SUMMER TRAINING REPORT

Conducted at

WORLDFA EXPORTS PVT. LTD.

On

QUALITY CONTROL

Submitted to

Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal

In the partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of Degree of
Master of Business Administration
Session [2019-2021]

Submitted By:
Name: VIPIN CHAUHAN
Roll No.: 19004532018

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MURTHAL (SONEPAT)
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Acknowledgements

One of the most pleasant part of documenting a project is the opportunity to express
gratitude towards those who came forward to help me during the project and gave me
the opportunity to work with them and helping me to work on new things.

I extend my profound thanks to Mr. Mahinder Kumar for his invaluable guidance and
support.

It is my privilege to express gratitude to my guide Mrs. Anita whose guidance has

been there to help me sail through my problems.

I extend my gratitude to Bharat Institute of Technology & Management for giving

me this opportunity.

I also acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence, my gratitude towards my parents

and member of my family, who has always supported me morally as well as
economically.

At last but not least gratitude goes to all of my friends who directly or indirectly helped
me to complete this project report.

Any omission in this brief acknowledgement does not mean lack of gratitude.

……………….

Vipin Chauhan
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Declaration

I, Vipin Chauhan Student of BHARAT INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &

MANAGEMENT, SONEPAT hereby submit this report in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of degree of MBA. I declare that the work presented in this
report is my original and is not submitted anywhere else for the award of any
degree/diploma by any other university. To the best of my knowledge and belief, this
project report entitled, “QUALITY CONTROL” contains no material previously
published or written by any other person, expect where due reference is made.

__________________________

Signature of the Student

Name: ____________________

Date: _____________________
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Abstract

This project of human resource will help and permits the management to know the
awareness and level of Quality Control regarding the production they are performing on
daily basis. The term Quality Control exposes and focuses on the quality of the
products towards the production. This project tries to categorize the causes of defects
and maintaining quality of products in the company. So this is the most successful and
choosy tool for diagnosing and peeping the quality control.

This project throws light on the quality of products manufactured in Worldfa Exports
Pvt. Ltd. Company. The study like methodologies and case study recognize to
manufacture the best quality of products and provide services to their customers.

Effective quality control helps you to control the quality of products in company, so
you can be happier, improved, and more productive. The ultimate goal is to improve
the quality of the products and giving the best services to their customers and compete
their competitors.

In first chapter, the research problem and purpose of project, objective of the project
has been discussed. In next chapter, Research design and analysis pattern. In third
chapter, Organizational profile is given. In the next chapter, quality control concept
discussed.

Some limitations may be there in a study of this nature because some confidential take
may create problem for the company in future. Try best different for the concept.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION..........................................................................................................................................IV
1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................1
1.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................................5
1.2 REVIEW OF EXISTING LITERATURE...............................................................................................8
1.3 CONCEPTUALIZATION..................................................................................................................13
1.4 FOCUS OF THE PROBLEM.............................................................................................................19
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.........................................................................................................20
1.6 HYPOTHESES...............................................................................................................................21
2 ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE........................................................................................................23
2.1 BUSINESS OF THE ORGANIZATION..............................................................................................23
2.2 MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES......................................................................................................27
2.3 PRODUCT & SERVICES OFFERED BY THE ORGANIZATION..........................................................28
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY........................................................................................................36
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN......................................................................................................................36
3.2 UNIVERSE & SURVEY POPULATION............................................................................................37
3.3 SAMPLE.......................................................................................................................................37
3.4 COLLECTION OF DATA................................................................................................................37
3.5 ANALYSIS PATTERN....................................................................................................................38
4 QUALITY CONTROL CONCEPT....................................................................................................39
5 DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION......................................................................................47
5.1 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS..............................................................................................................57
5.2 SWOT ANALYSIS........................................................................................................................63
5.3 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS.................................................................................................................65
6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY......................................................................................................67
7 CONCLUSION.....................................................................................................................................68
8 SUGGESTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................................................69
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................................70
10 ANNEXURE.........................................................................................................................................71
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1 Introduction

Quality control is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved
in production. A part of quality management paying concentration on satisfying quality
requirements. This approach places an emphasis on three aspects:

1. Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed

processes, routine and reliability criteria, and classification of records
2. Capability like information, skills, practice, and qualifications
3. Soft elements for example employees, respect, confidence, organizational
culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality dealings.

Controls include product examination, where every product is inspected visually, and
repeatedly using a stereo microscope for fine detail before the product is sold into the
outside market. The quality of the production is at risk if any of these three aspect is
deficient in any way.
Quality control highlight testing of products to expose defects and reporting to
management who make the decision to allow or reject product release, whereas quality
declaration attempts to improve and stabilize production to avoid, or at least decrease,
issues which led to the defect in the first place. For agreement work, mainly work
awarded by government agencies, quality control issues are among the top reasons for
not renewing a contract.

DEFINITION:-
It’s a process through which a business seems to be guarantee that product quality is
sealed or improved and manufacturing errors are determined or reduced. This is done
by training workforce, creating principles for product quality, and testing products to
check for statistically required differences.

Quality control means the acknowledgment and elimination of identifiable causes and
defects, and variables from the set standards.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Quality control is used to predict all those activities which are intended for defining,
controlling and maintaining quality.
Quality control is competent control by management of the variables in the
manufacturing process that affect decency of the end-product.

Types of Quality Control

To make sure product production and system operation functions at their best,
businesses uses quality control. Quality control observes not only the product itself, but
the way it is shaped, stored and transported. Some quality control is intended, but
sometimes its record must be kept for state and federal regulations. To make a product
that is consistent and reliable, businesses use different types of quality control through
every part of production.

Internal Quality Control

When a company introduces set of rules to check their system, this is called internal
quality control. This can range from routine checking of tools, having a colleague go
over another employee's data analysis, or administration standards and controls on a
usual basis.

External Quality Control

When goods or data is sent to an outside business not associated with the company, this
is external control. A food company may regularly examine the nutritional value of a
food item it produces in its own lab, but to verify its results, the food item will also be
sent to an outside lab. This verification is important to obtain Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) tagging and to prove to the FDA that the food company's
production methods are reliable.

Proficiency Testing Quality Control

A special type of quality control regularly done on a colleague basis or to gain
authorization is proficiency testing.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

In this the company is sent a series of tests to perform. The results are sent back and the
company receives a grade on its expertise. This type of testing is often done in
laboratories, where responsive equipment and multiple protocols need to be verified as
accurate before the lab is allowed to continue its work.

Quality Control Process

The quality control process is divided into three processes, ensuring that focused
expertise is applied to each stage of our operation. This system also provides the
redundancy necessary to prevent any quality problem from escaping detection.

Incoming Quality Control

It’s a job of the Incoming Quality Control process to conduct inspections and handle
quality issues before the gathering process starts.

Specific tasks of Incoming Quality Control include:

 Perform approved retailer check list
 Calculate supplier quality records
 Perform sampling of incoming materials supported the MIL-STD-105E
standard
 Perform dimension, visual and functional inspection of fabric samples
 Monitor quality control chart of inspected properties and alert engineering staff
of important deviations
 Continuously improve the Incoming Quality Control process.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

In-Process Quality Control

Our IPQC process governs our quality systems during the assembly process so as to
detect and handle any problems which will arise during assembly.

Specific tasks of IPQC include:

 Perform inspections on assembled and in-process materials as par IPC-A-610D
standards
 Conduct in-line automated and manual
 Apply first-article inspection after process setup
 Develop statistical control techniques and observe for significant variations
 Perform in-process audits to confirm processes are up to regular, and to spot
factors needing improvement.

