DATACOM OPERATING SYSTEM

Version 5.6.0

QUICK CONFIGURATION GUIDE

204.4292.19 - June 23, 2020

DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Contacts

Contacts

Technical Support

Datacom has available a support portal - DmSupport, to help the customers in use and config of our equipment.

Access to the DmSupport can be made through link: https://supportcenter.datacom.com.br

In this site the following are available: firmwares, technical datasheets, config guide, MIBs and manuals for down-
load. In addition, it allows opening of calls for assistance with our technical team.

Telephone Number: +55 51 3933-3122

We would like to highlight that our assistance through telephone support is available from Monday through Friday from
08:00 AM through 05:30 PM.

Important: For support assistance 24x7, please request a quotation to our sales department.

General Information

For any other additional information, please visit the https://www.datacom.com.br/en or call:

DATACOM

Rua América, 1000

92990-000 - Eldorado do Sul - RS - Brazil

+55 51 3933-3000

DATACOM 204.4292.19 - June 23, 2020 2

DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Product Documentation

Product Documentation
This document is part of a set of documents prepared to provide all necessary information about DATACOM products.

Software Platform

• Quick Configuration Guide - Provides instructions on how to set functionalities in a quick manner in the equipment

• Troubleshooting Guide - Provides instructions on how to analyze, identify and solve problems with the product

• Command Reference - Provides all the commands related to the product

• Release Notes - Provides instructions on the new functionalities, identified defects and compatibilities between
Software and Hardware

Hardware Platform

• Datasheet - Provides the Hardware and Software technical characteristics of product

• Installation Guide - Provides instructions on the procedures covering product installation

The availability of some documents can vary depending on the type of product.

Access https://supportcenter.datacom.com.br to locate the related documents or contact the Technical Support for
additional information.

DATACOM 204.4292.19 - June 23, 2020 3

DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Introduction to the document

Introduction to the document

About this Document

The present document is a set of instructions that provide a quick and objective explanation on the use of the functionalities
available in the product. It also covers the initial configs that are generally required immediately after installation of the
product.

This document was developed to be used as an eventual source for solution of technical issues, and for this reason its
sequential reading is not mandatory. However, if you are setting the equipment and is not familiar with the product,
reading of the document since the beginning is recommended.

It is presumed that the individual or individuals that manage any aspect of the product should have the basic knowledge of
Ethernet, network protocols and communication networks in general.

Audience

This guide is directed to network administrators, technicians or teams qualified to install, set, plan and maintain this
product.

Conventions

To facilitate understanding of the present manual, the following conventions were adopted:

Icons

Icon Type Description

Note The notes explain in a better manner a detail included in the text.

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Introduction to the document

Icon Type Description

WEEE Directive Symbol (Applicable in the European Union and other European coun-
tries with separate collection systems). This symbol on the product or its packaging
indicates that this product must not be disposed of with other waste. Instead, it is your
responsibility to dispose of your waste equipment by handing it over to a designated
collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment. The
Note
separate collection and recycling of your waste equipment at the time of disposal
will help conserve natural resources and ensure that it is recycled in a manner that
protects human health and the environment. For more information about where you
can drop off your consumer waste equipment for recycling, please contact your local
city recycling office or the dealer from whom you originally purchased the product.

This symbols means that, case the procedure was not correctly followed, may exist
Warning
electrical shock risk.

Warning Represents laser radiation. It is necessary to avoid eye and skin exposure.

Warning Non-ionizing radiation emission.

This symbol means that this text is very important and, if the orientations were not
Caution
correct followed, it may cause damage or hazard.

Indicates that equipment, or a part is ESDS (Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive). It should

Caution
not be handled without grounding wrist strap or equivalent.

A warning icon requests special attention to the conditions that, if not avoided, may cause physical damages
to the equipment.

A caution icon requests special attention to the conditions that, if not avoided, may result in risk of death of
serious injury.

DATACOM 204.4292.19 - June 23, 2020 5

DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Contacts 2

Product Documentation 3

Introduction to the document 4

1 Basic Management 15
1.1 First login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.1.1 Installing and energizing the equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.1.2 Accessing the equipment using the console port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.1.3 Accessing the equipment using the out-of-band management port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.1.4 Accessing the equipment for the first time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2 Firmware Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2.1 DmOS Software Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2.2 Firmware downgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.2.3 ONUs Software Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3 CLI Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.3.1 Operational Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.3.2 Configuration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.3.3 Configuration Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3.4 Create Alias Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.4 Configuration Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.4.1 Stored Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.4.2 Restoring Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.4.3 Restoring Factory Config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.5 Files Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.5.1 Saving the Configuration in File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.5.2 Exporting the Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.5.3 Importing the Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.5.4 File Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.5.5 Updating config with a saved file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.5.6 File edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.5.7 Exporting the SNMP MIBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

2 Equipment Management 27
2.1 Password Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.2 Password Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.2.1 Configuration reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.2.2 Admin user password reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS

2.3 Licenses Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2.3.1 Enabling MPLS license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.3.2 Enabling 100 Gigabit ports license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.3.3 Verifying Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.4 Product Model Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.4.1 DM4270 24XS Product Model Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.5 Forwarding Resources Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.6 Management Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.6.1 Configuring Out-of-Band Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.6.2 Configuring In-Band Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.7 CLI Access Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.7.1 Generating SSH Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.7.2 Enabling SSH Legacy Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.7.3 Configuring Maximum Connections of SSH and Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.7.4 Enabling Telnet Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.8 Hostname Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.8.1 Configuring Hostname . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.9 Banner Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.9.1 Configuring Banner in Single Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.9.2 Configuring Banner in Multiple Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.9.3 Verifying Banner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.10 System Clock and Date Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.10.1 Configuring System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.10.2 Configuring Timezone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.10.3 Verifying Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

3 Network Management 38
3.1 LLDP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.1.1 Configuring LLDP between two Neighbors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.1.2 Verifying LLDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2 SNTP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.2.1 Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.2.2 Configuring SNTP with Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.2.3 Verifying SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3 Syslog Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.1 Configuring Remote Syslog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.3.2 Verifying Syslog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.4 SNMP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.4.1 Configuring SNMPv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Table of Contents

3.4.2 Configuring SNMPv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

3.4.3 Configuring the sending of SNMP notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.4.4 Configuring SNMP parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.4.5 Verifying SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.5 Ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.6 Traceroute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.7 SSH Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.8 Telnet Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

4 OAM 51
4.1 CFM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.1.1 Configuring CFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.1.2 Configuring CFM with QinQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.1.3 Enabling Alarm Indication Signal (ETH-AIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.1.4 Enabling Action Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.1.5 Enabling Action Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.1.6 Fault management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.1.7 Verifying CFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.2 EFM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.2.1 Enabling EFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.2.2 Verifying EFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.3 RDM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.3.1 Configuring RDM as a slave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.3.2 Verifying RDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.4 Traffic Loop Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.4.1 Configuring Traffic Loop for L2 Traffic Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4.5 TWAMP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4.5.1 Configuring a TWAMP session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.5.2 Configuring ACLs in TWAMP Reflector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.5.3 Configuring TWAMP in VRF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.5.4 Calculating the maximum number os session in TWAMP Reflector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.5.5 Verifying TWAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.6 sFLOW Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
4.6.1 Configuring sFLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4.7 Task scheduling configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4.7.1 Automatic reboot configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.7.2 Automatic backup configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.7.3 Executing a task manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.7.4 Running a task from a pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

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4.7.5 Verifying Assistant Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

4.8 User Defined Counters Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.8.1 VLAN counters configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
4.8.2 Interface counters configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
4.8.3 Verifying Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5 Users Authentication 74
5.1 Local Users Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
5.1.1 Creating a new Local User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5.1.2 Deleting a Local User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5.2 TACACS+ Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5.2.1 Configuring a TACACS+ Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5.3 RADIUS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
5.3.1 Configuring a RADIUS Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
5.4 Authentication Order Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
5.4.1 Configuring RADIUS with higher priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
5.4.2 Configuring TACACS+ with higher priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

6 Interfaces 79
6.1 Ethernet Interfaces Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.1.1 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.1.2 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.1.3 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
6.1.4 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces MTU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.1.5 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces TPID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.1.6 Configuring a 10Gbps Interface to operate in 1Gbps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
6.1.7 Verifying Ethernet Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.2 Link Aggregation Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.2.1 Configuring a LAG in static mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
6.2.2 Configuring a LAG in dynamic mode (LACP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
6.2.3 Configuring the load balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
6.2.4 Configuring maximum and minimum number of active links in a LAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
6.2.5 Verifying Link Aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3 Port Mirroring Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3.1 Configuring Port Mirroring for received traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3.2 Configuring Port Mirroring for transmitted traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.3.3 Configuring Port Mirroring for transmitted and received traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.4 Link Flap Detection Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.4.1 Configuring Link Flap Detection on Ethernet Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.4.2 Verifying Link Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

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7 GPON 90
7.1 Basic Operation of GPON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
7.1.1 Setting the GPON interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
7.1.2 Setting the ONUs Authentication Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7.1.3 Discovering the ONUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
7.1.4 GPON basic verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
7.2 GPON Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
7.2.1 Loading the Default Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
7.2.2 Bandwidth Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
7.2.3 Line Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
7.2.4 SIP Agent Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
7.2.5 SNMP Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
7.2.6 GEM Traffic Agent Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
7.2.7 Residential Gateway Profile (RG-Profile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
7.2.8 TR-069 ACS Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
7.2.9 Verifying GPON profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
7.3 GPON Service Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7.3.1 Service VLAN N:1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7.3.2 Service VLAN 1:1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7.3.3 Service VLAN TLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
7.4 Mapping the Service Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.4.1 Service Port - Transparent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.4.2 Service Port - Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.4.3 Service Port - Add . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.5 Setting GPON Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
7.5.1 Configuring a N:1 Application with ONU bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7.5.2 Configuring a 1:1 Application with ONU bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
7.5.3 Configuring a TLS Application with ONU router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
7.6 Automatic Provisioning of ONUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.6.1 Verifying GPON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
7.6.2 Verifying automatic provisioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

8 Switching 110
8.1 MAC Table Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
8.1.1 Configuring Aging Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
8.1.2 Disabling MAC learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
8.1.3 Verifying MAC Address Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
8.2 VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
8.2.1 Configuring VLAN with Tagged Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

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8.2.2 Configuring VLAN with Untagged Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

8.2.3 Configuring VLAN Translate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
8.2.4 Configuring QinQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
8.2.5 Configuring Selective QinQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
8.2.6 Verifying VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
8.3 RSTP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
8.3.1 Configuring a Basic RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
8.3.2 Applying RSTP parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
8.3.3 Verifying RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4 MSTP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4.1 Configuring MSTP for load balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
8.4.2 Verifying MSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
8.5 EAPS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
8.5.1 Configuring a Basic Ring EAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
8.5.2 Verifying EAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
8.6 ERPS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
8.6.1 Configuring a Basic Ring ERPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
8.6.2 Verifying ERPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
8.7 L2CP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
8.7.1 Configuring L2CP in extended mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
8.7.2 Configuring L2CP by Specific Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
8.7.3 Configuring L2CP Extended PDU transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
8.7.4 Verifying L2CP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
8.7.5 PDUs default behavior in OLT platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
8.7.6 PDUs default behavior in Switch platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
8.8 Loopback Detection Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
8.8.1 Configuring Loopback Detection for access network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
8.8.2 Verifying Loopback Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
8.9 DHCP Relay L2 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
8.9.1 Verifying DHCP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

9 IP Services 131
9.1 IP Addresses Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
9.1.1 Configuring IPv4 addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
9.1.2 Configuring IPv6 addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
9.1.3 Verifying IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
9.1.4 MTU configuration in L3 interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
9.2 IPv6 SLAAC Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
9.2.1 Verifying IPv6 SLAAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

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9.3 L3 DHCP Relay Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

9.3.1 Configuring VLANs to the service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
9.3.2 Configuring DHCP relay service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
9.3.3 Configuring DHCP relay service by interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

10 Routing 138
10.1 Static Routing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
10.1.1 Configuring a Default Static Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
10.1.2 Verifying Static Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
10.2 Black hole route configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
10.2.1 IPv4 black hole route configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
10.2.2 IPv6 black hole route configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
10.2.3 Summarization with black hole routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
10.3 VLAN Routing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
10.3.1 Configuring a Basic Routing between VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
10.3.2 Verifying Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
10.4 VRF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
10.4.1 Configuring VRF Lite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
10.4.2 Enabling Route Leaking between VRFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
10.4.3 Verifying VRFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
10.5 OSPFv2 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
10.5.1 Configuring OSPFv2 in Point to Point Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
10.5.2 Configuring OSPFv2 in Broadcast Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
10.5.3 Configuring the area in OSPFv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
10.5.4 Filtering received OSPFv2 routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
10.5.5 Enabling ECMP in OSPFv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
10.5.6 Route summarization in OSPFv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
10.5.7 Verifying OSPFv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
10.6 OSPFv3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
10.6.1 Configuring OSPFv3 Point to Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
10.6.2 Enabling ECMP in OSPFv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
10.6.3 Verifying OSPFv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
10.7 BGP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
10.7.1 Configuring a eBGP IPv4 Single Homed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
10.7.2 Configuring route-maps and IPv4 prefix-lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
10.7.3 Configuring a iBGP IPv6 Single Homed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
10.7.4 Configuring route-maps and IPv6 prefix-lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
10.7.5 Configuring BGP Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
10.7.6 Verifying BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

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10.8 VRRP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

10.8.1 Configuring a VRRPv2 to provide High-Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
10.8.2 Verifying VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
10.9 BFD Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
10.9.1 Configuring BFD in OSPFv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
10.9.2 Verifying BFD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

11 MPLS 173
11.1 LDP configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
11.2 RSVP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
11.3 VPWS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
11.3.1 VPWS with LDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
11.3.2 VPWS with RSVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
11.4 VPLS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
11.4.1 VPLS with LDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
11.4.2 VPLS with RSVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
11.4.3 Enabling TLS in a VPLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
11.5 Enabling FAT in a L2VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
11.6 Verifying L2VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
11.7 L3VPN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
11.7.1 Configuring a L3VPN Site-to-Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
11.7.2 Configuring a L3VPN Hub and Spoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
11.7.3 Configuring BGP between PEs and CEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
11.7.4 Enabling AS Override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
11.7.5 Enabling Allow AS In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
11.7.6 Configuring OSPF between PEs and CEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
11.7.7 Verifying L3VPNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

12 Multicast 213
12.1 IGMP Snooping Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
12.1.1 Configuring IGMP Snooping in Ethernet Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
12.1.2 Configuring IGMP Snooping in GPON Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
12.1.3 Verifying IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

13 QoS 216
13.1 Congestion Control Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
13.1.1 Configuring WFQ Scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
13.2 Traffic Shapping Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
13.2.1 Configuring Rate Limit on Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
13.3 Traffic Policing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

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13.3.1 Configuring Traffic Policing based on VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

13.3.2 Configuring Traffic Policing based on inner VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
13.3.3 Configuring Traffic Policing based on PCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
13.3.4 Configuring Traffic Policing based on DSCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
13.3.5 Verifying QoS policers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

14 Security 222
14.1 Storm Control Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
14.1.1 Configuring Storm Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
14.1.2 Verifying Storm Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
14.2 ACL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
14.2.1 Configuring ACL L2 to deny traffic of a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
14.2.2 Configuring ACL L3 to deny traffic of IPv4 Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
14.2.3 Configuring an ACL for CPU protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
14.2.4 Verifying ACLs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
14.3 Anti IP Spoofing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
14.3.1 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for specific IPv4 and MAC address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
14.3.2 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for specific IPv4 address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
14.3.3 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for all IPv6 addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
14.3.4 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
14.3.5 Verifying Anti IP Spoofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
14.4 MAC Limit Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
14.4.1 Configuring MAC Limit on Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
14.4.2 Configuring MAC Limit on VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
14.4.3 Verifying MAC Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Legal Note 230

Warranty 230

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1 Basic Management
This chapter contains the following sections:

• First login

• Firmware Management

• CLI Overview

• Configuration Management

• Files Management

1.1 First login

1.1.1 Installing and energizing the equipment

Please check the detailed instructions in the equipment Installation Guide.

1.1.2 Accessing the equipment using the console port

Accessing the equipment using the console port

Access to equipment CLI can be carried out through the console port. A serial cable is required and a terminal emulator
such as Hyper Terminal or similar is needed. The terminal settings should be set as 9600 8N1.

1.1.3 Accessing the equipment using the out-of-band management port

Accessing the equipment using the out-of-band management port

The equipment CLI can also be accessed through the management port, called MGMT. The MGMT port is an Ethernet port
dedicated for management and is not enabled to be used by L2 or L3 protocols.

To access the CLI, a LAN cable should be connected to the MGMT port and an IP address should be configured in the
auxiliary PC network card. The equipment default IP address is 192.168.0.25/24. A SSH application in the auxiliary PC is
required to connected to the equipment.

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1.1.4 Accessing the equipment for the first time

To login to the equipment for the first time, the admin user and admin default password must be used.

login: admin
Password: admin
Welcome to the DmOS CLI

For security purposes, it is highly recommended to change the equipment default password.

Please read the Users’ Authentication chapter to check how to proceed to change user password.

Using the CLI

The easiest manner to use the command line is simply writing the command and pressing [Enter].

# command [Enter]

If the command includes also a parameter, the keyword and its arguments should be inserted. The argument specifies how
the parameter is changed. Values include numbers, strings or addresses, depending on the keyword. After input of the
command [Enter] should be pressed.

# command keyword argument [Enter]

1.2 Firmware Management

The DmOS has two memory locations for firmware storage. After downloading the firmware the image is saved in the
inactive or empty position.

Contact DATACOM Technical Support to check the firmware images available for download and installation
according to your product and requirements.

1.2.1 DmOS Software Update

To update the equipment using CLI, PC with TFTP, SCP or HTTP server is required in order to send the firmware image to
the equipment. The examples below demonstrate how to update the equipment firmware with file named build.swu
through server with IPv4 address 192.168.0.1.

To receive the firmware image from a TFTP server, use the following command:

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request firmware add tftp://192.168.0.1/build.swu

To receive the firmware image using SCP, use the following command:

request firmware add scp://192.168.0.1/build.swu username user password "pass"

To receive the firmware image using HTTP, use the following command:

request firmware add http://192.168.0.1/build.swu

The received firmware image will be in the Inactive position. It is possible to check the download progress of firmware and
the newly received firmware using the following command:

As the firmware is written directly on the flash, the equipment removes the firmware that was in the Inactive
position during the update process, so in case of failure it will be Empty.

show firmware

To activate the firmware that is in the Inactive position, use the command below. The equipment will reboot automatically
after the firmware activation is completed.

request firmware activate

Warning: Firmware downgrade may not be totally supported. Please, refer to
the Hardware and Software Compatibility section in the DmOS Release Notes.
Warning: The system will reboot automatically in order to complete the
activation process. Once initiated this process cannot be interrupted.
Proceed with activation? [no,yes] yes

An automatic reboot will occur after the activation process is completed.

After the equipment is rebooted, check if the new firmware is in the Active position using the command below.

show firmware

1.2.2 Firmware downgrade

The firmware downgrade process, should be performed in a controlled manner and some precautions are required to
avoid incompatibility issues.

DmOS does not preserve the current configuration during the firmware downgrade process, the last configuration used in
the previous version of the installed firmware will be loaded.

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If the equipment never had the older firmware installed, it does will not have a configuration backup of that
version and will boot with factory configuration.

For details on DmOS version compatibility, the document DmOS Release Notes should be consulted.

Below are the steps to take in the DmOS firmware downgrade process.

1- Save current setting to a text file.

configure
save <FILE_NAME>

2 - Request firmware for equipment.

request firmware add <protocol://ipaddress/path/fw_name>

3 - Verify Firmware Appears with Inactive Status.

show firmware

4 - Activate the firmware.

request firmware activate

1.2.3 ONUs Software Update

For hardware platforms that support the GPON technology, the ONU firmware image can be sent to the equipment using
the CLI. Before executing the next steps, it is important to ensure that all the ONUs to be updated are in the UP operational
status.

Firmware Download

To download the ONU firmware to the OLT execute the following procedure:

request firmware onu add tftp://192.168.0.1/fw_onu.bin

Wait for the message “ONU firmware file download has succeeded” to proceed with the next steps.

ONU Updating

To update only the ONU 1 in the GPON 1/1/1 interface, the user should proceed with the following command:

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request firmware onu install fw_onu.bin interface gpon 1/1/1 onu 1

To check the update progress, use the following command:

show interface gpon 1/1/1 onu

ID Serial Number Oper State Software Download State Name
---- ------------- ---------- -------------------------- -----------
0 DACM00001533 Down None CLIENT-01
1 DACM000001E0 Up Download in progress (60%) CLIENT-02
126 DACM00001C7B Up None CLIENT-03
127 DTCM10000006 Up None CLIENT-04

During the download status, the ONU status will be in Download in progress. After a few minutes the ONU
will reset automatically with the new firmware, changing the status to Complete.

Alternatively, it is possible to update an ONU firmware via an L3 interface using the following command:

request firmware onu install fw_onu.bin in-band-upgrade ip-address 172.24.1.158 model dm984-42x
username support password support

Note that the ONU is referred by its IP address configured in the IP host interface, in this case, it is necessary
to configure an IP address to the correspondent VLAN in the OLT via L3 interface, as described in IP Addresses
Configuration. This connectivity can be validated using ping to the ONU IP host address from the OLT.
During copy firmware process the CLI is unavailable to the user until the procedure finishes.

Updating all ONUs of a PON link

To update all the ONUs of a PON link the user should execute the following procedure. The example shows the update of
all the ONUs of the 1/1/7 PON link.

request firmware onu install fw_onu.bin interface gpon 1/1/7 all

Update will be executed in groups of 8 ONUs.

To check the update progress of all the ONUs, use the following command:

show interface gpon 1/1/7 onu

ID Serial Number Oper State Software Download State Name
---- ------------- ---------- -------------------------- -----------
0 DACM00000B4F Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-22
1 DACM00000B7C Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-23
2 DACM00000B7B Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-24
3 DACM00000B92 Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-25
4 DACM00000B73 Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-26
5 DACM00000B8A Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-31
6 DACM00000B8E Up Download in progress (97%) CLIENT-32
7 DACM00000B78 Up Download in progress (92%) CLIENT-33
8 DACM00000B8D Up None CLIENT-34

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9 DACM00000B7A Up None CLIENT-35

10 DACM00000B8B Up None CLIENT-36
11 DACM00000B90 Up None CLIENT-37
12 DACM00000B96 Up None CLIENT-38
13 DACM00000B74 Up None CLIENT-39
14 DACM00000B49 Up None CLIENT-40
15 DACM00000B58 Up None CLIENT-41
16 DACM00000B15 Up None CLIENT-42

During the download, the ONUs status will be in Download in progress. After a few minutes the ONUs will
reset automatically with the new firmware, changing the status to Complete.

1.3 CLI Overview

The equipment can be managed through the CLI using the equipment console port or using TELNET and SSH sessions.

DmOS’ CLI supports the config and operational modes that provide commands related to config, monitoring of software,
hardware and network connectivity with other equipment.

1.3.1 Operational Mode

Upon logging in the equipment, the user will enter automatically in the operational mode. In this mode, it is possible to
check the equipment information, execute network connectivity test and other items. However, in this mode, it is not
possible to execute modifications in the equipment config.

To visualize the list of commands available in this mode, enter the command ?

It is possible to check some information related to the equipment in the operational mode through the following commands:

Command Description

show platform Presents the equipment model, modules and firmware in use

show inventory Presents the equipment inventory, modules and interfaces in use

show environment Presents the temperature sensor values

show firmware Presents the firmware version

show running-config Presents the equipment current config

show system cpu Presents the equipment values of the CPU in use

show system memory Presents the values of equipment memory

show system uptime Presents the equipment time of activity

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Command Description

who Present the users connected in the equipment

It is possible to execute any command of the operational mode within the config mode adding the keyword do before the
command. Below is an example:

do show running-config

1.3.2 Configuration Mode

To modify the config, entering in the config mode through the following command is required:

config

If the user would like to exit the config mode, it may use the command below at any config hierarchical level or also enter
only [Ctrl]+[Z].

end

If the user would like to return to the first level of config, it is possible to use the command below at any config hierarchical
level.
top

Two options of config mode are available: terminal and exclusive. If the command config is not completed, with the
preferred mode, by default, the terminal mode will be used.

Terminal Mode

In this mode, any config in the equipment changed by other session will conflict with the config of the current session. In
the attempt to save a config, a message will the instructions to solve the conflict will be exhibited. The command below is
used to enter in this config mode:

config terminal

By default, if the user enters in the config mode without specifying any specific mode, the mode to be used will be the
terminal mode.
config

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Exclusive Mode

When the user enters in the exclusive mode, any other simultaneous session will be unable to apply its configs. The
command below is used to enter in this config mode:

config exclusive

1.3.3 Configuration Types

The DmOS uses the NETCONF protocol define by the RFC4741. The NETCONF defines the existence of one or more saved
data configs allowing operation of the config in each one. The DmOS uses two configs, however, only one is executing in
fact in the equipment, as follows:

• Candidate-config: While the user changes the config and does not execute the commit, the config is saved
temporarily in a candidate-config. If the device resets or exits the session, the candidate-config will be lost.

• Running-config: After the user executes the commit command the candidate-config is applied to the running-config
becoming active in the equipment and in all the software components.

When the user enters in the config mode and starts executing configs, the config in fact is still not being applied in the
equipment. In this case, the user is writing the config in the candidate-config. The command below shall exhibit the
candidate-config of the hierarchical level in which the user is located:

show

The next command shall exhibit only the changes introduced in the candidate-config:

show configuration

To activate and save the candidate-config it is important to copy it to the running-config. The command below shall save
the candidate-config in the running-config.

commit

However, if the user would like only to check the candidate-config but does not wish to copy it to the running-config the
following command should be used:

commit check

The user can also confirm temporarily a candidate-config and wait for a confirmation within a given period of time
(standard 10 minutes). If the time expires and the user does not confirm, the config will be reversed to the previous. This
option is available only in the exclusive config mode.

commit confirmed

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The user may abort the config still to be confirmed and before the time limit using the following command:

commit abort

To delete all the config changes introduced after the last saved config, the user should use the following command:

clear

1.3.4 Create Alias Command

The DmOS allows the user to create a custom command, making it possible to return the result of one or more commands
as a result of only one command.

Suppose the user often runs a script to check system information.

The steps below show how to set up an alias to return the output of the show environment, show platform, and show
firmware commands by running only the show-system command.

config
alias show-system
expansion "show environment ; show platform ; show firmware"
commit

The alias command does not allow auto-complete.

1.4 Configuration Management

1.4.1 Stored Configurations

When the user saves a config, a file containing the config changes is generated and stored. To check this list of files, the
user should use the following command:

show configuration commit list

The last 64 committed settings are saved.

1.4.2 Restoring Configuration

If the user would like to reverse the last saved config, it should use the following procedure:

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rollback configuration
commit

The user may restore the more recently saved configs. To do this, it should use the following procedure:

rollback configuration FILE-NAME

commit

However, if the user would like to select only one specific file that is saved without returning to the most recent changes, it
should use the following procedure:

rollback selective FILE-NAME

commit

1.4.3 Restoring Factory Config

The procedure below shall delete the entire config and load the default config in its position. Route and IP
address configs will be lost.

To load a default config in the candidate-config, the user should execute the command:

load factory-config

It is possible to execute any config prior to execution of the commit. Thus, it is possible to maintain the
management config if required.

commit

1.5 Files Management

1.5.1 Saving the Configuration in File

The user may save the candidate-config in a file (including the standard configs) without applying it in the document. The
command below shall save the candidate-config in a file called CANDIDATE-CONFIG:

save CANDIDATE-CONFIG

The user may also save configs made in a specific path using the path filter. For example, if the user would like to save only
the config of a MGMT interface (including the standard configs) in a file called INTF-MGMT-CONFIG, it should use the
following command:

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save INTF-MGMT-CONFIG interface mgmt

Care should be taken not to load a saved file that has no full config using the override option.

