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FALLSEM2020-21 CSE3002 ETH VL2020210106410 Reference Material I 26-Sep-2020 6.5 JSON

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17 views20 pages

FALLSEM2020-21 CSE3002 ETH VL2020210106410 Reference Material I 26-Sep-2020 6.5 JSON

Uploaded by

asmit gupta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JSON

Introduction
• JSON is a light-weight alternative to XML for data-interchange
• JSON = JavaScript Object Notation
• JSON is a syntax for storing and exchanging data.
• JSON is text, written with JavaScript object notation.
• It’s really language independent
• most programming languages can easily read it and instantiate objects or
some other data structure
Why use JSON?
• Since the JSON format is text only, it can easily be sent to and from a
server, and used as a data format by any programming language.

• JavaScript has a built in function to convert a string, written in JSON


format, into native JavaScript objects:

• JSON.parse()
Uses of JSON
• It is used while writing JavaScript based applications that includes
browser extensions and websites.
• JSON format is used for serializing and transmitting structured data
over network connection.
• It is primarily used to transmit data between a server and web
applications.
• Web services and APIs use JSON format to provide public data.
• It can be used with modern programming languages.
Features of JSON
• Easy to use - JSON API offers high-level facade, which helps you to simplify
commonly used use-cases.
• Performance - JSON is quite fast as it consumes very less memory space,
which is especially suitable for large object graphs or systems.
• Free tool - JSON library is open source and free to use.
• Doesn't require to create mapping - Jackson API provides default mapping
for many objects to be serialized.
• Clean JSON - Creates clean, and compatible JSON result that is easy to
read.
• Dependency - JSON library does not require any other library for
processing.
Exchanging Data
• When exchanging data between a browser and a server, the data can
only be text.
• JSON is text, and we can convert any JavaScript object into JSON, and
send JSON to the server.
• We can also convert any JSON received from the server into JavaScript
objects.
• This way we can work with the data as JavaScript objects, with no
complicated parsing and translations.
Sending Data
• If you have data stored in a JavaScript object, you can convert the object into JSON, and
send it to a server:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Convert a JavaScript object into a JSON string, and send it to the server</h2>
<script>
var myObj = { name: "John", age: 31, city: "New York" };
var myJSON = JSON.stringify(myObj);
window.location = "demo_json.php?x=" + myJSON;
</script>
</body>
</html>
Receiving Data
• If you receive data in JSON format, you can convert it into a JavaScript
object:

var myJSON = '{"name":"John", "age":31, "city":"New York"}';


var myObj = JSON.parse(myJSON);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = myObj.name;
Storing Data
• When storing data, the data has to be a certain format, and
regardless of where you choose to store it, text is always one of the
legal formats.
• JSON makes it possible to store JavaScript objects as text.
// Storing data:
myObj = {name: "John", age: 31, city: "New York"};
myJSON = JSON.stringify(myObj);
localStorage.setItem("testJSON", myJSON);
// Retrieving data:
text = localStorage.getItem("testJSON");
obj = JSON.parse(text);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = obj.name;
JSON Syntax
• JSON syntax is derived from JavaScript object notation syntax:
• Data is in name/value pairs
• Data is separated by commas
• Curly braces hold objects
• Square brackets hold array
JSON Data - A Name and a Value

• JSON Data - A Name and a Value


• JSON data is written as name/value pairs.
• A name/value pair consists of a field name (in double quotes),
followed by a colon, followed by a value:
• "name":"John“

JSON - Evaluates to JavaScript Objects


• The JSON format is almost identical to JavaScript objects.
• In JSON, keys must be strings, written with double quotes:
• { "name":"John" }
JSON Values
• In JSON, values must be one of the following data types:
• a string
• a number
• an object (JSON object)
• an array
• a boolean
• null
• In JavaScript values can be all of the above, plus any other valid JavaScript expression, including:
• a function
• a date
• undefined
• In JSON, string values must be written with double quotes:
JSON Values Examples
JSON
• { "name":"John" }

• In JavaScript, you can write string values with double or single quotes:

JavaScript
• { name:'John' }
JSON vs XML
• Both JSON and XML can be used to receive data from a web server.
• The following JSON and XML examples both define an employees
object, with an array of 3 employees:
JSON Example
• {"employees":[
{ "firstName":"John", "lastName":"Doe" },
{ "firstName":"Anna", "lastName":"Smith" },
{ "firstName":"Peter", "lastName":"Jones" }
]}
XML Example
• <employees>
<employee>
<firstName>John</firstName> <lastName>Doe</lastName>
</employee>
<employee>
<firstName>Anna</firstName> <lastName>Smith</lastName>
</employee>
<employee>
<firstName>Peter</firstName> <lastName>Jones</lastName>
</employee>
</employees>
Why JSON is Better Than XML?

• XML is much more difficult to parse than JSON.


• JSON is parsed into a ready-to-use JavaScript object.
Application of JSON
• Here are some common applications of JSON:
 Helps you to transfer data from a server
 JSON format helps transmit and serialize all types of structured data.
 Allows you to perform asynchronous data calls without the need to do a page refresh
 Helps you to transmit data between a server and web applications.
 It is widely used for JavaScript-based application, which includes browser extension
and websites.
 You can transmit data between the server and web application using JSON.
 We can use JSON with modern programming languages.
 It is used for writing JavaScript-based applications that include browser add-ons.
 Web services and Restful APIs use the JSON format to get public data.
Disadvantages of JSON
• Here are few advantages of JSON:
• No namespace support, hence poor extensibility
• Limited development tools support
• No support for formal grammar definition

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