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VMI Catalogue 2019 2020

This document provides contact information for various departments at VMI, including the Dean of Faculty, Registrar, Director of Admissions, Commandant, Financial Aid Officer, and others. Phone numbers are provided for prompt attention to questions about academic policy, records, admissions, student health, athletics, and more. The area code for all phone numbers is listed as 540.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

133 views171 pages

VMI Catalogue 2019 2020

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2019-2020 Academic Catalogue

Correspondence
For prompt attention it is suggested that correspondence or calls be directed as
follows: Area code for all numbers is 540
Academic Policy—Dean of the Faculty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7212
Academic Records—The Registrar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7213
Admissions—Director of Admissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7211 or Toll Free 1-800-767-4207 (Admissions related calls only)
Affirmative Action—AA/EEO Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7322
Alumni Affairs—Senior Executive Vice-President, VMI Alumni Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7221
Bookstore—Keydet Bookstore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7637
Business Matters, Construction, Maintenance—Deputy Superintendent (Finance Administration and Support) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7321
Calendar—Office of the Chief of Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7104
Commandant—Commandant’s Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7313
Contacting Cadets—VMI Visitor Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7306
Financial Aid—Financial Aid Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7208
Financial Matters—Student Accounting (Tuition, Room/Board, Fees) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7217
Foundation—Executive Vice-President, The VMI Foundation, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7287
General Policy, Emergency Absences, and Discipline—The Commandant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7313
Health of Cadets—Institute Physician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7218
Intercollegiate Athletics—Director of Intercollegiate Athletics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7251
Intercollegiate Athletic Tickets—Ticket Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7266
International Programs—Director of International Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7421
Miller Academic Center (MAC)—Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7661
Parents Council—Parents Council Liaison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7072
Parents Weekend, and Related Matters—Office of the Chief of Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7104
Public Information and News—Communications and Marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7207
Robert A. Marr School of Continuing Engineering Education (records)—Registrar’s Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7213
Sports Information and News—Intercollegiate Athletic Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7253
Summer School/Summer Transition—Director of the Summer Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7319
Student Accounting—Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7217
Title IX Coordinator—Inspector General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7072
VMI Research Laboratories—Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7247
Vocational Placement of Cadets and Graduates—Director of Career Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-7560
For more information on attending VMI visit: www.vmi.edu or call 1-800-767-4207

Non-discrimination Statement
The Virginia Military Institute is committed to providing an environment that em- testified or otherwise participated in enforcement of General Order 16. Questions
phasizes the dignity and worth of every member of its community and that is free regarding discrimination prohibited by Title IX of the Education Amendments
from harassment and discrimination based on race, sex, color, national origin, of 1972, or other federal law, may be referred to the VMI Inspector General and
religion, age, veteran status, sexual orientation, pregnancy, genetic information, Title IX Coordinator, 212 Carroll Hall, VMI, Lexington, VA 24450, (540) 464-7072.
against otherwise qualified persons with disabilities, or based on any other status Any cadet or prospective cadet having questions about disability services for
protected by law. In pursuit of this goal, any question of impermissible discrimi- students should contact the Director of the Center for Cadet Counseling and
nation on these bases will be addressed with efficiency and energy and in accor- Disability Services, 448 Institute Hill, 2nd floor, Post Infirmary, Lexington, Va.
dance with VMI General Order 16. General Order 16 also addresses complaints or 24450, (540) 464-7667. For employment-related disability services, contact the
reports of retaliation against those who have opposed prohibited practices, those Americans with Disabilities Act Coordinator in the VMI Human Resources Office,
who have filed complaints or reports of prohibited practices, and those who have Lexington, VA 24450, (540) 464-7322.

The Mission
The Virginia Military Institute believes that the measure of a college lies in the quality engineering, science, and the arts—conducted in, and facilitated by, the unique VMI
and performance of its graduates and their contributions to society. system of military discipline.
Therefore, it is the mission of the Virginia Military Institute to produce educated
and honorable men and women, prepared for the varied work of civil life, imbued with
love of learning, confident in the functions and attitudes of leadership, possessing a
high sense of public service, advocates of the American Democracy and free enterprise
system, and ready as citizen-soldiers to defend their country in time of national peril.
To accomplish this result, the Virginia Military Institute shall provide qualified
young men and women an undergraduate education of the highest quality—embracing

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Institute Calendar 2019-2020
Critical Dates and Academic Calendar

First Semester—2019
New Cadets matriculate (Cameron Hall) ��Sat, 17 Aug Homecoming Weekend ��Fri-Sat, 1-2 Nov
Old Corps returns��Sun (2200), 25 Aug Founders Day (No classes)��Mon, 11 Nov
Registration��Mon, 26 Aug Ring Figure�� Fri, 22 Nov
Classes begin��Tue, 27 Aug Thanksgiving Furlough�� Sat (CMD)-Mon (2200), 23 Nov-2 Dec
Last day for curriculum and course changes ��Tue, 3 Sep Classes end �� Wed, 11 Dec
1st Fall Reunion Weekend��Fri-Sat, 20-21 Sep Reading Day��Thur, 12 Dec
Reunion Weekend ��Fri-Sat, 27-28 Sep Exams��Fri-Wed, 13-18 Dec
Parents Weekend�� Fri-Sun, 11-13 Oct December Joint Commissioning Ceremony��Tue, 17 Dec
Fall FTX��Fri (CAD)-Sun, 25-27 Oct December Commencement ��Wed, 18 Dec
2nd Fall Reunion Weekend��Fri-Sat, 1-2 Nov Christmas Furlough begins �� Wed (CAD), 18 Dec

Second Semester—2020
Christmas Furlough ends�� Mon (2200), 13 Jan Classes end ��Mon, 4 May
Registration��Tue, 14 Jan Reading Day�� Tue, 5 May
Classes begin��Wed, 15 Jan Exams��Wed-Mon, 6-11 May
Last day for curriculum and course changes ��Wed, 22 Jan Institute Awards Ceremony�� Thur, 14 May
Spring Furlough �� Thur (CAD)-Sun (2200), 12-22 Mar Graduation Parade�� Thur, 14 May
Spring FTX �� Fri (CAD)-Tue, 3-7 Apr Baccalaureate�� Thur, 14 May
Easter Break�� Fri (CAD)-Mon (2200), 10-13 Apr Commissioning Ceremony�� Fri, 15 May
1st Spring Reunion��Mon-Tue, 20-21 Apr New Market Day Ceremony�� Fri, 15 May
2nd Spring Reunion Weekend��Fri-Sat, 24-25 Apr Commencement�� Sat, 16 May

Class Changes:

First Semester: Second Semester:

Monday classes meet on Wednesday, 4 September Monday classes meet on Wednesday, 5 February
No classes (Founder’s Day), Mon, 11 November No classes (FTX), Monday & Tuesday, 6-7 Apr
Monday classes meet on Tuesday, 12 November Tuesday classes meet on Thursday, 9 April
No classes (Easter Break) on Monday, 13 Apr
Note: Dates are subject to change.

The Institute
An Education for Leadership in the 21st Century
Even in a world of change, some things never change. Society will always need For the individual who wants an undergraduate experience more complete and
educated and honorable men and women. And men and women will always need to transformative than an ordinary college or university can provide and more versatile in
lead lives of meaning and usefulness to others. its applications than a military service academy affords, VMI offers a superb education.
Established in 1839, VMI has shaped leaders, and individuals whose daily lives reflect Its efficacy is well demonstrated by generations of VMI graduates. Among the alumni
the integrity, fairness, and appreciation for the value of work that is instilled here. of VMI are: a Nobel Prize winner, eleven Rhodes Scholars, seven Medal of Honor recipi-
The sense of mission at VMI is at the foundation of the Institute’s tradition, teaching, ents, a Pulitzer Prize winner, college presidents and generals and flag officers.
and administration. It is alive in each cadet from the youngest Rat to the First Captain. No other college in America is so attentive to and so proud of its product:
Their pursuits, and now your pursuits, marked by words such as Honor, Character, and citizen-soldiers prepared both for civilian leadership in their professions and for
Wisdom, may seem romantic, even archaic, but they are, in fact, timeless and never military leadership in times of national need. VMI graduates have made distinguished
needed more than now.

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contributions both in the military and in fields as diverse as business, engineering, work in close association with fellow cadets, respect for the rights of others becomes
international affairs, medicine, and public policy, often at remarkably young ages. their way of life and leads to a strong bond of loyalty.
VMI’s multi-faceted program is designed to instill in each cadet the lifelong values
of integrity, devotion to duty, self-discipline, and self-reliance. Because cadets live and

Cadet Development Goals

Graduates of the Virginia Military Institute will:
Understand:
»» The responsibilities of the Citizen-Soldier and the application of a broad liberal education in the arts, sciences and engineering to those responsibilities.
»» The ideals of the American Constitution and the responsibilities of service to the Nation and its defense.
»» The values and ethical standards of commissioned service to the Nation.

Demonstrate:
»» The ability to anticipate and respond effectively to the uncertainties of a complex and changing world.
»» Intellectual curiosity, imagination, and creativity.
»» The ability to recognize moral issues and apply ethical considerations in decision making.
»» The ability to act rationally and decisively under pressure.
»» Mastery of the basic military skills required for entry into commissioned service.
»» A commitment to physical fitness and wellness, including the physical skills required for entry into commissioned service.
»» The ability to understand and apply the art and science of leadership to inspire, motivate, and develop subordinates, accomplish organization goals, and lead in a
complex and changing world.

Historical Development
Before its formation as an institution of higher education in 1839, VMI’s site was and valor of the New Market Cadets in formal ceremonies held at the Institute yearly
occupied by an arsenal, one of three in the State of Virginia. on May 15. Union forces shelled and burned on June 12, 1864. The efforts of General
In 1834, several of Lexington’s leading citizens, including attorney John Thomas Smith and dedicated members of the faculty allowed the Institute to reopen on October
Lewis Preston, proposed that the arsenal be transformed into a military college so the 17, 1865.
cadets could pursue educational courses while protecting the stand of arms. The plan The devoted service of the thirteen Superintendents who have followed General
led to legislation establishing the Virginia Military Institute. Smith has enabled the Institute to strengthen its position as a uniquely valuable source
It was Preston, generally credited for conceiving the idea of VMI, and later one of of honorable and dedicated citizen-soldiers for the commonwealth and the nation.
the original members of the faculty, who gave the new institution its name: “Virginia—a Today’s superintendent, Gen. J.H. Binford Peay III ’62, brings to the Institute the
State institution, neither sectional nor denominational. Military—its characteristic valuable skills and perspectives he developed during a long military career, including
feature. Institute—something different from either college or university. The three service as vice chief of staff for the U.S. Army and as commander-in-chief of United
elements thus indicated are the basis of a triangular pyramid, of which the sides will States Central Command.
preserve their mutual relation to whatever height the structure may rise.” The first Among VMI graduates are General of the Army George C. Marshall, Class of 1901,
president of the Board of Visitors was Colonel Claudius Crozet, a graduate of Ecole the World War II Army Chief of Staff, architect of the Marshall Plan and Nobel Peace
Polytechnique and former faculty member at West Point, who was the state engineer of Prize winner, and Jonathan M. Daniels, Class of 1961, murdered during the Civil Rights
Virginia at the time of his election to the board. struggles of the 1960s and named a martyr of the Episcopal Church for his sacrifice.
On November 11, 1839, 23 young Virginians were mustered into the service of the Early in VMI history, Colonel Preston declared that the Institute’s unique program
State and, in a falling snow the first cadet sentry, John B. Strange, relieved the old would produce “fair specimens of citizen-soldiers,” and this observation has been
arsenal guard. To this day cadets perform guard duty and serve the state as a military substantiated by the service of VMI graduates in peace and war. Since the Institute was
corps, as the first Corps of Cadets did. founded, VMI alumni have fought in every war involving the United States, starting with
Professor (later Major General) Francis H. Smith, a graduate of the United States the Mexican War just four years after VMI graduated its first class.
Military Academy, was named the first Superintendent of VMI and presided over the VMI alumni continue to serve their nation with 266 having achieved the rank of
affairs of the Institute for its first half-century. During his tenure, the Corps increased in General or Flag officer in the Armed Forces of the United States and several foreign
size, the curriculum broadened, and the faculty grew. Among them was a moody, ec- countries, most notably Thailand and the Republic of China. During World Wars I and
centric professor of “natural philosophy”—”physics,” it is called today—named Thomas II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan
Jonathan Jackson, who joined the faculty in 1851 and served until April, 1861, when he more than 300 alumni made the ultimate sacrifice in service to their country.
joined the Confederate forces and earned the name “Stonewall.” He is considered one VMI is proud of its uniquely rigorous and constantly evolving system of education,
of the greatest commanders in military history. and its earned reputation as one of America’s premier institutions of higher education.
During the Civil War, cadets helped train troops, were called into active service a Our mission of producing leaders—educated men and women of unimpeachable char-
number of times, and on May 15, 1864, fought in a pitched battle as a unit. That battle, acter and absolute integrity—remains our clear focus today and for the future.
at the small Shenandoah town of New Market, claimed the lives of 10 cadets. Six of the
dead are buried on the VMI grounds. The Corps of Cadets pays tribute to the courage

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Admissions
Requirements
General English��4 units
Algebra ��2 units
The Institute seeks to admit young men and women who aspire to both an academic
Geometry ��1 units
degree and a military commission as the hallmarks of a complete VMI education.
Advanced mathematics��1 units
Applicants are normally not less than sixteen (16) or more than twenty-two (22) years of
Social studies��3 units
age at matriculation and may not be married and/or the parent of a child. An age waiver
Laboratory sciences��3 units
may be granted for an applicant who has served on active duty in the armed forces, or
Foreign language (3 years of one, or two years of two each)�� 3-4 units
if other circumstances dictate a waiver of the policy. VMI is a member of the National
Electives ��2 units
Association for College Admission Counseling (NACAC) and endorses the association’s
Total Academic Units�� 19-20 desirable
Statement of Principles of Good Practice (SPGP). For more information please visit
Equally important is the quality of the applicant’s record as measured by grades,
https://www.nacacnet.org.
class rank, scores on standardized tests of aptitude, and the school’s evaluation of
leadership and academic promise. VMI has not set rigid minimum requirements in these
Medical respects, but in general it is expected that the applicant will rank in the top half of the
If an applicant is offered a Conditional Appointment on the basis of academic cre- class with grades substantially above passing and that College Board and other test
dentials presented, he or she must be approved medically to complete the reservation scores will be above average or better.
process and enroll. Cadet life is a rigorous four years of mental and physical challenges.
Cadets must fully participate in all required activities including the intense fourth-class Standardized Tests
year, Institute and ROTC physical fitness tests, and mandatory physical education and
The following standardized tests are required or recommended, as stated, for
ROTC courses. The Institute will evaluate each applicant’s medical and physical condi-
all applicants:
tion to ensure they can complete all elements of VMI’s rigorous co-curricular program.
1. Required: College Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT I) or American College
The specific program requirements are enumerated on the VMI Admissions website. All
Testing Program (ACT).
potential applicants should review them carefully. VMI will also consult Department of
2. Required: [if applicant’s first language (mother tongue) is not English]: College
Defense medical standards for reference. However, each application will be reviewed
Board Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL).
individually to ensure that the program requirements can be met and the prospective
The SAT or ACT should be taken in the senior year no later than December. If they
cadet can safely and successfully enroll at VMI.
are taken after these dates, consideration of the application must depend on space
If the Institute Physician determines the applicant may not be able to meet the estab-
availability when the scores are received.
lished program requirements, he will request more information from the applicant.
Prospective applicants are strongly encouraged to try the SAT and ACT in their
If his concerns persist, he will forward the medical information to the Commandant
junior year of high school and to repeat the test in their senior year, thereby enhancing
of Cadets and the Head of the Department of Physical Education (Fitness Review
the usefulness of the measurement.
Panel). Each member of the panel will submit a recommendation on eligibility to the
Information about the SAT or ACT may be obtained from the applicant’s high school
Superintendent. The Superintendent’s decision will be final.
guidance office. VMI’s code for the SAT is 5858. VMI’s code for the ACT is 4418.
Admission to VMI does not guarantee that a cadet will be eligible for commissioning.
Only ROTC departments can determine eligibility for commissioning. Any questionable
medical condition should be directed to the appropriate ROTC department.
Essay
Applicants are advised that failure to report previously existing medical Although an essay is not required, it is encouraged. The applicant may wish to
conditions will be grounds for termination of their cadetship with forfeiture of submit a one-page essay on a topic of their choice or a graded essay from a high
appropriate tuition and fees. Cadets who become unable to participate fully in school class.
all aspects of cadet life will be evaluated for retention on a case by case basis by
Institute officials. Extracurricular Achievements
Since the VMI cadet is being trained for leadership, extracurricular achievement
Academic Record indicative of leadership potential, physical and moral stamina, and adaptability to a
A college preparatory course comparable to the Commonwealth of Virginia’s disciplined environment is important as are significant academic honors. A partial list
Advanced Studies Program, or higher, is preferred. The applicant should present a of significant achievements would include membership in student government organi-
secondary school record showing at least 16 academic units earned by the time of zations, the National Honor Society, editorship of student publications, athletic awards,
graduation. The 16 units must include at least four in English, two in algebra, and significant civic or church work, and honors in such organizations as the Girl Scouts
one in geometry. The distribution cited is desirable, but minor exceptions may be and Boy Scouts. Such achievements are not a substitute for academic qualifications, but
made if the record is otherwise sufficiently promising. they do represent an important supplement.

Character Recommendations
Satisfactory character and personality evaluations must be furnished by the
secondary school or schools attended by the applicant unless precluded by school
policy. One or two letters of recommendation may be helpful if written by persons who
know the applicant well, especially if the writer’s relationship to the applicant has

4
been that of teacher, employer, or leader in some significant activity, or if the writer is date when writing for an appointment. Preferred times Mon.-Fri. are 9-11:30 a.m. and
a VMI alumnus. 1-3:30 p.m.

Interviews and Visits Summar

It is strongly recommended, though not required, that applicants visit VMI The purpose of entrance requirements is to protect the standards of the college and
for an interview and a tour of the post. Both usually can be accomplished within a also the interests of the applicant, which are not served if the applicant is accepted
morning or afternoon. The Admissions Office will arrange for interviews and tours as into a program for which he or she is unprepared. All measurements (academic record,
far as possible to suit the convenience of the applicant, who should cite a preferred class rank, SAT/ACT, etc.) are correlated and weighed in the final determination of the
applicant’s qualifications.

Matriculation Agreement
Every cadet, upon matriculation, is required to sign the following pledge, which is the Corps of Cadets, never to lie, cheat, steal, nor tolerate those who do. I will, to the
binding upon the cadet from the day it is signed until all official connection with the best of my ability, discharge all of my duties as a cadet with regularity and fidelity, and
Institute is severed: I will obey all the legal orders and constituted authority of the Institute. I further affirm
“I hereby engage to serve as a cadet in the Virginia Military Institute for the term for that I am an unmarried person; that I am not a parent; and that never, during the term of
which I have entered, and I promise, on my honor, while I continue to be a member of my cadetship, will I join or affiliate with any secret society, fraternity, or sorority.”

How and When to Apply

Applications can be submitted electronically (http://www.vmi.edu/admis- 2. Application fee of $40, this being a non-refundable fee.
sions-and-aid/apply/) or in paper form. New cadets, whether first time freshmen or 3. An official transcript of the high school record.
transfers, are enrolled only at the beginning of each new session in August. The appli- 4. Official standardized test (SAT/ACT) scores.
cation form and all required items for application must be received between September 5. Secondary School Report Form.
1 and February 1 for those applying for regular decision. Applicants should submit the 6. Guidance Counselor/School Administrator Recommendation Form.
following items: 7. College Report Form (Transfer students only).
1. The completed application form. 8. Virginia Domicile Application Form (Virginia residents only).

Processing of Applications
Decisions and dental reports, a signed acceptance of the appointment, and payment of a $300 ad-
vance deposit. The advance deposit is deducted from the total charges for the first year
Applicants meeting the November 15 deadline for early decision will be notified no
of enrollment. It is refundable if requested in writing before May 1, or if the applicant is
later than December 15. On a rolling basis, decisions will be made on all applications for
found physically disqualified.
regular decision and those applicants deferred from early acceptance. Although some
outstanding applicants may be offered appointments during this initial review process,
most applicants will be notified of a decision by 1 April. A waiting list may be necessary.
Conditions
VMI reserves the right to cancel any appointment or reservation if the recipient
Reservations is found to be physically disqualified or if a subsequent academic or conduct record
is found unsatisfactory. Entrance requirements must be fully met before the date of
Accepted applicants will be sent appointments which are tentative pending
matriculation. No one will be admitted on probation.
establishment of a reservation. A reservation requires approval of satisfactory medical

Advanced Standing Credit

Advanced standing credit is defined as the assignment of new cadets to advanced is determined by the appropriate academic department head. Generally, semester
courses, with or without semester hours credit, for which they have qualified by one or hour credit may be awarded for exam scores of 5 or higher. Elective credit is awarded
more of the following means: for scores of 4. VMI International Baccalaureate Awards: http://www.vmi.edu/media/
1. College Board Advanced Placement Examinations. The College Board offers content-assets/documents/registrar/International-Baccalaureate-Awards.pdf
Advanced Placement Examinations annually in May, each based on a typical 3. Cambridge International Exams. Based on an evaluation of the 2012 Cambridge
college-level course. These examinations are designed for students who have had International Exam syllabi, the following VMI course equivalents are acceptable for
special secondary school preparation. Elective credit is given for grades of 3, and credit for incoming Cambridge International A-Level transfer activity. A grade of “C”
selective semester hour credit may be awarded for grades of 4 or 5 (honors and high or better is required unless otherwise indicated. http://www.vmi.edu/media/con-
honors). VMI Advance Placement Examination Award Credit: http://www.vmi.edu/ tent-assets/documents/registrar/Cambridge-Credit-Awards.pdf
media/content-assets/documents/registrar/Advance-Placement-Awards.pdf 4. VMI Placement Examinations. All new cadets are tested for placement in the prop-
2. International Baccalaureate Courses. VMI recognizes the advanced level of er level mathematics course. Cadets who have taken two or more years of a modern
academic preparation of students completing the IB Diploma or IB courses and en- foreign language while in grades 9 through 12 are tested for language placement,
courages participation in the program. Academic credit and/or advanced placement regardless of their curricular choice. The test results, the high school record,

5
foreign residency, and in some cases, a personal interview will all contribute to the 5. Dual Enrollment or Attendance at Another College. Subject to approval by
recommendation for placement into an appropriate level course. It is possible for a appropriate curricular head, VMI will accept credits earned in another accredited
cadet to place out of a portion or all of the language requirement. Placement credit college in advance of the applicant’s matriculation, provided the course grade has
means that a designated course does not have to be taken. However, semester credit been at least a “C” or the equivalent. Applicants should get advanced approval of
hours are not awarded with placement credit and the required hours must be earned course selections from the VMI Admissions Office. VMI/Virginia Community College
by taking elective courses. Course Approvals: http://www.vmi.edu/media/content-assets/documents/registrar/
VA-Community-College-System-Course-Equivalencies.pdf

Transfer From Another College

VMI welcomes applications from students wishing to transfer from another accredit- are not counted in the computation of the 2.0 quality point average required for
ed college or university. The transfer policy may be summarized as follows: VMI graduation.
1. Residence. VMI is a four-year undergraduate experience and it is expected that all 6. Those students enrolled in another college must submit an official college transcript
cadets complete a majority of their requirements in residence. Cadets must com- and catalogue in order to have these courses evaluated by the appropriate academic
plete a minimum of six semesters in residence at VMI (fall and spring semesters). department head. Students enrolled in courses offered by the Virginia Community
2. Decisions. The VMI Admissions Committee determines whether or not the transfer College System are directed to view the VCCS course listing in the VMI Transfer
applicant is qualified for admission. If admitted, the academic department heads Guide to determine transferability of credits prior to enrolling in any course. Foreign
determine the acceptability of courses taken at the previous institution(s). students are encouraged to have their transcripts evaluated by a company providing
3. Secondary school record. All transfer applicants must submit an official transcript foreign credential services to ensure the maximum number of credits transfer.
of their secondary school record. This should include standardized test scores (SAT 7. All others should send a copy of the college catalogue with the course(s) you intend
or ACT). For those students whose first language is not English, the College Board to take to the Transfer Coordinator, VMI Admissions Office, Lexington, VA 24450-
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) is required. Importance of the second- 0304. A summary report of transfer credit will be mailed to individuals after the
ary school record will vary depending on how long the student has been enrolled applicant has been appointed.
in an accredited college program of study and its course content. In general, it is 8. Class standing. Transfer students are classified academically the same as entering
expected that the secondary school record will meet the VMI entrance standards. A first-time freshmen (fourth class) until they return for their second year at VMI. At
one-page essay, on a topic of their choice, is optional for all students. that time they may request reclassification based on the total number of semester
4. The college record. Transfer applicants must submit official transcripts on ALL col- hours earned and prevailing academic standards for the upper classes.
lege work attempted. To be competitive for appointment, transfer students should 9. Waiver of transferable credits. An applicant may waive transferable credits, with
have at least a “B” (3.2 on a 4.0 scale) cumulative quality point average on all courses the exception of cadets using VA Education Benefits who are required to accept
attempted. In addition they must be in good standing with respect to their academic all transferable credits, and follow a regular fourth class (freshman) curriculum,
and conduct records and eligible to return to the college, which must be accredited. but exercise of this option does not exempt the transfer from meeting all entrance
5. Credit transfer. Credit transfer will require a grade of “C” or better in the course standards for transfer applicants.
without regard to grades achieved on other courses of the same sequence or the 10. ROTC credits. If the applicant is a transfer student and desires to pursue an Army
average grade for the sequence. Credit transfer will also require that content of commission, he/she can receive credit for the AROTC Basic Course (1st/2nd year) by
the course be acceptable by the appropriate VMI curricular head toward fulfillment completing one of the following: attending a four-week Leadership Training Camp
of baccalaureate degree requirements in that curriculum. Transfer courses that at Ft. Knox, KY, having participated in a Junior ROTC program during high school
can be applied to degree requirements at VMI are determined by the curriculum or having been prior enlisted in which credit will be given on a case-by-case basis.
selected. Transfer students are encouraged to review curriculum requirements in Transfers may also arrange to take first and second-year Basic ROTC courses simul-
the VMI Catalogue to ensure appropriate course selection. No more than one-half taneously at VMI if they lack credit for the first year. For additional information on
of the total hours required for VMI graduation may be transferred. Quality points each service’s requirements, contact the individual ROTC offices.
are not transferable. Quality points earned at other colleges before transfer to VMI 11. Matriculation of transfers. Accepted transfer applicants are matriculated only at
the beginning of the academic year in August. Mid-year transfer is not possible.

Applicants Whose First Language is Not English

Applicants whose first language is not English must also take the Test of English as If information is not locally available, foreign applicants should write to TOEFL,
a Foreign Language (TOEFL). High school guidance counselors should be consulted Educational Testing Service, Princeton, New Jersey 08540. Foreign applicants must
for information. Outside the United States, American embassies, consulates, offices of present evidence of adequate financial resources.
the U.S. Information Service, or other educational agencies can provide information.

Immunizations
The following immunizations are compulsory for entrance to VMI:
1. Tetanus. After primary immunization, a booster must have been administered 3. Measles—Mumps—Rubella (MMR). Two immunizations are required. The first must
within six years of the date of matriculation in August. The booster should in- have been administered after the first birthday; the second immunization no
clude pertussis. sooner than one month later and any time thereafter.
2. Poliomyelitis. 4. Meningococcal Vaccination.
5. Hepatitis B (series of 3 vaccinations)

6
6. Varicella (chicken pox)—vaccination required if applicant has not had the chick-
en pox.

Computers
VMI uses computers extensively in classes across the entire range of curricular The Barracks IT Help Desk is the central location for technical support for cadets.
offerings. Because substantial resources have been committed to the effective use The Help Desk provides answers to technical questions, lost password assistance,
of technology in teaching, communication, and information management across troubleshooting, and repair for all cadet-owned computers. The Barracks Help Desk is
post, prospective cadets are required to have achieved basic competency in core open from Monday through Friday.
computer skills and the following Microsoft Office applications: Word, Excel, Outlook, VMI has furnished over 200 public computers for cadet use in its academic buildings,
and PowerPoint. Individual departments may require competency at higher levels in including the Barracks Study Room, a computer lab in the barracks (adjacent to the
additional areas or with particular software suites. Barracks Help Desk) that is open 24 hours per day, seven days per week. Barracks
In order to satisfy Institute-specific requirements regarding space efficiency, rooms are configured to allow cadets access to the VMI network and the Internet via a
low power consumption, and portability, cadets are only authorized to bring laptop wired connection only. VMI IT is expanding wireless connectivity throughout post, but
computers with them for use at VMI. Purchasing IT-approved, recommended laptop wireless coverage is not currently provided inside the Barracks.
models will ensure prompt priority support and quick turn-around time for any parts For additional information regarding support of cadet-owned computers, please vis-
ordered. All cadets benefit from the Institute’s Microsoft Campus Agreement, which it VMI’s Information Technology department at http://www.vmi.edu/about/offices-a-z/
allows cadets to used VMI-licensed Microsoft Windows and Office software on their it/, or contact the IT Help Desk at [email protected].
laptops at no cost.

Readmission of Former Cadets

Cadets separated from the Corps by resignation, failure to pre-register, suspension, weight/body fat standards and be able to pass the VFT. Those not meeting standards
medical furlough, or failure of eligibility must apply to be readmitted. The readmission will not be allowed to re-enroll.
of any cadet is based on the merit of the application, and the likelihood for successful VMI reserves the right to deny readmission to a cadet who has been separated
completion of the military and academic components of the program. A full assessment from the Institute longer than two years, or if a cadet cannot successfully inte-
will be completed as to whether the cadet could safely return to fully participate in all grate into the Corps to complete the requirements as stated above.
academic and physical components of the VMI program, and successfully integrate into For a complete outline of the readmission standards, deadlines and forms, see VMI’s
the VMI military and class structure. Cadets seeking readmission must be able to meet website at http://www.vmi.edu/academics/dean-of-the-faculty/registrar/readmission/.

Readmission Deadlines:
Fall Semester: ��June 1 enforced, and late applications will be considered for the next eligible semester based
Spring Semester:�� November 1 on the date of submission.
Completed applications and supporting paperwork must be submitted to the Cadets dismissed for disciplinary reasons may petition for readmission after being
Registrar’s Office, 303 Shell Hall by the designated deadline. All deadlines will be strictly absent from VMI for one full calendar year. The status will be reconsidered based on the
presentation of new evidence or extenuating circumstances.

Nondiscriminatory Policy
Applicants are admitted entirely on the basis of their academic record, physical gender. If you have questions regarding the admissions process, please contact the VMI
fitness/condition, and character without reference to national origin, creed, color, or Admissions Office, 800-767-4207. See full non-discrimination statement.

Costs and Payment Schedule

Tuition, Fees, and Deposits 2019-2020 Session
Non-
Tuition and Fees Virginians
Virginians
International Auxiliary Fees
Tuition $ 9,284 $ 36,128 $ 36,128 Medical 512 512 512

Room 2,924 2,924 2,924 Athletic 3,544 3,544 3,544

Board 6,842 6,842 6,842 Cadet Facilities/Activities 2,302 2,302 2,302

Total Tuition and Fees 25,408 52,252 52,252

7
Quartermaster Charge Total Cost 29,084 55,928 56,928

The QUARTERMASTER CHARGE covers haircuts, and the issuing, tailoring, launder-
Laundry/Pressing 418 418 418
ing, and pressing of uniforms. Cadet uniforms are state property and must be returned
Haircuts 288 288 288 to the Institute.
The SECURITY DEPOSIT covers damages and/or loss of Institute property and un-
Uniforms 2,770 2,770 2,770
paid obligations to VMI. VMI returns (without interest) this deposit, less any deductions
Total 28,884 55,728 55,728 for damages or unpaid obligations, upon the graduation of the cadet or the termination
of the cadetship. This deposit is not the same as the Reservation Fee.
Security Deposit (New and HEALTH INSURANCE is required for all International cadets. The amount included is
200 200 200
Readmits only) an estimate for the 2019-2020 academic year. Please contact the Office of International
Programs for specific coverage information.
Health Insurance (International
1,000
cadets only)

Payment Schedule
Non- A LATE FEE of $100 or 10% of the unpaid balance, whichever is less, will be assessed
Payment Schedule Virginians International
Virginians for failure to pay tuition and fees as required. In addition, a $100 late registration and
enrollment fee will be assessed to all cadets who fail to pre-register or enroll by the
Reservation fee Due 1 May 2018 $ 300 $ 300 $ 300
appropriate deadlines.
On or Before 1 August 2018 14,342 27,764 28,764 OTHER COSTS payable by the cadet include textbooks, supplies, automobile regis-
tration, and non-issue clothing. The cadet must pay for such items with cash, check, or
On or Before 18
14,442 27,864 27,864 bank credit card at the time of purchase. The Institute reserves the right to hold grades,
December 2018
credits, transcripts and diplomas until all financial obligations to the Institute are
Total 29,084 55,928 56,928 satisfied. Cadets must satisfy all financial obligations to the Institute for past semesters
or terms before they will be allowed to register for any succeeding semester or term.

Refund Policy
Tuition and fees are refundable in part only upon official notice of withdrawal to Exceptions to the refund policy are made only in extraordinary circumstances.
the Commandant. Appeals for exception will be considered by the Tuition Appeals Committee upon
7. Full refunds, less $1,000 are made for withdrawals prior to the first day of classes. written request to the Comptroller, no later than 90 days after withdrawal from
8. On or after the first day of classes, refunds are prorated through the fifth week. the Institute.
9. No refunds are made after the fifth week of classes. No refunds will be made until all issued military uniforms and equipment required to
10. Cadets receiving Title IV financial aid will receive a refund in accordance with be returned have been received in good condition by the Commandant and the Military
applicable federal law. Store. Cadets will be charged for issued military uniforms and equipment which
are not returned as required.

Residency
All students who wish to apply for in-state tuition rates must submit the two-page out-of-state to in-state status requests are reviewed by the Registrar. All changes
Application for Virginia In-State Tuition Rates that accompanies the application for require the completed application for Virginia In-State Tuition Rates and accompa-
admission. Entitlement to in-state tuition rates must be demonstrated in accordance nying documentation (if requested). Residence in the Commonwealth for purposes
with Section 23.1-500 et seq. of the Code of Virginia. of obtaining an education does not qualify a cadet for Virginia residency status. For
After admission, it is the duty of the cadet to provide written notification within 30 more information, please visit the VMI website at: http://www.vmi.edu/registrar, or call
days to the VMI Registrar of any changes of address or domiciliary status affecting the 540-464-7213, or write to Registrar, Virginia Military Institute, 303 Shell Hall, Lexington,
cadet or his/her parents. Virginia 24450-0304
Cadets will be required to provide a yearly affirmation of their permanent resi-
dence address, as well as their parents’ permanent residence address. Changes from

ROTC Benefits
The cost of attending VMI should be viewed together with the other benefits a »» Summer/training pay which varies with type and length of training and cadet status
qualified ROTC cadet receives. Currently, these benefits include: (contracted/non-contracted, and scholarship/non-scholarship)…
»» Uniform allowance averaging $3,700 over four years depending on the service.
»» Tax-free subsistence allowance of about $250 to $500 per month when contracted in
a ROTC program.

8
Senior Citizens
Pursuant to Virginia Senior Citizen’s Higher Education Act, any individual over the the criteria for VMI’s full time, academic year, program. VMI does not offer a part-time
age of 60, who is a Virginia domiciliary for a minimum of one year and earns less than enrollment option during the regular academic year. Application and receipt of docu-
$23,850 annually, and who otherwise meets the summer admission criteria of the mentation (State and Virginia tax returns with W-2 form(s), documentation of disability
Virginia Military Institute (See Summer Session Catalogue) may attend free of tuition status or IRS Letter of Non-Tax Filing documentation for the previous year) must be
and fees. The admission criteria for summer session are substantially more lenient than completed and approved prior to the start of any summer session term.

Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act of 2014

U.S. Code, 38 U.S.C. 3679(c). Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act above and must be using educational benefits under either chapter 30 or chapter 33,
of 2014 of title 38, United States Code.
The following individuals shall be charged a rate of tuition not to exceed the in-state »» Anyone using benefits under the Marine Gunnery Sergeant John David Fry
rate for tuition and fees purposes: Scholarship (38 U.S.C. § 3311(b)(9)) who lives in the state in which the institution is
»» A Veteran using educational assistance under either chapter 30 (Montgomery G.I. located (regardless of his/her formal State of residence). Individuals using the Marine
Bill—Active Duty Program) or chapter 33 (Post-9/11 G.I. Bill), of title 38, United States Gunnery Sergeant John David Fry Scholarship are no longer required to enroll with-
Code, who lives in the state in which the institution is located (regardless of his/ in three years of the service member’s death, and there is no longer a requirement
her formal State of residence) and enrolls in the institution within three years of that the deceased service member’s death in the line of duty followed a period of
discharge or release from a period of active duty service of 90 days or more. active duty service of 90 days or more.
»» Anyone using transferred Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits (38 U.S.C. § 3319) who lives in the »» Anyone using transferred Post-9/11 G.I. Bill benefits (38 U.S.C. § 3319) who lives in
state in which the institution is located (regardless of his/her formal State of resi- the state in which the institution is located (regardless of his/her formal state of
dence) and enrolls in the institution within three years of the transferor’s discharge residence) and the transferor is a member of the uniformed service who is serving on
or release from a period of active duty service of 90 days or more. active duty.
»» Anyone described above while he or she remains continuously enrolled (other than For more information please contact:
during regularly scheduled breaks between courses, semesters, or terms) at the Applicants: Admissions—540-464-7211
same institution. The person so described must have enrolled in the institution prior Current Cadets: Registrar’s Office—540-464-7213
to the expiration of the three year period following discharge or release as described

Financial Aid
The purpose of the VMI financial aid program is to provide financial assistance and Institute’s prevailing charges for tuition, mandatory fees, and other necessary charges.
counseling to cadets and prospective cadets so as to reduce the financial barriers State Cadetships, which are limited in number, are restricted to bona fide residents
that could hinder enrollment, retention, and success at VMI. Awards are based on the of Virginia, and applicants are required to show, on the basis of need, that it would
cadet’s demonstrated financial need as determined through the Free Application for be impossible to attend VMI without this financial assistance. Applications are made
Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). The FAFSA is available on-line at https://studentaid.ed.gov/ on forms which will be furnished by the Financial Aid Officer on request, and these
sa/fafsa. applications should be submitted before 1 March of the year in which the applicant
Sources of aid at VMI include Federal Direct Loans, Federal Pell Grants, Federal wishes to enter VMI.
Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants, Commonwealth of Virginia Programs, Upon receiving a State Cadetship, the State Cadet must assume certain obliga-
need-based and merit based scholarships endowed through the VMI Foundation, Inc. tions to the Commonwealth of Virginia in return for the financial assistance awarded
and athletic scholarships provided by the VMI Keydet Club. through the Cadetship. The Sections of the Code of Virginia setting forth provisions for
Federal Direct Loans are available regardless of need. Cadets must apply for financial State Cadetships and the obligations concerned may be obtained from the Financial
aid by submitting the FAFSA and VMI Financial Aid Application before they can be con- Aid Office. Applicants for a State Cadetship also need a recommendation from their
sidered for a Federal Direct Loan. Parents can borrow up to the full cost of their child’s State Senator.
education through the Federal PLUS Loan Program. There must be a current FAFSA on Institute Scholarship Program. Institute Scholarship opportunities are avail-
file for the student before the parent can utilize the Federal PLUS Loan. More informa- able each year to outstanding cadets with well-balanced high school records that
tion on the Federal Direct Loan programs may be found at https://studentloans.gov. include athletics and leadership roles. Normally, applicants should score at least 1350
Normally, payment of all financial aid awards is made in two installments, credited (combined) on the SAT or at least 32 on the ACT and have a high school GPA of at least
to the cadet’s account in each semester of the school session. Statements provided 3.7. Selection is based on merit; financial need is not a criterion. Institute Scholarships
on PostView will reflect credit for aid awarded. In the event of withdrawal before the are renewable annually as long as the recipient maintains a cumulative GPA of 3.5,
end of the refund period, financial aid will be pro-rated. Renewal of financial aid is not membership in the Institute Honors Program, and a satisfactory conduct record. For
automatic and cadets must apply for aid each year by submitting a completed FAFSA information, please contact the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, 210 Smith Hall.
and the VMI Financial Aid Application by 1 March. The FAFSA may be completed on-line
at https://studentaid.gov/sa/fafsa.
ROTC Scholarships. For information on applying for such grants, see Reserve
Officers Training Corps.
State Cadets. These are residents of Virginia who receive special appointments
by the Board of Visitors, as specified in the Code of Virginia. The board shall provide
financial assistance equal to a state cadet applicant’s demonstrated need up to the

9
How to Apply for Financial Aid
Prospective and returning cadets should complete the FAFSA and VMI Financial Aid 2. VMI Financial Aid Application which is available online at http://www.vmi.edu/
Application by March 1st. financialaid.
The forms to be completed are as follows: Satisfactory academic progress and good conduct standing must be maintained in
1. The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) which is mandatory and may order to receive financial assistance.
be completed on the internet at https://studentaid.gov/fafsa . All applicants should Final decisions on financial aid awards for incoming cadets begin in February and
indicate on the form that VMI may have access to the needs analysis information by are completed by mid-April. Applicants are normally notified no later than early May.
entering VMI’s Title IV code—003753. This form is available October 1st each year. Returning cadet financial aid awards are completed once final grades are posted.
Cadets are notified by mid-June.

Financial Aid Awards

Awards consist of grants, scholarships, and loans and are awarded based on
demonstrated financial need and a listing of applicable federal and state programs is
available on the VMI Financial Aid Office website, http://www.vmi.edu/financialaid.

Satisfactory Academic Progress (SAP) Policy and Awarding of Federal Financial Aid
I. Purpose number of credits attempted. All transfer credits accepted count as both attempted
The establishment of a Satisfactory Academic Progress policy at the Virginia Military and completed.
Institute (VMI) is mandated by the Department of Education in order to be eligible for »» Maximum Timeframe. All cadets must complete program requirements within 10
Federal Title IV aid. All schools that receive these funds must have a reasonable policy regular semesters.
for monitoring that progress. The Department considers a satisfactory academic Notification. VMI measures Satisfactory Academic Progress at the end of each
progress policy to be reasonable if it meets both the qualitative and quantitative criteria spring semester. The Financial Aid Office suspends Federal Title IV aid, to include VA
established by the school. educational benefits, and notifies each cadet who fails to meet all three measures of
II. Definitions academic progress (qualitative, quantitative, and maximum timeframe).
»» Regular semester denotes fall term or spring term Appeal. A cadet has the right to appeal the decision to suspend Title IV eligibility
»» Full-time student is enrolled in at least 12 credit hours per semester based on failure to meet minimum standards of academic progress. The Financial Aid
»» Completed semester hours are hours successfully completed with a passing grade Office provides the appeal form and reviews each appeal promptly and notifies the
»» Attempted semester hours are hours attempted and successfully completed or not cadet of its decision. Cadets are limited to one financial aid appeal per cadetship.
successfully completed. Attempted semester hours include incompletes, official Categories for appeal consideration include:
withdrawals, unofficial withdrawals, unsatisfactory grades, failing grades, repeated »» Medical (Injury/Illness of cadet)
and audited courses, and transfer courses. »» Death of a relative (immediate family member)
»» Title IV funds include Federal Pell Grant, Federal Supplemental Educational »» Military service/mobilization
Opportunity Grant, Federal Direct Subsidized, Unsubsidized and PLUS Loans. »» Other special circumstances
»» Academic year reflects Summer Transition Program (first year cadets only), fall Reinstatement. A cadet who is not making satisfactory academic progress and loses
semester, spring semester and summer I and summer II. Title IV eligibility may attend VMI without benefit of Title IV aid if the cadet is otherwise
III. Requirements eligible to enroll. If the cadet’s academic progress improves and meets the standards of
The eligible Title IV applicant at VMI must meet all of these minimum requirements: satisfactory academic progress, eligibility for Title IV aid will be reinstated for the fol-
qualitative, quantitative and maximum timeframe as defined below. More detailed in- lowing regular term. Cadets are encouraged to take advantage of VMI Summer Sessions
formation is provided in the Academic Standards as published by the Registrar’s Office I and II in order to improve their academic standing. They may also attend summer
and approved by the Deputy Superintendent for Academics. school in their local area and have these courses used to improve their eligibility for
»» Qualitative Requirement. Minimum cumulative grade point average (GPA) per estab- meeting SAP. All transfer courses must be submitted and approved through the VMI
lished academic standards. See Academic Standards. Registrar’s course evaluation process before enrolling in any transfer course(s).
»» Quantitative Requirement. Cadets must, at a minimum, receive satisfactory grades in IV. Applicability
80% of cumulative credits attempted. This calculation is performed by dividing the This policy shall apply to all enrolled cadets.
cumulative total number of successfully completed credits by the cumulative total

Virginia Military Survivors and Dependents Education Program

A state program for bonafide Virginia residents whose parents were killed or perma- For more information telephone the VMI Financial Aid Office at
nently disabled due to war service or who were taken prisoners of war or missing in ac- 540-464-7208 or call the Dept. of Veterans Services at 804-225-2083. Or find
tion. Upon determination of eligibility by the Virginia Department of Veteran Services, the VMSDEP website, https://www.dvs.virginia.gov/education-employment/
tuition and mandatory fees will be waived. In addition, as funds are available, eligible virginia-military-survivors-and-dependents-education-program-2-2.
students may receive a stipend to offset other educational expenses. Once declared
eligible, the DVS will send VMI a letter certifying your eligibility and period of eligibility.
Report to the Financial Aid Office to have your enrollment completed.

10
Federal Veteran Education Benefits
To receive benefits under the VA Chapter 33 Post 911, Chapter 35 Dependents and “(B) A policy that ensures that the educational institution will not impose any
Survivor program, or GI Bill Chapter 1606 the student/parent must apply to the VA penalty, including the assessment of late fees, the denial of access to classes, libraries,
online. All eligible students must then bring their “Certificate of Eligibility” or “Notice of or other institutional facilities, or the requirement that a covered individual borrow
Basic Eligibility” to the Financial Aid Office in order to process their claims. Returning additional funds, on any covered individual because of the individual’s inability to meet
eligible cadets must re-apply for this benefit each year through the Financial Aid Office. his or her financial obligations to the institution due to the delayed disbursement of a
All cadets using VA education benefits are required to meet published Satisfactory payment to be provided by the Secretary under chapter 31 or 33 of this title.
Academic Progress requirements in order to maintain access to these funds. “(2) For purposes of this subsection, a covered individual is any individual who is
Title 38 United States Code Section 3679(c) as amended. entitled to educational assistance under chapter 31 or 33 of this title.
The following individuals shall be charged the in-state rate, or otherwise considered “(3) The Secretary may waive such requirements of paragraph (1) as the Secretary
a resident, for tuition purposes: considers appropriate.
»» A Veteran using educational assistance under either chapter 30 (Montgomery G.I. “(4) It shall not be inconsistent with a policy described in paragraph (1) for an
Bill—Active Duty Program) or chapter 33 (Post-9/11 G.I. Bill), of title 38, United States educational institution to require a covered individual to take the following addition-
Code, who lives in the Commonwealth of Virginia while attending a school located al actions:
in the Commonwealth of Virginia (regardless of his/her formal State of residence) “(A) Submit a certificate of eligibility for entitlement to educational assistance not
and enrolls in the school within three years of discharge from a period of active duty later than the first day of a course of education for which the individual has indicated
service of 90 days or more. the individual wishes to use the individual’s entitlement to educational assistance.
»» Anyone using transferred Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits (38 U.S.C. § 3319) who lives in the “(B) Submit a written request to use such entitlement.
Commonwealth of Virginia while attending a school located in the Commonwealth “(C) Provide additional information necessary to the proper certification of enroll-
of Virginia (regardless of his/her formal State of residence) and enrolls in the school ment by the educational institution.”
within three years of the transferor’s discharge from a period of active duty service (b) Prompt Payments.—(1) In General.—The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall take
of 90 days or more. such actions as may be necessary to ensure that the Secretary makes a payment to
»» A spouse or child using benefits under the Marine Gunnery Sergeant John David Fry an educational institution on behalf of an individual, who is Section 103 Compliance
Scholarship (38 U.S.C. § 3311(b)(9)) who lives in the Commonwealth of Virginia while Page 4 entitled to educational assistance under chapter 31 or 33 of title 38, United
attending a school located in the Commonwealth of Virginia (regardless of his/her States Code, and who is using such assistance to pursue a program of education at the
formal State of residence) and enrolls in the school within three years of the Service educational institution, not later than 60 days after the date on which the educational
member’s death in the line of duty following a period of active duty service of 90 institution certifies to the Secretary the applicable tuition and fees for the individual.
days or more. (2) Semiannual Reports.—Not later than May 1 and October 1 of each year, the
An individual using educational assistance under chapter 31, Vocational Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the Senate and the
Rehabilitation and Employment (VR&E) who lives in the Commonwealth of Virginia Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives a semiannual report
while attending a school located in the Commonwealth of Virginia (regardless of his/ summarizing any cases in which the Secretary failed to make a payment described in
her formal State of residence) effective for courses, semesters, or terms beginning after paragraph (1) within the period set forth in such paragraph and an explanation for each
March 1, 2019 delayed disbursement of payment.
Anyone described above while he or she remains continuously enrolled (other than (c) Rule Of Construction.—In a case in which an individual is unable to meet a
during regularly scheduled breaks between courses, semesters, or terms) at the same financial obligation to an educational institution due to the delayed disbursement of
institution. The person so described must have enrolled in the institution prior to the a payment to be provided by the Secretary under chapter 31 or 33 of such title and
expiration of the three-year period following discharge or release as described above the amount of such disbursement is less than anticipated, nothing in section 3679(e)
and must be using educational benefits under either chapter 30, chapter 33, or chapter of such title, as added by subsection (a), shall be construed to prohibit an educational
31 of title 38, United States Code. institution from requiring additional payment or imposing a fee for the amount that
Sec. 103. disapproval for purposes of educational assistance programs of is the difference between the amount of the financial obligation and the amount of
Department of Veterans Affairs of certain courses of education that do not permit the disbursement.
individuals to attend or participate in courses pending payment. “The Virginia State Approving Agency (SAA), is the approving authority of education
(a) In General.—Section 3679 of title 38, United States Code, is amended by adding at and training programs for Virginia. Our office investigates complaints of GI Bill benefi-
the end the following new subsection: ciaries. While most complaints should initially follow the school grievance policy, if the
“(e) (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, beginning on August 1, situation cannot be resolved at the school, the beneficiary should contact our office via
2019, a State approving agency, or the Secretary when acting in the role of the State email [email protected].”
approving agency, shall disapprove a course of education provided by an educational For additional information on VA Education programs please visit the financial Aid
institution that has in effect a policy that is inconsistent with any of the following: office on our website http://www.vmi.edu/about/offices-a-z/financial-aid/ or telephone
“(A) A policy that permits any covered individual to attend or participate in the the VMI Financial Aid office at 540.464.7208
course of education during the period beginning on the date on which the individual
provides to the educational institution a certificate of eligibility for entitlement to
educational assistance under chapter 31 or 33 of this title and ending on the earlier of
the following dates:
“(i) The date on which the Secretary provides payment for such course of education
to such institution.
“(ii) The date that is 90 days after the date on which the educational institution certi-
fies for tuition and fees following receipt from the student such certificate of eligibility.

11
The Academic Program
Accreditation
Virginia Military Institute is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and the College Entrance Examination Board, and the Association of Virginia Colleges. The
Schools Commission on Colleges to award Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science chemistry curriculum is approved by the American Chemical Society. The Civil and
degrees. Contact the Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, Georgia Environmental, Electrical and Computer, and Mechanical Engineering programs are
30033-4097 or call 404-679-4500 for questions about the accreditation of VMI. VMI is a accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET, http://www.abet.org.
member of the American Council on Education, the Association of American Colleges, The Economics and Business curriculum is accredited by AACSB International.