1.5.2 Exporting the Files

After saving a file, the user may export such file to a TFTP or SCP server. The command below shall forward the file via
TFTP protocol saved as CANDIDATE-CONFIG to the 172.1.1.1 server.

copy file CANDIDATE-CONFIG tftp://172.1.1.1

1.5.3 Importing the Files

After exporting a file, the user may import such file from a TFTP or SCP server. The command below shall download the
CANDIDATE-CONFIG file from 172.1.1.1 server via TFTP protocol.

copy file tftp://172.1.1.1 CANDIDATE-CONFIG

1.5.4 File Handling

To exhibit all the saved files, the user should use the following command. As it is an operational mode command, the
keyword “do“ should be added in front of the command when in the config mode.

file list

It is possible to check the content of a saved file using the following command:

file show FILE-NAME

To delete a file, the following command should be used: :

file delete FILE-NAME

1.5.5 Updating config with a saved file

It is possible to merge the candidate-config with a saved file using the merge option. Thus, if new commands exist
in the file, they will be loaded for the candidate-config. If the commands in the file are in conflict with those in the
candidate-config, these will replace the commands in the candidate-config.

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load merge FILE-NAME

commit

Through the override command, the user may delete the entire candidate-config and load a new full config of a file:

load override FILE-NAME

commit

1.5.6 File edit

Is is possible to edit an existing file or create a new one, if it does not already exist. The file name is limited to 255 characters
and must not start with "." ou "-", nor contain directory path.

To edit a file, the following command should be used:

file edit FILE-NAME

The file editor will be opened. Use "CTRL + s" to save the file and "CTRL + x" to exit the editor and return to DmOS CLI.

1.5.7 Exporting the SNMP MIBs

The user can export a file with all SNMP MIBs supported by equipment to a TFTP or SCP server.

The command below shall forward the MIBs file named datacom-mibs.tar.gz via TFTP protocol to the 172.1.1.1 server.

copy mibs tftp://172.1.1.1

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2 Equipment Management
The network administrator may set an equipment with DmOS in two manners:

• CLI (Comand-Line Interface: Provides a set of commands to manage the equipment through a Telnet, SSH
connection or through the console port.

• DmView: It is the NMS (Network Management System) of DATACOM based on SNMP and NETCONF. The DmView is a
network management integrated system and elements, designed to supervise and set DATACOM equipment, offering
monitoring, config, provisioning, audit, performance, security, discovery, maps and inventory functionalities.

This chapter will guide the user in how to proceed with the equipment management config through CLI. It contains the
following sections:

• Password Configuration

• Password Reset

• Licenses Configuration

• Product Model Configuration

• Forwarding Resources Configuration

• Management Configuration

• CLI Access Configuration

• Hostname Configuration

• Banner Configuration

• System Clock and Date Configuration

2.1 Password Configuration

It is recommended to set the protocol passwords always between double quotations marks "password".
Thus, it is possible to set passwords with no problems related to use of special characters.

2.2 Password Reset

To perform a password reset in DmOS, it is necessary to access the equipment through the console port and restart it.
During the boot process, when the message Press CTRL-C to stop booting is displayed, press CTRL+C to access U-Boot.
A password will be requested.

To generate the U-Boot password, it is necessary to contact Datacom Support and inform the equipment serial number
and MAC address, shown during boot as below.

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MGMT PHY: reset OK

Board ID: 0x27270100
Serial Number: 1234567
MAC Address: 00:04:DF:00:00:00
Net: Initializing Fman
SF: Detected n25q64 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 8 MiB
Fman1: Uploading microcode version 106.4.17
FM1@DTSEC4 [PRIME]
SF: Detected n25q64 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 8 MiB
Press CTRL-C to stop booting: (3 seconds to boot)
Password:

There are two ways to reset the admin password. In the first case, the configuration is reset to factory default. In the
second case, the configuration is kept and only the admin password is reset to the default value.

2.2.1 Configuration reset

After acessing U-Boot, insert the commands below. The equipment will boot with the factory configuration and the admin
user default password.

setenv load-factory-config 1
save
boot

2.2.2 Admin user password reset

After acessing U-Boot, insert the commands below. The equipment will boot without changes in the configuration, but
with the admin user default password.

setenv reset-admin-password 1
save
boot

2.3 Licenses Configuration

A license is required for some equipment operations. To check which licenses your equipment support, use the show
license command. To get the license contact the DATACOM Support team informing the serial number and the MAC
address of the equipment. These informations can be obtained in the show inventory command as below:

show inventory
...
Chassis/Slot : 1/1
Product model : 24GX+4XS+2QX
Part number : 800.5184.01
Serial number : 4461034
Product revision : 1
PCB revision : 1
Hardware version : 0
Manufacture date : 01/08/2018
Manufacture hour : 12:00:00
Operat. temp. : 0 - 55 Celsius degrees
Base MAC address : 00:04:df:5c:0c:77
...

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2.3.1 Enabling MPLS license

The next steps will demonstrate how to activate the MPLS license.

config
license mpls enabled key
(<string>): *********************
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying License.

2.3.2 Enabling 100 Gigabit ports license

The next steps will demonstrate how to activate the 100 Gigabit Ports license for all available ports or for a specific number
of ports.

config
license speed-100g-ports enabled key
(<string>): *********************
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying License.

2.3.3 Verifying Licensing

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show license
Feature Status Number of Licenses
---------- ---------- ------------------
mpls enabled N/A
speed-100g-ports enabled 6

2.4 Product Model Configuration

DmOS supports Product Model Configuration to change port configuration if supported by equipment. To check if
equipment supports this feature use the card-model command.

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Changing the Product Model will reboot the equipment and return to factory configuration.

This feature is only supported in DM4270 24XS and the default card-model is 24XS+2CX.

2.4.1 DM4270 24XS Product Model Configuration

Product Model Supported Configuration

24XS+2CX 24 ten-gigabit-ethernet + 2 hundred-gigabit-ethernet

24 ten-gigabit-ethernet + 2 forty-gigabit-ethernet +
24XS+2QX+1CX
1 hundred-gigabit-ethernet

24XS+4QX 24 ten-gigabit-ethernet + 4 forty-gigabit-ethernet

DmOS has the below port mapping:

• 24XS+2CX: DmOS use the hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1 and hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/2 for 100 Gigabit ports.

• 24XS+2QX+1CX: DmOS use the hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1 for 100 Gigabit port, hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/2
and forty-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/2 for 40 Gigabit ports.

• 24XS+4QX: DmOS use the hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1, hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/2, forty-gigabit-ethernet

1/1/1 and forty-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/2 for 40 Gigabit ports.

Example:

DmOS# card-model 24XS+2QX+1CX

Warning: The system will automatically reboot and load the factory configuration. Once initiated,
this process cannot be interrupted.
Proceed with this action? [yes,NO]

2.5 Forwarding Resources Configuration

DmOS supports forwarding resources configuration to define a usage profile to extend MAC table or extend routing table
supported by the equipment.

To check if equipment supports this feature use the forwarding-resources profile command.

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This feature is supported only in DM4270, DM4775 and DM4380.

User can choose between three forwarding resources profiles.

• default: Default profile configured on each platform.

• extended-ip: Profile used for increased routing table.

• extended-mac: Profile used for increased MAC address table.

In the example below it is possible to check the three types of profiles available for the DM4270 platform.

DM4270# forwarding-resources profile

Possible completions:
default 128000 L2 MAC / 128000 IPv4 / 32000 IPv6/64 / 4000 IPv6/128
extended-ip 32000 L2 MAC / 168000 IPv4 / 42000 IPv6/64 / 10000 IPv6/128
extended-mac 288000 L2 MAC / 16000 IPv4 / 4000 IPv6/64 / 1000 IPv6/128

Below the procedure to configure the profile:

It is necessary to restart the equipment after performing this configuration.

DM4270# forwarding-resources profile extended-mac

This change will take effect on next reboot.
DM4270# reboot

To check the applied profile:

DM4270# show forwarding-resources

Profile Name MAC IPv4 IPv6/64 IPv6/128 Running Startup
-------------------------------------------------------------------
default 128000 128000 32000 4000 false false
extended-ip 32000 168000 42000 10000 false false
extended-mac 288000 16000 4000 1000 true true

The table displays in the Running column the flag true. The Startup column displays the true flag to inform which setting
will be active after the next reboot.

Internally, the selection of profiles manages the allocation of the UFT (Unified Forwarding Table), which shares Hardware
resources for MACs, IPv4, IPv6/64 and IPv6/128. It is necessary to know its basics in order to understand how the values
assigned to each profile relate to each other and how the indicated limits can be reached.

The partition reserved for MACs is fixed for each profile, and it is able to be filled completely without changing the other
capacities.

There are also two partitions for allocating IP addresses:

• ip-a partition: Stores IPv4 and IPv6/64 addresses

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• Supports to be filled with the maximum capacity for IPv4 routes or the maximum capacity for IPv6/64.
A combination of the two can also be established, but it is not possible to achieve the maximum limits
simultaneously. IPv6/64 addresses occupy twice the space of an IPv4 address. In some products, when this
partition gets full, the ip-b partition will store IPv4 or IPv6/64 addresses, thereby reducing IPv6/128 capacity.

• ip-b partition: Stores IPv6/128 addresses

• Always reaches the maximum capacity indicated in the profile. However, in products where this partition can
share IPv4 or IPv6/64 addresses, the limit may not be available if the restrictions depicted for the ip-a partition
are not respected.

2.6 Management Configuration

It is possible to set the out-of-band management to maintain the access to the equipment even when the data network is
deactivated. If the user is connected by the MGMT interface, the session will be disconnected after confirmation. To
continue the config of the equipment using the MGMT interface, the user should set an IP address in its PC within the
same network or connect using the console.

It is possible to set the equipment management using IPv4 or IPv6 address.

It is possible to set the equipment management with a VRF mgmt. In this application, only basic services
such as SSH, Telnet, Local authentication and firmware updates are supported. See how to set the VRF to
proceed with this config.

2.6.1 Configuring Out-of-Band Management

The topology below indicates an example of how to manage the equipment using the MGMT interface.

Example of Out-of-Band Management

Considering that the user would like to use the Interface MGMT Interface with the
172.24.22.1/24 IPv4 address and with the 172.24.22.254/24 as standard gateway. The procedure below shall indicate
how to execute this config as from the config mode:

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config
interface mgmt 1/1/1
ipv4 address 172.24.22.1/24
!
!
router static
address-family ipv4
0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 172.24.22.254
commit

2.6.2 Configuring In-Band Management

It is possible to set the In-band management to manage the equipment through an interface also used by the data traffic in
the network.

It is possible to set the equipment management using IPv4 or IPv6 address.

It is possible to set the equipment management using secondary IPv4 address. Secondary IPv6 address is
not supported.

The diagram below shows an example of how to manage the equipment using an In-Band interface.

Example of In-Band Management

Considering that the user would like to use a VLAN 10 for In-Band management through the gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
interface with 172.24.22.1/24 IPv4 address and 172.24.22.254 as standard gateway. The procedure below shall indicate
how to carry out this config:

config
dotq1 vlan 10
name In_Band-Management
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
interface l3 in-band
ipv4 address 172.24.22.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
router static
address-family ipv4
0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 172.24.22.254
commit

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2.7 CLI Access Configuration

The SSH (Secure Shell) and Telnet are protocols used to provide access to the equipment terminal. For security purposes,
the DmOS default configuration is the enabled SSH server protocol and the Telnet server deactivated.

The DmOS supports the SSHv2 with encryption of RSA (Rivest, Shamir and Adelman) public key and DAS
(Digital System Algorithm).

2.7.1 Generating SSH Keys

The next steps will indicate how to generate the RSA key.

ssh-server generate-key rsa size <1024-2048>

Really want to do this? [yes,no] yes
Generated keys

2.7.2 Enabling SSH Legacy Support

For security purposes, the SSH clients executing the OpenSSH with versions above version 7.0 are supported. To obtain the
compatibility with previous versions, the user should execute the following procedure.

config
ssh-server legacy-support

2.7.3 Configuring Maximum Connections of SSH and Telnet

By default, 8 SSH connections and 8 Telnet connections with maximum of 16 connections for each protocol are supported.
To change the maximum number of connections to value 10, the user should execute the following procedure.

config
ssh-server max-connections 10
telnet-server max-connections 10
commit

2.7.4 Enabling Telnet Service

For security, Telnet server is deactivated. If the user would like to activate the Telnet service, it should execute the following
procedure:

config
telnet-server enabled
commit

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2.8 Hostname Configuration

2.8.1 Configuring Hostname

Considering that the user would like to use the DATACOM-ROUTER-R1 name to identify the equipment. The procedure
below shall indicate how to carry out this config:

config
hostname DATACOM-ROUTER-R1
commit

2.9 Banner Configuration

The login banner is displayed after the login.

2.9.1 Configuring Banner in Single Line

It can be configured in a one line command, as shown below.

config
banner login "\nRestricted Access\n"
commit

The "\" is a scape character. To display a "\", it should be entered "\\"

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Banner.

2.9.2 Configuring Banner in Multiple Line

It is also possible to configure it in multiple lines.

config
banner login
(<Hit <cr> to enter in multi-line mode. Alternatively, enter a text between
double quotes. Remember to insert a line break at the end. See command
reference for examples. Maximum length of 3240 characters.>)
(\nRestricted Access\n):
[Multiline mode, exit with ctrl-D.]
>
> Restricted Access
>
> <CTRL-D>
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Banner.

2.9.3 Verifying Banner

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show banner login

2.10 System Clock and Date Configuration

2.10.1 Configuring System Clock

The config below adjusts the system’s clock in a forced manner, this means, without any synchronization. The clock and
date config is important to visualize logs and events in equipment.

It is recommended to use a centralized synchronization through the SNTP protocol.

Considering that the user would like to set the date to January 20, 2017 and the time to 10 o’clock, 5 minutes and 30
seconds. The procedure below shall indicate how to carry out this config:

set system clock 20170120 10:05:30

2.10.2 Configuring Timezone

Considering that the user would like to set the timezone to -3.

config
clock timezone BRA -3
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Clock.

2.10.3 Verifying Clock

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show system clock

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3 Network Management
DmOS offers some tools and protocols for network management.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• LLDP Configuration

• SNTP Configuration

• Syslog Configuration

• SNMP Configuration

• Ping

• Traceroute

• SSH Client

• Telnet Client

3.1 LLDP Configuration

The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is used to announce interface and management information to directly connected
neighbors.

3.1.1 Configuring LLDP between two Neighbors

The configuration below shows how to enable LLDP in interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1.

lldp
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
admin-status tx-and-rx
notification
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying LLDP.

3.1.2 Verifying LLDP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

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show lldp brief

show lldp statistics
show lldp local
debug enable proto-lldp

3.2 SNTP Configuration

The SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) is a simplified version of the NTP (Network Time Protocol) which s used to
synchronize the system’s clock with a server. This config is important to visualize logs and events in the equipment.

3.2.1 Configuring SNTP

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the SNTP.

Example of SNTP config

Considering that the user would like to set the equipment as SNTP customer and use the SNTP server that has the
172.24.22.201 IPv4 address. The procedure below shall indicate how to carry out this config:

config
sntp client
sntp server 172.24.22.201
commit

It is possible to bind the SNTP client to a l3 interface to allow SNTP to work in user VRFs. The following configuration binds
SNTP server to interface CUST-A-VLAN20, which is assigned to VRF cust-a. SNTP client requests will be sent in that VRF
using the specified l3 interface IP address as source.

config
sntp source interface l3-VRF-CUST-A
sntp client
sntp server 192.168.10.200
!
vrf cust-a
!
interface l3 CUST-A-VLAN20
vrf cust-a
lower-layer-if vlan 20
address 192.168.20.1/24
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying SNTP.

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3.2.2 Configuring SNTP with Authentication

It is also possible to set the MD5 authentication with the SNTP server. The procedure below shall indicate how to proceed
with this config:

config
sntp authenticate
sntp client
sntp authentication-key 1 md5 "SERVER-KEY"
sntp server 172.24.22.201 key 1
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying SNTP.

3.2.3 Verifying SNTP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show sntp

3.3 Syslog Configuration

According to RFC5424, the Syslog protocol is used to transport event notification messages. The syslog is used by network
devices to send event messages to an external server usually called Syslog Server. For example, if an Ethernet interface is
deactivated, a message will be sent to the external server set to alert this change. This config is important to visualize the
logs and events of the equipment in the network in a centralized manner.

3.3.1 Configuring Remote Syslog

The scenario below will be used to illustrate config of the Remote Syslog server.

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Example of Remote Syslog config

Considering that the user would like to use a remote syslog server that has the IPv4 10.1.100.7 address. The procedure
below shall indicate how to perform this configuration:

config
log syslog 10.1.100.7
commit

It is possible to use Syslog in VRFs. The following configuration binds Syslog server 10.1.100.7 to client VRF vrf_client_a.

config
log syslog 10.1.100.7 vrf vrf_client_a
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Syslog.

3.3.2 Verifying Syslog

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show log

3.4 SNMP Configuration

SNMP is a protocol that helps the network administrators to manage the network devices and troubleshoot network
problems. The network management system is based on two main elements: a manager and agents. The SNMP protocol
has three versions:

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Version Description

Original version of the SNMP, strings of communities sent in simple text with
SNMPv1
weak security.

Version developed to correct some problems of v1. However, several versions

were developed, not truly approaching the problems with v1. The v2c version is
SNMPv2c the mostly used version and improved handling of protocols as compared to
version v1, resulting in operations slightly enhanced. However, security is still a
problem because it uses strings of community in simple text.

Most recent version of the SNMP, supporting security and SHA authentication
SNMPv3
and full MD5. Should be used, if possible, specifically in non reliable networks.

By default, DmOS has in the factory configuration several commands necessary to use SNMP. The topics below will
demonstrate how to enable the features required for some of the scenarios served with SNMP in DmOS.

3.4.1 Configuring SNMPv2

The scenario below will be used to demonstrate the SNMP settings.

Example of SNMP scenario

The configuration below shows how to enable the SNMPv2 agent to respond to requests. The datacom community will be
used to request the agent.

config
snmp agent enabled
snmp agent version v2c
snmp community datacom
sec-name datacom
!
snmp vacm group datacom
member datacom
sec-model [ v2c ]
!
access v2c no-auth-no-priv
read-view root
write-view root
!
!
snmp vacm view root
subtree 1.3
included
!
!
commit

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After applying the above configuration, the agent will respond to SNMPv2 requests through the community datacom.

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying SNMP.

3.4.2 Configuring SNMPv3

To enable the SNMPv3 agent to respond to requests securely via user dmview with authentication password and privacy
password using the encryption mode below:

• SHA authentication with password dmview123-sha.

• AES password privacy dmview123-aes.

Proceed in the following manner:

config
snmp agent enabled
snmp agent version v3
!
snmp vacm group VACM-SNMPv3
member dmview
sec-model [ usm ]
!
access usm auth-priv
read-view root
write-view root
!
!
snmp vacm view root
subtree 1.3
included
!
!
snmp usm local user dmview
auth sha password "dmview123-sha"
priv aes password "dmview123-aes"
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying SNMP.

3.4.3 Configuring the sending of SNMP notifications

It is possible to configure SNMP to send notification messages about events occurred in the system. These messages can
be of two types:

• Traps: Messages are sent but do not receive confirmation.

• Informs: Messages are sent and receive confirmation.

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Traps

For the equipment to send traps to server 172.22.1.152, the configuration below can be used.

config
!
snmp notify std_v2_trap
tag std_v2_trap
type trap
!
snmp target SNMP-Trap-Server
ip 172.22.1.252
tag [ std_v2_trap ]
v2c sec-name public
!
commit

The SNMP target can also be assigned to a VRF.

config
snmp target SNMP-Trap-Server
vrf myvrf
ip 172.22.1.252
tag [ std_v2_trap ]
v2c sec-name public
!
commit

Informs

For the equipment to send informs to SNMPv2 server, the configuration below can be used.

config
!
snmp notify std_v2_inform
tag std_v2_inform
type inform
!
snmp target SNMP-Notify-Server
ip 172.22.1.252
tag [ std_v2_inform ]
v2c sec-name public
!
commit

For the equipment to send informs to SNMPv3 server, the configuration below can be used.

config
!
snmp notify std_v3_inform
tag std_v3_inform
type inform
!
snmp target SNMP-Notify-Server
ip 172.22.1.252
tag [ std_v3_inform ]
engine-id 12:34:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
usm user-name dmview
usm sec-level auth-priv
!
snmp usm remote 12:34:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
user dmview
auth sha password "dmview123-sha"
priv aes password "dmview123-aes"
!
commit

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In order for the SNMPv3 server to receive notifications, it is necessary to have the name of user and
engineID configured in the server database. Otherwise the server will reject notification messages.

The SNMP target can also be assigned to a VRF.

config
snmp target SNMP-Trap-Server
vrf myvrf
ip 172.22.1.252
tag [ std_v3_inform ]
engine-id 12:34:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00
usm user-name dmview
usm sec-level auth-priv
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying SNMP.

3.4.4 Configuring SNMP parameters

This topic will demonstrate how to configure or change parameters that are optional for the user, such as:

• SNMP agent version.

• SNMP agent IP address.

• SNMP agent interface.

• SNMP community.

• System information for MIB-2 System.

• Users.

• Access control.

Changing the agent version

In default SNMP configuration, the agent in versions v2 and v3 are already configured. If the user wants to change the
agent configuration, removing the v3 agent, for example, the configuration below must be applied.

config
no snmp agent version v3
commit

From that moment on, SNMPv3 queries will no longer be answered by the agent.

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Specifying the source IP of the SNMP agent

It is possible to specify which IPv4 or IPV6 address the SNMP agent will use as source address by configuring agent ip.

The source IP address used must be configured on the device.

config
snmp agent ip <IP>
commit

Specifying the SNMP agent interface

It is possible to specify in which L3 interfaces SNMP should receive requests through the listen interface configuration. By
doing that, it is possible to use SNMP in VRFs.

config
snmp agent listen interface <l3-myintf1>
snmp agent listen interface <l3-myintf2>
commit

Configuring community

In the standard SNMP configuration, the public community is already configured with permission from read, write and
notification for SNMPv2.For security reasons it is recommended change the default community. If the user wishes to
remove or add a new community, the following steps will demonstrate how to perform these operations.

Removing the default community 9public):

config
no snmp community public
no snmp vacm group public
commit

Configuring a community datacom-ro with read-only permission:

config
snmp community datacom-ro
sec-name datacom-ro
!
snmp vacm group datacom-ro
member datacom-ro
sec-model [ v2c ]
!
access v2c no-auth-no-priv
read-view root
!
commit

Configuring a community datacom-rw with read and write permission:

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config
snmp community datacom-rw
sec-name datacom-rw
!
snmp vacm group datacom-rw
member datacom-rw
sec-model [ v2c ]
!
access v2c no-auth-no-priv
read-view root
write-view root
!
commit

Configuring system information

Some system information can be configured to be reported through the SNMP agent using the MIB-2 System. If the user
wishes to include contact and location information, for example, the configuration below must be applied:

config
snmp system contact [email protected]
snmp system location Eldorado-RS
commit

From that moment on, the MIB-2 System sysContact and sysLocation objects will return the configured information.

Configuring users

When an SNMPv3 agent is used, it is necessary to configure the users who will respond to requests. To configure the user
datacom with authentication and privacy, the setting below should apply:

config
snmp usm local user datacom
auth sha password "datacom-sha"
priv aes password "datacom-aes"
commit

Configuring access control

In the standard SNMP configuration, the access control group snmp vacm view root allows all objects (OIDs) from the
local base to respond from branch 1.3 of the MIB. If the user wants to create a new access level to allow queries from
branch 1.3.6.1.4.1 (private enterprises) for example, the configuration below must be applied:

config
snmp vacm view ENTERPRISE
subtree 1.3.6.1.4.1
included
commit

From that moment on, the ENTERPRISE view can be applied to the access group.

config
snmp vacm group datacom
member datacom
sec-model [ v2c ]
!
access v2c no-auth-no-priv
read-view ENTERPRISE

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!
!
snmp vacm view ENTERPRISE
subtree 1.3.6.1.4.1
included
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying SNMP.

3.4.5 Verifying SNMP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show running-config snmp

3.5 Ping

The ping command is a common method to check the connectivity of the equipment with the other equipment or to test a
specific protocol.

The user should use the keyword do before the command if it is in the config mode.

To execute a ping with IPv4 address, follow the procedure below:

ping 5.178.41.1
PING 5.178.41.1 (5.178.41.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 5.178.41.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=2.15 ms
64 bytes from 5.178.41.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=2.06 ms
64 bytes from 5.178.41.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=2.12 ms
64 bytes from 5.178.41.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=2.27 ms
64 bytes from 5.178.41.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=2.07 ms
--- 5.178.41.1 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.065/2.139/2.272/0.074 ms

To execute a ping with IPv6 address, follow the procedure below:

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ping6 2002:c0a8:fe05::6
PING 2002:c0a8:fe05::6(2002:c0a8:fe05::6) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 2002:c0a8:fe05::6: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=7.94 ms
64 bytes from 2002:c0a8:fe05::6: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=4.66 ms
64 bytes from 2002:c0a8:fe05::6: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=5.05 ms
64 bytes from 2002:c0a8:fe05::6: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=5.00 ms
64 bytes from 2002:c0a8:fe05::6: icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 time=6.84 ms
--- 2002:c0a8:fe05::6 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.664/5.903/7.948/1.274 ms

Using the source parameter, it is possible to specify the ICMP packets source IP address. It is also possible to specify a
source interface.

To run ping in a VRF (IPv4 only), the vrf parameter can be used or an interface assigned to the VRF can be specified in the
source parameter.

3.6 Traceroute

The traceroute command is a method to execute the network diagnosis informing the hop-by-hop connectivity through
which the pack is passing until the final destination.

The user should use the keyword do before the command if it is in the config mode.

To execute a traceroute with IPv4 address, follow the procedure below:

traceroute 5.178.41.1
traceroute to 5.178.41.1 (5.178.41.1), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets
1 192.168.48.3 (192.168.48.3) 2.029 ms 4.345 ms 1.751 ms
2 192.168.48.1 (192.168.48.1) 2.842 ms 2.488 ms 3.226 ms
3 192.168.254.22 (192.168.254.22) 3.582 ms 3.403 ms 3.622 ms
4 192.168.84.22 (192.168.84.22) 2.306 ms 1.802 ms 2.264 ms
5 5.178.41.1 (5.178.41.1) 2.219 ms 1.651 ms 54.376 ms

The source address used by the traceroute command can be specified by the source command.

The traceroute command can be execute in VRFs specifying the VRF through the vrf parameter.

To execute a traceroute with IPv6 address, follow the procedure below:

traceroute6 2002:c0a8:fe05::6
traceroute to 2002:c0a8:fe05::6 (2002:c0a8:fe05::6) from 1997::c0a8:3002,
30 hops max, 16 byte packets
1 1997::c0a8:3001 (1997::c0a8:3001) 13.877 ms 2.298 ms 2.249 ms
2 2001::c0a8:3001 (2001::c0a8:3001) 3.64 ms 2.969 ms 2.869 ms
3 2002:c0a8:fe05::6 (2002:c0a8:fe05::6) 4.444 ms 3.624 ms 5.787 ms

3.7 SSH Client

It is possible to access other equipment using SSH protocol as from an equipment with DmOS.

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The user should use the keyword do before the command if it is in the config mode.

To access an equipment with IPv4 192.168.1.254 address through the SSH, the user should use the command below,
specifying the user to be authenticated, in this example, the admin user:

ssh [email protected]

3.8 Telnet Client

It is possible to access other equipment using Telnet protocol as from an equipment with DmOS.

The user should use the keyword do before the command if it is in the config mode.

