CHAPTER 4: EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

Day Section Homework Completion

1 Getting Started p.212 31bdf, 2cd, 4-5, 7

1 4.2 Working with Integer Exponents p. 221-223 #1bcd, 2ace, 4-8(bdf),

9ab, 11a, 13cdhi, 16ace, 18be
1 4.3 Working with Rational Exponents p. 229-230 #1-3(acde), 5ac, 6, 10,
12abc, 14cd, 18a
1 4.4 Simplifying Algebraic Expressions Involving p.236-237 #4-6(ace), 7,9,10
Exponents
QUIZ/PP/PA MID-CHAPTER REVIEW
P. 239 #1-10(e..o.)
1 4.5 Exploring the Properties of Exponential p. 243 #1-2
Functions

1 4.6 Transformations of Exponential Functions p. 251-253 #1-2, 4, 5, 9

1 4.7 Applications Involving Exponential Functions p. 261-263 #2,3,5,9,11-16

1 4.8 Supplementary section: Solving Exponential Handout

Equations

1 CHAPTER 4 REVIEW P.267-269 #2-8 (e.o.), 10, 11bd,12,

14-17

CHAPTER 4 TEST DATE:

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 1 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 4.2 WORKING WITH LINEAR EXPONENTS
Exponent Laws
- Powers can always be represented as products, i.e.
an = a x a x a x a x a.... (n times)

1. Multiplying powers of the same base:

- keep the base, ________ the exponents ex. (a3)(a5) =

2. Dividing powers of the same base:

a6
- keep the base, ___________ the exponents ex.
a3

3. Raising the power of a power:

- keep the base, _______________ the exponents ex. (a2)3 =

4. Zero exponent:
- when a non-zero base is raised to the exponent 0, the result is _____. ex. a0 =

5. Negative exponent:
- when a non-zero base is raised to a negative exponent, the result is the _____________ of the base
raised to the opposite exponent.
-1 -3
ex. æç ö÷ = ex. æç ö÷ =
1 4
ex. 2-3 =
è2ø è3ø

Note:
- Put on your thinking cap when using these exponent rules.
- Always simplify powers using (a combination of) exponent laws as much
as possible when evaluating powers.

DO NOT USE YOUR CALCULATOR!!!!

Example#1: Simplify, then evaluate each expression. Express answers in rational form.
- 35 æ 11-5 ö
a) (4-2 x 45)-1 b) c) 11 2
x çç -3 ÷÷
33 è 11 ø

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 2 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

Example#2: Evaluate. Express answers using positive exponents only.

-1 -2
4 -2 - 2 -5
a) æç ö÷ ÷ æç ö÷
1 3
b)
è2ø è5ø 2 - 4 + 4 -1

Example#3: Simplify each expression using laws of exponents.

a) (a2b7)-2 b)
(2x 2
)( 2
y -5 3xy 6 )
(
12 x 8 y )

Example#4: Determine the exponent that makes each equation true.

x
b) 225 = æç ö÷
x 1
a) 64 = 4
è 15 ø

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 3 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 4.3 WORKING WITH RATIONAL EXPONENTS

•Rational exponents are used to represent the nth root of a number. Thus,

• The radical form and the exponents form are interchangeable.

•The power of a radical can be written as:

•Rational exponents can be simplified using all laws of exponents, just like integer exponents.

DO NOT USE YOUR CALCULATOR!!!!

Example#1: Evaluate.
3
1 1 -
a) 9 2 b) 8 3 æ 25 ö
c) ç ÷
2

è 49 ø

Example#2 Evaluate. Express answers in rational form

-7
3
343 æ 3ö3
a) b) ç 5 7 ÷ c) (102.5)-2
7 -1 ç ÷
è ø

æ 4ö
d) ç 5 ÷
-1.5 1
e) 9 2 + 3 - 27 + 1024 10
1
f)
(81 )(81 )
-2 2.25

è 9ø (81 )0.25 - 4

3
256
Example#3 Simplify and evaluate
6
16

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 4 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 4.4 SIMPLIFYING ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS INVOLVING EXPONENTS

Ex#1 Simplify. Express your answers with positive exponents.

-1
æ 2
ö
ç 20 p 2 q 3 ÷
æ 2a -4b ö
-1
æ 6a 2 c -3 ö ç ÷ 4
81x 2 y 8
a) b) ç c) è ø d)
ç 5c 2 ÷÷ çç -2 ÷÷
3 27
125x 1
è ø è b ø 3
15 p q 3 144 x 3 y

4 3
Ex#2 The formula for the volume of a sphere of radius, r, is V (r ) = pr
3

a) Solve this equation for r. Write two versions, one in radical form and one in exponential
form.

256p
b) Determine the radius of a sphere with a volume of m3.
3

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 5 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 4.5 INVESTIGATING EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS: F(X)= B X

Definition: an exponential function is a function of the form f(x) = bx, where b > 0.

