department of Civil Engineering 1,2,3Sandip Foundation's- Sandip

Institute of Technology and Research Centre, Nashik, Savitribai Phule
Pune University, India 4KJ’s-Trinity College of Engineering And
Research, Pune Savitribai Phule Pune University, India 5S.N.D. College
Of Engineering and Research, Yeola, Nashik Savitribai Phule Pune
University, India

One of the major reasons for it is variation in temperature. In India

temperature varies with different time span even high temperature in
afternoon and low at night. Concrete roads are fails mainly because of
cracks. Cracks appear due same reason as mentioned above. Another
problem observed on concrete road is that, we cannot drive our vehicle
fast on it. Because when this concrete roads are hot and when we drive
our vehicle fast on it the friction is developed in concrete and vehicle’s
tier which leads failure of tier. So the cracks lead to failure of roads and
friction in concrete leads to accidents. So, the problem is temperature
changes observed on the road. To, avoid this problem spraying water is
best solution on it. The water can be sprayed on water manually or by
using different machines. Different machines are fitted in vehicles and
spraying of water is done. Our solution for this kind of problem is that
we provided water sprayer inside the road stud. The radium is attached
to road stud so that there will not much difficulty for night drivers. In
road stud the hole is made and sprinkler is fitted. This Sprinkler is fitted
exactly at center of road stud. When water is supplied from the source
this sprinkler will come up and sprayed the water in circular motion.
And when water is stopped from the source this spraying nozzles will
get back to its original position. Similar project is applied in South Korea
but it is observed that there are patches appear where no water is
sprayed also these nozzles can be damaged due to vehicles, because of
their design. These problems are eliminated in our design. Once the
water is sprayed then afterwards the compressed air is sprayed with
same pipe and sprayer. The purpose of spraying the compressed air is
to clean the dirt and dry the road quickly. The pipes can be provided
inside the dividers. Pipes will provide water and air to the road studs.
This concept can be used for smaller length of road and if possible it
can be used to longer distance also.

2] Self-Cleaning of Street by Sewage Treated Water using

Street Stud
By Prof. Hindola Saha1, Prajyot Sapkal2, Chandraprakash Shukla2, Mayur
Kalje2, Pranav Kadam2

1Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering, Dr. D Y Patil School of

Engineering & Technology, Pune, India. 2UG Students, Civil Engineering,
Dr. D Y Patil School of Engineering &Technology, Lohegoan, Pune, India.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible causes of

pavement failures, and to recommend remedies to minimize failures of
the pavement. The paper describes lessons learnt from pavement
failures and problems experienced during the last few years on a
number of projects in India. Based on the past experiences various
pavement preservation techniques and measures are also discussed
which will be helpful in increasing the serviceable life of pavement. The
revolution in the automobile industry and liberalized economy has led
to tremendous increase in the vehicle ownership levels. This has
resulted in changing traffic characteristics on road network. In this
paper an attempt has been made to analyze the changing traffic
composition trends, speed characteristics and travel patterns by taking
few case studies. Further, the impact of changing traffic composition
trends and emerging issues thereof are discussed. The main objective
of intersection design is to facilitate the convenience, comfort, safety of
people traversing the intersection by enhancing the efficient movement
of road users and minimise the pollution due to humidity on the road
surface. The intersections on urban roads in India generally cater to
heterogeneous motorized traffic, along with slow-moving traffic
including pedestrians. It is therefore necessary to consider saturation
flow for mixed traffic conditions to evaluate the overall operation of
signalized intersections. A proper traffic model must consider varying
characteristics of all the road users to effectively design and efficiently
manage signalized intersections.

3]Automatic Street Cleaning and Pavement Treatment Process

By Shubham Upadhyay 1 , Amit Kumar Soni 2 , Aasutosh Gupta 3 ,

Rananjay Pratap Singh4 ,Sachin Kumar Yadav 5 Student, Department
of Civil Engineering, Rajarshi Rananjay Sinh Institute of Management
& Technology Amethi (U.P), India1,3,4

The cleaning and maintenance of the street pavements is the necessity

of the town and cities now a day. If the peoples stand with the current
maintenance process, It will only widen and deepen the crisis. There
any many harmful substances which affect human as well as
environment and makes street nasty. It gives bad impact on the lower
part of vehicles such as vehicles engines and plastic wastage can be
causes of slip the vehicles, Which takes place of minor and major
accidents. The durability of the pavement is broadly depend on the
temperature variation. The change in temperature develops unwanted
stresses in the pavement, Which leads to the crack formation.
Removing and controlling of these type of problems is the challenging
task. The process is to make clean the pavement by water and air
pressure and prevention of road surface by temperature variation.