To access an equipment with IPv4 192.168.1.254 address through the TELNET the user should use the command
mentioned below:
telnet 192.168.1.254

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4 OAM
This chapter shows a group of Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) functionalities that provide indication of
network failure, fault location, performance information, data functions and diagnostic. It contains the following sections:

• CFM Configuration

• EFM Configuration

• RDM Configuration

• TWAMP Configuration

• sFlow Configuration

• Traffic Loop Configuration

• Task scheduling configuration

• User Defined Counters Configuration

4.1 CFM Configuration

The CFM (Connectivity Fault Management) protocol is defined in the IEEE 802.1ag standard and provides an assurance of
end-to-end full path, point-to-point or in a LAN made up by several equipment. In the CFM, network entities formed
by network operators, service providers and end clients are part of different network domains managed by different
individuals. In the CFM, the domains are the MD (Maintenance Domain) that have levels that in turn have one or more MAs
(Maintenance Association) that are responsible for protection of a list of VLANs where the MEP will communicate. The MEPs
(Maintenance End Point) are active entities responsible for sending of CFM PDUs.

DmOS does not support MIPs.

4.1.1 Configuring CFM

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of CFM between Customer and Service Provider.

Implementation of the CFM

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: VLAN 2000 for the CFM with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as MEP 1 – Down in level 6.

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• Equipment B: VLAN 2000 for CFM with gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface as MEP 1 – Up in level 4 and the ten-gigabit-
ethernet-1/1/1 interface as Uplink of VLAN 2000.

• Equipment C: VLAN 2000 for CFM with gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface as MEP 2 – Up in level 4 and the ten-gigabit-
ethernet-1/1/1 interface as Uplink of VLAN 2000.

• Equipment D: VLAN 2000 for the CFM with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as MEP 2 – Down in level 6.

• All MEPs enable fault alarm notification for all errors.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 2
mep 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
direction down
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md ServiceProvider
level 4
ma ServiceProvider
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 2
mep 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
direction up
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md ServiceProvider
level 4
ma ServiceProvider
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 1
mep 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2

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direction up
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 1
mep 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
direction down
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying CFM.

4.1.2 Configuring CFM with QinQ

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of CFM between Customer and Service Provider with QinQ to
support some clients in Service VLAN.

Implementation of the CFM

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: VLAN 2000 for the CFM with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as MEP 1 – Down in level 6.

• Equipment B: QinQ in VLAN 3000 for CFM with gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface as MEP 1 – Up in level 4 and the
ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as Uplink of VLAN 3000.

• Equipment C: QinQ in VLAN 3000 for CFM with gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface as MEP 2 – Up in level 4 and the
ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as Uplink of VLAN 3000.

• Equipment D: VLAN 2000 for the CFM with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as MEP 2 – Down in level 6.

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• All MEPs enable fault alarm notification for all errors.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 2
mep 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
direction down
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 3000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 3000
!
qinq
!
!
oam
cfm
md ServiceProvider
level 4
ma ServiceProvider
primary-vlan-id 3000
vlan-list 3000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 2
mep 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
direction up
primary-vlan-id 3000
inner-vlan-id 2000
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 3000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 3000
!
qinq
!
!
oam
cfm
md ServiceProvider
level 4
ma ServiceProvider
primary-vlan-id 3000
vlan-list 3000

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ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 1
mep 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
direction up
primary-vlan-id 3000
inner-vlan-id 2000
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 1
mep 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
direction down
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying CFM.

4.1.3 Enabling Alarm Indication Signal (ETH-AIS)

The Ethernet Alarm Indication Signal ETH-AIS has been proposed by ITU-Y.1731 to avoid flagging the same fault repeatedly
in a scenario with more than one domain when the internal domain fails.

For AIS messages to be issued, the configuration must be enabled in the MA. AIS messages will be sent to the domain with
a level immediately above yours, that is, an external domain.

When transmission is enabled, AIS frames are transmitted when a fault is detected, regardless of any alarm configuration
and report. When AIS alarm suppression is enabled, alarms are not reported if AIS frames are received.

AIS reception takes the alarm-suppression parameter only.

Below is an example configuration for transmitting and receiving AIS for a particular MA.
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client

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primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
ais
transmission
level 7
interval 1min
!
reception
alarm-suppression
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying CFM.

4.1.4 Enabling Action Block

CFM supports interface blocking configuration with MEPs that are on failure. When the interfaces are in the blocking
state, the layer 2 protocols (RSTP, EAPS, ERPS, LLDP) are signalized and changed to failure status. This feature helps the
convergence of protocols. Scenarios in which the equipment are directly connected are supported.

The feature is only suportted in MEP Down.

LACP, Link-flap, and loopback-detection are not triggered by CFM.

All MEPs should support action block so that the interface is not blocked in only one of the equipement.

The figure illustrates the point where the topology block occurs if the blocking action is configured the MEP interface.

Scenario with CFM action block

The configuration of equipment A and D with blocking action in MEP is shown below.

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!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 2
mep 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
direction down
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
fault-action block-port
commit

!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md Client
level 6
ma Client
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 1
mep 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
direction down
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
fault-action block-port
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying CFM.

4.1.5 Enabling Action Shutdown

CFM supports the shutdown configuration of the interfaces when the MEPs on failure. When the interfaces are in the
shutdown state, the other protocols configured on this interface are signaled by changing to failure status.

The feature is only suportted in MEP Up.

The figure illustrates the point where shutdown occurs in the topology if the shutdown action is configured in the MEP
interface.

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Scenario with CFM action shutdown

The configuration of equipment B and C with shutdown action in MEP is shown below.

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md ServiceProvider
level 4
ma ServiceProvider
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 2
mep 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
direction up
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
fault-action shutdown-port
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
oam
cfm
md ServiceProvider
level 4
ma ServiceProvider
primary-vlan-id 2000
vlan-list 2000
ccm-interval 1s
remote-meps 1
mep 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
direction up
continuity-check
cci-enabled
lowest-fault-priority-defect remote-rdi
fault-action shutdown-port
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying CFM.

4.1.6 Fault management

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying CFM.

Continuity Check Protocol

The CFM Continuity Check Protocol is used to fault detection, notification and recovery. Below are the commands to check
the communication exchanged between MEPs.

Loopback Protocol

The CFM Loopback Protocol is similar to Ping, but it is in Ethernet layer, being possible to check faults between MEPs.

oam cfm loopback md <md_name> ma <ma_name> mep <local_mep_id> remote-mep <remote_mep_id>

LinkTrace Protocol

The CFM LinkTrace Protocol is similar to Traceroute, but it is in Ethernet layer, being possible discover the path and isolate
faults.
oam cfm linktrace md <md_name> ma <ma_name> mep <local_mep_id> remote-mep <remote_mep_id>

4.1.7 Verifying CFM

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

If some Ethernet interface is blocked by CFM, the CFM acronym will appear in the field Blocked by of show
interface link command.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show interface link

show oam cfm
show oam cfm brief
show oam cfm detail
show oam cfm local
show oam cfm remote
show oam cfm statistics
show alarm
debug enable cfm-ais-rx
debug enable cfm-ais-tx
debug enable cfm-discard

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debug enable cfm-loopback

debug enable cfm-linktrace

4.2 EFM Configuration

EFM (Ethernet in the First Mile) is an OAM (Operations, Administration and Maintenance) protocol defined in the IEEE
802.3ah standard for link monitoring, blocking the interface when communication is lost.

4.2.1 Enabling EFM

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of EFM link monitoring between equipment A and equipment B.

EFM Configuration

config
oam
efm
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for Troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying EFM.

4.2.2 Verifying EFM

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

If some Ethernet interface is blocked by EFM, the EFM acronym will appear in the field Blocked by of show
interface link command.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

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show interface link

show oam efm
show oam efm interface <interface>
debug enable proto-efm

4.3 RDM Configuration

The RDM (Remote Devices Management) protocol is a Datacom proprietary protocol. The purpose of this feature is to
provide a means of managing remote equipment from the DmOS line. In the remainder of this chapter, the DM4000 line
equipment will be referenced generically by intermediate equipment, or simply IE.

The RDM solution architecture has the following logical components:

• Master/slave devices: Remote management is possible only when one of the devices is a master and the other is a
slave. The IE is the master device, the remote is the slave device.

• Communication between IE and remote: IE has an exclusive VLAN for remote management. This VLAN includes
only those ports where a remote is connected; adding ports to this VLAN can be done only dynamically, as remotes
are detected. This Remote Management VLAN has an IP of the A.B.255.254/16 network, with A and B configurable in
the CLI by the user. Each remote device has an IP of this same network in a VLAN (the remote connected to port P of
unit U would have the IP A.B.U.P). In this way, there is an IP communication channel between the IE and the remote.
It is worth remembering that the addresses of the A.B.0.0/16 network are not visible externally to the IE, since the
remote’s VLAN has members only ports on which there are remote ones connected.

Remote management is always done by the master’s IP, that is, access to the remote U/P port is done by the master’s
management IP using an alternative port, which can be consulted in the master’s CLI.

DmOS is not supported to act as a master device in this release.

4.3.1 Configuring RDM as a slave

In the DmOS factory default, RDM is enabled on all ports on devices that support the protocol. If the device is not configured
to the factory default configuration, it may be necessary to enable RDM on the interface connected to the master (IE).

The scenario below considers that the IE is already configured to operate as a master RDM.

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RDM Scenario

Suppose the user wants to enable RDM to act as a remote device to be managed by a central device on the network. The
following procedure will show how to perform this configuration:

The EFM protocol must be enabled for RDM to work.

config
remote-devices interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
oam efm interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 mode passive
commit

After enabling the above settings, the device will be automatically configured, creating the VLAN for management and a
static route to the master device.

From that moment on, the slave device can be accessed via the master device or through one of the services configured on
the master such as Telnet, SSH or Netconf, for example.

To use the SSH (22) and Netconf (830) protocols on the slave, it is necessary to enable the services on the master device.

Contact DATACOM Technical Support to check the documentation available for configuring the master
device.

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying RDM.

4.3.2 Verifying RDM

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

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For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

debug enable remote-devices

show log component rdm_proto
show remote-devices
show running-config dot1q
show running-config router static

4.4 Traffic Loop Configuration

4.4.1 Configuring Traffic Loop for L2 Traffic Validation

The DmOS lets you loop L2 flows to meet RFC 2544 tests or other traffic testing to validate circuit delivery to the client. The
following is an example of Feature Configuration.

Traffic loop scenario

Suppose the user wants to loop traffic using the VLAN 400 with gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as uplink interface. The
configured MAC addresses must respect the configured data stream on the generator.

To avoid the risk of loss of access to equipment management, it is recommended to use the Traffic Loop
functionality in the exclusive management mode.

config exclusive
dot1q
vlan 400
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
traffic-loop 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
source-mac-address 00:00:00:00:00:01
destination-mac-address 00:00:00:00:00:02
vlan 400
!

The user must use the commit confirmed command to save and apply the configuration. In the example below the
commit will temporarily apply the configuration for 10 minutes. The user can change the commit time if necessary.

commit confirmed 10

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There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

4.5 TWAMP Configuration

The Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol (TWAMP) measures network performance parameters such as latency, latency
variation (jitter), and packet loss. The implementation of the TWAMP server is based on the specifications described in RFC
5357.

The TWAMP server solution architecture defines the following logical components:

• Session Reflector: Adds information to the received test packets and sends them back.

• Server: Manages multiple TWAMP sessions.

The TWAMP client solution architecture defines the following logical components:

• Session Sender: Creates and sends TWAMP test packets to the Session Reflector.

• Control Client: Sends requests to the TWAMP server to establish new sessions.

TWAMP Architecture

Authentication/Encryption is not supported

TWAMP listens to the port 862 by default, but that port can be changed.

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4.5.1 Configuring a TWAMP session

The scenario below will be used to demonstrate the TWAMP configuration.

TWAMP Scenario

Suppose the user wants to configure a TWAMP session through of port 4000 to monitoring IPv4 and IPv6 services.

• Reflector: IPv4: 192.168.80.25 and IPv6: target-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::2

• Sender: IPv4: 192.168.80.26 and IPv6: target-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::1

The following procedure will show you how to perform this configuration:

!Equipment REFLECTOR - SITE A

config
oam twamp reflector port 4000
commit

!Equipment SENDER- SITE B

config
oam
twamp
sender connection 1
server-port 4000
ipv4 source-address 192.168.80.26
!
ipv4 target-address 192.168.80.25
!
test-session 1
ipv4 source-address 192.168.80.26
!
ipv4 target-address 192.168.80.25
!
!
!
sender connection 2
server-port 4000
ipv6 source-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::1
!
ipv6 target-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::2
!
test-session 2
ipv6 source-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::1
!
ipv6 target-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::2
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying TWAMP.

4.5.2 Configuring ACLs in TWAMP Reflector

It is possible to restrict which clients can communicate with the reflector. The configuration below restricts access to
network 10.1.15.0/24, IPv4 address 192.168.80.26 and IPv6 address 2001:c0a8:ff23::1 only.

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If the user does not specify an IP address on TWAMP Reflector, all addresses will be accepted.

config
oam
twamp
reflector
ipv4
client-address 192.168.80.26
!
client-network 10.1.15.0/24
!
ipv6
client-address 2001:c0a8:ff23::1
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying TWAMP.

4.5.3 Configuring TWAMP in VRF

It is also possible to configure TWAMP (Reflector/Sender) on VRF.

Below the configuration of TWAMP Reflector in VRF TWAMP. For VRF configuration, see topic VRF Configuration.

config
oam
twamp
reflector
vrf TWAMP
commit

DmOS supports only one instance of TWAMP Reflector on device. TWAMP Reflector does not support
configuring more than one instance, even on separate VRFs.

Below the configuration of TWAMP Sender in VRF TWAMP. For VRF configuration, see topic VRF Configuration.

config
oam
twamp
sender connection 1
vrf TWAMP

4.5.4 Calculating the maximum number os session in TWAMP Reflector

TWAMP Reflector supports a maximum number of simultaneous test sessions. Test sessions above this limite are rejected
and the TWAMP Sender will perform retries until the session is established.

To determine the maxium number of non simultaneous sessions supported by the reflector, the following formula can be
used: simultaneous test-sessions x (interval between tests / test duration).

As example, for a maximum number of simultaneous sessions of 8, using the value of test duration of 20s and the default
value of interval between tests of 300s, the maximum theoretical number of non simultanous test sessions is 8 x (300/20) =

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120.

The Product Datasheet should be consulted to obtain the values of maximum simultaneous sessions for
each platform.

4.5.5 Verifying TWAMP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show oam twamp reflector

show oam twamp reflector connection brief
show oam twamp reflector connection detail
show oam twamp reflector test-session brief
show oam twamp reflector test-session detail
show oam twamp sender connection all brief
show oam twamp sender connection all test-session
show oam twamp sender connection all test-session-statistics
debug enable proto-twamp

4.6 sFLOW Configuration

The sFlow is a technology for monitoring data that travels on the network. A great advantage of sFlow is forward not all
collected traffic to the sFlow collector, instead sFlow only forwards traffic samples to the collector at a configurable rate,
reducing the computational load.

For sFlow operation, two components are required:

• sFlow Agent: Function assigned to switches, routers, access points that samples transmitted and/or received
packets and forward them to a sFlow collector.

• sFlow Collector: Function assigned to analyze the information received from each sFlow Agent.

Having as sampling technique:

• Flow Sampling:Based on the packet sample, used to obtain information from the package contents such as
protocols and etc.

• Counter sampling: Based on the time sample, used to obtain statistics of interfaces.

Only Flow Sampling is supported.

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Only one sFlow collector is allowed.

In the egress traffic only unicast packages will be sampled.

4.6.1 Configuring sFLOW

Suppose the user wishes to monitor the data streams forwarded through the interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/10.

Below is an example of how to configure sFlow agent on the 1/1/10 gigabit-ethernet interface by sending samples to
COLLECTOR-1 on port 1555. By default the collector port is 6343.

In the egress traffic only unicast packages will be sampled.

Only one sFlow collector is allowed.

config
oam
sflow
collector COLLECTOR-1
ipv4 172.22.107.14
port 1555
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/10
flow-sampling-collector COLLECTOR-1
!
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

4.7 Task scheduling configuration

It is possible to schedule task execution using the assistant-task feature.

The first step is to create a file with the commands to be executed. To create a command file, consult the topic File Edit in
chapter Files Management.

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It is possible to create the file on another equipment and later import to run.

The file must be copied to the device via TFTP or SCP. See topic Importing the Files in the chapter Files Management.

DmOS only supports ASCII format files.

4.7.1 Automatic reboot configuration

In the example below, an automatic reboot has been schedule to be executed on 30-Sep-2019 as 02:00AM.

A file reboot.cli has been created with the commands below. Content can be viewed with the command file show.
reboot

Finally, the reboot can be scheduled. This task will be executed only once, so the parameter once was inserted.

config
assistant-task reboot
action cli-file reboot.cli
schedule once day 30 month 9 hour 2 minute 0
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Assistant Task.

4.7.2 Automatic backup configuration

Another possible use of assistant-task is configuration backup.

In the example below, there is a script that saves the current configuration to file config.txt and sends it to TFTP server
192.168.0.1. Below the contents of the config-backup.cli script.

show running-config | save overwrite config.txt

copy file config.txt tftp://192.168.0.1/

The overwrite parameter was used to save the file. In case the file already exists, it will be automatically
overwritten without confirmation.

The script execution is scheduled for every day at 06:00AM

config
assistant-task config-backup
action cli-file config-backup.cli
schedule recursive hour 6
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Assistant Task.

4.7.3 Executing a task manually

To execute the task manually once, the following command can be used.

assistant-task config-backup run-now

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Assistant Task.

4.7.4 Running a task from a pattern

The assistant-task allows to perform actions based on the output of a command. To use this feature must be used the
watch parameter.

Below is an example of a task to be run every minute (no date/time specified), checking link connectivity. When connectivity
fails on the primary link, it changes the default route to the secondary link and vice versa. For this task, the script
connectGw1.cli will be used to enable the primary link and connectGw2.cli script to enable the secondary link.

Do not use "| repeat" or other commands that have no return, otherwise the assistant task will not be able
to log its output and it will run indefinitely, until it is interrupted by the "logout" command.

Scenario Assistant Task with watch.

Below are the contents of the connectGw1.cli script.

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config
no router static address-family ipv4 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.2.2.2
router static address-family ipv4 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.1.1.2
commit

Below are the contents of the connectGw2.cli script.

config
no router static address-family ipv4 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.1.1.2
router static address-family ipv4 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.2.2.2
commit

Creating a action to change the default route gateway when connectivity fails on the primary link. Note that the regex
parameter sets a pattern to match the return of the command set in watch cli-cmd.
All watch match rules is checked against watch cli-cmd and all rules that matchis run.

config
assistant-task ChangeGW
schedule recursive hour *
schedule recursive minute 0-59
action watch cli-cmd "ping 10.1.1.2 | include loss"
action watch match M0
cli-file connectGw2.cli
regex "received, \+5 errors, 100\% packet loss"
!
action watch match M1
cli-file connectGw1.cli
regex "received, 0\% packet loss"
commit

It is necessary use the escape character "\" before special characters for regex to work properly.

4.7.5 Verifying Assistant Task

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show assistant-task
show assistant-task <task-name> last-success output
show assistant-task <task-name> last-failure output

4.8 User Defined Counters Configuration

User defined counters can be used to measure VLAN or interface traffic.

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4.8.1 VLAN counters configuration

In the example below, a counter to configure the VLAN 13 ingress is configured.

counters
ingress id 1
description "VLAN 13 ingress counter"
type octets
vlan 13
!
!

For egress traffic, it is configured similarly.

counters
egress id 1
description "VLAN 13 egress counter"
type octets
vlan 13
!
!

When specifing a VLAN, untagged interfaces will not have their traffic accounted.

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Counters.

4.8.2 Interface counters configuration

In the previous example, packets from all interfaces assigned to VLAN 13 are accounted. To limit the counter to a specific
interface, it can be specified as following.

counters
egress id 1
description "VLAN 13 egress counter"
type octets
vlan 13
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!

Counters can be used to measure traffic of two or more interfaces simultaneously. In the following configuration, a counter
measures eggress traffic of both interfaces TenGigabitEthernet 1/1/1 and 1/1/2.

counters
egress id 1
description "Interface egress counter"
type octets
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!

The counters values can be collected through SNMP. Please ask Datacom Support for the DmOS MIBs.

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Counters.

4.8.3 Verifying Counters

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show counters
show counters ingress
show counters ingress id <id>
show counters egress
show counters egress id <id>

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 5 Users Authentication

5 Users Authentication
DmOS uses levels of privileges to define which information is available to user account in the equipment. Three levels of
management access of users are supported: admin, config and audit.

Level Description

Allows exhibition and change of all the device parameters. It is a full access of
admin
reading and writing for the entire device.

Allows some functions more than only reading, however, less than the admin
level. Allows the user to visualize all the device parameters. Allows all the
config
config commands, except those for device administration purposes, such as:
hostname, SNMP, monitor, RADIUS, SNTP, TACACS+ and Local users.

audit Allows only reading functions.

Only one user account is set by default in the DmOS. The user is the admin with admin password and has admin level of
privileges.

For security purposes, it is highly recommended to change the equipment standard password.

It is recommended to set the protocol passwords always between double quotations marks "password".
Thus, it is possible to set passwords with no problems related to use of special characters.

To change the admin user standard password, follow the steps below:

config
aaa user admin password "new-password"
commit

This chapter contains the following sections:

• Local Users Configuration

• TACACS+ Configuration

• RADIUS Configuration

• Authentication Order Configuration

5.1 Local Users Configuration

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5.1.1 Creating a new Local User

The next steps shall indicate how to set a new user called “joao” with “joao1234” password and with “admin” adminis-
trator privileges.

config
aaa user joao password "joao1234"
group admin
commit

5.1.2 Deleting a Local User

The next steps will indicate how to delete the user “joao”.

config
no aaa user joao
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

5.2 TACACS+ Configuration

The TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System) is a protocol based on model AAA that provides the
authentication, authorization and accounting services in a safe manner with encryption of the entire packet. This
encryption depends on a shared secret key configured in the equipment.

5.2.1 Configuring a TACACS+ Server

The scenario below will be used to illustrate config of the TACACS+.

Example of TACACS+

For the accounting service to work it is mandatory that the user be authenticated also through the TACACS+
server.

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The configuration below shows how to configure TACACS+ using a server with IPv4 address 10.1.100.7 and authentication
password equal to “pass1234”. The procedure indicates how to enable authentication, authorization and accounting:

config
aaa server tacacs TACACS-SERVER host 10.1.100.7
shared-secret "pass1234"
authentication
authorization
accounting
commit

It is possible to specify a interface in the TACACS+ configuration, which will be used as the source address for the packets
generated by the TACACS+ client. The specified interface can by in a VRF.

config
aaa server tacacs TACACS-SERVER host 10.1.100.7
shared-secret "pass1234"
authentication
authorization
accounting
source interface l3-myintf
commit

It is possible to change the authentication-type to ASCII in the TACACS+ configuration, the default configuration is PAP. This
configuration is valid for all TACACS+ server configured.

config
aaa authentication-type tacacs ascii
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

5.3 RADIUS Configuration

The RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service) is a protocol based on model AAA that provides the authentication,
authorization and accounting services. Communication between the RADIUS customer and the RADIUS server is safe and
an exclusive key-word in both systems is required.

5.3.1 Configuring a RADIUS Server

The scenario below will be used to illustrate config of the RADIUS.

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Example of RADIUS

Considering that a user would like to set a RADIUS server that has the IPv4 192.168.1.1 address and authentication
password equal to “pass1234”. The procedure below shall indicate how to execute this config enabling the authentication,
authorization and accounting:

config
aaa server radius RADIUS-SERVER host 192.168.1.1
shared-secret "pass1234"
authentication
accounting
commit

It is possible to specify a interface in the RADIUS configuration, which will be used as the source address for the packets
generated by the RADIUS client. The specified interface can by in a VRF.

config
aaa server radius RADIUS-SERVER host 192.168.1.1
shared-secret "pass1234"
authentication
accounting
source interface l3-myintf
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

5.4 Authentication Order Configuration

The user may define the authentication-order between: local, RADIUS and TACACS+. When a user tries to login in the
system, the DmOS will try to authenticate it following the order defined by the CLI command “authentication-order”.

5.4.1 Configuring RADIUS with higher priority

Considering that a user has configured a RADIUS server to be used as an authentication method and would like to use it as
a preferential method, however it would like to use the authentication in the local base in case of communication failure
with the RADIUS server. The procedure to execute this config is indicated below:

config
aaa authentication order [radius local]
commit

5.4.2 Configuring TACACS+ with higher priority

Considering that a user has configured a TACACS+ server to be used as an authentication method and would like to use it
as a preferential method. The procedure to execute this config is indicated below:

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config
aaa authentication order [tacacs local]
commit

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 6 Interfaces

6 Interfaces
This chapter will provide examples of how to configure Ethernet interfaces. For GPON interfaces, please check GPON
chapter.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• Ethernet Interfaces Configuration

• Link Aggregation Configuration

• Port Mirroring Configuration

• Link Flap Detection Configuration

6.1 Ethernet Interfaces Configuration

6.1.1 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces

To configure an Ethernet interface, the user should enter in the interface config level.

To configure a 1G interface located in Chassis 1, Slot 1 and Port 1 (1/1/1), the user should use the following command:

config
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1

To configure a 10G interface located in Chassis 1, Slot 1 and Port 1 (1/1/1), the user should use the following command:

config
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1

To configure a 40G interface located in Chassis 1, Slot 1 and Port 1 (1/1/1), the user should use the following command:

config
interface forty-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1

To configure a 100G interface located in Chassis 1, Slot 1 and Port 1 (1/1/1), the user should use the following command:

config
interface hundred-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1

Numbering scheme of the port of the chassis/slot/port was designed for standardization with equipment of
several slots and chassis. Thus, it is always necessary to enter the full location, even if the equipment has
no several slots or chassis.

To administratively disable a 1G interface, the user should use the following procedure. The same procedure is used if the
user would like to disable interfaces of other capacities, such as 10G, 40G or 100G.

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config
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
shutdown
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

To reactivate an 1G interface, the user should use the command “no shutdown”. The same procedure is used if the user
would like to reactivate interfaces of other capacities, such as 10G or 40G.

config
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
no shutdown
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

6.1.2 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces Range

It is possible to configure several interfaces at the same time using the range of interfaces. The procedure below gives an
example of how to deactivate the gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1, 1/1/2, 1/1/3 and 1/1/4 interfaces using the range.

config
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1-4
shutdown
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

6.1.3 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces Description

The user can configure descriptions in Ethernet interfaces, as shown below. To display all descriptions, the command
show interface link can be used.
config
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
description "Link to switch 2"
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

6.1.4 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces MTU

It is possible to change an Ethernet interface MTU using the configuration shown below.

config
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
mtu 1500
commit

The default MTU value is different for each platform. Refer to the DmOS Datasheet to check the maximum
values for each hardware platform.

The interface configured MTU value is not used by protocols.

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

6.1.5 Configuring Ethernet Interfaces TPID

The interface TPID can be changed using the configuration shown below.

config
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
tpid <tpid>
commit

The default TPID value is 0x8100.

The allowed TPID values are:

• 0x88a8: TPID for 802.1ad bridges

• 0x8100: default TPID for the 802.1Q VLANs

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• 0x9100: Alternative TPID

PDUs originated by protocols like EAPS, ERPS and CFM are sent with the TPID value configured in the
interface.

When tagged frames are received with TPID value different from the configured in the interface, the frames
are forwarded using native VLAN tag.

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

6.1.6 Configuring a 10Gbps Interface to operate in 1Gbps

The DmOS allows the use of 1G optical modules in 10G interfaces in two ways:

• Forced Mode or Non-Negotiated Mode

• Negotiated Mode

The auto-negotiation configuration is disabled by default.

DmOS does not support SFP+ operating at 1G.

To use a 10G interface operating in forced 1G (non-negotiated mode), it is necessary to make the following configurations:

config
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
speed 1G
no negotiation
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

To use a 10G interface operating in 1G in the negotiated mode, it is necessary to make the following configurations:

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config
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1
advertising-abilities 1Gfull
negotiation
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Ethernet Interfaces.

