A Creative Presentation of Group 1

Historical Development of Motion Picture in the Philippines

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Philippine Theater
Before the Advent
of Cinema
Long before the coming of cinema in the
Philippines, theater originated in the ...

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Philippine Theater Before the Advent of Cinema

• Theater originated in the culture of the country’s

early societies.
• Theatron on the ground within the community.
• Imitative dances  to propitiate the supernatural
powers
• To regulate seasons and elements
• To ensure earth’s fertility
• To grant success in hunting and warfare

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Philippine Theater Before the Advent of Cinema

19th century
• Zarzuela – traditional Spanish one-act comic opera with satirical theme
• Vaudeville – stage show consisting of various acts
• Shown and performed at town Fiestas

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Philippine Theater Before the Advent of Cinema

• Spanish Operetta or musical comedy

• Introduced by Don Narciso de Escosura in 1848 at Teatro de Binondo
or Castellano
• Was given impetus by Don Alejandro Cubero in the Philippines at Teatro
Filipino on Calle Echague

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Philippine Theater Before the Advent of Cinema

• Tagalog Zarzuela at Teatro Zorilla

• The only surviving 19th century theater located at the corner of Calle
San Pedro.

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Philippine Theater Before the Advent of Cinema

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Philippine Theater Before the Advent of Cinema

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The Advent of
Cinema in the
Philippines.
During the last decade of the 19th century, in
1896, a Spaniard by the name of Pertierra...

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The Advent of Cinema in the Philippines.

• In 1896, a Spaniard named Pertierra – launched first movie show in

Manila at Christmas Time
• Venue: Salon de Pertierra
- Phonograph Parlor on the ground floor of the Casino Espanol
at Calle Perez, off the Escolta
• Pertierra failed to make his presentation despite several published
announcements
• Show kept being postponed until the New Year

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The Advent of Cinema in the Philippines.

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The Advent of Cinema in the Philippines.

January 1, 1897 • National Commission for Culture

• Un Homme Au Chapeau (Man and the Arts (NCCA)
with a Hat) • France, England, and Germany
• Une scene de danse Japonaise – claims for the public
(Scene from a Japanese introduction of projected motion
Dance) picture
• Les Boxers (The Boxers) • Credit should have been given
• La Place de L’ Opera (The to Mr. Pertierra
Place L’ Opera) • January 1, 1897 - Centennial
anniversary of the first movie
• Movies shown via 60mm Gaumont shown in the Philippines
Chrono-photograph projector

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The Advent of Cinema in the Philippines.

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The Arrival of
Lumiere
Cinematograph
Antonio Ramos, a Spanish soldier from
Alhama de Aragon, who had arrived earlier...
The Arrival o f Lumiere Cinematograph

• Antonio Ramos – He was from Alhama de Aragon and was a Spanish

soldier who imported a Lumiere Cinematograph from Paris. With a
financial backing of Liebman and Peritz.
• August, 1897 – Liebman and Peritz were able to present the first movies
on the Lumiere Cinematograph in Manila. Then a new cine was set up at
Escolta, corner of San Jacinto.
• August 28, 1897 – Test preview presented with a limited guests.
• August 29, 1897 – Inaugural show was presented to the general public.
• First three weeks – Ramos had a selection of ten different films to show.

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The Arrival o f Lumiere Cinematograph

• Fourth week – Ramos was forced to shuffle 30 films in various

combinations to produce new programs.
• After three months- Attendance began to slacken for failure to show any
new feature.
• Plaza Goiti – It was transferred the viewing hall and reducing the
admission fees.
• End of November – Movie hall closed down.

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The Arrival o f Lumiere Cinematograph

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First Movie Shot in
The Philippines
Impelled desperately to attract patronage and
as a matter of survival, Ramos, using the...

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First Movie Shot in The Philippines

• 1898 - Ramos used the Lumiere camera to film Panorama de Manila

(Manila landscape), Fiesta de Quiapo (Quiapo Fiesta), Puwente de Espaa
(Bridge of Spain), and Esceas Callejeras (Street scenes) in the
Philippines, desperate for patronage and survival.
• 1899 - Burton Holmes, father of the "Travelogue," made the first of many
trips to the Philippines, and photographed the Battle of Baliwag;
• Kimwood Peters, who photographed the Banawe Rice Terraces
• Raymond Ackerman of American Biography

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First Movie Shot in The Philippines

• Mutoscope, who filmed the Filipino Cockfight and the Battle of Mt. Arayat.
• 1905 - Herbert Wyndham filmed scenes at the Manila Fire Department
• 1909 - Albert Yearsly shot the Rizal Day Celebration in Luneta
• 1910 - the Manila Carnival
• 1911 - the Mayon Volcano Eruption; in 1912, the Departure of the Igorots
to Barcelona and the Typhoon in Cebu; and in 1913, the Departure of the
Igorots to Barcelona and the Typhoon in Cebu.