Outgoing Quality Assurance

Outgoing Quality Assurance is the final process before products ship to customers, and
therefore it is most important to ensure that our shipment is defect-free. Many
redundancies with Incoming Quality Control and In-Process Quality Control be present
here to ensure the validity of earlier processes.

Specific tasks of Outgoing Quality Assurance include:

 Perform diagram and functional examination
 Confirm first-article inspection
 Repeat approved dealer list check
 Apply sampling supported the MIL-STD-105E standard
 Conduct faithfulness testing
 Surrender failure analysis reports and alert engineering staff.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1.1 Significance of the Study

Present era is the ‘Era of Quality’ during this age of competition and massive scale
production, only that manufacturer can survive who supplies better quality goods and
provides service to-the consumers. After all internal control has become most important
concern before establishing an industrial undertaking. Proper internal control guarantee
best use of obtainable resources and reduction in cost of production to attain and
maintain a satisfactory level of quality of products could be a very difficult task.
It involves many steps to be undertaken:-

 Product must possess a minimum level of quality so it might be easily sold

within the market.
 In order to calculate quality, accurate standard measurements must be
established.
 Reasonable deviation from the preset standards must be determined.
 Acceptable level of quality must be achieved with a least cost.

Following are the important objectives of quality control:

 To establish the specified quality standards which are acceptable to the

purchasers
 To discover flaws or variations within the raw materials and also the
manufacturing processes so as to confirm smooth and uninterrupted production.
 To estimate the methods and processes of production and advise further
improvements in their functioning.
 To study and establish the point of quality difference in a product during the
manufacturing process.
 To analyze in thoroughly the causes answerable for such differences.
 To undertake such steps which are helpful in achieving the required quality of
the merchandise
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

WHY QUALITY CONTROL IS IMPORTANT

Quality control is very important to assembling a successful business that brings

products that meet or exceed customers’ expectations. It also forms the premise of an
well-organized business that minimizes waste and operates at high levels of
productivity. A high quality control system is predicated on a recognized standard, such
as ISO 9001 published by the International Organization for Standardization, provides a
strong base for achieving a large range of selling and operational reimbursement.

1. Competitiveness
The ability to provide customers’ quality products provides a sturdy competitive
advantage. Quality helps you to win business from competitors who don’t seem
to be ready to match your standards and provides you the possibility to charge
premium prices for a superior product. It may open new business openings in
market sectors where quality is serious.

2. Customer Loyalty
Providing the market with quality products helps to increase customer
satisfaction and trustworthiness. Satisfied customers accept that your products
will still provide reliable performance in the future, which increases the
probability that they are going to buy from you again. Satisfied customers may
recommend your products to other companies, either directly or by providing
testimonials that you simply can use in your marketing communications.

3. Reputation
Quality makes a very important input to your company’s reputation, particularly
with the expansion of social media. Customers share their views on products
and services on product review sites and social media, like Facebook. Positive
reviews and comments can strengthen your own marketing efforts, but quality
problems can have a harmful effect on your reputation if the word spreads.
A serious quality issue, sort of a product recall, may additionally attract media
attention, causing further damage.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

4. Compliance
Compliance with recognized quality principles could even be essential for doing
business with certain groups of consumers. If you are a part of a supply chain,
as an example, the lead manufacturer may impose consistent quality standards
on all members of the chain. Some customers aim to cut back or eliminate the
value of inspecting incoming components or materials by insisting that their
suppliers implement the same quality system. If you employ in an exceedingly
sector, like chemicals or food, you may have to adjust with industry quality
standards.

5. Costs
Quality control can help to reduce your production and merchandise support
costs. A top quality control system helps to lower levels of waste and rework,
cutting costs and improving productivity and production efficiency. Delivering
quality products may also be reduce the amount of returns you have got to be
compelled to handle or the value of repairing or servicing products within the
field.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1.2 Review of Existing Literature

1. Traders urge govt. to withdraw steel Quality Control Order

12, 2015
MUMBAI: the tiny and steel manufacturers today urged the govt to withdraw the
proposed steel and steel products internal control Order. Under the proposed Steel and
Steel Products Order, 2015, government is about to bring several steel products under a
compulsory Bureau of Indian Standards registration. 
"We have urged the govt to not implement the proposed steel and steel products
internal control order because it will jeopardize the standard of supplies, cost of
production and make thousands of steel manufacturers sick," Federation of
Associations of Maharashtra president Mohan Gurnani said in a very release issued
here. "The Order is nothing but an attempt to make barrier to prevent import of Hot
Rolled Coil steel essentially required to bridge the gap between industry's demand and
provide by domestic steel producers. 
As per the proposed steel and steel products Order, several steel products would require
mandatory Bureau of Indian Standards registration, which currently takes about 10-12
months of processing," Gurani said. "The incontrovertible fact that this could highly
affect the imports of hot rolled steel and also the merchants would be forced to pay 20
percent more to the local suppliers, which within the longer run would affect the
shoppers, he added.
The Quality Control order states, the target was to regulate quality of steel in India, but
in effect, it'll monopolies the business and benefits local Steel mills who will increase
the worth and therefore the user industry are going to be hit hard. Ultimately, it's
expected that the steel price will go up substantially, Gurnani added. 

2. Repeal proposed Quality Control Order for steel imports: FII to government
Jun 21, 2015
NEW DELHI: Government should repeal the proposed internal control Order with
respect to steel imports else it'd adversely impact India's international trade relations, an
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

industry body has said. Under the proposed products under a compulsory Bureau of
Indian Standards registration.

In its letter to the Steel Ministry, the Federation of Industries of India (FII) has said that
internal control Order is nothing but an endeavor to make barrier to prevent import of
Hot Rolled (HR) Coil steel essentially required to bridge the gap between industry's
demands and provide by domestic steel producers. 

"The proposed internal control Order, 2015, if not withdrawn by the Steel Ministry,
would have an enormous adverse impact on our international trade relations as no
foreign country or their companies, would choose cumbersome BIS registration
procedure for the sake of exporting small quantities of steel, occasionally to some
engineering companies in India," FII said within the letter. It said the Control Order
would dent relations with countries like Korea and Japan. "The foreign companies are
equally competent to introduce same quite non-tariff restrictions on export from
India. Under such restrictions, how our PM's Make In India programme would become
a hit here, if other countries stop our exports through similar non-tariff restrictions," it
said.

3. Toyota’s focus on quality control may delay launches

Aug 26, 2006
OYAMA: Toyota Motor's campaign to strengthen vehicle quality and reduce recalls
could delay some models, Toyota president Katsuaki Watanabe said on Friday. But the
world's No 2 automaker has not made a broad decision to delay models across the
board, Watanabe said, with the event of individual vehicles to be decided case-by-case.

The Japanese automaker is tightening its internal control methods in a very campaign to
scale back a spate of recalls that might erode the company's reputation for reliable
vehicles. "We try and affirm each process," Watanabe said at an illustration of safety
features west of Tokyo. "And in this process, some could also be delayed, and a few
could also be on time." 
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

The Wall Street Journal reported on Thursday that Toyota was considering slowing the
event of some new models by the maximum amount as six months due to the standard
problems. Watanabe said the company's emphasis was on ensuring quality-control
procedures were properly followed, instead of on what quantity time the method took.
He denied the recalls occurred because Toyota rushed the event of some models. The
corporate is reviewing design, procurement, and other stages of car manufacturing,
while more closely examining buyer complaints to cut back recalls and production
defects, he said. "I feel we are making progress," Watanabe told reporters. 