6.1.7 Verifying Ethernet Interfaces

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show interface <interface-type> <chassis/slot/port>

show interface link

6.2 Link Aggregation Configuration

6.2.1 Configuring a LAG in static mode

Link aggregation defined by IEEE 802.3ad allows grouping of Ethernet interfaces to form a single logical interface (LAG).
The LAG balances the traffic between the physical interfaces and effectively increases the bandwidth. Another advantage
of link aggregation is the increase of link availability between the two equipment. If one of the physical interfaces fails, the
LAG will continue to transport traffic using the remaining interfaces.

It is not supported Link Aggregation using different interfaces configuration, for example: VLANs, duplex
and speed.

LAG with four interfaces

The next steps will indicate how to configure the link-aggregation in a static manner using four (4) Gigabit Ethernet

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interfaces, to increase link bandwidth up to 4 Gbps.

config
link-aggregation interface lag 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/4
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Link Aggregation.

6.2.2 Configuring a LAG in dynamic mode (LACP)

The LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) is a protocol used to assure the end-to-end connectivity of aggregated
interfaces (LAG). It detects and protects the network against incorrect configs, assuring the links are aggregated only if they
are configured and cabled correctly. The LACP can be configured in two modes:

• Active mode: The device sends immediately LACP (PDUs LACP) messages when the interface is activated.

• Passive mode: Places an interface in a passive negotiation status, in which the interface only responds to the PDUs
of the LACP that receives, but not initiates negotiation of the protocol.

If at least one of the (endpoints) is set as active, the LAG can be made up assuming a successful negotiation of the other
parameters.

Aggregation between interfaces with different VLANs, duplex or speed is not supported.

The next steps will indicate how to configure the dynamic aggregation in active mode using two (2) Gigabit Ethernet,
interfaces, totaling a band of 2Gbps to the aggregated link.

config
link-aggregation interface lag 1
mode active
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Link Aggregation.

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6.2.3 Configuring the load balancing

It is possible change the load balancing algorithm to modify traffic forwarding between interfaces in the LAG.

DmOS supports different load balancing modes, with enhanced mode the default.

Below is the list of supported balancing modes:

• enhanced

• dst-ip

• dst-mac

• src-dst-ip

• src-dst-map

• src-ip

• src-mac

• dynamic

The dynamic balance type provides an evenly load distribution across the LAG members. According with the instant traffic
load of each link, flows can be moved from members with heavier load to members with lower load dynamically.

The other types of balancing are hash-based. Fields of the packet are analysed with xor computations to select the output
LAG member. In these modes packet order is always maintained.

The balance performance will depend on the variability of the content of these fields. Packets with the same information
will be directed to the same output LAG member.

The next steps will indicate how to configure the link-aggregation in a static manner using four (4) Gigabit Ethernet
interfaces, to increase link bandwitdth up to 4 Gbps. The balancing method used will be dynamic.

config
link-aggregation interface lag 1
load-balance dynamic
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/4
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Link Aggregation.

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6.2.4 Configuring maximum and minimum number of active links in a LAG

• Maximum Links: When configuring up a maximum number of active links it is possible to keep redundant links
inactive, in case some active link fails, the redundant link takes over as active.

• Minimum Links: When configuring a minimum number of active links, if the number of active links is less than the
minimum number of configured links, all Link-Aggregation interfaces will be disabled.

The maximum number of active links by default is 16.

The minimum number of active links by default is 1.

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure Link-Aggregation using two (2) Gigabit Ethernet interfaces with a
maximum number of one (1) active link:

config
link-aggregation interface lag 1
maximum-active links 1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Link Aggregation.

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure Link-Aggregation using two (2) Gigabit Ethernet interfaces with a
minimum of two (2) active links:

config
link-aggregation interface lag 1
minimum-active links 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Link Aggregation.

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6.2.5 Verifying Link Aggregation

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show link-aggregation
show link-aggregation brief
show link-aggregation interfaces
show link-aggregation lacp brief
show link-aggregation lacp extensive
show link-aggregation lacp statistics

6.3 Port Mirroring Configuration

The Port Mirroring allows the Switch to copy network packets from one port to another port on a Switch. This functionality is
typically used to mirror traffic, allowing the administrator to monitor the performance of the Switch, and can troubleshoot
the network by placing a network analyzer or protocol analyzer on the port that is receiving the mirrored data.

6.3.1 Configuring Port Mirroring for received traffic

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure port mirroring to mirror the inbound traffic of the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface to the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface.

config
monitor
session 1
destination
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
source
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
rx
!
!
!
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

6.3.2 Configuring Port Mirroring for transmitted traffic

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure port mirroring to mirror the outbound traffic of the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface to the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface.

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config
monitor
session 1
destination
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
source
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
tx
!
!
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

6.3.3 Configuring Port Mirroring for transmitted and received traffic

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure port mirroring to mirror the inbound and outbound traffic of the
gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface to the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface.

config
monitor
session 1
destination
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
source
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
all
!
!
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

6.4 Link Flap Detection Configuration

Link-Flap Detection is a feature that aims to eliminate the side effects of the interminable variation of the link state of a
port. This functionality is activated by a certain number of link state changes in a given time interval.

The Link-Flap Detection feature acts by blocking a link when two or more link state change events occur within a configurable
time interval. When the port is blocked, state changes are ignored bringing stability to the network. The port will be
unlocked after an configurable interval of event free time.

6.4.1 Configuring Link Flap Detection on Ethernet Interface

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure link flap detection of the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface. In the
configuration below, the interface block will occur if 20 state transitions are detected within 60 seconds. If the state
transitions stop, after 90 seconds the interface will be unblocked.

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config
link-flap
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
detection transitions 20
detection interval 60
detection restore-timeout 90
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Link Flap.

6.4.2 Verifying Link Flap

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

If some Ethernet interface is blocked by Link Flap, the LFD acronym will appear in the field Blocked by of
show interface link command.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show interface link

show link-flap
show link-flap config-interval
show link-flap config-restore-timeout
show link-flap config-transitions
show link-flap detected-transitions
show link-flap detection-timeout
show link-flap restore-timeout
show link-flap link-flap

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 7 GPON

7 GPON
The GPON uses a WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology, allowing the bidirectional transmission on a single
fiber (wave length different for downstream and upstream). To segregate traffic of several users, the GPON uses broadcast
in the downstream direction (OLT for ONU) and TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), in the upstream direction (ONU for
OLT).

As the data is transmitted from OLT to ONU, the ONUs (Optical network units) should filter the user data traffic as well as
coordinate, multiplexing the signals, the client output in order not to create a conflict with the data of other users.

Since the data packs are transmitted in a broadcast manner for all the ONUs, the GPON standard uses AES (Advanced
Encryption Standard) to encrypt the flow of data in the downstream direction (OLT for ONU). The encryption is a safe mean
to avoid interception and assure that only the authorized user accesses the information.

Read the Datasheet of the equipment to check if these functionalities are available in your hardware
platform.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• Basic Operation of GPON

• GPON Profiles

• GPON Service Type

• Mapping the Service Port

• Setting GPON Application

• Automatic Provisioning of ONUs

7.1 Basic Operation of GPON

7.1.1 Setting the GPON interface

To set a GPON interface, the user should enter in the interface config level. To set a GPON interface located in chassis 1, Slot
1 and Port 1 (1/1/1), the user should use the following command:

config
interface gpon 1/1/1

By default, all the GPON interfaces are deactivated.

To activate a GPON interface, the user should use the following procedure.

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config
interface gpon 1/1/1
no shutdown
commit

To administratively disable a GPON interface, the user should use the following procedure.

config
interface gpon 1/1/1
shutdown
commit

By default, the FEC is enabled in the GPON interfaces for flows in the downstream and upstream directions The user may
deactivate it using the following configs:

interface gpon 1/1/1

no upstream-fec
no downstream-fec
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic GPON basic verification.

7.1.2 Setting the ONUs Authentication Method

The ONU authentication method is a global config of the GPON. Thus, it is applied in all the GPON interfaces.
The default method of authentication is serial-number.
The available authentication methods are:

• serial-number: Authentication via ONU serial number.

• password-only: Authentication with password. The DATACOM ONU password is composed of the ONU serial
number without the letters "DA".
Example: If the serial number is DACM12345678 the password for authentication will be CM123456789.

• serial-number-and-password: Authentication via serial number plus password combination.

The procedure below indicates how to set the password authentication method.

config
gpon 1/1
onu-auth-method password
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic GPON basic verification.

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7.1.3 Discovering the ONUS

To discover the ONUs that are linked to some GPON ports of the OLT, the user should perform the procedure described
below:
show interface gpon discovered-onus

The SN (Serial Number) of all the ONUs that are not provisioned in OLT shall be informed

# show interface gpon discovered-onus

Chassis / Slot / Port Serial Number
--------------------- -------------
1/1/1 DACM00001B30

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic GPON basic verification.

7.1.4 GPON basic verification

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show running-config gpon chassis/slot

show interface gpon chassis/slot/port
show interface gpon chassis/slot/port brief
show interface gpon discovered-onus

7.2 GPON Profiles

In a typical PON network, there are several end users, but few types of ONU models and services.
Thus, to avoid repetitive provisioning tasks, the GPON profiles allow definition of common attributes that can be reused
several times and applied in several service ports.

The figure below is intended to facilitate visualization of where each profile is applied.

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GPON Profiles

After configuring the GPON profiles, they must be associated with the configuration of the ONUs in order for the configured
service to operate.

7.2.1 Loading the Default Profiles

It is possible to load the GPON profiles that allow a quick config in the GPON services. It is possible to load the default
profiles for ONUs Bridge, for ONUs Router or for both types of ONUs.

To load the default profiles, the user should execute the procedure below:

config
load default-gpon-profiles
commit

To check the profiles that were loaded, it is possible to execute the show command within the config mode as indicated
below:
(config)# show profile gpon
profile gpon bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
traffic type-4 max-bw 1106944
!
profile gpon line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
upstream-fec
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
gem 1
tcont 1 priority 1
map any-ethernet
ethernet any vlan any cos any
!
map any-veip
veip 1 vlan any cos any
!
!
gem 2
tcont 1 priority 0
map any-iphost
iphost vlan any cos any
!
!
!
profile gpon media-profile DEFAULT-MEDIA
no oob-dtmf
jitter target dynamic-buffer
jitter maximum onu-internal-buffer
codec-order 1
type pcma
no silence-suppression
!
codec-order 2
type pcmu
no silence-suppression
!
codec-order 3
type g723
no silence-suppression
!

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codec-order 4
type g729
no silence-suppression
!
!
profile gpon snmp-profile DEFAULT-SNMP
if-type
if-descr
if-oper-status
if-onu-power-rx
statistics-in-bw-usage
statistics-out-bw-usage
!

7.2.2 Bandwidth Profile

The bandwidth profile defines the upstream bandwidth allocation characteristics, such as type of T-CONT, fixed bandwidth,
bandwidth assured and maximum bandwidth, according to the table below.

BW Type Delay Affected Types of applicable T-CONT

Type1 Type2 Type3 Type4 Type5

Fixed Yes X X

Assured No X X X

Non-Assured No X X

Best-Effort No X X

Max No X X X

Types of Bandwidth vs Types of applicable T-CONT

The commands below provide an example covering creation of a profile that sets a type 3 T-CONT, with 2 Mbit/s of assured
band and 10 Mbit/s of maximum band. Only bands multiple of 64 Kbit/s are allowed.

config
profile gpon bandwidth-profile <BANDWIDTH_PROFILE_NAME>
traffic type-3 assured-bw 2048 max-bw 9984
commit

7.2.3 Line Profile

This profile is used to associate GEM ports to a T-CONT and map a GEM port with ONU services. The GEM port represents a
flow of data, which should be associated to a band profile.

Configuration for bridge ONU

The following commands provide an example covering definition of a band profile for a traffic arriving at the Ethernet 1
interface with VLAN ID 100:

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config
profile gpon line-profile <LINE_PROFILE_NAME>
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile <BANDWIDTH_PROFILE_NAME>
gem 1
tcont 1
map <MAPPING_NAME>
ethernet 1 vlan 100 cos any
!
!
!
commit

Configuration for router ONU

The following commands provide an example covering definition of a band profile for a traffic arriving at the VEIP 1 interface
with VLAN ID 100:
config
profile gpon line-profile <LINE_PROFILE_NAME>
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile <BANDWIDTH_PROFILE_NAME>
gem 1
tcont 1
map <MAPPING_NAME>
veip 1 vlan 100 cos any
!
!
!
commit

7.2.4 SIP Agent Profile

The SIP Agent profile defines the IP addresses of the servers for the POTS service that will record an analogical line and will
control the call process. There are three services to set.

• Register Server: This is the server that accepts REGISTRATION requests and places the information received in
these requests in the location service for the domain with which it handles.

• Proxy Server: It is an intermediary entity that actuates as a server and a client with the objective to submit requests
in name of other clients. A proxy server basically performs the role of routing, which means that its job is to assure
that a request be sent to another entity "nearest" to the targeted user.

• Outbond Proxy: The outbound proxy receives the request of a client, even if it is not the server resolved by the
request URI.

The SIP Agent Profile is only valid for ONUs that have POTS interface.

If the user wishes to define a SIP Agent profile in a POTS interface, it should use the following commands:

config
profile gpon sip-agent-profile <SIP_AGENT_PROFILE_NAME>
registrar <REGISTRAR_IP_ADDRESS>
proxy-server <PROXY_SERVER_IP_ADDRESS>
outbound-proxy <OUTBOUND-PROXY-IP-ADDRESS>
!

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commit

7.2.5 SNMP Profile

The SNMP profile defines which objects (OIDs) will be available for consultation at the ONU through the SNMP manager.
After configuring the SNMP profile, it should be added in the ONU configuration in the GPON interface.

Below is a list of some objects that can be enabled for SNMP query through the ONU.

For the other objects that can be configured, see the Command Reference manual.

• if-admin-status: Administrative status of the interface.

• if-descr: Description of the interface.

• if-name: Interface name.

• if-onu-power-rx: Received optical power.

• if-onu-power-tx: Transmitted optical power.

• if-onu-sysuptime: OUN uptime.

• if-oper-status: Operational status of the interface.

• if-type: IANA global interface type.

• statistics-in-bw-usage: Input used bandwidth on Ethernet UNI.

• statistics-out-bw-usage: Output used bandwidth on Ethernet UNI.

Enable the SNMP agent for queries in OLT. Refer to chapter SNMP Configuration

If user want to define an SNMP profile for the ONUs, it should use the following commands:

config
profile gpon snmp-profile <GPON-SNMP-PROFILE>
if-type
if-descr
if-oper-status
if-onu-power-rx
statistics-in-bw-usage
statistics-out-bw-usage
!
commit

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7.2.6 GEM Traffic Agent Profile

This service is used to apply a limit of Downstream rate in the ONU. It is important for the ISP (Internet Service Provider) to
allow the DHCP authentication with the limit of traffic of the network according to the subscription. The GEM traffic profile
defines the CIR and EIR band for an ONU.

• CIR - Commited Information Rate: This is the rate in Kbps assured to pass through the interface.

• EIR - Excess Information Rate: This is the additional rate in Kbps, in case of bandwidth availability, the ONU traffic
will be allowed to reach CIR + EIR.

If the user would like to set a GEM traffic profile, which is set together with the T-CONT, which in turn was declared in the
line profile, such user should use the following commands:

config
profile gpon gem-traffic-profile <GEM_TRAFFIC_PROFILE_NAME>
cir <COMMITTED-RATE>
eir <EXCESS-RATE>
!
profile gpon line-profile <LINE_PROFILE_NAME>
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile <BANDWIDTH_PROFILE_NAME>
gem 1
tcont 1 gem-traffic-profile <GEM_TRAFFIC_PROFILE_NAME>
!
!
commit

7.2.7 Residential Gateway Profile (RG-Profile)

The RG profile defines the router characteristics that should be set in the ONUs. This profile implements a DATACOM
proprietary solution and should be used only with DATACOM ONU models DM984-42x with router function.

It is possible to set three main types of connections:

• wan-pppoe-connection: PPPoE WAN connection setup. Each connection represents a WAN connection at the ONU.
Used for ONU PPPoE authentication.

• wan-ip-connection: Configures a default gateway address for the related IP connection in the RG Profile. Used for
ONU IP communication.

• wan-bridge-connection: WAN bridge connection configuration. Each connection represents a ONU WAN bridge
connection. Used for LAN-to-LAN scenarios.

It is allowed to configure ip-filtering within the wan-pppoe-connection and wan-ip-connection connections. This setting
is optional, but will be available in the configuration examples that follow.

If it is necessary to change the password for users admin and/or support, the the command user-mgmt priv-lvl-support
password custom support2 can be added to the rg-profile. In the following example, the password of the user support
is changed to support2:

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config
profile gpon rg-profile PPPoE
user-mgmt priv-lvl-support password custom support2
!
commit

wan-pppoe-connection

If the user would like to set a Residential Gateway profile for application with PPPoE authentication in ONU’s WAN using
the VLAN 2000, it should set a wan-pppoe-connection in the RG-Profile. The procedure below shall indicate how to
carry out this config:

config
profile gpon rg-profile PPPoE
wan-pppoe-connection PPPoE
vlan-mux vlan 2000
nat
no fullcone-nat
firewall
no multicast-proxy igmp
no multicast-source igmp
auth-type auto
ip-filtering 0
incoming
match protocol tcp
action permit
!
!
!
commit

wan-ip-connection

If the user would like to set a Residential Gateway profile for IP application with DHCP authentication in ONU’s WAN
using the VLAN 2100, it should set a wan-ip-connection in the RG-Profile. The procedure below shall indicate how to
perform this config:

config
profile gpon rg-profile DHCP
wan-ip-connection DHCP
vlan-mux vlan 2100
nat
no fullcone-nat
firewall
no multicast-proxy igmp
no multicast-source igmp
ipv4 dhcp
primary-dns 10.0.1.1
secondary-dns 10.0.1.2
ip-filtering 1
incoming
match protocol tcp-udp
action permit
!
!
!
commit

wan-bridge-connection

If the user would like to set a Residential Gateway profile for LAN-to-LAN application using the VLAN 520 in the eth1
interface of the ONU, it should set a wan-bridge-connection in the RG-Profile. The procedure below shall indicate how to

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perform this config:

config
profile gpon rg-profile RG-ROUTER-520
wan-bridge-connection VLAN-520
vlan-mux vlan 520
no multicast-source igmp
itf-grouping
igmp-snooping
ports eth1 vlan 520
!
!
!
commit

7.2.8 TR-069 ACS Profile

The Auto Configuration Server (ACS) provides a feature of automatic provisioning of services using the TR-069 protocol. To
provide a configuration of an ONU via ACS, it is necessary that the ONU supports the TR-069 protocol. Once the ACS
server is configured with parameters to be provisioned in ONU, the ONU must know how to reach the ACS server. This
information is provided by OLT via OMCI through the tr069-acs-profile where is contained a configuration of ACS server
URL, username and password.

• URL: TR-069 server address.

• Username: TR-069 server username.

• Password: TR-069 server password.

To perform the creation of an ACS profile, use the following commands:

config
profile gpon tr069-acs-profile <ACS_PROFILE_NAME>
url <ACS-URL>
username <ACS-USERNAME>
password <ACS-PASSWORD>
!
commit

Once defined, the ACS profile must be applied to the ONUs that need to use automatic provisioning services. The following
commands show the process of creation of an ACS profile and their application in a specific ONU:

config
profile gpon tr069-acs-profile TR-069
url http://tr-069-server.internal:17000
username datacom
password datacom1234
!
interface gpon 1/1/1 onu 0
tr069-acs-profile TR-069
!
commit

ONU must support provisioning via the TR-069 protocol. Before using, verify the product documentation to
make sure if the ONU supports configuration via TR-069 protocol.

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one-shot-provisioning

The routing parameters that can not be configured through Residential Gateway profiles can be configured via the ONU
WEB interface. However, after every ONU reboot, these alterations are lost due to the characteristic of reprovisioning
of Residencial Gateway profiles after every ONU startup, overwriting the WEB interface configurations. To make these
configurations permanent, it is possible to enable the option of rg-one-shot-prov. The procedure below shall indicate
how to carry out this config:

config
gpon 1/1
rg-one-shot-prov
!
commit

Activating the configuration of rg-one-shot-prov, all of the new ONUs activated will have the configuration made via WEB
interface persisted, preventing the OLT from applying the Residential Gateway profile after every startup of the ONUs. The
ONUs that were configured before the activation of the command rg-one-shot-prov only will have the configuration
persistent after a reboot or a reprovisioning of the Residential Gateway profile. This operation can be done using the
following command:

config
interface gpon 1/1/12 onu 4
rg-reprovision
!
commit

The command rg-reprovision is applied in the ONU configuration level and it is not necessary to commit.

The command rg-reprovision must be executed when it is necessary to make a Residential Gateway profile
reapplication in the ONU. When the customer realizes a wrong configuration via WEB interface or performs
a reset in the ONU configurations are examples of when this command needs to be executed to recover the
ONU default functionalities.

The ONUs configured before the activation of the command rg-one-shot-prov presents the status field RG One Shot
Provision with the information Not provisioned, indicating that the configurations done via WEB interface can be lost
when the ONU restarts. The following example shows this information:

show interface gpon 1/1/12 onu 4

Last updated : 2019-09-27 12:05:54 UTC-3
ID : 4
Serial Number : DACM00009C5C
Password :
Uptime : 4 min
Last Seen Online : N/A
Vendor ID : DACM
Equipment ID : DM984-422
Name :
Operational state : Up
Primary status : Active
Distance : 0 [km]
IPv4 mode : DHCP
IPv4 address : 172.24.1.157/24
IPv4 default gateway : 172.24.1.12
IPv4 VLAN : 1505
IPv4 CoS : 0
Line Profile : Triple-Play-42X-veip
Service Profile : DM984-42X

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RG Profile : 1-1-12-onu-4
RG One Shot Provision : Not provisioned
SNMP : Disabled
Allocated bandwidth : 2048 fixed, 22144 assured+fixed [kbit/s]
Upstream-FEC : Enabled
Anti Rogue ONU isolate : Disabled
Version : 800.5156.12
Active FW : v4.1.6-8-g943a valid, committed
Standby FW : v4.1.6-7-g5f87 valid, not committed
Software Download State : None
Rx Optical Power [dBm] : -8.00
Tx Optical Power [dBm] : Not supported

Once applied the command rg-reprovision or realized a reset in the ONU, the field RG One Shot Provision is filled with
the timestamp of when the provisioning of the ONU via Residential Gateway profile was realized, as shown in the following
example:

show interface gpon 1/1/12 onu 4

Last updated : 2019-09-27 12:07:27 UTC-3
ID : 4
Serial Number : DACM00009C5C
Password :
Uptime : 1 min
Last Seen Online : N/A
Vendor ID : DACM
Equipment ID : DM984-422
Name :
Operational state : Up
Primary status : Active
Distance : 0 [km]
IPv4 mode : DHCP
IPv4 address : 172.24.1.157/24
IPv4 default gateway : 172.24.1.12
IPv4 VLAN : 1505
IPv4 CoS : 0
Line Profile : Triple-Play-42X-veip
Service Profile : DM984-42X
RG Profile : 1-1-12-onu-4
RG One Shot Provision : Provisioned on 2019-09-27 12:07:21 UTC-3
SNMP : Disabled
Allocated bandwidth : 2048 fixed, 22144 assured+fixed [kbit/s]
Upstream-FEC : Enabled
Anti Rogue ONU isolate : Disabled
Version : 800.5156.12
Active FW : v4.1.6-8-g943a valid, committed
Standby FW : v4.1.6-7-g5f87 valid, not committed
Software Download State : None
Rx Optical Power [dBm] : -7.99
Tx Optical Power [dBm] : Not supported

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying GPON profiles.

7.2.9 Verifying GPON profiles

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

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show running-config profile gpon

7.3 GPON Service Type

It is possible to set several GPON applications between the OLT and the ONUs. The DmOS supports three main types of
services:

7.3.1 Service VLAN N:1

• N:1: In general, this type of service is implemented to provide access to Internet to residential clients, since only one
VLAN is used to transport the internet service in the entire network.

The following command will set a VLAN for the N:1 service. This means that the clients (N) in the same VLAN (1) shall not be
able to communicate one with the other.
config
service vlan 100 type n:1
commit

7.3.2 Service VLAN 1:1

• 1:1: In general, this type of service is implemented to provide corporate applications or access to residential internet,
since a different VLAN is used to transport the service of each client through the network. Each class of traffic of the
same subscriber should have a same VLAN.

The following command will set a VLAN for the 1:1 service. This means that the clients in the same VLAN shall not be able to
communicate one with the other.
config
service vlan 100 type 1:1
commit

7.3.3 Service VLAN TLS

• TLS: In general, this type of service is implemented to provide corporate applications, since a different VLAN is used
to transport the service of each client through the network. Each class of traffic of the same subscriber can have a
same or a different VLAN. This service when used together with the Hairpin enables offer of LAN-to-LAN services and
no additional equipment will be required (for example routers).

The following command will set a VLAN for the TLS service. This means that the clients in the same VLAN shall be able to
communicate one with the other.

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config
service vlan 100 type tls
commit

7.4 Mapping the Service Port

A service port is used to establish a relationship between the traffic of GEM port and the service VLAN.

Examples of applications with Service Port:

7.4.1 Service Port - Transparent

For example, the traffic originating from VLAN ID 100 at the ONUs will be routed transparently through the following
command:
config
service-port 1 gpon 1/1/1 onu 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 100
commit

7.4.2 Service Port - Replace

For example, the traffic resulting from VLAN ID 100 in the ONUs will be mapped for the Service VLAN 200 using the following
commands:
config
service-port 1 gpon 1/1/1 onu 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 200
commit

7.4.3 Service Port - Add

For example, the traffic originating from VLAN ID 100 at ONUs will receive a new tag VLAN 1000 through the following
command:
config
service-port 1 gpon 1/1/1 onu 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan add vlan-id 1000
commit

A service-port that uses an N:1 VLAN service only supports the replace operation.

7.5 Setting GPON Application

To configure a GPON application with ONU (bridge/router), follow the steps below:

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• Configure VLAN

• Configure Service VLAN

• Enable the GPON interface

• Verify ONU Discovery

• Configure the bandwidth-profile

• Configure the line-profile

• Configure the RG Profile (only for ONU router)

• Provisionar a ONU

• Configure the Service Port

7.5.1 Configuring a N:1 Application with ONU bridge

Considering that the user would like to set two customers with the same band profile. For this example, the N:1 type of
service will be set exemplifying the supply of Internet access to the residential clients. The VLAN 100 will be used as a
service VLAN. The native vlan configuration at the ONU will be used to deliver the service without a VLAN tag over the
ONU Ethernet.

The scenario below will be used to indicate the config of the service using the Ethernet interface of the ONUs.

Implementing an Internet Access Service using the Service-VLAN N:1

Below is the complete configuration for the N:1 bridge ONU application:

config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
service vlan 100 type n:1
!
profile gpon bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
traffic type-4 max-bw 1106944
!
profile gpon line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
upstream-fec
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
gem 1
tcont 1 priority 0
map ethernet
ethernet 1 vlan 100 cos any
native vlan vlan-id 100
!
!
interface gpon 1/1/1
no shutdown
onu 1

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name CLIENTE-1
serial-number DACM00000001
line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
ethernet 1
negotiation
no shutdown
!
!
onu 2
name CLIENTE-2
serial-number DACM00000002
line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
ethernet 1
negotiation
no shutdown
native vlan vlan-id 100
!
!
service-port 1 gpon 1/1/1 onu 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 100
service-port 2 gpon 1/1/1 onu 2 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 100
!
commit

7.5.2 Configuring a 1:1 Application with ONU bridge

Considering that the user would like to set two customers with the same band profile. For this example, the 1:1 type of
service will be set exemplifying the supply of Internet access for corporate clients. The VLAN 100 will be used as the ONU
1 service VLAN and the VLAN 200 as the ONU 2 service VLAN. Service delivery takes place with a VLAN tag on the ONU
Ethernet.