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First Movie Shot in The Philippines

Filmmakers covered a broad range of subjects in the Philippines including:

 Zamboanga children diving for coins tossed from the ship's deck
 Muslim ladies ogling the camera
 Fiestas, carabao races, fluvial parades, religious processions,
panoramic shots of Philippine cities and towns
 Gold mining in Paracale
 Concerts at the Luneta
 Building of the Manila Hotel on land reclaimed from the Manila Bay.

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The Establishment
of Movie Houses
Film showing was not resumed until 1900.
The man who opened the first hall...

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The Establishment of Movie Houses

Cine Walgrah
Walgrah
located at No. 60 Calle Santa Rosa in Intramuros

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The Establishment of Movie Houses

Gran Cinematografo Parisien

1902
Samuel Rebarber
Second movie house
located at No. 80, Calle Crespo, Quiapo

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The Establishment of Movie Houses

Cinematograpo Rizal
1903
Jose Jimenez
Azcarraga street, in front of Tutuban Train Station

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The Establishment of Movie Houses

Cine Anda
• assurance of abundant and continuous supply of films at cheap
introductory prices
• August 8, 1909
• operated by two American Manila Policemen, Frank H. Goulette and
Eddie Teague

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The Establishment of Movie Houses

1909-1911
• It, Paz, Cabildo, Empire, Majestic,Comedis, Apollo, Ideal, Luz and Gaity
• 1909- Zorilla, the vanguard of zarzuela and opera presentations
• 1910- Grand Opera House

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The Establishment of Movie Houses

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First Feature Film
Produced in The
Philippines
The first story film made in the Philippines-
Rose of the Philippines may have been...
Rose of the Philippines

• Produced on location in Manila in 1909 by the IMP Company.

Carl Laemmele’s Independent Moving Picture Company
• Some film historians dispute the film contending that it must have been a
slide show.
• IMP released the 760 foot film with 8 minutes screening time in the U.S.
theaters in January 1910.
• It was released in Manila in 1911 and was advertised in the Manila Times
as “Among the First Films produced Locally – a dramatic story from
the days of the Empire”.

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The First Movie
With Sound
The first picture with sound reached Manila in
1910, using the Chronophone. But...
The F irst Movie With Sound

• 1910 - 1st picture with sound reached in Manila

• 1930 – American film Syncopation was the first “talkie” shown in the
Philippines
• 1932, December 8 – Ang Aswang (The Vampire) was promoted as the first
sound film
• 1933, March 9 – Jose Nepomuceno’s Punyal na Guinto (Golden Dagger)
premiered at the Lyric Theater was credited as the very first locally made
talkie ( film with sound).
The F irst Movie With Sound

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The Film Marketing
in the Philippines
In 1912, New York and Hollywood film
companies started to establish their own...
The Film Marketing in the Phili ppines

• 1912 - New York and Hollywood film companies started to establish their
own agencies in Manila
• 1915 - the best films were being enjoyed by Filipino audiences in Manila
and the Provinces
• World War I (1914-1918) - choked off the production of European studios

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The Golden
Episodes in
Philippine Cinema
In 1937, the first Filipino movie to achieve
international plaudit was Zamboanga...
The Golden Episodes in Philippine Cinema

1937 – Zamboanga was the first Filipino movie to

the achieve international plaudit.
oFernando Poe
oRosa Del Rosario
The film was praise by the Hollywood director,
Frank Capra.

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The Golden Episodes in Philippine Cinema

• 1950 – Manuel Conde’s Genghis Khan was

released.
• 1952 – Genghis Khan was a rave at the Venice
Film Festival.
• 1954 – Genghis Khan was dabbed in French
which was shown in Paris.
• Genghis Khan was remade in Hollywood with
John Wayne as its lead actor.

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The Golden Episodes in Philippine Cinema

5th and 6th decades were the Golden age of

Philippine cinema.
oKandelerong Pilak
oIfugao
oAnak Dalita
oBadjao
oAnak ng Dagat
These films swept awards at the
Cambodian, Asia and Berlin Film Festivals.
In Asia-Pacific Film Festival (Asian Film Festival),
Philippine cinema was the undisputed leader in
the continents film scene.

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The First Color Film
in the Philippines
A British film crew also visited the Philippines,
and filmed, among other scenes...
The First Color Film in the Philip pines

British film crew - Pagsanjan Falls (Oriental, 1911) in kinemakolor

Bert Yearley’s Oriental Films - commissioned this production
- six months free movie passes to the lucky movie patron
Arrival of the steamship “Empress Russia” - bringing the processed film from
London

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The First Color Film in the Philip pines

• During the 5th decade of the 20th century -

Hollywood’s first full length picture in living
Technicolor.

• Prinsipe Amante (1951) - directed by

National Artist for Theater and Film
Lamberto V. Avellana.
The First Color Film in the Philip pines

• 6th decade - succeeded in

presenting to the public some full
length pictures in living
Eastmancolor.

