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History of Computer

The document provides a history of five generations of computers from 1940 to present. It describes the major technologies used in each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and artificial intelligence. Each generation is defined by the major technological advancement that enabled smaller, faster, and more capable computers.

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EZEKiel Gulifardo
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35 views4 pages

History of Computer

The document provides a history of five generations of computers from 1940 to present. It describes the major technologies used in each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and artificial intelligence. Each generation is defined by the major technological advancement that enabled smaller, faster, and more capable computers.

Uploaded by

EZEKiel Gulifardo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gulifardo,Ezekiel A.

BSME 2-A
May 26 ,2021

HISTORY OF COMPUTER

PROF. Engr.
Minerva Zoleta
First generation (1940 - 1956)
Vacuum tube
The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes as a
major piece of technology. Vacuum tubes were widely
used in computers from 1940 through 1956. Vacuum
tubes were larger components and resulted in first-
generation computers being quite large in size, taking up a
lot of space in a room. Some of the first-generation
computers took up an entire room.
The ENIAC is a great example of a first-generation
computer. It consisted of nearly 20,000 vacuum tubes,
10,000 capacitors, and 70,000 resistors. It weighed over
30 tons and took up a lot of space, requiring a large room
to house it. Other examples of first-generation computers
include the EDSAC, IBM 701, and Manchester Mark 1.

Second generation (1956 - 1963)


Transistors
The second generation of computers saw the use of
transistors instead of vacuum tubes. Transistors were
widely used in computers from 1956 to 1963. Transistors
were smaller than vacuum tubes and allowed computers
to be smaller in size, faster in speed, and cheaper to build.
The first computer to use transistors was the TX-0 and
was introduced in 1956. Other computers that used
transistors include the IBM 7070, Philco Transac S-1000,
and RCA 501.

Third generation (1964 - 1971)


Integrated Circuit or IC
The third generation of computers introduced the use of
IC (integrated circuits) in computers. Using IC's in
computers helped reduce the size of computers even more
than second-generation computers, and also made them
faster.
Nearly all computers since the mid to late 1960s have
utilized IC's. While the third generation is considered by
many people to have spanned from 1964 to 1971, IC's are
still used in computers today. Over 45 years later, today's
computers have deep roots going back to the third
generation.

Fourth generation (1972 - 2010)


Illustration of a CPU.
The fourth generation of computers took advantage of the
invention of the microprocessor, more commonly known
as a CPU. Microprocessors, with integrated circuits,
helped make it possible for computers to fit easily on a
desk and for the introduction of the laptop.
Some of the earliest computers to use a microprocessor
include the Altair 8800, IBM 5100, and Micral. Today's
computers still use a microprocessor, despite the fourth
generation being considered to have ended in 2010.

Fifth generation (2010 to present)


Hopebot
The fifth generation of computers is beginning to use AI
(artificial intelligence), an exciting technology with many
potential applications around the world. Leaps have been
made in AI technology and computers, but there is still
room for much improvement.
One of the more well-known examples of AI in
computers is IBM's Watson, which was featured on the
TV show Jeopardy as a contestant. Other better-known
examples include Apple's Siri on the iPhone and
Microsoft's Cortana on Windows 8 and Windows 10
computers. The Google search engine also utilizes AI to
process user searches.

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