The scenario below will be used to indicate the config of the service using the Ethernet interface of the ONUs.

Implementing an Internet Access Service using the Service-VLAN 1:1

Below is the complete configuration for the 1:1 bridge ONU application:

config
dot1q
vlan 100,200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
service vlan 100 type 1:1
!
service vlan 200 type 1:1
!
profile gpon bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
traffic type-4 max-bw 1106944
!
profile gpon line-profile LINE-1
upstream-fec
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
gem 1
tcont 1 priority 0
map ethernet
ethernet 1 vlan 100 cos any
!
!
!
profile gpon line-profile LINE-2
upstream-fec
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH

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gem 1
tcont 1 priority 0
map ethernet
ethernet 1 vlan 200 cos any
!
!
!
interface gpon 1/1/1
no shutdown
onu 1
name CLIENTE-1
serial-number DACM00000001
line-profile LINE-1
ethernet 1
negotiation
no shutdown
!
!
onu 2
name CLIENTE-2
serial-number DACM00000002
line-profile LINE-2
ethernet 1
negotiation
no shutdown
!
!
!
service-port 1 gpon 1/1/1 onu 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 100
service-port 2 gpon 1/1/1 onu 2 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 200 action vlan replace vlan-id 200
!
commit

7.5.3 Configuring a TLS Application with ONU router

Considering that the user wishes to configure a LAN-to-LAN application for protocol transparency and the possibility of the
clients communicating with each other. For this example, the TLS service type will be configured by exemplifying the
delivery of enterprise applications. The VLAN 100 will be used as a service VLAN.

The scenario below will be used to indicate the config of the service using the VEIP interface of the ONUs DATACOM model
DM98x.

Implementing an Corporative Service using the Service-VLAN TLS

it is necessary to configure an RG Profile so that the settings are sent to UN DM98x.

The main change over the for ONU bridge is in the configured interface type which goes from ethernet to veip.

Below the complete configuration for the application TLS with ONU router model DM98x.

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config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
service vlan 100 type tls
!
profile gpon bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
traffic type-4 max-bw 1106944
!
profile gpon line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
upstream-fec
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
gem 1
tcont 1 priority 0
map veip
veip 1 vlan 100 cos any
!
!
!
profile gpon rg-profile RG-DM98x
wan-bridge-connection VLAN-100
vlan-mux vlan 100
no multicast-source igmp
itf-grouping
igmp-snooping
ports eth1 vlan 100
!
!
!
interface gpon 1/1/1
no shutdown
onu 1
name CLIENTE-1
serial-number DACM00000001
rg-profile RG-DM98x
line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
veip 1
!
!
onu 2
name CLIENTE-2
serial-number DACM00000002
rg-profile RG-DM98x
line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
veip 1
!
!
service-port 1 gpon 1/1/1 onu 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 100
service-port 2 gpon 1/1/1 onu 2 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan replace vlan-id 100
!
commit

7.6 Automatic Provisioning of ONUs

The automatic provisioning tool is used to set in an automatic manner all the ONUs discovered in the OLT based on a set
of pre-defined profiles. The config is performed in a global manner and will apply the config defined in the automatic
provisioning to all the discovered ONUs.

The GPON created profiles should be included in the automatic provisioning and also it is possible to use the loaded
default profiles.

Implementing an Internet Access Service using the Service-VLAN N:1

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Assume that the user wants all ONU that are discovered in the PON branch to be automatically configured with the profiles
previously configured.
The following procedure presents the configuration required to enable automatic provisioning.

config
gpon 1/1
onu-auto-provisioning
enable
line-profile <DEFAULT-LINE>
service-port 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id <VLAND-ID> action vlan add vlan-id <VLAND-ID>
!
!
commit

Alternatively, if it is necessary to configure the automatic provisioning functionality only to one GPON interface, the
following commands can be used:

config
interface gpon 1/1/1
onu-auto-provisioning
enable
line-profile <DEFAULT-LINE>
service-port 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id <VLAND-ID> action vlan add vlan-id <VLAND-ID>
!
!
!
commit

The configuration of automatic provisioning functionality per PONLINK has precedence over the Global
configuration. Both configurations can coexist in the same equipment, but the Global one will be activated
only when PONLINK configuration is not present.

The service-port should be created for each GEM that the user wishes to set. It is possible to set up to 16
service-ports in the automatic provisioning, which will be applied in all the discovered ONUs.

Below is the complete configuration for the application with automatic provisioning:

config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
service vlan 100 type n:1
!
profile gpon bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
traffic type-4 max-bw 1106944
!
profile gpon line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
upstream-fec
tcont 1 bandwidth-profile DEFAULT-BANDWIDTH
gem 1
tcont 1 priority 0
map veip
veip 1 vlan 100 cos any
!
!
!
profile gpon snmp-profile DEFAULT-SNMP
if-type
if-descr
if-oper-status
if-onu-power-rx

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statistics-in-bw-usage
statistics-out-bw-usage
!
interface gpon 1/1/1
no shutdown
!
gpon 1/1
onu-auto-provisioning
enable
line-profile DEFAULT-LINE
snmp-profile DEFAULT-SNMP
service-port 1 gem 1 match vlan vlan-id 100 action vlan add vlan-id 100
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying GPON.

7.6.1 Verifying GPON

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show interface gpon onu

show interface gpon <chassis/slot/port> onu <id>
show mac-address-table

7.6.2 Verifying automatic provisioning

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show running gpon

show interface gpon onu
show interface gpon <chassis/slot/port> onu <id>

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8 Switching
In a network of Layer 2, each network segment has its own collision domain and all the segments are in the same
transmission domain. The entire transmission is seen by all the network devices. The 802.1Q standard allows creation of
VLANs that are used to segment a single broadcast domain into several broadcast domains.

The 802.1Q standard supports frames tagged from identifier 1 to 4094.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• MAC Table Configuration

• VLAN Configuration

• RSTP Configuration

• MSTP Configuration

• EAPS Configuration

• ERPS Configuration

• L2CP Configuration

• Loopback Detection Configuration

• DHCP Relay L2 Configuration

8.1 MAC Table Configuration

8.1.1 Configuring Aging Time

The switching equipment operate in L2 layer and execute forwarding of frames through MAC addresses. The MAC address
table stores the MAC addresses caught by the device, associating them to an interface port.

The MAC addresses are caught dynamically or statically by the device. In static mode, the user saves an input with MAC
address and port. This input shall persist in the table until it is removed by the user. In the dynamic mode, the switch
receives a frame and saves the MAC address of origin and the interface port in the table. This address will continue saved
while a traffic exist or will wait for the aging time to clean this input in the table. The standard value of the aging time is 600
seconds.

The next steps will indicate how to set the aging time for the value of 300 seconds.

config
mac-address-table aging-time 300
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying MAC Address Table.

8.1.2 Disabling MAC learning

MAC learning in interfaces is enabled by default. If that is not desirable, it can be disabled per interface.

Disabling MAC learning in an interface can result in frame flooding, causing frames to be forwarded
unnecessarily.

The commands below show how to disable MAC learning in the interface gigabit-ethernet 1/1/6.

config
mac-address-table interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 learning disabled
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying MAC Address Table.

8.1.3 Verifying MAC Address Table

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show mac-address-table
show mac-address-table interface <INTERFACE>
show mac-address-table mac-address <MAC_ADDRESS>
show mac-address-table type <STATIC/DYNAMIC>
show mac-address-table vlan <VLAN_ID>
show running-config mac-address-table interface learning

8.2 VLAN Configuration

8.2.1 Configuring VLAN with Tagged Interfaces

The tagged mode is used in the interfaces that perform the output and input of traffic with VLAN ID (802.1Q) tag.

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The next steps will define how to set the VLAN 200 for output of data traffic between the Gigabit Ethernet 1/1/1 and Gigabit
Ethernet 1/1/2 interfaces using the tagged mode.

config
dot1q
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged

By default, if the user does not specify the interface mode in the VLAN, the mode used will be tagged.

It is also possible for the user to set several VLANs using a range and inserting the desired interfaces. The procedure below
exemplifies config of a range of VLANs from ID 1500 through ID 2000 with the ten-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1 interface in tagged
mode.
config
dot1q
vlan 1500-2000
name TRAFEGO
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying VLAN Configuration.

8.2.2 Configuring VLAN with Untagged Interfaces

The untagged mode is used in the interfaces that perform the output and input of traffic and that do not have the VLAN ID
(802.1Q) tag. This mode is used mainly in the interfaces connected to computers, servers, printers, etc.

For the untagged traffic, setting of a native-vlan in the interfaces using the switchport config is required

The next steps will define how to set the VLAN 200 for traffic between the Gigabit Ethernet 1/1/1 and Gigabit Ethernet 1/1/2
interfaces using the untagged mode.

config
dot1q
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 untagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 untagged
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 200
!
!

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interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 200
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying VLAN Configuration.

8.2.3 Configuring VLAN Translate

The VLAN-Translate performs replacement of a given VLAN by another VLAN in the out direction or in the in direction of the
traffic.

Implementation of VLAN Translate

The next steps will indicate how to set the VLAN Translate to translate the VLAN 100 into the VLAN 400 in the input (in) of
the gigabit ethernet 1/1/1 interface and execute the opposite operation in the output (out).

VLAN-Translate configuration is done through the VLAN mapping functionality, using the action replace.

config
dot1q
vlan 400
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
Interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
vlan-mapping
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
ingress
rule TRANSLATE-ingress-rule1
match vlan vlan-id 100
action replace vlan vlan-id 400
!
egress
rule TRANSLATE-egress-rule1
match vlan vlan-id 400
action replace vlan vlan-id 100
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

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8.2.4 Configuring QinQ

The QinQ is a L2 functionality also known as tunneling QinQ, 802.1Q tunnel, VLAN Stacking or double-tag. With this
functionality, a service provider can assign different service VLANs (S-VLANs) to a given type of different clients traffic, or
even a single VLAN to all the clients. This allows a separation between the traffic of each client in the service provider’s
network. The client’s VLANs are then transported in a transparent manner within the service provider’s network.

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the QinQ.

Implementation of QinQ

The next steps will indicate how to set the QinQ to transport one client connected to the Gigabit-Ethernet-1/1/6 interface.
The client have a VLAN (C-VLAN) 100 and will be transported through the service provider’s network with the VLAN
(S-VLAN) 1000.

To set the QinQ it is necessary to set the interface in an untagged manner and activating the option qinq
using the switchport config.

config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 untagged
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
qinq
native-vlan vland-id 1000
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

8.2.5 Configuring Selective QinQ

The selective QinQ has the same logic of the standard QinQ, however it adds a new VLAN in the traffic that enters in an
interface only for the specified VLAN (C-VLANs) of clients. This functionality has as objective to create service VLANs
(S-VLANs) to separate clients (C-VLANs) that diverge in the type of contracted service, such as for example the QoS.

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The scenario below will be used to illustrate config of the selective QinQ.

Implementation of Selective QinQ

Considering that the user would like to set two different customers. Both connected to the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 interface,
however, the client with a VLAN 100 (C-VLAN) will b transported in a transparent manner within the service provider’s
network through the VLAN 1000 (S-VLAN) and the second client will have the VLAN 200 (C-VLAN) maintained. The next
steps will indicate how to set the selective QinQ.

To set the selective QinQ, config of a rule in the vlan-mapping using the option add is required.

config
dot1q
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 tagged
!
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 untagged
!
!
vlan-mapping
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
ingress
rule qinq-seletivo-vlan-100
match vlan vlan-id 100
action add vlan vlan-id 1000
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

8.2.6 Verifying VLAN Configuration

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

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show vlan brief

show vlan detail
show vlan membership detail

8.3 RSTP Configuration

The RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) protocol defined by IEEE 802.1w is used to provide a single path in the network,
eliminating loops among equipment.

The BPDU of the RSTP are forwarded without presence of VLAN (untagged).

8.3.1 Configuring a Basic RSTP

The scenario below will be used to illustrate config of the RSTP.

Implementation of RSTP

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: VLAN ID 100 and 200 for traffic with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 interface as access interface.

• Equipment B: VLAN ID 100 and 200 for traffic with a ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as uplink interface.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 tagged
!
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 tagged
!
!
!
spanning-tree
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged

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interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged

interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
spanning-tree
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
commit

8.3.2 Applying RSTP parameters

If necessary, the user can change Spanning Tree default parameters or enable parameters that are not available in the
Spanning Tree default configuration.

Below the list of parameters that can be modified at the Spanning Tree interfaces:

• auto-edge: If do not receive BPDUs, the interface goes automatically to edge port state and will not transmit BPDUs.

• edge-port: When configured, the interface will not transmit BPDUs. The default value is auto-edge.

• bpdu-guard: The interface goes to forwarding state but will not transmit BPDUs, unless a BPDU is received by
interface. This command only applies to interfaces that have already been configured as edge-port.

• cost: Allows to change the cost of the interface path for STP calculations. By default, this value is associated with the
link speed.

• link-type: Configure the interface to inform whether the LAN segment is point-to-point or point-multipoint. The
default value is auto.

• port-priority: Configure the port priority to change the probability of becoming a root port. The default value is 128.

• restricted-role: Settings the interface to not be selected as the Root Port of an STP topology.

• restricted-tcn: Settings the interface to not propagate the notifications received from changing the STP topology.

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure edge-port on interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1.

To configure the other parameters listed above, the procedure is the same as in the example below.

config
spanning-tree
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 edge-port
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying RSTP.

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8.3.3 Verifying RSTP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show spanning-tree
show spanning-tree brief
show spanning-tree detail
show spanning-tree extensive

8.4 MSTP Configuration

The MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol) protocol defined by IEEE 802.1s is used to provide a single path in the network,
eliminating loops among equipment. The protocol has advantage over RSTP of providing a load balancing through of
different MSTI instances by tunning the ports costs for efficient load balancing.

The protected VLAN group in a MSTI can only overlap with the VLAN group protected by the EAPS and ERPS
protocols if the VLANs are exactly the same.

There can be no overlap of VLANs between MSTIs.

The Control VLANs of ERPS and EAPS can not be part of a MSTI.

8.4.1 Configuring MSTP for load balancing

The scenario below will be used to illustrate config of the RSTP for efficient load balancing.

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Implementation of MSTP

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

Equipment A

• MST 1: Priority 4096 and VLAN ID 100 to 200. Port-priority = 32 in ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2.

• MST 2: Priority 4096 and VLAN ID 300 to 400.

Equipment B

• MST 1: Priority 32768 (default) and VLAN ID 100 to 200.

• MST 2: Priority 32768 (default) and VLAN ID 300 to 400.

The both equipment use the ten-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/1 and ten-gigabit-ethernet 1/1/2 interfaces to form MSTP topology
with the following parameters: name = datacom and revision = 12345.

The parameters name and revision MUST be the same on all equipment that participate in MSTP topology.

The interfaces present in the CIST are required in MSTI instances only if need to set specific parameters such
as cost and priority.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 100-200,300-400
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
spanning-tree
mode mstp
name datacom
revision 12345
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
auto-edge
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
auto-edge
!
mst 1
priority 4096
vlan 100-200
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
port-priority 32
!

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!
mst 2
priority 4096
vlan 300-400
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 100-200,300-400
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
spanning-tree
mode mstp
name datacom
revision 12345
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
auto-edge
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
auto-edge
!
mst 1
vlan 100-200
!
mst 2
vlan 300-400
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying MSTP.

8.4.2 Verifying MSTP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show spanning-tree
show spanning-tree brief
show spanning-tree detail
show spanning-tree extensive

8.5 EAPS Configuration

The EAPS (Ethernet Automatic Protection Switching) protocol is used to provide a single path in the network and eliminating
loops among equipment. It also provides a quicker convergence in relation to the RSTP protocol.

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The EAPS protocol operated adequately only in ring type topologies.

The protected VLAN group in a EAPS instance can only overlap with the VLAN group protected by the MSTP
and ERPS protocols if the VLANs are exactly the same.

8.5.1 Configuring a Basic Ring EAPS

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the EAPS.

Implementation of EAPS

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: VLAN 100 for traffic with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 interface as access interface and the VLAN 4094 for
VLAN of EAPS control in transit mode using the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 and 1/1/2 interfaces.

• Equipment B: VLAN 100 for traffic with a ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as uplink interface and the VLAN 4094
for VLAN of EAPS control in master mode using the gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 and 1/1/2 interfaces.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 tagged
!
vlan 4094
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
eaps 0
control-vlan 4094
protected-vlans 100
port
primary gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
secondary gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
mode transit
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 100

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interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged

interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
vlan 4094
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
eaps 0
control-vlan 4094
protected-vlans 100
port
primary gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
secondary gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
mode master
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying EAPS.

8.5.2 Verifying EAPS

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show eaps
show eaps brief
show eaps detail

8.6 ERPS Configuration

The ERPS (Ethernet Ring Protection Switching) protocol defined by rule ITU-U G.8032 is used to provide a single path in the
network avoiding and eliminating loops among equipment.

Inhibition of loop in an Ethernet ring is carried out assuring that a segment remains without passing of traffic, this means,
barred. The ERPS protocol uses a port called RPL Owner responsible for barring the entire traffic, except the control packs
of the protocol.

Currently, the DmOS supports the ERPS protocol only in config in main ring. There is no support for the
sub-ring with shared-link.

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It is mandatory to configure "ring-id 1" if it is necessary to interoperate with other DATACOM products and
other vendors that have ERPSv1.

The protected VLAN group in a ERPS instance can only overlap with the VLAN group protected by the EAPS
and MSTP protocols if the VLANs are exactly the same.

8.6.1 Configuring a Basic Ring ERPS

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the ERPS.

Implementation of ERPS

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: VLAN 100 for traffic with a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 interface as access interface and the VLAN 4094 for
control VLAN of ERPS and a gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 interface as RPL Owner.

• Equipment B: VLAN 100 for traffic with a ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as uplink interface and the VLAN 4094
for control VLAN of the ERPS.
!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 tagged
!
vlan 4094
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
erps
ring ERPS
ring-id 1
control-vlan 4094
protected-vlans 100
port0
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
port1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 rpl-role owner
!
!
!
commit

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!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
vlan 4094
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
!
erps
ring ERPS
ring-id 1
control-vlan 4094
protected-vlans 100
port0
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
port1
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying ERPS.

8.6.2 Verifying ERPS

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show erps
show erps brief

8.7 L2CP Configuration

The L2CP (Layer 2 Control Protocol) protocol is used to provide LAN-to-LAN service in a transparent manner through a
network in such a way that the central equipment of the network do not process the PDUs.

The L2CP is supported only in Switch platforms.

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The DmOS supports the L2CP in the extended mode and for CDP, Dot1x, EAPS, ERPS, GVRP, LACP, LLDP,
Marker, OAM, PAgP, PVST, STP, UDLD and VTP protocols.

The L2CP extended mode is proprietary, for interopability use the L2CP by protocol.

The L2CP configured by protocol has precedence over extended mode.

8.7.1 Configuring L2CP in extended mode

The L2CP extended mode can tunnel the following MAC address:

PDU Type MAC Address

IEEE 01:80:C2:00:00:0X e 01:80:C2:00:00:2X

EAPS 00:E0:2B:00:00:04

RRPP 00:0F:E2:07:82:XX

Cisco Protocols 01:00:0C:CC:XX:XX e 01:00:0C:CD:XX:XX

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the L2CP protocol in extended mode. This configuration is
used when two private networks of the same customer are connected by ISP network and this customer requires that L2
protocols run like one network between the private networks.

Implementation of L2CP

Considering that the user would like to use the following configs in both equipment:

• VLAN ID 100 for Customer 1 with gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 interface as access interface and ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface as uplink interface. The L2CP is activated in the access interface.

config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 untagged

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!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 100
!
!
!
!
layer2-control-protocol
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
extended action tunnel
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2CP.

8.7.2 Configuring L2CP by Specific Protocol

Using the Configuring L2CP in extended mode scenario it is possible to change L2CP configuration to use L2CP by Protocol
instead L2CP extended mode in both equipment.

config
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 cdp action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 dot1x action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 eaps action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 erps action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 gvrp action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 lacp action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 lldp action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 marker action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 oam action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 pagp action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 pvst action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 stp action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 udld action tunnel
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 vtp action tunnel
commit

In case of interoperability with other vendor which use destination MAC (01:00:0C:CD:CD:D0) in L2CP feature use the
command below.
config
layer2-control-protocol tunnel-mac interop
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2CP.

8.7.3 Configuring L2CP Extended PDU transparency

It is possible enable L2CP Extended PDU transparency using the command below. This feature is used to forward PDUs
from one port to another without change any PDU information, because of this all equipment in path needs support PDU

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transparency.

It is necessary configure the PDU transparency in all equipment in the path.

Using the Configuring L2CP in extended mode scenario it is possible to change L2CP configuration to use PDU transparency
instead L2CP tunneling.

config
layer2-control-protocol interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 extended action forward
layer2-control-protocol interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 extended action forward

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2CP.

8.7.4 Verifying L2CP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show running-config layer2-control-protocol

debug enable l2cp-tunneling

8.7.5 PDUs default behavior in OLT platforms

On DM461x platforms that support GPON technology the transparency of L2 PDUs for TLS service (service
vlan type TLS) is enabled without the possibility of changing this behavior. For services 1: 1 and N: 1 (service
vlan type 1: 1 or n: 1), the transparency of L2 PDUs is disabled without the possibility of changing this
behavior.

The table below summarizes the transparency behavior of L2 PDUs on DM461x platforms for each type of GPON service.

PDU Type MAC Address TLS Service Service N:1 or 1:1

IEEE 01:80:C2:00:00:0X and 01:80:C2:00:00:2X Forward Drop

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PDU Type MAC Address TLS Service Service N:1 or 1:1

EAPS 00:E0:2B:00:00:04 Forward Forward

ERPS 01:19:A7:<ring-id> Forward Forward

RRPP 00:0F:E2:07:82:XX Forward Forward

Cisco Protocols 01:00:0C:CC:XX:XX and 01:00:0C:CD:XX:XX Forward Forward

8.7.6 PDUs default behavior in Switch platforms

In Switch platforms actions tunnel and forward are supported. The table below summarizes the default tunneling
behavior of PDUs if L2CP is not configured.

PDU Type MAC Address Default Action

IEEE 01:80:C2:00:00:0X and 01:80:C2:00:00:2X Drop

EAPS 00:E0:2B:00:00:04 Forward

ERPS 01:19:A7:<ring-id> Forward

RRPP 00:0F:E2:07:82:XX Forward

Cisco Protocols 01:00:0C:CC:XX:XX and 01:00:0C:CD:XX:XX Forward

8.8 Loopback Detection Configuration

Loopback Detection (LBD) detects a loop sending periodically PDUs in an interface and check if PDUs are received in the
same interface. If the loop is detected, the following actions will occur:

• The interface is blocked.

• An alarm is activated.

• A log is recorded.

• A SNMP trap is sent to the configured SNMP server.

Loopback Detection configuration is not supported on LAG member ports.

8.8.1 Configuring Loopback Detection for access network

In the scenario below, as shown, a loop occurs in access network connected to the equipment. Packets sent from an
interface are sent back to this interface.

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Scenario with loop

The next steps will demonstrate how to enable loopback detection on an interface.

config
loopback-detection
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Loopback Detection.

8.8.2 Verifying Loopback Detection

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

debug enable loopback-detection

show alarm

8.9 DHCP Relay L2 Configuration

The DHCP Relay L2 executes snooping of DHCP packs for security and subscribers’ management purposes, maintaining
control of the IP assigned by a reliable DHCP server to the non-reliable network devices. The DHCP option 82 attached by
the retransmission agent can be used to maintain tracking of the user and provide a network config based on the network
clients’ locations.

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The standard config has the DHCP as deactivated.

Currently, the DHCP Relay functionality is available only in the DM461x platforms with support to the GPON
technology.

To enable the DHCP Relay in VLAN 20 the user would perform the following procedure:

config
dhcp relay vlan 20
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying DHCP Relay.

8.9.1 Verifying DHCP Relay

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show allowed-ip entry-type dhcp

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9 IP Services
In this chapter, it is shown basic L3 interface configuration, with IPv4 and IPv6 addressing. It is also contains IP services
configuration.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• IP Addresses Configuration

• IPv6 SLAAC Configuration

• L3 DHCP Relay Configuration

9.1 IP Addresses Configuration

The user can configure IPv4 and IPv6 addresses manually in management, loopback and L3 interfaces.

9.1.1 Configuring IPv4 addresses

The following steps show how to configure the IPv4 address 10.10.0.1/30 in L3 interface (VLAN 2).

config
dot1q
vlan 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 2
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN2
ipv4 address 10.10.0.1/30
lower-layer-if vlan 2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying IP Address.

9.1.2 Configuring IPv6 addresses

The following steps show how to configure the IPv4 address 2001::a0a:1/126 in L3 interface (VLAN 2).

config
dot1q
vlan 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 2
!
!

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!
interface l3 VLAN2
lower-layer-if vlan 2
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2001::a0a:1/126
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying IP Address.

9.1.3 Verifying IP Address

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ip interface brief

show ipv6 interface brief

9.1.4 MTU configuration in L3 interfaces

It is also possible to configure the MTU in L3 interfaces. In this case, the MTU restriction will only by applied to packets in
the control plane, or packets directed to the equipment CPU.

config
interface l3 VLAN2
ip-mtu 2000
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

9.2 IPv6 SLAAC Configuration

SLAAC (IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration) allow equipment interfaces to provide IPv6 prefix information to hosts
connected to these interfaces without using a DHCPv6 server or manually configuring a IPv6 address.

The SLAAC operation is based on the exchange of messages RA (Router Advertisement) and RS (Router Solicitation)
allowing clients to use the information of those messages to auto-configure their own IPv6 addresses.

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SLAAC is available for L3 interfaces and the MGMT interface.

By default, the lifetime of RA messages is 1800 seconds. If the interface should not be used as default
route, the lifetime must be set to 0. The lifetime is not available for MGMT interface because it can not be
used as default route.

By default, once the command "ipv6 enable" is configured into an interface, RA messages will start to be
sent to all clients in the broadcast domain. The prefix information will only be added into an RA message
after the configuration of "ipv6 address <x:x:x:x::y/64>" or "ipv6 nd ra prefix <x:x:x:x::/64>".

For SLAAC to work, it is necessário that the IPv6 has /64 prefix.

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the configuration of SLAAC.

Implementation of SLAAC

Considering that the user would like to use the network prefix 2222::/64 for a specific network. The SLAAC can be enabled
in order to propagate this network prefix via SLAAC-1 L3 interface to all hosts connected to the broadcast domain. The next
steps will indicate how to execute this configuration.

config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!

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!
!
interface l3 SLAAC-1
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv6 enable
ipv6 nd ra prefix 2222::/64
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying IPv6 SLAAC.

9.2.1 Verifying IPv6 SLAAC

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

debug enable ipv6-nd-rx

debug enable ipv6-nd-tx

9.3 L3 DHCP Relay Configuration

It is possible to perform DHCP messages forwarding between two distinct broadcast domains using the DHCP relay agent.
The broadcast messages generated by the client (DHCP Discover and DHCP request) are received by the DHCP relay switch,
those messages are converted from broadcast to unicast messages and then routed to the DHCP server. The operation of
DHCP relay agent depends on the local network that was configured with a VLAN and IP address, as the network where the
DHCP server is located. This configuration can be performed as indicated in IP Addresses Configuration.

9.3.1 Configuring VLANs to the service

The following setup presents an application of the DHCP relay service:

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DHCP relay usage example

The information field configured for the DHCP relay realizes the following actions:

• information option: Inserts an option 82 to the frame referred to the inbound network interface;

• information trust-all: Accepts frames that arrive with option 82 already inserted;

• information policy keep: Keeps the option 82 in the frames when those arrive with this field.

