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Arithmetic Coprocessor, MMX, and SMID

The document discusses the arithmetic coprocessor, MMX, and SIMD. It provides: 1) Data formats for integer, BCD, and floating-point data types used by the coprocessor. 2) Key differences of the 80x87 architecture compared to others - it is an external IC that operates concurrently with the CPU to efficiently perform math and transcendental operations. 3) A table describing the instruction set of the arithmetic coprocessor, providing valid combinations and examples for arithmetic, comparison, transcendental, constant, and control instructions.

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airu mauricio
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78 views

Arithmetic Coprocessor, MMX, and SMID

The document discusses the arithmetic coprocessor, MMX, and SIMD. It provides: 1) Data formats for integer, BCD, and floating-point data types used by the coprocessor. 2) Key differences of the 80x87 architecture compared to others - it is an external IC that operates concurrently with the CPU to efficiently perform math and transcendental operations. 3) A table describing the instruction set of the arithmetic coprocessor, providing valid combinations and examples for arithmetic, comparison, transcendental, constant, and control instructions.

Uploaded by

airu mauricio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arithmetic Coprocessor, MMX, and SMID

1. Provide the data formats for different data types used by the arithmetic coprocessor, and
provide pseudo bcode to simplify the process involved in performing valid conversion to-and-
from the specific data types.

●Signed integer - 0014 FFFFFFFFFFFFFF86 DATA6 DQ -122; 64-bit integer

●Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) - 0014 00000000000000010020 DATA3 DT 10020; define 10


byte

●Floating-point - 0008 486F4200 DATA9 REAL4 2, 45E+5; single-precision

2. What are the important characteristics of the 80x87 architecture compared to the architecture
used by similar microprocessors discussed in class?

●80X87 is an external integrated circuit designed to operate concurrently with the


microprocessor.

●The coprocessor is a special-purpose microprocessor designed to efficiently execute arithmetic and


transcendental operations

●The processor executes all normal instructions and 80X87 executes coprocessor instructions.
(80X87 executes 68 different instructions)

●The microprocessor intercepts and executes the normal instruction set.

●The coprocessor intercepts and executes only the coprocessor instructions.

●Coprocessor instructions are actually escape (ESC) instructions. Used by the microprocessor to
generate a memory address for the coprocessor so the coprocessor can execute a coprocessor
instruction
3. Provide a simplified table that describes all the operations that can be performed under the
instruction set of the arithmetic coprocessor. Each row for each instruction must provide the
valid combinations and a valid example.

Arithmetic-Related FSCALE FSCALE multiplies or divides rapidly by


Operations powers of two

– value in ST(1) must be


between 2–15 and 2+15

Comparison FCOMI/FUCOMI • Compares the same manner as


Instructions (Pentium Pro-P4) FCOM with one additional
feature:
– it moves the floating-
point flags into the flag
register, as do FNSTSW
AX and SAHF

Transcendental FSIN/FCOS • Finds sine or cosine of the


Operations argument located in ST expressed
in radians (360°=2π radians), with
the result found in ST.
– values of ST must be less
than 263

Constant Operations FYL2P1 • Finds Finds Y log2 (X + 1).


• The value of X is taken from the
stack top
and Y is taken from ST(1).
• The result is found at the top of
the stack
after a pop.

Coprocessor Control FSTSW AX • Copies the contents of the control


Instructions register
to the AX register.
– not available to 8087

4. Using the reference textbook, perform the examples under 14-4, specifically: examples 14-9, 14-10,
and 14-11.

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