He also said he didn't know of any specific models that might be delayed by the
changes. Toyota has faced an increasing number of recalls partially because of its
efforts to chop costs by using the identical parts across different models. In addition,
Japanese authorities have launched a criminal investigation into three Toyota officials
suspected of failing to try and do anything a few faulty steering part, which can have
caused a '04 head-on accident that injured five people.

4. FDA launches project to cut quality control lapses at drug makers

Mon Jan 12, 2015
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration launched an initiative on Monday aimed at
reducing lapses in quality control at pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities. Dr. Janet
Woodcock, head of the FDA's pharmaceuticals division, said at a news conference that
the project, some 10 years in the making, is designed to establish consistent quality
standards for all drugs, whether brand name or generic.

The FDA has established an Office of Pharmaceutical Quality that will be responsible
for some 10,000 decisions a year and manage the process.

Drugs currently being evaluated for approval will remain with their existing review
team at the FDA. New applications will be filed with the new office beginning
immediately, Woodcock said.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Under the new structure, drug companies can expect a more integrated review and
greater communication with the agency, she said.

The FDA will propose a set of quality metrics for drug makers. After a public comment
period the agency will produce a final rule. Woodcock was not able to give any time-
frame for when that might be.

Between 2013 and 2014, the number of drug recalls fell by 20 percent, and the Class I
recalls, the most dangerous to public health, fell by 30 percent, according to Todd
Harris, vice president of recalls at recall-manager
The average annual number of recalled units between 2010 and 2012 was 225 million,
Harris said. The number between 2013 and 2014 was roughly 70 million units.

"While we can't say explicitly the cause of the downward trend, what we do know is
that there is a trend of increasing regulatory scrutiny, which may cause manufacturers
to adhere to stricter quality guidelines," Harris said.

5. Govt. to bring 18 steel products under quality control order

New Delhi | April 14, 2015
The government is set to bring 18 steel products, including hot-rolled coil and cold-
rolled coil, under an extant quality control order for the sector, taking the number of
steel items under it to 33. The objective is to ensure better quality for domestic end-use
industries and putting brakes on galloping imports of the alloy.
The proposal, pending concurrence from the BIS, follows the persistent demand of
domestic steelmakers, who have been struggling to sell their products as a result of
dumping of products, including seconds and defectives, by China, Japan, Korea and
Russia, among others. A steel ministry source said a list of products to be brought under
quality control has been sent to the BIS nearly one-and-a-half months ago for its
concurrence. As soon as it comes, the norms wills be implemented. “The commerce
ministry had directed us nearly two years ago to improve quality on 40 items.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Subsequently, 15 items were brought under the Steel and Steel Products Order, 2012 in
October last year.
We have a fresh list of 18 items where quality control is required after consulting
stakeholders for BIS consultation,” said the official.
These 18 items account for nearly 70% of the total imports, which stood at 9.32 mt last
fiscal. The order would also apply to domestic steelmakers. The steel industry is not
averse to the idea, hoping that it would provide them some cushion from imports,
which grew 71% in 2014-15 over the previous fiscal.
The government insists on improving the quality of the products, which has a direct
bearing on the safety and security of human beings and infrastructure. While it ensures
better products, it also acts as a guard against imports of inferior quality products.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1.3 Conceptualization

Continuous improvement is an ongoing effort to boost products, services or processes.

These efforts can seek “incremental” improvement over time or “breakthrough”
improvement all directly.
Among the foremost widely used tools for continuous improvement could be a four-
step quality Model the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle, also called Deming Cycle.

 Plan: Identify a chance and plan for change.

 Do: Implement the change on little scale.
 Check: Use data to investigate the results of the change and determine whether
it made a difference.
 Act: If the change was successful, implement it on a wider scale and
continuously assess your results. If the change failed to work, begin the cycle
again.

Quality doesn’t cost money. It’s poor-quality products and services that assemble extra
costs for your organization. Here’s a way to start eliminating these expensive
shortcomings.
The “cost of quality” isn’t the value of making a top quality product or service.

Every time work is redone, the value of quality increases. Obvious examples include:
 The reworking of a manufactured item
 The retesting of an assembly
 The rebuilding of a tool
 The correction of a financial statement

 The reworking of a service, like the reprocessing of a loan operation or the

replacement of a food order in an exceedingly restaurant

In short, any cost that may not are expended if quality were perfect contributes to the
value of quality. 
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Tips and resources for helping you identify your customers and what it'll go for satisfy
them.
Organizations of all sorts and sizes have come to understand that their main focus must
be to satisfy their customers.
This applies to industrial firms, retail and wholesale businesses, government bodies,
service companies, nonprofit organizations and each subgroup within a company.

Two important questions:

1. Who are the customers?
2. What does it want to satisfy them?

The terms “quality assurance” and “quality control” are often used interchangeably to
seek advice from ways of ensuring the standard of a service or product. The terms,
however, have different meanings.

 Assurance: The act of giving confidence, the state of being certain or the act of
constructing certain.
 Quality assurance: The planned and systematic activities implemented in an
exceedingly quality system in order that quality requirements for a product or
service are fulfilled.
 Control: An evaluation to point needed corrective responses; the act of guiding
a process during which variability is thanks to a relentless system of chance
causes.
 Quality control: The observation techniques and activities accustomed fulfill
requirements for quality.

The quality of what goes into a product or service determines the standard of what
comes out. Here’s a way to keep costs low and quality high. Performance means taking
inputs (such as employee work, marketplace requirements, operating funds, raw
materials and supplies) and effectively and efficiently converting them to outputs
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

deemed valuable by customers. It’s in your best interest to select and work with
suppliers in ways that will provide for high quality.

Supplier performance is about more than just a low purchase price:

• The costs of business, communication, problem declaration and switching

dealers all impact overall cost.
• The reliability of supplier delivery, as well as the supplier’s internal policies
such as inventory levels, all impact supply-chain performance.
It used to be general to line up various suppliers for the same raw matter, over worry
about running out of stock or a wish to play suppliers against one another for price
declines. But this has given way a way for some industries to work more closely with a
smaller number of suppliers in longer-term, partnership-oriented provisions.

Benefits of supplier partnerships include:

• Partnership preparations with fewer suppliers mean less difference in essential
process inputs.
• If your suppliers have confirmed to be effective at controlling their output, you
don’t need to examine the supplier and their product as closely. Ascertain an
effective supplier management process requires
• Maintain from the top management of both companies occupied.
• Mutual trust.
• Expenditure more money now to develop the association, in orders to avoid
problems later.

The developed industry is in a special situation: Much of what producers purchase is

then integrated into their products. This means there is a higher intrinsic risk, or
potential brunt, in the developed customer-supplier relationship. For this reason,
producers often develop complete supplier-management processes.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Many of those same processes have been modified by non-manufacturing businesses.

This is mainly true of partnerships and associations, which are becoming a prevalent
way of sharing knowledge and resources and spreading risk in a compound global
environment.

Applying Fundamental Quality Control Concepts

Your organization can implement several fundamental internal control processes to
make sure that you simply produce or deliver a high-quality product or service. the
subsequent sections present the data you would like to see how you'll be able to
integrate internal control processes into your organization.

Introducing quality control to your business

The introduction of a top quality control process into a company may be a serious
shock to its system. The subsequent components are crucial if you would like to reduce
the shock and gain acceptance within your organization:

 Advertise acceptance of the program from important stakeholders within your

organization.
 Give communication power to a sponsor who can articulate the necessity for
change and who has the political power to achieve compliance when required.
 Communicate the explanations for the change and therefore the benefits it'll
bring round everyone within the organization.
 Train employees within the new ways of the organization. You would like
workers doing the proper things consistently because success helps to realize
support.