For more details about other option 82 parameters, check the Command Reference.

In this example, the DHCP frames that arrive with no option 82 will be marked before forwarding to the server. The frames
that arrive with option 82 already marked will be forwarded without changes in this field. The option 82 inserted by the
switch is composed by Circuit ID and Remote ID fields, example: 10ge- 1/1/1:1505.

The following steps show how to configure a VLAN and IP address to the client network:

config
dot1q
vlan 1505
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
untagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/4
untagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
untagged
!
!
!
switchport interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 native-vlan vlan-id 1505
!
switchport interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 native-vlan vlan-id 1505
!
switchport interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 native-vlan vlan-id 1505
!
switchport interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/4 native-vlan vlan-id 1505
!
switchport interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5 native-vlan vlan-id 1505
!
interface l3 vl-1505
lower-layer-if vlan 1505
ipv4 address 172.24.1.16/24
commit

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Below are the steps to configure a VLAN and IP address to the DHCP server network:

config
dot1q
vlan 3300
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
interface l3 vl-3300
lower-layer-if vlan 3300
ipv4 address 192.87.235.101/24
commit

9.3.2 Configuring DHCP relay service

The following steps show how to configure the DHCP relay service to the clients of VLAN 1505 destined to the DHCP server
in VLAN 3300:
config
dhcp relay DHCP-SERVER
!
information option
information trust-all
information policy keep
server ipv4 192.87.235.106
!
interface l3-vl-1505
!
!
commit

If it is necessary to clients from another VLAN of the switch to using the same DHCP server, it is possible to
indicate the respective L3 interface of this VLAN in the DHCP relay configuration, exactly as exemplified for
the VLAN 1505 through the command interface l3-vl-1505.

9.3.3 Configuring DHCP relay service by interface

DHCP relay service configuration by interface allows different configuration of option 82 in an interface instead of global
option 82 configuration for the DHCP relay instance.

If option 82 is configured globally and by interface, the configuration by interface has preference.

The following steps show how to configure the DHCP relay service to insert option 82 only for client in interface gigabit-
ethernet-1/1/1, the others interfaces will not have option 82 inserted. The DHCP client packets are forwarded to the DHCP
server with IPv4 address 192.87.235.106:
config
dhcp relay DHCP-SERVER
server ipv4 192.87.235.106
!
interface l3-vl-1505
!

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if-option gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
information option
!
!
commit

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10 Routing
Routing is the process to forward packs to their destination using network addresses. Routing is executed by devices
capable to exchange information required to create tables containing path information to reach a destination, using
specific protocols or inputs assigned manually.

The dynamic routing protocols, such as the OSPF, gather the required information from the neighboring devices in order to
create its routing table, used to define to which location the traffic will be sent.

As alternatives to the dynamic methods, static routes exist. The static routes are recommended in routers that have few
networks and less paths for destination.

The information received through the routing protocols are added in a table called RIB (Routing Information Base) that is
the base for calculation of definition of best path. The result of the route calculation is the FIB (Forwarding Information
Base) that contains information that the devices use to route the traffic.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• Static Routing Configuration

• Black Hole Route Configuration

• VLAN Routing Configuration

• VRF Configuration

• OSPFv2 Configuration

• OSPFv3 Configuration

• BGP Configuration

• VRRP Configuration

• BFD Configuration

10.1 Static Routing Configuration

The static routing has as objective to output packs between different networks with the config of the routes in a manual
manner by the network administrators.

10.1.1 Configuring a Default Static Route

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the static routing.

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Implementation of static routing

Considering that the user would like that the entire traffic be forwarded through the L3 (VLAN 2) interface with IPv4
10.10.0.1/30 address. In his case, a default route should be set. The next steps will indicate how to execute these configs.

config
dot1q
vlan 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
!
interface l3 DEFAULT_ROUTE-VLAN2
ipv4 address 10.10.0.1/30
lower-layer-if vlan 2
!
!
!
router static address-family ipv4 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.10.0.2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Static Routes.

10.1.2 Verifying Static Routes

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ip route
show ip route static
show ip rib
show ip rib static
show ip interface brief

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10.2 Black hole route configuration

All traffic forwarded to a black hole route is discarded. In an attack situation where a large volume of traffic is being
forwarded to a specific destination, a black hole route can be configured to discarded that traffic and avoid links in the ISP
(Internet Service Provider) network to be saturated.

10.2.1 IPv4 black hole route configuration

In the following example, address 203.0.113.30/32 is being attacked, which can lead to ISP links being saturated and
affect other customers. To avoid that, a black hole route has been configured and all traffic to 203.0.113.30 is discarded as
soon as it gets in the ISP network.

IPv4 black hole route

config
router static
address-family ipv4
203.0.113.30/32 blackhole
!
!
commit

10.2.2 IPv6 black hole route configuration

In the following example, address 2001:db8::a/128 is being attacked, which can lead to ISP links being saturated and
affect other customers. To avoid that, a black hole route has been configured and all traffic to 2001:db8::a is discarded as
soon as it gets in the ISP network.

IPv6 black hole route

config
router static
address-family ipv6
2001:db8::a/128 blackhole
!
!
commit

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10.2.3 Summarization with black hole routes

In the following scenario, the ISP has a 203.0.113.0/24 network distributed in several /30 routes for its customers. The /30
routes can not be advertised via BGP to the Internet transit link because only /24 os less specific routes are accepted by the
neighbor.

It is possible to summarize those routes and advertise only the /24 supernet containing the /30 networks. In the following
example, a black hole static route is configured and redistributed to the BGP neighbor.

When the route is advertised through eBGP, its next-hop is changed to the address in the update-source-address
parameter in the BGP neighbor configuration. The black hole route becomes a route with a valid next hop when it is
advertised.

Packets destined to customer addresses will not be discarded by the black hole route. The more specific /30 routes will be
used instead, since they have priority over less specific routes.

Summarization with black hole routes

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN100
lower-layer-if vlan 100
ipv4 address 198.51.100.2/30
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 203.0.113.254/32
!
router bgp 65500
router-id 203.0.113.254
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
redistribute static address-family ipv4
match-address 203.0.113.0/24
!
neighbor 198.51.100.1
update-source-address 198.51.100.2
remote-as 65000
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
!
router static
address-family ipv4
203.0.113.0/24 blackhole
!
!
commit

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Route summarization through black hole static routes redistribution can also be done with IPv6 routes.

10.3 VLAN Routing Configuration

By default, different VLANs do not communicate one with the other, since they are in exclusive broadcast domains. In order
to have a communication between two VLANs, it is necessary to use a router or a way of routing in the equipment itself.
Routing between VLANs allows this communication through config of L3 interfaces associated to the required VLANs. The
network associated to L3 interface is inserted in the routing table and can be accessed by other networks.

10.3.1 Configuring a Basic Routing between VLANs

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of routing between VLANs.

Implementation of routing between VLANs

Considering that the user would like to set the routing between VLAN 100 that has a L3 interface with 192.168.100.1/24
address and VLAN 200 that has a L3 interface with 192.168.200.1/24 address. The next steps will indicate how to perform
these configs.

It is possible configure secondary IPv4 address on L3 interfaces. Secondary IPv6 address is not supported.

config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/11 tagged
!
!
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/12 tagged
!
!
!
interface l3 L3-VLAN100
ipv4 address 192.168.100.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 100
!
!

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!
interface l3 L3-VLAN200
ipv4 address 192.168.200.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 200
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Routes.

10.3.2 Verifying Routes

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ip route
show ip route connected
show ip interface brief

10.4 VRF Configuration

VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) is a feature that allows different routing instances in the same equipment.

By default, DmOS has two routing tables, global and management. It is possible to create other tables configuring other
VRF instances.

To configure the VRF mgmt (VRF used exclusively for equipment management), it is necessary to configure
the mgmt interface and a default route in the mgmt VRF. By default, the mgmt VRF is already created in
DmOS.

10.4.1 Configuring VRF Lite

VRF lite is a basic version of VRF and does not support MPLS signaling. The scenario below will be used to illustrate the
config of the VRF Lite.

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Implementation of VRF Lite

There must not be communication between clients 1 and 2. Therefore, two VRFs will be configured to isolate the routing
tables and traffic between them. The following specifications will be used:

• VRF-CLI1:
Interface in VLAN 10 with IPv4 address 192.168.10.1/24
Interface in VLAN 100 with IPv4 address 192.168.100.1/24

• VRF-CLI2:
Interface in VLAN 20 with IPv4 address 192.168.20.1/24
Interface in VLAN 200 with IPv4 address 192.168.200.1/24

To create VRFs VRF-CLI1 and VRF-CLI2, just follow the configurations below.

config
vrf VRF-CLI1
description CLIENT1
!
vrf VRF-CLI2
description CLIENT2
!
commit

Then, interfaces and routes are configured and assigned to these VRFs.

config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
!
!
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5 tagged
!
!
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 tagged
!
!
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 tagged
!
!
!
vrf VRF-CLI1
!
vrf VRF-CLI2
!
interface l3 CLI1-VLAN10
vrf VRF-CLI1
ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
interface l3 CLI1-VLAN100
vrf VRF-CLI1
ipv4 address 192.168.100.1/24

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lower-layer-if vlan 100

!
interface l3 CLI2-VLAN20
vrf VRF-CLI2
ipv4 address 192.168.20.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 20
!
interface l3 CLI2-VLAN200
vrf VRF-CLI2
ipv4 address 192.168.200.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 200
!
router static
vrf VRF-CLI1
address-family ipv4
172.16.0.0/16 next-hop 192.168.10.2
172.17.0.0/16 next-hop 192.168.100.2
!
!
!
vrf VRF-CLI2
address-family ipv4
10.20.0.0/16 next-hop 192.168.20.2
10.21.0.0/16 next-hop 192.168.200.2
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying VRFs.

10.4.2 Enabling Route Leaking between VRFs

The previous scenario will be used as base. A third client is included.

Route leaking between VRFs

Client 3 has the following specifications:

• VRF-CLI3:
Interface in VLAN 50 with IPv4 address 10.1.50.1/24

Since all the clients are in different VRFs, there is no communication between them. Considering there is a requirement
that client 1 and 2 must access client 3, route leaking between VRFs must be used.

Each VRF must have a unique identifier called route distinguisher (RD). The RD is used to identify to which VRF each route
belongs, allowing as well IP address overlapping between VRFs. The following RD’s will be used:

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• VRF-CLI1: rd 1:10

• VRF-CLI2: rd 2:20

• VRF-CLI3: rd 3:50

To enable the leaking, route-targets (RT) are used. Just like RD, RTs are identifiers added to the routes so the router knows
which routes to be inserted in which VRFs. RTs can have the same format as the RD. Routes exported with a specific RT will
be imported in VRFs that have the same RT configured as import.

It will be configured leaking between VRF-CLI1 and VRF-CLI3 and between VRF-CLI2 and VRF-CLI3, so there will be possible
to Client 3 communicate with Client 1 and Client 2 as well. There will not be possible to Client 1 to communicate to Client 2
because they are not configured to import routes between them.

The route leaking between VRFs occurs with the redistribution of static routes and with the redistribution of
directly connected routes.

config
dot1q
vlan 50
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/10 tagged
!
!
!
interface l3 CLI3-VLAN50
vrf VRF-CLI3
ipv4 address 10.1.50.1/24
lower-layer-if vlan 50
!
vrf VRF-CLI1
rd 1:10
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 3:50
!
route-target export 1:10
!
!
!
vrf VRF-CLI2
rd 2:20
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 3:50
!
route-target export 2:20
!
!
!
vrf VRF-CLI3
rd 3:50
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1:10
!
route-target import 2:20
!
route-target export 3:50
!
!
!
router static
vrf VRF-CLI3
address-family ipv4
0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.1.50.2
!
!
!
!
router bgp 65500
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
vrf VRF-CLI1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute static
!
exit-address-family
!

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!
vrf VRF-CLI2
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute static
!
exit-address-family
!
!
vrf VRF-CLI3
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute static
!
exit-address-family
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying VRFs.

10.4.3 Verifying VRFs

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ip route vrf <VRF_NAME>

show ip fib vrf <VRF_NAME>

10.5 OSPFv2 Configuration

OSPFv2 (Open Shortest Path First version 2) is the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) described by the RFC 2328 (version 2) for
IPv4 routing. As it is an IGP, it is used for routing inside an AS (Autonomous System). There is no routing exchange between
ASs. It is based on Dijkstra algorithm, which calculates the shortest path to each destination based on costs each link cost.

Currently, the OSPFv2 supports networks of the point-to-point and broadcast type.

• Point to Point: Network type that only a single adjacency can be formed over the link. There is no election of DR
(designated router) or BDR ()Backup Designated Router).

• Broadcast: A router is elected as DR (Designated Router) and another is elected as BDR (Backup Designated Router).
This election is based on OSPF priorities and it is used to limit the amount of adjacencies formed in the network.
Therefore, each router on the OSPF network will only form adjacencies with these two routers, the DR and BDR.

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10.5.1 Configuring OSPFv2 in Point to Point Network

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the OSPFv2.

Point to Point implementation of OSPFv2 protocol

To configure an OSPF session in area 0 with network-type point-to-point, follow the configuration steps below:

• Equipment A: L3 Interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv4 192.168.10.1/30 address and loopback interface with IPv4
10.10.10.10/32 being used as router-id in OSPFv2 in area 0.

• Equipment B: L3 Interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv4 192.168.10.2/30 address and loopback interface with IPv4
20.20.20.20/32 being used as router-id in OSPFv2 in area 0.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/30
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 10.10.10.10
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan

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vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 192.168.10.2/30
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 20.20.20.20
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type point-to-point
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv2.

10.5.2 Configuring OSPFv2 in Broadcast Network

The scenario below will be used to demonstrate the configuration of OSPFv2 in Broadcast networks.

Broadcast implementation of OSPFv2 protocol

To configure an OSPF session in Area 0 with Broadcast network type, follow the configuration steps below:

• Equipment A: L3 Interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv4 address 192.168.10.1/29 and loopback interface with IPv4 address
10.10.10.10/32 being used as router-id in OSPFv2 in area 0. The OSPF priority configured will be 250.

• Equipment B: L3 Interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv4 address 192.168.10.2/29 and loopback interface with IPv4 address
20.20.20.20/32 being used as router-id in OSPFv2 in area 0. The OSPF priority configured will be 200.

• Equipment C: L3 Interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv4 address 192.168.10.3/29 and loopback interface with IPv4 address
30.30.30.30/32 being used as router-id in OSPFv2 in area 0. The OSPF priority configured will be 150.

• Equipment D: L3 Interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv4 address 192.168.10.4/29 and loopback interface with IPv4 address
40.40.40.40/32 being used as router-id in OSPFv2 in area 0. The OSPF priority configured will be 100.

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Because OSPF’s priorities are higher in EQUIPMENT A and B, they will be elected DR and BDR, respectively.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/29
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 10.10.10.10
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type broadcast
router-priority 250
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 192.168.10.2/29
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 20.20.20.20
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type broadcast
router-priority 200
!
interface loopback-0
!

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!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 192.168.10.3/29
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 30.30.30.30/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 30.30.30.30
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type broadcast
router-priority 150
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 192.168.10.4/29
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 40.40.40.40/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 40.40.40.40
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type broadcast
router-priority 100
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv2.

10.5.3 Configuring the area in OSPFv2

It is possible to configure different area types in OSPFv2. The areas available are normal, stub, stub no-summary, nssa,
nssa no-summary and nssa suppress-external.

It is possible to configure NSSA area with no-summary and suppress-external together.

It is not possible to configure the area type for area 0. This area always will be of NORMAL type, because it is
considered the backbone area of OSPF network.

In the example below, the area 10 will configured as stub area.

config
router ospf 1
area 10
stub
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv2.

10.5.4 Filtering received OSPFv2 routes

It may be required to limit the number of installed routes in some equipment due to hardware capacity restrictions.

In the example below, a prefix-list named allowed-prefixes is configured to allow only routes 203.0.113.0 with prefix length
between /24 and /32. When that prefix-list is applied to OSPF protocol configuration, only the specified routes are installed.
Other received prefixes are kept in the OSPF database, but are not installed in the RIB.

prefix-list allowed-prefixes
seq 10
action permit
address 203.0.113.0/24
le 32
!
!
router ospf 1
import-prefix-list allowed-prefixes

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!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv2.

10.5.5 Enabling ECMP in OSPFv2

The OSPFv2 default behavior is the installation of only one route for the same destination. If there is more than one valid
route with the same cost, only one is selected. Enabling ECMP (Equal-Cost Multi-Path), it makes OSPFv2 install more than
one route to the same destination and loads balance between the available paths.

The load-balance algorithm works in a very similar way LAG load-balancing. A hash is generated based on packet
parameters (IP addresses, UDP/TCP ports and VLAN). The hash value defines through which link the packets belonging to a
specific flow is forwarded.

In the scenario below, there are two paths with the same cost between equipment A and equipment B. When the command
maximum paths 2 is inserted in OSPF, both paths are installed in the routing table.

It is possible to enable ECMP to use up to 16 different paths if they are available.

OSPFv2 with ECMP

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/30
!
interface l3 VLAN20
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.20.1/30
!

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interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
!
router ospf 1
maximum paths 2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.10.2/30
!
interface l3 VLAN20
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.20.2/30
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
!
router ospf 1
maximum paths 2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv2.

10.5.6 Route summarization in OSPFv2

The topology below will be used to demonstrate OSPFv2 route summarization.

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Route summarization in OSPFv2

In area 0, network 203.0.113.0/24 is divided in several subnets. EQUIPMENT A will advertise all routes to area 1. To
decrease the number of routes in area 1, OSPF route summarization can be configured so only the network 203.0.113.0/24
is advertised.

In OSPF, route summarization happens only between areas. In this example, it is performed in EQUIPMENT A, which is an
ABR (Area Border Router), since it has connections in area 0 and area 1.

As shown in the configuration below, command range 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0, configured in area 0, instructs OSPF
to advertise to other areas only the network 203.0.113.0/24 and not its subnetworks.

It is recommended the use of a black hole route in EQUIPMENT A, avoiding that packets with destination to subnets that
do not exist in area 0 are forwarded. For instance, in the presented topology, if a packet with destination IP address
203.0.113.100 is routed to area 0, it will not find a more specific route and could get in a routing loop. The black hole route
discards these packets, avoiding that they are forwarded unnecessarily.

For more details on black hole routes configuration, please consult topic Black hole route configuration

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 20
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 198.51.100.1/30
!
interface l3 VLAN20
lower-layer-if vlan 20
ipv4 address 198.51.100.5/30

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!
router static
address-family ipv4
203.0.113.0/24 black-hole
!
!
router ospf 1
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
range 203.0.113.0 255.255.255.0 advertise
!
area 1
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv2.

10.5.7 Verifying OSPFv2

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ip ospf
show ip ospf neighbor
show ip ospf database
show ip ospf interface
show ip ospf detail
show ip ospf extensive
show ip ospf brief
show ip ospf database external
show ip route ospf
show ip rib ospf

10.6 OSPFv3 Configuration

OSPFv3 (Open Shortest Path First version 3) is the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) described by the RFC 2740 for IPv6
routing. As this protocol is an IGP, it is used within an AS (Autonomous System) only. It is based on Dijkstra algorithm,
which calculates the shortest path to each destination based on link costs.

Currently, the OSPFv3 supports only networks of the point-to-point type.

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10.6.1 Configuring OSPFv3 Point to Point

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the OSPFv3.

Basic implementation of OSPFv3 protocol

The parameters below are used for the following OSPFv3 configuration.

• Equipment A: L3 interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv6 2600::c0a8:a01/64 address and loopback interface with IPv6
2700::a0a:a0a/64 and IPv4 10.10.10.10/32, being used as router-id in the OSPFv3 in area 0.

• Equipment B: L3 interface in VLAN 1000 with IPv6 2600::c0a8:a02/64 address and loopback interface with IPv6
2700::1414:1415/64 and IPv4 20.20.20.20/32 being used as router-id in the OSPFv3 in area 0.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPFv3
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2600::c0a8:a01/64
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2700::a0a:a0a/64
!
router ospfv3 1
router-id 10.10.10.10
area 0
interface l3-OSPFv3
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 1000
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
switchport

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interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPFv3
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2600::c0a8:a02/64
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2700::1414:1415/64
!
router ospfv3 1
router-id 20.20.20.20
area 0
interface l3-OSPFv3
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv3.

10.6.2 Enabling ECMP in OSPFv3

The OSPFv3 default behavior is the installation of only one route for the same destination. If there is more than one valid
route with the same cost, only one will be selected. Enabling ECMP (Equal-Cost Multi-Path), it will make OSPFv3 install
more than one route to the same destination and will load balance between the available paths.

In the scenario below, there are two paths with the same cost between equipment A and equipment B. Inserting the
configuration command maximum paths 2 in OSPF, both path will be installed in the routing table.

It is possible to enable ECMP to use up to 16 different paths if they are available.

OSPFv3 with ECMP

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!

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vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2600:0:0:10::1/64
!
interface l3 VLAN20
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2600:0:0:20::1/64
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
!
!
router ospfv3 1
maximum paths 2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2600:0:0:10::2/64
!
!
interface l3 VLAN20
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2600:0:0:20::2/64
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
!
!
router ospfv3 1
maximum paths 2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying OSPFv3.

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10.6.3 Verifying OSPFv3

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ipv6 ospf

show ipv6 ospf neighbor
show ipv6 ospf database
show ipv6 ospf brief
show ipv6 ospf database external
show ipv6 route ospf
show ipv6 rib ospf

10.7 BGP Configuration

The BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) protocol is the protocol used for exchange of routing information between the AS
(autonomous-system) in Internet. Upon establishing a neighborhood with a different AS, the BGP is called eBGP (external
BGP) while when the neighborhood is established between routers of the same AS, the BGP is called iBGP (internal BGP).

10.7.1 Configuring a eBGP IPv4 Single Homed

The scenario below will be used to indicate the config of BGP protocol with IPv4 addresses in different AS, this means, eBGP.

Basic implementation of BGP IPv4 protocol

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: L3 Interface in VLAN 2000 with IPv4 192.168.20.1/30 address and loopback interface with IPv4
10.10.10.10/32 being used as router-id in BGP with local AS 20000 and remote AS 40000.

• Equipment B: L3 Interface in VLAN 2000 with IPv4 192.168.20.2/30 address and loopback interface with IPv4
20.20.20.20/32 being used as router-id in BGP with local AS 40000 and remote AS 20000.

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It is recommended to use the address of the loopback interface instead of the physical interfaces in config
of the iBGP neighborhood. On the other side the eBGP is recommended to use the addresses of the physical
interfaces instead of the loopback.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 2000
!
!
!
!
interface l3 BGP
lower-layer-if vlan 2000
ipv4 address 192.168.20.1/30
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
!
!
!
router bgp 20000
router-id 10.10.10.10
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
neighbor 192.168.20.2
update-source-address 192.168.20.1
remote-as 40000
ebgp-multihop 1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 2000
!
!
!
!
interface l3 BGP
lower-layer-if vlan 2000
ipv4 address 192.168.20.2/30
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
!
!
!
router bgp 40000
router-id 20.20.20.20
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
neighbor 192.168.20.1
update-source-address 192.168.20.2

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remote-as 20000
ebgp-multihop 1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying BGP.

10.7.2 Configuring route-maps and IPv4 prefix-lists

The configuration above will advertise every valid route present in the BGP RIB and accept any valid route received from
the neighbor. In some cases, it may be required to filter the prefixes to avoid sending or receiving unwanted routes.

The export configuration (advertise-filter) will:

• Do not advertise private routes

• Do not advertise routes with prefix length greater than /24

• Advertise routers with prefix length between /16 and /18 with ASN prepend

• Advertise the remaining routes which to not match any of the previous rules

The import configuration (receive-filter) will:

• Do not aceept private routes

• Do not accept routes with prefix length greater than /24

• Do not accept routes originated in AS 5678

• Accept remaining routes which to not match any of the previous rules

The match-as-path parameter accepts regular expressions. In following configuration, to match AS paths
starting with ASN 5678, the used regular expression is [ˆ0-9]5678$. [ˆ0-9] will not match any number on
that specific position, so a match will happen only with 5678 and not 15678, for example.

!Equipment A
config
prefix-list ipv4-private-networks
seq 10
action permit
address 10.0.0.0/8
ge 8
seq 20
action permit
address 192.168.0.0/16
ge 16
seq 30
action permit
address 172.16.0.0/12
ge 12
!
!
prefix-list ipv4-more-specific-24

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seq 10
action permit
address 0.0.0.0/0
ge 25
!
!
prefix-list ipv4-between-16-18
seq 10
action permit
address 0.0.0.0/0
ge 16
le 18
!
!
router bgp 20000
route-map advertise-filter 10
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv4-private-networks
!
route-map advertise-filter 30
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv4-more-specific-24
!
route-map advertise-filter 40
action permit
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv4-between-16-18
set-prepend-local-as 1
!
route-map advertise-filter 50
action permit
!
route-map receive-filter 10
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv4-private-networks
!
route-map receive-filter 30
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv4-more-specific-24
!
route-map receive-filter 40
action deny
match-as-path [^0-9]5678$
!
route-map receive-filter 50
action permit
!
route-policy neighbor-as4000-policy
import-route-map receive-filter
export-route-map advertise-filter
!
neighbor 192.168.20.2
route-policy neighbor-as4000-policy
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying BGP.

10.7.3 Configuring a iBGP IPv6 Single Homed

The BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) protocol is the protocol used for exchange of routing information between the AS
(autonomous-system) in Internet. Upon establishing a neighborhood with a different AS, the BGP is called eBGP (external
BGP) while when the neighborhood is established between routers of the same AS, the BGP is called iBGP (internal BGP).

The scenario below will be used to indicate the config of BGP protocol with IPv6 addresses in the same AS, this means, iBGP.

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Basic implementation of BGP IPv6 protocol

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: L3 interface in VLAN 2000 with IPv6 2800::c0a8:1401/64 address and loopback interface with IPv6
2700::a0a:a0a/64 and IPv4 10.10.10.10/32 being used as router-id in the BGP with local AS 20000 and remote AS
20000.

• Equipment B: L3 interface in VLAN 2000 with IPv6 2800::c0a8:1402/64 address and loopback interface with IPv6
2500::1414:1414/64 e IPv4 20.20.20.20/32 being used as router-id in the BGP with local AS 20000 and remote AS
20000.

It is recommended to use the address of the loopback interface instead of the physical interfaces in config
of the iBGP neighborhood. On the other side the eBGP is recommended to use the addresses of the physical
interfaces instead of the loopback.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 2000
!
!
!
!
interface l3 BGP
lower-layer-if vlan 2000
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2800::c0a8:1401/64
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2700::a0a:a0a/64
!
!
!
router bgp 20000
router-id 10.10.10.10
address-family ipv6 unicast
!
neighbor 2500::1414:1414
update-source-address 2700::a0a:a0a
remote-as 20000
ebgp-multihop 255
address-family ipv6 unicast
!
!
!

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router static
address-family ipv6
2500::/64 next-hop 2800::c0a8:1402
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 2000
!
!
!
!
interface l3 BGP
lower-layer-if vlan 2000
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2800::c0a8:1402/64
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2500::1414:1414/64
!
!
!
router bgp 20000
router-id 20.20.20.20
address-family ipv6 unicast
!
neighbor 2700::a0a:a0a
update-source-address 2500::1414:1414
remote-as 20000
ebgp-multihop 255
address-family ipv6 unicast
!
!
!
!
router static
address-family ipv6
2700::/64 next-hop 2800::c0a8:1401
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying BGP.

10.7.4 Configuring route-maps and IPv6 prefix-lists

The configuration above will advertise every valid route present in the BGP RIB and accept any valid route received from
the neighbor. In some cases, it may be required to filter the prefixes to avoid sending or receiving unwanted routes.