Academic Program Mission and Vision

Mission 2. Cadets VMI recruits, develops, and graduates cadets of exceptional talent, intel-
lectual curiosity, and character, who possess a commitment to service and respect
The VMI Academic Program educates cadets in a rigorous academic environment
for others.
that encourages life-long learning and develops citizens of character who anticipate,
3. Faculty Ninety-eight percent of the VMI faculty hold Ph.D.’s. Our faculty is
respond, and lead in a complex and changing world.
renowned for teaching excellence, mentorship of students, scholarly engagement,
commitment to service, and encouragement of undergraduate research. Small
Vision class sizes enable faculty to interact closely with cadets both inside and outside of
The VMI Academic Program includes: the classroom.
1. Curriculum VMI offers cadets a challenging four-year core curriculum and fourteen 4. Environment The VMI environment includes state-of-the-art facilities, equip-
nationally recognized majors in engineering, sciences, and the humanities with ment, technologies, and instructional materials, first-class programs of academic
an array of enrichment opportunities provided through the Institute Honors support, and an organizational climate characterized by collegiality, cooperation,
Program, undergraduate research, foreign study, internships, and the Institute and respect.
Writing Program.

Core Curriculum
The Core Curriculum develops foundational knowledge and skills that are essential ›› Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) 12 hours
to VMI’s academic and military missions. Designed thematically as “The Nucleus of ›› PS 344—Leadership in Organizations 3 hours
Effective Citizenship and Leadership,” VMI’s Core requirements are organized into »» Perspectives on Civilization and Human Achievement
four components. ›› World History (HI 103—HI 104 ) 6 hours
»» Key Competencies ›› Civilizations and Cultures (two courses)2
›› Written Communication (ERH 101—ERH 102 ) 6 hours1 »» Integrative Experiences
›› Oral Communication (ERH 103 ) 1 hour ›› Writing-Intensive Courses (two courses)3
›› Scientific Analysis (approved BI, CH, or PY sequence) 8 hours ›› Capstone Experience variable
›› Mathematical Reasoning (approved MA sequence) 6 hours For updated information on the Core Curriculum go to: http://www.vmi.edu/
›› Physical Education (seven semesters) 4 hours academics/majors-and-minors/core-curriculum/.
»» Foundations of Citizenship and Leadership

The Academic Major

VMI believes that academic excellence is best maintained at a small college when the languages and cultures. Either a Bachelor of Science degree or a Bachelor of Arts
number of disciplines offering degrees is restricted. The choice between a course of degree may be awarded in biology or chemistry. Detailed description of majors can be
study leading to a bachelor of arts or a bachelor of science degree is made before the found in The Curricula.
cadet enters VMI. Transfer from one major field of study to another after matriculation Cadets may declare a double major if they meet specified academic standards and
is permitted based on the availability of the major and approval of the area depart- have the approval of both department heads. Only one bachelor’s degree is awarded,
ment head. but the cadet’s academic transcript notes the double major.
A cadet may be awarded the degree of Bachelor of Science with a major in applied To be graduated from VMI, a cadet must have a conduct record that is satisfactory to
mathematics, chemistry, civil engineering, computer and information sciences, elec- the Superintendent, must be confirmed by the Academic Board, must have completed
trical and computer engineering, mechanical engineering, physics, physics (nuclear) or all requirements for his or her major(s), must have attained a cumulative GPA of at least
psychology; the degree of Bachelor of Arts may be awarded with a major in economics 2.00 (with no rounding up), must have attained a cumulative major GPA or at least 2.00
and business, English, history, international studies and political science, or modern (with no rounding up) as determined by courses identified by the major department,

1 All activity must be passed with a grade of “C” or better.

2 One of these courses may be replaced by a credit-bearing, Institute-approved Study Abroad experience.

3 At least one of these courses must be in the major.

12
and must have been in residence at VMI for a minimum of 4-6 full-time semesters (see
Academic Regulations to determine qualifying criteria).

Academic Minors and Concentrations

Cadets may also declare a minor and/or concentration in certain academic areas. notice of the completed minor or concentration appears on the academic transcript
The cadet should declare the minor or concentration as soon as possible and no later and the graduation program. A cadet may drop a minor or concentration by submitting
than the beginning of the first class year. A permit must be submitted to the Registrar, a permit with the signatures of the department heads to the Registrar.
bearing the approval of the cadet’s academic department head and the head of the Minors/concentrations are available in the following areas. Details are available
department that offers the minor or concentration. under “The Curricula” in this catalog.
A 2.0 GPA must be maintained in the required course work and the cadet must meet
any other criteria set by the department offering the minor or concentration. Official

Minors
Sponsoring DepartmentArea Psychology Leadership Studies Minor
English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Art History and Visual Culture Minor English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Literary Studies Minor
International Studies Asian Studies Minor Applied Mathematics Mathematics Minor
Physics and Astronomy Astronomy Minor History Middle Eastern Studies Minor
Economics and Business Business Minor History Military History Minor
Chemistry Chemistry Minor Modern Languages and Cultures
Computer and Information Sciences Computer and Information Sciences Minor Modern Languages Minor—Arabic, French, German, Spanish, Etc.
Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Engineering Minor International Studies National Security Minor
Computer and Information Sciences Cybersecurity Minor English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Philosophy Minor
Economics and Business Economics Minor Physics Physics Minor
Biology / Physical Education Exercise Science Minor Psychology Psychology Minor
History History Minor English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Rhetoric and Writing Minor
International Studies International Studies Minor

Concentrations
Sponsoring DepartmentArea Economics and Business Global Management Concentration
Mechanical Engineering Aerospace Engineering Concentration International Studies Interdisciplinary Studies in Latin America Concentration
English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Literary Studies Concentration
Art History and Visual Culture Concentration History Military History Concentration
Biology & Chemistry Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB) Concentration Mechanical Engineering Nuclear Engineering Concentration
Biology Ecology, Conservation, and Organismal Sciences (ECOS) Concentration English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Philosophy Concentration
Economics and Business Financial Management Concentration English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies Rhetoric and Writing Concentration

Special Programs
VMI offers a number of exciting special programs that enhance the primary aca-
demic experiences provided in our majors and minors, demonstrating the Institute’s
VMI Center for Undergraduate Research.
full commitment to educating the whole man and woman. For more information The VMI Center for Undergraduate Research (VCUR) is both a program and a
about these and other special programs, please visit our website: http://www.vmi.edu/ centralized office with the mission of promoting and facilitating faculty-mentored
specacadprog. undergraduate research and fostering the development of a culture of undergradu-
ate research at VMI. VCUR operates on the premise that some of the most enduring
Institute Honors Program. meaningful academic experiences of college students come through opportunities
to be mentored one-on-one by faculty outside the classroom, while also believing in
The Institute Honors Program was developed to enrich the academic experience of
the merit of research and other inquiry-based experiences within a more traditional
VMI’s outstanding cadets through activities that encourage an affinity for intellectual
classroom setting. VCUR simultaneously nurtures existing mentoring efforts and co-
inquiry and develop the capacity for sophisticated engagement of issues and problems,
ordinates new institutional support for joint investigative projects by faculty members
whether ethical, civic, or professional. In all of its elements, the program stresses peer
and cadets. Programs include an annual Undergraduate Research Symposium held on
leadership, strong oral and written communication skills, and the highest standards of
Post; the Summer Undergraduate Research Institute; cadet travel grants to present
academic integrity and excellence. The Institute Honors Program recognizes a broader
at professional meetings or conduct research in the field; and the Wetmore Fund for
range of achievement than honors earned in a particular major. Attainment of Institute
supplies for cadet academic year research. For more information, contact the Director
Honors is viewed as the highest academic achievement at VMI. The program is open
for Undergraduate Research, 300 Preston Library.
by application to any cadet with a 3.5 or higher GPA. For further information about the
program, see the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, 210 Smith Hall.

13
Institute Writing Program. Internship Program
The Institute Writing Program seeks to equip cadets for both academic success and VMI works actively to assist cadets in any major who seek internship experiences
participation in the full range of rhetorical occasions they will encounter in their lives that will allow them to apply/test career interests and demonstrate their abilities to
as citizens and professionals. The program links three important components of the prospective employers. Internships are available in all geographic areas of the United
VMI curriculum: our rigorous core curriculum sequence in first-year composition (ERH States. Some are eligible for academic credit, and many of them include stipends for
101 and ERH 102); a thriving Writing Across the Curriculum initiative, which requires work completed. For more information, contact the Office of Career Services, 311
cadets to complete two additional “writing-intensive” courses prior to graduation; and Carroll Hall.
an interdisciplinary minor in writing for those who wish to pursue advanced training in
rhetoric, technical, professional, or creative writing. Cadets’ study in the writing cur- Summer Session
riculum is enhanced by consultants in the VMI Writing Center, who consult individually
The VMI Summer Session facilitates cadet progression toward degree completion by
with cadets at any stage of a writing project. The program sponsors annual writing
offering courses for academic credit during the summer, consistent with the Academic
contests for cadets, local workshops, a nationally regarded symposium for professors
Program Mission. The program is designed to enhance cadet retention, to optimize
of rhetoric and composition, and several presentations on Post each year featuring
graduation rates, to provide opportunities for cadets to enrich their education, and
writers in all genres. For more information, see the Institute Director of Writing, 232
to enable cadets to attend the Summer Session and also attend ROTC summer camps,
Scott Shipp Hall.
engage in internships, and earn income. It provides the opportunity for cadets to meet
curricular, scholarship, athletic, or readmission standards, by enabling them to earn
International Programs credit for subjects in which they stand deficient or by receiving credit for courses in
Preparing young men and women for successful service in a world of rapidly inte- advance of their class. Summer study allows cadets to broaden their education by earn-
grating cultures and interdependent economies is an inherent component of Virginia ing a double major or minor and facilitates transfer from one curriculum to another. In
Military Institute’s mission of educating citizen-soldiers. The VMI Office of International addition to traditional course offerings, the Summer Session also coordinates with the
Programs is tasked with the establishment, promotion, and administration of interna- Summer Undergraduate Research Institute, the Summer Study Abroad Program, and the
tional programs for cadets. Programs offered to cadets fall into a number of catego- Summer Transition Program to offer a variety of academic opportunities. VMI cadets,
ries: international military academy exchange programs, semester abroad programs, graduates of accredited secondary schools, and students in good standing at other
summer abroad programs, international internships, and cultural exchanges and study colleges may attend. For details about scheduling and other admission requirements,
tours. For more information, please contact the Office of International Programs in Old please contact the Director of the Summer Session, 301 Shell Hall.
Hospital, Room 101.

Academic Support
VMI offers proactive and innovative programs of academic support for cadets at services include career exploration and decision making, career information, vocation-
all levels. al interest assessment and career related programs. Employment services include job
search guidance, resume assistance, interview skills training, employer information and
Advising recruitment programs. Graduate education support includes information on graduate/
professional school admissions testing.
According to the Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education,
“Academic advising is an essential element of a student’s collegiate experience.”
The mission of the Institute Academic Advising Program is to guide cadets through
Center for Cadet Counseling
the exploration and clarification of their academic, career and life goals to help them The Center for Cadet Counseling (CCC) offers a range of services designed to
develop skills and strategies that will contribute to their academic success and enable develop awareness, values, knowledge and skills necessary for Cadets to make healthy
them to achieve a balanced engagement in co-curricular and academic activities. choices, meet future challenges and lead meaningful lives. Services include educa-
Faculty advisors both support and challenge cadets in an effort to increase each cadet’s tional programming, individual assessment and counseling, psychiatric services, crisis
confidence and self-sufficiency until graduation. intervention and consultation. Counseling services are confidential and conducted
Upon entry into VMI, each cadet is assigned a faculty advisor who, unless the cadet by licensed mental health professionals. Health and wellness programs are provided
subsequently changes academic major, will work with the cadet until graduation. throughout the academic year on topics such as building psychological resilience,
During the first year there is extensive contact between the advisor and cadet in order maintaining emotional wellness, stress management, substance abuse prevention,
to facilitate the transition into VMI culture, assist in mastering the academic policies nutrition, sleep hygiene and healthy relationships. For more information, please call
and regulations, and assist the cadet in coordinating the demands of a multi-faceted 540-464-7667; 2nd Floor VMI Health Center or visit our website: http://www.vmi.edu/
academic and co-curricular experience. Upper class cadets have one mandatory counseling.
contact with advisors each semester but are strongly encouraged to meet with advisors
more often in order to benefit from their field-specific expertise, life experience and Office of Disabilities Services
curriculum knowledge. VMI also sponsors the Cadet Athlete Development Program to
The Office of Disabilities Services (ODS) is committed to meeting the ethical and
help scholar-athletes keep their focus on academics.
legal responsibilities to ensure equitable educational access for cadets with document-
For information about the VMI Academic Advising Program, contact the Miller
ed disabilities. We support cadets’ personal growth and development of academic, life
Academic Center at 540-464-7661, 202 Carroll Hall.
and leadership skills in a manner that encourages self-awareness, self-determination,
and self-advocacy. ODS also serves as a resource to the VMI community by promoting
Career Services awareness and understanding regarding disability issues in higher education.
The Office of Career Services provides a wide array of career planning, employment, Cadets with documented disabilities are encouraged to schedule a meeting
internship and graduate/professional school services. Centralized career planning with the Director of ODS as early as possible to allow adequate time for review of

14
documentation, to allow for a thorough assessment of academic needs, and to familiar- cadets to ensure that services address the needs of the Institute. Cadets may also meet
ize new cadets with administrative procedures. individually with staff to discuss questions or concerns about academic success at VMI.
For more information, please call (540-464-7667); 2nd Floor VMI Health Center or visit The MAC is located at 202 Carroll Hall. For more information, please visit http://www.
our website: www.vmi.edu/ds. vmi.edu/mac or contact us at 540-464-7661 or [email protected].

Information Technology Preston Library

The mission of VMI Information Technology is to serve and support the technology The mission of Preston Library is to provide library materials and services of the
needs of the Institute and facilitate creativity in teaching, learning, and communication highest quality; to teach skills needed for academic inquiry and lifelong learning; to
for cadets, administration, faculty and staff. VMI IT provides many services for cadets, support faculty and undergraduate research; to provide access to and promote the use
including computer labs, hardware and software recommendations and installations, of Institute historical materials; and to offer library services to the community at large.
and help desk support. VMI IT is responsible for the VMI network, and can provide Named for Colonel J. T. L. Preston, the library was dedicated in 1939, enlarged in
access upon request. For more information, please contact the VMI IT Help Desk, help@ 1972, and renovated in 1996. A second renovation will be completed in 2020. Preston
vmi.edu, 315 Nichols Engineering Building. Library offers a variety of individual and collaborative study areas throughout the
building. There are two conference rooms with presentation capability and a library in-
Mathematics Education Resource Center (MERC) struction room. Wireless network access and wireless printing are available throughout
the building. The building is open to cadets 113 hours per week during the academ-
The primary goals of the MERC are to formulate a comprehensive picture of the
ic term.
mathematical lives of cadets, and then provide the support necessary to reinforce that
Instruction in locating and evaluating research materials and in using research eth-
picture. In this, MERC staff assesses what mathematical skills and experiences a VMI ca-
ically are offered by Preston Library’s librarians, who provide support face-to-face and
det has prior to admission. The MERC staff then strives to understand what expectations
virtually through an online chat service and via email. Librarians also create individual
military, community, and private businesses have with regards to the mathematical
web guides for individual courses or for materials in a specific discipline, which are
skills and mathematical reasoning of a graduating cadet. Finally, in this knowledge of
available through the library’s website. Course-associated instruction may be requested
where a cadet starts and where they will go next, the MERC staff provides every possi-
by faculty in any discipline, or assistance may be requested individually by cadets.
ble means to support that cadet’s exciting journey through VMI.
Collections consist of approximately 280,000 print volumes, over 170 print journals,
The primary resource for service of the cadet corps’ mathematical needs is the Open
and approximately 58,000 government documents. The Library provides access to more
Mathematics Lab (OML). Its design allows cadets to freely seek and find as much help
than 200,000 ebooks, more than 50,000 full-text electronic journals and newspapers,
as needed for any of VMI’s mathematics core curriculum courses and pre-calculus, dif-
and over 100 licensed electronic research databases and resources. The library’s
ferential equations, matrix algebra, and multivariable calculus courses. The model for
electronic journals and books can be accessed online anywhere on Post as well as
the lab is one wherein tutors are prepared to help cadets in an open and shared setting,
remotely off Post by current VMI cadets, faculty, and staff. The Library also holds
where no appointments are necessary. OML tutors are trained, knowledgeable, and
unique historical source materials in its Archives, and cadets are encouraged to visit the
current on the specific techniques and problems taught by VMI mathematics teaching
Archives to use and learn more about these primary research resources. Many historical
faculty. The OML is meant to complement and support, but not replace, course activi-
collections in the Archives have also been digitized and can be viewed online through
ties within the VMI mathematics curriculum.
the library’s website.
Preston Library is a member of the Virtual Library of Virginia (VIVA), a consortium
Miller Academic Center of more than 70 academic libraries in Virginia which offers expedited interlibrary loan
The Miller Academic Center facilitates cadets’ academic success and timely progress service among its members. Cadets can borrow materials on a walk-in basis from more
toward a degree. than 40 VIVA member libraries, including the libraries at nearby Washington and Lee
»» Coordinates course-specific group study sessions. University. Preston Library also borrows materials from libraries outside of Virginia
»» Develops and delivers academic support programs based on faculty and cadet input. on behalf of cadets and faculty when needed; cadets, faculty, and staff of VMI are not
Programs are delivered during Academic Saturdays and Dean’s Times. charged for interlibrary loan service.
»» Identifies and coordinates need-specific learning skills programs to be offered to the
Corps, training times will include Dean’s Training Times and Academic Saturdays. Writing Center
»» Provides advisors the information and training necessary for them to guide
The VMI Writing Center helps cadets with a full range of activities to improve their
their advisees.
writing, at any level and in any discipline. Professional and trained peer tutors, work
»» Serves as Dean’s representative to the S2 by meeting regularly to train and coordi-
with cadets in one-on-one conferences on every aspect of the writing process, from
nate with them as they lead their peers in learning and support programs.
planning a paper to finishing the final draft. Tutors are available by appointment or on a
Miller Academic Center coordinates programs and services to facilitate cadet’s
walk-in basis in Carroll Hall.
achievement of optimal academic success. The MAC collaborates with both faculty and

Academic Policies
Academic Regulations »» Academic Recognition
»» Admissions Requirements
The VMI Academic Regulations are maintained by the Office of the Deputy
»» Advanced Placement Credit
Superintendent and Dean of the Faculty online at http://www.vmi.edu/academics/
»» Auditing of Courses
dean-of-the-faculty/registrar/institutional-information/. Among other information, the
»» Change of Grade
regulations include current VMI definitions and policies on:
»» Change of Major
»» Academic Delinquency
»» Class Attendance
»» Academic Probation
»» Classification (academic)

15
»»Course Load
»»Drop-Add Period
Current Academic Requirements
»»Final Examinations Annually each fall, the Registrar publishes the current academic requirements,
»»Grade Reporting including minimum academic standards. The standards are available online at http://
»»Grading System www.vmi.edu/academics/dean-of-the-faculty/registrar/institutional-information/.
»»Graduation Requirements
»»Readmission Work for Grade
»»Repeating Courses
Principles of academic integrity in all work for grade are stressed in every course
»»ROTC
taught at VMI. Cadets and faculty alike are reminded of the institutional statements and
»»Students with Disabilities
definitions regarding work for grade as expressed in the Academic Regulations. Work
»»Substitution of Curricular Requirements
for grade policies are printed in the syllabus of every course taught at VMI.
»»Transcripts
»»Transfer Credit
»»Withdrawals
Written Work
»»Work-for-Grade Policies Every cadet is expected to use the English language clearly, correctly, and thought-
Please contact the Assistant Dean for Administration and Planning, 210 Smith Hall, if fully. Any cadet who through carelessness, indifference, or lack of preparation submits
you have questions about the VMI Academic Regulations. substandard written work in any course should expect to receive a reduced grade.
Extremely poor writing may result in a failing grade. A cadet whose command of English
is deemed inadequate may be required by his/her curriculum head to submit additional
written work in order to earn a degree from the Virginia Military Institute.

Academic Administration
The Academic Program is directed by the Deputy Superintendent for Academics and
Dean of the Faculty, whose principal subordinates are the Associate Dean for Academic
Affairs; the Assistant Dean for Planning and Administration; the Registrar; the Head
Librarian; the Directors of Career Services, Center for Undergraduate Research,
Institute Writing Program, International Programs, Math Education and Resources
Center, Miller Academic Center, Sponsored Programs and Teacher Education Program,
in addition to the heads of the Institute’s seventeen academic departments. The
Deputy Superintendent for Academics and Dean of the Faculty’s Office is located in
210 Smith Hall. For contact information, see https://www.vmi.edu/about/governance/
administration/dean/.

16
The Co-Curricular Program
The distinctive VMI approach to higher education, which is the result of over 170 of the individual. For cadets to fully achieve their educational goals, it is essential that
years of development, continues to prove its effectiveness in providing young men and cadets willingly accept the military way of life found at the Institute.
women an environment that fosters intellectual, physical, and character development. VMI’s mission is to produce “citizen-soldiers,” men and women educated for civilian
The unique cadet lifestyle and all non-academic activities comprise the co-curricular life and also prepared to serve their country in the Armed Forces. Historically about
program. Cadets live within a military framework; they wear the cadet uniform; they 20 percent of VMI graduates have made the military a career. However, approximately
live in Barracks, and eat their meals in a dining facility. Because military training is com- 50 percent are commissioned each year upon graduation. Cadets must take four years
bined at the Institute with a demanding academic program, cadet life requires much of ROTC instruction and are encouraged to take a commission in the service of their
choice, but commissioning is not mandatory.

STUDENT GOVERNMENT
The General Committee
One of the three major agencies of student government is the General Committee, seniority. The administration recognizes the General Committee and class officers as
composed of officers of the three upper classes, elected by their classmates and a official representatives of the Corps and their separate classes, and it extends to them
secretary chosen by the 1st class officers. This body enforces rules that govern the wide authority in self-government.
conduct of the Corps and grants increasing privileges to classes as they advance in

The Honor Court

The heart of VMI’s student government is the honor system. Although honor, like cadets to reflect on the assignment and to acknowledge any help received or the fact
many idealistic concepts, defies exact definition, it clearly refers to relationships which that no help was received in completing it.
govern society and which yield to the members of that society immediate and tangible The Corps as a whole has always been the guardian of its own honor, and its honor
benefits. The honor system at VMI is not so much a set of rules—although rules are is its most cherished possession. To administer the system, the Corps elects an Honor
published and distributed to every cadet—as it is a way of living. Lying, cheating, steal- Court. Any suspected violation is reported to this Honor Court, which conducts an
ing, or tolerating those who do are considered violations of the Honor Code. A cadet’s investigation of the circumstances. An accused cadet may admit guilt and leave the
statement in any controversy is accepted without question as truthful; examinations are Institute or may request trial. If found guilty, the cadet is dishonorably dismissed. If
not proctored; all work for grade must contain a “Help Received” statement reminding the accused is acquitted, the case is closed, and all records pertaining to the case
are destroyed.

The Cadet Regiment

The third major agency of student government at VMI is the Cadet Regiment, made and proficiency in military and academic studies, cadets are appointed to non-commis-
up of two battalions of five rifle companies each including the regimental band. The sioned and commissioned cadet rank. The First Captain, as the highest-ranking cadet,
basic structure of the corps is that of an infantry unit, and all cadets drill as infantry commands the regiment. A major share of the administration of the Corps of Cadets is
troops under their own leaders. On the basis of demonstrated qualities of leadership entrusted to cadet officers and their staffs.

Barracks Life
The Barracks is the focal point of a cadet’s life at VMI, and the fact that all cadets are Personal items authorized in cadet rooms vary by class. For example, only first class
required to live under one roof facilitates student government and helps promote and cadets may keep civilian clothes in their rooms. New cadets until the completion of
strengthen ties of friendship. Rooms are furnished sparingly but with essential equip- the Ratline may not keep electrical equipment, such as razors, radios and videogame
ment, and three, four, five or six cadets share a room. They have equal responsibility for systems. If personal items are brought to VMI and found to be unauthorized, limited
keeping the room clean and in order for daily inspection. storage space for these items is provided until such time as they are authorized.

Military System
The military system characterizes and distinguishes life at VMI. It fosters punctu- characteristic dependability of the VMI graduate results from life within this framework
ality, order, discipline, courtesy, and respect for authority. By placing all cadets on a of authority and responsibility.
uniform plane, it enables them to advance through self-reliance, initiative, and strength Although they have some features in common, the military system should not be
of character. confused with the system of new cadet orientation, which is briefly described below.
The combination of military and academic training constitutes a strenuous program
requiring diligent application and conscientious attention to both academic and mil-
itary duties. For a cadet to derive the greatest benefit from what is admittedly a heavy
program, absences from the post and from Lexington are limited.
The military system of administration of the cadet corps extends wide authority
to individuals and holds all responsible for faithful exercise of assigned duties. The

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The New Cadet System
One of the Institute’s oldest traditions is the system of initiation applied to new 7. Class unity and the “brother rat” spirit that result from shared experiences in a stern
cadets by old cadets, who themselves have successfully completed it. Regardless of and challenging environment.
background or prior academic training, every cadet in the first year at VMI is a “rat” 8. A common understanding of civility, respect for others, and the importance of work-
and must live under the “rat” system. Among its purposes are to teach or promote the ing together toward a common goal or mission.
following in the shortest span of time possible: The system is equal and impersonal in its application, tending to remove wealth and
1. Excellence in all things, particularly academics. former station in life as factors in one’s standing as a cadet, and ensuring equal oppor-
2. Military bearing, discipline, and conduct. tunity for all to advance by personal effort and to enjoy those rewards that are earned.
3. Self-control, humility, and self-restraint. Throughout most of the “rat year,” the new cadet walks at rigid attention a prescribed
4. Respect for authority and the forms of military courtesy. route inside barracks known as the “rat line,” and double-time up and down barracks
5. Habits of neatness, cleanliness, orderliness, punctuality, and the importance of stairs. The cadet must be meticulous in keeping shoes shined, uniform spotless, hair
attention to detail. cut, and in daily personal grooming. The new cadet must memorize school songs, yells,
6. The history and traditions of VMI and cadet life. and other information.

Absences From Duty

Although provisions are made for recreation and necessary absence, justice cannot In addition to leaves of absence mentioned above, emergency leaves are allowed for
be done to studies or to military obligations if these absences are frequent or long. the following reasons:
Saturday afternoons and Sundays are usually free of scheduled activities, given that »» Deaths in the immediate family.
a cadet has not incurred restrictions. There are also opportunities during the week »» Urgent medical treatment of a specialized nature that cannot be obtained
for afternoon visits to town. The summer, Thanksgiving, winter, and spring furloughs in Lexington.
compare with similar vacation periods at other colleges, and should be used for such »» Critical illness in the immediate family when the family physician requests the
purposes as medical and dental appointments, when needed. During the second presence of the cadet at home.
semester of the freshman year, a new cadet is allowed a weekend furlough, the number Cadets and parents should realize that these rules are made and enforced for the
of such furloughs increase as the cadet advances toward the first class. Athletic teams benefit of the Corps as a whole and to improve the opportunities to learn. Therefore,
make trips to participate in games, and publications staffs are granted absences to parents should not ask permission for their son or daughter to be absent except as
conduct their business. Cadets who make the Dean’s Honor List are eligible for special provided in the regulations, as absences disrupt academic work and cannot, in justice,
furloughs, academic days, and first class cadets may make a limited number of trips to be extended to one and denied another.
be interviewed by prospective employers and to visit their homes for personal matters.

Activities
Athletics
For cadets of special athletic ability, a highly developed program of intercollegiate accordance with NCAA Bylaw 14.3 prior to initial intercollegiate competition and then
athletics is maintained. VMI is a member of the Big South Conference for most sports. each semester thereafter by VMI in accordance with NCAA Bylaw 14.4. Upper-class
All sports compete at the NCAA Division I level. Teams are fielded in baseball, basket- cadet-athletes are similarly certified each semester by VMI.
ball, men’s and women’s cross-country, football, lacrosse, men’s and women’s rifle, Cadets who do not participate in varsity athletics are encouraged to participate
men’s and women’s soccer, men’s and women’s swimming, men’s and women’s indoor in club sports or other athletic programs. Athletic competition develops the cadets
track, men’s and women’s outdoor track, women’s water polo and wrestling. Every physically and enhances their team building skills. This is an essential aspect of VMI’s
cadet is welcomed as a candidate for participation in any sport in which he/ she may method of developing leadership in each of our cadets. Club sports compete with clubs
be interested. All athletes must meet certain academic standards prior to participating at various colleges and universities throughout the country and fall under the guidance
in intercollegiate competition. Freshmen are certified by the NCAA Eligibility Center in of the Deputy Commandant.

Rat Challenge
“Rat Challenge” is an outdoor experiential program designed, organized, and super- calculated elements of risk, making safety and professionalism paramount. Many of the
vised by the VMI Department of Physical Education. activities are derivatives of “Outward Bound” and various military training programs.
The program is designed to foster self-confidence and physical conditioning in new Participation in “Rat Challenge” is mandatory during the fall semester for all new
cadets by creating training situations, stressful enough to demonstrate that they are cadets not involved in intercollegiate athletics. The program is conducted twice a week
capable of performing tasks, which surpass their previously self-imposed mental and from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. during the fall semester.
physical limits. New cadets can expect to run distances (as much as 5 miles), conduct a
forced march up a mountain, fight with pugil sticks, make a high-level entry into water,
negotiate a number of group and individual obstacles, run two obstacle courses, and
rock climb and rappel (approximately 150 feet).
The day-to-day operation of the program is administered by upperclass cadets
(cadre) in order to provide opportunities in leading and teaching activities, which have

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Cadet Publications
Cadets write, edit, and manage the following periodic publications: The Bomb, yearbook established in 1885 as the first college annual in the South.
The Cadet, weekly newspaper established in 1907.

Religious Services
The religious convictions of our students are respected regardless of one’s groups meet weekly on campus and in town. Clubs such as the Navigators, Fellowship
faith preference. The religious freedom of all students is assured through the of Christian Athletes, Newman Club, Officer’s Christian Fellowship and many others
Chaplain’s guardianship. meet the spiritual needs of a number of our cadets.
Numerous opportunities are provided to encourage and develop the faith of our More than a dozen churches and organizations in Lexington offer worship oppor-
cadets. A non-denominational Protestant chapel service is conducted each Sunday tunities and many of them provide campus ministries. Our students are frequently
of the year. A Chapel fellowship of cadets, staff and faculty families, local college adopted by local church families and cared for while they are away from home.
students and community members make up a vibrant congregation of people who are The Institute Chaplain is the liaison officer to the local churches and the point of
committed to one another and to God. Our families are committed to the growth and contact for our students regarding concerns of a religious nature.
nurturing of cadets and they regularly invite our students to their homes. Bible Study

Societies
Active student chapters of professional, technical, and scientific societies as well »» Omicron Delta Epsilon, an honor society in economics
as local societies are sponsored by the various departments to stimulate a serious and »» Omicron Delta Kappa, an honor society for leadership and academic excellence
professional approach to studies. Programs are planned and conducted by cadets. »» Phi Alpha Theta, an honor society in history
Visiting speakers address the societies, and often cadets prepare and deliver papers. »» Phi Eta Sigma, national scholastic honor society
Participation in regional conferences may be included in the activities. The following »» Phi Kappa Phi, an honor society in all academic fields
societies function at the Institute: »» Pi Delta Phi, an honor society in French
»» American Chemical Society »» Phi Sigma Iota, an honor society in modern languages
»» American Society of Civil Engineers »» Pre-Law Society
»» American Society of Mechanical Engineers »» Psi Chi Society, an honor society in psychology
»» Beta Beta Beta, the biology honor society »» Sigma Delta Pi, an honor society in Spanish
»» Beta Gamma Sigma, an honor society in business »» Sigma Pi Sigma, a national physics honor society
»» Delta Phi Alpha, an honor society in German »» Sigma Tau Delta, an honor society in English
»» Engineering Society »» Society of Physics Students
»» English Society »» Tau Beta Pi, an honor society in engineering
»» Eta Kappa Nu, an honor society in electrical engineering »» The Virginia History Society
»» Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

Cadet Clubs and Organizations

The Commandant’s Office manages over 50 cadet clubs, club sports and or- Pistol, Equestrian, Theater, Soaring, Fishing, Boxing, Ice Hockey, Soccer, Basketball,
ganizations at VMI. These include Civil War Roundtable, Timber Framers, College and Semper Fi Society. VMI is committed to providing opportunities for all cadets to
Republicans, College Democrats, Golf, Lacrosse, Women’s & Men’s Rugby, Running, participate in clubs, organizations, and extracurricular activities that will contribute to
Wrestling, Jiu Jitsu, Powerlifting, Triathlon, Trap & Skeet, Women’s & Men’s Volleyball, the total quality of cadet life.

Musical Organizations
Opportunities are plentiful for cadets with musical interests, both as participants The VMI Commanders Jazz Band is a 16 piece jazz ensemble with a rich history of
and as listeners. performances and are a popular musical outlet for gifted cadets. Formed in 1917 this
The Regimental Band organized into its own company of 152 cadets within the unit performs at several concerts and dances annually. Since 1997 the band has traveled
Corps and provides music for ceremonies on Post as well as for athletic events. It has to Germany, France, and England.
an impressive record of award winning performances across the state, country, and The VMI Pipe Band provides music for ceremonies on Post and receive frequent re-
abroad. Recent appearances include the 2016 and 2008 Tournament of Roses Parade in quests to perform at special events throughout the United States. Cadets are taught to
Pasadena, California, Presidential Inaugural Parades, the Macy’s Day Parade and the St. play the bagpipes or specialized drum techniques by a world-class bagpipe instructor.
Patrick’s Day Parade in New York City, and 14 Mardi Gras appearances in New Orleans, The unit is composed of approximately 45 cadets from all classes.
Louisiana. Within the band are smaller units such as the Pep Band, the Institute Brass The VMI Glee Club presents concerts on Post and throughout the eastern United
Ensemble, the VMI String Ensemble, Paid Cadet buglers, the Herald Trumpets, and the States. They appear on telecasts, tape cassette and CD albums, and in concerts at
VMI Drummers. alumni gatherings and at various colleges; within the club is a small select group,
The Sentinels.

Social Events
The Regimental S-7 is responsible for the Corps’ social events such as movie events throughout the year to include the Midwinter Formal, Ring Figure Weekend,
nights, concerts and mixers. The Deputy Commandant also oversees many social Homecoming Hop, the Cadet Ski Trip, and Trick or Treat in the Barracks.

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Prizes, Medals, and Awards
Academic Awards
The Lieutenant General Edward Mallory Almond ’15 Award for Academic- The Leslie German Second Class Award. A cash prize to a second class chemistry
Athletic-Military Excellence. Established by the General John H. Forney Historical major for excellence in the study of analytical chemistry. This award was established
Society of Alabama in 1981 as a memorial to General Almond. Given annually to a grad- in 1973 by an anonymous donor in honor of Colonel Leslie German who served on the
uating cadet who has made outstanding contributions to VMI’s intercollegiate athletic faculty for thirty-five years until his retirement in 1968. Colonel German was head of the
program while distinguishing himself through academic achievement and soldierly Chemistry Department for twenty-eight years.
bearing and aptitude. Bruce C. Gottwald, Jr. ’81 Award. Presented to the graduating Psychology major
The Stewart W. Anderson Award. Established in 1977 by gifts of relatives and who has demonstrated the highest achievement in scholarship, service, and scientif-
former students to provide a certificate and cash prize to be presented to the graduate ic inquiry.
having a superior academic performance in the electrical engineering curriculum. The Floyd D. Gottwald, Jr ’43 Award in Chemistry. Given to the top standing
award is in honor of Brigadier General Stewart Wise Anderson, Class of 1908, to recall Chemistry major.
his 46 years of devoted service to VMI as a member of the faculty. He was head of the John Bowie Gray 1867 Award. Established by the late Miss Aylmer Gray as a memo-
Department of Electrical Engineering for 21 years and Dean of the Faculty for 14 years. rial to her father, a New Market Cadet. It is awarded to a third classman standing first in
John Randolph Tucker Carmichael Award. Established in 1951 by the Class of 1931 civil engineering.
as a memorial to their classmate, Dr. John Randolph Tucker Carmichael, who died in Colonel Sterling Murray Heflin ’16 Academic Proficiency Award. Established in
1941. The award, based upon unusual academic achievement and excellence of charac- 1988 as a cash prize awarded to the recipient of the Second Jackson-Hope Medal.
ter, is made to a third class biology major. The Institute Honors Thesis Awards. Awards selected by the Institute Honors
The Society of the Cincinnati Medal. In 1913 the Society of the Cincinnati in the Committee and presented on behalf of the Institute Writing Program to the graduating
State of Virginia established a fund to provide annually a medal to be awarded by the cadets who present the most outstanding theses in satisfaction of the requirements for
faculty to the member of the graduating class most distinguished by efficiency of Institute Honors.
services and excellence of character throughout his/her cadetship. International Studies Award. Given to a graduating International Studies major
The Company Cup. Established in 1970, an award to the company with the highest who best exemplifies integrity, scholarship, and an abiding curiosity in internation-
combined average GPA for the fall and spring semesters upon which their company and al affairs.
year is engraved. The Larry L. Jackson ’62 Undergraduate Research in Chemistry Award.
Civil Engineering Award. A cash award to the graduating civil engineering major Established in 1999 by Dr. Larry L. Jackson ’62 and his wife, Lindy Lou White Jackson. A
who is declared by the department head to hold the highest academic standing cash award presented to an upperclass cadet majoring in chemistry in order to reward
at graduation. past excellent performance in research and to encourage future research endeavors.
The Class of 1941 Award. An award to the first-standing second classman majoring Jackson-Hope Medals. In 1867 the Honorable A. J. B. Beresford Hope, member of
in civil engineering, established by Colonel Alvin F. Meyer, ’41. the British Parliament and representative of an association that had presented to the
The Major General Richard C. Coupland ’15 Electrical Engineering Awards. Commonwealth of Virginia a statue of Thomas J. Jackson, sent to Governor James L.
Established in 1991, and awarded to a second and third classman, majoring in electrical Kemper the remainder of the statue fund, requesting that it be used for a further memo-
engineering, who have demonstrated academic excellence, outstanding leadership rial to the great Confederate soldier. The Governor proposed and the Board of Visitors
abilities, and high moral standards. approved the establishment of two “Jackson-Hope Medals” to be presented annually to
The Dearing Medal. Established as a memorial to her son, Asa S. Dearing, Class the two most distinguished graduates of the Institute, and since the first awards in 1877,
of 1891, by Mrs. P. M. Dearing, the Dearing Medal is awarded annually to the member the Jackson-Hope Medals have been VMI’s highest awards for scholastic achievement.
of the graduating class who has demonstrated the highest proficiency in the study of The Stonewall Jackson Memorial Award. Established in 1957 by the United
English and English literature. Daughters of the Confederacy to honor the great Confederate hero. The prize is pre-
Colonel Herbert Nash Dillard ’34, Memorial Award. Established in 1977 in memory sented annually to the first standing graduate in the physics curriculum. Philip H. Killey
of Colonel Herbert Nash Dillard ’34, senior professor of English, department head 1941 Award. Established in 1943 by the parents of Philip H. Killey, who lost his life in
for eight years, director of the VMI Glee Club for twenty years, and a member of the North Africa during World War II. The award, based upon unusual academic achieve-
VMI faculty for thirty-eight years. The cash award and certificate are to be presented ment and excellence of character, is made to a second class biology major.
to a member of the graduating class judged by the faculty and staff as the cadet best Philip H. Killey 1941 Award. Established in 1943 by the parents of Philip H. Killey,
emulating the scholarship and dedication to a broad liberal arts education which who lost his life in North Africa during World War II. The award, based upon unusual
characterized Col. Dillard. Consideration will be given to proficiency in a chosen field academic achievement and excellence of character, is made to a second class biolo-
of study, leadership in the Corps of Cadets, and outstanding accomplishments in the gy major.
extracurricular program of the Institute. Alfred H. Knowles 1933 Award. Established by H. C. Knowles of Rochester, New
United Daughters of the Confederacy Sir Moses Ezekiel Award. This award is York, in memory of his son, a member of the Class of 1933, who died as the result of an
given to a cadet who has contributed to the cultural life of the Institute. accident at home on Christmas furlough during his senior year. This award, based upon
Faculty Scholorships for Merit. Recognize academic excellence in engineering, class standing, is made to a graduating biology major.
arts and humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences and mathematics. The The Colonel Robert H. Knox Prize. Memorial prize established in 1985 by the family
awards are funded solely through contributions by retired and current members of the of Colonel Robert H. Knox, VMI class of 1924, who taught mathematics at VMI for 42
VMI faculty. years until his retirement in 1969. Awarded annually to a member of the third class
The John H. French Medal. Dr. John H. French, of New York, Class of 1879, gave to selected by the faculty of the mathematics department as the most promising mathe-
the Institute a sum of money which provides a medal for the member of the graduating matics major of that class.
class for highest proficiency in mathematics. The Richard Driggs LeMay, Jr. Award. Established in 1978 as a memorial to Major
R. D. LeMay, Jr., ’62, helicopter pilot and officer in the Fourth Air Cavalry, First Infantry

20
Division. He was killed in action during his second tour of duty in Vietnam in September resulted in establishment of the Mary Moody Northen Distinguished Scholars Chair
1968. A cash prize is awarded to that cadet deemed most proficient in military history. in the Arts and Social Sciences. The medal recognizes outstanding performance in
The Ralph Bowen Linville Award. Established in 1964 by Mrs. Linville as a memorial research by an Economics and Business major in the graduating class.
to her husband who served on the chemistry faculty from 1947 to 1957. Awarded for Adolfo Ponzanelli Medal. Established in honor of Adolfo Ponzanelli, a native of
excellence to a new cadet majoring in chemistry. Mexico, member of the Class of 1932, for outstanding service to and lifelong interest in
The Sumter L. Lowry Award. The first winner of the Cincinnati Medal, Major the Institute. The medal is awarded in recognition of excellence in the study of modern
General Sumter deLeon Lowry, Class of 1914, has donated a sum of money to the VMI languages by a modern language major in the graduating class. The initial award was
Foundation, Inc., for the purpose of providing a further cash prize to the winner of the made at Finals 1972.
Cincinnati Medal. The Herbert E. Ritchey First Class Award. Established in 1972 by alumni and friends
George C. Marshall Citizen-Soldier Award. The award is given bi-annually to a first of Colonel Herbert E. Ritchey who served on the VMI chemistry faculty for thirty-eight
classman or rising first classman best modeling the attributes displayed by George C. years until his death in 1970. Awarded for excellence in the study of organic chemistry
Marshall as a cadet. to a graduate who is receiving a degree in chemistry or biology. The award consists of a
Marshall Award in History. The George C. Marshall Research Foundation medal and a cash prize.
offers outstanding history majors at VMI the opportunity to study and work at the The Herbert E. Ritchey Third Class Award. A cash prize to a third class chemistry
Marshall Library. Marshall scholars, chosen by the Foundation on recommendation major for excellence in the study of organic chemistry. This award was established in
of the VMI History and Politics Department, do an honors research paper on a topic 1973 by an anonymous donor in memory of Colonel Herbert E. Ritchey who served on
related to the holdings of the Marshall Library. They attend seminars, participate in the faculty for thirty-eight years until his death in 1970.
Marshall Foundation conferences, and receive a stipend at the conclusion of their The Roberts Medal. Established in honor of John W. and Jane M. Roberts to recog-
research activities. nize their lifelong interest in the American free enterprise system and their unswerving
The Richard J. Marshall Award. An admiring comrade of Major General Richard support for the Department of Economics and Business. The medal recognizes out-
J. Marshall during World War II, R. C. Kramer of New York, has established a fund for a standing performance by an Economics and Business major in the graduating class.
cash award to the winner of the Cincinnati Medal. The Sauder Physics Award. Established in 1999 by the Physics and Astronomy
The Commander Harry Millard Mason Awards. Two cash awards established in Department as a memorial to William Conrad Sauder, Class of 1955, for his lifelong
1981 in memory of Commander Harry Millard Mason by Mrs. Mason. The Academic excellence in teaching and research at the Institute.
Proficiency Award made annually to a graduating member of the first class who stands The Jeff Shaara Scholar-in-Residence Award. Established in 1999. Annual award to
first academically in his/her class will accompany the First Jackson Hope Medal. The provide the opportunity to pursue a research topic relating to mid-nineteenth century
second award is made to the graduating first classman recommended by a review American history and to serve as a historical interpreter at New Market Battlefield
committee as the most militarily proficient cadet. State Historical Park. The Shaara scholar will receive a $2,500 cash stipend, a ten-
The Commodore Matthew Fontaine Maury Award. Established in 1985 by the week appointment to the New Market Park staff, and summer lodging on the historic
Virginia Division of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in memory of the famed Bushong Farm.
oceanographer and meteorologist, and former member of the VMI faculty, from 1868 The Francis H. Smith Award. A cash award established in 1981 by an anonymous
until 1872. The award will be made annually to the first-ranking graduate in the mathe- donor as a memorial to Francis H. Smith, VMI’s first Superintendent, is made to a rising
matics curriculum. first classman who has exhibited outstanding academic achievement, extracurricular
Alvin F. Meyer Awards. For the first classman showing highest proficiency in the participation, leadership ability, and demonstrated potential for a professional career.
sanitary engineering courses, and to the second classman standing first in the civil James Preston Taylor 1945 Award. Established in 1959 by Robert L. Wallace, Class
engineering curriculum. of 1924, as a memorial to his nephew who was killed in action on Iwo Jima in World
Paul R. Meyer Award. This award, based upon academic achievement, is given by War II while serving in the U.S. Marine Corps. The award is made to a fourth classman
Dr. Paul R. Meyer, Class of 1924, and is awarded each year to a fourth class biolo- majoring in civil engineering.
gy major. The Randolph T. Townsend Award. In 1951 Mrs. Randolph T. Townsend established
The Superintendent William H. Milton, Jr., Class of 1920 Award. Established by the award as a memorial to her son, a member of the Class of 1950, who was killed in
members of General Milton’s family and members of the Class of 1920. The award, a action in Korea in 1951. A bronze medal and a cash prize are presented annually to the
cash prize, is presented annually to the firststanding cadet in each class in the mechan- first standing graduate in the history curriculum.
ical engineering curriculum. James Clifton Wheat, Jr. Medal. Established in honor of Mr. Wheat, Class of 1941,
Nathaniel W. Pendleton ’22 Award. Established by Nathaniel W. Pendleton, Jr. ’57, to acknowledge his lifelong interest in the economics and business studies at VMI,
of Wytheville, Virginia, in memory of his father. The award is a cash prize and certificate and his leadership in the VMI Foundation’s Economic Fund Drive, 1969-70. The medal
to the first classman standing first in the civil engineering curriculum during his/her recognizes outstanding performance on the Major Field Test-Business by an Economics
first class year. and Business major in the graduating class.
John Robert Philpott Medal. Established in honor of Mr. Philpott, Class of 1935,
to acknowledge his efforts as National Chairman of the Economics Fund Drive which

Commandant’s Awards
Alan d’Andelot Belin Memorial Award. Given to a fourth Classman who has earned as did Lieutenant Bell while at VMI. The recipient receives a cash prize of $100 and an
the respect of their Brother Rats and of the Corps of Cadet by performance within the engraved saber.
Rat system. The award is an engraved mug. The Gen. Burress Marksmanship Awards. The awards are $500 checks and
The William Brent Bell ’67 Award. Established in 1970 as a memorial to First engraved pen sets for the highest shooter (male and female) of the Corps. The 100th
Lieutenant Bell who was killed when his helicopter was shot down by enemy fire in Infantry Division is funding these awards.
Viet Nam in March 1969. It was established by his parents, relatives, classmates and The John Ryd Bush Award. This award recognizes the fourth classman whose
friends to recognize a third class cadet who has shown excellence in military studies military character and proficiency are most noteworthy. It was established in 1944 by

21
William E. Bush as a memorial to his son, a member of the Class of 1946, who died in The Association of Military Colleges and Schools of the United States Medal.
1944 as a result of an accident while on Army duty during World War II. Given to a graduating cadet who has demonstrated significant improvement in leader-
The Commandant’s Cup. Established in 1959, the Commandant’s Cup is awarded “to ship skills.
the cadet company making the best score in certain aspects of physical training” to be Class of 1964 New Market Legacy Award. Presented to a Brother Rat of the
given to the cadet company excelling in physical fitness activities for the academic year. graduating First Class whose cadetship in the opinion of his or her Brother Rats is most
The Community Service Award. Established in 2012 by the Commandant of Cadets, reflective of the character, honor, and spirit of the 1864 New Market Corps of Cadets.
Colonel Thomas H. Trumps, VMI Class of 1979, to recognize a cadet who served as an The North Post Challenge Award. Established in 2012 by the Commandant of
emergency medical technician, firefighter or rescue squad member. The recipient will Cadets, Colonel Thomas H. Trumps, VMI Class of 1979, to recognize the company team
receive a personally embroidered medical travel kit and $100. with the highest combined fitness and marksmanship score. The award is given to the
The VMI Distinguished Third Class Leadership Award. Established by Nathaniel W. company team with the highest score in the following events: swimming, foot march,
Pendleton, Junior, VMI Class of 1957, to encourage and recognize praiseworthy leader- trap shoot, rifle marksmanship, rock climbing, obstacle course, and confidence climb.
ship in the proper practical education, training and development of fourth class cadets Company score will also count towards the overall Commandant’s Cup Award. The
by members of the third class. It is given to a third class cadet who has participated as first, second and third place company teams will also receive individual hand crafted
a member of the new cadet training cadre or rat challenge training cadre, and who has sheath knives.
exhibited the most praiseworthy leadership. The award recipient will receive a cash The VMI Physical Fitness Award. Established in 2012 by the Commandant of Cadets,
prize of $250 and a collection of books on leadership. Colonel Thomas H. Trumps, VMI Class of 1979, to recognize the male and female cadets
The Lemuel MacKennie Long Jarman Award. Established in 1940 by Dr. F. G. achieving the highest VFT score during the academic year. Recipients will receive an
Jarman in memory of his son, a member of the Class of 1943, who died as a result engraved sports bottle and $100.
of an accident during equitation instruction, the award provides a cash prize for the The Colonel Thomas H. Trumps ’79 Award Given to a graduating first class private
member of the fourth class who has been most outstanding in scholarship, conduct, who has accepted an active duty commission in one of the Armed Forces and has
and character. demonstrated active participation in a leadership role in one of the VMI Club Sports.
The 3rd Class Marksmanship Award. Established in 2012 by Commandant of Cadets, The recipient will receive a $500 check.
Colonel Thomas H. Trumps, VMI Class of 1979, to recognize the company highest scor- The Veteran’s Recognition Award. Established in 2012 by the Commandant of
ing average with the M-16/AR-15 service rifle. The certificate of achievement is given Cadets, Colonel Thomas H. Trumps, VMI Class of 1979, to recognize a cadet who is
to the company with the highest average score on the 25 meter alternate course “c” a veteran of active duty military service and has continued to serve through exem-
qualification target. Company scores will also count towards the overall Commandant’s plary leadership and mentorship in the Corps of Cadets. The recipient will receive an
Cup Award. Third class cadets scoring 38-40 hits during the record qualification will engraved mug and $100.
receive the U.S. army expert rifle qualification badge.