Like most other changes, internal control is best introduced in small bits. a technique to
try and do this is often to make a trial that enables you to create a tiny low change to a
tiny low a part of your process to work out the change's effect. If the results are good,
you'll implement the change on a wider basis; if the change is bad, you've limited the
damage done.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Listening to your customers

An important concept in internal control is taking note of the customer; we call this
being attentive to the voice of the customer (the VOC). Although this task seems pretty
simple, you'll find that your customers do not know exactly what they have, or they
cannot articulate their needs. The customer typically has three desires: They want it
good.
 They want it fast.
 They want it cheap.

Of course, within the planet, consumers seldom get all three, so you wish to spot what's
most significant in your customers' buying decisions, and you wish to create sure you
satisfy those needs. You have several ways to listen to the VOC:

 You can ask by handing out questionnaires, conducting interviews, reviewing

complaints, holding focus groups, reviewing purchasing patterns, and
interviewing field personnel.
 You can borrow good ideas from your competitors. Do not be afraid to use good
ideas, regardless of where you discover them.
 You can use an honest customer relationship management (CRM) system,
which may be a handy tool for gathering and analyzing data about customers.

Measuring your quality

The old management saying "You can't manage what you cannot measure" rings very
true in internal control. A decent measurement system helps you to grasp where you
have been and where you are going. Customers typically require that you just measure
certain attributes of your product or service against their specifications.
Your job is to see what to live, the way to measure it, and when to live it. Employee
training is critical to confirm that everybody involved in your process measures the
identical specifications within the same way.
You furthermore may have to collect data in a very usable format in order that you'll
analyze it to work out the effectiveness of your quality process. The effectiveness of
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

your quality process is directly associated with the standard of your data collection and
analysis process. If you do not have good data, you cannot keep decisions.

Evaluating your quality

The most common thanks to analyze the info you collect is to use statistics. Statistics
serve many purposes within quality control:
• Statistics allow you to work out which processes or parts of processes are
causing your company the foremost problems.
• You can use statistics for sampling in order that you do not should test 100% of
the things you create.
• Statistics can facilitate your spot relationships between the values you measure
whether or not the relationships aren't obvious. They also allow you to spot
small variations in your process which will result in big problems if you do not
correct them.

Although statistics can seem daunting, you'll be able to use many simple tools to
greatly improve your quality tools that do not require a sophisticated degree in
statistics.
Although much of statistics allows you to seem back only at what is going on within
the past, Statistical Process Control (SPC) allows you to spot problems before they will
negatively impact the standard of your product or service. The essential idea behind
SPC is that if you'll spot a change in an exceedingly process before it gets to the
purpose of creating bad products, you'll be able to fix the method before bad products
hit the shelves.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1.4 Focus of the Problem

 There are some criteria regarding the standard of the merchandise which must
be followed seriously so as to take care of the general quality of the
merchandise product.
 It couldn’t be either decreased nor be increased from the set standards.
 Not all of the numerous approaches to quality control are equally effective.
 Nonconformities in laboratory testing are caused basically by unnecessary
process difference and mistakes.
 Statistical internal quality control can effectively control process variation, but it
cannot detect or avoid most mistakes.
 Mistakes or errors are frequently the leading source of nonconformities; we
conclude that statistical internal quality control by itself isn’t effective.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1.5 Objectives of the Study

Primary Objective:

To find out the quality of products in Worldfa exports private limited are relevant or
not.
Secondary Objectives:

 To do a financial analysis of the aluminium used in making domestic utensils.

 The willpower of working capital as well as break even analysis.
 To learn the whole capital investment.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1.6 Hypotheses

A hypothesis may be a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. For a hypothesis to be

a scientific hypothesis, the methodology requires that one can test it.

Scientists generally base scientific hypotheses on previous observations that can't

satisfactorily be explained with the available scientific theories. Although the words
"hypothesis" and "theory" are often used synonymously, a scientific hypothesis isn't the
identical as a theory.

A working hypothesis could be a provisionally accepted hypothesis proposed for

further research.

Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis refers to a general statement or default position that there's no
relationship between two measured phenomena. Rejecting or disproving the null
hypothesis and thus concluding that there are grounds for believing that there's a
relationship between two phenomena (e.g. that a possible treatment includes a
measurable effect) is a central task within the modern practice of science, and offers a
certain sense within which a claim is capable of being proven false.

The null hypothesis is usually assumed to be true until evidence indicates otherwise. In
statistics, it's often denoted H0 (“H-nought”, "H-null", or "H-zero").

The concept of a null hypothesis is employed differently in two approaches to statistical

inference. Within the significance testing approach of Ronald Fisher, a null hypothesis
is potentially rejected or disproved on the premise of knowledge that's significant under
its assumption, but the null hypothesis is rarely accepted or proved.

In the hypothesis testing approach of Jerzy Neyman and Egon Pearson, a null
hypothesis is contrasted with an alternate hypothesis, and therefore the two hypotheses
are distinguished on the idea of information, with certain error rates.

Alternative Hypothesis:-
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

In statistical hypothesis testing, the choice hypothesis (or maintained hypothesis or

research hypothesis) and also the null hypothesis are the 2 rival hypotheses which are
compared by a statistical hypothesis test. Alternative Hypothesis is denoted by Ha

Here during this project =

H0 = the company uses optimum quality control methods.

Ha = There is a lack in quality control methods.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

2 Organizational Profile

An ISO 9001:2008 complete manufacturing unit since 1986 Capacity of 30

million pcs/800 containers. In house Q.A team of 12 members Self inspection
permission by Walmart, Tesco, Metro etc. In-House professional designing and
packaging facilities.

2.1 Business of the Organization

F EATURES 

 27 YEARS MANUFACTURING EXPERIENCE

 CAPACITY 800 CONTAINERS PER YEAR (CURRENTLY UTILIZING
80% RESOURCES)
 SOCIAL ETHICAL AND TECHNICAL COMPLIANCE BY: SEDEX, ICS,
BSCI
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

 SELF INSPECTION BY: WALMART, TESCO, ALDI etc.

 Overseas Representatives: USA, Australia, Germany, France, Brazil, UK, South
Africa, Hungry, Canada, Argentina, China, Spain, Mexico etc.

Production Strength

 Incorporated in 1986
 ISO 9001:2008 Manufacturing Unit
 Capacity of 20 million pcs/800 containers
 Cost efficient hydraulic & double action presses
 Advanced machinery for spinning, punching, fabrication,
 Encapsulation of cookware with latest brazing machine.
 Updated technology for projection, argon & seam welding.
 In-house powder coating, etching, printing, electroplating etc
 Specialized in powder coating done on tin and carbon steel material
 Palletisation and factory stuffing facility

Design Strength

 In-house & Overseas product designers

 Innovative and customized designs: practically & technically examined.
 Over 5000 products including kitchenware, tableware, flatware, barware,
 pet ware, decorative, utility items etc
 In house sampling division and mould development facility
 Graphic designers for stickers, colour boxes, customized pallets & PDQs,
 Packaging solutions etc.

Audits, testing and inspections

 Social, ethical and technical compliant

 Customized audit solutions (FDA)
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

 Countrywide analysis, registrations, evaluation and authorization of products

 Safety certification & CPSIA Testing
 Labeling and packaging test
 Following QC manuals at pre, midline & final inspection with AQL
0.5,1.5,2.5,4 etc
 Product Traceability in production
 In-house testings like deep draw cupping test, composition test, drop test, box
busting test etc
 Outsource testing such as material composition using calibrated spectrometer,
food safety, lead and
 Cadmium free, dishwasher safe, FFGB, California Prop 65 etc.