The following configuration will prevent EQUIPMENT A from sending or receiving private routes and routes with mask
length greater than 48. Also, EQUIPMENT A will reject routes originated from ASN 5678.

!Equipment A
config
prefix-list ipv6-private-networks
seq 10

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action permit
address fc00::/7
ge 8
!
prefix-list ipv6-more-specific-48
seq 10
action permit
address ::/0
ge 49
!
!
router bgp 20000
route-map advertise-filter 10
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv6-private-networks
!
route-map advertise-filter 30
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv6-more-specific-48
!
route-map advertise-filter 40
action permit
!
route-map receive-filter 10
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv6-private-networks
!
route-map receive-filter 30
action deny
match-ip nlri prefix-list ipv6-more-specific-48
!
route-map receive-filter 40
match-as-path [^0-9]5678$
action deny
!
route-map receive-filter 50
action permit
!
route-policy neighbor-as2000-policy
import-route-map receive-filter
export-route-map advertise-filter
!
neighbor 2500::1414:1414
route-policy neighbor-as2000-policy
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying BGP.

10.7.5 Configuring BGP Communities

BGP communities are parameters that can be added to routes advertised by BGP. These parameters can be used to perform
actions over the routes, as reject them or change their characteristics.

The topology below will be used to show how to configure BGP communities.

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Communities configuration

config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
vlan 200
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN100
lower-layer-if vlan 100
ipv4 address 192.168.84.1/30
!
!
interface l3 VLAN200
lower-layer-if vlan 200
ipv4 address 192.168.84.5/30
!
!
router bgp 27686
router-id 192.168.0.1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
neighbor 192.168.84.2
update-source-address 192.168.84.1
remote-as 3549
ebgp-multihop 1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
!
neighbor 192.168.84.6
update-source-address 192.168.84.5
remote-as 262318
ebgp-multihop 1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
!
!

Among the received prefixes from ASN 3549, prefix 203.0.0.13/24 must be marked with community 3549:1000 before being
readvertised.

Among prefixes received from ASN 262318, prefix 198.51.100.0/24 is received with community 27686:501. Prefixes received
marked with this community must be readvertised with 2 ASNs prepend.

config
prefix-list prefix-203_0_0
seq 10
action permit
address 203.0.0.0/24
!
!
router bgp 27686
route-map import-from-asn3549 10
action permit
set-community 3549:1000
match-ip nlri prefix-list prefix-203_0_0

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route-map import-from-asn3549 20
action permit
!
route-map export-to-asn3549 10
action permit
match-community 27686:501
set-prepend-local-as 2
route-map export-to-asn3549 20
action permit
!
route-policy asn3549-policy
import-route-map import-from-asn3549
export-route-map export-to-asn3549
!
neighbor 192.168.84.2
route-policy asn3549-policy
!
!

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying BGP.

10.7.6 Verifying BGP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show ip bgp
show ip bgp neighbor
show ip bgp prefixes
show ip bgp summary
show ip bgp community
show ip route bgp
show ip rib bgp
show ipv6 route bgp
show ipv6 rib bgp

10.8 VRRP Configuration

The VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) has as objective to eliminate the single point of failure, making available
one or more equipment to be gateways of a LAN if the main gateway becomes unavailable. The protocol controls the IP
addresses associated to a virtual router in which one of the equipment is elected Master and the others are elected Backup.

The VRRPv2 versions are supported (with support to IPv4 addresses, described by the RFC 3768) and
VRRPv3 (with support to IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, described by RFC 5798).

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A direct connection between the VRRP routers is recommended to increase the resiliency in case of individual
failures of the links. In these direct connections use of the RSTP or of other L2 control protocols should be
avoided.

10.8.1 Configuring a VRRPv2 to provide High-Availability

The scenario below will be used to illustrate the config of the VRRPv2 protocol to provide High-Availability.

Basic implementation of VRRP protocol

Considering that the user would like to execute the following configs:

• Equipment A: L3 interface for gateway of L2 network in VLAN 100 with IPv4 10.10.10.1/24 address. VRRP in version 2
with IP of Virtual Router 10.10.10.254, priority 250 and authentication with "password" password. Direct connection
between routers (A and B) through L3 Interface in VLAN 4000 with IPv4 192.168.40.1/30 address.

• Equipment B: L3 interface for gateway of L2 network in VLAN 100 with IPv4 10.10.10.2/24 address. VRRP in version 2
with IP of Virtual Router 10.10.10.254, priority 200 and authentication with "password" password. Direct connection
between routers (A and B) through L3 Interface in VLAN 4000 with IPv4 192.168.40.2/30 address

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
vlan 4000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 100
!
!
!
!
interface l3 EQUIP-A-to-EQUIP-B
lower-layer-if vlan 4000
ipv4 address 192.168.40.1/30
!
!
interface l3 VRRP
lower-layer-if vlan 100

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ipv4 address 10.10.10.1/24

!
!
router vrrp
interface l3-VRRP
address-family ipv4
vr-id 1
version v2
priority 250
authentication simple-text "password"
address 10.10.10.254
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 100
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
vlan 4000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 100
!
!
!
!
interface l3 EQUIP-B-to-EQUIP-A
lower-layer-if vlan 4000
ipv4 address 192.168.40.2/30
!
!
interface l3 VRRP
lower-layer-if vlan 100
ipv4 address 10.10.10.2/24
!
!
router vrrp
interface l3-VRRP
address-family ipv4
vr-id 1
version v2
priority 200
authentication simple-text "password"
address 10.10.10.254
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying VRRP.

10.8.2 Verifying VRRP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show router vrrp brief

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10.9 BFD Configuration

The BFD protocol (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) is defined by RFC 5880. It is used for fast link failure detection
between two equipment.

BFD protocol is supported only in OSPFv2.

TX and RX intervals are fixed in 300ms and the multiplier is fixed in 3. It is not possible to change them
through configuration, but they can be changed upon negotiation with the BFD neighbor.

If there is a communication failure in the link between two equipment, but the interfaces stay up, the routing protocol does
not go down immediately. Only after a timeout occurs, the protocol goes down. The timeout can take several seconds,
depending on the routing protocol configurations. While it is still up, traffic is sent through that link, and it is discarded.

When BFD is enabled in that routing protocol interface, it detects the link failure very fast, signaling to the routing protocol
that the session is down, making it to converge immediately, avoiding that packets keep being forwarded to that the link
during the failure.

10.9.1 Configuring BFD in OSPFv2

In the scenario below, there is an OSPF session between equipment A and B. The following configuration shows how to
enable BFD in this OSPF interface.

BFD with OSPFv2

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10

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ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/30

!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 10.10.10.10/32
!
router ospf 1
area 0
interface loopback 0
!
interface l3-VLAN10
bfd
session-type desired
!
network-type point-to-point
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.10.2/30
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 20.20.20.20/32
!
router ospf 1
area 0
interface loopback 0
!
interface l3-VLAN10
bfd
session-type desired
!
network-type point-to-point
!
!
!
commit

10.9.2 Verifying BFD

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show bfd session

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11 MPLS
MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching), defined by RFC 3031, based on forwarding of packets by labels. It provides allows
traffic engineering and VPNs (Virtual Private Networks). In this chapter, L2VPNs and L3VPNs configuration will be covered.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• LDP Configuration

• RSVP Configuration

• VPWS Configuration

• VPLS Configuration

• Enabling FAT in a L2VPN

• Verifying L2VPNs

• L3VPN Configuration

11.1 LDP configuration

LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) is used for label distribution in the MPLS network equipment.

A license is required for MPLS operation. For more details on how to activate it, check the topic Licenses
Configuration.

The following topology will be used to exemplify LDP configuration.

LDP Configuration

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.1/30
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
interface loopback 0

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ipv4 address 198.51.100.1/32

!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.1
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN10
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.2/30
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.2/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN10
!
!
!
commit

11.2 RSVP Configuration

The RSVP protocol is used for tunnel establishment between equipment. LDP uses the best path chosen by the IGP to
reach the destination while RSVP uses a path configured by the operator that does not necessarily follow the IGP.

A license is required for MPLS operation. For more details on how to activate it, check the topic Licenses
Configuration.

To define which path a tunnel should use, DmOS uses interface attributes called affinity. Each bit configured in that

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attribute can correspond to a particular characteristic of the the link.

In the following example, links have three possible characteristics. For each characteristic, a specific bit is used. That value
is represented in hexadecimal in DmOS.

Characteristic Binary Hexadecimal

High throughput link 00000001 0x0001

Low throughput link 00000010 0x0002

High latency link 00000100 0x0004

A link can have two or more characteristics simultaneously. For instance, a link can be of low throughput and high latency
at the same time. In that case, its attribute will be the sum of 0x2 and 0x4, resulting in 0x6.

Tunnels are unidirectional. It is necessary to configure one tunnel originating in EQUIPMENT A destined to EQUIPMENT E
and other tunnel originating in EQUIPMENT E destined to EQUIPMENT A. The tunnels will be assigned to two paths. The
primary path will pass only through links with attribute 0x1 (high throughput). If a failure occurs in the primry path, the
tunnel will be reestablished through the secondary path, which can pass through links with attribute 0x2 (low throughput).
Both paths can not pass through links with attribute 0x4 (high latency), so both paths are configured to exclude those links.

In the topology, the lowest cost path is through VLAN 15, but this link has the high latency attribute (0x4), so it has been
excluded.

RSVP with affinity

The first step is to configure interfaces and OSPF.

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
vlan 11
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
vlan 15
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
untagged
!

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!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 11
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
native-vlan
vlan-id 15
!
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.1/32
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.1/30
!
interface l3 VLAN11
lower-layer-if vlan 11
ipv4 address 203.0.113.5/30
!
interface l3 VLAN15
lower-layer-if vlan 15
ipv4 address 203.0.113.21/30
!
router ospf 1 vrf global
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN11
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN15
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
vlan 14
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 14
!
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.2/32
!
interface l3 VLAN10
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.2/30
!
interface l3 VLAN14
lower-layer-if vlan 14
ipv4 address 203.0.113.17/30
!
router ospf 1 vrf global
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10

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network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN14
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 11
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
vlan 12
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 11
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 12
!
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.3/32
!
interface l3 VLAN11
lower-layer-if vlan 11
ipv4 address 203.0.113.6/30
!
interface l3 VLAN12
lower-layer-if vlan 12
ipv4 address 203.0.113.9/30
!
router ospf 1 vrf global
area 0
interface l3-VLAN11
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN12
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 12
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
vlan 13
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 12
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 13
!
!
!

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interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.4/32
!
interface l3 VLAN12
lower-layer-if vlan 12
ipv4 address 203.0.113.10/30
!
interface l3 VLAN13
lower-layer-if vlan 13
ipv4 address 203.0.113.13/30
!
router ospf 1 vrf global
area 0
interface l3-VLAN12
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN13
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment E
config
dot1q
vlan 13
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
vlan 14
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
vlan 15
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 14
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 13
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
native-vlan
vlan-id 15
!
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.5/32
!
interface l3 VLAN13
lower-layer-if vlan 13
ipv4 address 203.0.113.14/30
!
interface l3 VLAN14
lower-layer-if vlan 14
ipv4 address 203.0.113.18/30
!
interface l3 VLAN15
lower-layer-if vlan 15
ipv4 address 203.0.113.22/30
!
router ospf 1 vrf global
area 0
interface l3-VLAN13
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN14
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN15
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!

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!
commit

It is necessary to enable RSVP in the interfaces and in OSPF.

Attribute informations of each link are advertised by OSPF. RSVP protocol defines a path and signals the tunnel based on
the OSPF information.
!Equipment A
config
router ospf 1 vrf global
mpls-te router-id loopback-0
!
mpls rsvp
interface l3-VLAN10
!
interface l3-VLAN11
!
interface l3-VLAN15
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
router ospf 1 vrf global
mpls-te router-id loopback-0
!
mpls rsvp
interface l3-VLAN10
!
interface l3-VLAN14
!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
router ospf 1 vrf global
mpls-te router-id loopback-0
!
mpls rsvp
interface l3-VLAN11
!
interface l3-VLAN12
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
router ospf 1 vrf global
mpls-te router-id loopback-0
!
mpls rsvp
interface l3-VLAN12
!
interface l3-VLAN13
!
!
commit

!Equipment E
config
router ospf 1 vrf global
mpls-te router-id loopback-0
!
mpls rsvp
interface l3-VLAN13
!
interface l3-VLAN14
!
interface l3-VLAN15
!
!
commit

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The next step is to configure the interface affinity attributes.

!Equipment A
config
mpls traffic-eng
interface l3-VLAN10
affinity-flags 0x2
!
interface l3-VLAN11
affinity-flags 0x1
!
interface l3-VLAN15
affinity-flags 0x6
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls traffic-eng
interface l3-VLAN10
affinity-flags 0x2
!
interface l3-VLAN14
affinity-flags 0x2
!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
mpls traffic-eng
interface l3-VLAN11
affinity-flags 0x1
!
interface l3-VLAN12
affinity-flags 0x1
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
mpls traffic-eng
interface l3-VLAN12
affinity-flags 0x1
!
interface l3-VLAN13
affinity-flags 0x1
!
!
commit

!Equipment E
config
mpls traffic-eng
interface l3-VLAN13
affinity-flags 0x1
!
interface l3-VLAN14
affinity-flags 0x2
!
interface l3-VLAN15
affinity-flags 0x6
!
!
commit

After RSVP has been enabled and affinity atributes have been configured, it is possible to configure the tunnels. The tunnel
configuration is performed only in the originating equipment.

There are three ways to select the path using affinity attributes. Links that do not comply with the rules configured in the
path definitaion (path-option) are not considered for tunnel establishment.

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• include-any - At least one bit of the link affinity attribute must match with the bits configured in this parameter. If the
include-any parameter value is 0, a link is valid despite its affinity attribute value.

• include-all - All bits configured in this parameter must match with the bits configured in the link affinity attribute. If
the include-all parameter value is 0, a link is valid despite its affinity attribute value.

• exclude-any - Paths that have any of the specified bits are excluded.

Two paths have been defined. The primary path HIGH-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY is established only through links that
have the attribute related to high throughput (include-any 0x1) and do not have the attributed related to high latency
(exclude-any 0x4).

Path LOW-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY can be established only through links with attribute related to low throughput (include-
any 0x2) and do not have the attributed related to high latency (exclude-any 0x4).

The path priority is defined by a number when assigned the path to the tunnel. In the configuration below, path 10 has
higher priority over path 20.

!Equipment A
config
mpls traffic-eng
attribute-set
path-option HIGH-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
affinity-flags exclude-any 0x4
affinity-flags include-any 0x1
!
path-option LOW-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
affinity-flags exclude-any 0x4
affinity-flags include-any 0x2
!
!
!
interface tunnel-te 1
destination 198.51.100.5
path 10 dynamic attribute-set HIGH-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
path 20 dynamic attribute-set LOW-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
!
commit

!Equipment E
config
mpls traffic-eng
attribute-set
path-option HIGH-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
affinity-flags exclude-any 0x4
affinity-flags include-any 0x1
!
path-option LOW-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
affinity-flags exclude-any 0x4
affinity-flags include-any 0x2
!
!
!
interface tunnel-te 1
destination 198.51.100.1
path 10 dynamic attribute-set HIGH-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
path 20 dynamic attribute-set LOW-CAPACITY-LOW-DELAY
!
commit

For examples of tunnel association to L2VPNs, consult sessions VPWS with RSVP or VPLS with RSVP.

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

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For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show mpls traffic-eng tunnel-te

show mpls forwarding-table
show ip ospf database opaque-area

11.3 VPWS Configuration

A VPWS (Virtual Private Wire Service) provides the emulation o point-to-point Ethernet services over a MPLS network.

The following topology will be used as base for the examples in this section.

Base topology for VPWS

Loopbacks:

Equipment Loopback

EQUIPMENT A 198.51.100.1/32

EQUIPMENT B 198.51.100.2/32

EQUIPMENT C 198.51.100.3/32

Addressing between PEs and P:

PE PE Intf PE Address P P Intf P Address VLAN

EQUIP A TenG1/1/1 203.0.113.1/30 EQUIP C TenG1/1/2 203.0.113.2/30 10

EQUIP B TenG1/1/2 203.0.113.5/30 EQUIP C TenG1/1/1 203.0.113.6/30 20

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!

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!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.1/30
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.1/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.1
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN10
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 20
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 20
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN20
ipv4 address 203.0.113.5/30
lower-layer-if vlan 20
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.2/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN20
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!

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!
!
vlan 20
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 20
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.2/30
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
interface l3 VLAN20
ipv4 address 203.0.113.6/30
lower-layer-if vlan 20
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.3/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.3
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN10
!
interface l3-VLAN20
!
!
!
commit

11.3.1 VPWS with LDP

VPN signalizing can happen through LDP protocol. It is necessary to establish a targeted LDP session between PEs, as show
below.
!Equipment A
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.2
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.1
!
!

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!
commit

The MTU value configured in the PW is used exclusively for signaling and must be equal among both
neighbors in the VPN. If the value of pw-mtu is not specified, the value that will be considered will be the
one specified in the AC (access-interface) that by default uses 9198 Bytes.

Configuring a PW type VLAN VPWS - Case 1

In the following topology, there is a VPNs with tagged access interfaces. The VLAN tags used used in both VPN sites are
different.

PW type VLAN configuration

Both access interfaces are tagged. It means only frames with the specified VLAN tag will be encapsulated and transported.

In this scenario, site A receives frames with VLAN tag 100 and site B received frames with VLAN tag 200. The received
frames in site A (EQUIPMENT A) from CE-A contain tag 100. The frames are forwarded to site B (EQUIPMENT B) and the tags
are replaced by tag 200 before forwarding them to CE-B. The received frames with tag 200 from CE-B are forwarded
to site A (EQUIPMENT) and have their targets replaced with tag 100 befored being forwarded to CE-A. In this way, the
communication between different VLANs in a VPN is possible.

!Equipment A
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-type vlan
pw-id 100
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
dot1q 100
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-type vlan
pw-id 100
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
dot1q 200

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!
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

Configuring a VPWS with VLAN PW type - Case 2

In the scenario below, there is a L2VPN with VLAN pw type and dot1q access interface in site A and untagged access
interface in site B.

VPWS configuration with VLAN PW type

VPN signalizing happens through LDP protocol. It is necessary to establish a targeted LDP session between PEs, as show
below.
!Equipment A
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.2
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.1
!
!
!
commit

Site A access interface is tagged and allows only frames with tag 50 to be encapsulated and transported. In site B, the
access interface is untagged.

The received frames with tag 50 from CE-A are forwarded to site B (EQUIPMENT B) and have their tags removed befored
being forwarded to CE-B. Before being forwarded to site A (EQUIPMENT A), tag 200 is added to the untagged frames
received from CE-B. Tag 200 is replaced with tag 50 in EQUIPMENT A before being forwarded to CE-A.

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!Equipment A
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER2
vpn VPN2
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-type vlan
pw-id 200
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
dot1q 50
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER2
vpn VPN2
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-type vlan 200
pw-id 200
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

Configuring a VPWS with Ethernet PW type - Case 1

In the following scenario, there is a PW type Ethernet VPN. Interfaces do not have dot1q configured. In this case, the VPN
becomes port-based. Any frame, with any VLAN tag, will be encapsulated and forwarded through the VPN.

PW type Ethernet VPN configuration

!Equipment A
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN3
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-type ethernet
pw-id 102
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!

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!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN3
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-type ethernet
pw-id 102
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

Configuring a VPWS with Ethernet PW type - Case 2

In the following topology, there is a Ethernet PW VPN. In site A, frames with several VLAN tags are expected. Site B is
connected to EQUIPMENT D, a switch configured to work only as layer 2 and encapsulate frames in S-VLAN 500. All
transported VLANs are encapsulated in VLAN 50 in site B.

Configuring PW type Ethernet VPN and QinQ

Site A must be configured with Ethernet PW type and as port-based mode. Site B must be configured with Ethernet PW type
as well and VLAN-based mode (tagged), so the 500 tag is pushed to the frame in the egress.

!Equipment A
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN4
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-type ethernet
pw-id 103
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
!
commit

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 11 MPLS

!Equipment B
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN4
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-type ethernet
pw-id 103
!
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
dot1q 500
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 500
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/20
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/20
native-vlan
vlan-id 500
!
qinq
!
!
commit

11.3.2 VPWS with RSVP

VPWS can be configured to have its traffic forwarded over RSVP tunnels. The VPN configuration is similar to the examples
in session VPWS with LDP. The only difference is that the VPWS neighbor is assigned to a tunnel.

L2VPN signaling is still performed through a targeted LDP session. Only L2VPN traffic is forwarded through
tunnels.

In the following example, tunnel 10 has been assigned to neighbor 198.51.100.2. Traffic destined to that neighbor will be
forwarded over this tunnel.
config
mpls l2vpn
vpws-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-type vlan
pw-id 100
tunnel-interface tunnel-te-10
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
dot1q 100
!
!
!
!
commit

For more details in RSVP tunnel configuration, please consult session RSVP Configuration.

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

11.4 VPLS Configuration

VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is a L2VPN service that interconnects networks in diferente sites through an IP/MPLS
network, making them in the same broadcast domain. VPLS emulates a point-to-multipoint Ethernet service.

The following topology will be used as base for the examples in this section.

VPLS topology

Loopbacks:

Equipment Loopback

EQUIPMENT A 198.51.100.1/32

EQUIPMENT B 198.51.100.2/32

EQUIPMENT C 198.51.100.3/32

EQUIPMENT D 198.51.100.4/32

Addressing between PEs and P:

PE PE Intf PE Address P P Intf P Address VLAN

EQUIP A TenG1/1/1 203.0.113.1/30 EQUIP C TenG1/1/2 203.0.113.2/30 10

EQUIP B TenG1/1/2 203.0.113.5/30 EQUIP C TenG1/1/1 203.0.113.6/30 20

EQUIP D TenG1/1/1 203.0.113.9/30 EQUIP C TenG1/1/3 203.0.113.10/30 30

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!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.1/30
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.1/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.1
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN10
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 20
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 20
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN20
ipv4 address 203.0.113.5/30
lower-layer-if vlan 20
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.2/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.2
area 0
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN20
!
!
!
commit

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!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
vlan 20
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
untagged
!
!
!
vlan 30
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 20
!
!
!
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
native-vlan
vlan-id 30
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN10
ipv4 address 203.0.113.2/30
lower-layer-if vlan 10
!
!
interface l3 VLAN20
ipv4 address 203.0.113.6/30
lower-layer-if vlan 20
!
!
interface l3 VLAN30
ipv4 address 203.0.113.10/30
lower-layer-if vlan 30
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.3/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.3
area 0
interface l3-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-VLAN30
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN10
!
interface l3-VLAN20
!
interface l3-VLAN30
!
!
!
commit

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!Equipment D
config
dot1q
vlan 30
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
untagged
!
!
!
!
switchport
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
native-vlan
vlan-id 30
!
!
!
!
interface l3 VLAN30
ipv4 address 203.0.113.9/30
lower-layer-if vlan 30
!
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 198.51.100.4/32
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 198.51.100.4
area 0
interface l3-VLAN30
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-VLAN30
!
!
!
commit

11.4.1 VPLS with LDP

VPN signalizing can happen through LDP protocol. It is necessary to establish a targeted LDP session between PEs, as show
below.
!Equipment A
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.2
!
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.4
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.1
!
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.4
!
!
!
commit

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 11 MPLS

!Equipment D
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.1
!
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.2
!
!
!
commit

The MTU value configured in the PW is used exclusively for signaling and must be equal among both
neighbors in the VPN. If the value of pw-mtu is not specified, the value that will be considered will be the
one specified in the AC (access-interface) that by default uses 9198 Bytes.

Configuring a VPLS with Ethernet PW type

A PW type Ethernet VPN is shown in the following topoly. It has port-based interfaces. Any frame arriving in the access
interfaces will be transported.

VPLS with Ethernet PW type

!Equipment A
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type ethernet
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-id 100
!
neighbor 198.51.100.4
pw-id 101
!
!
bridge-domain
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1

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vfi
pw-type ethernet
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-id 100
!
neighbor 198.51.100.4
pw-id 103
!
!
bridge-domain
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type ethernet
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-id 101
!
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-id 103
!
!
bridge-domain
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
!
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

Configuring a VPLS with VLAN PW type

The following topology has a VLAN PW type VPLS with tagged interface access (VLAN based). Only frame with the specified
VLAN tag will be transported.

As shown in section VPWS Configuration, it is possible to combine VLAN-based and port-based interfaces to
achived the desired behavior of the VPLS.

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VPLS with VLAN PW type

!Equipment A
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-id 100
!
neighbor 198.51.100.4
pw-id 101
!
!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-id 100
!
neighbor 198.51.100.4
pw-id 103
!
!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-id 101
!
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-id 103
!

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!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
!
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

Configuring a H-VPLS

Hierarchical VPLS (H-VPLS) divides a VPLS in a backbone domain and edge domains, reducing the number of PWs.

The following topology exemplifies a VPLS in which PEs establish one PW with a single main equipment, simplifying the
configuration and decresing the number of signaled PWs.

As shown in section VPWS Configuration, it is possible to combine VLAN-based and port-based interfaces to
achived the desired behavior of the VPLS.

H-VPLS

!Equipment A
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.3
!
!
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.3
pw-id 100
!
!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!

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!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.3
!
!
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.3
pw-id 100
!
!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.1
!
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.2
!
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.4
!
!
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.1
pw-id 100
split-horizon disable
!
neighbor 198.51.100.2
pw-id 100
split-horizon disable
!
neighbor 198.51.100.4
pw-id 100
split-horizon disable
!
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment D
config
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
neighbor targeted 198.51.100.3
!
!
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.3
pw-id 100
!
!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
!

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!
!
!
commit

11.4.2 VPLS with RSVP

VPLS can be configured to have their traffic forwarded over RSVP tunnels. The VPN configuration is similar to the examples
in session VPLS with LDP. The only difference is that the VPLS neighbor is assigned to a tunnel.

L2VPN signaling is still performed through a targeted LDP session. Only L2VPN traffic is forwarded through
tunnels.

In the following example, tunnel 10 has been assigned to neighbor 198.51.100.2. Traffic destined to that neighbor will be
forwarded over this tunnel.
config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type ethernet
neighbor 192.51.100.2
pw-id 100
tunnel-interface tunnel-te-10
!
neighbor 192.51.100.4
pw-id 101
!
!
bridge-domain
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
!
!
!
commit

For more details in RSVP tunnel configuration, please consult session RSVP Configuration

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

11.4.3 Enabling TLS in a VPLS

TLS (Transparent Lan Service) is used to transport L2 protocols PDUs in a VPLS. To encapsulate the PDUs in both directions
is necessary to configure the TLS in all PEs used by L2VPN.

config
mpls l2vpn
vpls-group CUSTOMER1
vpn VPN1
vfi
pw-type vlan
neighbor 198.51.100.3

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pw-id 100
!
!
bridge-domain
dot1q 50
transparent-lan-service
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
!
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L2VPN.

11.5 Enabling FAT in a L2VPN

L2VPNs are usually considered as a unique flow by LAG (Link Aggregation) hashing mechanisms, which will result in the
traffic not being balanced satisfactorily. The Flow-Aware Transport (FAT) has as objective the increase of traffic entropy by
adding a new label called Flow Label. The new label will help LAG hashing algorithm to make a more efficient load balance.

FAT can be enabled on packet reception, packet transmission or both. If the neighbor is not configured accordingly, the
VPN will be established but the FAT feature will be disabled.

In the example below, FAT is configured in a VPWS. Also it is possible to set FAT in VPLS.

mpls l2vpn
vpws-group VPWS-DATACOM
vpn VPN1
neighbor 20.20.20.20
pw-type vlan
pw-load-balance
flow-label both
!
pw-id 10
!
access-interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
dot1q 100
!
commit

11.6 Verifying L2VPN

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show mpls l2vpn hardware

show mpls l2vpn vpws-group brief
show mpls l2vpn vpws-group detail
show mpls l2vpn vpls-group brief

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show mpls l2vpn vpls-group detail

show mpls ldp database
show mpls ldp neighbor
show mpls ldp parameters
show mpls forwarding-table

11.7 L3VPN Configuration

11.7.1 Configuring a L3VPN Site-to-Site

While L2VPN provides transparent layer 2 services, in L3VPN the routing is performed by ISP equipment. Packets are
forwarded using MPLS labels. BGP is the protocol used to exchange route and label information between PEs.