Complete the table of values for each relation and determine the first differences. Draw and label the graphs.

x
x y = 3x First Diff. x y = æçç 1 ö÷÷ First Diff.
è3ø
-3 -3

-2 -2

-1 -1

0 0

1 1

2 2

3 3

x
x y = 5x First Diff. x y = æçç 1 ö÷÷ First Diff.
è5ø
-3 -3

-2 -2

-1 -1

0 0

1 1

2 2

3 3

Observations:

First differences increase by a

x

(ex: y = 3x à = ; y = æç 1 ö÷ à = )
è3ø
x

The graphs of y = mx and y = æç 1 ö÷ are

èmø
y-intercept = _______ , x-intercept ____________, horizontal asymptote:

Domain: ______________________________ , Range:

When b > 1: the curve is , which represents

When 0 < b < 1: the curve is , which represents

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 6 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 y =2x y = x2 y = 2x y = (1/2)x y = 10x y = (1/10)x
st nd st nd st nd st nd st nd
Table of x y 1 2 x y 1 2 x y 1 2 x y 1 2 x y 1 2 x y 1st 2nd
Values -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3
-2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions

2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3

LINE or
CURVE?
Type of
Relation
SKETCH
(include key
points)

7
First
differences
Second
differences
Domain

Range

Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 4.6 TRANSFORMATIONS OF EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 8 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 9 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020
MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 10 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020
MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 11 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020
 4.7 APPLICATIONS INVOLVING EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 12 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 13 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020
Example 3
A brand-new 2021 Jeep Wrangler Sport SUV has a MSRP (Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail
Price) of $44, 700. If the depreciation rate is 6%/yr, how much will the Jeep be worth in 2025?

Example 4
Radioactive iodine (I-131) is used in the treatment of thyroid cancer. It has a half-life of 8.0197
days.
a) How much of a 4.2 mg sample remains after 1 week?

b) When will there be any 3.2 mg left from a 4.2 mg sample?

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 14 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 15 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020
 4.8 SUPPLEMENTARY LESSON:SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS

• In exponential equations, the variables are exponents i.e. 32x = 27x-1

• To solve exponential equations:
Rewrite as powers with the same base so that you can equate their exponents and
solve for the unknown.
If bx = by
then x = y for b ≠ 1, 0, -1

Ex#1 Solve and check.

a) 32x = 81 b) c) 6x-2 = 1

𝑿
d) 82x-3 = 161-x e) 𝟎. 𝟓 = 𝟐 𝟑

𝟐 $𝟐𝒙
f) 92x+1 = 81(27x) f) 𝟓𝒙 = 125

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 16 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

Ex#2 Solve
a) 5n+2 - 5n+3 = -2500 b) 2x+1 + 2x = 48

Ex #3: Radon has a half-life of 25 days. How much time does it take for 200g to decay to
12.5g ?

Ex 4: After 30 h, a sample of "Plutonium-243" has decayed to the following ratio of its original
mass. Find its half-life.
a) b)

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 17 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 18 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020
1. Circle all of the functions which model exponential decay.
"
𝑦 = 0.33(1.2) #.% y = 0.25(0.75)x y = 0.75(1.2)x y = 0.875(0.875)n

2. The mass in milligrams of a radioactive substance remaining after t years is given by 𝑀 =

"
435(0.5)#

a) Identify the original mass of the substance in mg____________________

b) Identify the half-life of the substance in years _____________________

c) Determine the mass of the substance, in mg, after 2 years _______________

3. At a certain temperature, the population of a yeast culture doubles every one and a half
hours. Determine the population after 45 minutes if the initial population of the culture is 150
cells.

CHAPTER 4 REVIEW- MORE EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS PRACTICE

For the function f(x) = f ( x ) = -æç

3 ö
1) p. 253 #12 x+2 ÷
-1
è2 ø
a) State the base function______________________
b) State the y-intercept______________________
c) State the equation of the asymptote ______________________
d) State the domain and range: ___________________ ______________________
e) List the transformations
applied to the base function: g) Graph f(x)

f) State the mapping rule:

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 19 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020

 &
2) p. 253 #13 For the function f(x) = 4 - 2 ( ( )-0.5x+1

a) State the base function______________________

b) State the y-intercept______________________
c) State the equation of the asymptote ______________________
d) State the domain and range_________________ ____________________
e) List the transformations applied to the base function

f) State the mapping rule:

3) For an exponential function, given:

•its y-intercept is 6
•it has a horizontal asymptote of y = 9
•it passes through the point (1, 8.25)

Find its equation in the form of y = abx+c

4) For f(x) = 4(2x ) + 3 and g(x) = 22x + 3

a) State the base function of f(x) and g(x)
b) List the transformations applied to the base function to obtain each
function to its base function.

c) Is f(x) equivalent to g(x)?

MCR 3U5– Gr. 11 Pre- IB Functions 20 Ms. Lecce Sep 2020