Basic Terms in Algebra Second Quarter - Module 20: Mathematics
Basic Terms in Algebra Second Quarter - Module 20: Mathematics
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7
Mathematics
Second Quarter – Module 20
Basic Terms in Algebra
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module is designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be able to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Table of Contents
Lesson 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 5
What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 5
What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 7
What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 9
Lesson 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 10
What’s New - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 10
What is It - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 12
What’s More - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 16
What I Have Learned - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 17
What I Can Do - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 18
Assessment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 19
Additional Activities - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 20
Answer Key - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 21
References - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - 23
What I Need to Know
This module is designed and written for you. It is here to help you
master the basic terms in algebra. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. Lessons are arranged in the standard
sequence of the course, but the order may be different from the textbook that
you are using.
After going through this module, you are expected to illustrate and
differentiate related terms in algebra:
1
What I Know
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and answer the following questions. Write your answer in
your Mathematics notebook.
1. How many term/s does a monomial have?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
2. These are numbers that have fixed values.
A. Constants C. Terms
B. Exponents D. Variables
3. These are symbols or letters that may take one or more than one value.
A. Constants C. Terms
B. Exponents D. Variables
4. Given the expression a i b how many terms does it have?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
5. Which of the following is a polynomial that has two terms?
A. Binomial C. Trinomial
B. Monomial D. Multinomial
6. In the expression a i what is its degree?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
叀ඟ
2
a
10. Which of the following is similar to
a a a a
A. i B. C. i D.
11. Which of the following is dissimilar to the second term of the expression
a
i i
A. i a C.
B. D. i
12. What is the exponential form of
A. C.
B. D.
13. Which of the following represents an unknown numerical value?
A. Constant C. Terms
B. Exponent D. Variable
14. It is an algebraic expression with many terms.
A. Binomial C. Polynomial
B. Monomial D. Multinomial
15. How many terms does x y z i xyz x yz i x y z have?
A. B. a C. 5 D. 6
3
Basic Terms in Algebra
What’s In
4
Did you get the correct answer? If not, don’t worry because I will bring
you into the world of many treasures.
Algebra has its own language of symbols. Like any other language, first,
you have to learn the basic vocabulary and correct ways to structure
sentences, or, in this case, equations, before it will all start making sense.
Once you do understand it, you will find that this is a useful language to know.
Once we are familiar with expressions, equations, and formulas, we
can arrange them into different forms and evaluate them to calculate things.
We don’t just rearrange them to improve our equations but there’s actually a
reason for it. The skills of rearranging and evaluating expressions will be
called upon in almost every Math class you ever take, and therefore, it would
necessary for you to master it.
What’s New
5
Let’s begin…
VARIABLE
COEFFICIENT
TERMS EXPONENT
CONSTANT
ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIONS
C G H J K L O I U Y T D F G H E R F G H
J K C V B N M K J H G F D S A S D Q W E
R T Y Y U I O P A S D F G H J K L A S D
F F G H J J K L Z X C V B N M A S D F G
H H J K L Q W E R C T Y U I O O P A S D
V C V B A S D F G O Q W E R T Y U C C V
A L G E B R A I C E X P R E S S I O N S
R Q W E R T Y U U F T Y U I O P S N F G
I G H J K L Q W E F R T Y U I O P S A S
A D F G H J K L A I A S D F G H J T J K
B Q W E R T Y U I C A S D F G H J A C V
L X C V B N M A S I S D F G H J K N Z X
E Q W E R T Y U I E X P O N E N T T U I
R T Y U I O O P Q N A S D F G H J K L A
A S D F G H J K L T E R M S W E R T Y U
Q W E R T Y U I O P A S D F G H J K L Z
Z X C V B N M A S D F G H J K L P O I U
A S D F G H J K L Q W E R T Y U I O P Z
Z X C V B N M Q W E R T Y U I O P A S D
F G H J K L Z X C V B N M Q W E R T Y U
6
You did it! Congratulations!
Let us define each word to help you understand better.
What Is It
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Activity 3: Fill My Emptiness!
Let’s Find Out: What are the missing terms?
Let’s Use These Materials: Math Notebook and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way: Below are arithmetic statements with missing terms.
Find the missing terms to complete it. Write the answer in your Mathematics
notebook. Number 1 is done for you.
1. 5 + 0 = 5 4. 1 + = 5
2. + 1 = 5 5. + 6 = 5
3. + 3 = 5
+ =5
x + y = 5
In the last expression, x and y may take values from the set of integers
that make the statement true.
There is an infinite number of values that can take the places of x and y.
These letters are called variables and the number 5, which remains
unchanged, is called constant.
Consider the expression
a 悔
The numbers 4, 3 and 2 are constants.