Military Awards
The Garnett Andrews Cup. Presented in 1915 by Garnett Andrews, Class of 1890, the Lieutenant John H. Lattin, Jr. ’66 Award. Established in 1983 by the parents of Lt.
Garnett Andrews Cup is awarded to the cadet company scoring highest throughout the John H. Lattin, Jr. ’66, who was killed in action in Vietnam in December 1967. Awarded
session in drills, ceremonies, and general efficiency as a military unit. to the outstanding infantry graduate receiving an Army commission, and who had a
The Garnett Andrews Prizes. Begun in 1915 by Garnett Andrews, Class of 1890, and distinguished military record during four years at VMI.
continued since his death by his son and namesake who graduated from VMI in 1927, a The Charles R. Martin ’55 Award. As a memorial to Charles R. Martin who died in
first prize of $350 and a second prize of $150 are awarded to members of the graduating an automobile accident on the day of his graduation in June 1955, his parents have
class who submit the best papers on a military subject, approved by the Commandant, established a prize consisting of a silver tray which is awarded annually to the graduate
and whose military records through their cadetships have been commendable. accepting a commission in the armed forces who has demonstrated special excellence
Colonel Thomas St. John Arnold ’35 Award. Established in 1987 by Colonel Thomas in military studies and outstanding leadership in the Corps of Cadets.
St. John Arnold ’35, USA Retired, the award will be presented to a graduating first class General Douglas MacArthur Cadet Award. This award is given to a cadet demon-
private who is accepting a regular Army commission. strating the most soldierly performance by a 1st class cadet, considering academics,
Colonel Earl L. Brown Award. Established in 1983 as a memorial to the former athletics, and leadership.
Commandant of Cadets at John Marshall High School in Richmond. Awarded to VMI’s Chesty Puller Award, First Marine Division. Given to the commissioning first class
George C. Marshall ROTC Award recipient. Marine Option who exhibits the highest qualities of leadership.
100th Infantry Division Lieutenant General Withers A. Burress Scholarship Fund Major General Stephen Sewell, Jr. ’60 Award. A scholarship given to a 3rd or
Awards. These cash scholarships are presented to rising 1st Classmen and rising 2nd 4 year ROTC Scholarship recipient, in high standing with both VMI and the Army
th

Classmen on the basis of scholarship, leadership, and military proficiency, in honor of ROTC Department.
the men of the 100th Infantry Division and their commander, Lieutenant General Withers General Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr. 6th Marine Division Awards. These awards are
A. Burress, VMI Class of 1914. given to the top two Marine graduates in the Naval ROTC program at VMI.
The Charles H. Dayhuff, Jr. ’31 First Captain Award. An award given by the family The Superintendent’s Cup. Established in 2010, the Superintendent’s Cup is award-
of Colonel Charles H. Dayhuff, Jr. ’31, to the First Captain in the Cadet Regiment. ed to the company with the highest cumulative point total in the three scored areas of
Chief of Naval Operations Distinguished Midshipman Graduate Award. This academics, military efficiency, and physical fitness.
award is presented to a cadet commissioning with the Navy who has demonstrated the The Earl L. Valentine, Jr., Award. Established in 1972 under the terms of the will of
highest academic excellence. Judge E. L. Valentine of Lexington, Va. The award is a memorial to Judge Valentine’s
The Captain John W. Kennedy ’69 Award. An award that goes to the outstanding son, a member of the Class of 1949A who graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in
VMI Air Force ROTC graduate. Captain Kennedy was a classic VMI man. He triumphed 1951. Lieutenant Valentine was mortally wounded in August 1952, while leading a pla-
scholastically, athletically, and militarily. He was the last VMI graduate lost in the toon in the Korean War. The award is given annually to a graduating cadet who excels
Vietnam War and his remains were repatriated in 1996. in leadership.

22
Brigadier General Alonzo J. Walter ’49B Award. Presented to the most outstand- Lieutenant Mark R. Wilson Midshipman Award. An award named in his son’s
ing Air Force ROTC graduate. honor, to recognize an outstanding 1st Class Navy ROTC Midshipman.

Athletic Awards
The Lieutenant General Edward Mallory Almond ’15 Award for Academic- lacrosse, rifle, men’s soccer, men’s swimming, and wrestling. The outstanding athlete
Athletic-Military Excellence. Established by the General John H. Forney Historical among women’s sports.
Society of Alabama in 1981 as a memorial to General Almond. Given annually to a grad- The Frank Summers Team Leadership Award. Established in 1975 in memory of
uating cadet who has made outstanding contributions to VMI’s intercollegiate athletic Francis L. (Frank) Summers, Class of 1922, who earned more VMI monograms than
program while distinguishing himself through academic achievement and soldierly anyone in the Institute’s history. Awarded to an athlete in the first class chosen by the
bearing and aptitude. Athletic Council as the outstanding team leader.
The Intercollegiate Sports Award. Three recipients: The outstanding athlete
among football, basketball, baseball, and men’s track. The outstanding athlete among

Institutional Information
Dismissal and Other Penalties
In the interest of good order and discipline, the Institute reserves the right to Demerits, restriction to post limits, and penalty tours are assigned for infractions
dismiss, suspend, or otherwise penalize any cadet who does not properly adapt to not so serious as to merit dismissal or suspension, and demerits alone are assigned for
the life and work of the college. Among the offenses that are considered seriously minor offenses. An excessive accumulation of demerits is regarded as failure or inability
subversive of high standards of character and conduct and, which may result in to adjust satisfactorily to the military requirements and may result in suspension
dismissal, are disobedience of orders, combinations against authority, hazing, uncivil or dismissal.
or disorderly conduct, use or possession of alcoholic beverages within the limits of Transcripts of cadets dismissed for disciplinary reasons and transcripts of cadets
the Institute or in a way to bring discredit to the Corps, absence without leave, habitual dismissed for honor violations are correspondingly annotated.
neglect of academic or military duty, and unauthorized use of explosives. Any use or Cadets dismissed for disciplinary reasons may petition to be readmitted after being
possession of unauthorized illegal drugs or unauthorized possession, distribution, or absent from the Institute for one year.
use of prescribed drugs is a dismissal offense. Any conviction of an honor violation is a
dismissal offense.

Jeanne Clery Act

(Student Right to Know Information)
The Jeanne Clery Act requires all institutions of higher education to publicly dis- concerning reported crimes that occurred on post, in certain offpost buildings or prop-
close 3 years of campus crime statistics and basic security policies. In addition, federal erty owned or controlled by VMI, and on the public property within, or immediately ad-
regulations require disclosure of graduation rates for each institution (overall and for jacent to and accessible from the post. The report also includes information regarding
athletes). VMI has chosen to include its sexual harassment and sexual assault policies the law enforcement authority of the post police, policies concerning campus security,
with this information. such as crime prevention, alcohol and drug use, sexual assault, domestic and dating
Your personal safety and the security of the community are of vital concern to the violence, stalking, and reporting of any crimes which may occur on campus. You can
Virginia Military Institute. A copy of the Institute’s annual security report is available obtain a copy of this report by contacting the Office of Communications and Marketing
upon request. This report includes statistics for the most recent three-year period (540-464-7207), Smith Hall, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia 24450-0304.

Health Services
An annual fee, included among the fixed fees listed elsewhere in this catalogue, for or participating in intramural or club athletic events, the military program, clubs,
provides for routine medical and psychological care. The Post Hospital houses the or similar activities. VMI does provide accident insurance for cadets which will cover
Office of Cadet Counseling and the VMI Infirmary. Counselors are available by appoint- up to $5,000 for injuries incurred while participating in VMI sponsored and sanctioned
ment for a wide range of issues that college students confront. A physician and a nurse activities. This insurance policy will be secondary to any medical coverage provided
practitioner are available to attend to the medical needs of cadets. The infirmary is by families. VMI strongly recommends that cadets be covered by a primary insurance
staffed by nurses who are on duty all the time while cadets are present during the fall policy provided through their families or purchased from an insurance company
and spring semesters. The infirmary allows for observation, isolation and treatment of independent of the Institute.
routine illnesses and injuries. In case of serious illness, serious injury, or when surgery
is required, arrangements are made for the necessary treatment off Post. Diagnostic
tests or treatment which cannot be done at the VMI infirmary are not included in
the annual fee and are the responsibility of the cadet. The Institute does not assume
responsibility for the expense of caring for injuries sustained by students while training

23
Loss of Personal Property
The Institute is not responsible for losses of uniforms, equipment, or personal prop- session. The Institute recommends that a cadet’s personal property be insured through
erty of cadets, either for items stored during furlough periods or lost during the regular extended coverage of the parent’s or guardian’s homeowners/tenant coverage.

Marriage and Parenthood

All VMI cadets must live in Barracks and participate in a demanding and rigorous parenthood are deemed to begin upon the birth of a cadet’s biological child for whom
military program that does not permit attention to the duties implied by marriage or the cadet has custody, childcare responsibilities, or legal support obligations. A cadet
parenthood. Pursuant to resolution by the Board of Visitors 25-January-2014, and who becomes pregnant can continue as a cadet until it is medically determined that
General Order No. 7, dated 30-April-2014, any cadet who marries or incurs the respon- she cannot fulfill the duties and meet the standards expected of a cadet. The cadet is
sibilities of parenthood is expected to resign from the Corps. Absent voluntary resigna- then put on medical leave until fit to return to duty. Any cadet, male or female, who has
tion, should the Institute, in its reasonable judgment, conclude that a cadet is married incurred the responsibilities of parenthood must make legally sufficient arrangements
or has incurred the responsibilities of parenthood; such cadet shall be separated from for another individual to have temporary custody and legal guardianship of the child to
the Corps, for failure of eligibility. For the purpose of this policy, the responsibilities of qualify for readmission.

Motor Vehicles
Cadets are prohibited from owning, maintaining or operating motor vehicles in by not providing automobiles. Violation of this rule may result in penalty as prescribed
Lexington and Rockbridge County until the first class year. This regulation, like all oth- by the Blue Book.
ers, was adopted for the good of the cadets, and parents must assist in its enforcement

Student Records
FERPA/Student Records Disclosure of Educational Records
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), 20 U.S.C. § 1232g; 34 CFR Education records may be disclosed if a student provides a written and specific
Part 99, protects the privacy of student education records, defined broadly to include release. A model format for such release may be obtained from the Registrar’s Office.
all records maintained by an institution of higher education or an agency acting for VMI also may disclose education records to the parents of students who have provided
such institution that are directly related to a student. Virginia Military Institute complies a specific release authorizing disclosure to parents.
with the provisions of FERPA in maintaining cadet education records and responding to VMI may disclose information from education records without the student’s
requests for disclosure of education records. consent under certain circumstances detailed in FERPA including, but not limited to,
Student Rights: the following:
Students have certain rights concerning education records maintained by VMI, »» School officials with legitimate educational interest;
including the following: “School officials” for purposes of this policy include, but are not necessarily limited
1. Students have the right to inspect and review their own education records main- to, faculty, administrative and professional staff, clerical personnel, members of
tained by the VMI. Copies of records will not be provided unless, for reasons such as the ROTC units acting in discharge of official duties, contractors to whom VMI has
great distance, it is impossible for students to review the records. A reasonable fee outsourced certain Institute services or functions, the VMI Alumni Agencies, and
may be charged for copies. cadets acting in an official capacity in support of the VMI mission including Honor
2. Students have the right to request that VMI amend records which are believed to Court and cadet government members.
be inaccurate, misleading, or in violation of the student’s privacy rights. If VMI “Legitimate educational interest” typically will be determined on a case-by-case
determines that the record is inaccurate, misleading, or in violation of the student’s basis. Generally, a legitimate educational interest will exist when the information is
privacy rights then VMI shall amend the record and inform the student in writing relevant and necessary for a VMI official to perform tasks within the scope of his or
of the amendment. If VMI decides not to amend the record, the student then has her job description in the context of official VMI business and the use is consistent
the right to a formal hearing. After the hearing, if VMI still decides not to amend the with the purpose for which the information is maintained.
record, the student has the right to place a statement with the record setting forth »» Outside contracted or affiliated agencies performing functions in support of the
his or her view about the contested information or stating why he or she disagrees VMI mission;
with VMI’s determination, or both. »» Other post-secondary institutions to which a student is transferring or seek-
3. Students seeking to inspect or review education records or to seek amendment ing transfer;
should contact the Registrar’s Office. »» Federal and state entities in connection with financial aid eligibility or awards, an
4. Students have a right to consent to disclosure of personally identifiable information audit or evaluation of federal or state-supported education programs, or for the
in the student’s education record, subject to certain exemptions under FERPA autho- enforcement of or compliance with federal legal requirements related to federal
rizing disclosure without consent, as detailed below. education programs;
5. Cadets/students may obtain information regarding FERPA or may file a complaint »» In accordance with a validly issued subpoena and after notice to the affected cadet;
with the U.S. Department of Education concerning VMI’s compliance with FERPA by »» Specified officials for audit or evaluation purposes;
contacting the Family Policy Compliance Office at: Family Policy Compliance Office, »» Organizations conducting certain studies for or on behalf of VMI;
U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20202- »» Accrediting organizations, including the Southern Association of Colleges and
5920, Phone: 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) Schools—Commission on Colleges;

24
»» In connection with a health or safety emergency, including release of information In accordance with Virginia Code § 23.1-405(C), VMI will not release pursuant to
regarding an act of sexual violence to local law enforcement as required by Va. Code the FERPA directory information exception, 34 C.F.R. § 99.31(a)(11), cadet address,
§ 23.1-806; telephone number, or email address unless the cadet has affirmatively consented in
»» Disclosure of the final results of a disciplinary proceeding for an offense of violence writing to such disclosure. VMI will obtain written consent to include cadet address,
or a non-forcible sex offense in violation of the cadet rules of conduct (“Blue Book”) telephone number, and email address in any directory searchable by the public or any
or other VMI policy, to the victim of such offense; VMI internal directory.
»» Criminal investigation records disclosed by the VMI Police to local law enforcement In accordance with Virginia Code § 2.2-3705.4(B), VMI will not release cadet address,
or the Virginia State Police; phone number, or email address in response to a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
»» In connection with the Virginia Longitudinal Data System; request without written consent of the cadet. VMI reserves the right to deny re-
»» Directory information. quests for cadet directory information from any individual or entity external to the
VMI community.
Directory Information See General Order #9, Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and
Student Records Policy, for more detailed information on VMI’s FERPA policies.
“Directory information” is defined by VMI to include a cadet’s name, home address,
VMI box number, VMI email address, telephone number, photograph, date and place of
birth, honors and awards, participation in VMI recognized activities and sports, weight
Record Updates
and height of members of athletic teams, major field of study, ROTC unit affiliation and Cadets are responsible for keeping their personal records updated while enrolled.
dates of attendance. Cadet and parent home address changes and changes for emergency contacts must
Other than cadet address, telephone number, and email address, directory be reported immediately by the cadet to the VMI Registrar’s Office. Address changes
information may be released by VMI unless a cadet specifically requests to “opt out” of may not be made by telephone. Changes in health insurance should be reported to the
directory information release before the end of the first week of the fall semester. Opt VMI Hospital.
out requests must be made in writing to the Director of Communications and Marketing
and remain in effect until rescinded by the cadet, including after graduation.

Reserve Officers Training Corps

At VMI the Department of Defense maintains Army, Naval, and Air Force Reserve to consult with the VMI ROTC detachments if they have questions, and are eligible to
Officers Training Corps (ROTC) units. Every cadet must take ROTC as an all-college declare those ROTC designations upon approval from the appropriate unit.
program requirement for completion of their degree. All cadets who are citizens of the United States and who qualify physically, mentally,
All cadets who desire to commission and otherwise meet Navy/Marine or Air Force and morally are encouraged to contract with an ROTC unit. The length of the active
ROTC eligibility criteria can enroll in those ROTC programs at VMI. Cadets who desire to duty and reserve status period varies with the personnel needs of the Department of
commission in the Army, do not wish to commission, or who do not meet the criteria for Defense. VMI can make no guarantee of enrollment or of continuance in the ROTC as
the other services, will be enrolled in the Army ROTC Program. Cadets are encouraged these matters are controlled by the Federal government.

Army
The mission of Army ROTC is to commission the future officer leadership of the military history. They must also succeed during the four-week Advanced Camp, which
U.S. Army and to motivate young people to be better citizens. Any cadet interested in takes place during the summer between the junior and senior years. On a competi-
developing leadership skills in a challenging environment will benefit from what Army tive basis, cadets may also attend other training during summer breaks. This training
ROTC has to offer. Those cadets who are committed to serving their county and who includes Army courses such as Airborne School, Air Assault School, The Mountain
desire a career as a commissioned Army officer will find themselves well prepared by Warfare School, and Internships both at home and abroad. To be considered for this
the top Army ROTC program in the nation. This four-year program is divided into a basic training, cadets must be intent on commissioning.
and an advanced course. The Basic Course, during a cadet’s first two years, consists Army ROTC is a demanding program that requires commitment from each cadet.
of instruction in the basics of teamwork, leadership, and exciting hands-on skills. The However, the rewards more than equal the effort. All cadets will benefit from a greater
Advanced Course, for cadets in their last two years, focuses on practical group leader- understanding of their country and its Army, and from practical, demonstrated
ship and advanced military skills. Army ROTC is centered on leadership development, leadership ability. Those cadets who choose to serve, upon successful completion of
with individual feedback and counseling provided to each cadet. Cadets will learn in the program and graduation from VMI, will commission as a Second Lieutenant in the
both classroom and field environments, and Army ROTC offers a Field Training Exercise United States Army, Army Reserve, or Army National Guard.
each semester, designed to enhance cadets’ confidence, teamwork, and leadership
abilities. In addition, Army ROTC sponsors a number of extracurricular cadet clubs and
activities, including the Cadet Battery, Ranger Company, and the Ranger Challenge
competition. Cadets pursuing an Army commission are strongly encouraged to partici-
pate in these activities.
Qualified cadets are encouraged to contract with Army ROTC as a scholarship or
non-scholarship cadet. Contracted cadets receive a monthly stipend of $300 during the
freshman year, $350 as a sophomore, $450 as a junior, and $500 during the senior year.
Contracting is the first step toward earning a commission as a second lieutenant in the
U.S. Army.
In addition to eight semesters of Army ROTC, cadets pursuing a commission must
complete a professional military educational requirement of one semester of U.S.

25
Navy and Marine Corps
The Naval ROTC is a four-year course of instruction to provide cadets the opportu- Marine-option cadets, provide a forum for activities related specifically to each service.
nity to earn regular commissions in either the Navy or the Marine Corps. Cadets who Field training exercises are dynamic events ranging from small unit tactics training at
enroll in the Naval ROTC will receive instruction leading to possible careers in the naval regional military bases to familiarization visits to operational ships and squadrons in
service in the air, on the land or at sea. Specifically, Navy-option cadets will receive in- the fleet.
struction in naval history & traditions, naval ship systems/operations and management. A cadet may become an NROTC midshipman either by selection for a national
Concurrently, Marine-option cadets will study Marine Corps history & traditions, the NROTC scholarship before matriculation at VMI or by nomination and selection after
evolution of warfare, amphibious warfare, and will be introduced to the all elements of matriculation for either the scholarship or for the NROTC College Program. 2-year
the Marine Air Ground Task Force. All cadets will receive instruction in management, and 3-year scholarship selectees incur a service commitment once they begin their
leadership and ethics throughout their four years in the program. junior or sophomore year, respectively. NROTC College Program cadets participate
The NROTC unit at VMI stresses the core values of honor, courage and commit- in NROTC classes and unit activities just like scholarship cadets. Advanced Standing
ment both in the classroom and through practical application designed to develop College Program cadets do not receive scholarships but may receive monthly stipends
strong leadership skills. Activities outside the classroom include Navy and Marine of $350 during the junior year and $400 during the senior year. Graduation from VMI
Corps ceremonies and traditions, field training exercises and physical training. Two and completion of the Naval Science program can lead to a commission and service as a
professional societies: Trident Society for Navy-option cadets and Semper Fi Society for Navy or Marine Corps officer.

Air Force
The Air Force ROTC Program provides college-level education in order to qualify combat support. Entry into specific career fields depends on individual qualifications
eligible cadets for commissioned service in the United States Air Force. The four-year and the needs of the Air Force.
program is offered in two distinct two-year courses: the General Military Course (GMC) A continuing need for officers with all backgrounds results in attractive scholarship
and the Professional Officer Course (POC). opportunities. Students who accept an AFROTC scholarship incur the same basic ser-
The GMC concentrates on basic Air Force organization and air power history. Eligible vice obligation as their non-scholarship counterparts. Scholarships range from two to
GMC cadets may compete for a commission and are evaluated based on academics, four years in length and may cover full or partial tuition, $600 towards books, and fees.
physical fitness, and motivation. The POC is designed to build leadership and profes- AFROTC scholarships do not cover room and board or the VMI quartermaster charge.
sional qualities by concentrating on the principles of leadership, management, and Successful completion of the AFROTC program results in a commission as a second
national security policies. AFROTC also sponsors a variety of extracurricular activities lieutenant in the United States Air Force. The service obligation for non-flying officers is
designed to increase leadership and management training and orient cadets to the Air four years of active duty. For pilots and combat systems officers, the service obligation
Force. Such activities include base visits, potential orientation flights, field training is ten and six years, respectively, from completion of training. For more information
exercises and flight simulator visits. visit: http://www.afrotc.com.
Cadets may apply for career fields of their choice: such as pilot, combat systems
officer, space operations, nuclear missile operations, research and development, and

ROTC Scholarships
Four-year ROTC Scholarships are awarded to selected high school graduates on a Air Force: HQ AFROTC/RRUC
national competitive basis. They are normally awarded by the services before matricu- Maxwell AFB, AL 36112-6106
lation at VMI; however, ROTC scholarships in college may become available for cadets www.afrotc.com
based upon demonstrated performance, academic proficiency and motivation toward a 1-866-4AF-ROTC
service career. Details are available at each of the ROTC departments at VMI. There are numerous active duty and reserve forces duty on-campus scholarship
Application deadlines for these scholarship programs normally fall near the end of opportunities for cadets enrolled in the Army ROTC program. Those interested cadets
the first semester of the senior year in high school. Details may be obtained from the must meet minimum qualifying standards such as maintaining a 2.5 cumulative GPA,
following sources: are United States citizens, and must be medically and physically qualified. These
Army: Commander on-campus scholarships provide financial coverage for all cost minus room and board
U.S. Army Cadet Command and the quartermaster fee, $1200 per semester for books, and a monthly stipend of up
Scholarship Processing Branch to $300-$500 per month during the academic year.
Fort Knox, KY 40121-5123 Naval ROTC also offers on-campus scholarship opportunities, specifically three and
(502) 624-7371 two year scholarship opportunities for qualified and recommended applicants. The
[email protected] general enrollment criteria are: Be a citizen of the United States, maintain at least a 2.5
www.armyrotc.com grade point average on a 4.0 scale, be medically qualified, be not less than 17 years old
Navy/Marine Corps: Naval Service Training Command and not yet 23 by 01 September of the year of enrollment and must not have reached
Officer Development 27 th birthday upon graduation and commissioning, and be morally qualified and possess
NAS Pensacola officer like qualifications. Scholarship benefits cover all academic tuition and certain
Pensacola, FL 32508-5220 fees, required books and academic equipment, Navy/Marine Corps Uniforms, $250-
1-800-NAV-ROTC $400 per month in subsistence pay for a maximum of 10 months each year. This pay
www.nrotc.navy.mil increases by $50 each year, so that as seniors, Midshipmen make $400 per month. The
Navy also offers a two year, subsidized College Program for Cadets who want to serve

26
their country in leadership roles as officers in the Navy or Marine Corps. Applicants graduation, Midshipmen on scholarship or with Advanced Standing are commissioned
for the College Program are selected from students already attending VMI. Prior to as Ensigns in the regular Navy or Second Lieutenants in the Marine Corps.
beginning their junior year, College Program Midshipmen with at least a 2.5 GPA will be Air Force ROTC has competitive 2-3 1/2 year scholarships that cover full or partial
considered for advanced standing. Midshipmen enrolled in this program receive the tuition and fees for freshmen and sophomore cadets enrolled in the program with a
same Naval Science education as their counterparts in the scholarship program. After GPA of 2.5 or above and who meet other qualifying factors. AFROTC scholarships do
not cover room and board or the VMI quartermaster charge.

Physical Requirements
Specific physical requirements vary among ROTC programs. Cadets must be phys- (first two years) upon successful completion of the VMI entrance physical and are given
ically qualified for formal enrollment in the ROTC program of their choice, including a physical examination before formal enrollment in the Advanced ROTC Program (last
specialized programs such as aviation. The physical examination for all ROTC two years). Eligible Air Force ROTC cadets who are competing for a commission are
programs includes testing for drug, chemical, and alcohol abuse and dependency. normally examined during their first year at VMI.
Cadets are normally admitted to the Army or the Naval ROTC College Program (Basic)

Benefits
Qualified ROTC cadets will receive the following benefits: »» Air Force ROTC contracted cadets will receive a monthly stipend of $300 for fresh-
»» Uniform allowance up to approximately $3,000 over four years. man, $350 for sophomores, $450 for juniors, and $500 for seniors.
»» Army ROTC contracted cadets receive a tax free monthly stipend of $300 as a fresh- »» Summer training pay, which varies with type and length of training, plus a travel
man, $350 as a sophomore, $450 as a junior, and $500 as a senior. allowance, room, board, and uniforms if required.
»» Naval ROTC scholarship and college program advanced standing cadets receive
a monthly stipend. Freshmen receive $250, sophomores $300, juniors $350, and
seniors $400. College program basic cadets receive a uniform allowance only.

Summer Training
Army. ›› (Marine) Mountain Warfare Training Center (MWTC) in Bridgeport, CA, learning
small unit leadership skills in an arduous Mountain environment. Those Marine
Cadets intent on commissioning may compete for training opportunities at a num-
Option Midshipmen who are not selected for MWTC shall attend an amphibious
ber of Army schools during the summer months. These schools include Airborne, Air
surface cruise.
Assault, Northern Warfare, and Mountain Warfare. During the summer after the junior
»» 3rd Summer:
year, all contracted cadets will attend the Cadt Leaders Course (CLC), known as “Warrior
›› (Navy) Junior Officer Cruise in the midshipmen’s chosen/desired war-
Forge” at Fort Knox, KY. A cadet’s performance at this intensive five-week training event
fare community.
plays a significant role in the cadet’s competition for an Army commission, determining
›› (Marine) Officer Candidate School, Quantico, VA.
the type of commission, selection of Army professional branch, and follow-on duty as-
Note: 3rd Summer training is a Title 10, U.S.C. requirement in order to commission as
signments. After CLC, selected cadets may attend Cadet Troop Leader Training (CTLT).
an Ensign or 2nd Lieutenant. Advanced Standing College Program midshipmen are only
CTLT cadets are sent to regular Army units in the United States and overseas to perform
required to fulfill the 3rd summer training requirement.
as platoon leaders for two or three weeks, depending on location.

Navy/Marine Corps. Air Force.

Cadets selected for enrollment into the POC must attend Air Force ROTC field
Scholarship Program Midshipmen of both services are trained for approximately
traning normally during the summer between their sophomore and junior years. This
four to six weeks during each summer between academic years.
training, conducted at Maxwell Air Force Base, AL, is designed to develop military
»» 1st Summer:
leadership and discipline as well as provide an orientation to Air Force operations. At
›› (ALL) Career Orientation and Training for Midshipmen (CORTRAMID).
the same time, each cadet is evaluated for potential as an Air Force officer. Field training
Midshipmen will spend a week with each Naval community (aviation, subma-
normally includes marksmanship, expeditionary operations, and physical fitness train-
rines, and surface) and one week with the Marine Corps. The intent is to intro-
ing. A variety of professional development training programs are available to qualified
duce the midshipmen to the career opportunities available in each community/
GMC cadets during the summer between their freshman and sophomore years and to
service.
interested POC cadets between their junior and senior years. Cadets may participate
»» 2nd Summer:
in career field orientation at locations around the world in jobs such as pilot, aircraft
›› (Navy) Enlisted Cruise aboard operational ships across the fleet in order for the
maintenance, security forces, or missile launch officer.
midshipmen to develop an appreciation of the role/life of the enlisted sailor.

Commissions
Successful completion of the ROTC program leads to a commission in one of the of the Department of Defense. The Army also offers Reserve Force and National
armed forces provided the cadet is fully eligible and qualified under regulations Guard commissions.

27
Credits for Previous Military Service or ROTC
Cadets who have served in the armed forces but do not hold reserve commissions Credit for ROTC work at another institution offering senior ROTC courses is allowed
may be given credit for all or part of the Basic Course at the discretion of the Professor upon receipt of an official transcript of the ROTC record from the former institution.
of Military Science (PMS) or the Professor of Aerospace Studies (PAS). Appropriate credit for Junior ROTC work may be granted by the PMS/PNS/PAS.
Questions about specific requirements and procedure should be referred to the
PMS/PNS/PAS.

Federal Selective Service Registration Law

Enrollment at VMI does not preclude the requirement to register with the
Selective Service.

Advising & Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) Curriculum

Fall and Spring Semester Requirements (Updated
Spring 2011)
»» Aerospace Studies (AS)
»» Military Science (MS)
»» Naval Science (NS & MC)
Notes:
* LS courses are required for cadets who are not seeking a commission.
Academic and G.P.A. Requirements for contract/scholarship/commission seek-
ing cadets
G.P.A. is cumulative unless otherwise stated
R.O.T.C. instructors are willing to provide assistance and/or clarification.
Air Force ext. 7354
Army ext. 7351
Marines/Navy ext. 7275

28
The Curricula
Fourth Class (Freshman) Year
Because the Institute has a carefully structured program leading to graduation in Biology, Chemistry, Civil Engineering, Computer and Information Sciences, Electrical
each of its various curricula, it is advisable to choose at the outset the curriculum in and Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Physics with Nuclear
which one plans to graduate. However, there are enough elements common to all Concentration, and Psychology, and the liberal arts (Economics and Business, English,
curricula in the Fourth Class not only to give cadets a sense of common academic Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies, History, International Studies and Political Science,
purpose but also to make transfers possible during the first year and even the second. and Modern Languages and Cultures.
Basically, the curricula divide between science and engineering (Applied Mathematics,

Note
The course offerings and requirements of the Virginia Military Institute are under examination and revision continually. This catalogue merely presents the offerings and
requirements in effect at the time of publication and in no way guarantees that the offerings and requirements will not change.

Aerospace Studies
For further information, please see the “Reserve Officers Training Corps” section.

Applied Mathematics
The cadet who majors in applied mathematics obtains a sound basic education private sector. Recently, cadets have taken internships at the Center for Army Analysis,
required for a career in the fields of Operations Research, statistics, or computational Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Labs, MIT Lincoln Labs, and NASA.
mathematics. Our approach emphasizes an interdisciplinary approach, extensive Mathematics staff members serve as curricular advisers to aid majors in planning
use of technology, and modeling of real world problems. A variety of positions in the their degree programs. Normally, the same adviser approves a major’s program each
military, government, industry, and business are available to a graduate with a B.S. in semester and advises the cadet throughout the entire cadetship.
Applied Mathematics.
Cadets majoring in applied mathematics are also well prepared to continue their ed- Major in Applied Mathematics
ucation at the graduate level in Operations Research, statistics, or applied mathematics. »» Applied Mathematics, B.S.
Opportunities exist for cadet to participate in the Applied & Industrial Mathematics
(AIM) program during the summer or internships with governmental agencies or in the Minors in Applied Mathematics
»» Mathematics Minor

Applied Mathematics, B.S.

Requirements for B.S. Degree in Applied Mathematics

The B.S. in Applied Mathematics requires 136 semester hours which includes a min- MA 495—Advanced Research Projects in Applied Mathematics Credit Hours: 1-3
imum of 58 hours of mathematics. The following gives minimum requirements for the and 15 semester hours chosen from 300 or 400 level mathematics courses
degree. Additional courses to complete the requirements must be chosen by the cadet
with the approval of his/her departmental adviser. Science
16 semester hours from two different sciences.
Mathematics All courses must be laboratory courses.
MA 103—Matrix Algebra Credit Hours: 2
MA 110—Mathematical Software Credit Hours: 3 English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 10 semester hours to include
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3
MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4 ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3
MA 305—Elementary Linear Algebra Credit Hours: 3 ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1
MA 310—Matlab Programming Credit Hours: 3 and a 200, 300 or 400 level ERH elective
MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3
MA 319—Mathematical Methods of Operations Research Credit Hours: 3 History & Leadership
MA 320—Mathematical Modeling Credit Hours: 3 9 semester hours of
MA 326—Probability and Statistics Credit Hours: 3 HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3
MA 405—Statistics Credit Hours: 3 HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3
MA 432—Numerical Analysis Credit Hours: 3 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3
MA 490W—Research Practicum in Applied Mathematics Credit Hours: 3

29
Military Science Civilization & Cultures
12 semester hours. 6 semester hours from the VMI list of approved “X” designated courses.

Physical Education Writing Intensive

4 semester hours. 6 semester hours from the VMI list of approved “W” designated courses.

Free Electives
27 credits of free electives with the restriction of no 100 or 200 level MA courses.

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Applied Mathematics

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
MA 103—Matrix Algebra Credit Hours: 2 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * or
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5

Second Semester
MA 110—Mathematical Software Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 or
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4 or
MA 310—Matlab Programming Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Science—Elective (Biology, Chemistry or Physics w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5-16
PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5

Second Semester
MA 320—Mathematical Modeling Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Science—Elective (Biology, Chemistry or Physics w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 or
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5—18

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

MA 305—Elementary Linear Algebra Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
MA 326—Probability and Statistics Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Mathematics—Mathematics Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
MA 319—Mathematical Methods of Operations Research Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
MA 405—Statistics Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Mathematics—Mathematics Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

MA 432—Numerical Analysis Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
MA 490W—Research Practicum in Applied Mathematics Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Mathematics—Mathematics Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5

30
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
MA 495—Advanced Research Projects in Applied Mathematics Credit Hours: 1-3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Mathematics—Mathematics Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16
ELEC Mathematics—Mathematics Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 136
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 * Minimum Grade of C required

Biology
The mission of the VMI biology department is to broadly train students to under- I and II with labs, and biochemistry) and two semesters of physics (general physics I
stand how living organisms function and to appreciate the intricacies and interactions and II with labs). Students completing the B.A. in biology must show proficiency in a
that govern all living systems. This mission supports the broader VMI mission of foreign language (completion through the 200 level of a language), take two semesters
creating citizen soldiers, by equipping students to make informed decisions that will of chemistry (general chemistry I and II with labs) and then either the organic chemistry
better society. We accomplish this by providing students with broad training and a sequence or the physics sequence. Both degree programs are tailored to allow a
fundamental background in the biological sciences. The biology department offers student to pursue a concentration within the major as described under “Academic
both a B.S. and B.A. degree. The B.S. degree is designed for those students seeking a Concentrations in Biology” or the minor in Exercise Science. Faculty members believe
traditional biology curriculum that prepares them well for continuing their education that interaction with cadets in the classroom, laboratory, and on an individual basis
at the post-graduate level (M.S., Ph.D., M.D., D.O, D.D.S, or D.V.M.). The B.A. degree is critical in the development of the successful biology major. In keeping with this
provides the flexibility for a student to pursue a double major, either in the sciences philosophy, class sizes are small, laboratories accompany most courses, advising is
or humanities, or for a student to pursue multiple minors in different disciplines. Both conducted on an individual basis, and undergraduate research is encouraged. The
the B.S. and B.A. degrees require completion of the introductory course sequence (BI biology department has a funded summer research experience, the Dr. Fred C. Swope
111, BI 112, and BI 113) and the capstone course (BI 420W). Within biology, both B.S. and Summer Scholars Program, and many additional opportunities for funded under-
B.A. students must take one class in each of the four, Core Areas and an additional 14 graduate research experiences exist through VMI’s Summer Undergraduate Research
hours of biology course work. In addition, students completing the B.S. in biology will Initiative (SURI).
take five semesters of chemistry (general chemistry I and II with labs, organic chemistry

Capstone Experiences in Undergraduate Research Requirement (3 credits)

Successful completion of the Capstone Experience in Biology is a graduation faculty mentor. The requirement is fulfilled by completing BI 420W Senior Seminar. For
requirement. It is intended to provide a comprehensive experience involving the appli- students enrolled in the Institute Honors program, BI 420W should be taken in place of
cation, integration, and critical analysis of information and data through an intensive HN 400—HN 401 Institute Honors.
literature-based paper or an independent research project under the guidance of a

Dr. Fred C. Swope Summer Scholars Program

The Dr. Fred C. Swope Summer Undergraduate Research Program in Biology at the present their research findings to the department’s faculty and other biology majors.
Virginia Military Institute was established in 1991 and is named after one of VMI’s most Students are encouraged to continue their research interests into the following
visionary Biology Department Chairmen, COL Fred C. Swope. This summer program academic year and beyond in anticipation of completion of a Department or Institute
in combination with Institute opportunities is designed to acquaint undergraduate Honors Thesis. Upon the completion of these undergraduate research experiences the
students with the philosophy, practices, and techniques of research. During the months student has acquired a meaningful and in depth knowledge of the research process and
of May, June, and July students engage in a research project with a faculty mentor. At has a realistic idea of what is involved in pursuing post-graduate studies.
the end of the summer or during the following academic year students in the program

Honors in Biology
A cadet can earn departmental honors by completing a research project in their »» Biology, B.S.
1st class year and presenting the research to the department. Eligibility to apply for »» Bachelor of Arts
departmental honors requires 1st class standing and a minimum cumulative and biology »» Biology, B.A.
GPA of 3.000. An application in the form of a research proposal is submitted to the
department at the end of the 2nd class year or at the beginning of the 1st class year. If the Concentrations in Biology
department approves the proposal, then the cadet will enroll in BI 490/490W (indepen- These concentrations offer an opportunity for cadets to focus their interests in
dent research in the fall) and then BI 491/491W (independent research in the spring). By various fields of biology and to develop intellectual pursuits with their professors as
the middle of April, a formal research paper will be submitted to the department at least mentors in undergraduate research. If cadets wish to pursue an area of specialty, they
two weeks prior to the oral presentation (defense). The awarding of Honors in Biology are strongly encouraged to select one of the concentrations listed below no later than
will be made following successful completion of the research project and oral defense. fall pre-registration during their third class year. A student successfully completing a
concentration will earn a B.S. or B.A. degree with recognition of the concentration on
Majors in Biology the final transcript.
»» Bachelor of Science »» Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB) Concentration

31
»» Ecology, Conservation, and Organismal Sciences (ECOS) Concentration can be declared through the department of biology or the department of physi-
cal education.
Minor in Exercise Science »» Exercise Science Minor
The Minor in Exercise Science is designed to provide cadets with a comprehensive
introduction to the foundations of exercise and fitness. This interdisciplinary minor

Biology, B.A.
The B.A. degree in biology is designed to give the student a solid background in or biological diversity concepts, anatomy, organismal functioning, and cellular
the biological and natural sciences while maintaining the flexibility for the student to functioning. The additional 14 hours of biology course work allow a student to focus
pursue coursework in areas of interest or pursue a second major or multiple minors. on one or several of these core areas. Students pursuing a B.A. degree are required to
The required introductory sequence provides the fundamental background in biology demonstrate proficiency in a modern language through the 200-level. Students wishing
to move into the upper-level courses. The four, Core Areas allow flexibility in selecting to have a study abroad experience may find that the B.A. degree program offers the
courses while providing a breadth of background. The Core Areas emphasize ecological flexibility to incorporate that learning experience into their degree program.

B.A. Curriculum
Common Core Course Requirements BI 326—Parasitology Credit Hours: 4
All B.A. biology majors are required to complete the following courses:
BI 111—Fundamentals of Biology I Credit Hours: 4 Anatomy
BI 112—Fundamentals of Biology II Credit Hours: 4 BI 217—General Botany Credit Hours: 4
BI 113—Fundamentals of Biology III Credit Hours: 4 BI 303—Developmental Biology Credit Hours: 4
BI 420W—Capstone Research Experience Credit Hours: 3 BI 304—Comparative Vertebrate Morphology Credit Hours: 4
BI 306—Histology Credit Hours: 4
Core Area Pairings
In addition to these courses, a B.A. major must select one course from each of the Physiology
following core area pairings: BI 204—Physiology Credit Hours: 4
BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry Credit Hours: 4
Organismal Biology BI 335—Neurobiology Credit Hours: 4
BI 206—Tropical Marine Biology Credit Hours: 3
BI 301—Nematology Credit Hours: 3 Cellular/Molecular Biology
BI 307—Vertebrate Biology Credit Hours: 4 BI 313—Microbiology Credit Hours: 4
BI 310—Evolutionary Biology Credit Hours: 3 BI 346—Genetics Credit Hours: 4
BI 311—Aquatic Ecosystems Credit Hours: 4 BI 404—Cell Biology Credit Hours: 3
BI 312—Ecology Credit Hours: 4 BI 406—Virology Credit Hours: 3
BI 321—Invertebrate Zoology Credit Hours: 4 BI 411—Immunology Credit Hours: 3
BI 324—Ornithology Credit Hours: 4 BI 430—Molecular Biology Credit Hours: 3

Additional Hours
Additional hours (14) must be selected from any area within the biology curriculum 121 and PY 156). To broaden the education, six credits of any English, rhetoric, and
except for research hours to total a minimum of 43 hours in biology. In addition to humanistic studies (ERH) courses above the 100 level are required. Additionally, 12
the biology courses, B.A. majors must complete Math that Matters I and II (MA 101 and non-science elective (LA) credits must be completed in either English, rhetoric, and
MA 102) and show proficiency in a foreign language through the 200 level. Cadets in humanistic studies (ERH), history, economics, business, psychology, political science,
the B.A. major must complete either two semesters of organic chemistry with lab (CH or modern languages. The remainder (9) of the 136 hours required for graduation can
223 and CH 229, CH 224 and CH 230) or General Physics I and II (PY 120 and PY 155, PY be taken from any department on Post.

Additional Core Curriculum Requirements

All B.S. and B.A. biology majors are also required to satisfy four additional Core 2. Two Civilizations and Cultures courses (6 credits).
Curriculum requirements: 3. PS 344—Leadership in Organizations
1. Two writing intensive courses must be taken with one in the biology major. 4. ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in Biology

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
BI 111—Fundamentals of Biology I Credit Hours: 4 or
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3

32
CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 1 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Second Semester
BI 112—Fundamentals of Biology II Credit Hours: 4 CH 118—Laboratory for CH 138 Credit Hours: 1
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 or
or PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
CH 138—Introductory College Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

BI 113—Fundamentals of Biology III Credit Hours: 4 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 or
or PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18

Second Semester
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 4 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
or ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5-19
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 4 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 223—Organic Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 and or
CH 229—Organic Laboratory I for Non-Majors Credit Hours: 1.5 ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
or PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 120—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3 and ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 4 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 224—Organic Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 and or
CH 230—Organic Laboratory II for Non-Majors Credit Hours: 1.5 ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
or PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 121—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 and ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17
BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3

First (Senior) Class First Semester

BI 420W—Capstone Research Experience Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 4 BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2

33
Total Semester Hrs: 18 * Minimum Grade of C Required.
Total Hours: minimum 136 Proficiency through 200 level language is required.
# Cadets who complete Organic Chemistry I & II and labs (9 credits) may reduce the
free elective requirement by one hour.

Biology, B.S.
The B.S. degree in biology is designed to give the student a solid background in the BI 307—Vertebrate Biology Credit Hours: 4
biological and natural sciences while maintaining the flexibility for the student to select BI 310—Evolutionary Biology Credit Hours: 3
courses that meet interests and career goals. The required introductory sequence BI 311—Aquatic Ecosystems Credit Hours:4
provides the fundamental background in biology to move into the upper-level courses. BI 312—Ecology Credit Hours: 4
The four, Core Areas allow flexibility in selecting courses while providing a breadth of BI 321—Invertebrate Zoology Credit Hours: 4
background. The Core Areas emphasize ecological or biological diversity concepts, BI 324—Ornithology Credit Hours: 4
anatomy, organismal functioning, and cellular functioning. The additional 14 hours BI 326—Parasitology Credit Hours: 4
of biology course work allow a student to focus on one or several of these core areas.
Inherent to the understanding of biological systems is knowledge of both chemistry Anatomy
and physics. The requirement for the B.S. candidates to complete 20 hours of training in BI 217—General Botany Credit Hours: 4
the natural sciences serves to provide a breadth of understanding of biological systems. BI 303—Developmental Biology Credit Hours: 4
B.S. Curriculum BI 304—Comparative Vertebrate Morphology Credit Hours: 4
BI 306—Histology Credit Hours: 4
Common Core Course Requirements
All B.S. biology majors are required to complete the following courses: Physiology
BI 111—Fundamentals of Biology I Credit Hours: 4 BI 204—Physiology Credit Hours: 4
BI 112—Fundamentals of Biology II Credit Hours: 4 BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry Credit Hours:4
BI 113—Fundamentals of Biology III Credit Hours: 4 BI 335—Neurobiology Credit Hours: 4
BI 420W—Capstone Research Experience Credit Hours: 3
Cellular/Molecular Biology
Core Area Pairings BI 313—Microbiology Credit Hours: 4
In addition to these courses, a B.S. major must select one course from each of the BI 346—Genetics Credit Hours: 4
following core area pairings: BI 404—Cell Biology Credit Hours: 3
BI 406—Virology Credit Hours: 3
Organismal Biology BI 411—Immunology Credit Hours: 3
BI 206—Tropical Marine Biology Credit Hours: 3 BI 430—Molecular Biology Credit Hours: 3
BI 301—Nematology Credit Hours: 3

Additional Hours
Additional hours (14) must be selected from any area within the biology curriculum in English, rhetoric, and humanistic studies, history, economics, business, psychology,
except for research hours to total a minimum of 43 hours in biology. In addition to political science, or modern languages. The remainder (9) of the 136.5 hours required
the biology courses, B.S. majors must complete two semesters of Organic Chemistry for graduation can be taken from any department on Post. Cadets completing the
with lab (CH 223 and CH 229, CH 224 and CH 230), Biochemistry (CH 322) or Ecological B.S. degree often complete minors in other disciplines. A minor in chemistry can be
Biochemistry (BI 325), Math That Matters I and II (MA 101 and MA 102), and General completed by taking one additional course from selected courses in the chemistry
Physics I and II (PY 120 and PY 155, PY 121 and PY 156). To broaden the education, six curriculum. The requirements for minors in psychology, history or English, rhetoric,
credits of any English, rhetoric, and humanistic studies (ERH) courses above the 100 and humanistic studies areas, for example, fit in well with our elective requirements.
level are required. Additionally, 12 non-science elective (LA) credits must be completed

Additional Core Curriculum Requirements

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Biology

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
BI 111—Fundamentals of Biology I Credit Hours: 4 CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
or or
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5

34
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

BI 113—Fundamentals of Biology III Credit Hours: 4 CH 229—Organic Laboratory I for Non-Majors Credit Hours: 1.5
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 or
or PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
CH 223—Organic Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16-16.5

Second Semester
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
or ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 or
or PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
CH 224—Organic Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 18-18.5
CH 230—Organic Laboratory II for Non-Majors Credit Hours: 1.5

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 4 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 4 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 120—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1

Second Semester
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 4 BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 121—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

BI 420W—Capstone Research Experience Credit Hours: 3 or
BI Core—Core Area Elective Credit Hours: 4 CH 322—Metabolic Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3
BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry Credit Hours: 4 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5-19.5

Second Semester
BI Elective—Non-Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 *Minimum Grade of C Required.
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
Total Semester Hrs: 17
Total Hours: minimum 136

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Chemistry
The mission of the chemistry department is to provide cadets who major in chemis- either in a 10 week summer program, or during the academic year. The majority of
try with a thorough foundation in chemistry, mastery of modern chemical instrumenta- chemistry majors participate in at least one undergraduate research experience. Most
tion, excellent analytical and mathematical skills and the ability to think things through of these cadets will present their research at a local or regional professional meeting,
and solve problems. These skills are highly sought after in every career field. The and a smaller number will have their results published. Chemistry majors also have
department offers two degree tracks; the B.S. degree and the B.A. degree in chemistry. the opportunity to work as an industrial intern with a company during the summer.
The B.S. degree provides the most comprehensive preparation for further work or Chemistry cadets who have demonstrated excellence in the study of chemistry are
study in chemistry or a related field such as: invited to participate in the departmental honors program during their first class year.
»» Chemical Engineering Cadets who accept the invitation will be engaged in more extensive research under the
»» Material Science close supervision of a faculty sponsor.
»» Environmental Science The laboratory facilities and instrumentation housed in Maury-Brooke Hall provide
»» Pharmacology majors with the modern techniques needed to learn and practice the science of
The Chemistry Department’s B.S. degree is approved by the American Chemical chemistry both in structured courses and labs and also in independent research.
Society and cadets fulfilling the requirements for a B.S. are certified as having met the Instrumentation includes liquid and gas chromatographs; several infrared, visible, ul-
standards of professional training by the society. The B.S. degree has two tracks to traviolet, and fluorescence spectrometers; a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer,
choose from: a pre-med option and a research option. a single crystal X-ray diffractometer, a differential scanning calorimeter, a microwave
The B.A. degree provides cadets with an opportunity to pursue other interests in reactor, a dual potentiostat with rotating-ring disc electrode, and atomic absorption
preparation for a career of their choosing while providing a solid foundation in the and flame emission spectrometers. The department also maintains a computer facility
basic areas of chemistry. This degree requires cadets to choose another focus area out- for molecular modeling and chemistry tutorials.
side of chemistry and complete either a minor, concentration or certification. Faculty
members will work closely with B.A. majors to design a program that best meets the Majors in Chemistry
cadets’ career goals. Career choices could correspond to the following focus areas: »» Bachelor of Science
»» Medical, Dental Schools-Concentration in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology »» Chemistry, B.S.—Pre-Medical Track
»» Military or Intelligence Agencies-International Studies Minor, National Security »» Chemistry, B.S.—Research Track
Minor, Arabic Minor »» Bachelor of Arts
»» Law Enforcement or Forensics-Concentration in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology »» Chemistry, B.A.
»» Business/MBA-Business or Economics Minor
»» Math/Science Teacher-Teacher Certification Program Concentrations in Chemistry
Faculty members believe that close interaction with cadets in the classroom and in »» Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB) Concentration
the chemical laboratory is critical in the development of good chemistry majors. This
personal mentoring occurs in many ways but especially in our small classes and during Minors in Chemistry
undergraduate research projects. All chemisrty majors are encouraged to participate »» Chemistry Minor
in an undergraduate research experience under the guidance of a faculty member

Chemistry, B.A.

B.A. Curriculum
Synopsis indicates core requirements for this degree. Demonstrated proficien- in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Among the more popular focus areas are the
cy of two years of a foreign language is required. Chemistry B.A. majors are also Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB) Concentration and the Business Minor.
required to complete either (1) a minor in another department, or (2) a Concentration

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in Chemistry

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
CH 125—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 2 PE 102–Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 123– Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105–Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 103–World History I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 101–Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Second Semester
CH 126–Laboratory for CH 138 Credit Hours: 2 ERH 102–Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 *
CH 138–Introductory College Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 PE 102–Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 124–Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 or
HI 104–World History II Credit Hours: 3 PE 105–Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5

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ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

CH 223—Organic Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 101–Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 225–Organic Laboratory I Credit Hours: 3 or
ELEC Foreign Language–Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 1 PE 300–Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
Science Requirement—Core Credit Hours: 4 (Biology or Physics w/ lab)2 ROTC Requirement–AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
CH Elective–Concentration Elective Credit Hours: 3 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18

Second Semester
CH 224—Organic Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 226—Organic Laboratory II Credit Hours: 3 or
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 1 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 1 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
Science Requirement—Core Credit Hours: 4 (Biology or Physics w/ lab)2 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

CH 301—Physical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 1
CH 311W—Laboratory for CH 301 Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 1 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH Elective—Concentration Elective Credit Hours: 3 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
CH 246—Inorganic Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 321—Structural Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH Requirement—Advanced Chemistry Course Credit Hours: 3 (300-level or above) ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CH Elective—Concentration Elective Credit Hours: 3 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

CH 335—Analytical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 CH 401—Advanced Topics in Chemistry Credit Hours: 3
CH 337—Laboratory for CH 335 Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 1 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CH Elective—Concentration Elective Credit Hours: 3 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
CH Elective—Concentration Elective Credit Hours: 3 3 1. Twelve semester hours of electives must be in the Humanistic-Social area. In addi-
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 tion to demonstrating proficiency in a foreign language, cadets must complete 6
ELEC Free—Free Electives Credit Hours: 11 1 credit hours of cultures and civilization courses (study abroad may be substituted for
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 3 hours) and 3 credit hours of Leadership in Organizations.
Total Semester Hrs: 17 2. A two-semester sequence of core-curriculum approved science and laboratory. The
Total Hours: minimum 136 specific course may be determined by the chosen concentration area.
* Minimum Grade of C Required 3. Concentration Electives are determined by the chosen minor/concentration/or
certification. The chosen field may require use of free electives to complete.

Chemistry, B.S.—Pre-Medical Track

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Chemistry—Pre-Medical Track

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
CH 125—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 2 or
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 *
PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5

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Second Semester
CH 126—Laboratory for CH 138 Credit Hours: 2 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 138—Introductory College Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

CH 223—Organic Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 BI 101—General Biology I Credit Hours: 4
CH 225—Organic Laboratory I Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 220—Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists Credit Hours: 3 or
or PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
MA 326—Probability and Statistics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5-19
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
CH 224—Organic Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 226—Organic Laboratory II Credit Hours: 3 or
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
BI 102—General Biology II Credit Hours: 4 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5-19
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

CH 301—Physical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 PS 201—Introduction to Psychology Credit Hours: 3
CH 311W—Laboratory for CH 301 Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 322—Metabolic Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
BI 346—Genetics Credit Hours: 4 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5

Second Semester
CH 302—Physical Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 321—Structural Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 323—Laboratory for CH 321 Credit Hours: 1.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC BI—Biology Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 19
ELEC PS—Psychology Elective Credit Hours: 3

First (Senior) Class First Semester

CH 335—Analytical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 337—Laboratory for CH 335 Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 451—Senior Thesis Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
BI 404—Cell Biology Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
CH 246—Inorganic Chemistry Credit Hours: 3
CH 401—Advanced Topics in Chemistry Credit Hours: 3
CH 452—Senior Thesis Credit Hours: 3
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
Total Semester Hrs: 15
Total Hours: minimum 138.5
* Minimum Grade of C Required.
All required Civilizations & Cultures (X) and Writing Intensive (W) course require-
ments should be met by free electives.