4] Development of Road Cleaning and Scrap Collecting Robotic

Vehicle
By Naveen Kumar1, Ayush Goel2 , Vipul Verma2,, Peeyush Kr
Gupta2 , Vishal Gupta2 , Assistant Professor 2 Department of
Mechanical Engineering ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar
Pradesh, India

This paper shows the advancement of Road Cleaning and Scrap

Collecting Robotic Vehicle and its different usages. As neatness of our
condition has its own ideal conditions which makes it a basic topic of
research nowadays as it goes under Swacchh Bharat Abhiyan, an
activity taken by the legislature of India additionally it favours green
collecting structures and we pointed conveying cleaner streets by
utilizing least endeavours. This paper shows both the details of the
components used to construct the vehicle and the working of the
vehicle as whole too. In the coming days these vehicles will be utilized
to diminish contamination and improve tidiness in our area.
INTRODUCTION As indicated by the examinations from different
research papers, it is seen that the flotsam and jetsam as residue
particles, plastic transfers, wet waste, natural waste, metal jars are
cleaned successfully by the cleaning instrument present in the vehicle
containing sweepers, suction siphon, scrap authority, electromagnet
and so on yet at the same time It requires manual exertion by the
labourers to isolate the gathered rubbish and arrange it into dump yard
for reusing. So here we come up with the overall solution from
collection of waste to segregation as well as the disposal at the dump
yard. IJSER

5] A review on ‘self-cleaning and multifunctional

materials’
By Prathapan Ragesh,a   V. Anand Ganesh,b   Shantikumar V.
Naira  and  A. Sreekumaran Nair*a  

This review article exemplifies the importance of self-cleaning materials

and coatings. Self-cleaning coatings are becoming an integral part of
our daily life because of their utility in various applications such as
windows, solar panels, cements, and paints. In this review, various
categories of materials for the fabrication of hydrophilic, hydrophobic,
oleophobic, amphiphobic and multifunctional coatings and their
synthesis routes have been discussed. Furthermore, different natural
organisms exhibiting super hydrophobic behavior have been analyses.
This review also covers the fundamentals of self-cleaning attributes
such as water contact angle, surface energy, and contact angle
hysteresis.
6] Development of Road Cleaning and Scrap Collecting
By Naveen Kumar1, Ayush Goel2 , Vipul Verma2,, Peeyush Kr Gupta2 ,
Vishal Gupta2 , 1 Assistant Professor 2 Department of Mechanical
Engineering ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh,
India

This paper shows the advancement of Road Cleaning and Scrap

Collecting Robotic Vehicle and its different usages. As neatness of our
condition has its own ideal conditions which makes it a basic topic of
research nowadays as it goes under Swacchh Bharat Abhiyan, an
activity taken by the legislature of India additionally it favours green
collecting structures and we pointed conveying cleaner streets by
utilizing least endeavours. This paper shows both the details of the
components used to construct the vehicle and the working of the
vehicle as whole too. In the coming days these vehicles will be utilized
to diminish contamination and improve tidiness in our area.
INTRODUCTION As indicated by the examinations from different
research papers, it is seen that the flotsam and jetsam as residue
particles, plastic transfers, wet waste, natural waste, metal jars are
cleaned successfully by the cleaning instrument present in the vehicle
containing sweepers, suction siphon, scrap authority, electromagnet
and so on yet at the same time It requires manual exertion by the
labourers to isolate the gathered rubbish and arrange it into dump yard
for reusing. So here we come up with the overall solution from
collection of waste to segregation as well as the disposal at the dump
yard. IJSER
7] A review on self cleaning roads with STUD.
By Shubham Dighole , Sandip Foundation's- Sandip Institute of
Technology and Research Centre, Nashik; Prof. Om Vaidya, Sandip
Foundation's- Sandip Institute of Technology and Research Centre,
Nashik; Jahabaj Pathan, Sandip Foundation's- Sandip Institute of
Technology and Research Centre, Nashik; Ashutosh Hingmire, KJ's-
Trinity College Of Engineering And Research, Pune; Paritosh
Dandwate, S.N.D. College Of Engineering And Research, Yeola, Nashik

There are lots of reasons for death of human being. The major cause is
due to accidents. Accidents can be of many types like earthquake,
tsunami etc. The accidents cause by natural calamities is not in our
control. The amount of road accidents is more comparative to other
ones. India is country where the death rate due to road accidents is
more. In future, lots of highways will be constructing in India. In India
temperature changes rapidly which causes cracks to roads leading to
failure of road. These problems are solved out by following remedy. By
watering the road every day and by spraying air on it, the road can be
reuse within few hours. This is easy and quick method of watering of
road. Key words: Water Spraying on Roads, Road Stud, Spraying
Nozzles, Remedy for Cracks