Social Responsibilities

 Training, health awareness & social activities

 Organizing blood donation camps, funding old age homes and sponsoring
 Physically handicapped people
 Prevent global warming by using pollution free, proper ventilated & eco
friendly
 Production, utilization of sunlight & fresh air in production
 Staff car pooling & CNG cab for workers
 Rain water harvesting, solar heater & light etc
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

2.2 Management Procedures

Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

2.3 Product & Services offered by the Organization

Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.
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Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

3 Research Methodology
The researcher focused on Descriptive research design. Data collection has done
throughout the secondary data collected in kind of Books, Journals, Internet and other
resources.

3.1 Research Design

 Descriptive

A descriptive study is one inside which in order is collected without changing the
environment. Basically these are comment as “correlation” or “observational” studies.
The Office of Human Research Protections classifies a descriptive study as “Any study
that's not truly investigational.”

In human research, a descriptive study can supply data about this health status,
behavior, attitudes or other uniqueness of a particular group. Descriptive studies are
conduct to demonstrate links or relationships between things within the planet around
you.

 Exploratory

Exploratory research isn't anticipated to make available conclusive proof, but helps us
to possess the next accepting of the matter. Saunders warn that when conducting
exploratory research, the researcher should be disposed to vary his/her path as a result
of disclosure of latest data and new insights.

On other words, the difference between exploratory and conclusive research designs is
that exploratory research design simply discovers the research questions; recline for
further researches, whereas conclusive research design is intended to provide final
answers for the research.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

 Applied vs. Fundamental

Research can either be practical research or fundamental research. Applied research

aspires at pronouncement a solution for a directly problem facing a humanity or an
industrial/business organization. The Research design which is operates during this
project is Analytical & Descriptive type.

3.2 Universe & Survey Population

Collection of Data

Primary source Case Study Analysis

Secondary source Internet

Magazines, Books
Newspapers

Research method Descriptive & analytical survey method

Universe Employees of Worldfa Exports Private Limited
Analysis Plan

Research Instrument Case Study

Analysis Pattern
Analytics: Quantitative/Qualitative

3.3 Sample
The machinery installed for making utensils at the firm.

3.4 Collection of Data

Primary source: - The primary source of collecting the data is by using the Case Study
method.
Case Study Analysis in done to understand the existing conditions and situations in
order to find out the solution for the current problems
Secondary Source: - The secondary data is collected from internet, books, magazines
and journals.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

3.5 Analysis Pattern

The data is being analyzed in an elaborate and easy to understand manner. Information
is represented using charts, graphs and tables wherever required to make the
interpretation more reader friendly and simple.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

4 Quality Control Concept

Quality control describes the directed use of testing to measure the achievement of a
specified standard. Quality control is a formal (as in structured, not as in wearing-a-
tuxedo fancy) use of testing. Quality control is a superset of testing, although it often
used synonymously with testing. Roughly, you test to see if something is broken, and
with quality control you set limits that say, in effect, if this particular stuff is broken
then whatever you’re testing fails.

Yet another way of looking at the difference between testing and quality control is to

consider the difference between a test as an event and a test as a part of a system. For
example, let’s say our test is the measurement of your ability to assemble a jigsaw
puzzle in one hour. We test you today, and you complete the puzzle in fifty-eight
minutes, so you pass. This seems pretty trivial, but says that there is some need in your
life requiring you to solve puzzles quickly: we tested you once, but we must verify that
you can meet this weird requirement continually over time. The solution is to test you
at regular intervals, which will allow us to see if you can still be successful when under
stress, when you haven’t slept, when your workload is high — our quality control
approach to this issue says “you must finish puzzle in one hour or less” and “we will
test this requirement periodically over time”. And as a side effect of this quality control
testing, you might find that you are more likely to improve in your puzzle solving skills
because of the repeated practice; this is the beginning of a shift to quality assurance.

A structured quality control program becomes necessary when the stakes rise: your site
is supposed to make money, or communicate a corporate message, or extend a brand, or
disseminate important information. Quality control also becomes necessary when the
team grows, or you partner with more companies, or your site gets more visitors. You
need quality control as soon as it becomes important to prove, through the appearance
and functionality of your web site, that your site has the legitimacy and professionalism
to stand behind its message.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Or, if you prefer the short list, you need to establish a quality control program if:
1. you are working as part of a team that is building and/or maintaining a big web
site, and your responsibility is for testing, quality control, or quality assurance
2. you are delivering a site to a customer, i.e., YOU are the contractor
3. you are receiving site code from a contractor, agency, or technology partner

Quality Control | The Test Plan

For quality control to be effective, you must test the same things the same way every
time you test. When you change your tests, your results become inconsistent. You need
a test plan.

A test plan is simply a high-level summary of the areas (functionality, elements,

regions, etc.) you will test, how frequently you will test them, and where in the
development or publication process you will test them. A test plan also needs an
estimate of the duration of testing, and statement of any required resources.

The major phases of a web site need test plans, because the focus and emphasis of
testing will change over time. Testing a new site in development is very different from
testing a site that has been up and running for some time.
Clearly, you need to decide what you will test. Understand your site’s mission
statement, statement of goals, business plan — whatever it is called, your site should
have a concrete explanation of the “vision” behind its creation and the hoped-for “path”
for its success. If your site has no such explicit statement of direction, then the
codifying of such a statement should be your first goal.

To help define what you should test, ask yourself these types of questions:
 Why did I make this site? What is the site’s purpose?
 What are the business goals, if any, behind this site?
 What has to work for this site to be effective? What has to work for this to even
function as a web site?
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

 Who is the audience for this site? Can they use this site?
 What is core functionality offered by this site? Can all users at least access this
core functionality?
Use the answers to these questions to decide what needs to be tested, and then develop
your testcases.

Quality Control | The Importance of Test cases

Much quality control testing for a web site involves testing the site-as-a-whole because
HTML and HTTP must follow certain general protocols, standards, and rules of syntax;
testing for broad patterns of behavior is a good first step. Most of the following items
(on this non-all-inclusive list) can be tested with automated tools:

 Basic adherence to an HTML DTD (document type definition)

 Links are not broken
 Links point at correct targets
 Adherence to a coding style guide or standard; do graphics have ALT values.
Do graphics have HEIGHT and WIDTH values?
 Adherence to a content style guide or standard
 Correctness of graphics; does the graphic portray what it is supposed to portray?
 Correctness of dynamic content or includes
 Application functionality; if your site offers the ability to do something, like
search or purchase online, does it work?
 Basic compatibility; does your site work in all browsers? Does it work in
browsers that it was required to work with?
 Basic performance; are the pages within a specified page-weight? Does the site
work acceptably with slower modem speeds?

Not all of these areas are easy to test with broad, automated tests. Firing up a link-
checker won’t tell you if your search function is working, or working as it is supposed
to. For areas like application functionality, you must create specific, individual tests;
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

you must devises scenarios based on expected user behavior, scenarios that describe
how a user will interact with the functionality.

Use these scenarios to create test cases consisting of the specific steps a user would
follow to accomplish these scenarios. For example, if a scenario calls for a user to add
an item to a shopping cart in order to purchase it, your test case should
include every action a user would follow to complete the scenario. Yes, this is tedious,
but the value is a test that can be assigned to inexperienced testers and repeated over
and over and over.

Quality Control | Some Issues to Consider

The goals you set for your site will have a great deal to do with the kind of site you
have. Commerce sites have distinctly different requirements than do personal home
pages, or even corporate presence sites.