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Chemistry, B.S.—Research Track

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Chemistry—Research Track

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
CH 125—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 2 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Second Semester
CH 126—Laboratory for CH 138 Credit Hours: 2 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 138—Introductory College Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

CH 223—Organic Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 225—Organic Laboratory I Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3 or
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5-19

Second Semester
CH 224—Organic Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 226—Organic Laboratory II Credit Hours: 3 or
CH 246—Inorganic Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

CH 301—Physical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 311W—Laboratory for CH 301 Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 335—Analytical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CH 337—Laboratory for CH 335 Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
CH 302—Physical Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 CH 434—Chemical Synthesis Credit Hours: 3
CH 336—Analytical Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 338—Laboratory for CH 336 Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CH 321—Structural Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

CH 451—Senior Thesis Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
CH 4XX—Advanced Chemistry Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
CH 401—Advanced Topics in Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 CH 452—Senior Thesis Credit Hours: 3

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ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 137
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 * Minimum Grade of C Required.
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 All required Civilizations & Cultures (X) and Writing Intensive (W) course requirements
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 should be met by free electives.
Total Semester Hrs: 17

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Civil Engineering (CE) is the oldest of the engineering professions and the broadest includes a traditional array of courses that permit our graduates to pursue any of the
in scope. It is the parent of all other branches of engineering. The CE curriculum at VMI specialty areas in Civil Engineering.

Civil Engineering Sub-Disciplines

Because of Civil Engineering’s broad scope, cadets can choose to concentrate their tunneling and mining, and a variety of other issues associated with activities on or
studies in one of several of the subdisciplines of Civil Engineering or they may select below the ground surface. An example is the “Leaning Tower of Pisa.”
courses across all topic areas for a more general focus. The following seven Civil Hydrology & Water Resources Engineering focuses on surface and groundwater
Engineering sub-disciplines are available to cadets at VMI: quantity and supply, stormwater runoff and control, canals and river channels, reser-
Construction Management is the application of engineering to time, material, voirs, flood control, irrigation supply, water policy, and many other related activities.
labor, cost, and quality management of construction projects including the complex Examples are Hoover Dam and the Colorado River.
coordination of construction events, conformance with design specifications, and Structural Engineering is the understanding of material properties and static and
design and contract modifications to meet project-specific field conditions. Examples dynamic forces that affect structures built on a framework of concrete, steel, wood,
are highways and sports stadiums. and other materials. Structural engineering is the basis for anything that is built.
Environmental Engineering encompasses a wide spectrum of activities to help Examples are skyscrapers and the Golden Gate Bridge.
protect human health and promote environmental quality. Issues addressed include air Transportation & Planning Engineering applies to the efficient movement of
quality and air pollution, municipal and industrial solid waste, hazardous waste, risk as- people and goods by planning, designing, building, and maintaining facilities such as
sessment, soil and groundwater contamination, water and wastewater treatment, water highway, rail, airport, and mass transit systems. These systems are the infrastructure
quality monitoring and protection, and others. Examples are clean rivers and clear air. backbone of much of the developed world’s economy. Examples are the U.S. interstate
Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Engineering address the properties and analysis of highway system and your local mass transit system.
fluids for applications in static and dynamic systems such as pressure on immersed Suggested course selections for each of the seven Civil Engineering concentrations
objects, hydraulic machinery such as pumps and turbines and conveyance of water and available to cadets are outlined here. Regardless of the specific concentration or course
other fluids. Examples are submarines and hydroelectric power plants. mix selected, graduates of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department (CEE)
Geotechnical Engineering involves soil and its properties relevant to groundwater receive a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering.
flow, bearing capacity for foundations, settlement and compaction, slope stability,

CE Curriculum
The Civil and Environmental Engineering program is accredited by the Engineering 1. Use their broad-based civil engineering backgrounds to perform as entry-level
Accreditation Commission of ABET, http://www.abet.org, and provides a broad engineers in industry, the military, government, or other fields.
background of courses in science, engineering, and the humanities. Graduates are 2. Enter graduate schools in the disciplines of civil engineering or closely related areas,
prepared to enter engineering or business directly or to continue their education in work training programs, self-study programs, military service schools, as well as
graduate school. other areas such as business schools.
Opportunities are available for independent study during both the academic year 3. Continue the process of life-long learning as required for long-term personal and
and the summer. The department conducts a program of undergraduate research based professional growth.
upon the interests and qualifications of individual cadets supported by the advice and 4. Use their communication, computer, and teamwork skills to help themselves and
guidance of the experienced faculty. All of our full time faculty have Ph.D. degrees and their employees succeed.
are registered professional engineers. 5. Recognize their professional and ethical responsibilities to society as members of
Laboratory experience is vital to the education of an engineer and the departmen- the professional engineering community.
tal laboratories are equipped with a wide array of both instructional and commer- 6. Relate their personal and professional lives to moral and ethical practices.
cial testing devices. Each cadet participates in laboratory work that demonstrates The CEE program’s student outcomes are taken directly from the 11 ABET program
principles, develops skills, and provides experience with current methods in testing outcomes (a) through (k). By fulfilling the curriculum requirements for a B.S. degree in
and measurement. Civil Engineering, the department’s graduates will attain the following:
The CE curriculum includes 139 credit hours of which approximately one-half are a. an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering;
for CE courses. The non-CE courses include 16 credit hours of mathematics, 12 credit b. an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and inter-
hours of chemistry and physics, and 12 credit hours of required English and History. pret data;
Other credit hours are required for ROTC and physical education, and 6 credit hours c. an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs
are required for approved civilizations and cultures electives. A current list of these is within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political,
available from the Civil and Environmental Engineering office. ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability;
The CEE program’s educational objectives are to produce graduates who are d. ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams;
prepared to: e. an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems;
f. an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility;

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g. an ability to communicate effectively; important to future career advancement in CE, as the exam represents the first step
h. a broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in registration as a professional engineer. The CEE Department uses the FE exam as
in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context; a significant component of its outcomes assessment process, and to support ABET
i. a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in, life-long learning; accreditation. Fundamentals of Engineering exam preparation and professional regis-
j. a knowledge of contemporary issues; tration are emphasized in nearly every CEE course beginning in the first semester and
k. an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary continuing to graduation.
for engineering practice.
Professional Activities
Minimum Competency The VMI Student Chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) serves as
All VMI academic departments require a minimum 2.0 GPA in the major as a require- the focal point of professional activities for our cadets. Eligible CEE cadets are inducted
ment for graduation. into the national engineering honor society, Tau Beta Pi, which recognizes cadets for
academic excellence and leadership characteristics. The CEE Department also sponsors
Transfer Credits an Engineers Without Borders (EWB) chapter and a local timber framers project.
The CEE Department may, on a case by case basis, accept transfer credits for civil
engineering courses completed at other institutions. High School Preparation
Applicants considering CE as a choice of major may best prepare in high school by
FE Exam taking the full college preparatory program augmented by as many mathematics and
All CEE cadets are required to take the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam. The science courses as their schedules permit. Courses in pre-calculus and calculus are
curriculum has a FE review course available for cadets to take. Passing the FE exam is particularly important.

Civil and Environmental Engineering Enrollment and Graduation Data

Civil Engineering Academic Year

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Undergraduate Cadets Enrolled in

158 150 168 196 236 245 250 223 223
Civil Engineering*

BS Degrees Awarded in
35 36 21 39 57 56 70 61 59
Civil Engineering**

*Fall Census
**July 1-June 30

Major in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Civil Engineering, B.S.

Civil Engineering, B.S. 3 open Technical Electives or Independent Research
Suggested Course Selection for Civil Engineering Subdiscipline Concentrations
DE = Design Elective Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Engineering
TE = Technical Elective CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics Credit Hours: 3 (ESE I)
ESE = Engineering Science Elective (I, II) CE 309—Fluid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3 (required)
NSE = Natural Science Elective CE 319W—Water Resources Laboratory Credit Hours: 1 (required)
CE 322—Water Resources Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (required)
Construction Management CE 401—Hydrology Credit Hours: 3 (ESE II)
CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics Credit Hours: 3 (ESEI) CE 404—Advanced Mechanics of Fluids Credit Hours: 3 (ESE II)
CE 350—Civil Engineering Project Management Credit Hours: 3 (required) CE 408—Hydraulic Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
CE 403—Foundations Credit Hours: 3 (DE) 1 open Natural Science Elective
CE 436—Transportation Planning and Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE) 1 open Design Elective
CE 437—Construction Methods and Management Credit Hours: 3 (TE) 2 open Technical Electives or Independent Research
GE 306—Engineering Geology Credit Hours: 4 (NSE)
1 open Engineering Science Elective II Geotechnical Engineering
2 open Technical Electives or Independent Research CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics Credit Hours: 3 (ESE I)
CE 310—Soil Mechanics Credit Hours: 4 (required)
Environmental Engineering CE 403—Foundations Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
BI 101—General Biology I Credit Hours: 4 (NSE) CE 428—Topics in Structural Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
CE 321—Environmental Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (required) GE 306—Engineering Geology Credit Hours: 4 (NSE)
CE 408—Hydraulic Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (DE) 3 open Technical Electives or Independent Research
CE 412—Environmental Engineering Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 (ESE I, II) 1 open Engineering Science II elective
CE 415—Environmental Engineering Unit Process Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE)

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CE 405—Wood Engineering Credit Hours: 3
Hydrology & Water Resourcers Engineering CE 408—Hydraulic Engineering Credit Hours: 3
BI 101—General Biology I Credit Hours: 4 (NSE)
CE 415—Environmental Engineering Unit Process Design Credit Hours: 3
CE 322—Water Resources Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (required)
CE 423—Structural Steel Design Credit Hours: 3
CE 401—Hydrology Credit Hours: 3 (ESE II)
CE 428—Topics in Structural Design Credit Hours: 3
CE 408—Hydraulic Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
CE 436—Transportation Planning and Design Credit Hours: 3
CE 412—Environmental Engineering Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 (ESE I)
CE 415—Environmental Engineering Unit Process Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
4 credits of Natural Science Elective from
2 open Technical Electives or Independent Research
GE 306—Engineering Geology Credit Hours: 4
BI 101—General Biology I Credit Hours: 4
Structural Engineering or another 4 hour science course
CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics Credit Hours: 3 (ESE I)
CE 327—Reinforced Concrete Design Credit Hours: 3 (required)
3 credits of Engineering Science Elective I from
CE 402—Structural Mechanics Credit Hours: 3 (ESE II)
CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics Credit Hours: 3
CE 405—Wood Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
CE 330—Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, and Electrical Circuits Credit Hours: 3
CE 423—Structural Steel Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
CE 412—Environmental Engineering Chemistry Credit Hours: 3
CE 428—Topics in Structural Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
ME 311—Thermodynamics I Credit Hours: 3
CE 429—Advanced Structural Theory Credit Hours: 3 (TE)
EE 351—Electrical Circuits and Machines Credit Hours: 3
GE 306—Engineering Geology Credit Hours: 4 (NSE)
approved CH or PY 300 or 400 level courses
1 open Technical Electives or Independent Research

3 credits of Engineering Science Elective II from

Transportation & Planning Engineering CE 401—Hydrology Credit Hours: 3
CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics Credit Hours: 3 (ESE I)
CE 402—Structural Mechanics Credit Hours: 3
CE 333—Transportation Engineering Credit Hours: 3 (required)
CE 404—Advanced Mechanics of Fluids Credit Hours: 3
CE 401—Hydrology Credit Hours: 3 (ESE II)
CE 412—Environmental Engineering Chemistry Credit Hours: 3
CE 436—Transportation Planning and Design Credit Hours: 3 (DE)
CE 429—Advanced Structural Theory Credit Hours: 3
CE 437—Construction Methods and Management Credit Hours: 3 (TE)
other EE and ME 300 or 400 level courses
GE 306—Engineering Geology Credit Hours: 4 (NSE)
1 Design Elective
12 credits of other technical electives from above or
2 open Technical Electives or Independent Research
CE 416—Fundamentals of Engineering Credit Hours: 3
The technical electives selected from within the Civil and Environmental
CE 437—Construction Methods and Management Credit Hours: 3
Engineering Department must meet the following distribution requirements:
CE 443—Independent Research Credit Hours: 3
CE 455-460
6 credits of Design Elective from CE 461—Independent Summer Research Credit Hours: 1-3
CE 403—Foundations Credit Hours: 3

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Civil Engineering

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
CE 121—Surveying Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CE 109—CE Fundamentals I Credit Hours: 2 or
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Second Semester
CE 110—CE Fundamentals II Credit Hours: 2 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 or
CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 1 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 *

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

CE 203—Statics Credit Hours: 3 * PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1
CE ELEC—Natural Science (GE 306 or BI 101) Credit Hours: 4 ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1
MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3 or

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PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1

Second Semester
CE 206—Solid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3 * PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 220—Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

CE 301—Structural Theory Credit Hours: 3 CE ELEC—Engineering Science Elective I Credit Hours: 3 **
CE 309—Fluid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CE 310—Soil Mechanics Credit Hours: 4 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CE 321—Environmental Engineering Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5

Second Semester
CE 307—Properties of Engineering Materials Credit Hours: 3 CE 350—Civil Engineering Project Management Credit Hours: 3
CE 319W—Water Resources Laboratory Credit Hours: 1 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CE 322—Water Resources Engineering Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CE 327—Reinforced Concrete Design Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5
CE 333—Transportation Engineering Credit Hours: 3

First (Senior) Class First Semester

CE 451W—Civil Engineering Seminar Credit Hours: 1 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
CE ELEC—Design Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CE ELEC—Engineering Science Elective II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CE ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5
ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
CE 448—Civil Engineering Design Capstone Credit Hours: 3
CE ELEC—Design Elective Credit Hours: 3
CE ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3
CE ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
Total Semester Hrs: 17
Total Hours: minimum 140
* Minimum Grade of C Required
**Elective Options—CE 302, CE 330, CE 412, ME 311, EE 351

43
Computer and Information Sciences
The Department of Computer and Information Sciences offers a major leading to a They will have experience and expertise in working in teams and be able to provide
B.S. degree in computer science. The aims of the department in training majors are: leadership in their workplace organizations.
1. Technical Competency Graduates will be able to apply their technical knowledge Each new cadet is assigned a departmental advisor who provides the necessary
and skills to develop and implement computer solutions to achieve goals important guidance and support throughout the Cadetship.
to the industry, civilian or military components of government, or the research The computer science curriculum was revised effective the class of 2022. Please
area in which they work. They will understand the capabilities and potentials of note all descriptions to assure correct offerings are scheduled based on matricula-
hardware and software, the relevance of theory, and the importance of networks, tion program.
information security, information organization, information design and human
computer interactions. Major in Computer and Information Sciences
2. Professionalism Graduates will have professional and ethical attitudes that foster »» Computer Science, B.S.
immediate employment and for developing careers in both the civilian work-
place and for military duty. These include a desire for continuing intellectual and Minor in Computer and Information Sciences
professional growth as well as an awareness of ethics and the impact of computers »» Computer and Information Sciences Minor
on society. »» Cybersecurity Minor
3. Communication and Interpersonal Skills Graduates will have communicative skills
to function effectively in the civilian or military workplace and in society at large.

Computer Science, B.S.

The degree in computer and information sciences requires 137 semester hours CIS 312W—Software Engineering Credit Hours: 3
which includes a minimum of 48 semester hours of computer and information sciences CIS 313—Data Structures and Applications Credit Hours: 3
courses. A minimum 2.00 GPA must be maintained in the computer and information CIS 322—Database Management Systems Credit Hours: 3
sciences courses. The following outline gives minimum requirements. Additional CIS 331—Human Computer Interaction Credit Hours: 3
courses to complete the requirements must be chosen by the cadet with the approval CIS 390—Pre-Capstone Credit Hours: 3
of his/her department advisor. No single course may be used to satisfy requirements in CIS 490—Capstone Credit Hours: 3
two major areas.
Recommended Minors: Business, Psychology, Applied Mathematics, or Major Required Courses (Mathematics): 15 credits
Computer Engineering. MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3
or
Major Required Courses: 48 credits MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3
The following courses are required: MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3
CIS 101—Introduction to Computer Science Credit Hours: 3 or
CIS 111—Programming I Credit Hours: 3 MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3
CIS 111L—Laboratory for Programming I Credit Hours: 1 CIS 241—Discrete Structures Credit Hours: 3
CIS 112—Programming II Credit Hours: 3 CIS 342—Data Analytics Credit Hours: 3
CIS 112L—Laboratory for Programming II Credit Hours: 1 CIS 442—Design and Analysis of Algorithms Credit Hours: 3
CIS 131—Introduction to Information Science Credit Hours: 3
CIS 201—Computer Architecture and Organization Credit Hours: 3 Major Required Courses (Science): 15 credits
CIS 211—Internet and Mobile Programming Credit Hours: 3 ELEC MA/SC—Mathematics or Science Elective Credit Hours: 4
CIS 301—Networking Credit Hours: 3 ELEC MA/SC—Mathematics or Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
CIS 301L—Networking Lab Credit Hours: 1 ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 4
CIS 302—Modern Operating Systems Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
CIS 303—Computer & Information Security Credit Hours: 3

Major Electives: 12 credits (CIS 231WX and/or 300 Level or above) and Free Electives: 12 Credits
Four major departmental elective courses required. The courses may include CIS CIS 431—Information Organization & Management Credit Hours: 3
231WX and any 300 level or above courses. Four free electives to provide sufficient CIS 432—Computer Vision Credit Hours: 3
opportunities for minors in other departments as well as completion of Civilizations CIS 433—Usability Analysis Credit Hours: 3
and Cultures course requirements. The following are the list of acceptable CIS major CIS 434—Bioinformatics Credit Hours: 3
elective courses:
CIS 231WX—IT:Past, Present, and Future Credit Hours: 3
CIS 401—Advanced Network Security Credit Hours: 3
CIS 402—Computer Forensics Credit Hours: 3
CIS 411—Web Development Credit Hours: 3
CIS 412—Mobile Programming Credit Hours: 3
CIS 421—Database Design and Development Credit Hours: 3
CIS 422—Information Retrieval Credit Hours: 3
CIS 424—Artificial Intelligence Credit Hours: 3

44
Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Computer and Information Sciences
Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
CIS 101—Introduction to Computer Science Credit Hours: 3 * MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3
CIS 111—Programming I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
CIS 111L—Laboratory for Programming I Credit Hours: 1 or
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
or

Second Semester
CIS 112—Programming II Credit Hours: 3 * MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3
CIS 112L—Laboratory for Programming II Credit Hours: 1 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
CIS 131—Introduction to Information Science Credit Hours: 3 * or
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
or

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

CIS 201—Computer Architecture and Organization Credit Hours: 3 * PS 313—Forensic Psychology Credit Hours: 3
CIS 211—Internet and Mobile Programming Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
CIS 241—Discrete Structures Credit Hours: 3 or
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
PS 201—Introduction to Psychology Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18

Second Semester
CIS 313—Data Structures and Applications Credit Hours: 3 * PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
CIS 322—Database Management Systems Credit Hours: 3 * or
CIS 331—Human Computer Interaction Credit Hours: 3 * PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

CIS 301—Networking Credit Hours: 3 * ELEC MA/SC—Mathematics or Science Elective Credit Hours: 4
CIS 301L—Networking Lab Credit Hours: 1 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CIS 302—Modern Operating Systems Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
CIS 312W—Software Engineering Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1

Second Semester
CIS 303—Computer & Information Security Credit Hours: 3 ELEC MA/SC—Mathematics or Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
CIS 342—Data Analytics Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
CIS 442—Design and Analysis of Algorithms Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

CIS 390—Pre-Capstone Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC CIS—Computer & Informations Sciences Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
ELEC CIS—Computer & Information Sciences Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5

45
Second Semester
CIS 490—Capstone Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC CIS—Computer & Information Sciences Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 14
ELEC CIS—Computer & Informations Sciences Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 137
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 *Minimum Grade of “C” required

Economics and Business

The curriculum in economics and business leads to the bachelor of arts degree. The The department provides a robust internship program, coordinated through the
major is designed to provide an understanding of the economic system and the func- efforts of an Internship Coordinator. Academic credit for internships is also available.
tion of business enterprise in the economy. It includes many courses common to other Three awards, the Roberts Medal, the Wheat Medal, and the Philpott Medal,
liberal arts curricula, with the aim of developing the cadet’s ability to think critically recognize the top graduating seniors in economics and business studies. Academic
about society’s economic issues. In particular, the curriculum features an emphasis on Excellence Awards are presented annually to the top members of the upper
developing analytical tools and methods of both public economic policy and business three classes.
decision making. The Andrew L. McDowell Scholarship is available to cadets majoring in economics
As one of VMI’s liberal arts curricula, economics and business is based on a founda- and business. It is based primarily on academic excellence, although other factors such
tion of studies in mathematics, languages, social sciences, and humanities. In addition as need, character, extracurricular activities, and leadership may be considered. Call for
to the core curriculum requirements listed on page 15, cadets must also take core applications for this scholarship is sent out during the spring semester, for awards to be
curriculum courses as listed on the next page (9 hours of humanities or social science made the following academic year.
electives, plus 12 hours of one foreign language through the 200-level). The curriculum
provides a broadly conceived liberal arts education and is an excellent preparation for Major in Economics and Business
a wide range of business pursuits, military service, or graduate studies in economics, »» Economics and Business, B.A.
business, or law.
The department sponsors several extracurricular activities in support of the Concentrations in Economics and Business
academic program. These include the visiting scholars’ programs under the Northen »» Financial Management Concentration
and Conquest Chair endowments, the VMI chapter of Omicron Delta Epsilon (the »» Global Management Concentration
international honor society in economics), the VMI chapter of Beta Gamma Sigma (the
international honor society in business), the Cadet Investment Group that affords actual Minors in Economics and Business
experience in securities investments, and the Entrepreneurship Club. »» Business Minor
»» Economics Minor

Economics and Business, B.A.

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in Economics and Business

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
Science Requirement—Core Credit Hours: 4 (Biology or Chemistry w/ lab) PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * or
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
Science Requirement—Core Credit Hours: 4 (Biology or Chemistry w/ lab) PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * or
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

EC 201—Principles of Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3 * PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
BU 210—Financial Accounting Credit Hours: 3 * or
BU 220—Principles of Management Credit Hours: 3 * PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

46
Second Semester
EC 202—Principles of Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3 * PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
BU 211—Managerial Accounting Credit Hours: 3 * or
BU 230—Principles of Marketing Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

EC 300—Intermediate Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3 * ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3
EC 303—Statistics Credit Hours: 3 * PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
BU 310—Business Finance Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
BU 339—Operations Management Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
EC 330—Intermediate Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3 * ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3
EC 304—Econometrics Credit Hours: 3 * PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
BU 330—Management Information Systems Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
BU ELEC—Business Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

BU 316—Legal Environment of Business Credit Hours: 3 * ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
BU ELEC—Business Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
EC ELEC—Economics Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
EC ELEC—Economics Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
BU 440—Business Policy Seminar Credit Hours: 3 * Total Hours: minimum 139
BU ELEC—Business Elective Credit Hours: 3 *Minimum Grade of C required
EC ELEC—Economics Elective Credit Hours: 3 All required economics and business courses must be taken at VMI. Any course not
EC ELEC—Economics Elective Credit Hours: 3 taken at VMI must be approved, before taking the course, by the department head.
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 For all economics and business courses taken in this curriculum, a minimum of 2.0
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 average must be attained.
Total Semester Hrs: 17

The following courses must be completed with a grade of C or higher:

BU 210—Financial Accounting Credit Hours: 3
BU 211—Managerial Accounting Credit Hours: 3
BU 220—Principles of Management Credit Hours: 3
BU 230—Principles of Marketing Credit Hours: 3
BU 310—Business Finance Credit Hours: 3
BU 316—Legal Environment of Business Credit Hours: 3
BU 330—Management Information Systems Credit Hours: 3
BU 339—Operations Management Credit Hours: 3
BU 440—Business Policy Seminar Credit Hours: 3
EC 201—Principles of Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3
EC 202—Principles of Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3
EC 300—Intermediate Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3
EC 303—Statistics Credit Hours: 3
EC 304—Econometrics Credit Hours: 3
EC 330—Intermediate Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3

47
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Consider these questions: Student Outcomes:
»» Are you interested in learning how technology improves our quality of life? (beginning with the 2019-2020 ABET Cycle)
»» Are you intrigued by high-tech gadgets? The department seeks to prepare students who, by the time of graduation, possess:
»» Do you enjoy working with computers? 1. an ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by apply-
»» Now, what are you seeking from your VMI Academic Experience? ing principles of engineering, science, and mathematics
»» Are small class sizes and readily-available professors important to you? 2. an ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified
»» Do you prefer an interactive, “hands-on” education with state-of-the-art laborato- needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global,
ry equipment? cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors
»» Are you looking for a flexible curriculum that offers many elective course options? 3. an ability to communicate effectively with a range of audiences
»» Are you interested in opportunities to enhance your education through undergradu- 4. an ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situa-
ate research activities and professional conference participation? tions and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering
»» Finally, what are your career aspirations? solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts
»» Are you interested in working in industry or with the government? 5. an ability to function effectively on a team whose members together provide lead-
»» Do you want to serve in the military? ership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establish goals, plan tasks,
»» Are you considering graduate school and higher education opportunities? and meet objectives
If so, you should consider majoring in Electrical and Computer Engineering!! 6. an ability to develop and conduct appropriate experimentation, analyze and inter-
Our philosophy is to provide the highest quality undergraduate education available, pret data, and use engineering judgment to draw conclusions
balancing a solid theoretical foundation with an equally strong practical training in the 7. an ability to acquire and apply new knowledge as needed, using appropriate learn-
electrical and computer engineering discipline. We stress the importance of high-tech ing strategies
design and problem solving skills coupled with integrity and professionalism. Our
wide diversity of course and laboratory offerings is complemented by opportunities to Electrical and Computer Engineering Program of Study
personalize your education through the selection of electives and independent studies. In order to meet these goals, the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
The Electrical and Computer Engineering program is accredited by the Engineering has designed a program of study to prepare you for a rewarding and successful career.
Accreditation Commission of ABET, http://www.abet.org. To give you the most flexibility after you graduate from our program, our courses
provide a broad foundation in many areas of electrical and computer engineering.
Program Educational Objectives: For those students seeking additional specialization in a particular area, the Electrical
The department seeks to prepare graduates who, in a few years after gradua- and Computer Engineering Department offers a variety of elective courses, as well as
tion, have: customized independent research courses that are tailored to the specific interests
1. Established themselves in, and made contributions to, a professional career in of the students and faculty. The program of study culminates with a capstone design
industry, government, or the military, and/or are continuing their education in experience that includes a competition with design teams from other colleges and
graduate school. universities in the southeastern U.S.
2. Remained current in their profession through continuing education, via the comple-
tion of graduate coursework, attainment of certifications, or maintenance of active ECE Mathematics Preparation Policy
professional licensure, or through personal self-study and/or on-the-job training as VMI ECE majors must take Calculus I (MA 123) or higher in the first semester by:
part of their career advancement. »» Passing the VMI math placement test or retest (given in the summer be-
In order to prepare students to meet these educational objectives, the Student fore matriculation)
Outcomes of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department are listed below. »» Passing MA 114 (Precalculus) in STP (before matriculation)
»» Achieving a score of 3 or higher on the AP Calculus test (either AB or BC)
Student Outcomes: »» Passing an equivalent precalculus course at another school before matriculation
(through the 2018-2019 ABET Cycle) (requires VMI math department head approval)
The department seeks to prepare students who, by the time of graduation, possess:
1. an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering Professional Licensure
2. an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and inter- The ECE Department encourages all electrical and computer engineering (ECE)
pret data cadets to take and pass the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Examination as an early
3. an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within step toward licensure as a professional engineer.
realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, The FE Examination is offered several times each year at a number of test-
health and safety, manufacturability, an sustainability ing locations.
4. an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams ECE cadets who pass the FE Examination may present documentation to the ECE
5. an ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems Secretary for reimbursement for one exam fee.
6. an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility
7. an ability to communicate effectively Math/Science Electives
8. the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in ECE cadets should consult with their academic advisor or department head concern-
global, economic, environmental, and societal context ing approved math/science electives. X- and W- designated math/science courses are
9. a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning not acceptable, nor are math/science courses already required within the ECE program
10. a knowledge of contemporary issues of study. In addition, math/science courses deemed to be equivalent to, or at a lower
11. an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for level than, math/science content already included in the ECE program of study are
engineering practice. not acceptable.

48
Honors in Electrical and Computer Engineering
Eligibility: »» Students must complete (with no grades below B) a minimum of 3 hours of
»» Students may apply to the ECE Honors Program no earlier than the beginning of Undergraduate Research in ECE (EE 491-496) or ECE Internship for Credit (EE 469).
their third class year. The application form must be completed and submitted to the »» Students must present the results of their work in an external professional forum,
Registrar’s Office through the ECE Department Head. such as IEEE, NCUR, ASEE, etc.
»» Applicants must have a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.00 and a minimum ECE GPA »» At the conclusion of their project, but no later than one week before the end of
of 3.30. classes that semester, students must submit their final honors thesis to their project
advisor(s) and the ECE Department Head for approval.
Requirements:
»» Students must maintain a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.00 and a minimum ECE GPA Scholarship and Internship Opportunities
of 3.30 in order to remain in the ECE Honors Program and be eligible for ECE Honors Numerous Scholarship and Internship Opportunities are available to cadets major-
upon graduation. ing in Electrical and Computer Engineering! Contact the ECE Department Head, or visit
»» Students must submit an honors thesis proposal to the ECE Department Head no the departmental web site: www.vmi.edu/elen, for up-to-date information.
later than the end of the second class year. The honors thesis proposal must include
the following: Transfer Policies
›› A description of the project Electrical and computer engineering courses, including online courses, may be
›› Approval of the project advisor(s) transferred to VMI pending an evaluation of equivalency and approval by the ECE
Department Head.

Electrical and Computer Engineering Enrollment and Graduation Data

Electrical and Computer Engineering Academic Year

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Undergraduate Cadets Enrolled in ECE* 44 48 59 48 47 51 62 64 78

BS Degrees Awarded in ECE** 11 8 6 9 7 13 7 7 14

*Fall Census
**July 1-June 30

Major in Electrical and Computer Engineering Minor in Electrical and Computer Engineering
»» Electrical and Computer Engineering, B.S. »» Computer Engineering Minor

Electrical and Computer Engineering, B.S.

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
EE 110—Introduction to Electrical & Computer Engineering Credit Hours: 2 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
EE 120—Computer Tools in Electrical And Computer Engineering Credit Hours: 3 or
EE 140—C Programming Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 15.5

Second Semester
EE 122—DC Circuits Credit Hours: 3 * PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
EE 129—Introduction to Digital Logic Circuits Credit Hours: 3 * or
EE 142—C++ & Object Oriented Programming Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 16.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

EE 223—Electrical Circuit Analysis Credit Hours: 4 MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4
EE 228—Digital Systems Design Credit Hours: 3 PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3

49
PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1

Second Semester
EE 221—Discrete Mathematics Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
EE 230—Signal and System Analysis Credit Hours: 3 or
EE 255—Electronics Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
MA-SCI/FREE ELEC—3 Credit Hours: ** Total Semester Hrs: 17
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 MA-SCI/FREE ELEC—3 Credit Hours: **
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 220—Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 MA-SCI/FREE ELEC—3 Credit Hours: **
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
EE 421X—Systems Design I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 137
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 *Minimum Grade of C Required.
EE 471W—System Design Validation Credit Hours: 3 **MA-SCI/FREE—3 of the 12 Math/Science or Free Elective Credits must be an approved
MA-SCI/FREE ELEC—3 Credit Hours: ** math or science elective. The other 9 credits must include all remaining (X)
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5 Civilizations & Cultures and (W) Writing Intensive course requirements.
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2

English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies

English Major
The mission of the English major at VMI is to prepare the citizen-soldier for civic in which they lived and worked. Cadets thus gain a cultural awareness that will serve
and professional life through disciplined engagement with rhetorical traditions and them well in today’s global society. Given the necessity of digital communication in the
applications, from the classical to the contemporary. Grounded in a common interest in twenty-first century, they also learn how to navigate networked writing spaces and to
the varied functions of language, the major integrates multiple disciplinary approach- develop multimedia projects for the web. To extend their education beyond the class-
es, including the literary, the philosophical, and the aesthetic. Cadets’ command of room and prepare them to be engaged citizens and professionals, they apply what they
language is developed both critically and creatively through the study of a range of have learned to real-world situations in both courses and required internships.
humanistic works and practice in effective forms of expression. To facilitate English majors’ active engagement in their learning, classes in this
Rhetoric is both an art and a skill in using language, a means of fostering cooper- department are kept small and individual mentoring is emphasized. Students therefore
ation among human beings. In this definition “language” encompasses the language have ample opportunities to pursue individual projects in subjects of their own choos-
of music, art, and philosophy as well as of writing and literature. Through a study of ing, and those with particularly strong records are invited to undertake an Honors
these languages, cadets learn to create and interpret a variety of texts and locate them project in English. Sigma Tau Delta, the English Honor Society, sponsors a range of
in their cultural contexts. In the process English majors discover how authors, artists, rich and varied activities that provide opportunities to extend classroom learning and
and philosophers have shaped and been shaped by the values, beliefs, time, and place enrich cultural knowledge.

50
Through both curricular and extracurricular experiences, graduates with this degree
Concentrations in English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies
are thus well prepared to pursue careers in military service, law, business, civil service,
»» Art History and Visual Culture Concentration
technical and professional writing, education, communications, the arts, and a wide
»» Literary Studies Concentration
variety of other fields.
»» Philosophy Concentration
The Department of English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies offers four minors for
»» Rhetoric and Writing Concentration
non-majors and four concentrations for majors: Art History and Visual Culture, Literary
Studies, Philosophy, and Rhetoric and Writing.
Minors in English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies
»» Art History and Visual Culture Minor
Major in English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies »» Literary Studies Minor
»» English, B.A.
»» Philosophy Minor
»» Rhetoric and Writing Minor

English, B.A.
The degree in English requires 136 semester hours, which includes a minimum of ERH 314—Technical Communication Credit Hours: 3
54 semester hours of English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies (ERH) courses, 18 se- ERH 470-479—Seminar in Rhetoric and Writing Credit Hours: 3
mester hours of additional requirements for the major, and 46 semester hours of Core At least one elective (3 credits) must be selected from the following list of courses
Curriculum requirements. Additional courses to complete the requirements for gradua- offering practice in creative expression:
tion must be chosen by the cadet with the approval of his or her departmental adviser. ERH 222—Genre Studies—Poetry Credit Hours: 3
English majors may pursue concentrations in Rhetoric and Writing, Literary Studies, ERH 223—Genre Studies—Fiction Credit Hours: 3
Philosophy, and Art History and Visual Culture. ERH 224—Genre Studies—Nonfiction Credit Hours: 3
ERH 225—Visual Arts Studio Credit Hours: 3
Major Core: 36 Credits ERH 470-479—Seminar in Rhetoric and Writing Credit Hours: 3
ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3
ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3 Additional Requirements: 18 Credits
ERH 203—Ways of Reading Credit Hours: 3 12 credits through the 200 level: Foreign Language
ERH 204—The Language of Art Credit Hours: 3 3 Credits: World literature in translation; OR a 300-level course in MLC; or any Cultures
ERH 205—British Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 and Civilization elective in any academic department other than English, Rhetoric
ERH 206—American Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 and Humanistic Studies (ERH)
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3 3 Credits: Computer and Information Sciences (CIS) elective
ERH 301—Rhetoric and Public Address Credit Hours: 3
ERH 302—Civic Discourse Credit Hours: 3 General Education Requirements: 46 credits
ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature Credit Hours: 3 ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3
ERH 411—Fieldwork Credit Hours: 3 ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3
ERH 481—Senior Capstone Course Credit Hours: 3 ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3
Major Electives: 18 Credits MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3
Six major electives, at least one of which must be at the 400 level. HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3
At least two electives (6 credits) must be selected from the following list of Rhetoric/ HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3
Writing courses: Science Credit Hours: 8
ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3 Physical Education Credit Hours: 4
ERH 250—Teaching Writing Credit Hours: 3 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3
ERH 303—Cultural Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Credit Hours: 12
ERH 304—Language and Style Credit Hours: 3 Free Electives: 18 credits
ERH 311-313—Professional Writing (Discipline/Field Specific) Credit Hours: 3

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in English

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 or
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3

51
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 204—The Language of Art Credit Hours: 3 or
ERH 205—British Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second Semester
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3 or
ERH 203—Ways of Reading Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ERH 206—American Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

ERH 301—Rhetoric and Public Address Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 (Creative Expression)
ERH 302—Civic Discourse Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC CIS—Computer & Information Sciences Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 (Rhetoric/Writing) Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ERH 411—Fieldwork Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC World—World Elective* Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 (Rhetoric/Writing) Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

ERH 481—Senior Capstone Course Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 (400-level) PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 14
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 136
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 * World literature in translation; OR a 300-level course in MLC; or any Cultures and
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Civilization elective in any academic department other than English, Rhetoric and
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 Humanistic Studies (ERH)

History
The history curriculum is designed to produce men and women educated in the The cadet majoring in history receives, first of all, training in the natural sciences,
responsibilities of citizenship. It prepares cadets for graduate schools of history or mathematics, and the English language as an instrument of written and oral com-
government, and for occupations in which the ability to understand backgrounds, munication. Additionally the cadet learns a foreign language. History courses cover
grasp issues, and manage affairs is essential, e.g., law, business, politics, government the principal fields of modern European, Middle Eastern, East Asian, Latin American,
service, and the armed forces. African, and American history. Rather than merely cataloguing events of the past,
The curriculum, with proper electives, fully meets the requirements for admission these courses emphasize an understanding of developments and problems, and they
to outstanding schools of law and graduate programs in business administration and give attention to social, economic, and cultural phenomena, as well as political and
management, as well as history. By concentrating electives in a specific subject area, constitutional problems.
cadets can acquire both the broad outlook offered by history and the specific outlook As history majors advance through the curriculum, they apply the lessons of
of other disciplines. previous courses to challenging new subjects. Students in 100-level World History com-
prehend fundamental themes, issues, and trends in global history. Students in 200-level

52
United States history explore and analyze increasingly complex themes, issues, and students learn the basic techniques of historical research, analysis and documentation.
trends in U.S. history. Students in 300-level courses develop a detailed knowledge of They employ common library and electronic research tools, and use book reviews or
a specific field’s major historical events and themes, and where appropriate acquire review essays to assess a field’s major literature. In 400-level courses, students frame
a functional understanding of relevant historical geography. Each level of the history a research topic, locate and evaluate relevant primary and secondary evidence, and
curriculum is associated with a set of essential skills. Students in 100-level World discuss relevant historiography.
History sharpen essential college-level skills such as note-taking, critical reading, and The capstone course requirement ensures that all majors gain experience in
studying for both objective and analytical exams. Students in 200-level United States historical methodology and writing. An Honors Program, open to majors who have
history interpret primary sources and base an argument on them, evaluate secondary demonstrated excellence in the study of history, and a Directed Study course offer
sources, and cite sources. Students in 300-level courses evaluate the thesis and evi- opportunities to engage in more extensive research and write a paper under the close
dence in essential historical essays or books, and identify significant historiographical supervision of a faculty sponsor.
trends. In HI 200 and those 300-level courses designated as methodologically intensive,

Honors in History
The Honors Program in History is open to majors who have demonstrated excellence
Concentrations in History
in the study of history. History majors seeking honors in history must have completed
»» Military History Concentration
the departmental core curriculum courses of HI 103, HI 104, HI 205 or 205W, and HI 206.
The honors sequence consists of HI 372, HI 491W, and HI 492W.
Minors in History
»» History Minor
Major in History »» Middle Eastern Studies Minor
»» History, B.A.
»» Military History Minor

History, B.A.

History Curriculum Requirements

See the synopsis of the history curriculum below. accordance with departmental standards. Any methodological course may also fulfill a
regional requirement.
Institute Core Curriculum:
Note that ERH 101 and ERH 102 must be passed with a grade of C or better. The Capstone Course:
required core curriculum mathematics sequence may be filled with one of the following History majors must take HI 460W, during their first class year. The history de-
course sequences: MA 101/MA 102, MA 123/MA 124 or MA 125/MA 126. All VMI students partment may direct individuals to enroll in HI 460W in either fall or spring semester,
are required to take two writing intensive courses, at least one of which must be within however. The course requires a major research paper. Topics for the course will vary.
their major department. Listings of courses to be offered in each coming semester (Note: individual sections of HI 460W may have special prerequisites.) Substitutions for
indicate writing-intensive courses with the suffix W following the course number. HI 460W are rare but with prior approval by the department head, may be allowed for
comparable work while in residence at VMI, e.g., an orally defended thesis for Institute
Department of History Core Curriculum: Honors or the three-semester departmental honors sequence of HI 372, HI 491W, and
History majors and minors must earn a grade of C or better in the following courses: HI 492W.
HI 103, HI 104, HI 205 or HI 205W and HI 206 . History majors must take at least thirty-six The third class English electives may be filled with any literature course offered by
hours of history, including the eighteen required hours of HI 103, HI 104, HI 200, HI 205 the Department of English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies.
or HI 205W, HI 206 and HI 460W . Please note that the Department of History will not The third class science elective may be filled with any course offered in astronomy,
accept Western Civilization courses as a substitute for World History Part I (HI 103). They biology, chemistry, computer and information sciences, geology, or physics. CE 208X
can be transferred in only as history electives. Nor does the History Department allow may also be applied.
transfer credit for internet-based or distance learning courses. The minimum foreign language requirement for history majors is one foreign
language through the third-year level, or two foreign languages, each through the
Introduction to Methodology: second-year level.
History majors must take HI 200 “Introduction to Historical Methods,” earning a The second and first class restricted elective requirements may be filled by: a)
grade of “C” or better as a prerequisite for one of the 300-level courses designated courses required for a double-major or minor in another curriculum; b) elective courses
as methodologically intensive. Completion of at least one 300-level “M” course is offered by the Department of Economics and Business or the Department of English,
a prerequisite to enrollment in HI 460W. Cadets completing this requirement must Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies; c) courses in the International Studies Department.
demonstrate ability to construct an annotated bibliography and to cite sources in

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in History

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 *
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3

53
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * or
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

EC 201—Principles of Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 (literature) PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 205—History of the United States I Credit Hours: 3 * or
HI 200—Introduction to Historical Methods Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
or ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second Semester
EC 202—Principles of Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 (literature) PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 or
HI 206—History of the United States II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
HI 200—Introduction to Historical Methods Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

ELEC Restricted—(ERH, EC, or IS) Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1

Second Semester
ELEC Restricted—(ERH, EC, or IS) Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

ELEC Restricted—(ERH, EC, or IS) Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
HI 460W—Capstone Experience Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Non-HI—Non-History Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ELEC Restricted—(ERH, EC, or IS) Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Non-HI—Non-History Elective Credit Hours: 3
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
Total Semester Hrs: 14
Total Hours: minimum 136
* Minimum grade of C required.

54
International Studies and Political Science
The Department of International Studies and Political Science offers a challenging Many IS majors go on to earn graduate degrees from top institutions. IS majors are
interdisciplinary major in international studies (IS) emphasizing political science, for- highly qualified for careers in the Armed Forces, other forms of government service,
eign language, history, and economics. The IS curriculum is designed to educate men international business and industry, and for numerous other fields requiring a broad
and women for leadership roles in the global community and provides broad training liberal arts background.
in the liberal arts with a strong emphasis on the development of communications skills, As part of their degree, IS majors are strongly encouraged to complete either a study
both written and oral; the ability to think analytically and critically in the field, and on abroad or internship experience.
providing a strong understanding of the major ethical questions central to the study of
international relations/political science.

Honors in International Studies and Political Science

The Department of International Studies and Political Science offers a two semester endorsed for conferral by their faculty sponsor and be on schedule to graduate at the
Honors program open to all qualified IS majors. time for the completion of the IS Honors Sequence.
General requirements for the conferral of IS Departmental Honors: to qualify for
participation in the first part of the IS Honors Sequence (i.e., for acceptance into IS Information
491), cadets must: have achieved a 3.5 GPA or higher in the IS major through their sixth You can contact the Department of International Studies and Political Science at
academic semester at VMI; have achieved a 3.2 GPA or higher in the overall curriculum (540) 464-7676; E-mail: [email protected]. Information, including course descrip-
through their sixth academic semester at VMI; and complete and have approved by tions, cadet activities, and faculty biographies is also available at: http://www.vmi.edu/
the head of the IS department, a formal letter of application to the IS Departmental interstudies/
Honors Program.
To qualify for participation in the second part of the IS Honors Sequence (i.e., for Major in International Studies and Political Science
acceptance into IS 492) cadets must: have received a grade of “B” or higher in IS 491; »» International Studies, B.A.
have maintained a 3.5 GPA or higher in the IS major through their seventh academic
semester at VMI; have maintained a 3.2 GPA or higher in the overall curriculum through Concentrations in International Studies and Political Science
their seventh academic semester at VMI. »» Interdisciplinary Studies in Latin America Concentration
To be conferred with IS Departmental Honors, cadets must: have received a grade
of “B” or higher in IS 491 and IS 492; have maintained a 3.5 GPA or higher in the IS major Minors in International Studies and Political Science
through their eighth academic semester at VMI; have maintained a 3.2 GPA or higher »» Asian Studies Minor
in the overall curriculum through their eighth academic semester at VMI; be formally »» International Studies Minor
National Security Minor

International Studies, B.A.

International Studies and Political Science Curriculum Requirements

See the synopsis of the International Studies and Political Science curriculum below. EC 414 Applied Game Theory
Institute Core Curriculum: Note that ERH 101 and ERH 102 must be passed with EC 415 Political Economy of Conflict
a grade of C or better. The fourth class math requirement may be filled by other HI 223 Islam in North America and Western Europe
math courses with the approval of the head of the International Studies and Political HI 327 India From the Age of the Harrapans to the Present Day
Science Department. HI 333 History of the Middle East I
International Studies and Political Science Core Curriculum: IS majors must com- HI 334 History of the Middle East II
plete the following courses with a grade of C or better: HI 205-HI 206, IS 201, IS 210, IS HI 346 Modern Japan
220, IS 230, IS 301, IS 310, IS 320, IS 340, IS 401W, and EC 306. One IS elective must be HI 374 Modern Latin America
taken from a 400 level IS course and one from an additional IS class. HI 375 Germany and Eastern Europe From Bismarck to Brandt
IS majors must take one ERH elective plus one elective from the following list: HI 382 Modern Russian History
ERH 207 Ethics HI 386 U.S. Military History Since 1919
ERH 211 Comparative Religion The minimum foreign language requirement for majors is one foreign language
ERH 212 Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy through the 300 levels, or two foreign languages, each through the 200 level.
ERH 213 Modern and Contemporary Philosophy Minors in other disciplines and double majors are encouraged. Consult with the
EC 407 U.S. Economic History Head of the International Studies and Political Science Department.

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in International Studies

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3

55
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 or
or PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
IS 201—Introduction to International Studies and Political Science Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * or
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
or ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
IS 201—Introduction to International Studies and Political Science Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
or PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 or
HI 205—History of the United States I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
EC 201—Principles of Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second Semester
IS 220—International Politics Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
or PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
IS 230—Comparative Politics Credit Hours: 3 or
EC 202—Principles of Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
HI 206—History of the United States II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

IS 301—Techniques of Computer Analysis Credit Hours: 3 ** PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3
EC 306—International Economics Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 15
ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
IS 210—American Government Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3
IS 220—International Politics Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Foreign Language—Foreign Language Elective Credit Hours: 3
or PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
IS 230—Comparative Politics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
IS 320—National Security Policy Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

IS 310—American Foreign Policy Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ELEC Major—Major Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
IS 340—Political Theory Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
IS 401W—International Studies Seminar Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 136
ELEC Restricted—Restricted Elective Credit Hours: 3 * Minimum Grade of “C” Required
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 ** Open only to IS majors who have completed IS 201 with a grade of 75 or higher.
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 +Within the electives courses, cadets must take 6 credits within the civilization and
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5 cultures designation.
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2

56
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical engineering is the second oldest of the engineering professions and has SLO 1.1 Graduates will have the ability to apply the knowledge of mathematics
the largest enrollment of students in the United States. Mechanical engineering is a (through statistics, linear algebra, multivariate calculus and differential equations), sci-
very broad field which includes many areas of study such as refrigeration, air condition- ence (through chemistry and calculus-based physics), and engineering to engineering
ing, energy conversion, nuclear engineering, biomedical engineering, transportation problems in the thermal and mechanical design areas.
equipment engineering and industrial engineering. Mechanical engineers are employed SLO 1.2 Graduates will have the ability to analyze and design mechanical and ther-
in design, operations, sales, energy conservation, research, and management. A me- mal systems, components and processes.
chanical engineering education is an excellent background for a career in the military, SLO 1.3 Graduates will have the ability to design and conduct experiments, and to
government, business, or other professions such as law and medicine. analyze and interpret experimental results.
The mechanical engineering curriculum at VMI has two main branches: one branch SLO 1.4 Graduates will have the ability to use modern computational and analytical
consists of courses related to energy; the other branch has courses which are related techniques, skills, and tools.
to structures and motion in mechanical systems. The mechanical engineering program
also offers two concentrations: the Aerospace Engineering Concentration and the Educational Goal 2
Nuclear Engineering Concentration. The curriculum provides a broad background
Graduates will possess the professional skills and awareness necessary to responsi-
with courses in science, mathematics, liberal arts, and all of the engineering sciences.
bly practice engineering in both a technical and societal context.
Extensive use is made of the computer facilities at VMI.
SLO 2.1 Graduates will have effective oral and written communication skills.
SLO 2.2 Graduates will have the ability to effectively function on teams.
Mission Statement SLO 2.3 Graduates will have an understanding of their professional and eth-
The mission of the VMI Mechanical Engineering Department is to prepare graduates
ic responsibilities.
for graduate studies, a professional engineering career, or a career in the military
SLO 2.4 Graduates will recognize their need of life-long learning and will possess
through a continually improving curriculum of courses in engineering, related scienc-
the ability to engage in life-long learning.
es, mathematics, and humanities which will ensure that our graduates are prepared to
Laboratory facilities consist of: Computer-aided Design and Engineering Lab; Energy
meet our educational objectives.
Lab; Computational Labs; Instrumentation Lab; Manufacturing Lab; Materials Lab.
Laboratories are designed as an extension of classroom work and provide technologi-
Educational Objectives: cal experiments considered important to cadet understanding of classroom concepts.
The educational objectives of the VMI Mechanical Engineering Program are to
Cadets are provided practical hands-on experience on modern equipment. In addition,
produce graduates, who will, within a few years of graduation,
the department strongly emphasizes the integration of design/fabrication/testing
1. have successful careers in industry or the military, or be successfully engaged in
projects, which is supported by a Cadet Projects Lab, and computational problem
post-graduate or advanced educational studies
solution, supported by significant computational resources, across the courses taught
2. be responsible global contributors who uphold strict ethical standards and who
in the ME department. Various computer programming languages are taught as well as
continue to develop their professional skills through sustained engagement in
computer-aided drafting (CAD). Both programming and CAD, as well as other computer
lifelong-learning activities
applications, form an integral part of many of the courses taught in the department.
The Mechanical Engineering Department has been in existence since 1941 and,
Goals and Supporting Student Learning Outcomes (SLO) until 1982, served as a service department to the other engineering departments. The
The potential of our graduates to realize our educational objectives depends on
degree-bearing ME program, initially implemented in 1982, produced its first graduates
the skills and abilities they have developed through the ME curriculum. Therefore, the
in May 1985. The Mechanical Engineering program is accredited by the Engineering
department has identified specific Educational Goals and supporting Student Learning
Accreditation Commission of ABET, http://www.abet.org.
Outcomes (SLO), related to those skills and abilities, that each cadet should possess
The department sponsors a student section of the ASME (American Society of
by graduation.
Mechanical Engineers). Participation in professional activities is emphasized with
cadets being required to attend two professional society meetings as a graduation
Educational Goal 1 requirement. Cadets are also required to take the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) ex-
Graduates will have the ability to apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, and amination as a graduation requirement during their first class year so that in the future
engineering to engineering problems in the thermal and mechanical areas. they can become registered Professional Engineers.

