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The Principle That Particular Moral Judgments Always Carry An Implied Universal Judgment

This document defines and explains various concepts in ethics and moral philosophy, including: - Ethics, morality, aesthetics, etiquette, divine command theory, cultural relativism, psychological egoism, and ethical egoism. - Concepts like pleasure, utility, rights, justice, and the greatest happiness principle. - Ideas including the idea of the good, divine law, natural law, human law, and rational will. - Additional concepts such as duty, maxim, agency, universalizability, autonomy vs heteronomy, virtue ethics, deontology, vices, telos, and eudaimonia.

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Marco Paolo Manaoat
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80 views

The Principle That Particular Moral Judgments Always Carry An Implied Universal Judgment

This document defines and explains various concepts in ethics and moral philosophy, including: - Ethics, morality, aesthetics, etiquette, divine command theory, cultural relativism, psychological egoism, and ethical egoism. - Concepts like pleasure, utility, rights, justice, and the greatest happiness principle. - Ideas including the idea of the good, divine law, natural law, human law, and rational will. - Additional concepts such as duty, maxim, agency, universalizability, autonomy vs heteronomy, virtue ethics, deontology, vices, telos, and eudaimonia.

Uploaded by

Marco Paolo Manaoat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.Ethics- it is also could moral philosophy.

the philosophical discipline concerned with what is morally


good and bad and morally right and wrong. It is the process of questioning, discovering and
defending our values, principles and purpose.
2.Morality- concerned with or relating to what is right and wrong in human behavior
3.Aesthetics- a set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in
art.
4.Etiquette- The customs or rules governing behaviour that is regarded as correct or acceptable in
social or official life.
5.Divine Command Theory- is the view that morality is somehow dependent upon God, and that
moral obligation consists in obedience to God's commands
6.Cultural Relativism- refers to not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or
wrong
7.Psychological Egoism- it suggests that every action or behavior or decision of every person is
motivated by self interest.
8.Ethical Egoism- The ethical theory known as ethical egoism states that we are always morally
required to do what's in our own self-interest.
9. Pleasure- a feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment.
10. Utility- the state of being useful, profitable, or beneficial,
11, Rights-  are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement
12. Justice- just behavior or treatment.
13. Greatest Happiness- the more pleasure and the least pain an action causes, the better it is
morally.
14.Idea of the Good- The definition of the Good is a perfect, eternal, and changeless Form,
15.Divine Law-comprises any body of law that is perceived as deriving from a transcendent
source, such as the will of God
16.Natural Law-is a theory in ethics and philosophy that says that human beings possess intrinsic
values that govern our reasoning and behavior
17.Human Law- Man-made law is law that is made by humans, usually considered in opposition
to concepts like natural law or divine law.
18.Rational will- the will which is entirely "devoted" to, or guided by impartiality and universality of
reason.
19.Duty- a moral or legal obligation; a responsibility.
20,-Maxim- a short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct.
21.Agency- action or intervention, especially such as to produce a particular effect.
the principle that particular moral judgments always carry an
22.Universalizability-
implied universal judgment.
23.Autonomy vs Heteronomy- Autonomy is the ability to know what morality requires of us,
Heteronomy is the condition of acting on desires, which are not legislated by reason.
24.Arbitrium Brutum vs Free Choice-  “animal power of choice” is what is described to be choice
based on one's. Free Will describes our capacity to make choices that are genuinely our own.
25.Virtue Ethics- is person rather than action based
26.Deontology- is a theory that suggests actions are good or bad according to a clear set of rules.
27.Vices- an immoral or wicked personal characteristic
28.Telos-  is the inherent purpose of each thing, the ultimate reason for each thing being the way it is
29.Eudaimonia- also spelled eudaemonia, in Aristotelian ethics, the condition of human
flourishing or of living well.
30.Practical Wisdom- is concerned with human things and with those that about which it is
possible to deliberate.
31.Philosophical Wisdom- scientific knowledge, combined with intuitive reason, of the things that
are highest by nature
32.Emotions and Feelings- emotions are associated with bodily reactions that are activated
through neurotransmitters and hormones released by the brain, feelings are the conscious
experience of emotional reactions.
33.Culture and Cultural Relativism-  is the patterns of learned and shared behavior and beliefs of a
particular social, ethnic, or age group.
34.Moral Agent-  is any person or collective entity with the capacity to exercise moral agency. 

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