Each route is identified by a route-distinguisher (RD), which must be unique for each client, allowing IP addresses
overlapping between different customers. Routes are marked with BGP communities called route-targets, which are used
to define in which VPN each route will be installed.

It is mandatory to have LDP protocol configured and running in the network to be able to use L3VPN service.

Despite the route-distinguisher format being similar to the route-target format, both are independente and
have diferente functions.

BGP is responsible for label and route exchange between PEs. It is necessary to enable the VPNv4 family in
BGP protocol.

In the following topology, two PEs (EQUIPMENT A and EQUIPMENT B) will be configured. In EQUIPMENT A, there is an
interface with IP address 192.168.10.1/24 connected to a CE (Site A). In EQUIPMENT B, there are two interfaces with IP
addresses 192.168.20.1/24 and 192.168.30.1/24, connected to another two CEs (Site B and Site C). The equipment A and
B have loopback addresses 1.1.1.1/32 and 2.2.2.2/32 repectively. The directly connected networks will be redistributed
between the PEs. The PEs are connected by gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5 interface using OSPF and LDP protocols to provide the
infrastructure for L3VPN through of AS1000.

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L3VPN Site-to-Site Scenario

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
vrf cli1
rd 1000:10
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1000:10
!
route-target export 1000:10
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 10.10.10.1/30
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-VLAN10
vrf cli1
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/24
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 1.1.1.1/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
router bgp 1000
router-id 1.1.1.1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
neighbor 2.2.2.2
update-source-address 1.1.1.1
remote-as 1000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected

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!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-OSPF
!
neighbor targeted 2.2.2.2
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
!
vlan 30
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
vrf cli1
rd 1000:10
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1000:10
!
route-target export 1000:10
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 10.10.10.2/30
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-VLAN20
vrf cli1
lower-layer-if vlan 20
ipv4 address 192.168.20.1/24
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-VLAN30
vrf cli1
lower-layer-if vlan 30
ipv4 address 192.168.30.1/24
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 2.2.2.2/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0
interface l3-OSPF
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
router bgp 1000
router-id 2.2.2.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
neighbor 1.1.1.1
update-source-address 2.2.2.2
remote-as 1000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected

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!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-OSPF
!
neighbor targeted 1.1.1.1
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L3VPNs.

11.7.2 Configuring a L3VPN Hub and Spoke

In a hub-and-spoke topology, different CEs (Hub, Site A and Site B) can access a central site but cannot communicate
between themselves directly.

In the topology below, sites A e B should have connectivity to the central site, but they should not be able to communicate
between them. Sites A e B traffic will be Always forwarded to the hub. For that to happen, it is necessary to have two VPNs,
one between the hub and site A and another between site B and the hub.

As all traffic will be forwarded to the hub, it will be able to control the routing between sites.

In the following topology, the PEs (EQUIPMENT A and EQUIPMENT B) are connected by gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5 interface and
PEs (EQUIPMENT A and EQUIPMENT C) are connected by gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6 interface using OSPF and LDP protocols to
provide the infrastructure for L3VPN through of AS1000.

L3VPN in a Hub-and-spoke Scenario

!Equipment A
config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
vlan 11
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
!
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
untagged
!
!
vlan 2000

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interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
native-vlan
vlan-id 2000
!
!
!
!
vrf cli1-A
rd 1000:20
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1000:20
!
route-target export 1000:20
!
!
!
vrf cli1-B
rd 1000:30
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1000:30
!
route-target export 1000:30
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF_A-B
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 10.10.10.1/30
!
interface l3 OSPF_A-C
lower-layer-if vlan 2000
ipv4 address 20.20.20.1/30
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-A-VLAN10
vrf cli1-A
lower-layer-if vlan 10
ipv4 address 192.168.10.1/24
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-B-VLAN11
vrf cli1-B
lower-layer-if vlan 11
ipv4 address 192.168.11.1/24
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 1.1.1.1/32
!
router static
vrf cli1-A
address-family ipv4
0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 192.168.10.2
!
!
!
vrf cli1-B
address-family ipv4
0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 192.168.11.2
!
!
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0
interface l3-OSPF_A-B
network-type point-to-point
!
interface l3-OSPF_A-C
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
router bgp 1000
router-id 1.1.1.1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
neighbor 2.2.2.2
update-source-address 1.1.1.1
remote-as 1000

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next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
!
neighbor 3.3.3.3
update-source-address 1.1.1.1
remote-as 1000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
!
vrf cli1-A
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
redistribute static
!
exit-address-family
!
vrf cli1-B
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
redistribute static
!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-OSPF_A-B
!
interface l3-OSPF_A-C
!
neighbor targeted 2.2.2.2
!
neighbor targeted 3.3.3.3
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
dot1q
vlan 20
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
!
vlan 1000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
untagged
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
native-vlan
vlan-id 1000
!
!
!
vrf cli1
rd 1000:10
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1000:10
!
route-target export 1000:10
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF_A-B
lower-layer-if vlan 1000
ipv4 address 10.10.10.2/30
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-VLAN20
vrf cli1
lower-layer-if vlan 20
ipv4 address 192.168.20.1/24
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 2.2.2.2/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0
interface l3-OSPF_A-B
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0

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!
!
!
router bgp 1000
router-id 2.2.2.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
neighbor 1.1.1.1
update-source-address 2.2.2.2
remote-as 1000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-OSPF_A-B
!
neighbor targeted 1.1.1.1
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
dot1q
vlan 30
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
!
vlan 2000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
untagged
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/6
native-vlan
vlan-id 2000
!
!
!
vrf cli1
rd 1000:30
address-family ipv4 unicast
route-target import 1000:30
!
route-target export 1000:30
!
!
!
interface l3 OSPF_A-C
lower-layer-if vlan 2000
ipv4 address 20.20.20.2/30
!
interface l3 VRF-CLI1-VLAN30
vrf cli1
lower-layer-if vlan 30
ipv4 address 192.168.30.1/24
!
interface loopback 0
ipv4 address 3.3.3.3/32
!
router ospf 1
router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0
interface l3-OSPF_A-C
network-type point-to-point
!
interface loopback-0
!
!
!
router bgp 1000
router-id 3.3.3.3
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!

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neighbor 1.1.1.1
update-source-address 3.3.3.3
remote-as 1000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
mpls ldp
lsr-id loopback-0
interface l3-OSPF_A-C
!
neighbor targeted 1.1.1.1
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L3VPNs.

11.7.3 Configuring BGP between PEs and CEs

In order to avoid the configuration of static routes in PEs (EQUIPMENT A, B and C), it is recommended to use a routing
protocol between PEs and CEs (Hub, Site A and Site B) for route distribution. In the following topology, BGP will be used.
CEs are in AS 65000 and the PEs are in AS 1000.

OSPF protocol can also be used between CE and PE for route redistribution, as shown in Configuring OSPF between PEs
and CEs.

eBGP Session between PE and CE

!Equipment A
config
router bgp 1000
router-id 1.1.1.1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast

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redistribute connected
!
exit-address-family
!
neighbor 192.168.10.2
update-source-address 192.168.10.1
remote-as 65000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
exit-address-family
commit

!Equipment B
config
router bgp 1000
router-id 2.2.2.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
!
exit-address-family
!
neighbor 192.168.20.2
update-source-address 192.168.20.1
remote-as 65000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
exit-address-family
commit

!Equipment C
config
router bgp 1000
router-id 3.3.3.3
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family vpnv4 unicast
!
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
!
exit-address-family
!
neighbor 192.168.30.2
update-source-address 192.168.30.1
remote-as 65000
next-hop-self
address-family ipv4 unicast
exit-address-family
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L3VPNs.

11.7.4 Enabling AS Override

In some scenarios, it could be necessary to change the AS PATH to avoid that the BGP loop detection mechanism discard
received prefixes. AS Override can be used for that.

router bgp 1000

vrf cli1
neighbor 192.168.30.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
as-override
exit-address-family

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!
!
commit

11.7.5 Enabling Allow AS In

Allow AS In can also be used to allow loops in AS PATH in the PE.

router bgp 1000

vrf cli1
neighbor 192.168.30.2
address-family ipv4 unicast
allow-as-in 1
exit-address-family
!
!
commit

11.7.6 Configuring OSPF between PEs and CEs

In order to avoid the configuration of static routes in PEs (EQUIPMENT A, B and C), it is recommended to use a routing
protocol between PEs and CEs (Hub, Site A and Site B) for route distribution. In the following topology, OSPF will be used.

BGP protocol can also be used between PEs and CEs for route redistribution, as shown in Configuring BGP between PEs
and CEs.

OSPF between PEs and CEs in L3VPN

To advertise routers received via MP-BGP from other PEs to CEs, redistribute bgp command must be configured in the
OSPF configuration.

To advertise routes received from CEs via OSPF to PEs via MP-BGP, redistribute ospf command must be configured in BGP
configuration.

!Equipment A
config
router bgp 1000
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute ospf
!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
router ospf 10 vrf cli1
redistribute bgp
!
area 0

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interface l3-VRF-CLI1-VLAN10
network-type point-to-point
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment B
config
router bgp 1000
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute ospf
!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
router ospf 10 vrf cli1
redistribute bgp
!
area 0
interface l3-VRF-CLI1-VLAN30
network-type point-to-point
!
!
!
commit

!Equipment C
config
router bgp 1000
vrf cli1
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute ospf
!
exit-address-family
!
!
!
router ospf 10 vrf cli1
redistribute bgp
!
area 0
interface l3-VRF-CLI1-VLAN20
network-type point-to-point
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying L3VPNs.

11.7.7 Verifying L3VPNs

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

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show mpls l3vpn vpnv4 vrf <vrf-name> brief

show ip bgp vpnv4 labels
show ip ospf neighbor brief
show ip route vrf <vrn-name>
show ip fib vrf <vrf-name> brief
show ip interface vrf <vrf-name> brief

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 12 Multicast

12 Multicast
This chapter describes the multicast protocols configuration. It contains the following sections:

• IGMP Snooping Configuration

12.1 IGMP Snooping Configuration

The IGMP Snooping (Internet Group Management Protocol) protocol analyses the packets of IGMP protocol within a VLAN
in order to discover which interfaces have interest in receiving the multicast stream. Using the information obtained by the
protocol, the IGMP Snooping reduces consumption of bandwidth in a LAN, avoiding flooding multicast traffic to devices
that do not wish to receive multicast flows.

12.1.1 Configuring IGMP Snooping in Ethernet Application

The scenario below will be used to describe a multicast application with IGMP Snooping.

Implementation of IGMP Snooping

IGMP Querier is not supported in DmOS.

In DmOS, the IGMP Snooping version must be the same IGMP version configured in IGMP Querier.

The next steps will indicate how to configure the IGMP Snooping version 2 in VLAN 10 for inspection of multicast stream
in the gigabit 1/1/1 uplink interface and in gigabit 1/1/2 and gigabit 1/1/3 access interfaces where receivers 1 and 2 are
connected.

If the IGMP version is not specified in an interface, by default IGMP Snooping version 3 is configured.

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config
dot1q
vlan 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 untagged
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 untagged
!
!
!
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
native-vlan
vlan-id 10
!
!
!
multicast igmp snooping 1
bridge-domain id 10
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 version 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/2 version 2
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 version 2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying IGMP.

12.1.2 Configuring IGMP Snooping in GPON Application

The scenario below will be used to describe a multicast application with IGMP Snooping in GPON scenario.

Implementation of IGMP Snooping in GPON scenario

Setting of a GPON service prior to application of the following configs is required. And, it is possible to
execute the config using an Ethernet interface as access interface instead of a service-port of GPON interface.

The next steps will indicate how to configure the IGMP Snooping in VLAN 3000 for inspection of multicast traffic in the
gigabit 1/1/1 interface and in ONU 1 that is set in service-port 1.

config
dot1q
vlan 3000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 tagged
interface service-port-1
!

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!
multicast igmp snooping 1
bridge-domain id 3000
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
interface service-port 1
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying IGMP.

12.1.3 Verifying IGMP

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show multicast igmp snooping groups

show multicast igmp snooping groups brief
show multicast igmp snooping groups detail
show multicast igmp snooping groups extensive
show multicast igmp snooping mrouter
show multicast igmp snooping statistics

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 13 QoS

13 QoS
The QoS (Quality of Service) is a set of mechanisms and algorithms used to classify and organize the traffic in the
network. The main objective is to assure that the services that need transmission quality in the network (latency, jitter and
bandwidth), for example: voip or multicast operate in an adequate manner.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• Congestion Control Configuration

• Traffic Shapping Configuration

• Traffic Policing Configuration

13.1 Congestion Control Configuration

13.1.1 Configuring WFQ Scheduler

The WFQ (Weighted Fair Queuing) is a scheduler that defines weights for the queues providing a bandwidth for each queue
in congestion conditions. The queue when set as SP shall consume the entire bandwidth available and only the excess will
be divided between the other queues with calculation based on the weight of each one.

The next steps will define how to set the WFQ in the gigabit 1/1/1 interface with the following specifications:

• Queue 0: weight 5

• Queue 1 and 2: weight 10

• Queue 3 and 4: weight 15

• Queue 5: weight 20

• Queue 6: weight 25

• Queue 7: SP (Strict Priority)

config
qos scheduler-profile WFQ-Profile-1
mode wfq
queue 0 weight 5
queue 1 weight 10
queue 2 weight 10
queue 3 weight 15
queue 4 weight 15
queue 5 weight 20
queue 6 weight 25
queue 7 weight SP
!
!
qos interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 scheduler-profile WFQ-Profile-1
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

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13.2 Traffic Shapping Configuration

Traffic Shapping adjusts the traffic rate through the use of a buffer, which will hold packets when they are over the allowed
bandwidth, introducing some delay.

13.2.1 Configuring Rate Limit on Interface

The Rate limit is a functionality that limits the maximum rate of traffic and the burst that an interface may output or input.

The rate inserted should be in kbps unit and the burst in KB.

The next steps will indicate how to set the Rate limit in the input with the value of 30 Mbps (30000 kbps) with burst of 2 MB
(2000 kB) and in the output with the value of 100 Mbps (100000 kbps) with burst of 2 MB (2000 kB) in the gigabit 1/1/1
interface.
config
qos interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
rate-limit
ingress
bandwidth 30000
burst 2000
!
!
egress
bandwidth 100000
burst 2000
commit

There are no troubleshooting commands for this functionality.

13.3 Traffic Policing Configuration

Policer is one of the functionalities that allow the control of traffic used over an available but finite bandwidth. It is a
mechanism of classification and control of flows according to the levels of services desired. The Policer classifies the flows
in colors (green, yellow and red) depending on policer mode configured with respective rates and burts allowing to take
different actions according to the classification made.

The burst parameters use bytes unit and the rate parameters in kbits/s unit.

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Policer supports flow, srTCM (RFC 2697), trTCM (RFC 2698) e Differentiated Service trTCM (RFC 4115) modes.
Depending on platform used some modes are not supported.

Traffic Policer can be performed based on VLAN, inner-VLAN, PCP, inner-PCP and DSCP.

13.3.1 Configuring Traffic Policing based on VLANs

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure Traffic Policer by limiting the client bandwidth using VLAN 10 for
downloading 15 Mbps (15000 kbits/s) and uploading 5 Mbps (5000 kbits/s) using burst 1 MB (1000000 bytes) by performing
the discarding of excess traffic.

config
qos policer
profile download
mode flow
parameters
cir 15000
cbs 1000000
!
stage egress
actions
red drop
!
!
profile upload
mode flow
parameters
cir 5000
cbs 1000000
!
stage ingress
actions
red drop
!
!
instance 1
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
profile download
vlan 10
!
instance 2
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
profile upload
vlan 10
!
commit

In case of client use the VLANs 10 and 20 it is possible to configure a list of VLANs using the command below:

config
qos policer
instance 1
vlan 10,20
!
instance 2
vlan 10,20
!
commit

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying QoS policers.

13.3.2 Configuring Traffic Policing based on inner VLAN

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure Traffic Policer by limiting the bandwidth of clients or services associated
to different inner-vlans in a service VLAN.

The Policer limits traffic using inner VLANs 300 to 500 and service vlan 10 for downloading 150 Mbps (150000 kbits/s)
and uploading 50 Mbps (50000 kbits/s) using burst 1 MB (1000000 bytes) by performing the discarding of excess traffic.

Access interface is ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3 and uplink interface is ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5.

config
qos policer
profile download
mode flow
parameters
cir 150000
cbs 1000000
!
stage ingress
actions
red drop
!
!
profile upload
mode flow
parameters
cir 50000
cbs 1000000
!
stage ingress
actions
red drop
!
!
instance 1
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/5
name uplink-interface
profile download
inner-vlan 300-500
vlan 10
!
instance 2
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
name access-interface
profile upload
inner-vlan 300-500
vlan 10
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying QoS policers.

13.3.3 Configuring Traffic Policing based on PCP

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure Traffic Policer by limiting the client bandwidth using PCP 5 for
downloading 15 Mbps (15000 kbits/s) and uploading 5 Mbps (5000 kbits/s) using burst 1 MB (1000000 bytes) by performing

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the discarding of excess traffic.

config
qos policer
profile download
mode flow
parameters
cir 15000
cbs 1000000
!
stage egress
actions
red drop
!
!
profile upload
mode flow
parameters
cir 5000
cbs 1000000
!
stage ingress
actions
red drop
!
!
instance 1
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
profile download
pcp 5
!
instance 2
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
profile upload
pcp 5
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying QoS policers.

13.3.4 Configuring Traffic Policing based on DSCP

The next steps will demonstrate how to configure Traffic Policer by limiting the client bandwidth using DSCP cs1 for
downloading 15 Mbps (15000 kbits/s) and uploading 5 Mbps (5000 kbits/s) using burst 1 MB (1000000 bytes) by performing
the discarding of excess traffic.

config
qos policer
profile download
mode flow
parameters
cir 15000
cbs 1000000
!
stage egress
actions
red drop
!
!
profile upload
mode flow
parameters
cir 5000
cbs 1000000
!
stage ingress
actions
red drop
!
!
instance 1
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
profile download

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dscp cs1
!
instance 2
interface ten-gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
profile upload
dscp cs1
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying QoS policers.

13.3.5 Verifying QoS policers

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

To view QoS policers counters, it is necessary to configure counters enabled in policer instances.

show qos policer

show qos policer resources

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide 14 Security

14 Security
Maintain security in the network consists in adopting access policies, monitoring of resources and protection of the
equipment to avoid undesirable attacks.

This chapter describes how to set some security functionalities and resources available in the DmOS. It contains the
following sections:

• Storm Control Configuration

• ACL Configuration

• Anti IP Spoofing Configuration

• MAC Limit Configuration

14.1 Storm Control Configuration

The Storm Control is a traffic attack control resource that avoids that the LAN ports become impacted by a broadcast,
multicast or unicast traffic attack in the physical interfaces. A traffic attack occurs when the packs overfill the LAN, creating
an excessive traffic and degrading network performance.

The value specified for traffic control is a percentage of the rated speed of the interface that can be specified
from 0 to 100 in steps of 0.01.

The 100 specification will allow that the entire set type traffic be suppressed.

14.1.1 Configuring Storm Control

The next steps will indicate how to set the Storm Control the interface gigabit 1/1/1 to suppress the broadcast traffic in 95%
of the interface, the multicast traffic in 70% and the unicast traffic in 5%.

config
switchport
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1
storm-control
broadcast 95
multicast 70
unicast 5
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Storm Control.

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14.1.2 Verifying Storm Control

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show interface utilization

show interface <interface> statistics

14.2 ACL Configuration

ACLs (Access Control Lists) have the function of permiting or denying packets, protecting the equipment against atacks or
avoiding non authorized access in network resources.

DmOS supports ingress ACLs e also ACLs specific for traffic destined to equipment CPU. It is possible to deny or permit
packets, or change packets properties.

Each hardware platform supports a maximum number of ACLs. Refer to the DmOS Datasheet to check
maximum values.

• L2 Filters: Destination and Source MAC, Ethertype, PCP, Inner-PCP, VLAN e Inner-VLAN.

• L3 Filters: L2 Filters, Destination and Source IPv4, TCP/UDP Destination Port, DSCP, IP Protocol e ToS.

14.2.1 Configuring ACL L2 to deny traffic of a VLAN

The next steps will indicate how to set a L2 ACL with priority 0 in the gigabit 1/1/1 interface denying traffic of VLAN 20 in this
interface.
config
access-list
acl-profile ingress l2 ACL-L2 priority 0
access-list-entry 0 match vlan 20
action deny
!
!
!
access-list interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 ingress ACL-L2
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying ACLs.

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14.2.2 Configuring ACL L3 to deny traffic of IPv4 Address

The next steps will indicate how to set a L3 ACL with priority 256 in the gigabit 1/1/1 interface denying traffic with 192.168.5.10
address of origin in this interface.

config
access-list
acl-profile ingress l3 ACL-L3 priority 256
access-list-entry 0 match source-ipv4-address 192.168.5.10
action deny
!
access-list interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/1 ingress ACL-L3
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying ACLs.

14.2.3 Configuring an ACL for CPU protection

Packets destined to interfaces configured in the equipment (loopacks as well l3 interfaces) are forwarded for processing in
CPU, which can lead to high processing, affecting protocol, or even allowing vulnerabilities to be exploited. For those
reasons, it is recomended the use of ACLs for CPU (control plane) protection, allowing only the required packets for
troubleshooting (i.e. ICMP, SNMP), management (i.e. SSH) and protocols establishement.

In the example below, a ACL is configured for CPU protecting based on the following criteria:

• Allow ARP packets

• Allow ICMP IPv4 packets

• Allow ICMP IPv6 packets

• Allow SSH access only for packets with source in network 10.0.0.0/8

• Allow OSPF packets (IP protocol 89)

• Allow BGP packets (port 179)

• Allow LDP packets (port 646)

• Allow Slow Protocols - LACP, EFM, and other (ethertype 0x8809)

• Allow STP (ethertype 0x4242)

• Drop the remaining packets

The ACL was configured using name control-plane-protection and it was applied using the configuration command
configuração access-list protection cpu control-plane-protection.

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Even having the desired ports permitted in the ACL, it is important that ARP and ICMP IPv6 protocol are
permitted as well, as shown in entries 10 and 30 of the following configuration.

config
access-list
protection
cpu control-plane-protection
!
acl-profile cpu l3 control-plane-protection
priority 0
access-list-entry 10
match ethertype arp
action permit
!
access-list-entry 20
match ip-protocol icmp
action permit
!
access-list-entry 30
match ip-protocol ipv6-icmp
action permit
!
access-list-entry 40
match source-ipv4-address 10.0.0.0/8
match destination-port ssh
action permit
!
access-list-entry 50
match ip-protocol 89
action permit
!
access-list-entry 60
match destination-port 179
action permit
!
access-list-entry 61
match source-port 179
action permit
!
access-list-entry 70
match destination-port 646
action permit
!
access-list-entry 71
match source-port 646
action permit
!
access-list-entry 80
match ethertype 0x8809
action permit
!
access-list-entry 90
match ethertype 0x4242
action permit
!
access-list-entry 100
action deny
!
!
!
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying ACLs.

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14.2.4 Verifying ACLs

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show acl-resources
show acl-resources brief
show acl-resources detail
show acl-resources extensive

14.3 Anti IP Spoofing Configuration

The anti-ip-spoofing functionality is a technique that consists in protecting the spoofing interfaces in the packs, avoiding
attacks of the SYN flood type, routing redirect among others.

It is possible to set rules to allow traffic of a specific IP address, all the IPV4 addresses, all the IPV6 addresses or all the IPv4
and IPv6 addresses.

This security resource is available only in OLT platform with support to the GPON technology.

For the service-port that uses the DHCP or PPPoE as authentication of GPON clients, the IP addresses will
be released automatically. This config is not necessary.

It is not possible to deactivate rules in the GPON interfaces. The rules can be applied in Ethernet interfaces
or in Service-ports of the GPON.

14.3.1 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for specific IPv4 and MAC address

The next steps will indicate how to set the anti-ip-spoofing in the gigabit 1/1/3 interface, releasing the IP traffic for the 1.1.1.1
address in service-port 2 with MAC 00:AA:10:20:30:41.

config
anti-ip-spoofing
interface service-port-2
allowed-ip ipv4 1.1.1.1 vlan 10 mac 00:AA:10:20:30:41

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Anti IP Spoofing.

14.3.2 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for specific IPv4 address

The next steps will indicate how to set the anti-ip-spoofing in service-port-2 releasing only the IP traffic for the IPv4
192.10.20.1 address.
config
anti-ip-spoofing
interface service-port-2
allowed-ip ipv4 address 192.10.20.1

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Anti IP Spoofing.

14.3.3 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for all IPv6 addresses

The next steps will indicate how to set the anti-ip-spoofing in service-port-2 releasing only the IP traffic for all the IPv6
addresses.
config
anti-ip-spoofing
interface service-port-2
allowed-ip ipv6-all
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Anti IP Spoofing.

14.3.4 Configuring Anti IP Spoofing for all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses

The next steps will indicate how to set the anti-ip-spoofing in service-port-2 releasing the IP traffic for all the IPv4 and IPv6
addresses.
config
anti-ip-spoofing
interface service-port-2
allowed-ip all

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The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying Anti IP Spoofing.

14.3.5 Verifying Anti IP Spoofing

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show allowed-ip
show allowed-ip address <IP_address>
show allowed-ip entry-type type
show allowed-ip mac <MAC>
show allowed-ip status status
show allowed-ip vlan <VLAN-ID>

14.4 MAC Limit Configuration

The MAC limit is the quantity of MAC addresses that an Ethernet interface can learn. It is possible to configure MAC Limit in
interfaces and VLANs.

14.4.1 Configuring MAC Limit on Interface

The next steps will indicate how to set MAC limit for 100 MACs addresses in the gigabit 1/1/3 interface.

config
mac-address-table
interface gigabit-ethernet-1/1/3
limit maximum 100

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying MAC Limit.

14.4.2 Configuring MAC Limit on VLAN

The next steps will indicate how to set MAC limit for 20 MACs addresses in VLAN 3000.

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config
mac-address-table
vlan 3000
limit maximum 20
commit

The available commands for troubleshooting can be found in the topic Verifying MAC Limit.

14.4.3 Verifying MAC Limit

Below are the main commands available to check the feature. If the user is at the config level, the usage of the keyword do
before the command is required.

For more details about commands output, check the Command Reference.

show mac-address-table interface <interface>

show mac-address-table interface <interface> | linnum | begin 3 | count
show mac-address-table vlan <vlan>
show mac-address-table vlan <vlan> | linnum | begin 3 | count

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DmOS - Quick Configuration Guide Legal Note

Legal Note

In spite the fact that all the precautions were taken in development of the present document, DATACOM shall not be held
responsible for eventual errors or omissions as well as no obligation is assumed due to damages resulting from the use of
the information included in this guide. The specifications provided in this manual shall be subject to changes with no prior
notification and are not acknowledged as any type of contract.

© 2020 DATACOM - All rights reserved.

Warranty

DATACOM’s products are covered by a warranty against manufacturing defects during a minimum period of 12 (twelve)
months including the legal term of 90 days, as from the date of issue of the supply Nota Fiscal (Invoice).

Our warranty is standard counter warranty, this means, for exercise of the warranty, the customer should send the product
to DATACOM Authorized Technical Assistance with paid freight. The return freight of the equipment will be DATACOM
responsibility.

To obtain additional information, see our warranty policy in https://www.datacom.com.br/en.

Telephone Number: +55 51 3933-3094

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