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Microsoft Windows: 1. What Is Active Directory?

Active Directory is a directory structure used on Microsoft Windows based computers and servers to store information and data about networks and domains. LDAP is a protocol that email and other programs use to look up information from a server. There are five types of backups in Windows 2003 Server: normal, daily, copy, differential, and incremental.

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Ramesh Kumar
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82 views

Microsoft Windows: 1. What Is Active Directory?

Active Directory is a directory structure used on Microsoft Windows based computers and servers to store information and data about networks and domains. LDAP is a protocol that email and other programs use to look up information from a server. There are five types of backups in Windows 2003 Server: normal, daily, copy, differential, and incremental.

Uploaded by

Ramesh Kumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is Active Directory?

An active directory is a directory structure used on Microsoft Windows based


computers and servers to store information and data about networks and domains. It is
primarily used for online information and was originally created in 1996. It was first
used with Windows 2000.

2. What is LDAP?

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP

Or

LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, is an Internet protocol that email and
other programs use to look up information from a server

Or

LDAP is a worldwide IETF standard protocol, it is designed to allow for the transfer of
information between domain controllers and to allow users to query information about objects
within directory.

3.There are five types of backup in windows 2003 server

I) Normal backup
II) Daily backup
III) Copy Backup
IV) Differential Backup
v) Incremental Backup

Go to ->run ->type ntbackup -> you can configure the backup


as per you concern.

1, Normal backup - It copy all the files marked in to be backup

2, Incremental backup - only those files that have been


created or changed since last incremental or normal backup.

3, Decremental backup - The only copies files that have been


created or changed since the last normal or incremental backup

4, copy backup - It copy all the files u have selected

5, Daily backup - It copy all the files u have selected that


have been modified on the day

4. How do you solve printer problems?


Reboot your computer. This generally solves most printing problems.
If it’s not printing, or you’re getting a message about the Fax printer, change your default printer:
Start - Settings - Printers/Faxes. Right-click the printer you want, and then select (left-click) Set
as Default.
Check and make sure all connections going to and coming from the printer are firmly in place.
Check that the printer is on-line:
Start - Settings - Printers, right-click the printer.
If there isn’t a checkmark by “Set as Default”, left-click that option to select it.
Print a test page. If that prints and the application you are using doesn’t, you probably will need
to contact the application’s vendor for support.
Turn off your printer for 10 seconds and turn it back on. Make a note of any error messages or
flashing lights when the printer is turned back on.
If your printer is connected directly to another computer, try rebooting that computer. If your
printer is connected to a JetDirect box, try unplugging the JetDirect box for 10 seconds.
You may wish to uninstall and then re-install your printer

5. Difference between NTFS & FAT file System?

NTFS
1)allows access local to w2k,w2k3,XP,win NT4 with SP4 & later may get access for
somefile.
2)Maximum size of partition is 2 Terabytes & more.
3)Maximum File size is upto 16TB.
4)File & folder Encryption is possible only in NTFS.

FAT 32
1)Fat 32 Allows access to win 95,98,win millenium,win2k,xp on local partition.
2)Maximum size of partition is upto 2 TB.
3)Maximum File size is upto 4 GB.
4)File & folder Encryption is not possible.

6. Explain NTP.

The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol for distributing the universal time (UTC) by
means of synchronizing the clocks of computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency
data networks. NTP uses UDP port 123 as its transport layer. It is designed particularly to resist
the effects of variable latency by using a jitter buffer.

7. How do you get to Internet Firewall settings?


Start –> Control Panel –> Network and Internet Connections –> Network Connections.