The letters x and y are variables. These variables may represent
elements of the set of real numbers.
The term a means 4 times x and times x. It can also be written as
a , a , or a 悔 The dots and parentheses ( ) separate
constants and variables and also serve as multiplication signs.
a
The expression can be written as 悔
base exponent
8
Similarly, can be written as . The variables x is the base and the
number 3 is the exponent. The exponent tells how many times the base is used as
a factor.
Examples
What’s More
9
Lesson
Classifying Algebraic Expressions
2
What’s New
Let
+ Represent (1) + Represent (x)
+ Represent ( )
i Represent (i )
10
I will do it first and the remaining numbers will be yours.
Now,
+
+ Represent (x)
+ Represent (1)
2 tiles of +
5 tiles of +
1 tiles of +
Therefore, can be
modelled as
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
11
It’s your turn!
1. a 4. i i
2. i 5. i i
3. a a
What Is It
Remember:
Examples:
12
Now, we will classify an algebraic expression according to the number
of its terms.
Examples:
Monomial
SUMMARY
Kinds of Polynomial according to the number of terms
Monomial polynomial with only one term
Binomial polynomial with two terms
Trinomial polynomial with three terms
Multinomial polynomial with four or more terms
13
Degree of Polynomials
Leading Term. The numerical coefficient of the leading term is called the Leading
Coefficient.
Examples
1. a i a
14
The highest sum of the exponents among the terms is 9. Therefore, the
degree of the polynomial is 9. You can also say that it is a ninth-degree
polynomial.
Terms with the same literal coefficients of the same degree are called
similar terms, while the terms that have different literal coefficients and
degree are called dissimilar terms.
Note:
In determining similar and dissimilar terms, the numerical coefficient does not
matter.
Examples:
Remember
Polynomial
Polynomial
Coefficient
Monomial
Trinomial
Binomial
Leading
Not a
1. x xy y 1 3
2. x
3. a b c da
x
4.
5. x xy y
16
What I Have Learned
1. Symbols or letters that may take one or more than one value is
called____________.
2. Numbers that have fixed values refers to a ___________.
3. A/An _________ is constant, a variable, or a product or a quotient of
constants and variables. These are separated by the symbols + and -.
4. A/An _________ is a variable, a constant, or a combination of both
which may be related by any of the four fundamental operations.
5. Algebraic expression where each term is a constant, a variable or a
product of a constant and variable is called ___________.
6. A/An ____________ is a symbol or a number at the upper right hand
corner of a variable, constant, or expression. It indicates the number of
times the variable, constant, or expression is used as a factor.
7. The variable, constant, or expression on which the exponent is applied
is called the _________.
8. The ______________ is the constant factor in a monomial.
9. The ______________ is/are the variable factor/s in a monomial.
10. A __________ is an algebraic expression which has only one term.
17
What I Can Do
Activity 8: Do Me A Favor!
Let’s Find Out: How to apply the basic terms in Algebra?
Let’s Use These Materials: Mathematics notebook and pen.
Let’s Do It This Way: Explain and discuss the given situations below. Write
your answer in your Mathematics notebook.
a
1. Explain why the polynomial is i has a degree 3 and not
4.
2. Is the sum of the degrees of the terms of a binomial never, sometimes,
or always equal to the degree of the binomial?
3. Write a polynomial modeled by the algebra tiles below.
+ +
+ + +
+ +
18
Assessment
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and answer the following questions. Write your answer on
your Mathematics notebook.
a
1. Which of the following is similar to
a a a a
A. i B. C. i D.
2. Which of the following is dissimilar to the second term of the expression
a
i i 悔
A. i a B. C. D. i
19
11. Which of the following is a polynomial with two terms?
A. Binomial C. Trinomial
B. Monomial D. Multinomial
12. In the expression a i what is its degree?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
For numbers 13-15, refer to the expression given below
叀ඟ
13. Which is/are the exponent/s?
A. a and b B. 1 C. 3 D. 4
14. Which is/are variable/s?
A. a and b B. 1 C. 3 D. 4
15. Which is/are numerical coefficients?
A. a and b B. 1 C. 3 D. 4
Additional Activities
according to
according to
polynomials
polynomials
the degree
Coefficient
the no. of
Leading
Degree
Kind of
Kind of
terms
Algebraic Expression
x3 + 4
2x2 + x – 5
Congratulations!
You have successfully completed this module.
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Answer Key
Lesson 1
21
Lesson 2
22
References
Books
Julieta G. Bernabe, Elementary Algebra (Textbook for First Year),SD Publications Inc.
2009, 82-86.
Marilou C. Geruela et. al., Mathematics for the 21st Century Learner, Diwa Learning
Center Systems Inc. 2015, 130-132
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