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Chapter 7 - Hybrid Cars - Introduction To Automotive Engineering

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136 views

Chapter 7 - Hybrid Cars - Introduction To Automotive Engineering

Uploaded by

Dinku Seyoum Zeleke
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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 Introduction to Automotive Engineering

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Chapter 6: Steering System Chapter 8: Autonomous Cars
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Chapter 7
Hybrid Cars

7.1 Introduction
A hybrid vehicle (HEV) is a type of automobile which has a conventional
power system with an energy storage system (RESS).

Mass production of these vehicles has been taking time due to charge time
taken by regenerative braking.

7.2 History [1]


In 1901, Ferdinand Porsche designed a series-hybrid vehicle having a
range of 50 km, speed of 50 km/h and a power of 5.22 kW.

Figure 7.1 Toyota’s HEV.

Figure 7.2 The Escape Hybrid, launched in 2004.

7.3 Background
A more recent working prototype of the HEV was built by Victor Wouk
and earned him the title as the “Godfather of the Hybrid”. Wouk installed
a prototype hybrid drivetrain into a 1972 Buick Skylark provided by GM.
In 1989, Audi produced its first iteration of the Audi Duo (or Audi 100
Avant duo) experimental vehicle, a plug-in parallel hybrid based on the
Audi 100 Avant Quattro. This car had a 12.6 BHPSiemenselectric motor
which drove the rear wheels.

7.4 Production of Hybrid Electric Vehicles


Automotive hybrid technology became successful in the 1990s when the
Honda Insight and Toyota Prius became available. These vehicles have a
direct linkage from the ICE to the driven wheels, so the engine can
provide acceleration power.

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Figure 7.3 Hybrid vehicle sales chart.

7.5 Types of Vehicles

7.5.1 MOTORCYCLES

Companies such as Zero Motorcycles and Vectrix have market-ready all-


electric motorcycles available now, but the pairing of electrical
components and an internal combustion engine (ICE) has made
packaging cumbersome, especially for niche brands.

7.5.2 AUTOMOBILES AND LIGHT TRUCKS

Microhybrids is a type of small hybrid electric car. Diesel-electric hybrid


vehicles may soon see mass-production.

7.5.3 TAXIS

Figure 7.4 Hybrid-electric taxi.

7.5.4 BUSES

Drive trains of buses consist of conventional diesel engines and gas


turbines. A major issue for hybrid buses may still come from cheaper
lightweight imports from the former Eastern bloc countries or China.

7.5.5 TRUCKS

In 2003, GM introduced a hybrid diesel-electric military (light) truck,


equipped with a diesel electric and a fuel cell auxiliary power unit. Hybrid
electric light trucks were introduced in 2004 by Mercedes Benz (Sprinter)
and Micro-Vett SPA (Daily Bimodale).

7.5.6 MILITARY VEHICLES

The United States Army’s manned ground vehicles of the Future Combat
System all use a hybrid electric drive consisting of a diesel engine to
generate electrical power for mobility and all other vehicle subsystems.

7.5.7 LOCOMOTIVES

In May 2003, JR East started test runs with the so-called NE (new
energy) train and validated the system’s functionality (series hybrid with
lithium ion battery) in cold regions.

Reference
1. Hybrid electric vehicle, Web address:
http://taggedwiki.zubiaga.org/new_content/9d00b8c6d7038e9ea0197b2761ab1409
(http://taggedwiki.zubiaga.org/new_content/9d00b8c6d7038e9ea0197b2761ab1409)

Accessed on 18-04-2018.

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