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CH-314 Lab Experiment 9

This document describes an experiment to draw a phase diagram of a binary system and determine the eutectic temperature. A phase diagram plots the composition percentages and melting points of two phases as they are mixed in different ratios. The lowest melting point on the diagram is the eutectic temperature, which corresponds to the eutectic composition - the mixture of the two components that melts at the lowest temperature. The experiment involves preparing mixtures of two compounds at different compositions, measuring their melting points, and plotting the results to determine the eutectic temperature and composition from the graph.

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Fatima tahir
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88 views3 pages

CH-314 Lab Experiment 9

This document describes an experiment to draw a phase diagram of a binary system and determine the eutectic temperature. A phase diagram plots the composition percentages and melting points of two phases as they are mixed in different ratios. The lowest melting point on the diagram is the eutectic temperature, which corresponds to the eutectic composition - the mixture of the two components that melts at the lowest temperature. The experiment involves preparing mixtures of two compounds at different compositions, measuring their melting points, and plotting the results to determine the eutectic temperature and composition from the graph.

Uploaded by

Fatima tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 9

Phase Diagram and Eutectic Temperature


Name: ------------------------------------ St. Id.: ------------------------------------

Section: ---------------------------------- Date: -------------------------------------

Objectives
After performing this experiment students will be able to:

• understand phase diagram


• understand effect of impurity on melting point of a compound
• calculate % composition of a binary mixture

Experiment
Draw a phase diagram of binary system of organic components and determine the eutectic
temperature.

Theory
Phase diagram also called temperature composition diagram is basically a plot of composition(%) and
melting point of two phases such as naphthalene and biphenyl or α-naphthol and β- naphthol. As two
phases are solid so solid-solid equilibrium will take place. When number of mixtures of composition of
two solids are melted, one composition shows highest melting point and one shows lowest melting point.
The lowest melting point is called the eutectic temperature; the composition is called eutectic
composition. Thus, that temperature at which two solids A and B are in equilibrium with the solution is
known as eutectic temperature.
Procedure
1. Prepare different compositions of two compound A and B as given below.

Sample Compositions
1 2 3 4 5 6
A 1g 0.8 g 0.6 g 0.4 g 0.2 g 0g
B 0g 0.2 g 0.4 g 0.6 g 0.8 g 1g

2. Mix all the above compositions in china dishes separately.

3. Melt the above compositions in the china dishes so that a homogeneous mixture is obtained.

4. Grind the each mixture to get a powdered material.

5. Determine the melting point of each composition separately by capillary tube method.

6. Plot a graph of between melting and % conpoposition.

7. From graph determine the eutectic temperature/ point.

Calculations

Sr. No. Composition of Mixture (%) Melting Point/ Temperature ( ºC)


A B
1 1.0 g 0g
2 0.8 g 0.2 g
3 0.6 g 0.4 g
4 0.4 g 0.6 g
5 0.2 g 0.8 g
6 0g 1g

The eutectic of the given mixture = ………….. º C

Result:-
Exercise

Q.1 What is importance of a phase diagram?

Q.2 How can you determine the composition of a mixture a particular temperature of a phase diagram?

Q.3 What is meant by triple point?

Q.4 What is effect of impurity on melting point of a compound?

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