Honors in Mechanical Engineering

1. Eligibility e. A. Inform, in writing, the Department Head of their intention to participate in
Each candidate must: the Honors Program before the end of the cadet’s second class year.
a. A. Have an overall 3.00 quality point average in all classes (through the end of f. B. Register for 2 semesters of the Independent Study sequence (ME 461-ME 462).
his/her 2nd class year). g. C. Find a faculty adviser who is willing to supervise their Independent Study.
b. B. Have an overall 3.25 quality point average in all Mechanical Engineering class- h. D. Have the subject of their independent study approved by the Departmental
es (through the end of his/her 2nd class year). Honors Committee prior to the beginning of the Independent Study sequence.
c. C. Have a 3.00 quality point average in all classes at graduation. The Departmental Honors Committee will appoint a faculty Thesis Committee
d. D. Have a 3.25 quality point average in all Mechanical Engineering classes consisting of three faculty members including the adviser.
at graduation.
3. Program Requirements
2. Application and Administrative Procedures Each candidate must:
Each candidate must:

57
i. A. Write an honors thesis. A typed draft of this thesis will be submitted to their k. C. Present the results of their independent study at an undergraduate (VMI
Thesis Committee no later than five days before the beginning of the final Undergraduate Research Symposium, National Undergraduate Research
examination period. Conference, MARCUS, etc.), regional, national, or international conference.
j. B. Present the results of their independent study to the Thesis Committee and l. D. Submit the final version of their thesis to the Thesis Committee before the
any interested faculty no later than the second day of the final examination end of the final examination period.
period, and receive the endorsement of a majority of the faculty present for
the presentation.

Mechanical Engineering Enrollment and Graduation Data

Mechanical Engineering Academic Year

2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Undergraduate Cadets Enrolled in ME* 189 173 175 182 167 183

BS Degrees Awarded in ME** 27 29 19 28 23 38

*Fall Census
**July 1-June 30

Major in Mechanical Engineering Concentrations in Mechanical Engineering

»» Mechanical Engineering, B.S. »» Aerospace Engineering Concentration
»» Nuclear Engineering Concentration

Mechanical Engineering, B.S.

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Mechanical Engineering

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
ME 105—Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Credit Hours: 1 HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3
ME 109—CAD Applications and Solid Modeling Credit Hours: 1 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 or
CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 1 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 16.5

Second Semester
ME 110—Materials Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
ME 203—Programming Tools for Mechanical Engineers Credit Hours: 2 or
MA 103—Matrix Algebra Credit Hours: 2 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

ME 201—Statics Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3 or
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
MA 220—Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1

Second Semester
ME 206—Solid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3 MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3
ME 311—Thermodynamics I Credit Hours: 3 EE 351—Electrical Circuits and Machines Credit Hours: 3 **
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 or
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 **

58
PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
or Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

ME 302—Dynamics Credit Hours: 3 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 **
ME 313—Thermodynamics II Credit Hours: 3.5 EC 322—Engineering Economy Credit Hours: 2
ME 325—Instrumentation Laboratory Credit Hours: 2 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
EE 351—Electrical Circuits and Machines Credit Hours: 3 ** ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
or Total Semester Hrs: 18.5

Second Semester
ME 314—Fluid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3.5 ME 342—Analysis and Control of Dynamic Systems Credit Hours: 3
ME 321—Dynamics of Machinery Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ME 322—Mechanical Analysis and Design Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ME 336—Heat and Mass Transfer Credit Hours: 3.5 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

ME 419—Thermal-Fluid Systems Design Credit Hours: 4 ME ELEC—2nd Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3
ME 425—Mechanical Design Credit Hours: 4 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
ME 457—Seminar Credit Hours: 0.5 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ME ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17

Second Semester
ME 444W—Mechanical Engineering Design Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
ME 458—Seminar Credit Hours: 0 Total Hours: minimum 140
ME ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 Electives are chosen from the distribution requirements shown below.
ELEC MA/SC—Mathematics or Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 For all Mechanical Engineering and Technical Elective courses taken or attempted in
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 this curriculum, a minimum 2.0 average must be maintained.
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 * Minimum grade of C required
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5 ** To facilitate scheduling in the department half of the cadets majoring in ME will take
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 PS 344 and half will take EE 351.

Mechanical Engineering Curriculum Distribution Requirements for Electives

Electives are chosen by the cadet in consultation with the faculty adviser and subject
Civilizations and Cultures Electives
to the distribution shown below.
Six (6) hours must be selected from the approved list of Civilizations and
Cultures courses.
Technical Electives
Nine (9) hours minimum course work selected from ME, CE, EE, CIS, MA, PY, CH, or BI
Elective
which contribute to the quality of the cadet’s program. Selection of appropriate cours-
A three (3) credit-hour course selected from 200-level or higher. Courses in the
es must be approved by the adviser in consultation with the mechanical engineering
100-level may be selected in Modern Languages.
department head.

Math/Science Elective
A three (3) credit-hour course selected from 200 level or higher mathematics (except
MA 330WXX) or an approved science course from BI, CH, or PY

Military Science (ROTC)

For further information, please see the “Reserve Officers Training Corps” section.

59
Modern Languages and Cultures
The Department of Modern Languages and Cultures offers an interdisciplinary major To earn a bachelor’s degree a cadet must take all prescribed courses and acquire a
that requires in-depth study of Arabic, Chinese, French, and Spanish and emphasizes minimum of 24 credit hours above the 200-level in one foreign language. A minimum
work in literatures, history, and political science. Students of Modern Languages and of 9 credit hours must be earned in 400-level language courses. (please consult the
Cultures thus take a variety of courses aimed toward acquiring knowledge not only of a “Synopsis of the Modern Languages and Cultures Curriculum”):
foreign language, but also of the literature, culture, history, economics, and politics of Majors must either study abroad or participate in a foreign intern program in a coun-
the country or area where the foreign language they are studying is the major tongue. try where their primary foreign language is a principal tongue. Upon completion of all
Since the curriculum allows for 18 hours of unrestricted electives, the department requirements, majors will be awarded a B.A. degree in Modern Languages and Cultures,
encourages cadets to double major or to minor in another curriculum or to study with their language (s) specified (i.e., B.A. in Modern Languages and Cultures—French).
other foreign languages (a minimum of two years study of each language). The Modern
Language and Cultures Department does not accept transfer credit of internet-based or Honors in Modern Languages and Cultures
distance learning courses at any level. A cadet wishing to graduate with Honors in the Department of Modern Languages
The curriculum is designed to provide a student with skills to function effectively must be a Modern Language major, have a cumulative GPA of at least 3.0 in courses
on a shrinking planet. The countries and geographical areas that combine to shape the taken in the major (exclusive of subjects taken in the Fourth Class), and have permission
modern world, while becoming increasingly interconnected and geographically acces- of the Department Head. Cadets must complete ML 498 and ML 499 and produce a the-
sible, nevertheless remain far apart in their linguistic, cultural, economic, and political sis which is written in the student’s major foreign language, as appropriate. The thesis
systems. The Modern Languages and Cultures curriculum enhances an understanding must achieve a language ranking of “Advanced-High” and adhere to MLA specifications.
of global issues and fosters in-depth knowledge of a country or area. Graduates of the
curriculum should thus be well-prepared to pursue advanced study in a variety of fields Major in Modern Languages and Cultures
or to find positions in teaching, the armed forces, government, the foreign service, »» Modern Languages and Cultures, B.A.
or in multinational firms. The curriculum of Modern Languages and Cultures lays the
groundwork for an individual to assume a leadership role in an increasingly internation- Minor in Modern Languages and Cultures
alized world. »» Modern Languages Minor—Arabic, French, German, Spanish, Etc.

Modern Languages and Cultures, B.A.

Synopsis of the B.A. Curriculum in Modern Languages and Cultures

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 100-level Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 or
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 100-level Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
Science Requirement—(BI, CH, or PY w/ lab) Credit Hours: 4 or
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

ML Requirement—Foreign Language 200-level Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
EC 201—Principles of Microeconomics Credit Hours: 3 or
ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second Semester
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 200-level Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
EC 202—Principles of Macroeconomics Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
HI Requirement—HI 324 or HI 325 or IS 310 Credit Hours: 3 or
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1

60
Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

ML Requirement—Foreign Language 300-level Credit Hours: 3 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 300-level Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
EC 306—International Economics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC HI—History Elective Credit Hours: 3 ** Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 300-level Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 300-level Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
IS 220—International Politics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC HI—History Elective Credit Hours: 3 ** Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

ML Requirement—Foreign Language 300-level Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 400-level Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC IS—International Studies Elective Credit Hours: 3 *** Total Semester Hrs: 17
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
ML Requirement—Foreign Language 400-level Credit Hours: 3 the Middle East II; CHI=Any 300-level or 400-level History course; HI 358 From
ML Capstone—Capstone Elective Credit Hours: 3 Mongols to Manchus; HI 359 China in the Communist Era; FR= HI 350 France and the
ELEC IS—International Studies Elective Credit Hours: 3 French Empire; HI 365 The French Revolution and Napoleon; SP= HI 373 Colonial
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Latin America; HI 374 Modern Latin America; HI 388 Modern Spain; Civil War-
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5 Colonial Conflict
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2 *** Cadets are required to take an IS course appropriate to their foreign language
Total Semester Hrs: 14.5 area(s): AR = Any 300 level IS course; CHI=Any upper level IS course; FR = IS 330
Total Hours: minimum 136 Politics and Western Europe; SP = IS 335 Politics in Latin America or IS 330 Politics in
* Minimum Grade of C Required Western Europe
** Cadets are required to take the following history courses as appropriate to their +Cadets must take two civilizations & cultures designated courses.
foreign language(s): AR = HI 333 History of the Middle East I; HI 334 History of

Naval Science (ROTC)

For further information, please see the “Reserve Officers Training Corps” section.

Physical Education
Minor in Physical Education
»» Exercise Science Minor

61
Physics and Astronomy
Physics is the study of the basic laws that describe all natural phenomena, and it is or for graduate study in Nuclear Engineering. It includes 12 credit hours of free
often instrumental to the development of new technologies. At VMI dedicated faculty electives, 6 credit hours of humanities and social science electives, 6 credit hours of
mentors help cadets develop strong analytical reasoning, laboratory, computational, technical electives, and 6 credit hours of physics electives (at the 300 or 400 level).
and technical communication skills. They also provide our majors with the opportunity The department houses a generous complement of well equipped classrooms,
to combine skills developed in their coursework with the creativity needed to solve teaching laboratories and faculty research laboratories. The teaching laboratories
real-world problems in independent research projects in pure and applied physics. include two general physics laboratories, an electronics and interfacing laboratory,
Mathematics is an integral part of the study of physics, and it is essential for students an optics laboratory, and a modern physics laboratory. The department has a small
to come with strong mathematics skills to successfully pursue the physics major. accelerator and nuclear physics laboratory in the basement of Mallory Hall, and the VMI
While the physics curriculum is rich in applied mathematics, it is also a well-balanced Observatory, a short drive from Post, has a 20-inch reflecting telescope and an array
program with many opportunities to develop hands-on laboratory and computer proof smaller telescopes that are used in our astronomy courses and for faculty and cadet
gramming skills and to probe the relationship between experiment and mathematical research projects.
theory that is the hallmark of physics. Faculty conduct research with cadets in laboratories devoted to organic thin film
The physics curriculum is a flexible curriculum that provides an excellent opportu- device fabrication and characterization, laser physics and fiber optics, solid state
nity for the development of intellectual breadth while also building strong scientific and gas phase laser spectroscopy, and astronomy. Every cadet who completes the
and technical skills. Our degree programs offer a generous complement of electives, degree program will work one-on-one or in a small group with a faculty mentor on a
allowing cadets to obtain one or more minors or even to double major in select cases. research project.
This flexibility allows each cadet to point the degree along the career path that they Cadets majoring in physics and the full-time physics faculty form a close-knit aca-
wish to pursue. Historically, physics has been a very marketable degree that graduates demic community in which cadets can pursue a deeper understanding of the physical
use to follow a wide range of career paths in the military, industry, and in education. world while also preparing for a broad array of career paths.
Our B.S. physics degree program offers solid training for many technical career
paths or for graduate study in physics and other closely allied technical fields. In Major in Physics and Astronomy
addition to the core curriculum requirements, it includes 15 credit hours of free »» Physics, B.S.
electives, 6 credit hours of humanities and social science electives, and 12 hours of
technical electives. Minors in Physics and Astronomy
Our B.S. in physics with a concentration in nuclear energy is specifically designed to »» Astronomy Minor
prepare students for work in the nuclear power industry, the Navy’s NUPOC program, »» Physics Minor

Physics, B.S.

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Physics

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3 HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 or
CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 1 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 18.5

Second Semester
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
CH 138—Introductory College Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 or
CH 118—Laboratory for CH 138 Credit Hours: 1 PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3 * ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * Total Semester Hrs: 18.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

PY 254—Optics Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 253W—Optics Laboratory Credit Hours: 1 or
PY 262—General Physics III Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
MA 103—Matrix Algebra Credit Hours: 2 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3

62
Second Semester
PY 223—Programming and Data Analysis Credit Hours: 2 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 257—Electronics and Interfacing Credit Hours: 4 or
PY ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5-17

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

PY 335—Modern Physics I Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3
PY 333W—Modern Physics Laboratory Credit Hours: 1 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY 341—Electricity and Magnetism I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 15
MA 301—Higher Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
PY 336—Modern Physics II Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
PY 342—Electricity and Magnetism II Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PY 441—Classical Mechanics I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

First (Senior) Class First Semester

PY 420—Capstone Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
PY 459—Introduction to Quantum Mechanics Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PY ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Humanities—Humanities Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Second Semester
PY 446—Thermal Physics Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PY ELEC—Technical Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 15.5
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1 Total Hours: minimum 137
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 See text for a discussion of elective requirements
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 *Minimum grade of C required
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5

Psychology
The Department of Psychology offers a Bachelor of Science degree in psychology, Students drawn to psychology must be willing to extend the boundaries of their
and minors in leadership studies and psychology. knowledge about human behavior, develop mature and ethical values, learn to dis-
Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior and the mental, emotional, and tinguish between valuable and trivial information, and acquire the broad perspective
physical processes associated with behavior. It is a science, an academic discipline, and necessary to influence and shape the world around them. They gain from their studies
a profession. As scientists, psychologists are concerned with the careful and systematic a solid knowledge of psychological terms, concepts, theories, methods, and issues.
observation of behavior, as well as the collection, analysis, and interpretation of They develop the ability to gather and synthesize information from a variety of sources,
empirical data. As academicians, psychologists deal with theoretical concepts and in- inside and outside the classroom, and they learn more about the human condition in
terpretations, and ethical controversies. As professionals, psychologists are dedicated the process.
to improving the quality of life, enhancing personal and organizational effectiveness,
and preserving the dignity of their fellow humans.

Honors in Psychology
A cadet may earn honors in psychology by maintaining an overall GPA of 3.0 in
Minors in Psychology
all classes and a GPA of 3.25 in all psychology courses, both upon admittance to the
»» Leadership Studies Minor
program and at graduation. Consult with the head of the Department of Psychology
»» Psychology Minor
for specific requirements regarding eligibility and application and administra-
tive procedures.

Major in Psychology
»» Psychology, B.S.

63
Psychology, B.S.

Psychology Curricula Requirements

The psychology curriculum for the Bachelor of Science degree requires 136 hours to
graduate, of which 45 must be in psychology. (Note: PS 201, ERH 101, and ERH 102 must
be passed with a grade of C or better.)

Synopsis of the B.S. Curriculum in Psychology

Fourth (Freshman) Class First Semester
BI 101—General Biology I Credit Hours: 4 or
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 101—Math that Matters I Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 103—World History I Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 14.5
PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5

Second Semester
PS 201—Introduction to Psychology Credit Hours: 3 PE 102—Boxing Credit Hours: 0.5
BI 102—General Biology II Credit Hours: 4 or
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II Credit Hours: 3 * PE 105—Wellness Concepts Credit Hours: 0.5
MA 102—Math that Matters II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
HI 104—World History II Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5

Third (Sophomore) Class First Semester

PS 202—Introduction to Research Methods Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
PS Core—PS Core C Credit Hours: 3 or
CH 131—Chemical Science I Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
CH 111—Laboratory for CH 131 Credit Hours: 1 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 *** Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
PS 205—Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences Credit Hours: 3 PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival Credit Hours: 0.5
PS 344—Leadership in Organizations Credit Hours: 3 or
PS Core—PS Core C Credit Hours: 3 PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning Credit Hours: 1
CH 132—Chemical Science II Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 1
CH 112—Laboratory for CH 132 Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5-18
ELEC ERH—ERH Elective Credit Hours: 3 ***

Second (Junior) Class First Semester

PS Core—PS Core A Credit Hours: 3 ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
PS Core—PS Core B Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PS Core—PS Core D Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PS LAB—PS Lab Credit Hours: 1 Total Semester Hrs: 18.5
ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 **

Second Semester
PS Core—PS Core A Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
PS Core—PS Core B Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16.5
PS LAB—PS Lab Credit Hours: 1
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking Credit Hours: 1
ELEC Science—Science Elective Credit Hours: 3 **
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5

64
First (Senior) Class First Semester
PS 402W—Advanced Research Methods (formerly Research Methods in Psychology) ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3
Credit Hours: 3 PE Requirement—Elective Credit Hours: 0.5
PS Core—PS Core D Credit Hours: 3 ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 17.5
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3

Second Semester
PS 403W—Independent Project Credit Hours: 3 Total Semester Hrs: 16
PS Core—PS Core D Credit Hours: 3 Total Hours: minimum 136
PS LAB—PS Lab Credit Hours: 1 * Minimum Grade of C required.
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 3 ** Must be taken from: AT, BI, CH, CIS, MA, PY, or PS courses not otherwise applied.
ELEC Free—Free Elective Credit Hours: 4 *** ERH electives include ERH 207, ERH 212, ERH 213, ERH 323, and ERH 332.
ROTC Requirement—AS, MS, or NS Credit Hours: 2

Psychology Core Groups:

a. PS 301 Learning, PS 401 Cognition, PS 404 History and Systems
b. PS 302 Social, PS 305 Abnormal, PS 315 Personality
c. PS 309 Fundamentals of Biopsychology, PS 314 Physiology and Behavior, PS
307 Developmental
d. Any other three PS courses, including those listed in Cores A, B, or C.

65
Academic Concentrations
Departments, with the approval of the Academic Board, may offer a minor (a field and any additional requirements established by the department. The cadet must
secondary field of study outside the major) and/or concentration (an emphasis within maintain at least a 2.0 GPA in the course work for the minor or concentration.
the major). A minimum of 15 semester hours is required in the minor or concentration

Aerospace Engineering Concentration

A cadet may elect to obtain a concentration in Aerospace Engineering. To obtain a
Also Must Complete 3 of the Following 6 Courses
concentration in Aerospace Engineering a cadet must complete ME 311, ME 314, and 3
ME 413—Aircraft Propulsion Systems Credit Hours: 3
of the following 6 courses, ME 413, ME 415, ME 416, ME 417, ME 481, ME 484 for a total of
ME 415—Flight Mechanics Credit Hours: 3
15 hours. A 2.0 GPA must be maintained in courses for the concentration. A cadet must
ME 416—Fundamentals of Aerodynamics Credit Hours: 3
obtain permission from both the ME department head and the head of the cadet’s major
ME 417—Aircraft Structural Analysis Credit Hours: 3
field of study.
ME 481—Computational Modeling and Virtual Design Credit Hours: 3
(Aerospace Project)
Must Complete ME 484—Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials Credit Hours: 3 (Aerospace Project)
ME 311—Thermodynamics I Credit Hours: 3
ME 314—Fluid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3.5

Art History and Visual Culture Concentration

The Art History and Visual Culture Concentration prepares cadets for a world where ERH 204—The Language of Art Credit Hours: 3
the proliferation of images—in new media as well as in traditional forms—demands ERH 215—History of Art I Credit Hours: 3
a critical engagement with the visual environment. Cadets following this track will ERH 216—History of Art II Credit Hours: 3
improve their visual literacy through courses that stress close looking and critical ERH 217—Film and Performance Studies Credit Hours: 3
thinking. Each of the classes in the minor highlights the importance of dynamic com- ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3
munication, asking Cadets to prepare multimedia presentations and produce analytical ERH 225—Visual Arts Studio Credit Hours: 3
writing. In addition to helping them develop such important skills, the focus on art ERH 230—Artistic Responses to Social and Political Issues Credit Hours: 3
objects, artists, and theoretical perspectives provides Cadets with robust exposure to ERH 331—Aesthetics Credit Hours: 3
art’s traditional role as a force and shapes and reflects broad cultural phenomena. ERH 341—Contemporary Art Since 1945 Credit Hours: 3
ERH 370-379—Studies in Art and Culture Credit Hours: 3
Required: Note:
ERH 215—History of Art I Credit Hours: 3 When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 230—Artistic
or Responses to Social and Political Issues, ERH 421—One Text, and ERH 422—Major
ERH 216—History of Art II Credit Hours: 3 Figures. A notation will be included on the course schedule so that cadets are aware of
Five courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level: this possibility.

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB) Concentration

The Concentration in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology is a collaborative effort
Required Courses
between the biology and chemistry departments and is designed for the biology,
BI 101—General Biology I Credit Hours: 4
chemistry, or other science or engineering majors who wish to emphasize biochemical
or
or molecular issues in their studies. It is also designed to offer students undergraduate
BI 113—Fundamentals of Biology III Credit Hours: 4
research opportunities in these areas. This option does not change the credit hours
BI 346—Genetics Credit Hours: 4
needed for the B.S./B.A. in biology or the B.S./B.A. in chemistry degrees.
CH 322—Metabolic Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3
The Concentration requires completion of BI 101—General Biology I or BI 113—
CH 323—Laboratory for CH 321 Credit Hours: 1.5
Fundamentals of Biology III, BI 205—Genetics or BI 346—Genetics, CH 322—Metabolic
Biochemistry, and CH 323—Laboratory for CH 321. Students must also choose one
Cell Elective (choose one of these)
from each of the following categories: Cell Elective: either BI 404—Cell Biology or BI
BI 313—Microbiology Credit Hours: 4
313—Microbiology; Molecular Elective: either BI 430—Molecular Biology or CH 301—
or
Physical Chemistry I; and Biochemistry Elective: either CH 321—Structural Biochemistry
BI 404—Cell Biology Credit Hours: 3
or BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry. Students must also complete 4 credits minimum
of research experience in an approved area of biology or chemistry. The research
Molecular Elective (choose one of these)
experience may be obtained through thesis research, independent research, summer
CH 301—Physical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3
research, a combination of these experiences, or an approved external research experi-
or
ence that offers academic credit. A 2.0 GPA must be maintained in BMB courses for the
BI 430—Molecular Biology Credit Hours: 3
concentration. An application form for the BMB concentration can be obtained from
the biology department secretary or BMB Director.
Biochemistry Elective (choose one of these)
CH 321—Structural Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3

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or BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry Credit Hours: 4

Ecology, Conservation, and Organismal Sciences (ECOS) Concentration

The Concentration in Ecology, Conservation, and Organismal Sciences (ECOS) is GPA must be maintained in ECOS courses for the concentration. Permission to partic-
intended for cadets who wish to explore field-based and organismal disciplines of ipate in the program must be obtained from the student’s department head and the
biology, including plant and animal biology, conservation, and ecology. The program ECOS Director. An application form for the ECOS concentration can be obtained from
also is intended to promote hands-on experiences through undergraduate research, the Biology Department Secretary or on-line through the ECOS website.
internships in related fields, or immersion in a designated intensive field-oriented
class. The ECOS option does not affect the credit hours required for the B.S. or B.A. in Suggested Course Selection for the ECOS Concentration
biology, however, 14 credit hours must be obtained from the following list of courses: Must select 14 credit hours from the following two lists of courses.
BI 216 Animal Behavior, BI 217 General Botany, BI 219 Conservation Biology, BI 304
Comparative Vertebrate Morphology, BI 307 Vertebrate Biology, BI 312 Ecology, BI 321 Taxon Specific Courses
Invertebrate Zoology, BI 324 Ornithology, BI 326 Parasitology, or BI 310 Evolutionary Of the 14 credits, at least one course must be from the following:
Biology. Of these 14 required credits, cadets must take at least one taxon specific BI 216—Animal Behavior Credit Hours: 3
course (BI 216, BI 217, BI 304, BI 321, BI 324 or BI 326), and one concept-based course BI 217—General Botany Credit Hours: 4
(BI 219, BI 310, BI 312, or BI 325). Cadets must complete an additional 4 credit hours by BI 219—Conservation Biology Credit Hours: 4
fulfilling an Intensive Experience, which may include an approved ECOS research proj- BI 304—Comparative Vertebrate Morphology Credit Hours: 4
ect or internship, or a course that has been designated as “field intensive”. Approved BI 307—Vertebrate Biology Credit Hours: 4
research projects may include 2 semesters of independent research (BI 390/390W/BI BI 321—Invertebrate Zoology Credit Hours: 4
391/391W or BI 490/490W/BI 491/491W), a Summer Undergraduate Research Initiative BI 324—Ornithology Credit Hours: 4
(SURI) project, or an equivalent project that has been arranged with approval of a BI 326—Parasitology Credit Hours: 4
faculty mentor and the ECOS Director. Fulfilling the department’s capstone experience
requirement may also satisfy this Intensive Experience need. Conducting a summer Concept-Based Courses
internship through an approved partner organization is a viable alternative to research, Of the 14 credits, at least one course must be from the following:
and in fact may be preferable for cadets with particular career goals. Fulfillment of the BI 310—Evolutionary Biology Credit Hours: 3
Intensive Experience also may be accomplished by completing a course that has been BI 312—Ecology Credit Hours: 4
designated as “field intensive” by the ECOS Director (BI 351/BI 352 or equivalent). A 2.0 BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry Credit Hours: 4

Financial Management Concentration

The Concentration in Financial Management is designed for the Economics and
Required Economics and Business Electives Courses:
Business majors who wish to emphasize financial issues in their studies. It is also
BU 310—Business Finance Credit Hours: 3
designed to facilitate the transition to graduate-level work in accounting and finance.
BU 411W—Equity Markets and Investing Credit Hours: 3
This option does not change the 139 credit hours necessary for the degree. Economics
BU 412—Fixed Income, Derivatives, and Alternative Assets Credit Hours: 3
and Business majors who wish to declare a Financial Management Concentration must
EC 430—Financial Modeling Credit Hours: 3
apply in person to the head of the Department of Economics and Business.
All course work for the Concentration in Financial Management must be completed
Plus one of the following Economics and Business Electives:
with an overall 2.0 average.
BU 305—Intermediate Accounting Credit Hours: 3
In addition to meeting the requirements of the major in Economics and Business, the
BU 415—Financial Statements Analysis Credit Hours: 3
following courses are required for the Concentration in Financial Management:
EC 307—International Finance Credit Hours: 3
EC 405—Money and Banking Credit Hours: 3

Global Management Concentration

The Concentration in Global Management is designed for Economics and Business EC 435WX—Institutions and Economic Development Credit Hours: 3
majors who wish to emphasize international issues and globalization in their studies.
This option does not change the 139 credit hours necessary for the degree. Economics Elective substitutions
and Business majors who wish to declare a Global Management Concentration must One of the following electives may be substituted for one of the ECBU courses listed
apply in person to the head of the Department of Economics and Business. above (with approval of the Department Head).
IS 220—International Politics Credit Hours: 3
Complete five of the following ECBU courses IS 230—Comparative Politics Credit Hours: 3
In order to complete this concentration, cadets will be required to complete five of IS 310—American Foreign Policy Credit Hours: 3
the following ECBU courses: IS 435WX—Comparative Political Economy Credit Hours: 3
BU 220—Principles of Management Credit Hours: 3 IS 352—International Law Credit Hours: 3
BU 306—International Business Credit Hours: 3
BU 419—International Marketing Credit Hours: 3 Study Abroad
EC 307—International Finance Credit Hours: 3 All coursework for the concentration in global management must be completed with
EC 308—International Trade Credit Hours: 3 an overall 2.0 average.
EC 401—Developmental Economics Credit Hours: 3

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Interdisciplinary Studies in Latin America Concentration
Cadets interested in this concentration area should consult with COL Dennis M.
Foster, Department Head of International Studies to determine program requirements.

Literary Studies Concentration

Cadets who pursue the Literary Studies Concentration will analyze significant works ERH 222—Genre Studies—Poetry Credit Hours: 3
of literature in the context of the traditions and cultures that shaped and were shaped ERH 223—Genre Studies—Fiction Credit Hours: 3
by them. Cadets will utilize various critical approaches to evaluate, understand, and ERH 224—Genre Studies—Nonfiction Credit Hours: 3
respond to works from a variety of genres and historical periods in order to appreciate ERH 304—Language and Style Credit Hours: 3
the important role of literature in reflecting and shaping one’s values, beliefs, and ERH 321—British Literature in Cultural Context Credit Hours: 3
practices. In addition to studying the works of established writers, Cadets will compose ERH 322—American Literature in Cultural Context Credit Hours: 3
their own creative works. ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature Credit Hours: 3
ERH 331—Aesthetics Credit Hours: 3
Required: Note:
ERH 205—British Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 230—Artistic
ERH 206—American Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 Responses to Social and Political Issues, ERH 421—One Text, and ERH 422—Major
Four courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level: Figures. A notation will be included on the course schedule so that cadets are aware of
ERH 203—Ways of Reading Credit Hours: 3 this possibility.

Military History Concentration

This concentration or minor can be declared through the Department of: History A minor in Military History is available to cadets majoring in other curricula. The
This option is available to history majors as a concentration in military history. They requirement for the military history minor are HI 103, HI 104, HI 205 or 205W, HI 206 all
must complete twelve hours of military history electives. Cadets must also meet all with a grade of C or better, and twelve additional hours of military history electives to
other requirements such as regional distributions. total twenty four hours of history.

Nuclear Engineering Concentration

A cadet may elect to obtain a concentration/minor in Nuclear Engineering. To obtain ME 313—Thermodynamics II Credit Hours: 3.5
a concentration/minor in Nuclear Engineering a cadet must complete the mandato- ME 314—Fluid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3.5 or
ry courses and two of the three available electives for a total of 15 hours. A 2.5 GPA CE 309—Fluid Mechanics Credit Hours: 3
must be maintained in the courses for the concentration/minor. A cadet must obtain
permission from both the ME Department head and the head of the cadet’s major field Elective Courses (choose two out of three).
of study. ME 431—Power Plant Design Credit Hours: 3
PY 344—Nuclear Physics Credit Hours: 3
Mandatory PY 453—Nuclear Reactor Engineering Credit Hours: 3
ME 311—Thermodynamics I Credit Hours: 3

Philosophy Concentration
This Concentration in Philosophy will develop cadets’ skills in analytical reasoning, or
critical thinking, argumentation, and textual analysis. Application of these skills is ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3
essential for the citizen-soldier, for each sharpens the cadet’s ability to evaluate and ERH 240—Poverty and Human Capability Credit Hours: 3
reason, learn from others, and communicate. Cadets will explore the works of great ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature Credit Hours: 3
philosophers from Plato and Aristotle to Nietzsche and Wittgenstein, and review ques- ERH 331—Aesthetics Credit Hours: 3
tions in ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, and the philosophy of mind. Cadets will ERH 332—Logic and Critical Thinking Credit Hours: 3
practice formulating arguments in written works and test their ability to analyze and Note:
synthesize knowledge in oral discussions. When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 421—One Text and
ERH 422—Major Figures. A notation will be included on the course schedule so that
Two of the following are required: cadets are aware of this possibility.
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
ERH 213—Modern and Contemporary Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
Four courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level:
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
ERH 213—Modern and Contemporary Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3

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Rhetoric and Writing Concentration
Cadets who concentrate in Rhetoric and Writing will examine the philosophical and ERH 224—Genre Studies—Nonfiction Credit Hours: 3
ethical foundations of rhetoric while developing and practicing the skills necessary ERH 230—Artistic Responses to Social and Political Issues Credit Hours: 3
for effective communication in public, professional, and private spheres. They learn to ERH 250—Teaching Writing Credit Hours: 3
analyze rhetorically complex acts of communication (texts, speeches, images, gestures) ERH 301—Rhetoric and Public Address Credit Hours: 3
by taking into consideration socio-political, historical, and cultural contexts in order to ERH 302—Civic Discourse Credit Hours: 3
better understand human motives and enhance cooperation through the effective use ERH 303—Cultural Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3
of language ERH 304—Language and Style Credit Hours: 3
ERH 311-313—Professional Writing (Discipline/Field Specific) Credit Hours: 3
Required: ERH 314—Technical Communication Credit Hours: 3
ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3 ERH 411—Fieldwork Credit Hours: 3
ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3 ERH 470-479—Seminar in Rhetoric and Writing Credit Hours: 3
Four courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level: Note:
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3 When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 421—One Text, ERH
ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy Credit Hours: 3 422—Major Figures, and ERH 495-496 Honors Thesis I & II. A notation will be included
ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3 on the course schedule so that cadets are aware of this possibility. In addition, one
ERH 222—Genre Studies—Poetry Credit Hours: 3 Writing Intensive (W) course may be substituted for one Rhetoric/Writing elective.
ERH 223—Genre Studies—Fiction Credit Hours: 3

Academic Minors
Departments, with the approval of the Academic Board, may offer a minor (a field and any additional requirements established by the department. The cadet must
secondary field of study outside the major) and/or concentration (an emphasis within maintain at least a 2.0 GPA in the course work for the minor or concentration.
the major). A minimum of 15 semester hours is required in the minor or concentration

Art History and Visual Culture Minor

This minor can be declared through the department of English, Rhetoric, and Five courses, at least one of which is at the 300- or 400-level:
Humanistic Studies. ERH 204—The Language of Art Credit Hours: 3
The Art History and Visual Culture Minor prepares cadets for a world where the ERH 215—History of Art I Credit Hours: 3
proliferation of images—in new media as well as in traditional forms—demands a critical ERH 216—History of Art II Credit Hours: 3
engagement with the visual environment. Cadets following this track will improve their ERH 217—Film and Performance Studies Credit Hours: 3
visual literacy through courses that stress close looking and critical thinking. Each of ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3
the classes in the minor highlights the importance of dynamic communication, asking ERH 225—Visual Arts Studio Credit Hours: 3
Cadets to prepare multimedia presentations and produce analytical writing. In addition ERH 230—Artistic Responses to Social and Political Issues Credit Hours: 3
to helping them develop such important skills, the focus on art objects, artists, and ERH 331—Aesthetics Credit Hours: 3
theoretical perspectives provides Cadets with robust exposure to art’s traditional role ERH 341—Contemporary Art Since 1945 Credit Hours: 3
as a force that shapes and reflects broad cultural phenomena. ERH 370-379—Studies in Art and Culture Credit Hours: 3
Note:
Required: When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 230—Artistic
ERH 215—History of Art I Credit Hours: 3 Responses to Social and Political Issues, ERH 421—One Text, and ERH 422—Major
or Figures. A notation will be included on the course schedule so that cadets are aware of
ERH 216—History of Art II Credit Hours: 3 this possibility.

Asian Studies Minor

This interdisciplinary minor can be declared through the Department of majors in these departments are especially encouraged to consider this opportunity.
International Studies and Political Science. For information about courses and plans of study, please see LTC Howard Sanborn.
The purpose of the Asian Studies Minor is to support the study of Asia on Post and
develop “citizens of character who anticipate, respond, and lead in a complex and Asian Studies Minor Requirements
changing world.” This academic experience is designed to rigorously educate cadets on Cadets will take eighteen credits of electives, with at least three credits from each of
the affairs of East, Central, South, and Southeast Asia. Cadets can design their program three departments. Substitutions to the elective curriculum will be considered by the
of study to focus on a particular country, such as China, or enroll in courses that cover a affiliated faculty.
variety of topics in order gain a rich understanding of the region.
In the recent past, a number of departments have offered classes that can fulfill International Studies and Polictical Science
the requirements of the Asian Studies minor, including International Studies, History, (choose at least 3 credits)
Modern Language and Cultures, and Economics and Business. Cadets who pursue IS 332X—Politics in East Asia Credit Hours: 3
IS 333—Politics in Southeast Asia Credit Hours: 3

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IS 334X—Politics of Central Asia Credit Hours: 3
Astronomy Minor
IS 336WX—Politics in China Credit Hours: 3
This minor can be declared through the Department of Physics and Astronomy.
IS 338—Politics of India and the Subcontinent Credit Hours: 3
A minor in astronomy is offered to cadets who desire to complement their major
area of study with additional work in the field of astronomy. The student must complete
History (choose at least 3 credits) the following courses:
HI 310X—War and Society in Modern China Credit Hours: 3
HI 327—India From the Age of the Harrapans to the Present Day Credit Hours: 3
Minor Requirements:
HI 346—Modern Japan Credit Hours: 3
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3
HI 358—From Mongols to Manchus: Chinese Imperial History, 1206-1911 Credit Hours: 3
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3 and
HI 359—China in the Communist Era (1949-Present) Credit Hours: 3
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1
Modern Languages and Cultures AT 201—Introductory Astronomy I Credit Hours: 3
(choose at least 3 credits)
AT 202—Introductory Astronomy II Credit Hours: 3
200, 300, 400-level Chinese language
AT 301—Observational Techniques Credit Hours: 4
CHI 210—Chinese Martial Arts Cinema Credit Hours: 3
AT 306—Introductory Astrophysics Credit Hours: 3
CHI 481—Survey of Chinese Culture and Society Credit Hours: 3
Note:
* 100-level Chinese language courses will not count toward the minor
A minimum GPA of 2.0 is required in all courses required for the minor.

Business Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of Economics and Business. To pursue a minor in business, cadets must obtain the permission of the Head of the
The Department of Economics and Business offers a minor in business. The business Department of Economics and Business and the head of the department of their major
minor is intended for those cadets in other curricula who wish to supplement their field. The necessary application form can be obtained from the Head of the Department
major with a general business orientation. of Economics and Business. Cadets must maintain an overall 2.0 in the minor and
The discipline of business is concerned with decision making based upon con- complete all required course work with a grade of “C” or higher. All required courses
sideration of costs and benefits. Such decision making is central to the conduct of must be taken at VMI. In addition, no more than one elective courses can be taken at
both private enterprises and the public sector of our society. Cadets are required to another school.
complete EC 201 or EC 202, EC 303*, BU 210, BU 220, BU 230, BU 310 , plus one additional *Competency in statistics can be demonstrated by receiving a “C” or higher in MA
course which may include the second of the EC 201-202 sequence or BU 211, BU 316, BU 101 and MA 102 or MA 220 or MA 326 in lieu of EC 303.
330, BU 339.

Chemistry Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of Chemistry. or
The Department of Chemistry offers a minor in chemistry to those cadets wishing CH 138—Introductory College Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3
to expand their scientific knowledge beyond their declared major. A cadet wishing to and CH 118—Laboratory for CH 138 Credit Hours: 1
obtain a minor in Chemistry must submit a plan of study to the Department Head in Plus
Chemistry for approval. The plan of study must include no less than 21.5 credit hours CH 223—Organic Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3
of chemistry courses selected from the courses listed below. As part of the 21.5 credit
hour requirement for the minor, a student must first complete the three courses listed Group I Electives:
below as “Non-Elective Requirements.” To insure a breadth of coverage in the field of (Pick at least three)
chemistry, a minimum of three courses listed below as “Group I Electives” must be cho- CH 224—Organic Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Organic)
sen, and each selected course must be in a different area of chemistry; biochemistry, CH 246—Inorganic Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Inorganic)
organic, physical, inorganic, or analytical. Finally, at least one laboratory course listed CH 301—Physical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Physical)
below as “Group II Electives” must be completed. or CH 467—Theoretical Chemistry Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Physical)
The plan of study should include all college level courses completed by the cadet as CH 321—Structural Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Biochemistry)
well as all courses the cadet intends to complete prior to graduation. All changes to the or CH 322—Metabolic Biochemistry Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Biochemistry)
plan of study must be approved by the Depattment Head in order to maintain eligibility CH 335—Analytical Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Analytical)
for the chemistry minor. or CH 336—Analytical Chemistry II Credit Hours: 3 (Chemistry Area—Analytical)

Non-Elective Requirements: Group II Electives:

(You must complete all of these) (Pick at least one)
CH 131—Chemical Science I Credit Hours: 3 CH 225—Organic Laboratory I Credit Hours: 3
and CH 111—Laboratory for CH 131 Credit Hours: 1 CH 226—Organic Laboratory II Credit Hours: 3
or CH 229—Organic Laboratory I for Non-Majors Credit Hours: 1.5
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I Credit Hours: 3 CH 230—Organic Laboratory II for Non-Majors Credit Hours: 1.5
and CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137 Credit Hours: 1 CH 311W—Laboratory for CH 301 Credit Hours: 3
And also CH 312W—Laboratory for CH 302 Credit Hours: 3
CH 132—Chemical Science II Credit Hours: 3 CH 323—Laboratory for CH 321 Credit Hours: 1.5
and CH 112—Laboratory for CH 132 Credit Hours: 1 CH 337—Laboratory for CH 335 Credit Hours: 3

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CH 338—Laboratory for CH 336 Credit Hours: 3 CH 434—Chemical Synthesis Credit Hours: 3

Computer and Information Sciences Minor

This minor can be declared through the Department of Computer and CIS 111—Programming I and CIS 112—Programming II
Information Sciences. or
The minor is intended for those cadets in other curricula who wish to supplement EE 240—C Programming and EE 242—C++ and Object Oriented Programming (6
their major with a foundation and application in computer and information sciences. Credits total)
Minor requirements—18 Credit Hours as shown below.
Minor Electives: 9 Credit Hours
Minor Required Courses: 9 Credit Hours Nine Credit Hours chosen from CIS courses numbered 300 or above.
CIS 101—Introduction to Computer Science or a CIS course 200 level or above Cadets must maintain an overall 2.0 in the minor and complete all required course
(3 Credits) work with a grade of “C” or higher.
and one sequence chosen from:

Computer Engineering Minor

This minor can be declared through the department of Electrical and 3. Describe ethical components of decision-making in cyber and cyber security prac-
Computer Engineering. tices and applications
4. Analyze cyber-enabled systems as pertaining to vulnerabilities, threats, risks
Minor Requirements—18-20 Credit Hours and resilience
EE 129—Introduction to Digital Logic Circuits Credit Hours: 3 5. Analyze behaviors in cyberspace, and identify potential ethical conflicts and means
EE 228—Digital Systems Design Credit Hours: 3 for their resolution
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 * 6. Develop an artifact assimilating knowledge of technical, management and behavior-
ECE ELEC—Electrical & Computer Engineering Elective Credit Hours: 3 * al aspects in securing cyber-enabled systems
* Requires ECE Departmental Approval Demonstrate good written and oral technical communication skills
And, one of the two options below:
Course Requirements
Option 1: (C/C++sequence) 6 Credit Hours 21 Credits total plus practicum
EE 140—C Programming Credit Hours: 3 9 core credits [No prerequisite courses (beyond the VMI core) are required for any of
EE 142—C++ & Object Oriented Programming Credit Hours: 3 the core courses]

Option 2: (Java sequence) 8 Credit Hours Cyber Systems, Security, and Resilience
CIS 111—Programming I Credit Hours: 3
CIS 111L—Laboratory for Programming I Credit Hours: 1 Programming
CIS 112—Programming II Credit Hours: 3 CIS 111—Programming I Credit Hours: 3
CIS 112L—Laboratory for Programming II Credit Hours: 1 or
CIS 310—Computational Thinking and Programming Credit Hours: 3
Cybersecurity Minor or
This minor can be declared through the Department of Computer and
Information Sciences. Behavior and Ethics
Director: COL Mohamed Eltoweissy (X7939, [email protected]) ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3
or
Eligibility PS 201—Introduction to Psychology Credit Hours: 3
Cadets in ALL VMI academic departments »» 12 elective credits chosen from among two of the following tracks (the reason for
restricting the electives to two tracks is to provide adequate depth):
Admission Requirements Technical Track
The Minor in Cybersecurity requires a 3.0 GPA for admission. CIS 112—Programming II Credit Hours: 3 or
EE 445—Computer Networks Credit Hours: 3
Good Standing Requirement EE 328—Computer Architecture Credit Hours: 3
Cadets must maintain a 3.0 GPA in the minor program throughout their course Management and Policy Track
of study. BU 330—Management Information Systems Credit Hours: 3
BU 335—Web 2.0 for Business Credit Hours: 3
Student Learning Outcomes EC 414—Applied Game Theory Credit Hours: 3
1. Demonstrate understanding of cyber security, ethics and resilience concepts as IS 320—National Security Policy Credit Hours: 3
transdisciplinary, with an understanding of major technical, management, legal, Humanistic and Social Studies Track
regulatory, and compliance frameworks ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3
2. Describe major components of primary cyber security and cyber resilience systems/ ERH 302—Civic Discourse Credit Hours: 3
components for the prevention, detection, response and resilience to cyber attacks ERH 314—Technical Communication Credit Hours: 3
ERH 332—Logic and Critical Thinking Credit Hours: 3

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PS 302—Social Psychology Credit Hours: 3 »» Must address issues related to security, ethics and resilience
PS 313—Forensic Psychology Credit Hours: 3 »» Requires a final report and presentation
Critical Infrastructure Track »» May include, but not limited to, any of the following:
*Under Development ›› Capstone project
»» No more than three elective courses in any one track ›› Internship
»» At least 15 credits outside the major ›› Summer research project
Practicum ›› Community and/or professional service (minimum 40 hours)
»» Must be pre-approved by the minor coordinator

Suggested Sample Projects for CySec

1. Exploting and developing solutions for critical infrastructure security 6. Privacy-preserving healthcare management systems
2. Nature-inspired cyber security solutions 7. Exploration of relevant policies such as HIPPA, Sarbanes-Oxley, etc.
3. Modeling and analysis of secure enterprise information systems 8. Design and analysis of attacker-defender games
4. Evaluation of cryptographic algorithms 9. Cloud computing platforms for cyber resilience
5. Designing a platform for cyber competitions 10. Exploring the tension between security and privacy

Economics Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of Economics and Business. of the department of their major field. The necessary application form can be obtained
The Department of Economics and Business offers a minor in economics. The from the Head of the Department of Economics and Business. Cadets must maintain
economics minor is intended for cadets in other curricula who wish to supplement their an overall 2.0 in the minor and complete all required course work with a grade of “C”
major with a further study of economic theory. Cadets are required to complete EC 201, or higher. All required courses must be taken at VMI. In addition, no more than two
EC 202, EC 303*, and four additional economics electives at the 300 or 400 level (these elective courses can be taken at another school.
may include EC 300 and EC 330). To pursue a minor in economics, cadets must obtain *Competency in statistics can be demonstrated by receiving a “C” or higher in MA
the permission of the Head of the Department of Economics and Business and the head 101 and MA 102 or MA 220 or MA 326 in lieu of EC 303.

Exercise Science Minor

This interdisciplinary minor can be declared through the department of physical CH 262—Public Health issues Credit Hours: 3
education or the department of biology. PE 340—Teaching Mentorship in Physical Education Credit Hours: 1-3
The Minor in Exercise Science is designed to provide cadets with a comprehen- PE 190—Independent Research Credit Hours: 1-3
sive introduction to the foundations of exercise and fitness. It will prepare cadets PE 290—Independent Research Credit Hours: 1-3
to be eligible to sit for the American College of Sports Medicine Health and Fitness PE 431—Physical Activity and Wellness Through the Lifespan Credit Hours: 3
Instructor Certification Examination or the National Strength and Conditioning PE 432—Concepts of Strength Training and Conditioning Credit Hours: 3
Association Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist, and Tactical Strength and PE 490—Exercise Science Internship Credit Hours: 3
Conditioning—Facilitator Examinations. PS 309—Fundamentals of Biopsychology (formerly PS 203—Biopsychology I) Credit
Hours: 3
Requirements for the Minor in Exercise Science PS 317—Sports Psychology Credit Hours: 3
The exercise science minor requires a minimum of 16 hours of specified course work PS 321—Stress and Health Credit Hours: 3
beyond BI 101 and BI 102 or BI 111 and BI 112 (*indicates lab courses).
PE Elective Offerings:
Required Courses (10 hours): All cadets enrolled in the exercise science minor must take 1.5 credits from the
BI 101 and BI 102 or BI 111 and BI 112 are core science requirements for the exercise following courses as part of their 4.0 credit core requirement for physical education.
science minor. Additional required courses are: PE 200—Drug and Alcohol Abuse Awareness Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 324—Exercise Physiology Credit Hours: 4 * PE 306—Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 380—Kinesiology and Functional Anatomy Credit Hours: 3 PE 325—Understanding Sports Injuries Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 433—Nutrition Credit Hours: 3 PE 327—Passive Stretching and Yoga Exercise Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 328—Stress Reduction and Mindfulness Credit Hours: 0.5
Optional Courses: (minimum 6 hours) PE 405—Dietary Supplements Credit Hours: 0.5
Must choose any two courses below PE 411—Fundamentals of Resistance Training Credit Hours: 0.5
BI 204—Physiology Credit Hours: 4 * PE 412—Weight Training Credit Hours: 0.5
BI 304—Comparative Vertebrate Morphology Credit Hours: 4 * PE 413—Cardiovascular Training Application Credit Hours: 0.5

History Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of History C or better, and twelve additional hours of history electives to total twenty-four hours
A minor in history is available to cadets majoring in other curricula. The require- of history.
ments for a minor are HI 103, HI 104, HI 205 or HI 205W and HI 206, all with a grade of

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International Studies Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of: International Studies and outside their major curriculum. Required courses for the minor include IS 310 or HI 324,
Political Science or HI 325, and IS 220 and IS 320.
Cadets majoring in other curricula may fulfill the requirements for the IS minor by History majors who choose to fulfill the requirements for the minor by taking HI
taking 18 semester credit hours of international studies and political science courses 324 or HI 325 are still required to take 18 credit hours outside their major (21 hrs. total).
History majors who take IS 310 can complete the minor with 18 credit hours.

Leadership Studies Minor

The Department of Psychology offers an interdisciplinary minor in IS 310—American Foreign Policy Credit Hours: 3
Leadership Studies. IS 311—The American Congress Credit Hours: 3
This minor can be declared through the Department of Psychology IS 312—The American Presidency Credit Hours: 3
IS 320—National Security Policy Credit Hours: 3
Requirements: IS 423W—Studies in Grand Strategy Credit Hours: 3
To be eligible for the Leadership Studies minor requires a grade of C or better in PS IS 442—Law, Morality, and Power Credit Hours: 3
344—Leadership in Organizations, a course which is required of all cadets. Additionally,
the Leadership Studies minor requires a minimum of 18 hours in leadership studies, Electives Group C:
with a grade of C or better in each course. Upon electing to minor in Leadership ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3
Studies, the cadet must obtain approval of the Department Head in his or her own ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3
department, and from the Head of the Department of Psychology. ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 301—Rhetoric and Public Address Credit Hours: 3
Required Courses (6 hours): ERH 332—Logic and Critical Thinking Credit Hours: 3
All cadets must complete PS 201—Introduction to Psychology and PS 302—
Social Psychology. Electives Group D:
PS 308—Motivation Credit Hours: 3
Electives (12 hours): PS 315—Theories of Personality Credit Hours: 3
Select one course from each of the following groups: PS 317—Sports Psychology Credit Hours: 3
PS 320—Positive Psychology Credit Hours: 3
Electives Group A: PS 495W—Independent Project in Leadership Studies Credit Hours: 3
BU 220—Principles of Management Credit Hours: 3
BU 306—International Business Credit Hours: 3 Rationale:
BU 322—Human Resource Management Credit Hours: 3
Through an interdisciplinary curriculum, we seek to develop in each qualified cadet
EC 340—Entrepreneurship Credit Hours: 3
a base of knowledge about leadership and its application. The intent of this minor is to
allow cadets to enhance their knowledge of the leadership process, while simultane-
Electives Group B: ously contributing to an increase in their personal effectiveness as a leader.
HI 350—French Revolution and Napoleon Credit Hours: 3

Literary Studies Minor

This minor can be declared through the department of English, Rhetoric, and ERH 203—Ways of Reading Credit Hours: 3
Humanistic Studies. ERH 222—Genre Studies—Poetry Credit Hours: 3
Cadets who pursue the Literary Studies Minor will analyze significant works of ERH 223—Genre Studies—Fiction Credit Hours: 3
literature in the context of the traditions and cultures that shaped and were shaped ERH 224—Genre Studies—Nonfiction Credit Hours: 3
by them. Cadets will utilize various critical approaches to evaluate, understand, and ERH 304—Language and Style Credit Hours: 3
respond to works from a variety of genres and historical periods in order to appreciate ERH 321—British Literature in Cultural Context Credit Hours: 3
the important role of literature in reflecting and shaping one’s values, beliefs, and ERH 322—American Literature in Cultural Context Credit Hours: 3
practices. In addition to studying the works of established writers, Cadets will compose ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature Credit Hours: 3
their own creative works. ERH 331—Aesthetics Credit Hours: 3
Note:
Required: When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 230—Artistic
ERH 205—British Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 Responses to Social and Political Issues, ERH 421—One Text, and ERH 422—Major
ERH 206—American Literary Traditions Credit Hours: 3 Figures. A notation will be included on the course schedule so that cadets are aware of
Four courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level: this possibility.

