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033 FLIGHT PLANNING&MONITORING Sample

The document discusses various topics related to flight planning and navigation for IFR flights. It covers restricted airspaces, minimum altitude and safe altitude requirements, altitude corrections using pressure and temperature, semi-circular rules for flight levels, airport information from charts, and basic radio navigation aids. Formulas are also provided for calculating time of climb, air distance, ground distance, and distances/times between points.

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Roman Kovalenko
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286 views4 pages

033 FLIGHT PLANNING&MONITORING Sample

The document discusses various topics related to flight planning and navigation for IFR flights. It covers restricted airspaces, minimum altitude and safe altitude requirements, altitude corrections using pressure and temperature, semi-circular rules for flight levels, airport information from charts, and basic radio navigation aids. Formulas are also provided for calculating time of climb, air distance, ground distance, and distances/times between points.

Uploaded by

Roman Kovalenko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ATPL (A)

Review Worksheets

033 FLIGHT PLANNING


& MONITORING

BY KDMN
2020
I/VFR NAVIGATION
01 RADIO NAVIGATION CHART
a) RESTRICTED AIRSPACES:

➔ P area: strictly prohibited to air traffic.


➔ R area: restricted area, subject to certain condition.
➔ D area: danger area.

b) MINIMUM HEIGHT:

➔ Over high-density area: 1000ft above the highest obstacle in a 600m radius around the a/c.
➔ Otherwise, 500 ft above ground level or water level.

c) MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE MSA:

➔ If obstacle height ≤ 5000ft -> obstacle clearance is 1000ft.

➔ If obstacle height > 5000ft -> obstacle clearance is 2000ft.


➔ Shown by a magenta color on chart: 43=4300ft, within a rectangle.

➔ On VAC, MSA is represented by (upper right corner on the VAC chart):

d) ALTITUDE CORRECTION:

➔ From pressure: 1 HPa=28 ft or 30ft.


Ex1: Aerodrome Altitude = 2000 ft, QNH = 993. Δ(HPa) = 1013 – 993 = 10. Δ(ft)= 300ft -> PA =
2000 + 300 = 2300ft.
Ex2: Aerodrome Altitude = 2000ft QNH = 1023. Δ(HPa) = 1013 – 1023 = -10. Δ(ft)= -300ft ->
PA = 2000 - 300 = 1700ft.
To know if you have to add/subtract Δ(HPa), draw a schema knowing that pressure decreases
with altitude.

PA = 2300ft 2000ft
QNH = 993

1013
➔ From temperature: Ztrue=Zindicated + 4ft/1000ft/1°CΔISA. “The warmer the higher, the colder the
lower”
Ex: Zindicated= 6500ft, T°C = 0°, ΔISA=-2°C
‘’-‘’ because colder than ISA
➔ Ztrue = 6500 – 4ftx6.5x2 = 6448ft

Height Altitude Pressure altitude (FL)

QFE

QNH
1013.25HPa

e) SEMI-CIRCULAR RULE IN VFR:

➔ Above 3000ft QNH or above Transition Altitude, we flight in Flight Level FL according to the
semi-circular rule.
➔ On a given chart, the transition altitude TA is the altitude above which we flight at FL.
➔ On a given chart, the transition level TL is the level below which we flight at an altitude.
➔ We choose a FL according to the Magnetic Track the pilot follows.

359°

0°
FL
45 FL
« EVEN » 65 35
85 55
105 75
125 « ODD »
95
… 115
135
180° …

179°

• Information for Airports:


Airport ID
XXXX
xxxxxx Airport name
350 124.25 22

Length of the longest rwy 22 = 2200m


Elevation
Frequency
f) RADIO NAVIGATION:
➔ VOR : gives outline of the position, oriented from magnetic north

➔ DME: gives outline of the distance.

02 ROUTES – DISTANCES – TIMES

Time of Climb (min) = H/ROC H : height in ft,


ROC : Rate of climb in ft/min,
Dair = 100 x H / ϒ GS: Ground speed in kt,
TAS: True Air speed in kt,
DGND = Dair x GS/TAS
Dair: air distance in NM
DGND = Hx GS / (ROCx60) DGND: ground distance in NM

➔ For distance, time, use Ground speed.


a) TOP OF CLIMB TOC AND TOP OS DESCENT TOD:

TOP TOD

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