8. What types of classes exist in Windows Server 2003 Active Directory? 

a. Structural class. The structural class is important to the system administrator in


that it is the only type from which new Active Directory objects are created.
Structural classes are developed from either the modification of an existing
structural type or the use of one or more abstract classes.
b. Abstract class. Abstract classes are so named because they take the form of
templates that actually create other templates (abstracts) and structural and
auxiliary classes. Think of abstract classes as frameworks for the defining
objects.
c. Auxiliary class. The auxiliary class is a list of attributes. Rather than apply
numerous attributes when creating a structural class, it provides a streamlined
alternative by applying a combination of attributes with a single include action.
d. 88 class. The 88 class includes object classes defined prior to 1993, when the
1988 X.500 specification was adopted. This type does not use the structural,
abstract, and auxiliary definitions, nor is it in common use for the development of
objects in Windows Server 2003 environments.

9. What is Global Catalog?

The Global Catalog authenticates network user logons and fields inquiries about objects
across a forest or tree. Every domain has at least one GC that is hosted on a domain
controller. In Windows 2000, there was typically one GC on every site in order to prevent
user logon failures across the network.

Or

A global catlog server is a domain controller.it’s master database that contains information
about every objet in every domain controller.

Or

server hold the full information about the local domain and partial information about trusted
domain called Global Catlog. In a Domain Network first DC hold this role by default

10. What remote access options does Windows Server 2003 support?

Dial-in, VPN, dial-in with callback.


11. Where are the settings for all the users stored on a given machine?

\Document and Settings\All Users

12. What languages can you use for log-on scripts?

JavaScipt, VBScript, DOS batch files (.com, .bat, or even .exe)

13. What is a C name record (in DNS)?

Canonical name for a DNS alias, code 5. Note that if a domain name has a CNAME record
associated with it, then it can not have any other record types. In addition, CNAME records
should not point to domain names which themselves have associated CNAME records, so
CNAME only provides one layer of indirection.

A CNAME record maps an alias or nickname to the real or Canonical name which may lie
outside the current zone. Canonical means expected or real name

14. Which is the deafult protocol used in directory services?

Ldap, is the default protocol for Active Directory and Port no is 389.

15. What are main differences between WINS and DNS ???

WINS:- It is used to resolve IP address into netbios Viceversa it is used prior version of
win 2000
DNS:-It is used to resolve IP address into host name.Viceversa it is used in 2000, XP,
2003 server

16. What is a Server And Types of servers?

A Server is a computer or device on a network that manages network resources. For


example, a file server is a computer and storage device dedicated to storing files Any
user on the network can store files on the server. A print server is a computer that
manages one or more printers and a network server is a computer that manages
network traffic.

There are 4 Types of Servers:

Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition


Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition
Windows Server 2003 Datacentre Edition
Windows Server 2003 Web Edition

You have Domain controllers, Member servers and Standalone


Servers.
Windows 2003 Servers are configured based on the services
they provide. You can set them up to do certain roles.
The roles servers are setup with are:
Application Server - Web Services

DHCP Server - Assigning IPs to PC's

DNS Server - Resolves PC Names into IP

Domain Controller - has ADS, manages logon, Authenticates,


Provides Driectory services and has a Data store. Installs
DNS and ADS.

File server - Manages access to files

Mail server - For small sites where you need mail, but not
a powerful Echange server

Print Server - manages printers

Remote Access/VPN Server - routes Network traffic


Server Cluster Node - Server that operates as part of a
group. supported by Datacentre and Enterprise only

Streaming media Server - a server that provides Streaming


media to other systems on the network. Suported by Standard
and snterprise servers only

Terminal Server - a server that proceses tasks for multiple


client pc's in a termanl services mode.

Wins Server - Resolved Netbios Names into IP

17. What is Raid, & how many types of Raids are there?

RAID - Redundant Array of Independant Disks

RAID stands for Redundant Array of Independent Disks, used to provide fault tolerance to
database servers. There are six RAID levels 0 through 5 offering different levels of
performance, fault tolerance

There are 2 types of raids

1. Software raid
2. Hardware raid

Raid levels

Raid 0 to 6
Hybrid Raids

0+1

1+0

5+1

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