Mathematics Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of: Applied Mathematics

73
MA 326—Probability and Statistics Credit Hours: 3
Minor Requirements
A minor in mathematics is offered to cadets who desire to complement their major
Additional Requirements
area of study with mathematics. The following courses are required for the minor:
»» Nine additional semester hours chosen from MA courses numbered 300 and above.
MA 103—Matrix Algebra Credit Hours: 2
Three of these hours may be satisfied with one of HNS 377W, HNS 381WX, or MA
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I Credit Hours: 3
330WX. At least a 2.0 GPA must be maintained for courses within the minor field.
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II Credit Hours: 3
»» Cadets cannot use both MA 220 and MA 326 towards the minor.
MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III Credit Hours: 4
To become a candidate for the minor, the cadet must obtain the approval of both the
MA 220—Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists Credit Hours: 3
Head of the Department of Applied Mathematics and the head of the department in the
or
major field.

Middle Eastern Studies Minor

This interdisciplinary minor can be declared through the Department of History. It is
Optional Courses
designed to give cadets a broad introduction from different disciplinary perspectives to
(minimum of 15 credits, but no more than six credits from AR designated course):
the history and culture of one of the most important regions of the world. Study abroad
HI 312—Introduction to the History of Islam Credit Hours: 3
is strongly encouraged, as is Arabic language study. AR 481 is listed as an eligible course
HI 333—History of the Middle East I Credit Hours: 3
to apply to the minor. Other appropriate study abroad courses may be included in the
HI 334—History of the Middle East II Credit Hours: 3
minor with prior approval.
HI 460W—Capstone Experience Credit Hours: 3
when the topic pertains to Middle Eastern history.
Requirements for the Minor in Middle Eastern Studies IS 421X—The Politics of Terrorism Credit Hours: 3
This minor requires a minimum of 18 hours beyond the Institute Core Curriculum
AR 314—Arabic Civilizations and Cultures Credit Hours: 3
courses in World History (HI 103 and HI 104).
AR 315—Arabic for the Media Credit Hours: 3
AR 408—Arabic Literature of the 19th Century Credit Hours: 3
Required Courses (3 hours): AR 409—Arabic Literature of the 20th Century Credit Hours: 3
In addition to HI 103 and HI 104, one of the following must be taken:
AR 418—Arabic for Business Credit Hours: 3
ERH 211—Comparative Religion Credit Hours: 3
AR 420—Arabic Poetry Credit Hours: 3
HI 312—Introduction to the History of Islam Credit Hours: 3
Or other suitable topical courses as approved.
AR 481—Survey of Moroccan Culture and Society Credit Hours: 3

Military History Minor

This minor or concentration can be declared through the Department of: History This option is available to history majors as a concentration in military history. They
A minor in Military History is available to cadets majoring in other curricula. The re- must complete twelve hours of military history electives. Cadets must also meet all
quirement for the military history minor are HI 103, HI 104, HI 205 or HI 205W and HI 206 other requirements such as regional distributions.
all with a grade of C or better, and twelve additional hours of military history electives
to total twenty four hours of history.

Modern Languages Minor—Arabic, French, German, Spanish, Etc.

This minor can be declared through the Department of: Modern Languages be taken at the 400-level. If a cadet qualifies for a minor in more than one language, he
and Cultures or she will be awarded a minor in each language.
A cadet who wishes to earn a minor in Modern Languages must complete a “Minor Every cadet who minors in Modern Languages is strongly urged to study in a country
Declaration Form” for each language in which he or she wishes to earn a minor. where his or her foreign language is the principal tongue. Courses taken elsewhere and
A cadet may earn a minor in Modern Languages by successfully completing the requests for alternate configurations of a minor must be approved in advance by the
equivalent of 24 credit hours of the chosen language, beginning at the 100-level (6 head of the Department of Modern Languages. Institute regulations require a cadet to
hours), continuing through the 200-level (6 hours) to the 300-level. A maximum of nine maintain a C average (2.00 GPA) in all minor courses.
hours may be taken from among the 300-level courses and a minimum of 3 hours must

National Security Minor

This minor can be declared through the Department of: International Studies and ›› Careers in the military or civilian sectors related to matters of national security
Political Science such as intelligence, diplomacy, area studies, and international relations.
Cadets can embark on a twenty-one credit-hour curriculum leading to a National The Minor allows cadets to concentrate on a particular aspect of national security
Security Minor (NSM). and strategic studies. Concentrations may include energy, economic health of the US,
This minor is especially valuable for academically ambitious cadets who intend education, state of the environment, as well as more traditional aspects of defense
to pursue: policy, diplomacy, international relations, and foreign area studies.
›› Graduate study in the fields of international security, foreign policy, or strate- The Minor is limited to 10 cadets per class. Applicants must be in their third class
gic studies. year and have an overall 3.0 or better GPA. Selection is based on grades, defined inter-
ests, a writing sample, and recommendations of faculty members.

74
NSM participants have access to special trips which in the past have included: The
National Security Council, the Department of Defense and other “3-letter” national
2. Category I:
security agencies, and influential think tanks in Washington, D.C. They are expected Three IS elective credit hours that may include the following courses, or another
to take part in at least one national or international competition involving prestigious course that is more relevant to the cadet’s national security interests.
institutions in national security studies. IS 322—Intelligence and Policy Credit Hours: 3
While the minor’s focus is on national security, it is open to cadets from IS 328—Multinational Peacekeeping Credit Hours: 3
all departments. IS 329—Counterinsurgency Credit Hours: 3
The course work for the NSM consists of three predetermined courses, an additional IS 334X—Politics of Central Asia Credit Hours: 3
elective four courses, and a paid summer internship related to national security. IS 352—International Law Credit Hours: 3
Most importantly, the NSM requires a supervised senior thesis. The thesis is substan- IS 421X—The Politics of Terrorism Credit Hours: 3
tial research paper conducted under the supervision of a faculty member with famil- IS 424WX—Regional Politics and Powers Credit Hours: 3
iarity in the subject matter. The thesis is expected to be 12,000-14,000 words (including IS 443—The Morality of War Credit Hours: 3
footnotes) in length. The thesis will answer a question relating to national security
through rigorous analysis employing discipline-specific methodologies. 3. Category II:
In some cases, the paper can serve as a departmental or Institute honors thesis but
Nine elective credit hours from departments other than International Studies to
additional academic credit cannot be earned for the paper beyond the 3 hours granted
include History, Psychology, Economics, Engineering, Math, and the sciences.
by the National Security Minor.
In consultation with their adviser and director of the minor, NSM cadets are
To apply or for information, contact: LTC Spencer Bakich: [email protected]
encouraged to find courses that inform their thesis research. NSM cadets must request
National Security Minor Academic Requirements
permission to have these courses meet the class hour requirements for Category I and
Category II.
A: Course work at VMI:
Total 21 credit hours (3 required courses and 4 electives)
B. NSM Thesis (3 credits):
The Senior Project Experience will produce a substantial research paper, conduct-
1. Nine predetermined credit hours: ed under the supervision of a faculty member with familiarity in the subject matter.
IS 320—National Security Policy Credit Hours: 3 The paper is expected to be 12,000-14,000 words (including footnotes) in length and
IS 460W—Research Design for Political Science Credit Hours: 3 through rigorous analysis answer a question relating to national security.
IS 485—National Security Minor Capstone Credit Hours: 3

Philosophy Minor
This minor can be declared through the department of English, Rhetoric, and Four courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level:
Humanistic Studies. ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3
This Minor in Philosophy will develop cadets’ skills in analytical reasoning, critical ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
thinking, argumentation, and textual analysis. Application of these skills is essential ERH 213—Modern and Contemporary Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
for the citizen-soldier, for each sharpens the cadet’s ability to evaluate and reason, ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3
learn from others, and communicate. Cadets will explore the works of great philoso- or
phers from Plato and Aristotle to Nietzsche and Wittgenstein, and review questions in ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3
ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, and the philosophy of mind. Cadets will practice ERH 240—Poverty and Human Capability Credit Hours: 3
formulating arguments in written works and test their ability to analyze and synthesize ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature Credit Hours: 3
knowledge in oral discussions. ERH 331—Aesthetics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 332—Logic and Critical Thinking Credit Hours: 3
Two of the following are required: Note:
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3 When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 421—One Text and
ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy Credit Hours: 3 ERH 422—Major Figures. A notation will be included on the course schedule so that
ERH 213—Modern and Contemporary Philosophy Credit Hours: 3 cadets are aware of this possibility.

Physics Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of Physics and Astronomy
2. Modern Physics
A minor in physics is offered to cadets who desire to complement their major area
PY 335—Modern Physics I Credit Hours: 3
of study with additional work in the field of physics. The requirements that must be
satisfied are as follows:
3. Additional Hours (6 minimum)
Those courses must be selected from the following:
1. General Physics Sequence AT 306—Introductory Astrophysics Credit Hours: 3
PY 160—General Physics I Credit Hours: 3
PY 223—Programming and Data Analysis Credit Hours: 2
PY 161—General Physics II Credit Hours: 3
PY 253W—Optics Laboratory Credit Hours: 1
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I Credit Hours: 1
PY 254—Optics Credit Hours: 3
PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II Credit Hours: 1
PY 262—General Physics III Credit Hours: 3
PY 308—Introduction to Nanotechnology Credit Hours: 3

75
PY 333W—Modern Physics Laboratory Credit Hours: 1 PY 453—Nuclear Reactor Engineering Credit Hours: 3
PY 334—Nuclear Physics Laboratory Credit Hours: 1 PY 257—Electronics and Interfacing Credit Hours: 4
PY 341—Electricity and Magnetism I Credit Hours: 3 PY 459—Introduction to Quantum Mechanics Credit Hours: 3
PY 342—Electricity and Magnetism II Credit Hours: 3 PY 460—Topics in Quantum Mechanics Credit Hours: 3
PY 344—Nuclear Physics Credit Hours: 3 4. A minimum GPA of 2.0 is required in all courses required for the minor.
PY 345—Lasers and Their Applications Credit Hours: 3 Note:
PY 336—Modern Physics II Credit Hours: 3 A cadet who wishes to apply for the physics minor must do so prior to the spring se-
PY 441—Classical Mechanics I Credit Hours: 3 mester of the Second Class (junior) year. Contact the head of the Department of Physics
PY 446—Thermal Physics Credit Hours: 3 and Astronomy for details.

Psychology Minor
This minor can be declared through the Department of Psychology. PS 315—Theories of Personality Credit Hours: 3
To qualify for a minor in psychology, a minimum of 18 hours in psychology with a
grade of C or better in each course must be completed. One Elective from Core C (3 hours)
PS 307—Developmental Psychology Credit Hours: 3
Required Course (3 hours) PS 309—Fundamentals of Biopsychology (formerly PS 203—Biopsychology I) Credit
PS 201—Introduction to Psychology Credit Hours: 3 Hours: 3
PS 314—Physiology and Behavior (formerly PS 204—Biopsychology II) Credit Hours: 3
One Elective from Core A (3 hours)
PS 301—Psychology of Learning Credit Hours: 3 Two Courses from Core D (6 hours)
PS 401—Psychology of Cognition Credit Hours: 3 6 hours of any additional PS courses, including those listed in Cores A, B, or C
PS 404—History and Systems in Psychology Credit Hours: 3 excluding PS 344.
Note
One Elective from Core B (3 hours) Upon electing to minor in psychology, approval must be obtained from the major
PS 302—Social Psychology Credit Hours: 3 curriculum head and the head of the Department of Psychology.
PS 305—Abnormal Psychology Credit Hours: 3

Rhetoric and Writing Minor

This minor can be declared through the department of English, Rhetoric, and Note:
Humanistic Studies. When appropriate, other courses may be substituted, e.g., ERH 421—One Text, ERH
Cadets who minor in Rhetoric and Writing will examine the philosophical and 422—Major Figures, and ERH 495-496 Honors Thesis I & II. A notation will be included
ethical foundations of rhetoric while developing and practicing the skills necessary on the course schedule so that cadets are aware of this possibility. In addition, one
for effective communication in public, professional, and private spheres. They learn to Writing Intensive (W) course may be substituted for one Rhetoric/Writing elective.
analyze rhetorically complex acts of communication (texts, speeches, images, gestures)
by taking into consideration socio-political, historical, and cultural contexts in order to
better understand human motives and enhance cooperation through the effective use
of language.

Required:
ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I Credit Hours: 3
ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II Credit Hours: 3
Four courses, at least one which is at the 300- or 400-level:
ERH 207—Ethics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy Credit Hours: 3
ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 222—Genre Studies—Poetry Credit Hours: 3
ERH 223—Genre Studies—Fiction Credit Hours: 3
ERH 224—Genre Studies—Nonfiction Credit Hours: 3
ERH 230—Artistic Responses to Social and Political Issues Credit Hours: 3
ERH 250—Teaching Writing Credit Hours: 3
ERH 301—Rhetoric and Public Address Credit Hours: 3
ERH 302—Civic Discourse Credit Hours: 3
ERH 303—Cultural Rhetorics Credit Hours: 3
ERH 304—Language and Style Credit Hours: 3
ERH 311-313—Professional Writing (Discipline/Field Specific) Credit Hours: 3
ERH 314—Technical Communication Credit Hours: 3
ERH 411—Fieldwork Credit Hours: 3
ERH 470-479—Seminar in Rhetoric and Writing Credit Hours: 3

76
Special Programs
VMI offers a number of exciting special programs that enhance the primary aca-
Summer Session
demic experiences provided in our majors and minors, demonstrating the Institute’s
The VMI Summer Session facilitates cadet progression toward degree completion by
full commitment to educating the whole man and woman. For more information
offering courses for academic credit during the summer, consistent with the Academic
about these and other special programs, please visit our website: http://www.vmi.edu/
Program Mission. The program is designed to enhance cadet retention, to optimize
specacadprog.
graduation rates, to provide opportunities for cadets to enrich their education, and
to enable cadets to attend the Summer Session and also attend ROTC summer camps,
Institute Honors Program engage in internships, and earn income. It provides the opportunity for cadets to meet
The Institute Honors Program was developed to enrich the academic experience of
curricular, scholarship, athletic, or readmission standards, by enabling them to earn
VMI’s outstanding cadets through activities that encourage an affinity for intellectual
credit for subjects in which they stand deficient or by receiving credit for courses in ad-
inquiry and develop the capacity for sophisticated engagement of issues and problems,
vance of their class. Summer study allows cadets to broaden their education by earning
whether ethical, civic, or professional. In all of its elements, the program stresses peer
a double major or minor and facilitates transfer from one curriculum to another. In ad-
leadership, strong oral and written communication skills, and the highest standards of
dition to traditional course offerings the Summer Session also administers the Summer
academic integrity and excellence. The Institute Honors Program recognizes a broader
Undergraduate Research Institute, the Summer Study Abroad Program, and the Summer
range of achievement than honors earned in a particular major. Attainment of Institute
Transition Program. VMI cadets, graduates of accredited secondary schools, and
Honors is viewed as the highest academic achievement at VMI. The program is open
students in good standing at other colleges may attend. High school students who have
by application to any cadet with a 3.5 or higher GPA. For further information about the
been promoted to the twelfth grade and have the written approval of their principal are
program, see the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, 210 Smith Hall.
also eligible to attend. For details about scheduling and other admission requirements,
please contact the Director of the Summer Session, 306 Shell Hall.
Institute Writing Program
The Institute Writing Program seeks to equip cadets for both academic success and
VMI Center for Undergraduate Research
participation in the full range of rhetorical occasions they will encounter in their lives
The VMI Center for Undergraduate Research (V-CUR) is both a program and a
as citizens and professionals. The program links three important components of the
centralized office with the mission of promoting and facilitating faculty-mentored
VMI curriculum: our rigorous core curriculum sequence in first-year composition (ERH
undergraduate research and fostering the development of a culture of undergraduate
101 and ERH 102); a thriving Writing Across the Curriculum initiative, which requires
research at VMI. VCUR operates on the premise that some of the most enduringly
cadets to complete two additional “writing-intensive” courses prior to graduation; and
meaningful academic experiences of college students come through opportunities
an interdisciplinary minor in writing for those who wish to pursue advanced training in
to be mentored one-on-one by faculty outside the classroom, while also believing in
rhetoric, technical, professional, or creative writing. Cadets’ study in the writing cur-
the merit of research and other inquiry-based experiences within a more traditional
riculum is enhanced by consultants in the VMI Writing Center, who consult individually
classroom setting. V-CUR simultaneously nurtures existing mentoring efforts and co-
with cadets at any stage of a writing project. The program sponsors annual writing
ordinates new institutional support for joint investigative projects by faculty members
contests for cadets, local workshops, a nationally regarded symposium for professors
and cadets. Programs include an annual undergraduate Research Symposium held on
of rhetoric and composition, and several presentations on Post each year featuring
Post; a Summer Undergraduate Research Institute; cadet travel grants to present at
writers in all genres. For more information, see the Institute Director of Writing, 232
professional meetings or conduct research in the field; Wetmore Fund for supplies for
Scott Shipp Hall.
cadet academic year research; and awards to encourage and acknowledge faculty who
engage cadets in undergraduate research experiences. For more information, contact
International Programs the Director Undergraduate Research, 300 Preston Library.
Preparing young men and women for successful service in an increasingly interna-
tional and interdependent world community, by broadening their global perspectives
and increasing their cultural awareness, is an inherent component of the Virginia
Military Institute’s mission of educating citizen-soldiers. The VMI Office of International
Programs strives to provide cadets top-quality opportunities for international educa-
tion and experiences through study abroad, military exchanges, educational travel,
internships, and international academic and cultural events on Post, throughout the
nation and around the world. Additionally, we provide support services to international
cadets, both four-year VMI cadets and military exchange cadets, to include advising on
issues related to visa status, as well as helping international cadets adjust to US and VMI
cultures. For more information, please contact the Office of International Programs in
the Old Hospital, Room 101.

Internship Programs
VMI works actively to assist cadets in any major who seek internship experiences
that will allow them to apply/test career interests and demonstrate their abilities to
prospective employers. Internships are available in all geographic areas of the United
States and internationally as well. Some are eligible for academic credit, and many of
them include stipends for work completed. For more information, contact the Office of
Career Services, 311 Carroll Hall.

77
Courses of Instruction
Course Numbering System. field work per week during a single semester. Thus a course that meets for three class
Each subject is identified by a symbol made up of two parts. The first part is an hours and one laboratory period each week during one semester usually carries credit
abbreviation denoting the general field of study. The second part is a number denoting for four semester hours.
the particular subject. The first digit indicates the year in which the course is usually In the following course descriptions the figures on the title lines indicate, in order,
taken and, therefore, the level of instruction. the class hours per week, the laboratory or field work hours per week, and the semester
hours credit. For example, the figures “3—2—4” mean that the class meets three times
Credit. a week for one-hour classroom sessions and has two hours of laboratory, supervised
The unit of academic credit used at the Virginia Military Institute is the semester research, or field work each week, and that the course carries four semester hours
hour. In general a semester hour represents one hour of classroom work (lecture or of credit.
recitation) or one period (two or three hours) of laboratory or supervised research or

Aerospace Studies
Department of Aerospace Studies
Department Head: Col. Biggs

Curriculum is delivered in accordance with applicable service regulation follows the AS-200 year. Prerequisite(s): Must meet AFROTC membership requirements and be
and instruction. seeking a commission. Corequisite(s): AS 213

AS 103—Heritage and Values of the United States Air AS 204—Team and Leadership Fundamentals II
Force I Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1 AS-204 is part II of a survey course offered during the spring semester, and is designed to ex-
pand on the fundamental understanding of both leadership and team building covered during
AS-103 is part I of a survey course offered during the fall semester and is designed to
the spring semester. Students will continue to utilize and improve his/her verbal and written
introduce students to the Air Force and its various opportunities. Additionally, the course
communication skills and demonstrate capabilities and requirements of leadership that will be
examines and evaluates the various traits of effective leaders in and outside of the Air Force.
evaluated at Field Training, which follows the AS-200 year. Prerequisite(s): Must meet AFROTC
Prerequisite(s): Must meet AFROTC membership requirements and be seeking a commission.
membership requirements and be seeking a commission. Corequisite(s): AS 214
Corequisite(s): AS 113

AS 104—Heritage and Values of the United States Air AS 213—Leadership Lab for AS 203
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
Force II
This mandatory, fall semester leadership lab allows cadets to practice and demonstrate
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1
mastery of the leadership skills essential to an Air Force officer.
AS-104 is part II of a survey course offered during the spring semester that introduces
students to the Air Force and its various opportunities. Additionally, the course examines and AS 214—Leadership Lab for AS 204
evaluates the various traits of effective leaders in and outside of the Air Force. Corequisite(s): Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
AS 114
This mandatory, fall semester leadership lab allows cadets to practice and demonstrate
mastery of the leadership skills essential to an Air Force officer.
AS 113—Leadership Lab for AS 103
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
AS 303—Leading People and Effective Communication I
This mandatory, fall semester leadership lab allows cadets to practice and demonstrate Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2
mastery of the leadership skills essential to an Air Force officer.
This course designed to build on the leadership fundamentals taught in AS200, and is
offered during the fall. Cadets will utilize their skills as they assume leadership roles in the de-
AS 114—Leadership Lab for AS 104 tachment. The goal is for cadets to have a more in-depth understanding of how to effectively
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
lead people, and provide them with the tools to use throughout their detachment leadership
This mandatory, spring semester leadership lab allows cadets to practice and demonstrate positions. Secondly, cadets will hone their writing and briefing skills. The course continues into
mastery of the leadership skills essential to an Air Force officer. advanced skills and ethics training that will prepare them for becoming an officer and a super-
visor. Corequisite(s): AS 313 for seeking/commissioing cadets or LS 350 for non-commissioing
AS 203—Team and Leadership Fundamentals I cadets. Failure to take LS 350 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the ROTC course.
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

AS-203 is part I of a survey course offered during the fall semester that provides a funda-
AS 304—Leading People and Effective Communication II
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2
mental understanding of both leadership and team building. The course is a vehicle for stu-
dents to become well-rounded Air Force officers through the demonstration of verbal/written This course designed to build on the leadership fundamentals taught in AS200, and is
communication skills and hands on application that students will apply at Field Training, which offered during the spring. Cadets will utilize their skills as they begin more of a leadership role

78
in the detachment. The goal is for cadets to have a more in-depth understanding of how to responsibility, authority, and functions of an Air Force commander and selected provisions of
effectively lead people, and provide them with the tools to use throughout their detachment the military justice system. Corequisite(s): AS 413 for seeking/commissioning cadets or LS 350
leadership positions. Secondly, cadets will hone their writing and briefing skills. The course for non-commissioning cadets. Failure to take LS 350 with ROTC course will result in a grade of
continues into advanced skills and ethics training that will prepare them for becoming an F in the course.
officer and a supervisor. Corequisite(s): AS 314 for seeking/comissioning cadets or LS 351 for
non-commissioning cadets. Failure to take LS 351 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in AS 404—National Security, Leadership Responsibilities
ROTC course. and Commissioning Preparation II
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2
AS 313—Leadership Lab for AS 303
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0 The final semester of the AS400 year is designed to prepare cadets for life as a second
lieutenant. It covers the officer and enlisted evaluation systems, pay and benefits, career
AS-313 AFROTC Leadership Lab for seeking/commissioning cadets or LS-350 for non-com-
progression, and the commissioning oath. Corequisite(s): AS 414 for seeking/commissioning
missioning cadets. Failure to take LS-350 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the
cadets or LS 451 for non-commissioning cadets. Failure to take LS 451 with ROTC course will
ROTC course.
result in a grade of F in the ROTC course.

AS 314—Leadership Lab for AS 304 AS 413—Leadership Lab for AS 403

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
AS-314 AFROTC Leadership Lab for seeking/commissioning cadets or LS-351 for non-com-
AS-413 AFROTC Leadership Lab for seeking/commissioning cadets or LS-450 for non-com-
missioning cadets. Failure to take LS-351 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the
missioning cadets. Failure to take LS-450 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the
ROTC course.
ROTC course.

AS 403—National Security, Leadership Responsibilities AS 414—Leadership Lab for AS 404

and Commissioning Preparation I Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2
AS-414 AFROTC Leadership Lab for seeking/commissioning cadets or LS-351 for non-com-
This course exposes cadets to basic elements of national security policy, air and space missioning cadets. Failure to take LS-351 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the
power operations, and the role of the military in society. It also discusses current domestic and ROTC course.
international issues affecting the military profession. Cadets will develop understanding of the

Applied Mathematics
Department of Applied Mathematics
Department Head: Col. Siemers

Requirements for a major in applied mathematics are specified in

Applied Mathematics.
MA 105—Introduction to Probability and Statistics I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Note: All cadets must have at least six hours of mathematics. MA 114 does not fulfill a
mathematics requirement and cannot be used as elective credit. A study of problem solving skills, counting principles, finite probability theory, descriptive
statistics and the binomial and normal distributions. Computer/calculator applications will be
MA 101—Math that Matters I chosen to enhance understanding of the topics.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

In MA-101, cadets will learn mathematical concepts from statistics, including data analysis,
MA 106—Introduction to Probability and Statistics II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
regression, probability, sampling, statistical significance, and hypothesis testing.
A continuation of MA 105. Topics include random variables, correlation, regression, con-
MA 102—Math that Matters II fidence intervals, and hypothesis testing. Computer/calculator applications will be chosen to
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 enhance understanding of the topics. Prerequisite(s): MA 105.

In MA-102, cadets will learn mathematical concepts of mathematical modeling and basic
calculus, including rates of change and area calculation. In MA-102, cadets will also work in
MA 110—Mathematical Software
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
pairs to create a poster that will be presented. Prerequisite(s): MA 101
Introduction to the use of mathematical software packages Matlab and Mathcad in applied
MA 103—Matrix Algebra mathematics, engineering and physics.
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2

Introduction to matrices. Matrix determinant and inverse. Elementary transformations and

MA 114—Pre-Calculus Mathematics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
systems of linear equations: existence and uniqueness of solution, Cramer’s Rule, Gaussian
elimination with back-substitution. Introduction to linear transformations: eigenvalues and Equations and inequalities; functions and their graphs; polynomial and rational functions;
eigenvectors, matrix trace. exponential and logarithmic functions; trigonometric functions. Required only for those cadets
who plan to take MA 123. Beginning with the Class of 2014, this course is only offered on a pass/

79
fail basis and cannot be used towards program requirements. Note: All cadets must have at
least six hours of mathematics. MA 114 does not fulfill a mathematics requirement and cannot
MA 304—Advanced Calculus II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
be used as elective credit.
Implicit-function theorems; Jacobians; vector and scalar point functions; gradient; diver-
MA 123—Calculus & Analytic Geometry I gence; line, surface and volume integrals. Prerequisite(s): MA 303.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Plane analytic geometry with single variable differential calculus. Limits, derivatives,
MA 305—Elementary Linear Algebra
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
applications of derivatives, and derivatives of transcendental functions and basic integration
formulas. Prerequisite(s): Placement Test or Pass Grade in MA 114. Vectors; matrices; determinants; systems of linear equations; linear transformations. A
study of the theoretical and computational aspects pertaining to matrices and vector spaces,
MA 124—Calculus & Analytic Geometry II including: systems of linear equations, Gaussian elimination, LU decomposition, determinants,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 eigenvalues and eigenvectors, linear independence, span, bases, linear transformations, inner
product spaces and least square approximation. Computer software packages will be intro-
A continuation of MA 123. Integration and its applications, methods of integration,
duced and utilized as part of the course. Prerequisite(s): MA 103 or permission of the instructor.
L’Hopital’s Rule, improper integrals, infinite sequences and series, Taylor Polynomials.
Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or higher in MA 123.
MA 306—Elementary Number Theory
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
MA 125—Quantitative Methods I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Properties of integers, prime numbers, number theoretic functions, congruencies.
Diophantine equations. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the instructor.
A study of functions, linear and nonlinear models, systems of linear equations, matrices and
applications, and an introduction to the mathematics of finance.
MA 310—Matlab Programming
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
MA 126—Quantitative Methods II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Advanced MATLAB functionality, geometric techniques (Monte Carlo, random walks, and
Levy Flights), and the brute force, nearest neighbor, simulated annealing, and genetic algo-
A study of the basic concepts of differentiation and integration to include partial derivatives
rithms applied to the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The course concludes with the devel-
and the Method of Lagrange emphasizing the techniques and applications relevant to business
opment of a TSP graphical user interface (GUI) that integrates these algorithms. Prerequisite(s):
and economics. Prerequisite(s): C or better in MA 125.
MA 110, ME 203, or PY 223.

MA 215—Calculus With Analytic Geometry III MA 311—Elementary Differential Equations

Lecture Hours: 4 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 4
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A continuation of MA 124; Conic sections, parametric equations, polar coordinates, vectors,
Ordinary differential equations; applications; Laplace transforms; Systems of ODEs.
vector-valued functions, partial derivatives, improper and multiple integrals. Prerequisite(s): A
Prerequisite(s): MA 124.
grade of C or higher in MA 124.

MA 220—Probability & Statistics for Engineers MA 319—Mathematical Methods of Operations Research

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
& Scientists
Mathematical modeling, linear programming, allocation models, network models, schedul-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ing models. Prerequisite(s): MA 103 and MA 124.
This is a calculus-based treatment of probability and statistics designed for scientists and
engineers. Topics would include: classification of data by graphical and numerical methods; MA 320—Mathematical Modeling
intro to probability to include definitions and theorems; discrete random variables including Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
binomial and Poisson distributions, expectation and variance calculations; continuous random
This course considers a variety of mathematical models in the physical, life, and social
variables to include uniform, exponential, normal, Weibull, Gamma, and Chi-squared distribu-
sciences. In addition to analyzing models, a major component of the course is using compu-
tions; hypothesis testing and least-squares linear regression. Prerequisite(s): MA 124.
tational tools to construct mathematical models and test their validity against empirical data.
Prerequisite(s): MA 110 and MA 311
MA 301—Higher Mathematics for Engineers
and Scientists MA 326—Probability and Statistics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Vector analysis, infinite series convergence, Taylor and Maclaurin Series, Fourier Series and Simple, discrete, and continuous probability distributions. Sampling from probability distri-
series solutions to differential equations. Prerequisite(s): MA 215 and MA 311. butions and finite populations. Prerequisite(s): MA 215

MA 303—Advanced Calculus I MA 330WX—History of Mathematics

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A rigorous treatment of the following topics: limits, continuity, derivatives of real valued This is a topics course in the history of mathematics beginning with the ancients. This is
functions of a single real variable, Rolle’s Theorem and the mean value theorem, L’Hopital’s a guided tour of the most important aspects from the beginnings of recorded mathematical
rule, sequences and series. Prerequisite(s): MA 124. activity through the development of calculus. Topics beyond the development of the calculus
will be covered as time permits. Coverage includes the motives, influences, and methods

80
affecting the development of algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and calculus in Mesopotamian,
Egyptian, Greek, Islamic, Indian, and European civilizations. Prerequisite(s): MA 123 or permis-
MA 407—Complex Variables
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
sion of instructor. Preference is given to AM Majors and Minors. Note: Writing Intensive (W) and
Civilizations & Cultures Course (X). Properties of complex numbers; analytic functions; power series, residues and poles;
Laurent series. Prerequisite(s): MA 215
MA 331X—History of Mathematics II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 MA 415—Chaos and Nonlinear Dynamics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
In this course, we consider the works and lives of mathematicians in Europe and the United
States. We focus on major developments during the time frame from the development of the Introduction to the mathematics of nonlinear dynamics of 1-dimesional and 2-dimesional
calculus in the late 1600s to the present day. We study mathematical contributions to fields models including: Fixed points, Linearization, Stability, Bifurcations (Saddle Node, Transcritical,
such as geometry, number theory, and calculus as well as to physics and engineering and how Pitchfork and Hopf), Limit Cycles, Hysteresis, Strange Attractors, Liapunov Exponents and
each culture has supported mathematical discovery. Prerequisite(s): MA 124 Note: Civilizations Fractals. Prerequisite(s): MA 311
& Cultures Course (X).
MA 419—Intro to Non-Linear Optimization
MA 341—Fractals Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1
This course is a continuation of MA-319 to include a review of linear programming using the
Introduction to the mathematics of fractals with a focus on contractive affine maps, L-box Simplex algorithm & LINDO software; review of multivariable calculus topics; and a survey of
transformations, 8 fractal dimensions, Julia sets and Mandelbrot sets. Prerequisite(s): MA 103 various techniques for optimizing functions that are not in the realm of linear programming.
and one of MA 110/PY 223/ME 203 The Kuhn-Tucker conditions are optimality are discovered. Techniques including branch &
bound for integer programming and search methods for quadratic programming and other
MA 342—Introduction to Mathematica non-linear problems are covered. Prerequisite(s): MA 319 and MA 215
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

An introduction to the computer algebra system Mathematica. Emphasis will be placed on

MA 426—Intro to Stochastic Process
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
symbolic computation, equation solving and graphics. The implementation of basic program-
ming structures (such as Booleans and loops) in the Wolfram programming language will also This course introduces the student to stochastic models, discrete—and continuous-time
be discussed. stochastic processes, point and counting processes, Poisson counting processes, compound
Poisson processes, non-stationary Poisson processes and Markov chains. Prerequisite(s):
MA 343—Introduction to LaTeX MA 326
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

An introduction to the typesetting system LaTeX with an emphasis on producing technical

MA 432—Numerical Analysis
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
documents that include mathematical equations.
Numerical interpolation; error analysis; numerical solution of ordinary and partial differen-
MA 345—STK for Defense Applications tial equations and simultaneous linear equations. Recommended for cadets contemplating a
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1 career in computing. Prerequisite(s): MA 215, MA 311, and one of the following: MA 110, ME 203,
or PY 223
Systems Tool Kit (STK) is the premier software packaged used by the Department of Defense
and NASA to perform system analysis and visualization for aerospace and defense mission-level
applications. In this one-credit course, cadets will have the opportunity to explore the broad
MA 433—Numerical Solutions of Differential Equations
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
range of capabilities of this software package, such as optimizing satellite constellations for a
particular geocentric mission, estimating fuel consumption of a fighter jet as it tears through Introduction to MATLAB. Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations: Taylor
the sky at an air show, or analyzing the relative performance of different missile defense series, Euler and Modified Euler, Runge-Kutta. Multi-step methods, Milne’s method, Adams—
architectures against a suite of threat missiles. In-class time will be allocated to for cadets Moulton method. Convergence criteria and comparison of methods. Numerical methods for
to work towards earning Level I STK Certification and completing the training for the Level II partial differential equations. Convergence, stability and consistency. Prerequisite(s): MA 311 or
certification. Prerequisite(s): MA 215 with a minimum grade of C consent of instructor.

MA 401—Modern Algebra MA 451-459—Independent Study

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 1-3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1-3

Basic algebraic properties of groups, rings and fields. Selected areas such as topology, geometry, algebra, real analysis. Recommended for cadets
contemplating doctoral programs in mathematics. Prerequisite(s): consent of department head.
MA 405—Statistics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 MA 471-479—Topics in Mathematics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A continuation of MA 326; probability distributions, estimation, hypothesis testing, regres-
sion analysis and techniques of experimental design. Prerequisite(s): MA 326. Selected Topics in Mathematics Such As Graph theory, Topology, Dynamic Systems, Partial
Differential Equations, Spline Approximation and Operator theory. Prerequisite(s): Permission
of Department Head.

81
MA 490W—Research Practicum in Applied Mathematics MA 495—Advanced Research Projects in
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Applied Mathematics
Mathematics coursework. Prerequisite(s): 28 credit hours in Math coursework or First Class Lecture Hours: 1-3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1-3
Standing. Writing Intensive (W)
Taken for one credit, this course is intended to guide cadets through the Mathematics
Competition in Modeling (MCM) contest. Taken for three credits, this course includes the MCM
preparation and the extension to further research projects already established within MA 490W
or other instructor-approved research projects. Prerequisite(s): MA 490W

Arabic
Department of Modern Languages and Cultures
Department Head: Col. Sunnen

All cadets who enter with two or more entrance units in a modern foreign language
are given placement tests and are placed in appropriate courses on the basis of the
AR 301W—Arabic Composition and Conversation I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
test results combined with their previous high school language coursework, and after
consultation with the department head of modern languages. Designed to improve students’ spoken and written command of Arabic. Discussions, oral
A single year of a foreign language shall count toward meeting graduation require- reports, and writing assignments include topics in Arabic civilizations and cultural history.
ments only when the cadet is studying a second language or is taking a language as Conducted mainly in Arabic. Prerequisite(s): AR 202 Writing Intensive (W)
an elective.
Cadets must demonstrate proficiency in ML 101 in order to be admitted into ML 102. AR 302W—Arabic Composition and Conversation II
They must, similarly, demonstrate proficiency in ML 102 before enrolling in ML 201, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and in ML 201 before enrolling in ML 202/204. Proficiency in ML 202/204 is a prerequi-
A continuation of AR 301W. Prerequisite(s): AR 301W. Writing Intensive (W)
site for admission to 300-level courses. Completion of two 300-level courses or their
equivalent is expected before enrollment in any 400—level course. Once a cadet has
completed work at the 202/204 level, he/she may not return to the elementary level
AR 314—Arabic Civilizations and Cultures
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
course for credit.
Cadets who present four years of a high school language or demonstrate native or A survey of the history, literature, educational systems and values of the Arab Word. The
near-native language abilities may not enroll at the elementary level of that language. course will be based on readings from contemporary sources: Short stories, magazines, news-
Such students will have the choice of enrolling either in the first semester intermediate papers, literary works and legal documents. The course is designed to build on the reading
level of that language or in the first semester elementary course of a different language. and writing skills of AR 301W and AR 302W. It is also intended to enhance cadets’ cultural aware-
ness of contemporary issues, which affect the Arabic speaking world and the United States.
AR 101—Elementary Arabic I Prerequisite(s): AR 301W, AR 302W.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to the fundamentals of Arabic. Primary emphasis on the acquisition of basic

AR 315—Arabic for the Media
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
language skills (comprehending, speaking, reading, and writing) within the context of culture
and civilizations. Secondary emphasis on the cultures where Arabic is spoken. Intended for Emphasizes written and aural comprehension of Arabic media (newspapers, journals, radio
beginners with no previous experience in the language. and television, news broadcasts, and documentaries). The goal is to introduce and consolidate
lexical items which commonly occur in the media and in economic and scientific texts. The
AR 102—Elementary Arabic II principal language of instruction is Arabic. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300’s.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A continuation of AR 101. Prerequisite(s): AR 101.

AR 316—Topics in Arabic
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

AR 201—Intermediate Arabic I Information and discussion of diverse topics from the Arabic-speaking world. The principal
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 language of instruction is Arabic. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300’s.

A continuation and systematic review of structural principles and an introduction to the

reading and discussion of cultural materials and texts with the aim of improving the four basic
AR 405—Independent Readings
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
language skills. Conducted as much as possible in Arabic. Prerequisite(s): AR 102.
Directed readings of major literary works. Conducted almost exclusively in Arabic. Note:
AR 202—Intermediate Arabic II Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): Completion of at least 9 hours beyond AR 202 or permission
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 of the instructor and department head.

A continuation of AR 201 with emphasis on writing. This course is intended to consolidate

the basic language skills and to prepare the student for advanced work in Arabic. Conducted as
much as possible in Arabic. Readings based on civilization and culture. Prerequisite(s): AR 201.

82
AR 407—Advanced Arabic Grammar and Syntax AR 481—Survey of Moroccan Culture and Society
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A systematic study of Arabic grammar and syntax. Emphasis also on vocabulary develop- A Moroccan history and civilization course during the VMI summer abroad program in
ment and study of idiomatic expression. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300’s. Morocco. This course is primarily a culture class designed to educate students on Moroccan
history through on-site excursions to historical places of interest with a guided tour. The course
AR 408—Arabic Literature of the 19th Century includes invited guest lectures by Moroccan academics. Topics cover Moroccan society such
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 as the educational system, government relations, religion, Berber history, superstitions, and
gender roles in Morocco among others. This course does not include a foreign language
A study of major movements and writers of the 19th century with special emphasis on
component and cannot be used toward a language requirement.
Romantic poetry and prose. Conducted in Arabic. Emphasis on developing reading and writing
skills. A research paper is required. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300’s.

AR 409—Arabic Literature of the 20th Century

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of major writers and poets of the 20 century with special emphasis on Naguib
th

Mahfouz’s Trilogy. A research paper is required. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300’s.

AR 410—Advanced Arabic
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Aimed at cadet acquisition of proficiency in Modern Standard Arabic. Audiovisual materials

and authentic Arabic Texts will be the main sources of study. Students will be exposed to
and expected to master a wide range of different texts, including excerpts from the Qur’an,
newspaper articles, classical poetry and prose, modern fiction, and essays. Prerequisite(s): Two
AR 300s.

AR 418—Arabic for Business

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to Business Arabic. Includes a review of the grammar and syntax of the
Arabic language. The study of Arabic texts relevant to business and management practices
in different Arab counties will provide cadets with a general cultural background of Arabic
countries. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300’s.

AR 420—Arabic Poetry
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A survey of Arabic poetry from the advent of Islam to the present. Excerpts from the major
works of prominent poets are studied for form and historical significance. Conducted in Arabic.
Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300s.

AR 450—Modern Language Capstone Course

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The student will choose a topic incorporating an analysis of historical, literary or cultural
factors in the major language area—field experience and interdisciplinary topics are strongly
encouraged. Upon approval of the faculty adviser, the student will prepare both a research
paper and a 20-minute oral presentation. This course is only open to first and second class
Modern Language majors or minors. The ML Capstone project will be written in the student’s
major foreign language, as appropriate, and it will achieve a language rating of “Advanced—
High”. All relevant documentation will adhere to MLA specifications. An accepted ML Honors
Thesis could substitute for this course.

AR 470—Special Topics in Arabic

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An advanced topics course that will vary to reflect cadet and professorial interest. This
course fosters a close reading of text and discussion of diverse topics from the Arab world to
reinforce advanced language and cultural knowledge. Prerequisite(s): Two AR 300s.

83
Astronomy
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Department Head: Col. Hodges

Requirements for a major in physics are specified in Physics and Astronomy.

AT 301—Observational Techniques
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 4
AT 170—The Universe
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Designed to provide a survey of astronomical tools and techniques used to obtain and
understand astronomical data. Emphasis placed on photoelectric photometry to measure
A one semester introductory general astronomy course for non-science majors. Topics
brightnesses and colors of variable stars. Other topics will include astronomical photography,
covered include observations of the night sky, the solar system and its contents, the sun and
spectroscopy, positional astronomy, and electronics for astronomy. Assignments will include
the nature of stars, stellar evolution, galaxies and cosmology. Prerequisite(s): none
some use of the computer, and the observatory’s 20-inch reflecting telescope will be used
with various instruments. (Offered first semester only.) Note: Satisfies core curriculum science
AT 201—Introductory Astronomy I requirement. Prerequisite(s): AT 201 or permission of the instructor. When Offered: Offered
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
every other year in fall.
An introductory course covering topics in modern astronomy. Topics include spherical as-
tronomy, observational instruments, photometric concepts and radiation, celestial mechanics, AT 306—Introductory Astrophysics
and the solar system. Prerequisite(s): MA 124 or permission of the instructor. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Beginning with a review of basic astronomical concepts and data, this course examines the
AT 202—Introductory Astronomy II physics of celestial objects. Topics include stellar atmospheres and interiors, star forma-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
tion and evolution, pulsating stars, white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes, the interstellar
A continuation of AT 201. Topics include stellar spectra, binary stars, stellar structure, medium, and structure of our galaxy. Note: Satisfies core curriculum science requirement.
the Sun, stellar evolution, variable and compact stars, the interstellar medium, galaxies, and Prerequisite(s): PY 161 and AT 201 or permission of the instructor. When Offered: Offered every
cosmology. Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or higher in AT 201 and MA 124 or permission of other year in spring.
the instructor.
AT 308—Cosmology
AT 250—Astrobiology Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A one semester introduction to modern cosmology. Topics include basic fundamental
A one semester course covering the evolution of stars and planets, protoplanetary environ- observations of a changing and expanding universe, mathematics describing the expanding
ments, and habitable zones around stars. The course will also focus on potentially habitable universe, dark matter, dark energy, the Cosmic Microwave Background, inflation, nucleosyn-
regions in the solar system, characteristics of extrasolar planets, the search for microbial and thesis, and structure formation. Prerequisite(s): MA 124
intelligent life elsewhere in the Universe, and the origin and evolution of life on Earth.

Biology
Department of Biology
Department Head: Col. Bell

Requirements for major in biology are specified in Biology.

BI 102—General Biology II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
BI 101—General Biology I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4 This course is a continuation of BI 101. Lecture material will be derived from the concepts
presented in the text. BI 102 will focus upon evolutionary principles including selection, spe-
Lecture material will be derived from the concepts presented in the text. BI 101 will focus
ciation, phylogeny and homology; ecological principles including population and community
upon basic biochemistry and the structure and function of the principle biomolecules; cell
dynamics, niche theory, competition, trophic levels and symbiosis; and the structure and
structure and function, membrane characteristics and the transport of material across the cell
functioning of specific organ systems. Laboratory topics will complement lecture material as
membrane; cell division including the process of fission, mitosis, and meiosis; the structure
well as include use of the scientific method activities as a means of reinforcing lecture material
of DNA and the process of protein synthesis; basic Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics.
and preparing for an original research project to be conducted at the end of the semester.
Laboratory topics will complement lecture material as well as include use of the scientific
method activities as a means of reinforcing lecture material and preparing for an original
research project to be conducted at the end of BI 102.
BI 111—Fundamentals of Biology I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4

This course is the first of a three-part sequence designed to introduce biology majors to the
varied topics within the field of biology. BI 111 will cover systematics and biodiversity including
cladistics, and the taxonomic groups and phyla survey; evolution including microevolutionary

84
and macroevolutionary theories; ecology to include competition, speciation, community Comparisons between humans and other vertebrate animals will highlight the variety of solu-
structure, ecosystems, and biomes. The laboratories will introduce cladistics, present the tions to nutrient usage across species. Prerequisite(s): BI 101, BI 102 or BI 111, BI 112, BI 113
different phyla, and a semester-long project on ecology.
BI 216—Animal Behavior
BI 112—Fundamentals of Biology II Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
A general introduction to the study of animal behavior. Topics to be covered will include:
This course is the second of a three-part sequence designed to introduce biology majors to development of behavior, neural and hormonal control of behavior, learning, aggression,
the varied topics within the field of biology. BI 112 will focus on organismal biology specifically and migration. Particular emphasis will be placed on the interpretation of behavior and
covering anatomical and physiological systems in plants and animals. The laboratories will research methods. Prerequisite(s): BI 101, BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113, or permission of
include dissection of different specimens as well as a semester-long project on organis- the instructor.
mal physiology.
BI 217—General Botany
BI 113—Fundamentals of Biology III Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
An introduction to the biology of plants. Plant structure and functioning including the
This course is the third of a three-part sequence designed to introduce biology majors to anatomy of tissues, physiology, ecology, systematics and the evolution of non-flowering and
the varied topics within the field of biology. BI 113 will focus on cellular and molecular func- flowering plants will be presented in the course. The course will emphasize vascular plants with
tioning. Specifically, this course will cover transport across cell membranes, cellular respiration additional coverage of algae and fungi. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and
and photosynthesis, DNA structure and functioning of genes, and protein synthesis. The lab- BI 113.
oratories will include experiments to investigate cell functioning, exercises to investigate DNA
structure and modern molecular techniques, and a semester-long project on cell physiology. BI 218X—Biology of Gender
Prerequisite(s): BI 111 and BI 112 or instructor approval. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Biology of Gender is designed to provide a general overview of reproduction methods in

BI 192—Independent Research a variety of living organisms including humans. The course will focus on a number of relevant
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-6 Credit Hours: 2-3
issues including but not restricted to how the body functions and how male and female health
These courses are for rising third classmen pursuing research during the summer. can be affected by social and environmental factors. Topics covered may include anatomy,
Permission of instructor and department head required. development, asexual reproduction, general and reproductive health issues, hormone changes
throughout life, contraception, pregnancy, STDs, men’s and women’s health in developing
BI 193—Independent Research countries and eating disorders, and how humans use biotechnology to manipulate reproduc-
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-6 Credit Hours: 2-3 tion to produce human pharmaceuticals. Prerequisite(s): No prerequisites. Civilizations and
Cultures (X).
These courses are for rising third classmen pursuing research during the summer.
Permission of instructor and department head required.
BI 219—Conservation Biology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
BI 204—Physiology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4 This course is an introduction to the principles and modern practice of Conservation
Biology. Lectures will be focused on examining the biological implementation and conse-
The course involves a systematic study of how animals regulate their internal environ-
quences of conservation, wildlife management, and ecosystem processes. Laboratory activities
ment and respond and adapt to changes in their external environment. Emphasis will be on
will not only explore the primary literature focused on recent developments in biodiversity
mammalian physiology. The laboratory component will stress the assessment of physiologic
studies, but will be focused on the application of population assessment models to biological
phenomena through data collection and analysis. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI
datasets. Select field trips to local restoration and conservation areas will enhance an under-
112, and BI 113.
standing of applying these conservation principles to modern global dilemmas. Prerequisite(s):
BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.
BI 206—Tropical Marine Biology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
BI 222—Environmental Science
This course is an immersive field-oriented experience focused on marine and near-shore Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ecosystems in the Caribbean, open to all majors. We will spend substantial time snorkeling or
This course introduces students to environmental concepts and issues. Topics include eco-
surveying a variety of ecosystems, including coral reefs, sea grass beds, mangrove forests, and
logical communities, land management, forest management, biogeochemical cycles, biodiver-
rock intertidal zones. There will also be opportunity to travel to the mainland of Belize to learn
sity conservation, endangered species, air and water pollution, climate change, nonrenewable
about Mayan culture and history. Students will be required to complete some course work prior
energy, renewable energy, energy conservation, and ecological footprints. Prerequisite(s):
to leaving and after returning from the trip. To enroll in the course, you must first apply through
No prerequisites.
the Office of International Programs. Prerequisite(s): BI 101/BI 102 or BI 111/BI 112; and PE 100 or
PE 101, or instructor permission (based on a demonstrated basic level of swimming ability).
BI 240—Biological Agents in Warfare and Terrorism
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
BI 210—Comparative Animal Nutrition
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 This course will cover the types of biological agents that may be used in warfare or
employed by terrorists. The effects of these bacteria and viruses have on humans, animals,
The course addresses basic concepts of nutrition including, nutrient digestion, absorption,
crop production, and the economy will be discussed. We will begin with a discussion of the use
and transport, energy balance, diet planning, and vitamin and mineral requirements. Particular
of biological weapons throughout history and the current status of weaponized bacteria and
attention will be focused on the role of nutrition in the development of chronic disease.