Quality control can be difficult when you find you’re testing resources limited or
overextended. You will often find it impossible to test everything, or to verify every
link, or to read every page for deviations from the style guide. You must develop some
consistent test cases to check the major problem areas, automating tests if reasonable,
and you must develop feel for your site — as trite as that sounds —

Testing and creating test cases is always a learning experience. As you test and refine
your test cases you will find a balance between not enough testing and just plain
overkill, and between extremely detailed test cases and simple spot checks. I’m not sure
there is a best way to do “quality control” (besides focusing on quality assurance) since
every web site is different, but a target of zero defects is always a good thing; the trick
is in revising your test cases to continually pinpoint any problem areas.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

The quality control process has the major shortcoming of being reactive
to problems. Quality control sets the standards for the web site and tests for web
components that fall below those standards, but does nothing to improve the quality of
web components. The strictest testing of the output will not necessarily improve the
quality of the input — this challenge is met by the quality assurance process.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Innovation: The New Phase of Quality

For almost 100 years of our quality journey, we increasingly pampered our customers
by giving them what they wanted. Customers now assume that quality is a given.
Further, in our present information age, customers are more aware of competitive
suppliers, as well as suppliers with poor performance. Quality performance has peaked
globally, and the faces of quality have moved from the line worker to the corporate
executive. Activities that improve quality hardly yield significant benefits anymore. So
what else can be done to improve business performance and delight customers?

In the interdependent and competitive global economy one must find true competitive
advantages based on features and capability rather than quality alone. Delivering a
solution that is unique to each customer is becoming more important than delivering a
standard solution with virtually perfect quality. Instead of managing the cost of goods
or services, businesses will need to manage growth by offering innovative solutions to
customers. The quality of innovation becomes a differentiating factor. The quality of
innovation implies how well each business is equipped to innovate and offer high-
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

volume custom solutions. Thus the businesses will be moving from quality
improvement to innovation improvement.
Interestingly, innovation has become a global issue and is being addressed by national
governments. In the European Union, for example, each country must have a national
policy on innovation, create an infrastructure for innovation, and establish measures of
innovation to grow the economy and maintain and improve the standard of living. India
formed the Knowledge Commission to establish its national innovation policy. China’s
premier launched an initiative called Self Innovation to change its image from that of a
low-cost manufacturer to an economically self-reliant nation offering new products and
services for global consumption. The United States passed an Innovation Act in 2005 to
promote innovation in manufacturing. In other words, we are in the innovation age, and
this offers a great opportunity for quality professionals to migrate from improvement to
innovation.

Innovation implies the use of intellectual resources--the people and their intellectual
involvement, knowledge management, and new product innovations. Innovation offers
a great opportunity for quality professionals to lead the organization in improving the
quality of business by contributing to profitable growth. They have the inherent
advantage of knowing the customer’s pulse and the organization’s capabilities. They
only lack an innovation methodology to leverage existing resources to exploit the
opportunities offered by the customers.

Having been a quality professional that successfully transitioned to an innovation

professional, I see a striking commonality between quality improvement and
innovation. Ultimately, innovation means change, and so doe’s improvement. One way
to understand the difference is that improvement may be a one-dimensional change,
while innovation is a multidimensional change.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

The Three Rules of Creativity

We must learn about innovation as a process. It begins with a belief that one can be
innovative. Innovation is for everyone, and can be applied in everything. It is no longer
a debate between manufacturing and service. Many experts tell us that we must learn
creativity, the assumption being that we are not already creative. I believe that we all
are creative.

The evidence of our creativity comes from our actions. We rarely do anything exactly
the same way twice. After teaching business innovation classes at the Illinois Institute
of Technology, I have come to the conclusion that the following three steps help
everyone to become more creative. Applying these steps changed my class response
from being 5-percent creative to 100-percent creative in 10 minutes.

These rules for creativity are as follows:

• Rule 1: Decide to always be creative. Look for innovations everywhere, admire

creativity, and research any topic that interests you. Learn as much as possible.

• Rule 2: Start combining two or more items or ideas in unique ways. Every

innovation is a unique synthesis of many ideas. Analyze other innovations to see what
is so different about them. Associating and combining is a natural activity for our brain.

• Rule 3: Continually practice to become fast at combining ideas. We must become

fast thinkers by synthesizing all the information we have gathered and have fun doing
it.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

5 Data Analysis & Interpretation

Ques.1. Classification of Respondents according to Age?

Age RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

20-25 20 20
25-30 25 25
30-35 18 18
35-40 30 30
Above 40 07 07
Total 100 100

RESPONDENTS
20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 Above 40

7%
20%

30%

25%

18%

Interpretation:
In above char, majority of the respondents are from 35 to 40of age group
that is near about 30%.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.2. Classification of Respondents according to gender?

Options Male female

No. of Respondents 63 37

Percentage 63 37

Total 100 100

No. of Respondents

female
37%

Male
63%

Interpretation:
In the above chart it is clearly seen there are more male respondents in the
organization covered under my research.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.3. Do you have sufficient manpower as per division’s

requirement?

Options Yes No
No. of Respondents 37 63
Percentage 37 63
Total 100 100

No. of Respondents

Yes
37%

No
63%

Interpretation:
In my conclusion, there are 63% of employees believes that there is
insufficient manpower required in the organization.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.4. Are your team members aware of HR policies of the company?

Options Yes No
No. of Respondents 36 64
Percentage 36 64
Total 100 100

No. of Respondents
Yes No

36%

64%

Interpretation:
According to my research, there are very little employees aware about the
HR activities of the company that is 35% only.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.5. Are your company goals in line with your team goals?

Term Yes No
Respondents 60 40
Percentage 60 40
Total 100 100

Respondents
Yes No

40%

60%

Interpretation:
As per result, the individual goals are in line with the company so that 60%
of employees are satisfied with the goal development and execution.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.6. How do you rate company’s policies?

Rating Percentage
Employee referal program 20 20
Redeployment 18 18
Human resource information 19 19
system
Occupational health and Safety 25 25
Internal Selection process 18 18
Total 100 100

Rating
Employee referal program Redeployment
Human resource information system Occupational health and Safety
Internal Selection process

18% 20%

18%
25%

19%

Interpretation:
In this chart it seems that majority of employees are conscious about HR
plocies that is 25% which understand that employees are believe in
occupational health and safety of the company.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.7. How do you forecast manpower requirement?

No. of Respondents Percentage

Through Internal Records 37 37

Through Vacancies 40 40

Depending on the Industry 23 23

scale
Totla 100 100

No. of Respondents
Through Internal Records Through Vacancies Depending on the Industry scale

23%

37%

40%

Interpretation:
In this diagram, it is seen that they are estimating their manpower with the
all following ways of estimation.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.8. How Management reacts on customer complaints?

No. of Respondents Percentage

Very fast 36 36
Fast 34 34
Moderate 20 20
Slow 10 10
total 100 100

No. of Respondents
Very fast Fast Moderate Slow

10%

36%
20%

34%

Interpretation:
There is positive response of management towards the complaints of
employees. Therefore, 36% respondent satisfied with their rapid solution
system.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.9. What are the aspescts to contol the quality of untensils?

Term Material Quality Manufacturing

No.of Respondents 70 30
Percentage 70 30
Total 100 100

No.of Respondents
Material Quality Manufecturing

30%

70%

Interpretation:
In this diagram, it seems that 70% of respondents measures the quality of
products through the material is used in manufacturing.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.10. How many customers are satisfied with the quality of

utensils?