• Ito ang Pilipino by J.E. Production

- lead actor Mr. Joseph Estrada

• 7th decade - local producers and

film makers ceased and pictures in
black and white

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Censorship and
Taxes on Philippine
Cinema
The Government established the Board of
Censors for cinematographic films in 1912..
Censorship and Taxes on Philippine Cinema

• 1912- The government established the Board of Censors for

cinematographic films
• 1915- Imposition of Government Amusement Tax (GAT)
-Income taxes were imposed
• 1916- Bureau of Internal Revenue started collecting taxes on film

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Censorship and Taxes on Philippine Cinema

• 1929- Board of Censorship for Moving Pictures superseded the board of

Censors for cinematographic films. This is now known as Movie and
Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB).
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The First Producer
Association
The first association of motion picture
producers and distributors was organized in...
The First Producer Association

• 1911 First association of motion pictures producers and distributors was

organized
• It was censorship that caused them to unite; it was taxes that made their
union permanent.

• During 5th decade

film productions became one of the major industries of the country

• The hope of the filmmakers and distributors to eliminate taxes waned out
as their enthusiasm in the struggle to fight censorship withered away.
The Creation of the
Film Academy
Realizing the importance and the
contributory value of the movie industry to...
The Creation of the Film Academy

The Creation of the Film Academy

Presidential Decree was issued creating
the Film Academy of the Philippines.
 The Creation of the Film Academy

 MOWELFUND – Movie Welfare Fund

 KAPP – Katipunan ng mga Artista ng Pelikulang Pilipino
 KDPP -Kapisanan ng mga Director ng Pelikulang Pilipino
 DGPI – Directors Guild of the Philippines, Inc.
 SGP – Screenwriters Guild of the Philippines
 FEGMP – Film Editors Guild for Motion Pictures
 PDGP -Production Designers Guild of the Philippines
 STAMP – Sound Technicians Association for Motion Pictures

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 The Creation of the Film Academy

 ADPM – Assistant Directors and Production Managers

 FSC – Filipino Society of Cinematographers
 UFIMDAP– United Film Music Directors Association of the Philippines
 OSFILM – Organization of Specialized Filmmakers
 AFW – Actor’s Workshop Foundation
 PMPPA – Philippine Motion Picture Producers Association
 MPDAP – Movie Producers & Distributors Association of the Philippines

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Film as an Effective
Medium
It was Jose Nepomuceno who came on the
scene and realized the challenge and....
Film as an Effective Medium

Jose Nepomuceno, he saw cinema, not only as a profitable entertainment

fare, but as a unique medium with which to document the unfolding
development of the Philippines.
- Dalagang Bukid (1919) - convinced that excellent local movies could
project the Philippine condition abroad as no other medium could.

Seventy-five years later, (and to the present) the coveted objective of the
patriotic reviewer, is still a goal of the Philippine film industry.

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Government’s
Recognition of
Cinemas Relevance
The Philippine Commission recognized early
the potential of cinema as a tool of...

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Government’s Recognition of Cinemas Relevance

• Philippine Commission recognized cinema as tool for communication and

information
• 1909- Bureau of Science
- Bought filmmaking unit
- Sent Charles Martin to France- For training, he documented varied
aspects of the Philippines
1911- His film crew documented the taal volcano eruption

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Government’s Recognition of Cinemas Relevance

• Government filmmaking started recording life among cultural communities

for the Department of Interior- to making movies for Bureau of Health and
Education
• 1914- U.S colonial government was using films for propaganda
• Bureau of Science present the accurate picture of Philippines before the
American public U.S congress

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Government’s Recognition of Cinemas Relevance

EXAMPLE
- 1915 Panama Exposition Film
- “The Citizen” Published in Manila Publication
- National government film producing plans

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The Effects of
Global Economic
Trends on Cinema
The nascent shifting of industrial society to
information society has resulted to a...

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The Effects of Global Economic Trends on Cinema

• Shift industrial society to information society resulted to a single

economy
• Causing to an economic reality than intellectual abstraction
• Collapsing of information float
• New information technologies: new activities, processes, and products

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The Effects of Global Economic Trends on Cinema

BIG MOVIE STUDIOS

• Hollywood
 20th Century Fox
 MGM
 Paramount
 Columbia
 Universal

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The Effects of Global Economic Trends on Cinema

BIG MVIE STUDIOS

• Philippines
• Premier production
• Sampaguita pictures
• LVN Studio
• Lebran Production

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A Creative Presentation of Group 1
Historical Development of Motion Picture in the Philippines
Layout and Designed by Anthony S. Arcenas

Contributors:
Altares, Lalaine Anne P.
Asuncion, Patricia Anne N.
Baroga, Rosalee T.
Galera, Amaina Rae F.
Henson, Lorielle Angelica R.
King, Stefanie L.
Lacson, Jose Eduardo M.
Lazaro, Nicole Abigail R.
Negrosa, Pamela D.
Otero, Jennifer D.
Quimpan, Nicole Joyce
Reference
Bautista, A. (N/A) History of Philippine Cinema. NCCA.GOV.PH
Retrieved form https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-
3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-the-arts-
sca/cinema/history-of-philippine-cinema/

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