85
viruses. We will conclude by covering the future of biological as weapons including manipula- discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
tion of current pathogens to maximize their destructive threat. Prerequisite(s): No prerequisites. Pass/Fail credits for this course. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor and department head
required. Writing Intensive Course (W).
BI 245X—Epidemics and Society
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 BI 301—Nematology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course will examine the relationships between devastating disease outbreaks and the
evolution of human societies. Classic epidemics such as the “Black Death” of the Middle Ages Nematodes are the most abundant and diverse animals on the planet. They are found in
and the Irish Potato Famine will be analyzed and also compared to modern challenges such as terrestrial soil everywhere, from rainforests to deserts to the polar regions, and aquatic sedi-
HIV AIDS and Influenza. The course will utilize both text and primary sources to demonstrate ments from freshwater lakes and streams to intertidal and deep sea marine environments. Many
the powerful relationship between invisible microbial pathogens and the development of are parasites of our crops, domestic and wild animals, and even humans. This course aims to
today’s political and religious landscape. Prerequisite(s): No prerequisites. Civilizations and introduce cadets to nematodes and their amazing diversity of forms and lifestyles, but also to
Cultures (X). introduce them to broader topics and fields in biology that can be examined through the lens
of nematodes. These broader topics include model organisms, ecology, evolution and devel-
BI 250—Survey and Analysis of Environmental Issues opment. By the end of the course, students should be able to understand and critically examine
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 current research in nematology and incorporate information and skills from other coursework.
Prerequisite(s): BI 111, BI 112, & BI 113 or instructor permission.
This three-credit course takes a multi-disciplinary approach to explore and analyze the var-
ious aspects of environmental issues and problems being faced today and those we are likely
to face in the future, on the local, national and international levels. The course will explore how
BI 303—Developmental Biology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
historical, socio-economic, political, biological, engineering and technological forces interact
to impact a broad range of issues and potential solutions to the most pressing environmental The normal development of organisms with a comparative description and analysis of the
issues. The course will examine and discuss topics including culture, bio-diversity, species general principles governing growth and development. Laboratory work emphasizes embry-
extinction, eco-systems of the oceans and land, and the human impact on the environment ology of the frog, chick, and pig. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.
including on water, air, land, soils, and climate. Cadets will examine the distribution and inten- When Offered: Developmental Biology is offered on an every other year basis.
sity of natural disasters and conflict over resources, as well as national defense and military
concerns regarding the environment. The course will also explore environmental laws and BI 304—Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
regulations, market approaches and other means to address these issues. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4

This course involves detailed study of the different anatomical systems of the vertebrates.
BI 290/290W—Independent Research Evolutionary relationships among the groups and functional interpretations of anatomy are
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
stressed. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.
These courses are for third classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring
semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Students pursuing the BI 306—Histology
Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
Histology is the study of anatomy at the tissue level. This course will examine the charac-
Pass/Fail credits for this course.
teristics of the four basic tissue types and the structure and organization of organ and organ
systems. The laboratory portion of the course will emphasize the identification of different
BI 291/291W—Independent Research tissue types and organs throughout the body based on tissue composition. This course is highly
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
recommended for those students planning on pursuing a career in medicine. Prerequisite(s): BI
These courses are for third classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring semes- 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113. When Offered: Histology is offered on an every other
ters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Students pursuing the Writing year basis.
Intensive (W) option will produce and annotated bibliography and either an introduction or
discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn BI 307—Vertebrate Biology
Pass/Fail credits for this course. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4

This course explores the evolutionary origins,diversity, and important aspects of the
BI 292/292W—Independent Research behavior and ecology of extant vertebrates, including: fish, amphibians, mammals, reptiles and
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-6 Credit Hours: 2-4
birds. The laboratory portion of the course uses field trips and laboratory exercises to provide
These courses are for rising second classmen pursuing research during the summer. hands-on experiences with vertebrates in their natural habitats, with emphasis on species in
Permission of instructor and department head required. Students pursuing the Writing Virginia. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102 or BI 111, BI 112 and BI 113
Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction or
discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn BI 308—Zoonotic Disease
Pass/Fail credits for this course. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor and department head Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
required. Writing Intensive Course (W).
Zoonotic diseases are those spread between animals and people. Approximately 60% of
all human disease has a zoonotic component and 3 out of 4 emerging infectious diseases has
BI 293/293W—Independent Research an animal reservoir or vector. This course will focus upon basic diseases transmitted between
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-6 Credit Hours: 2-4
humans and animals. Comparison between different classes of pathogens (including viruses,
These courses are for rising second classmen pursuing research during the summer. bacteria, parasites, fungi etc.) relative to mode of infection, pathogenicity, environment, and
Permission of instructor and department head required. Students pursuing the Writing disease symptomology will be the basis for tests and all other coursework. Prerequisite(s): BI
Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction or 111, BI 112, and BI 113 or instructor permission.

86
field. Students will be expected to make visual and auditory identification of local avifauna.
BI 310—Evolutionary Biology Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113; BI 216 highly recommended.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course is an introduction to the principles and processes of evolution, ranging from BI 325—Ecological Biochemistry
population biology to global dynamics. We will explore the wide array of obstacles faced Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
by all creatures, the specifics of and unique scenarios in organismal adaptation, as well as
This course explores biochemical and physiological mechanisms mediating ecological
the drivers behind those specific adaptations. Topics will include the theory of evolution by
interactions between organisms. Topics will include an ecological analysis of predation,
natural selection, patterns of speciation, concepts of fitness and adaptation, the genetic and
competition, and mutualism between plants, microbes, and insects and the underlying carbon
developmental bases of evolution, basics of systematic and phylogeny, macro-evolutionary
metabolism pathways that mediate these interactions. Class lectures prepare students for dis-
patterns, large-scale trends in extinctions, and human evolution. Students will explore primary
cussions of primary literature, and a student-lead original research experiment will introduce
literature in the field and participate in evidence-based group discussions on the biological
students to current biochemical and physiological tools to study ecological biochemistry,
evidence laying the foundation for evolutionary principles. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or
culminating in an original research report. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112,
BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.
and BI 113.

BI 311—Aquatic Ecosystems BI 326—Parasitology

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
This course is focused on the biological, chemical, and physical processes driving the in-
A survey of Eukaryotic parasites (excluding bacteria and viruses) of humans and other
teraction and interdependence of organisms in aquatic and marine communities. Lectures will
animals. Morphology, classification, pathology, and diagnosis of medically important parasites
be focused on the application of basic ecological theory and principles to an aquatic habitat,
will be discussed, as will ecological and evolutionary aspects of parasites in human and
life cycles, and adaptations of organisms important in these systems, and a broad foundation
non-human hosts. Laboratory exercises will include examination of preserved material as well
of current issues related to these communities. Laboratory and field-based activities will cover
as dissection of invertebrate and small vertebrate hosts to collect, examine, and preserve live
important techniques to collect and analyze information, and a deeper and more practical
parasites. A group research project will be conducted to give cadets experience in developing
understanding of the intricacies of local and regional aquatic habitats. Prerequisite(s): BI 101
and testing hypotheses using classical and modern techniques in parasitology as well as data
and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, BI 113.
analysis and presentation. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.

BI 312—Ecology BI 331WX—Cultural, Ethical, Economic, Religious, and

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
Political issues Surrounding Science and Medicine
This course focuses on important principles that govern all ecosystems, including how
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
biotic and abiotic factors converge to create natural systems, and how interactions and
interdependencies among organisms shape biological communities. Course objectives will This seminar will address the rapid and almost unmanageable speed of breakthroughs in
be achieved using lectures and a writing assignment that tests a novel hypothesis, using data science and medicine that have tested our abilities to keep up with the many cultural, religious,
drawn from peer reviewed scientific literature. The laboratory portion of the course will focus ethical, political, and economic issues that they evoke. Through a case-based study of actual
on a semester long ecological experiment. Students will analyze the data and use the results to problems and controversies, we will discuss ways to address these issues as concerned
write a professional-quality scientific paper. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, individuals and members of a world culture. Included will be such issues as patients’ rights, the
BI 113. use of animals in research, human cloning, stem cell research, screening for human diseases,
euthanasia, health care coverage, and access to medical care. Enrollment is restricted by
BI 313—Microbiology permission of the instructor. Prerequisite(s): No prerequisites. Writing intensive (W) Civilizations
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4 and Cultures (X).

A survey of the biology of microorganisms encompassing their diversity, structure,

metabolism, pathogenesis, and ecology. Laboratory exercises will cover identification and
BI 335—Neurobiology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
manipulation of bacteria and single-celled eukaryotes. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI
111, BI 112, and BI 113. The course will offer students an in depth understanding of the structure and function of
the nervous system, in particular, students will be provided with an overview of comparative
BI 321—Invertebrate Zoology and human functional and clinical neuroanatomy in preparation for laboratory sessions involv-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4 ing human and comparative neuroanatomy, conducting original laboratory experiments in the
area of developmental neurobiology using live animal models, as well as discussions of clinical
The course will cover the general form and function, life histories, ecology and evolution of
case studies. In addition, current scientific papers will be presented dealing with breakthrough
the major invertebrate phyla. An emphasis will be placed on animals which are representative
discoveries in the areas of brain function. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and
of their particular group and those that affect the lives of humans. Laboratories will focus on
BI 113.
observation of slides and prepared specimens, and dissection of representative organisms.
Observation and collection of animals in the field in both freshwater and marine environments
will also be required. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.
BI 340—Teaching Mentorship in Biology
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 2

BI 324—Ornithology Students with at least a 3.0 GPA in their major and who earn an A or a B in a biology course,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4 or by approval of the Department Head, may serve as a teaching assistant for the lab portion
of this course in a subsequent semester. The teaching mentee’s duties may vary, but a mentee
The course will examine the biology of birds. Lecture topics will include a consideration of
must meet with his/her mentoring professor weekly and attend all laboratory meetings of
the anatomy and physiology of birds, ecology and evolution of birds, and avian behavior with
the course. Student duties will be determined by the course professor and approved by the
specific emphasis on communication, territoriality, courtship and reproductive behaviors,
Department Head. Duties will include: meeting with the professor each week to discuss
and migration. The laboratory portion of the course will stress identification of birds in the

87
teaching strategies and assisting the professor by helping prepare specimens, equipment, quiz- Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction
zes and/or practicals, assisting with teaching the lab or recitations, and creating a new lab or or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
recitation. This is a Pass/Fail course. It may only be taken once and it will not count as a biology Pass/Fail credits for this course.
elective. Registration for this course requires Department Head approval.
BI 404—Cell Biology
BI 346—Genetics Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
An introduction to cell structure and function including: membrane structure and physi-
An introductory study in genetics. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the flow of biology, functions of organelles, nuclear regulation, role of the cytoskeleton, the extracellular
ologic information from DNA to proteins and the mechanisms of genetic change. Students will matrix, the cell cycle and cell death. Special emphasis is placed on the molecular biology of
utilize software to analyze and compare genomes of a variety of organisms in order to better cellular processes and on current laboratory techniques including PCR and electrophoretic
understand change and regulation at the genetic level. Students may not take both BI 205 and separation of nucleic acids and proteins. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI 102, or BI 111, BI 112, and
BI 346. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 or BI 113. BI 113.

BI 351—Selected Topics in Biology BI 406—Virology

Lecture Hours: 2-3 Lab Hours: 0-3 Credit Hours: 2-4 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Selected topics to be discussed by faculty or visiting professors. Topics will be determined Viruses are entities comprised primarily of protein and nucleic acids that infect most life
upon adequate student interest. When Offered: This course will not necessarily be offered each on earth. This course will cover the essentials of virus infection and replication emphasizing
academic year. biochemical and molecular components essential to virus survival. We will also discuss impacts
of viral infection, especially virus/host interactions. These can often lead to debilitating or
BI 352—Selected Topics in Biology lethal illness, or economically catastrophic agricultural impacts. Prerequisite(s): BI 111, BI 112, &
Lecture Hours: 2-3 Lab Hours: 0-3 Credit Hours: 2-4 BI 113 or instructor permission.

Selected topics to be discussed by faculty or visiting professors. Topics will be determined

upon adequate student interest. When Offered: This course will not necessarily be offered each
BI 411—Immunology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
academic year.
The course will focus on the human immune system. Students will first develop an
BI 353/353W—Summer Scholars Program I understanding of the varied components of the immune system and then learn how those
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3 components interact to efficiently recognize and remove foreign invaders. Regulation of
immune responses and immunpathologies will also be discussed. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 and BI
The Summer Scholars Program is an intensive research experience. Students selected to
102, or BI 111, BI 112, and BI 113.
participate in the program will conduct independent research under the guidance of a faculty
mentor and participate in weekly seminars throughout the summer. Students pursuing the
Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction
BI 420W—Capstone Research Experience
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
Pass/Fail credits for this course. Prerequisite(s): Permission of department head, only. Writing This is a writing intensive course that is required of all biology majors, culminating in the
Intensive Course (W). production of a high-quality senior capstone research paper. The capstone paper will be based
on the process of scientific inquiry, involving hypothesis testing based on a cadet’s original re-
BI 354/354W—Summer Scholars Program II search or meta-analysis of previously published data. Cadets will also present their work to the
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3 Biology Department in the form of a poster. Prerequisite(s): Completion of one of the following
courses prior to enrolling: BI 311, BI 312, BI 313, BI 325, BI 326, BI 335, or BI 430. Writing Intensive
The Summer Scholars Program is an intensive research experience. Students selected to
Course (W).
participate in the program will conduct independent research under the guidance of a faculty
mentor and participate in weekly seminars throughout the summer. Students pursuing the
Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction
BI 430—Molecular Biology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
Pass/Fail credits for this course. Prerequisite(s): Permission of department head, only. Writing This course is designed for upper class cadets who have completed Genetics. Cadets master
Intensive Course (W) advanced molecular techniques in a hands-on fashion, exploring molecular biology from its
roots in DNA manipulation to modern applications. Through reading and discussing seminal
BI 390/390W—Independent Research research articles and modern studies, cadets will explore how to use molecular techniques to
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 1-4 answer pertinent questions in all fields of biology. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 or BI 113, and BI 205 or
BI 346.
These courses are for second classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring
semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Students pursuing the
Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction
BI 490/490W—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 2-4
or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
Pass/Fail credits for this course. These courses are for first classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring semes-
ters, including majors seeking Institute or Biology Department Honors. Students pursuing the
BI 391/391W—Independent Research Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 1-4 or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
Pass/Fail credits for this course. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor and department head
These courses are for second classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring
required. Writing Intensive Course (W).
semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Students pursuing the

88
Writing Intensive (W) option will produce an annotated bibliography and either an introduction
BI 491/491W—Independent Research or discussion section of a research manuscript. Students pursuing the non-W option will earn
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 2-4
Pass/Fail credits for this course. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor and department head
These courses are for first classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring semes- required. Writing Intensive Course (W).
ters, including majors seeking Institute or Biology Department Honors. Students pursuing the

Business
Department of Economics and Business
Department Head: Col. West

Requirements for a major in economics and business are specified in Economics

and Business.
BU 305—Intermediate Accounting
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Note: For all economics and business majors, the following courses must be com-
pleted with a grade of C or higher: MA 125, MA 126; ERH 101, ERH 102; EC 201, EC 202, EC An in-depth study of measurement issues and reporting requirements for assets, together
300, EC 303, EC 304, EC 330; BU 210, BU 211, BU 220, BU 230, BU 310, BU 316, BU 330, BU with developing an understanding of the theoretical foundation of financial accounting. The
339, BU 440. In addition, a minimum grade point average of at least a C must be earned emphasis is on the official pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board.
in all department courses. Prerequisite(s): BU 210 with grade of C or higher.

BU 210—Financial Accounting BU 306—International Business

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course covers the basic principles and concepts of accounting, recording and report- This is a course designed to increase the student’s awareness of the fundamentals of the in-
ing transactions, and preparation and interpretation of financial statements. Emphasis is on the ternational business environment, and focuses on the issues and problems confronting manag-
rationale underlying accounting transactions. ers in international business. The international business environment includes viewing national
differences in political economy and cultures, global trade, monetary policies, strategies and
BU 211—Managerial Accounting structures of international businesses, and how basic business functions are best performed on
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 an international basis. Prerequisite(s): EC 201, EC 202, BU 220, and BU 230.

This course covers (1) GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) approaches for re-
cording manufacturers’ inventory, (2) alternative in-house approaches for evaluating inventory
BU 310—Business Finance
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and cost of goods sold, and (3) other analytical approaches to management decision-making,
such as budgeting, standard costing and methods for evaluating organizational performance. The approach is from the viewpoint of management in making financial decisions for the
The focus of the course is on analytical thinking. Prerequisite(s): BU 210 with a grade of C firm. Business risk and valuation, capital budgeting, cost of capital, and the decision-making
or better. process are the four areas emphasized. Prerequisite(s): BU 210 with a grade of C or better.

BU 215—Financial Planning BU 316—Legal Environment of Business

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of the fundamental principles of financial decision making. Overview of money The law as a means to social, political, and economic change. The American legal system
management principles, to include asset management, investment products and planning, from the standpoint of its sources and its philosophy, with special emphasis on business
personal risk assessment, and insurance. Open to all majors. Note: This course cannot be taken relations and the role of government. The course should develop an understanding of the
by EC/BU majors or business minors as a business elective. Prerequisite(s): completion of 6 structural apparatus and techniques of the legal process. Prerequisite(s): EC 201, EC 202, and BU
hours of math at VMI or equivalent. 220 with a minimum grade of C.

BU 220—Principles of Management BU 320—Business Marketing

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The principles and processes of management in the private sector of the economy. Analysis This course involves an analysis of the basic principles which govern marketing products
of the managerial functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, emphasizing and services to organizational customers rather than final consumers who buy goods and
ethics and social responsibility. services for personal consumption. Attention is focused on the special problems connected
with the management of the business marketing organization and the planning, purchase, dis-
BU 230—Principles of Marketing tribution, promotion, and development of business goods and services. Prerequisite(s): BU 230.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Analysis of the marketing function in business enterprise, including product development,

BU 322—Human Resource Management
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
pricing, distribution, and promotion for domestic and global markets. Includes study of market
research, environmental scanning and analysis techniques. The knowledge, skills, and abilities of management and non-management employees are
essential in the attainment of organizational objectives. BU 322 examines the recruitment,
selection, training, evaluation, and compensation of employees, within the constraints of

89
operating efficiency and applicable federal and state laws. Prerequisite(s): BU 220 with a grade
of C or higher.
BU 417—Advertising
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

BU 330—Management Information Systems This course will focus on the visual and communicative side of marketing. It will investigate
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 the multiple roles that marketing research, writing, strategic planning, creativity, and art and
design play in marketing communications. Topics include: logo (graphics), branding, retail out-
An introduction to the field of management information systems, to include basic informa-
lets, packaging (design), brochures (production), public relations, and media based advertising.
tion systems’ concepts, the use of MIS in systematic problem solving, and managerial impli-
There will be a team project and numerous term papers. Prerequisite(s): BU 230 with a grade of
cations involved with hardware, software, telecommunications, and database management.
C or better.
Prerequisite(s): BU 220.

BU 335—Web 2.0 for Business BU 419—International Marketing

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course is designed to provide students with knowledge beyond that of domestic
The purpose of this course is to learn how the internet is changing the way business is done.
marketing to make practical decisions relevant to entering and competing in foreign markets.
New technology is making business more efficient, allowing them to increase their customer
The course introduces the main characteristics of international markets and addresses the
base, and helping them to improve their profitability. Topics include: social networking, blog-
impact of global environmental factors (economic, social, legal, and cultural) on marketing
ging, wikis, collaboration/virtual teams, and media. Prerequisite(s): BU 220 (basic knowledge of
decisions such as market entry, product development, pricing, promotion, and distribution.
business practices is beneficial).
Prerequisite(s): BU 230 with a grade of C or better.

BU 339—Operations Management BU 420—Marketing Management

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An introduction to operating management decisions which must be made to supply or pro-
Case studies involving marketing and strategy and policies, concepts and practices.
duce the product or service of an organization. Integrating the major decision responsibilities
Promotion, pricing and marketing computer simulation. Prerequisite(s): BU 230 with grade of C
of process, quality, capacity, and inventory issues through the use of cross-functional decision
or higher.
making is emphasized. Prerequisite(s): BU 220

BU 411W—Equity Markets and Investing BU 422—Labor and Employment Law

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
While this is a course about the law, it is designed specifically for those who hope to go into
An introduction to the analysis and valuation techniques used for equity securities. This
management; to provide them with a level of understanding about the labor relations process,
course will focus on fundamental and technical analysis, market efficiency, the exposition and
the rapidly changing field of employment law, and the rights and responsibilities of employees
implementation of valuation techniques, in addition to institutional understanding of securities
and employers. Prerequisite(s): BU 220 and BU 316 with a grade of C or higher.
markets and trading. Note: Writing Intensive Course (W). Prerequisite(s): BU 310, EC 201, & EC
202 with a minimum grade of C.
BU 428W—Developing Business Leadership
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
BU 412—Fixed Income, Derivatives, and
Alternative Assets The purpose of this course is to learn how to identify and develop effective leadership, with
particular emphasis on business applications. We will identify characteristics of effective lead-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ers, study how leaders apply these characteristics, and strategize on how these characteristics
This course is an introduction to the analysis and valuation techniques used for fixed income can be developed. Using these characteristics as a foundation, we will examine how they can
securities (mainly bonds), derivative securities (options and futures) and alternative assets (real be used for effective decision-making in different situations and circumstances (e.g. business,
estate, commodities, etc.) focusing on the concepts and tools that are useful to managers and sports, military). Note: Writing Intensive Course (W). Prerequisite(s): BU 220 and PS 344.
investors who want to use these securities in a well-diversified portfolio. Prerequisite(s): BU 310,
EC 201, & EC 202 with a minimum grade of C. BU 440—Business Policy Seminar
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
BU 413—Wealth Management A capstone course, dealing with strategy and policy formulation and implementation. It is
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
designed to provide a framework for problem identification, analysis, and decision making:
Emphasis in the major concepts in the creation and management of wealth for the individ- integration and application of accounting, economics, marketing, management, finance, and
ual, small privately held firms, and family owned businesses. Analysis of financial and estate statistics. Prerequisite(s): BU 210, BU 220, BU 230, BU 310, EC 300 and EC 303. Corequisite(s): EC
planning from a life-cycle perspective; accumulation, preservation, and transfer. Examines the 304, EC 330, BU 211, BU 316, BU 330, and BU 339.
use of insurance as a planning tool for hedging and risk management. Explores the challenge of
forecasting, considering both deterministic and random models. Prerequisite(s): BU 310 with a BU 450—Topics in Business
minimum grade of C. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Selected topics in business related areas as suggested by members of the faculty and/or
BU 415—Financial Statements Analysis cadets. Subject and content to be announced before the semester in which the course is to be
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
taught. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor. When Offered: Offered as announced.
A critical analysis of financial statement components. Prerequisite(s): BU 310, EC 201, & EC
202 with a minimum grade of C.

90
a second internship, under the provisions specified by the department head. Prerequisite(s):
BU 451—Topics in Business a 2.8 GPA overall and in all business courses, and permission of internship coordinator, the
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
internship faculty adviser, and the department head. Upon the completion of all the academic
Selected topics in business related areas as suggested by members of the faculty and/or and employment requirements of the summer internship for credit program, cadets may earn
cadets. Subject and content to be announced before the semester in which the course is to be 3 hours of academic credit per summer for either EC 480 and EC 481 or BU 480 and BU 481,
taught. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor. When Offered: Offered as announced. although no more than three hours can count towards graduation.

BU 460—Independent Research in Business

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

Independent research designed for cadets who desire to pursue a research interest in
business under the direction of a faculty member. Prerequisite(s): An overall GPA or 2.7 and
permission of instructor and department head.

BU 461—Independent Research in Business

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

BU 462—Honors Research in Business

Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2

Designed for cadets pursuing independent research under the direction of a faculty mem-
ber leading to departmental honors. Prerequisite(s): A 3.2 GPA overall and in all courses in the
major. Permission of instructor, department honors committee, and the department head.

BU 463—Honors Research in Business

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

BU 473—Advanced Topics in Marketing

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course provides more in-depth exposure in several key areas touched upon in
Principles of Marketing. The topics will draw from consumer behavior, buyer-seller relations,
market research, retail, and brand management. Prerequisite(s): BU 230 with a minimum grade
of C.

BU 480—Business Internship
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Under the supervision of a department faculty adviser, cadets may earn up to three hours of
academic credit as a business elective in a summer internship of at least 8 weeks duration in a
full-time position. Internships will normally be conducted with a private firm, a governmental
agency, or a non-profit organization. Academic credit as a free elective maybe awarded for
a second internship, under the provisions specified by the department head. Prerequisite(s):
a 2.8 GPA overall and in all business courses, and permission of internship coordinator, the
internship faculty adviser, and the department head. Upon the completion of all the academic
and employment requirements of the summer internship for credit program, cadets may earn
3 hours of academic credit per summer for either EC 480 and EC 481 or BU 480 and BU 481,
although no more than three hours can count towards graduation.

BU 481—Business Internship
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

91
Chemistry
Department of Chemistry
Department Head: Col. Stan Smith

Requirements for a major in chemistry are specified in Chemistry.

Prerequisites: Proficiency in CH 131 and CH 132 or in CH 137 and CH 138 for all
CH 132—Chemical Science II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
courses in chemistry numbered 223 or higher. Additional prerequisites are stated in
descriptions of courses below. Continuation of CH 131. Emphasis is on applications of chemical principles to problems in-
cluding, but not limited to, the economy, the environment, energy sources, and human health.
CH 4XX—Advanced Chemistry Elective Topics include organic chemistry, natural and artificial polymers, energy sources, and nuclear
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 chemistry. Prerequisite(s): CH 131 or CH 137 and CH 111 or CH 117. Corequisite(s): CH 112.

Please refer to your program evaluation for valid courses which fall into this designation.
CH 137—Introductory College Chemistry I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CH 111—Laboratory for CH 131
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1 A study of the fundamental principles of chemistry and their applications, designed for
science, math, and engineering majors. Topics include atomic and molecular structure,
A laboratory course designed to reinforce the concepts covered in CH 131. Corequisite(s):
chemical bonding, gases, thermochemistry, stoichiometry, physical and chemical properties.
CH 131.
Corequisite(s): CH 117 or CH 125.

CH 112—Laboratory for CH 132 CH 138—Introductory College Chemistry II

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A laboratory course designed to reinforce the concepts covered in CH 132. Prerequisite(s):
A continuation of CH 137. Topics include solutions, chemical kinetics, chemical equilibrium,
CH 111 and CH 131. Corequisite(s): CH 132.
ionic equilibrium, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, organic chemistry, descriptive chemis-
try, and nuclear chemistry. Prerequisite(s): CH 137. Corequisite(s): CH 118 or CH 126.
CH 117—Laboratory for CH 137
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1
CH 223—Organic Chemistry I
Experiments designed to demonstrate the basic principles of chemistry with respect to Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
observations, measurements, and calculations. Corequisite(s): CH 137.
Basic studies concerning bonding, structure, and stereochemistry related to the physical
and chemical properties of organic compounds, and emphasizing kinetics, thermodynamics
CH 118—Laboratory for CH 138 and acid-base theory. Synthesis and reactions of alkyl halides, alcohols, alkenes and alkynes
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1
are emphasized. Prerequisite(s): CH 138 or its equivalent. Corequisite(s): CH 225 or CH 229
A continuation of CH 117. Emphasis is placed upon proper procedures in chemical syntheses
and analyses. Prerequisite(s): CH 117 and CH 137. Corequisite(s): CH 138. CH 224—Organic Chemistry II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CH 125—Laboratory for CH 137 A continuation of CH 223 with emphasis on the preparation, reactions, and interconver-
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 5 Credit Hours: 2
sions of organic compounds, stressing synthetic and biochemical aspects as well as modern
Basic directed and guided-inquiry laboratory experiments, including an introduction to the theoretical and mechanistic approaches. Prerequisite(s): CH 223 with minimum grade of C.
use of laboratory instruments. Some experiments will be project-based, illustrating the nature Corequisite(s): CH 226 or CH 230
of modern chemical thought. Corequisite(s): CH 137, for CH majors only*.
CH 225—Organic Laboratory I
CH 126—Laboratory for CH 138 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 5 Credit Hours: 2
For the chemistry major: a companion laboratory for CH 223 emphasizing organic synthesis
A continuation of CH 125, including both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The labora- and laboratory techniques, with additional emphasis on spectroscopy. Corequisite(s): CH 223
tory will also be an introduction to research philosophies in chemistry. Prerequisite(s): CH 125
and CH 137. Corequisite(s): CH 138, for CH majors only*. CH 226—Organic Laboratory II
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3
CH 131—Chemical Science I For the chemistry major: a companion laboratory for CH 224 emphasizing organic synthesis
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and laboratory techniques, with additional emphasis on spectroscopy. Prerequisite(s): CH 225
Study of the basic principles of chemistry designed for liberal arts majors. Topics include Corequisite(s): CH 224
classification of matter, history of the atom, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, acids and bases,
and redox. Corequisite(s): CH 111.

92
CH 229—Organic Laboratory I for Non-Majors CH 311W—Laboratory for CH 301
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1.5 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3

A laboratory course serving as traditional companion for Organic Chemistry emphasizing Laboratory exercises which illustrate physical chemistry principles and laboratory tech-
organic synthesis and laboratory techniques. Scientific observation and communication and niques. Note: This is a writing intensive course. Corequisite(s): CH 301
the use of modern analytical techniques will also be included. Corequisite(s): CH 223.
CH 312W—Laboratory for CH 302
CH 230—Organic Laboratory II for Non-Majors Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1.5
Laboratory exercises which illustrate physical chemistry principles and laboratory tech-
A laboratory course serving as traditional companion for Organic Chemistry that includes niques. Note: This is a writing intensive course. Corequisite(s): CH 302
mechanistic studies and synthetic problems, and employs instrumental techniques to deter-
mine the purity and structure of reaction products. Prerequisite(s): CH 223 minimum grade of C CH 321—Structural Biochemistry
& CH 229 minimum grade of D. Corequisite(s): CH 224 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This will be a two-semester presentation of general biochemistry. In the first semester (BC
CH 246—Inorganic Chemistry 321 Structural Biochemistry), each of the major classes of biological molecules will be present-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ed in light of their chemical composition and properties, emphasizing that these molecules
The principle topics for discussion will be atomic structure, molecular structure and obey the fundamental tenets presented in both general chemistry and biology. Structure /
bonding, solid structures, acids and bases, molecular symmetry, and coordination chemistry. function interrelationship will be emphasized. Enzyme kinetics and basic thermodynamics will
Prerequisite(s): CH 138 or CH 132 also be presented. This course also has a laboratory component (BI 323 ). Prerequisite(s): CH
224. Corequisite(s): CH 323
CH 255—Summer Research in Chemistry
Credit Hours: 0 CH 322—Metabolic Biochemistry
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Independent study opportunities, offered in each summer session, for students participat-
ing in chemical research under faculty supervision. Prerequisite(s): permission of department The second semester (BC 322 Metabolic Biochemistry) will investigate metabolic pathways
head and faculty research adviser. as they exist in a variety of organisms. While the metabolism of humans will be emphasized,
unique metabolic systems in plant and microbial species will be introduced to demonstrate
CH 256—Summer Research in Chemistry alternative strategies for energy production and utilization. Prerequisite(s): CH 223
Credit Hours: 0

Independent study opportunities, offered in each summer session, for students participat-
CH 323—Laboratory for CH 321
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1.5
ing in chemical research under faculty supervision. Prerequisite(s): permission of department
head and faculty research adviser. Selected experiments involving biochemical principles presented in CH 321. Emphasis will
be placed on current analytical and instrumental methods used to separate and identify biolog-
CH 262—Public Health issues ically important compounds. Prerequisite(s): CH 226 or CH 230 Corequisite(s): CH 321
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The course introduces students to the field of public health and its role in their lives and
CH 335—Analytical Chemistry I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
their community. Students will explore a variety of topics including, but not limited to:(1) the
mission/goals of public health (2) the role of epidemiology in public health (3) clinical studies Theory and practice of chemical analysis. Classical volumetric methods and an introduc-
and ethical issues; (4) risk factors for disease (5) global nutritional and disease issues (6) food tion to instrumental methods including potentiometric titrations, spectrophotometry, flame
safety, food born diseases and investigating food Bourne outbreaks; (7) cardiovascular diseas- emission and ion selective electrodes. Corequisite(s): CH 337.
es, diabetes, and obesity; (8) genetically engineered foods and foods from cloned animals; and
(9) body image and eating disorders. Topics can be modified to address other contemporary CH 336—Analytical Chemistry II
issues in the field of public health. Prerequisite(s): One of the following: CH 111, CH 117, CH 137, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
BI 101 or by instructor approval.
A continuation of CH 335 with emphasis on more advanced techniques of chemical analysis
including gas chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, spectroscopy including
CH 301—Physical Chemistry I Fourier Transform Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fluorescence, atomic absorption and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ultraviolet/visible and mass spectrometry. Prerequisite(s): CH 301 and CH 335. Corequisite(s):
An introduction to gases and chemical thermodynamics. Emphasis is placed on understand- CH 338.
ing ideal and real gases, distribution functions and the mathematical implications of differential
equations to the laws of thermodynamics. Prerequisite(s): MA 124 Corequisite(s): CH 311W CH 337—Laboratory for CH 335
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3
CH 302—Physical Chemistry II Laboratory component for CH 335 emphasizing laboratory technique while illustrating
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
analytical principles.
A continuation of CH 301 with emphasis on chemical kinetics, equilibria, phase equilibria,
solutions, electrochemistry, and quantum mechanics. Prerequisite(s): MA 215 or MA 311 and
PY 160

93
CH 338—Laboratory for CH 336 CH 396X—Chemistry in A Historical Context
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3

The laboratory component for CH 336 featuring hands-on use of instruments, sample This is a course designed to acquaint the student with a historical and cultural context
preparation and data interpretation. surrounding some of the major chemicals, chemical theories, and discoveries. Using certain
themes, i.e. alchemy, medicinal chemistry, conservation of mass and man-made materials, the
CH 355—Summer Research in Chemistry history and development of chemistry and chemical thought are traced from ancient times to
Credit Hours: 0 the present. Note: Civilizations & Cultures Course (X). Prerequisite(s): CH 131 or CH 137

Independent study opportunities, offered in each summer session, for students participat-
ing in chemical research under faculty supervision. Prerequisite(s): permission of department
CH 425—Qualitative Organic Analysis
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
head and faculty research adviser.
The course is concerned with the theory and practice of systematic identification of
CH 357—Independent Summer Research organic compounds based on their physical and chemical properties. The application of
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3 modern instrumental methods (ir, uv, gc/ms. And nmr spectroscopy) of analysis is discussed.
Prerequisite(s): CH 223, CH 224, CH 301, and CH 302.
Independent research for participants in the VMI Chemistry Department’s Summer
Research Program. A student working under the supervision of a faculty supervisor, may earn a
maximum of three credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive
CH 426—Advanced Organic Chemistry
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
written research paper are required for each course. Prerequisite(s): permission of department
head and faculty research supervisor. Topics covered may include organic reaction mechanisms, stereochemistry of carbon
compounds, modern synthetic methods, polymers, and organometallics. The selection of
CH 358—Independent Summer Research topics is left to the discretion of the instructor. At present, polymer chemistry is the main topic
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3 of discussion. Prerequisite(s): CH 223, CH 301, and CH 302.

Independent research for participants in the VMI Chemistry Department’s Summer

Research Program. A student working under the supervision of a faculty supervisor, may earn a
CH 434—Chemical Synthesis
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3
maximum of three credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive
written research paper are required for each course. Prerequisite(s): permission of department A laboratory course involving the synthesis and characterization of selected inorganic and
head and faculty research supervisor. organic compounds.

CH 359—Research Topics in Chemistry CH 444—Advanced Inorganic Chemistry

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 2 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Only qualified junior chemistry students may take this course with the approval of the The principal topics for discussion will be coordination chemistry, transition metal chemis-
Chemistry Department head and a research supervisor. Independent research under a facul- try, and organometallic chemistry. Other topics may include bioinorganic chemistry, catalysis,
ty mentor. metal cluster chemistry, and physical methods in inorganic chemistry.

CH 360—Research Topics in Chemistry CH 451—Senior Thesis

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 2 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3

Only qualified junior chemistry students may take this course with the approval of the Only qualified senior chemistry students may take this course with the approval of the
Chemistry Department head and a research supervisor. Independent research under a facul- department head. Students are required to select a research project or an advanced phase of
ty mentor. some subject in either inorganic, analytical, organic, or physical chemistry, with the approval
of the professor in charge of the particular branch of chemistry. Work is performed under the
CH 362—Teaching Mentorship in Chemistry supervision of the professor. (0-6-3 for students taking departmental honors.)
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3

Senior students may take this course with the approval of the chemistry department head.
CH 452—Senior Thesis
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3
Students interested in a teaching career are required to select a professor who will be willing
to monitor the student’s progress during the course. The student will be required to observe Only qualified senior chemistry students may take this course with the approval of the
both classes and laboratories which the professor teaches, most likely general chemistry. The department head. Students are required to select a research project or an advanced phase of
student will be required to give short lectures throughout the term in both the recitation and some subject in either inorganic, analytical, organic, or physical chemistry, with the approval
the pre-laboratory classes. The student will also be required to submit sample test questions of the professor in charge of the particular branch of chemistry. Work is performed under the
throughout the semester. Finally, the student will be required to submit a complete syllabus for supervision of the professor. (0-6-3 for students taking departmental honors.)
both a lecture and a laboratory general chemistry course.

94
CH 455—Summer Research in Chemistry CH 467—Theoretical Chemistry
Credit Hours: 0 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Independent study opportunities, offered in each summer session, for students participat- Concepts in quantum chemistry, molecular symmetry and spectroscopy, statistical ther-
ing in chemical research under faculty supervision. Prerequisite(s): permission of department modynamics, and superconductivity are related to contemporary ideas in physical chemistry.
head and faculty research adviser. Prerequisite(s): CH 301 and CH 302.

CH 456—Summer Research in Chemistry CH 480—Computational Chemistry

Credit Hours: 0 Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2

Independent study opportunities, offered in each summer session, for students participat- With the advance of computing power, we can now answer questions that were impossible
ing in chemical research under faculty supervision. Prerequisite(s): permission of department to solve analytically 40, 50, or even 20 years ago. Computational Chemistry is a short course
head and faculty research adviser. designed to introduce students to the field of computational chemistry and fundamental quan-
tum mechanical principles utilized therein. In addition to learning the theoretical background
CH 457—Independent Summer Research of computational chemistry, there will be a practical application portion of the course where
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3 students make extensive use of free open-source molecular modeling software obtained on-
line. Students will develop the ability to build and study molecular structures and reactions; the
Independent research for participants in the VMI Chemistry Department’s Summer
course will introduce cadets to the types of chemical calculations (e.g. methods and basis sets,
Research Program. A student working under the supervision of a faculty supervisor, may earn a
thermodynamic and kinetic data, transition state structures, reaction coordinate diagrams,
maximum of three credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive
molecular orbital surface generation, etc.) can be performed, their strengths and weaknesses,
written research paper are required for each course. Prerequisite(s): permission of department
and what information can be obtained as well as introduce them to the jargon of the field.
head and faculty research supervisor.
While we will discuss the different levels of calculations (e.g. molecular mechanics, ab initio,
correlation interactions, etc.) we will focus on the most heavily utilized algorithm, Density
CH 458—Independent Summer Research Functional Theory, DFT. Computational problems sets will make up the bulk of the graded
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3
assignments and each student will be required to investigate an independent projects tailored
Independent research for participants in the VMI Chemistry Department’s Summer to that student. There is no required textbook. Some knowledge of organic compounds and
Research Program. A student working under the supervision of a faculty supervisor, may earn a structures is necessary. Prerequisite(s): CH 223
maximum of three credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive
written research paper are required for each course. Prerequisite(s): permission of department CH 481—Organometallics
head and faculty research supervisor. Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

This short course explores both the fundamental principles for building organometallic
CH 461—Selected Topics in Chemistry compounds and their current utility in the field of catalysis. Prerequisite(s): CH 246.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Selected areas of chemistry, reflecting the current expertise of the faculty, such as polymer CH 483—Chemical Agents
chemistry, the chemistry of amorphous materials, bioorganic chemistry, or the pharmacology Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1
of transition metal compounds, will be presented on a year to year basis. Prerequisite(s): The
This is a one credit hour course that will explore the chemistry of chemical agents. The
core chemistry courses.
objectives of this course are to understand the roles that chemical structure and physical
properties play in the use of these agents. Note: This lecture class is not intended to represent
CH 464—Selected Topics in Chemistry any sort of official training (for anything). This is a solely an academic endeavor. There is no lab
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
for this class. Prerequisite(s): CH 223.
Selected areas of chemistry, reflecting the current expertise of the faculty, such as polymer
chemistry, the chemistry of amorphous materials, bioorganic chemistry, or the pharmacology CH 486—The Amazing Chemistry of Boron
of transition metal compounds, will be presented on a year to year basis. Prerequisite(s): The Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1
core chemistry courses.
Although all the elements in the first row of the Periodic Table exhibit some differences from
the others in the same period, boron seems to be the most amazing in its ability to break the
CH 466—Polymer Chemistry normal rules of bonding and structure. This class will include a study of the commercial uses
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
of boron compounds, synthetic methods, molecular structure, bonding theory, mechanistic
The course will study the chemical and physical properties of polymers. Cadets will explore principles, medical applications, applications to organic synthesis, and the analytical chemistry
a variety of topics including, but not limited to: organic polymers, inorganic polymers, polymer of boron compounds using primary literature articles. Prerequisites: CH 246 & CH 335.
synthesis, polymer characterization, polymer applications, copolymers, molecular weight Topics:
distributions, crystallinity, morphology, glass transition temperature and plasticizers. It is 1. Introduction to Boron
planned that a final individual project/poster session will be included as part of this course. 2. Group 13 and the halides
Topics may be modified to address other contemporary issues in the field of polymer science. 3. Borates
Prerequisite(s): Both CH 224 and CH 302 or instructor approval. 4. Borides
5. Boranes
6. Boron Potpourri
7. Organoborane Chemistry
8. Carboranes
9. etallaboranes

95
CH 487—Symmetry and Spectroscopy
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

This short course will involve facets of molecular symmetry, group theory, character tables,
electronic states and spectra, and Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano Diagrams. Prerequisite(s): CH 246.

CH 488—Industrial Size Chemical Processes

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

This one credit course looks at the role members of society have in practicing their profes-
sion. During the next several weeks we shall consider the building blocks of chemical process
engineering and assess one or two industrial scale processes. We will determine whether
these processes contribute to the viability of a profitable business, to their ability to operate
within legal parameters, and to whether society benefits from their existence. During our time
together we shall challenge ourselves to recognize our professional obligations. Whether we
become chemists, engineers, environmental scientists, or business analysts we all 6 share the
burden of travelling life’s journey as a responsible citizen of planet earth. Note: Open to all 1 st
and 2nd classmen.

CH 489—Toxic Elements
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

This is a short course designed to acquaint the student with several of the well-known toxic
elements. Their chemistry, environmental impact, analysis, modern and historical uses will be
discussed. Prerequisites: CH 246 & CH 335.
Topics:
1. Mercury
2. Arsenic
3. Lead
4. Antimony
5. Thallium

CH 490—Biosynthetic Chemistry
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

This course will examine the pathways that organisms employ to synthesize biological mol-
ecules from smaller precursors. The topics of carbon fixation and nitrogen fixation as well as
the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids will be covered. The role of potential
energy and the mechanisms of some of the key enzymes of these pathways will be covered in
detail. Prerequisite(s): CH 223 & CH 224.

CH 491—Introduction to Chemical Ecology

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

There has been great interest in communication among insects and other arthropods to
find ways to control them. This course examines the history of the development of chemical
ecology, and examples of problems of increasing complexity that have been studied since the
late 1950’s. Topics covered will include: insect olfaction, pheromone structure, the early pher-
omone work, classic cases e.g. Cotton Boll weevil and Japanese beetle, complex systems such
as bark beetles, arthropod defensive chemistry, volatile elicitors, and others. Prerequisite(s): CH
223 & CH 224

CH 492—Chemical Archeology
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

Within the field of archaeology, chemistry has played a critical role in the reconstruction
of humanity’s past for over a 150 years. This short course will focus on the application of
chromatography, mass spectrometry, and spectroscopy to the elemental, isotopic, and molec-
ular analysis of artifacts and their associated remains including bone, stone, soils, pigments,
and organic residues. It will be seen that similar to forensic evidence these remains present
numerous analytical challenges when answering questions about composition, chronolo-
gy, and authenticity. Basic knowledge of organic nomenclature and structure is necessary.
Prerequisite(s): CH 138

96
Chinese
Department of Modern Languages and Cultures
Department Head: Col. Sunnen

All cadets who enter with two or more entrance units in a modern foreign language
are given placement tests and are placed in appropriate courses on the basis of the
CHI 211X—War and its Legacies in Pre-Modern
test results combined with their previous high school language coursework, and after Chinese Literature
consultation with the department head of modern languages. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A single year of a foreign language shall count toward meeting graduation require-
This course examines how the remembrance of war shapes the cultural contours of China.
ments only when the cadet is studying a second language or is taking a language as
Through materials such as pre-modern Chinese literature about war, students learn about
an elective.
cultural memory and cultural identity. This course does not include a language component
Cadets must demonstrate proficiency in ML 101 in order to be admitted into ML 102.
and cannot be used to satisfy a language requirement. Note: Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
They must, similarly, demonstrate proficiency in ML 102 before enrolling in ML 201,
Prerequisite(s): none.
and in ML 201 before enrolling in ML 202/204. Proficiency in ML 202/204 is a prerequi-
site for admission to 300-level courses. Completion of two 300-level courses or their
equivalent is expected before enrollment in any 400—level course. Once a cadet has
CHI 220X—20th Century Chinese Popular Culture
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
completed work at the 202/204 level, he/she may not return to the elementary level
course for credit. This course introduces and compares diverse forms of popular culture from the turn of the
Cadets who present four years of a high school language or demonstrate native or twentieth century to the beginning of the 21 st. It places popular Chinese culture in a historical
near-native language abilities may not enroll at the elementary level of that language. and social context, examining the relationship between culture, economy, technology, and
Such students will have the choice of enrolling either in the first semester intermediate politics in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. This course does not include a foreign language
level of that language or in the first semester elementary course of a different language. component and cannot be used toward a language requirement.

CHI 101—Elementary Chinese I CHI 301—Introduction to Advanced Chinese I

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to the fundamentals of Chinese. Primary emphasis on the acquisition of Designed for students who wish to gain a command of spoken and written Chinese.
the basic language skills(comprehending, speaking, reading and writing) within the context of Conducted in Chinese. This is a gateway course that continues to build upon the skills of listen-
civilization and culture. Secondary emphasis on the culture where Chinese is spoken. Intended ing, reading, writing, and understanding. This course is designed to bridge upper-intermediate
for beginners with no previous experience in the language. Chinese to lower-advanced level. Prerequisite(s): CHI 202

CHI 102—Elementary Chinese II CHI 302—Introduction to Advanced Chinese II

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A continuation of CHI 101 . Prerequisite(s): CHI 101 Designed for students who wish to gain a command of spoken and written Chinese.
Conducted in Chinese. This is the second part of a gateway course that continues to build upon
CHI 201—Intermediate Chinese I the skills of listening, reading, writing, and understanding. This course is designed to bridge
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 upper-intermediate Chinese to lower-advanced level. Prerequisite(s): CHI 301

A continuation and systematic review of structural principles and an introduction to the

reading and discussion of cultural materials and texts with the aim of improving the four basic
CHI 303—Chinese Composition and Conversation
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
language skills. Prerequisite(s): CHI 102
This course is designed to improve students’ spoken and written command of Chinese.
CHI 202—Intermediate Chinese II Through Integrated Chinese, supplemented by specific reading assignments and discussion
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 topics, students will expand compositional and conversational skills. They will improve speak-
ing and writing through classroom discussions, oral reports, short essays, and exams covering
A continuation of CHI 201. This course is intended to consolidate the basic language skills
topics in modern Chinese society and culture. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite(s): CHI 302.
and to prepare the student for advanced work in Chinese. Prerequisite(s): CHI 201

CHI 210—Chinese Martial Arts Cinema CHI 304—Great Cities of China: Beijing
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
With a rich history and profound culture, Beijing is the capital and political center of China,
This course explores the history of martial arts film and its unique cinematic aesthetic in
and has attracted people of many kinds. This course offers an introduction to the global city
Shanghai, Hong Kong, and diaspora communities. Cadets study the related critical issues such
Beijing, present and past. Students will explore topics such as spatial symbolism, popular
as Chinese nationalism, stardom/fandom, gender dynamics, filmmaking, reality/virtuality, and
everyday life, art, music and performances in Beijing during different periods, arenas of
body genre. This course does not include a foreign language component and cannot be used
political rebellions, and the impact of changing economic politics. The course also offers
toward a language requirement.
students an opportunity to travel to important historical and cultural sites such as the Great
Wall, Tiananmen Square, the Forbidden City, the Mao Mausoleum, 798 Art District, and Beijing

97
National Stadium (The Bird’s Nest). Note: The 304 course will be offered abroad and serves as a
companion to the language courses offered in China, so there is no prereq as such.
CHI 422—Introduction to Chinese Literature and Culture
II (after 1900)
CHI 305—Business Chinese and Culture Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This is an introduction to Chinese Literature in the 20th and 21 st century. It investigates
This course provides an introduction to the Chinese language typically used in business modern and contemporary China through a literary lens by which students gain a panoramic
settings. It prepares students to the use of Chinese in specific business-related contexts and overview of Chinese culture, politics, history and society. We will examine the development
help them develop a better understanding of China’s economy and society. Examples of vari- of modern Chinese literature in a roughly chronological order yet also by major themes that
ous topics include business practices (business letters and resumes, job search and interviews), illustrate the literary trends and changes. Both masterpieces and “minor” works are covered in
trade and advertising, major Chinese companies/brands, multinational companies, and global class. The emphasis is placed in fiction, although a variety of genres (poetry, lyric prose, and
market. Students will be exposed to authentic materials such as newspapers and magazines’ film) are also discussed. Prerequisite(s): CHI 302.
articles, video clips, and films, and will be guided through a variety of communicative activities
in class such as problem-solving tasks, discussion and debate. Prerequisite(s): completion of CHI 450—Capstone in Chinese
CHI 202, or the equivalent. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The cadet will choose a topic incorporating an analysis of historical, literary or cultural
CHI 306—Chinese Theater factors in China. Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau as well as Chinese diaspora communities are
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
available topics; field experience and interdisciplinary topics are strongly encouraged. The
This course provides an introduction to Chinese theater from its origin to the present day. student will prepare both a research paper and a 20-minute oral presentation. The final paper
Students will learn, through study of seminal texts and video clips of performance, the basics and the presentation will be in Mandarin. Taught mainly in Chinese. Prerequisite(s): CHI 302 and
of Chinese theater, including its musical construction, stage presentation, the virtuosity of the CHI 303
actor, role types, costumes, make-up, and so forth. The course is divided into two main parts.
In the first part, students read and analyze the plays. In the second part of the course, students CHI 455—China Today
will prepare and perform a chosen play. Prerequisite(s): completion of one 300-level course, or Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
the equivalent.
Designed for students who wish to gain an advanced level of modern Chinese. This course
covers Chinese social, political, cultural, and economic trends from 1949—present, with
CHI 310—Chinese Strategic Culture emphasis on the period since 1978. Specific topics include Chinese business, international
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
relations, and modern military issues. Cadets will write and revise 600-800 word essays in
This course examines the intellectual, military and strategic heritage of China through Chinese on a given topic. Through an intensive writing training and guided revision of response
Chinese texts. Study of classical writings such as Sun Tzu’s Art of War. Includes theatrical and essay, analysis paper, and final topic essay, the student will be able to write in Chinese beyond
filmic representations of traditional Chinese strategic culture. Designed for heritage speakers the sentence level on topics related to daily life and aspects of the Chinese culture. Taught in
or those with advanced proficiency. Conducted in Chinese. Prerequisite(s): One semester of Chinese. Prerequisite(s): One 300-Level CHI Course.
300-level Chinese of permission of instructor.
CHI 481—Survey of Chinese Culture and Society
CHI 314—Chinese Civilization Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A Chinese history and civilization course during the VMI summer abroad program. This
This course offers an introduction to China, present and past. Topics include issues facing course is primarily a culture class designed to educate students on contemporary China
China today, including recent political, social, and economic developments, environmental through on-site excursions to historical places of interest with a guided tour. May include invit-
degradation, etc., as well as historical topics such as the imperial state, traditional family values, ed guest lectures by Chinese academics. Topics cover Chinese society such as the educational
and the arts. Students will explore meanings in texts and other sources, relating traditional system, government relations, religion, history, and gender roles in China, among others.
Chinese philosophy, art, literature, statecraft and social thought to their historical contexts and This course does not include a foreign language component and cannot be used toward a
to current events. The course follows a lecture-discussion format and will make use of sources language requirement.
in its original language. Prerequisite(s): CHI 301 and CHI 302.

CHI 421—Introduction to Pre-Modern Chinese Literature

and Culture
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course surveys Chinese literature and culture from antiquity up to the early 20th
century, covering important works from a wide range of genres such as poetry, fiction, and
drama. Beyond close reading of selected literary texts, we will explore the social, economic,
and political contexts that establish their cultural significance, and look at their reverberations
in contemporary culture. The course follows a lecture-discussion format and will make use of
sources in its original language. Prerequisite(s): CHI 302.