Options Perfect Moderate

No. of Respondents 75 25

Percentage 75 25

Total 100 100

No. of Respondents
Perfect Moderate

25%

75%

Interpretation:
In this diagram, it is seem that 75% of customers are satisfied with the
quality of utensils i.e. perfect.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

5.1 Case Study Analysis

Name of the Product Domestic Utensils Aluminium

Quality and Standard As per BIS No. 1660 (Part-1)-1982 for Wrought Aluminium Utensils

Production Capacity The Production Capacity of the unit at 75% capacity utilization.
Quantity: 270 MT
Value: Rs. 4,72,50,000/-

Month & Year of Preparation July, 2015.

A. Basis & Presumptions

The unit is expected to work 8 hours a day and for 300 days in a year and the
details are worked out accordingly.

B. Technical Aspects
1) Process of Manufacture
The process of manufacture comprises of the following operations –
 Casting into slabs with the help of cast iron moulds to sizes.
 Slabs are pre-heated and then rolled to intermediate gauge sheets / plates in
the hot rolling mill.
 Sheets of finally required gauge are obtained by re-rolling in the cold rolling
mill.
 These sheets are cut into the shapes of square blank of circles.
 These circles blank sheets are annealed before sending them for further
processing.
 Feeding circles to press / spinning.
 Pressing different items.
 Spinning operation for different items.
 Surface finishing.
 Storing and dispatch.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

The scrap generated in the unit will be re circulated.

2) Quality Control & Specification

Commercial grade aluminium of purity 99 to 99.5% in the form of sheets /
circles of 16 to 20 SWG are most suitable for manufacture of utensils.
Unidentified scrap having copper, zinc or lead should not be used as this not
only deteriorates the quality of the utensils but harm human health also. If the
aluminium scrap selected is not of food quality, wastage of raw materials will
be more, due to rejection in the manufacturing stage.

Indian Standards Institution have formulated ISS No. 1660 (Part-I)-1982 for
Wrought Aluminium Utensils.

3) Product Capacity (per annum)

This scheme proposes to have the rolling of aluminum sheets as well as the
making of utensils in single factory and envisages an annual production of 270
MT of domestic aluminum utensils. This profile can also be made in to three
different independent profiles for exclusively rolling, exclusively pressing,
exclusively spinning or a combination of two or all of them. The promoter can
choose the profile according to this needs and capacity.

4) Total Power Requirement – 5 KW

5) Energy Conservation - Suitable efficient electrical motors should be used in

machines with suitable shunt capacitors.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

C. Financial Aspects
1. Fixed Capital

Particulars Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.)

Land & Building (600 sq. meters.) 50/- 30000

2. Machinery & Equipment

S. No. Particulars Qty. Amount (Rs.)

1 Oil fired pit furnace with burners over head oil tank pipe 1 30000
fittings etc.

2 Blower with 3 HP Motor 1 15000

3 Oil-line pre heater 1 25000

4 Annealing Furnace 1800 X 600 mm for annealing sheets 1 30000

and circles.

5 Aluminium Hot rolling Mill heavy type fitted with forged 1 150000
rolls size 350X 900 mm with fly wheel 40 HP motor
starter & switch.

6 Aluminium cold rolling mill 350 X 900 mm High carbon 1 200000

high chromium Steel Rolls Heavy duty with 40 HP
electric motor, starter ands switch.

7 Hand operated sheering Machine 900 mm 1 20000

8 Circle cutting machine with motor 1 25000

9 Hand fly press No. 4 for light punching 1 78000

10 Double action deep drawing power press 100 MT with 15 1 200000

HP motor, starter etc.

11 Spinning Lathe Centre height 350 mm 1 25000

Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

12 Electronic weighing Machine up to 1000 kg capacity 1 25000

13 Centre Lathe 2.5 M bed 1 40000

14 Piller drilling machine 25 mm capacity 1 10000

15 Arc Welding Transformer 300 Amps 1 15000

16 Bench Grinder 200 X 25 mm wheel size 1 5000

Total 683000
17 Installation & Electrification @ 15% 68300

18 Pre-operative expenses 20000

Total 771300
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Tools & Dies

Cast iron moulds for slabs 20000
Deep drawing dies 50000
Spinning dies 10000
Acid Tank 5000
Spinning tools 5000
Measuring & Testing equipments 5000

Furniture
1. Working Table 15000
2. Office Furniture 20000
Total 901300

3. Working Capital (per month)

a) Personnel
Designator No. Salary Total (Rs.)
Manager 1 25000 25000
Engineer 1 20000 20000
Supervisor 1 6000 6000
Skilled worker 7 5000 35000
Semi-skilled worker 4 4000 16000
Peon 1 3500 3500
Watchman 1 3500 3500
Total: 81000

b) Raw Material including Packaging Material

S. No. Items Qty. Rate Amount (Rs.)
1. Commercial Grade Aluminium Ingots 15 MT 130000/M 19,50,000/-
T
2. Aluminium Scrap 10 MT 120000/M 12,00,000/-
T
Total: 31,50,000/-
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

c) Utilities (per month)

S. No. Particulars Amount (Rs.)
1. Electricity @ Rs. 6 per unit 90000/-
2. Furnace oil 3200 Ltrs. 80000/-
3. Coal 40000/-
Total 2,10,000/-

4. Other Contingent Expenses (per month)

S. No. Particulars Amount (Rs.)
1. Rent 30,000/-
2. Repair & Maintenance 10,000/-

3. Consumables 10,000/-
4. Transportation & conveyance 10,000/-
5. Advertisement 2,000/-
6. Postage & Stationery 2,000/-
7. Misc. expenses 2,000/-
Total: 66,000/-

5. Total Recurring Expenditure ( per month)

S. Particulars Amount (Rs.)
No.
1. Personnel 81,000/-
2. Raw Materials 31,50,000/-
3. Utilities 2,10,000/-
4. Other Contingent Expenses 66,000/-
Total: 33,18,000/-

6. Total Capital Investment

S. No. Particulars Amount (Rs.)
1. Fixed Capital 9,01,300/-
2. Working Capital 33,18,000/-
Total: 42,19,300/-
Say; 42,19,000/-

5.2 SWOT Analysis

Foreign trade has been considered as an engine of economic growth. The progress of a
country to a large extent depends on their ability to trade relatively freely with the rest
of world. The rapid export growth not only contributes directly to economic growth but
it permits more imports and rapid modernization of production.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1. Strengths

 Most natural resources and long coastline is available.

 Diversified skilled manpower, including entrepreneurial ability.

 Growing middle class Disposable incomes.

 Low wages

 Younger population

2. Weaknesses

 Lack of Updated technology

 Low investments in R & D.

 Infrastructural problems in terms of power, ports, roads, railways.

 Low literacy levels about the utensils etc. (except in a few colleges).

 Low productivity and high rate of labor death.

 Cost of Transaction and Lending is high.

3. Opportunities

 Combination of skilled manpower and lower wage costs act as a catalyst

to attract FDI.

 Improvement in productivity.

 Transform into an agro-products exporting power, especially in fruits

and vegetables.

 Large graying population among wealthier countries would compel them

to outsource many of their activities to lower cost suppliers like India.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

 Availability of IT skilled professionals.

4. Threats

 Higher labor productivity, world class infrastructure and large

manufacturing base of China could make it difficult for India to gain a
larger share of global exports.

 India’s bilateral trade with China.

 Annual trade deficit of $ 17 billion.

 Lower cost competitors.

Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

5.3 Financial Analysis

1. Cost of Production (per annum)
Total Recurring expenditure 3,98,16,000/-
Depreciation on machinery and equipment @ 10% 77,130/-
Depreciation on office furniture & fixture @ 20% 26,000/-
Interest on capital investment @ 13% 5,48,470/-
Total : 4,04,67,600/-

2. Turnover (per annum)

Item Qty. Rate (Rs.) Value (Rs.)
Finished Utensils 270 MT 175000/MT 4,72,50,000/-

3. Net Profit (p.a.)

Turn Over (-) Cost of
Production = 67,82,400/-
4,72,50,000/- (-) 4,04,67,600/-

4. Net Profit Ratio

Profit per annum X 100 / Turnover per annum

= 6782400 X 100 / 47250000
= 14.35

5. Rate of Return

Profit per annum X 100 / Total Capital Investment

= 6782400 X 100 / 4219000
= 160.75%

6. Break Even Analysis

a) Fixed Cost
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

1. Rent Rs. 30,000/-

2. Total depreciation Rs. 1,03,130/-
3. Interest on total capital Rs. 5,48,470/-
investment @ 13%
4. 40% of Salary & Rs. 3,88,800/-
Wages
5. 40% of other Rs. 1,72,000/-
contingent expenses
(excluding rent)
Total:- Rs. 12,42,000/-

b) Break Even Point

Fixed Cost X 100 12,42,000 X 100

= 13.4%
Fixed Cost + Profit 12,42,000 + 67,82,400

6 Limitations of the Study

Descriptive research is an innovative tool for researchers. It presents an opportunity to
fuse both quantitative and qualitative data as a means to reconstruct the "what is" of a
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

topic. However, descriptive research also has specific advantages and disadvantages. A
skilled researcher can focus on both the good and the bad of descriptive research to
implement a descriptive research design that accounts for variables that may affect the
research project's objective.

 Confidentiality is the primary weakness of descriptive research.

 Often subjects are not truthful as they feel the need to tell the researcher what
they think the researcher wants to hear.
 This is particularly difficult during interviews. Participants may also refuse to
provide answers to questions they view to be too personal.
 Furthermore, the idea that someone is watching can turn an observation into an
event where people are acting how they perceive they should act.
 Descriptive research also presents the possibility for error and subjectivity.
 Furthermore, the study may contain errors, as the researcher may record what
she wants to hear and ignore data that does not conform to the research project's
hypothesis.
 Overcoming a research bias is an extreme difficulty for descriptive research
practitioners and those who chose to use a descriptive research approach must
be aware of their influence on the outcome of the research.

7 Conclusion
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

The Indian Exports Industry has potential for expansion since adequate skilled
manpower & raw-material is available, requirement for capital is almost negligible,
Indian Products are acceptable all over the World and are at par on quality and
competitive in prices. We have tremendous flexibility and adaptability.

 The quality control measures are suitably adopted by Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.
 The products manufactured by Worldfa are good in terms of quality and
durability.
 The packaging quality is also up to the mark in which the products are kept
while delivering.

We have large range of products to offer. India can supply utensils and related products
strictly in accordance with the requirement of consumers. The only weakness is
marketing and fore-sightedness of the exporters besides resources. Generally the
exporters are small in comparison with our competitors thus having limited resources.
Indian exporters have so far been producing as per orders of Buyers and have not paid
much attention or priority on keeping inventory for spot sales. The trend in buying has
undergone a radical change switching over to stock buying rather than placing orders.

Indian Trade Promotion Organization (ITPO) has been formed by merging Trade
Development Authority and Trade Fair Authority of India. The main objective of this
organization is to promote exports by showcasing the Indian manufacturers in
international trade fairs and meets, publicity through mass media and organizing
contact programmed.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

8 Suggestions & Recommendations

 More focus should be given on R & D.

 Use of updated technology should be introduced
 Employee safety should also be taken into account.
 Innovative techniques to minimize the production cost should also be focused.
 Use of economical transporting should be adopted in order to decrease the
overall cost from the factory to the end customer.

 WORLDFA EXPORT PVT.LTD. enjoys a good image in the eyes of

Mechanics, but Mechanics are not satisfied with the supply provided by the
company.
 Mechanics don’t make any significant effort to change the brand asked by
the customer because the supply and price of lamps are not satisfactory.
Hence, their margin should be increased so that they will also take interest in
pushing the WORLDFA EXPORT PVT.LTD. lamps.

 Customers are not satisfied with the price of lamps. Hence, price off should
be introduced.

 Customers demand quality most.

 Customers demand quality products but to adopt quality standards and

maintain quality results as the higher price so WORLDFA EXPORT
PVT.LTD. try to minimize the cost of products.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

9 Bibliography

Web Pages
 www.world-fa.com/
 http://www.hktdc.com/manufacturers-suppliers/World-Fa-Exports-P-
Ltd/en/1X00CN9U/
 http://www.tradeindia.com/Seller-6607459-Worldfa-Exports-Pvt-Ltd-/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_control
 http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/quality-assurance-quality-
control/overview/overview.html
 http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/applying-fundamental-quality-control-
concepts.html
 http://www.qualitydigest.com/magazine/2009/apr/article/innovation-new-face-
quality.html

Books/Journals/Magazines
 Asaka, T. and K. Ozeki, ed. (1990). Handbook of Quality Tools: The Japanese
Approach, Productivity Press, Portland, OR, USA.
 Gitlow, H. S. (1994). "A Comparison of Japanese Total Quality Control and Deming's
Theory of Management," The American Statistician, Vol. 48, No. 3, August, pp. 197-
203.
 Hosotani, K. (1992). Japanese Quality Concept: An Overview, Quality Resources,
White Plains, NY, USA.
 Ishikawa, K. and D. J. Lu (1985). What is Total Quality Control? The Japanese Way,
Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA.
 JUSE Problem Solving Research Group (1991). TQC Solutions: The 14-Step Process,
Volume I, The Problem-solving Process, Productivity Press, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

10 Annexure
Ques.1. Classification of Respondents according to Age?

Age RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

20-25 20 20
25-30 25 25
30-35 18 18
35-40 30 30
Above 40 07 07
Total 100 100

Ques.2. Classification of Respondents according to gender?

Options Male female

No. of Respondents 63 37

Percentage 63 37

Total 100 100

Ques.3. Do you have sufficient manpower as per division’s

requirement?

Options Yes No
No. of Respondents 37 63
Percentage 37 63
Total 100 100
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.4. Are your team members aware of HR policies of the company?

Options Yes No
No. of Respondents 36 64
Percentage 36 64
Total 100 100

Ques.5. Are your company goals in line with your team goals?

Term Yes No
Respondents 60 40
Percentage 60 40
Total 100 100

Ques.6. How do you rate company’s policies?

Rating Percentage
Employee referal program 20 20
Redeployment 18 18
Human resource information 19 19
system
Occupational health and Safety 25 25
Internal Selection process 18 18
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Total 100 100

Ques.7. How do you forecast manpower requirement?

No. of Respondents Percentage

Through Internal Records 37 37

Through Vacancies 40 40

Depending on the Industry 23 23

scale
Totla 100 100

Ques.8. How Management reacts on customer complaints?

No. of Respondents Percentage

Very fast 36 36
Fast 34 34
Moderate 20 20
Slow 10 10
total 100 100

Ques.9. What are the aspescts to contol the quality of untensils?

Term Material Quality Manufacturing

No.of Respondents 70 30
Percentage 70 30
Total 100 100
Quality Control at Worldfa Exports Pvt. Ltd.

Ques.10. How many customers are satisfied with the quality of

utensils?

Options Perfect Moderate

No. of Respondents 75 25

Percentage 75 25

Total 100 100