8] Design and Development of Simplified Road Cleaning

Machine with Modified Technology Suitable to Indian
Environment
By A V V Mukesh* Dr. M Varaprasada Rao, Chaitanya MSRK .
A novel method of road cleaning application for Indian roads has been
thought of and developed a ―Simplified Road Cleaning Machine with
Modified Technology Suitable to Indian Conditions‖. This equipment
can be used for cleaning the long distances and wide width reduces the
human effort, so that the cleaning can be done in a single drive. This
system has been used to clean roads and could clean various forms of
papers, covers, food beverages, smooth dust and unwanted waste
noticed on the roads. Roads sweeping, either manual or mechanical,
has been a normal operation for most municipalities for hundreds of
years with aesthetics and sanitation purposes. Therefore investigation
on street sweepers efficiency have been focused on the minimization of
transport of pollutants (PAH, metals) to receiving waters. Currently,
street sweeper types fall into three main categories: mechanical
broom, vacuum-assisted broom and regenerative-air units. Schilling
(2005) provides a list of sweeper manufacturers for US, available
models and common specifications for such equipment. Vacuum-
assisted and regenerative air sweepers are generally better than
mechanical sweepers at removing finer sediments, while mechanical
sweepers are better at removing larger debris (FHWA 2007).

9] Road Side Dust Collector techniques

By Shuzaib kalam1, Jatin Sekhri2, Twinkle Bauddh3, Shivam Kumar4,
Sarthak Jha5, Pranshu Singh Rana6, Dhruv Kumar7, Ashutosh Singh

Student of Bachelor of Technology, Department of Mechanical

Engineering 7,8Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical
Engineering JEMTEC - JIMS Engineering Management Technical
Campus, Greater Noida., India. Approved by AICTE Affiliated to Guru
Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi

This paper is based on “Manual driven platform cleaning machine”

which provides the basic need of cleaning very large floor areas such as
railway platforms, hospitals, malls and many investments have been
made for the same. In recent times Indian Railways has purchased
platform rider scrubbers and platform cleaning machines from various
companies to ensure hygiene. Due to absence of electricity at bus
stand, railway platforms and other commercial places, the automatic
cleaning machine isn’t suitable in every condition. The author
fabricated a four wheeler cart with the help of accessories such as belt,
pedal axle, scrubber brush, U-clamp cleaning process is executed.
3]METHODOLOGY
The construction of self-cleaning roads is simple. The spraying nozzles
are fitted on the top of road stud. The construction is not much difficult.
The road studs are available in market of various sizes. Hole is drilled
into road stud’s center part. After the hole is driven pipes and spraying
nozzles are inserted into the road studs. You can supply water to the
nozzles according to you convince. The best way of provision of water
to long distance is supplying water through pipes through road dividers.
So, the water can be carried to longer distances.
In advance cleaning and treatment of road pavement ,We set the steel
pipes under the road surface which is the connected with the supply
chamber . And a thin pipes also connected with the min pipe and thin
pipes attached with the radium plates which is situated center of the
camber. It process done when the red light sign to stop the vehicle a
sensor séance the main chamber to start this process. A high intensity
water pressure release with the radian plates both sides which wash
the road and nasty material and wastage flow with water pressure and
makes road clean .

Waste materials collected in the side of the road from where it goes
into dump chamber and water flow through the drainage and collected
into the filter chamber which is use after the filter process. We can use
gain this water for cleaning the road and after water spray a high
intensity air release which makes road dry. And in summer days water
spray reduce the pavement temperature. In the side of radium plates 6
small diameter hole provided from which the pies are connected when
the water pray closed the compressure release the highly pressure air.
It all process done with in few minutes and when the green light sighed
then the process is stop.

We can use this process according to area where’s the city is more
nasty after few times in this condition it process recylce after 8 hour
and where’s city is not so nasty it5 process recycle after 12 hour.
According to this regulation we can reduces the dust and toxic material
from rod surfce and also maintain the rod temperature. According to
this sysytem we can also reduce the lots of problems of peoples. IN fig
5 we can see that lagre diameter pipe nd small diameters pipe which is
for water and air presure. And sides pipes connected with the drinage
system and it works to when the filthy water flow through the drainage
then this pipe takes fithy watre from drainge and collect into the
filteration chamber where the filthy watre get filterd and filter or clean
water goes to main chamber and circulate by the main pipe which
spray the water and this proces repeat agin when the sysytem need to
clean the pvement.
In fig there is section of automatic cleaning street, in the center of
pavement a system of radium pales which spray the water and air in
this process we can also use the rain water which is collected into the
chamber. It process also increase the cleaning area of the surface and
the effective stress which is the cause of damage of the road
pavements and there are many cracks develop from temperature
variation which develops cracks on streets from this process the
pavement temperature which is increase more than 50 degree C and
get maintained by the water wash

The sprayer is fitted at the center top of the road stud. The sprayer will
come up with the water pressure applied from the source. The
diameter of sprayer is 4 cm i.e. 40 mm. When the water pressure is
stopped then the sprayer will come back to its original position. The
water is sprayed with circular motion. So that no patch will formed
where no water is sprayed. The water can be supplied from any nearer
reservoir or by running the pipelines through road dividers

Materials: As per the given procedure of the Project Material Collection

is the main motto for the on-going process of project.

Various materials are collected for the completion of the project is as

follows  Materials for Practical Approach on Site

 Spray Nozzle
 Pipes

 Pump