UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE

POWER ELECTRONICS AND MOTION CONTROL: EE420

Lecturer Dr. T. Marisa

Tutorial 1

.
Question 1

The none ideal model and frequency response of a real world (non ideal) resistor is shown in Figure 1.

• Ideal model • Non-ideal model

0dB/decade
-20dB/decade
• Various loads and losses
are usually represented by
+20dB/decade
an equivalent resistance

Resistive Capacitive Inductive

Figure 1: The non ideal resistor.

(a) Explain the components and relative values of Llead , Cpar and R. [3]
(b) Explain the frequency response of the resistor. [3]
Total for Q.1: 6 marks

Question 2

The none ideal model of a real world (non ideal) capacitor is shown in Figure 2.

Rparallel
ESR ESL

C
Figure 2: The non ideal capacitor.

(a) Explain the components and relative values of Llead , Cpar and R. [3]
(b) Draw and explain the frequency response of the capacitor. [5]

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 Total for Q.2: 8 marks

Question 3

(a) Draw the non ideal model of a power inductor. [3]

(b) Explain the effect of components in the inductor model on the performance of the inductor in power [3]
electronics applications, consider behavior in low and high frequency applications.
(c) Draw and explain the frequency response of the induction for low, medium and high frequencies. [5]
Total for Q.3: 11 marks

Question 4

Give four types of capacitors and explain their advantages and disadvantages and give possible applica-
tions where each type of capacitor would be suitable.
Question 5

A uniform ring of cast iron has a cross-sectional area of 20 cm2 and a mean circumference of 40 cm.
Determine the m.m.f. necessary to produce a flux of 0.7 mWb in the ring. The magnetization curve for
cast iron is shown on Fig. 3:

Figure 3: Magnetization curves for selected materials.

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Question 6

You are employed to design a highly compact transformer, given the materials in Figure 4, select a
material for a high energy transformer design, with core length ℓ = 2 m, primary current Ip = 20 A and
primary turns 30 turns, explain your choice.

B (T)
2.0

1.8

1.6 Sheet steel

Cast steel
1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6
Cast iron

0.4

0.2

H(At/m)
0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 3900 4200 4500

Figure 4: Magnetization curves for selected materials.

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 Total for Q.6: 5 marks

Question 7

A uniform mild steel ring has a diameter of 100 mm and a cross-sectional area of 5 cm2 .
(a) Determine the m.m.f. necessary to produce a flux of 0.07 mWb in the ring. (Use the B-H curve for [2]
mild steel shown on Fig. 3)
(b) If a coil of 600 turns is wound uniformly around the ring in Part (a) what current would be required [2]
to produce the flux?
Total for Q.7: 4 marks

Question 8

From the magnetization curve for mild steel shown on Fig. 3,

(a) derive the curve of relative permeability against magnetic field strength. From your graph determine [3]
i. the value of µr when the magnetic field strength is 1300 A/m, and [2]
ii. the value of the magnetic field strength when µr is 400. [2]
Total for Q.8: 7 marks

Question 9

A silicon iron ring of cross-sectional area 500 mm2 has a radial air gap of 4 mm cut into it. If the mean
length of the silicon iron path is 80 cm calculate the magnetomotive force to produce a flux of 0.9 mWb.
The magnetization curve for silicon is shown on Fig. 3.
Question 10

A mild steel closed magnetic circuit has a mean length of 120 mm and a cross-sectional area of 500 mm2 .
A current of 0.5 A flows in a coil wound uniformly around the circuit and the flux produced is 0.4 mWb.
If the relative permeability of the steel at this value of current is 400 find
(a) the reluctance of the material and [2]
(b) the number of turns of the coil. [2]
Total for Q.10: 4 marks

Question 11

A section through a magnetic circuit of uniform cross-sectional area 5 mm2 is shown in Fig. 5 The mild
steel core has a mean length of 50 cm. The air gap is 50 mm wide and the coil has 8000 turns. The B-H
curve for mild steel is shown on Fig. 3. Determine the current in the coil to produce a flux density of
1.2 T in the air gap, assuming that all the flux passes through both parts of the magnetic circuit.

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 I

8000 Turns

50 cm

Figure 5: Magnetic circuit.

Question 12

A section through a magnetic circuit of uniform cross-sectional area 24 mm2 is shown in Fig. 6 The cast
steel core has a mean length of 80 cm. The air gap is 120 mm wide and the coil has 6000 turns. The
B-H curve for cast steel is shown on Fig. 3. Determine the current in the coil to produce a flux density
of 2.2 T in the air gap, assuming that all the flux passes through both parts of the magnetic circuit.

6000 Turns

80 cm

Figure 6: Magnetic circuit.

Question 13

A ring forming a magnetic circuit is made from two materials; one part is mild steel of mean length 60 cm
and cross-sectional area 6 cm2 , and the remainder is cast iron of mean length 40 cm and cross-sectional
area 7.5 cm2 .
(a) Use a tabular approach to determine the total m.m.f. required to cause a flux of 0.7 mWb in the [2]
magnetic circuit.
(b) Find also the total reluctance of the circuit. Use the magnetisation curves shown on Fig. 3. [2]
Total for Q.13: 4 marks

Question 14

In the device shown in Fig. 7,

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 Figure 7: Simple single phase transformer

when the current in the primary coil of 1000 turns increases linearly from 1 A to 6 A in 200 ms, an e.m.f.
of 4 V is induced into the secondary coil of 480 turns, which is left open circuited. Determine
(a) the mutual inductance of the two coils, [2]
(b) the reluctance of the former, and [2]
(c) the self-inductance of the primary coil. [2]
Total for Q.14: 6 marks

Question 15

A magnetic core has the following properties: the core area Am = 0.931 cm2 , the magnetic path length
of ℓm = 3.76 cm, and the relative permeability of the material is µr = µm /µo = 5000.
(a) Calculate the reluctance R of this core. [2]
(b) Calculate the reluctance of an air gap of length ℓg = 1 mm, if it is introduced in the core. [2]
(c) A coil with N=25 turns is wound on a core with an air gap described in Problem Calculate the [2]
inductance of this coil.
(d) If the flux density in the core in in part (c) is not to exceed 0.2 T, what is the maximum current [2]
that can be allowed to flow through this inductor coil?
(e) At the maximum current calculated in part (d), calculate the energy stored in the magnetic core [2]
and the air gap, and compare the two.
Total for Q.15: 10 marks

End of Exam
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