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Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department Head: Capt. Riester

Requirements for a major in civil engineering are specified in Civil and civilian and military applications. Case histories and software exercises are used to introduce
Environmental Engineering. GIS/GPS and the global concepts therein. A variety of information types along with digital maps
will be utilized to study historic aspects of American culture in conjunction with basic cultural
CE 109—CE Fundamentals I patterns in other regions of the world. Digital GIS maps allow regional or global trends to be
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 2 visualized, compared, measured, queried, and analyzed. CE 208X is open to all majors. Note:
Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
An introduction to the Civil Engineering profession including its: history, specialty areas,
responsibilities, and role in infrastructure. The use of spreadsheets and word processing to
present computations and results for design projects. Basic statistics, probability theory, and
CE 250—Survey and Analysis of Environmental Issues
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
engineering mechanical drawing.
This three-credit course takes a multi-disciplinary approach to explore and analyze the var-
CE 110—CE Fundamentals II ious aspects of environmental issues and problems being faced today and those we are likely
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 2 to face in the future, on the local, national and international levels. The course will explore how
historical, socio-economic, political, biological, engineering and technological forces interact
An introduction to computer-aided drafting and design (CADD) with applications to Civil
to impact a broad range of issues and potential solutions to the most pressing environmental
Engineering. Topics will include orthographics, dimensioning, isometrics, and scaling. An
issues. The course will examine and discuss topics including culture, bio-diversity, species
introduction to math software for engineering computations and computer programming
extinction, eco-systems of the oceans and land, and the human impact on the environment
concepts and structure.
including on water, air, land, soils, and climate. Cadets will examine the distribution and inten-
sity of natural disasters and conflict over resources, as well as national defense and military
CE 121—Surveying concerns regarding the environment. The course will also explore environmental laws and
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3
regulations, market approaches and other means to address these issues.
Surveying instruments, measurements of horizontal and vertical distances and direction,
traverse computations, topographic mapping, and construction surveys… Corequisite(s): CE 301—Structural Theory
CE 121L Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Analysis of statically determinate and indeterminate structures. Application of computers to

CE 121L—Survey Lab structural analysis. Prerequisite(s): C or better in CE 206 or ME 206.
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 0

Using various surveying instruments students learn how to measure distances, angles, and CE 302—Civil Engineering Dynamics
elevations to determine plane surveying information. Corequisite(s): CE 121 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Vector and scalar methods in kinematics, including absolute and relative motion of particles
CE 203—Statics and rigid bodies; kinetics, with solutions of rigid bodies by the methods of force, mass and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
acceleration, work and energy, and impulse and momentum. Analysis of single degree of
Vector and scalar methods in the composition and resolution of forces; moments of freedom systems. Prerequisite(s): CE 203 or ME 201 all with a minimum grade of C.
forces; equilibrium in two or three dimensions; simple structures including trusses and frames;
shear and moment in beams; distributed loads; friction; centroids and centers of gravity. CE 307—Properties of Engineering Materials
Prerequisite(s): MA 123 with a minimum grade of C. Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of mechanical properties of engineering materials with special emphasis on

CE 206—Solid Mechanics Portland cement concrete. Materials studied include wood, metals (steel and nonferrous
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
metals), plastics, glass, clay, bituminous materials and Portland cement concrete. Materials
A study of the behavior of non-rigid bodies when subjected to external tension, compres- testing, specifications, and design are examined through both classroom and laboratory work.
sion, bending, torsional loads or a combination of these loads. Development of mathematical Prerequisite(s): CE 206 or ME 206 with a minimum grade of C. Corequisite(s): CE 307L
expressions that relate to external loads, member properties, and internal stresses, strains, and
deflections. Includes elastic and plastic stress theory. Prerequisite(s): MA 124 and CE 203 or ME CE 307L—Laboratory for CE 307
201 all with a minimum grade of C. Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 0

A laboratory course designed to reinforce the concepts covered in CE 307. Corequisite(s):

CE 208X—Introduction to Geographic Information CE 307
Systems (GIS)
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 CE 309—Fluid Mechanics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) including Global Positioning
Systems (GPS) as pertinent to past and current practices along with future trends of the 21 st
Elementary mechanics of fluids. Fluid properties; hydrostatics; fluid kinematics; equations
Century. The usage of both GIS/GPS is growing exponentially and is applicable to all majors in of motion; energy equation; momentum principles; flow of liquids and gases in closed

99
conduits; principles of dimensional analysis and dynamic similitude. Prerequisite(s): MA 124 and
CE 203
CE 340X—Environmental Engineering & Construction in
Developing Countries
CE 310—Soil Mechanics Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 4
Environmental Engineering and Construction in Developing Countries uses hands-on
Origin, nature, and classification of soils; analysis and laboratory tests to determine the en- application of rudimentary field design and construction techniques for the implementation
gineering and index properties of soils and their application to various design considerations. of basic environmental necessities in developing communities and the enhancement of
Prerequisite(s): C or better in CE 206 or ME 206. Corequisite(s): CE 310L overall quality of human life. Students conduct construction activities in various developing
communities worldwide. The course explores the role of the environmental engineer, and
CE 310L—Laboratory for CE 310 specifically the average human being in worldwide public health and seeks to promote an
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 0 awareness of communities lacking access to basic human rights such as clean drinking water
and adequate sanitation. Students will maintain a daily journal or blog while in-country and will
A laboratory course designed to reinforce the concepts covered in CE 310. Corequisite(s):
publish the blog or journal on ePortfolio upon return to the U.S. Students are also required to
CE 310
write a preliminary design report for implementation of in-country design, and a final reflective
essay to be posted on ePortfolio for dissemination to the general VMI public. Note: Civilizations
CE 319W—Water Resources Laboratory & Cultures (X)
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1

Laboratory procedures and statistical analysis of experimental data; examination of fluid CE 350—Civil Engineering Project Management
properties and topics in fluid mechanics and hydrologic and hydraulic engineering; experimen- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
tal topics in water resources and environmental engineering; and analysis and design of water
Introduction of construction management principles for civil engineering projects including
distribution systems. Prerequisite(s): CE 309 and CE 321. Note: Writing Intensive Course (W)
project organization and documentation, business organization and legal structure, scheduling
(CPM and other) and tracking, cost estimating and cost control, bid preparation, contracts,
CE 321—Environmental Engineering claims and disputes, labor and OSHA, insurance, and engineering economics. Scheduling and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
cost estimating use specific applications software and spreadsheets.
Environmental engineering aspects of pollution control including a review of environ-
mental chemistry; water/wastewater and industrial waste characteristics; air quality; pertinent CE 401—Hydrology
environmental regulations; reactor engineering and wastewater treatment; municipal and Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
industrial wastewater treatment plant design; design of air pollution control technologies; and
Occurrence and movement of surface water including weather and climate; precipitation;
a review of risk assessment.
evaporation, transpiration, and consumptive use; runoff; infiltration; streamflow; routing; hy-
drograph analysis; erosions and sedimentation; and urban hydrology. Probability applications
CE 322—Water Resources Engineering to hydrologic data are emphasized. Requires use of spreadsheets and incorporates web-ac-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
cessible analytical methods and hydrologic data from USGS, US Army Corps of Engineers, SCS,
Analysis of hydraulic problems associated with the design of civil engineering structures, NOAA, and others. Prerequisite(s): CE 322.
analysis and design of public water supply systems, and related topics; occurrence and move-
ment of surface water flow including open channel flow and runoff. Prerequisite(s): CE 309 CE 402—Structural Mechanics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CE 327—Reinforced Concrete Design Advanced topics in solid mechanics used in fields of structural engineering and in general
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
stress analysis; unsymmetrical bending, shear centers, curved beams, rings, torsion of noncir-
Design of reinforced concrete members by ultimate strength methods. Computer applica- cular cross sections, elastic stability, lateral buckling, and failure criteria. Prerequisite(s): a C or
tions. Prerequisite(s): CE 301. better in CE 301.

CE 330—Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, and CE 403—Foundations

Electrical Circuits Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Subsurface investigation and the determination of in-situ soil properties. Analysis and de-
sign of shallow and deep foundations. Determination of lateral earth pressures and the design
Course will cover three areas outside of civil engineering to include thermodynamics, heat
of retaining structures. Prerequisite(s): CE 310.
transfer, and electrical circuits. Prerequisite(s): PY 160

CE 333—Transportation Engineering CE 404—Advanced Mechanics of Fluids

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
General analytical relationships in three dimensions using vector analysis. Two-dimensional
An overview of highway transportation systems and their relationship to the growth of
potential flow theory including the development of continuity, vorticity, irrotationality, stream
urban metropolitan areas. The course explores the basic characteristics of highway design and
function, velocity potential, and momentum and energy theorems. Prerequisite(s): CE 309 or
operation and the engineering analysis of highway projects. Prerequisite(s): CE 121.
permission of the instructor.

100
strategies for specific air pollution problems and clearly present in writing and by presentation
CE 405—Wood Engineering proposed solutions to air pollution control problems. Prerequisite(s): CE 321
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3

This course will provide students with a basic understanding of the production and use of CE 419—Global Water and Sanitation
wood as a building material and teach students to analyze, design, and fabricate wood structur- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
al elements. The course includes coverage of dimensional lumber, manufactured lumber loads,
Global Water and Sanitation Design uses hands-on application of rudimentary field design
heavy timber, and the appropriate connection methods. Lab classes are hands on exercises
and construction techniques for the implementation of basic environmental necessities in
including such topics as sawmill operation, destructive testing of wooden connections, and
developing communities and the enhancement of overall quality of human life. The course
timber frame fabrication. A semester design project integrates the various course topics into
explores the role of the environmental engineer, and specifically the average human being in
one overall exercise. Prerequisite(s): CE 301.
worldwide public health and seeks to promote an awareness of communities lacking access
to basic human rights such as clean drinking water and adequate sanitation. Prerequisite(s): CE
CE 408—Hydraulic Engineering 309 & CE 321
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Occurrence and movement of groundwater in porous and fractured soils, and the transport CE 423—Structural Steel Design
and fate of contaminants released to these soils; design problems for dams, spillways, and Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
gates; analysis of hydraulics problems associated with the design of civil engineering struc-
Structural steel design: beams, columns, trusses, frames, and connections using design
tures. Application of electronic computers. Prerequisite(s): CE 322.
codes and specifications. Prerequisite(s): a C or better in CE 301.

CE 412—Environmental Engineering Chemistry CE 428—Topics in Structural Design

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Overview of basic physical, equilibrium, biological, and organic chemistry principles and
Analysis and design of structural systems in reinforced concrete, pre-stressed concrete,
applications for environmental engineering. Emphasis on chemical properties and reactions
steel, aluminum, or timber. Computer applications. Prerequisite(s): a C or better in CE 301.
that influence the characteristics and treatment of wastes and chemically contaminated water,
soil, and air.
CE 429—Advanced Structural Theory
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CE 415—Environmental Engineering Unit Process Design
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3 Analysis of structures by the matrix force and displacement methods. Use of digital comput-
ers in structural analysis. Prerequisite(s): a C or better in CE 301.
Design and analysis of biological, physical, and chemical processes for treatment of liquid
and solid municipal and industrial wastes. Design and analysis of air pollution control technolo-
gies. Practical applications are emphasized. Prerequisite(s): CE 321.
CE 436—Transportation Planning and Design
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

CE 416—Fundamentals of Engineering An overview of the highway transportation modeling process and the relationship of acces-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 sibility and urban development highway designs. A special emphasis is placed on intersection
planning and design. Field data collecting methods are performed and microscopic transpor-
An introduction to engineering topics not specifically covered in the CEE curriculum
tation modeling packages are utilized to evaluate and analyze intersections. Prerequisite(s):
including: dynamics, thermodynamics, electrical theory, and engineering economics. Review
CE 333.
of topics deemed required for professional engineering registration. Prerequisite(s): First class
standing or permission of instructor.
CE 437—Construction Methods and Management
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CE 417X—Infrastructures
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Applications of civil engineering principles to realistic construction projects using a team
approach. Topics include: earth moving operations, dewatering, rock excavation, concrete
All organized societies use infrastructures to deliver services essential to the functioning of
and asphalt production, concrete formwork design, heavy equipment production, trenchless
that society, including food, energy, and water. When these services fail, society begins to dis-
technology, compressed air systems, construction planning, and safety. Prerequisite(s): CE 350.
integrate. This course provides cadets with an understanding of how and why infrastructures
function; how societies develop and support infrastructures, and the relationships between
infrastructures and the societies they serve. As 21 st century societies cannot exist without
CE 443—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3
these complex, inter—and intra-dependent infrastructures, understanding them and their
relationship to society is and essential skill for leaders, managers, and citizens. Civilizations & For cadets engaged in research projects under faculty supervision. Prerequisite(s):
Cultures Course. Permission of department head and faculty research adviser.

CE 418—Air Resources Engineering CE 448—Civil Engineering Design Capstone

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The objective of this course is to understand the major principles and problems associated Application of civil engineering principles to comprehensive engineering problems.
with air pollution. We will explore air pollutant effects, sources, and control strategies. After Planning and design of realistic projects. Prerequisite(s): First class standing or permission
completing this course, you should be able to recognize major legislation governing air pollu- of instructor.
tion, estimate air emissions from different sources, use computer modeling and/or hand cal-
culations to predict pollutant concentrations near an air pollution source, recommend control

101
CE 451W—Civil Engineering Seminar CE 470—Topics in Civil Engineering
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Seminars on topics of professional interest. Prerequisite(s): First class standing or permission Special topics in civil engineering and related areas as suggested by members of the
of instructor. Note: Writing Intensive Course (W) faculty or cadets. Subject and content announced before the semester begins. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of instructor. When Offered: Not necessarily offered each year.
CE 461—Independent Summer Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3 CE 471—Topics in Civil Engineering
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Offered in the summer session to cadets engaged in research projects under faculty
supervision. Credits may be substituted for appropriate civil engineering courses offered in the Special topics in civil engineering and related areas as suggested by members of the
regular session. Prerequisite(s): Permission of department head and faculty research adviser. faculty or cadets. Subject and content announced before the semester begins. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of instructor. When Offered: Not necessarily offered each year.

Computer and Information Sciences

Department of Computer and Information Sciences
Department Head: Col. Eltoweissy

Requirements for a degree in computer and information sciences are specified in

Computer Science, B.S.
CIS 112L—Laboratory for Programming II
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1

CIS 101—Introduction to Computer Science This course provides hands-on practical experience for topics taught in the associated
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 course, CIS 112—Programming II. Cadets will design and implement solutions to several prob-
lems and fundamental algorithms discussed in CIS 112 using the Java programming language.
This course is an introductory survey of the scope of computer and information sciences.
Prerequisite(s): CIS 111 with a minimum grade of C. Corequisite(s): CIS 112
This course provides an exposure and a foundation from which cadets can appreciate the
relevance and interrelationships of future courses. This course and the text follow a bottom-up
arrangement of subjects from the concrete to the abstract. The course begins a discussion
CIS 131—Introduction to Information Science
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
of techniques to analyze information needs. Next, we study basics of information encoding
and computer architecture, and move on to the study of operating systems and computer Information systems are an integral part of all business activities and careers. This course is
networks. After that, we investigate the topics of algorithms, databases, programming, data designed to introduce students to contemporary information systems and demonstrate how
structures, software development, human computer interaction, and computer graphics. We these systems are used throughout global organizations. The focus of this course will be on the
conclude with a brief overview of the history of information technology. Includes unit on ethics key components of information systems—people, software, hardware, data, and communi-
and professionalism in computer science. cation technologies, and how these components can be integrated and managed to create
competitive advantage. Through the knowledge of how IS provides a competitive advantage
CIS 111—Programming I students will gain an understanding of how information is used in organizations and how IT
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 enables improvement in quality, speed, and agility. This course also provides an introduction to
systems and development concepts, technology acquisition, and various types of application
An introduction to fundamental data types and programming concepts using a modern
software that have become prevalent or are emerging in modern organizations and society.
algorithmic language. Emphasis is on programming style, documentation, and implementation
Note: Course is equated to CIS-253 and cannot be taken for additional credit.
of standard elementary algorithms and data structures. Note: Course is equated to CS-121 and
cannot be taken for additional credit. Corequisite(s): CIS 111L
CIS 201—Computer Architecture and Organization
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CIS 111L—Laboratory for Programming I
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 This course aims to provide a foundation for students to understand architecture of
computer systems and to apply these insights and principles to computer design. In this course,
This course provides hands-on practical experience for topics taught in the associated
cadets learn the primary building blocks of computing systems including logical and arithmetic
course, CIS 111—Programming I. Cadets will design and implement solutions to several prob-
operations, instructions, memory hierarchy, pipelining, interfaces between hardware and
lems and fundamental algorithms discussed in CIS 111 using the Java programming language.
software. Upon the understanding of the system architecture, cadets will study the process of
Corequisite(s): CIS 111
system organization. Prerequisite(s): CIS 101, CIS 112, and CIS 112L. Please Note: Classes prior to
the Class of 2022 are not required to take CIS 112L as a prerequisite.
CIS 112—Programming II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CIS 211—Internet and Mobile Programming
Program design methods, encapsulation, program maintenance. Run-time behavior and ef- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ficiency. Real-time considerations and recovery techniques. Large-scale programming, group
A survey of contemporary software tools, languages and techniques for Web applica-
management, testing. Language ambiguities and insecurities, subset and superset languages.
tion development. Software design, interface design, and use of current technologies in
Note: Course is equated to CS-122 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS
developing client-side and server-side web applications. Technologies include HTML and
111 and CIS 111L with a minimum grade of C. Corequisite(s): CIS 112L
XHTML, CSS, Development using widely-used scripting languages such as JavaScript and Perl,

102
and XML / XSL. Note: Course is equated to CIS-311 and cannot be taken for additional credit.
Prerequisite(s): CIS 112 and CIS 112L with a minimum grade of C
CIS 310—Computational Thinking and Programming
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

CIS 231WX—IT:Past, Present, and Future An introduction to programming concepts and fundamental data types in one or more pro-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 gramming languages. Choice of language(s) varies with current software development trends.
Note: Course is equated to CS-340 and EE-240 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Note:
Civilization and Cultures course with e-portfolio and reflective essay requirements that
Not intended for CIS majors or minors.
allow cadets to explore the science, engineering and origins of information technology and its
effects on societies over millennia. Driven by documentary videos, web—based multimedia and
small group/full class discussions cadets will be exposed to developments and societal impacts
CIS 312W—Software Engineering
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
of information technology from early Middle Eastern Civilizations’ oral traditions and writing
forms to the invention of the 15th century printing press to 19th century railroads, telegraph and The software development process and life cycle: design and implementation, documenta-
telephone to 21 st century 3D television, blogs, social networks, and the twenty four hour news tion and maintenance, verification and validation, CASE tools, and project management. Social
cycle. Note: Course is equated to CIS-270WX and cannot be taken for additional credit. Note: and ethical issues faced by the computing professional. Course includes a collaborative team
Writing Intensive (W) and Civilizations & Cultures Course (X). project with oral and written presentations. Note: Course is equated to CIS-351W and cannot
be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 211 with a minimum grade of C. Note: Writing
CIS 241—Discrete Structures Intensive Course (W)
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course is designed to provide an introduction to discrete mathematics needed by

CIS 313—Data Structures and Applications
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
computer science students. Topics covered include number properties, set theory, Boolean
algebra, digital circuits, functions and relations, counting, probability, number theory, graph This course is designed to provide individuals with a complete introduction to data
theory, cryptography, and theory of voting. Note: Course is equated to CS-271 and cannot be Structures and Algorithms concepts. Topics include Object-Oriented Programming,
taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): MA 101 & MA 102, or MA 105 & MA 106, or MA 123 & Algorithmic Analysis, Recursion, Array-based Sequences, Stacks, Queues, Deques, Linked Lists,
MA 124 Trees, Priority Queues, Maps, Hash Tables, Skip Lists, Search Trees, Sorting and Selection, Text
Processing, Graphic Algorithms, Memory Management, and B-Trees. Note: Course is equated
CIS 301—Networking to CIS-415 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 112 and CIS 112L with a
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 minumum grade of C

An intermediate level course discussing the background and history of networking and the
Internet, network standards, OSI 7-layer model, TCP/IP, web technologies, and network securi-
CIS 322—Database Management Systems
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ty. Note: Course is equated to CIS-321 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s):
CIS 201 with a minimum grade of C. Corequisite(s): CIS 301L Introduces database management systems with emphasis on the relational model. Database
system architecture, storage structures, access methods, relational model theory, security and
CIS 301L—Networking Lab integrity, locking, query optimization, and database and retrieval systems design and includes
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 team project experience with a SQL-type relational system. Note: Course is equated to CIS-341
and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 112 & CIS 112L with a minimum
Associated with CIS 301. It focuses on hands-on experimental projects covering the TCP/
grade of C
IP stack from Application to Data Link. Tools like Wireshark, Snort and TCPdump will be
used. Experiments with physical routers and other networking devices are also included.
Corequisite(s): CIS 301
CIS 330—Programming in Languages
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

CIS 302—Modern Operating Systems A follow-on course to the CIS 111 and CIS 112 sequence. Practice and projects in coding
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 appropriate problems in various programming languages. Desktop/laptop as well as mobile
device projects and various Language exposure varies with modern trends.
This course is designed to provide core concepts of computer architecture and operating
systems including Instruction set architectures; Pipelined datapaths; Tradeoffs between
performance and cost; Memory hierarchy, memory management, and protection; Processes
CIS 331—Human Computer Interaction
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and threads; CPU scheduling and concurrency control; File system and associated techniques.
Note: Course is equated to CIS-405 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): An introduction to theories and methods for developing and analyzing human-computer in-
CIS 201 and CIS 313 with a minimum grade of C teractions. Students will be introduced to the use of graphic, audio, and haptic tools for design
and implementation of computer interfaces. The course philosophy is user-centered design.
CIS 303—Computer & Information Security Emphasis is on cognitive factors including information load and learning imposed on users,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 and modeling user behavior. Application of techniques to both web-based and more traditional
user interfaces by implementing a prototype team project. Note: Course is equated to CS-346
This course presents a broad overview of the field of computer security. It covers the basic
and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 112, CIS 112L, and CIS 131 with a
concepts in computer security including software vulnerability analysis and defense, net-
minimum grade of C Note: This course cannot be taken in conjunction with CS 346.
working and wireless security, applied cryptography, authentication, access control, as well as
ethical, legal, social and economic facets of security. The course also explores tools for ethical
hacking and intrusion prevention and detection. Students will work in teams to establish closed
CIS 342—Data Analytics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
networks and investigate network attack and defense techniques. Note: Course is equated to
CIS-423 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 301 and CIS 301L with a Recently, rapid developments in data collection and storage technologies have led to the
minimum grade of C generation of many “big” data sets. Data mining has evolved from the disciplines of statistics

103
and artificial intelligence and is becoming a rapidly growing field to develop techniques for
automatic discovery of interesting patterns and relationships in the “big data”. This course will
CIS 421—Database Design and Development
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
provide an introduction to the topic of data mining, and some statistical principles underlying
its key methods. Topics covered will include data preprocessing, classification, clustering, This course covers SQL queries and database modeling and design emphasizing the rela-
dimensionality reduction, association, correlations, and pattern recognition. Students will tional model. By the end of this course, students will be able to design relational databases by
practice statistical data analysis using R programming language, which is a strongly functional applying fundamentals of database modeling, develop databases based on database designs,
language and environment enabling statistical exploration and graphical displays of data and manipulate data using SQL queries. Prerequisite(s): CIS 322—Database Management
sets. Note: Cannot take if CIS 441 has already been taken. Prerequisite(s): CIS 322—Database Systems with a minimum grade of C
Management Systems with a minimum grade of C Note: Cannot take if CIS 441 has already
been taken. CIS 422—Information Retrieval
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CIS 390—Pre-Capstone This course will cover traditional material, as well as recent advances in Information
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Retrieval (IR), the study of indexing, processing, and querying textual data. Basic retrieval mod-
An undergraduate preparation for research experience in CIS under the tutelage of a mem- els, algorithms, and IR system implementations will be covered. The course will also address
ber of the CIS faculty. Projects are agreed to by cadet and faculty member and culminate with more advanced topics in “intelligent” IR, including Natural Language Processing techniques,
an oral presentation and /paper as determined by the faculty member. This course provides an and “smart” Web agents. Note: Course is equated to CIS-443 and cannot be taken for additional
introduction to CIS research techniques and provides an opportunity to begin the basic review credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 322 with a minimum grade of C
of materials needed to complete the CIS 490 capstone experience. Prerequisite(s): 45 credit
hours in the major and Second Class standing. CIS 424—Artificial Intelligence
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0
CIS 401—Advanced Network Security Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course is designed to provide individuals with a complete introduction to artificial intel-
Continuation of CIS 303 with emphasis on current attack and defense strategies for systems ligence concepts. Topics covered include software agent design, informed search, heuristics,
and the legal framework implemented and proposed for criminalization of system intrusions adversarial search, constraint satisfaction, inference (logical and probabilistic), knowledge rep-
worldwide and rights management. Note: Course is equated to CIS-426 and cannot be taken for resentation, game playing, planning, machine learning, philosophy, and ethics. Prerequisite(s):
additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 303 with a minimum grade of C CIS 313—Data Structures and Applications with a minimum grade of C

CIS 402—Computer Forensics CIS 431—Information Organization & Management

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Course introduces the discovery, preservation, and recovery of digital information from This course introduces students to the theory, principles, standards, and methods of
electronic devices for executing computer forensics tasks. Included are the hardware, soft- information organization. Through lectures, discussions and hands-on practice students
ware, technical tools, and legal issues involved with collecting digital data from standalone as learn to provide intellectual and physical access to information objects. Topics covered
well as networked machines used to protect systems, for courtroom evidence presentation, include information architecture, user information needs and behaviors, tools for information
and in crime fighting and anti-terrorist activities. Course discusses basic computer crime access, principles of information representation, metadata schemas, controlled vocabulary,
legislation and agencies with laboratory exercises emphasizing training for practical use of classification, taxonomy, encoding standards, bibliographic networks, rights management
appropriate software and hardware. Note: Course is equated to CIS-425 and cannot be taken and associated legal infrastructures for privacy protection, applications of technologies in
for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 303 with a minimum grade of C information organization, and design of information systems to facilitate access and retrieval.
Note: Course is equated to CIS-355 and cannot be taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s):
CIS 411—Web Development CIS 322 with a minimum grade of C
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Continues the web development procedures introduced in CIS 311 . Projects emphasize
CIS 432—Computer Vision
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
in depth use of contemporary software tools, languages and techniques for Web application
development. Software design, interface design, and use of current technologies in developing Computer vision utilizes computer algorithms to complete visual tasks. The visual tasks
client-side and server-side as well as Peer-to-peer web applications. include self-driving vehicle navigation, robot navigation, facial recognition, medical imaging
Prerequisite(s): CIS 311 analysis, and mechanical, chemical, and biological materials characterization. Visual tasks such
as image filtering, image segmentation, recognition, and tracking, image encryption and de-
CIS 412—Mobile Programming cryption are interesting and heavily explored in computer vision. Topics to be covered include
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 image filtering and feature description, image segmentation, classification, recognition, and
tracking, image deep learning, and image encryption and decryption. Prerequisite(s): CIS 331—
Continues the web development procedures introduced in CIS 211. Projects emphasize in
Human Computer Interaction with a minimum grade of C
depth use of contemporary software tools, languages and techniques for mobile application
development and mobile operating systems. Software design, interface design, and use of cur-
rent technologies in developing mobile apps. Note: Course is equated to CIS-413 and cannot be
CIS 433—Usability Analysis
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
taken for additional credit. Prerequisite(s): CIS 211—Internet and Mobile Programming
This course covers the conceptual frameworks and applied methodologies for user-cen-
tered design and user experience research. Emphasis is placed on learning and practicing a
variety of usability research methods/techniques such as scenario development, user profiling,
tasks analysis, contextual inquiry, card sorting, usability tests, log data analysis, expert inspec-
tion and heuristic evaluation. Rather than a Web or interface design course, this is a research

104
and evaluation course on usability and user experience with the assumption that the results covered include algorithm design techniques, sorting techniques, graph algorithms, text pro-
of user and usability research would feed directly into various stages of the interface design cessing, and an introduction to the theory of NP-completeness. Prerequisite(s): CIS 313—Data
cycle. Assignments include usability methods plan, user persona development, scenario and Structures and Applications with a minimum grade of C
task modeling, card sorting, usability testing project, with talk-along protocols, sense-making
scenario creation, and video analysis for product improvement. Prerequisite(s): CIS 331 CIS 460-469—Independent Study
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
CIS 434—Bioinformatics Working with a professor, students pursue independent reading, research, and/or technical
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
projects that build on previous coursework in the major.
This course will introduce the fundamental theories and practices of Bioinformatics and
Computational Biology to the cadets. The course will focus the basic knowledge in the field, CIS 490—Capstone
methods of high-throughput data generation, accessing public genome-related information Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and data, and tools for data mining and analysis. Basic concept of probability will also be
An undergraduate research experience in CIS under the tutelage of a member of the CIS
introduced to help cadets understand the significance of results. Cadets will gain practical
faculty. Projects are agreed to by cadet and faculty member and culminate with an oral presen-
experience with bioinformatics tools and develop basic skills in the collection and presentation
tation and paper as determined by the faculty member. The paper will normally include a state-
of bioinformatics data, as well as the basic programming in a scripting language. Prerequisite(s):
of-the-art review of a theoretical or applied problem and an implementation, modification, or
CIS 342 with a minimum grade of C
enhancement to our current knowledge. Prerequisite(s): CIS 390 with a minimum grade of C

CIS 442—Design and Analysis of Algorithms

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course introduces the students to the design and analysis of algorithms. Emphasis is on
the efficient design and rigorous analysis of the asymptotic performance of algorithms. Topics

Economics
Department of Economics and Business
Department Head: Col. West

Requirements for a major in economics and business are specified in Economics

and Business.
EC 300—Intermediate Microeconomics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Note: For all economics and business majors, the following courses must be com-
pleted with a grade of C or higher: MA 125, MA 126; ERH 101, ERH 102; EC 201, EC 202, EC Analysis of consumer behavior, demand, producer behavior, supply, and exchange in
300, EC 303, EC 304, EC 330; BU 210, BU 211, BU 220, BU 230, BU 310, BU 316, BU 330, BU markets leading to discussions on the role of market structure in pricing strategies as well as
339, BU 440. In addition, a minimum grade point average of at least a C must be earned strategic decisions by firms about production, pricing, and investment. This course is calculus
in all department courses. based. Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202 and MA 125 & MA 126 (or equivalent) all with grade of C
or higher.
EC 201—Principles of Microeconomics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 EC 303—Statistics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Principles of Microeconomics is an introduction to the study and critical analysis of the pro-
cess by which individuals, firms and governments make choices and decisions as they allocate A study of the basic ideas of descriptive statistics, probability, probability distributions, and
scarce resources. You will learn what a market is, how markets shape the world around us, how statistical inference. Emphasis is placed on the application of statistical theory to economic and
they work and how they fail, and how governments can make markets less or more efficient. business issues. Prerequisite(s): MA 125 and MA 126 (or equivalent) all with grade of C or higher.

EC 202—Principles of Macroeconomics EC 304—Econometrics

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The Principles of Macroeconomics is the analytical study of what makes an economy grow A study of the application of economic theory, mathematics, and statistical inference as ap-
in the short-run and in the long-run. We study the indicators of growth, the factors that deter- plied to the analysis of economic phenomena. Heavy emphasis is placed on the use of simple
mine growth and the role of government in growth. and multiple regression and the violation of the classical assumptions. Prerequisite(s): EC 303
with grade of C or higher.
EC 220X—The Global Economy
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 EC 306—International Economics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An introduction to issues related to the increasingly global nature of the economy and how
globalization impacts countries economically, politically, and culturally. Topics may include: This course uses the standard tools of economic analysis. However, since it deals with in-
the economic impacts of trade liberalization, foreign direct investment, and global financial teraction between sovereign states, it also focuses on government policies and examines their
investment; the impact of trade on non-economic concerns such as social issues, the environ- effect. The object of the course is, therefore, to familiarize you with some of the key economic
ment or politics; and the roles of international institutions such as World Bank, International models that can be used to analyze international trade-related and macroeconomic issues.
Monetary Fund, and World Trade Organization. Prerequisite(s): None. Civilization & Cultures (X). We will examine various theories of trade, welfare implications of different trade policies; the

105
political economy of trade policies; global trading arrangements, including GATT and WTO; factors affecting long-run growth. Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202, and MA 125 and MA 126, (or
the relationship between trade and various social and political issues. Some questions that we equivalent) all with a grade of C or higher.
will seek to answer are: Why do countries trade? Why do countries use or abuse trade policy? Is
trade always beneficial? We will also discuss exchange rates, different exchange rate regimes EC 340—Entrepreneurship
and international macroeconomic policy. Note: Free elective for ECBU majors. Prerequisite(s): Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
EC 201-EC 202.
Entrepreneurship is the processes and attitudes that result in organizational innovation, as
the confluence of opportunities and ideas. Traditionally, the study of entrepreneurship focused
EC 307—International Finance on small and family businesses. However, large organizations have discovered the competitive
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
necessity of flexibility and creativity, functioning as if they were small. EC 340 is integrative and
This course studies the theory and principles of the macroeconomic issues of international applicative, utilizing concepts from core courses in business and economics. Prerequisite(s): BU
economics. In this class, we will investigate how a nation’s monetary and fiscal policies are 220 or permission of instructor.
affected by the openness of its economy. The objective of this class is for you to understand,
apply and analyze the implications of the following issues for the country’s economic well-be- EC 401—Developmental Economics
ing: 1) the state of the country’s balance of payments, 2) the theory of foreign exchange mar- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
kets, 3) the different exchange rate policies, and 4) open economy macroeconomic models.
The study of the macroeconomic and microeconomic theories relating to issues affecting
Prerequisite(s): EC 201 and EC 202 with a C or higher or permission of instructor.
less developed countries with an emphasis on the role of government and market institu-
tions. Macroeconomics topics may include: income distribution, economic growth, inflation,
EC 308—International Trade currencies, and international debt. Microeconomic topics may include: rural-urban migration
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and wage gaps, unemployment, tenancy, and credit markets. This is a calculus based course.
Economic and political interaction among nations has grown tremendously over the last Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202.
several decades and continues today. Virtually no country can escape the fact that it is part of a
larger world community. News reports every day are filled with examples of international trade. EC 403—Public Finance
Recent examples include: disputes between the World Trade Organization, the imbalance of Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
trade between the U.S. and some of its trade partners and the desire to coordinate macroeco-
Examination of the revenue, expenditure and credit policies and practices of the Federal
nomic policies, the immigration of labor into the U.S. and the international flow of capital, the
Government, and of the principles of taxation and fiscal administration. Consideration of
relocation of production facilities to overseas sites (offshoring), the production of merchandise
selected topics in state and local finance. Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202.
in low-wage countries, and coordination issues in the European Economic and Monetary
Union. The class starts from the positive view that free trade improves the welfare of both trad-
ing partners under a restrictive set of assumptions, and proceeds to demonstrate how relaxing
EC 405—Money and Banking
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
those assumptions does not change the basic result. Prerequisite(s): EC 201 and EC 202 with a
minimum grade of C. EC 300 is recommended. This course describes and analyzes the role of money, commercial banks, nonbank financial
institutions, central banks, and financial markets in a modern financial economy. The focus
EC 313X—The Economics of Transition and Institutional on financial institutions and markets is three-fold, namely 1) fostering real economic activity

Development of the New EU Member States in the goods and services markets, 2) contributing to the efficiency of the financial economy,
and 3) serving as a channel for implementing monetary policy. An international perspective is
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
provided with emphasis on the United States (U.S. dollar) and European Monetary Union (Euro)
This course will explore the role of history, geography, and institutions in the economic and their respective monetary frameworks. Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202.
development of new European member states in Central and Eastern Europe, with particular
emphasis on Slovenia and Hungary. The course will focus on understanding the transition from EC 407—U.S. Economic History
central planning to market economy, on the accession to the European Union, and on current Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
developments such as the refugee crisis and the 2016 UK referendum on EU membership and
This course is the study of the development of the U.S. economy from the colonial period
its implications for the European Union. Note: Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
to the present. Emphasis will be placed on the major economic events that have shaped our
history. Topics will include the economics of the revolution, westward expansion, slavery,
EC 322—Engineering Economy the railroads, the industrial revolution, population growth and urbanization, the rise of
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2
big business, the Great Depression, and the intervention of government in the economy.
A study of economic analysis for engineering students. Topics include present value, cost Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202.
(cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness), depreciation, cash flow, break-even, equivalence, and
replacement. Note: Credit for EC 322 will not be given to EC/BU majors/minors. EC 408—Development of Economic Thought
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
EC 330—Intermediate Macroeconomics A study of the evolution of economic analysis from the time of Aristotle to the present.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Emphasis is placed on how economic theory evolved, how it was influenced by events, and
Intermediate Macroeconomics is the analytical study of the theory of the determination how the early philosophers contributed to its evolution. A comparison with present day ortho-
of output, interest rates and inflation in national and global economies. The tools developed dox theory is made throughout the course. Prerequisite(s): EC 300 and EC 330 or permission
in this course are critically applied to the understanding of national economic policy issues. of instructor.
The objective of this class is an understanding of the following: The macroeconomy and
measurements of its performance and stability; the theory of aggregate demand, aggregate
supply, and macroeconomic equilibrium; the theory of money demand, money supply, interest
rates, and the banking system; how the tools of fiscal and monetary policy operate and the

106
EC 409—Labor Economics EC 418—Public Choice
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An economic analysis of the behavior of, and relationship between, employers and Public Choice analyses issues in political science and the policy process through the lens of
employees. Coverage includes both the theoretical and empirical evidence relating to the neoclassical economic principles and methodology. Instead of teaching how politics actually
demand for labor, the supply of labor, the human capital model, labor market discrimination, works and why. At the core of it, Public Choice analyses the role of government in the economy
and special topics such as migration, family economics, and life-cycle aspects of labor supply. and the problems of collective decision making. Thematically, issues covered in class include
Prerequisite(s): EC 300, or permission of instructor. the role and function of government and governmental decision making; the intersection
between public and private interests; the connection between voters, politicians, and the
EC 410—Government and Business economy; and the effect and evolution of governmental institutions. Prerequisite(s): EC 201, EC
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 202 and EC 303 (minimum grade of C).

A study of the development of government control of the private economy; pub-

lic utility regulation; antitrust legislation and enforcement; the activities of the Federal
EC 420—Behavioral Economics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Trade Commission; and recent steps in the area of consumer information and protection.
Prerequisite(s): EC 201-EC 202, or permission of instructor. Behavioral Economics is a relatively new field in Economics that incorporates social and
cognitive psychology into economic thinking and modeling. This field has recently gained
EC 411—African Business and Entrepreneurship—Ghana attention and momentum as people realized that a better understanding of human behavior
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 can help economists better understand economic choices and processes. Prerequisite(s): EC
300 or permission of instructor.
This course concerns various aspects of the entrepreneurial and international business
process such as opportuni0ity recognition, opportunity evaluation and opportunity modeling.
Prerequisite(s): EC 201 is required only for ECBU majors who wish for this to count as an EC
EC 421—Quantitative Applications in Econ & Business
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Elective. Students not meeting this requirement can still participate in the program but the
credits will be for a Free Elective. Quantitative decision models are an aid to decision makers in economics and in the func-
tional business domains of finance, operations, and marketing. Several quantitative modeling
EC 412—Managerial Economics techniques are introduced in this course, including linear programming, nonlinear optimiza-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 tion, decision trees, simulation, and queuing models. Solution techniques using spreadsheets
and add-in software are emphasized. Applications to economics include determining optimal
The application of economic theory to the decision-making process within a firm and
pricing and production strategies under uncertainty. Prerequisite(s): BU 339 and BU 310 with a
to a wide range of related problems. A pragmatic approach to decision making, using basic
grade of C or better, or permission of instructor.
economic analyses such as optimizing techniques, cost analysis, capital budgeting, demand
estimation, pricing strategies, risk analysis, and production theory. Prerequisite(s): EC 201 and
EC 202 with grade of C or higher.
EC 422—Industrial Organization
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

EC 413—Entrepreneurship Practicum Microeconomics-based theories of transaction costs, game theory, and information theory
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 to explain the structure of firms and markets and their interactions. While the traditional
Structure-Conduct-Performance analysis is used as a general framework, the analyses include,
This overlaps with the first two and involves actual field experiences in terms of identifying
but go beyond the idealized markets presented in introductory microeconomics and take a
and evaluating opportunities and building the appropriate business or marketing models
closer look at why firms and markets have evolved into what we observe today. Consider this
around those opportunities. Cadets will have two main deliverables. The first is a consulting
course an “applied microeconomics” course. Prerequisite(s): EC 300 (completed or concurrent)
report on a pre-chosen primary project and a second report of a project from the opportunity
or permission of instructor.
portfolio built by the cadet while in Ghana. Corequisite(s): HI 401 and EC 411

EC 414—Applied Game Theory EC 425—Sports Economics

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course is designed to take an applied look at professional sports as a business. We
Learn to analyze sequential and simultaneous games while developing various equilibrium
will focus on empirical issues, while also exploring the theoretical solutions that have been
refinements. These concepts are then applied to specific classes of games e.g. the prisoner’s
proposed. We will cover topics that range from professional team sports and sports leagues (to
dilemma as well as real world applications such as bargaining, brinkmanship, firm strategy,
include competitive balance issues), the economics of sports broadcasting, player perfor-
and voting theory. Prerequisite(s): grade of C or better in EC 201 and EC 202 or permission
mance and labor relations, public financing for stadiums, and as well as the business dimension
of instructor.
of college sports. Prerequisite(s): EC 300 and EC 304

EC 415—Political Economy of Conflict EC 430—Financial Modeling

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course will apply the principles of economics and game theory to understanding the
An introduction to the concepts, methodologies, and applications of spreadsheet and
nature of conflict. This understanding will be used to motivate debate about the national secu-
simulation models in finance. Students will be required to use Excel, and commercial Excel
rity priorities of the US. Prerequisite(s): EC 201 and EC 202 with a grade of C or better.
add-in software packages, to design and build financial models for capital budgeting, portfolio
allocation, value at-risk, simulation of financial time series, and financial option valuation.
Prerequisite(s): BU 310 & BU 339 with a minimum grade of C.

107
credit program, cadets may earn 3 hours of academic credit per summer for either EC 480
EC 435WX—Institutions and Economic Development and EC 481 or BU 480 and BU 481, although no more than three hours can count towards
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
graduation. Prerequisite(s): a 2.8 GPA overall and in all economics courses, and permission of
This course will explore the determinants of institutions: how they evolve, and how they internship coordinator, the internship faculty adviser, and the department head.
affect economic development. Topics include: differences between common law and civil law
systems; the significance of a country’s colonial origin; the effects of religious beliefs; and the EC 481—Economics Internship
importance of trust in political institutions. Other topics include: the transplantation of formal Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
institutions vs. indigenous institutions; the effects of international aid on economic and institu-
Under the supervision of a department faculty adviser, cadets may earn up to three hours of
tional development; and the origins of corruption and why it is more prevalent in some cultures
academic credit as an economics elective in a summer internship of at least 8 weeks duration in
than in others. Note: Writing Intensive and Civilizations & Cultures Course Prerequisite(s): EC
a full-time position. Internships will normally be conducted with a private firm, a governmental
201 & EC 202 with EC 304 recommended.
agency, or a non-profit organization. Academic credit as a free elective may be awarded for
a second internship, under the provisions specified by the department head. Note: Upon the
EC 450—Topics in Economics completion of all the academic and employment requirements of the summer internship for
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
credit program, cadets may earn 3 hours of academic credit per summer for either EC 480 and
Selected topics in economics as suggested by members of the faculty and/or cadets. 481 or BU 480 and BU 481, although no more than three hours can count towards graduation.
Subject and content to be announced before the semester in which the course is to be taught. Prerequisite(s): a 2.8 GPA overall and in all economics courses, and permission of internship
Prerequisite(s): Permission of Instructor. When Offered: Offered as announced. coordinator, the internship faculty adviser, and the department head.

EC 451—Topics in Economics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Selected topics in economics as suggested by members of the faculty and/or cadets.

Subject and content to be announced before the semester in which the course is to be taught.
Prerequisite(s): Permission of Instructor. When Offered: Offered as announced.

EC 460—Independent Research in Economics

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

Independent research designed for cadets who desire to pursue a research interest in
economics under the direction of a faculty member. Prerequisite(s): An overall GPA of 2.7 and
permission of instructor and department head.

EC 461—Independent Research in Economics

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

EC 462—Honors Research in Economics

Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 2

EC 463—Honors Research in Economics

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1

Designed for cadets pursuing independent research under the direction of a faculty mem-
ber leading to departmental honors.
Prerequisite(s): A 3.2 GPA overall and in all courses in the major. Permission of instructor,
department honors committee, and the department head.

EC 480—Economics Internship
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Under the supervision of a department faculty adviser, cadets may earn up to three hours of
academic credit as an economics elective in a summer internship of at least 8 weeks duration in
a full-time position. Internships will normally be conducted with a private firm, a governmental
agency, or a non-profit organization. Academic credit as a free elective may be awarded for
a second internship, under the provisions specified by the department head. Note: Upon the
completion of all the academic and employment requirements of the summer internship for

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Electrical and Computer Engineering
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Department Head: Col. Addington

Requirements for a major in electrical and computer engineering are specified in

Electrical and Computer Engineering.
EE 142—C++ & Object Oriented Programming
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

EE 110—Introduction to Electrical & Introduction to C++, a language which supports the object oriented programming para-

Computer Engineering digm. The contributions of data abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism to
the reusability of code and programming in the large. Prerequisite(s): EE 140
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 2

An introduction to the study of the fields of electrical and computer engineering (ECE). EE 221—Discrete Mathematics
Cadets will learn practical skills as applied to the curriculum including problem solving, home- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
work format, laboratory practice, laboratory report formats, project development, and a brief
Introduction to discrete mathematics covering logic, sets, functions, algorithmic complex-
exposure to basic computer tools such as Microsoft Word, Excel, and Visio.
ity, basic matrix operations, mathematical reasoning and proof, permutations, combinations,
and discrete probability as well as graphs and trees.
EE 120—Computer Tools in Electrical And
Computer Engineering EE 223—Electrical Circuit Analysis
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 4

Computer Tools is a first semester introduction to designing, building, and analyzing elec- Electrical Circuit Analysis II, is the second course in a series designed to provide engineering
trical circuits with the aid of Matlab and Spice circuit simulation. Matlab will be used for basic majors the tools to analyze and design passive analog circuits. This course introduces capac-
scalar and matrix computations involving circuit behavior, graphical display of circuit variables, itors and inductors, and develops the natural and forced responses of first and second-order
and as a programming language. Spice will be used to analyze both static DC operating points circuits containing these elements. It introduces complex phasor notation in the context of
and time-varying circuit behavior. Concepts will be reinforced with physical circuits students sinusoidal steady-state analysis, and then further develops these concepts in the analysis of
will design, build, and analyze using lab equipment, Matlab and Spice. single and three-phase AC power. The laboratory portion of the course introduces the practical
skills of designing, building, and debugging physical circuits in the context of relevant contem-
EE 122—DC Circuits porary examples. It includes a major design 4-lab sequence in which cadets design and build a
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 project of their choice. Prerequisite(s): MA 124, C or better in EE 122.

Electrical Circuit Analysis I, introduces DC resistive circuit analysis with dependent and
independent current and voltage sources. Analysis methods include node voltage, mesh
EE 225—Electromagnetic Fields
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
current, Thevenin and Norton equivalents, and superposition. Other topics include maximum
power transfer, ideal op-amp behavior, and design with opamp building blocks. Familiarity with Electromagnetic fields is the first of two courses designed to provide the engineer with
Matlab and LTSpice is assumed. Note: ECE majors must complete this course with a grade of C the tools to analyze electric and magnetic fields. The course explores Maxwell’s equations for
or better. Prerequisite(s): MA 123; EE 110 and EE 120, or permission of the instructor. static systems. Electrostatics: fields in vacuum and material bodies, Coulomb’s law, Gauss’ law,
divergence theorem, Poisson’s and Laplace’s equations with solutions to elementary boundary
EE 129—Introduction to Digital Logic Circuits value problems. Magnetostatics: fields in vacuum and material bodies, Ampere’s law, Biot-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Savart’s law, Faraday’s law, and Stoke’s theorem. Prerequisite(s): MA 215.

Introduction to the fundamentals of combinational and sequential digital logic circuits.

Combinational logic topics include number systems and information representations, switch-
EE 228—Digital Systems Design
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
ing algebra, basic logic gates, and logic circuit minimization. Medium-scale functions such as
multiplexers, decoders, and adders are also covered. Sequential logic topics include latches Combinational and sequential building blocks are reviewed and used in conjunction with
and flip-flops, clocks, timing analysis, and metastability. Combinational logic and flip-flop register-transfer language (RTL) and hardware description languages to design complex digital
principles are used in conjunction with state concepts to analyze and synthesize sequential systems. Principles of modularity, hierarchical methods, controller/ datapath partitioning, and
machines. Medium-scale sequential functions such as registers, counters, and shift registers a top-down approach are considered in the design process. A hardware description language
are also covered. Emphasis is placed on the analysis and synthesis procedures used to design such as VHDL and programmable logic devices are used in the laboratory to implement digital
combinational and sequential logic systems. Note: ECE majors must complete this course with systems resulting from the aforementioned design process. Prerequisite(s): EE 129 with a
a grade of C or better. Prerequisite(s): EE 110 and EE 120, or permission of the instructor. minimum grade of C.

EE 140—C Programming EE 230—Signal and System Analysis

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to programming concepts and I/O, standard libraries, and common Signals and Systems introduces the Fourier and Laplace transforms as methods to model
data structures. and analyze continuous-time linear systems (primarily first and second-order circuits) in the
frequency domain. Parallels between the time and frequency domains are discussed, and
sampling and filter design issues are developed. The course makes extensive use of Matlab as

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a computational and visualization tool. In-class labs reinforce theory and develop hardware
skills. Prerequisite(s): EE 223 Corequisite(s): MA 311
EE 372—Electronic Communications
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

EE 255—Electronics Principles of electronic digital communications theory and systems including AM, PAM,
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 and PCM. Fourier analysis techniques are developed and broadly applied both in class and in
the supporting laboratory exercises. Various digital modulation techniques such as On-Off
Electronics is the first of two courses designed to provide the engineer with the tools to
Keying, Phase Shift Keying, Frequency Shift Keying, and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
analyze a circuit and to design a circuit in which diodes and transistors are major components.
are explored in both the classroom setting and in laboratory exercises. Also included are
Semiconductor theory: doped materials, diodes, bipolar junction transistors, and field-effect
introductions to: information theory, encoding theory, and noise. Trade-offs among signal
transistors. Analysis and design of small-signal single stage amplifiers and digital logic circuits.
power, noise and system bandwidth versus system channel capacity are thoroughly developed.
The laboratory portion will cover diode circuits, BJT/FET biasing schemes, and BJT/FET
Prerequisite(s): EE 230
small-signal amplifier configurations. Prerequisite(s): EE 223.

EE 328—Computer Architecture EE 376—Project Management

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Project and Program Management is a one-semester three-hour elective course (3-0-3).
An introduction to the architecture and design of digital computers. Topics include
An electrical and computer engineering project designed by individual students produces
instruction sets and assembly language programming, computer arithmetic, central processing
functional prototypes and/or software detailed in a final report. A group research project
units, pipelines, memory systems, input/output systems, and RISC and CISC concepts. Digital
is also conducted which culminates in a 10 page research paper and oral presentation. The
computers are modeled as complex digital systems to which digital systems design methods
research project is comprehensive coving all aspects of project and program management. The
can be applied. Prerequisite(s): EE 228.
course is based on project and program management, planning and control tools to include:
1) Individual Skills 2) Work Breakdown Structure and Work Packages 3) Gantt Chart 4) Cost
EE 339—Microcontrollers Accounting and 5) the Systems Engineering Processes.
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

Fundamentals of microprocessors and microcontrollers and their use in embedded systems. EE 381—Automatic Control Systems
Topics include basic architectures, address modes, memory and input/output interfacing, Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
interrupt-driven processing and C programming for embedded systems. Projects involving the
Properties of closed loop (feedback) control systems. Analysis of both analog systems (in
use of microcontrollers to solve embedded system design problems such as motor controls,
open and closed loop configurations) using: transfer functions, and Mason gain techniques.
display drivers, analog-to-digital conversion, etc. are integrated in both the laboratory
Modeling of electromechanical systems (translational and rotating). System design methods
and lectures.
using Bode plots, gain and phase margin. Root locus and designs to meet pole placement and
time response specifications are stressed. Knowledge of Laplace transforms and matrix algebra
EE 351—Electrical Circuits and Machines is expected. Prerequisite(s): EE 230, MA 311
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Analysis of D.C and A.C. electrical circuits. Element equations, Kirchhoff’s laws, network the- EE 400—Optoelectronics
orems, power, phasor techniques, 3-phase systems and transformers; introduction to rotating Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
machines. Prerequisite(s): MA 124. For non-electrical engineering students.
This course is comprised of three main sections: the conversion of optical energy to
electrical energy; the conversion of electrical energy to optical energy; and the transmission
EE 352—Electronic Devices of optical energy. Topics include energy band structures and mechanisms, photoconductors,
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
photoresistors, photodiodes, solar cells, light emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes (LDs), fiber
Fundamentals of solid-state devices, amplifier circuits, theory of electronic instruments, optics, and electroluminescence. Laboratory demonstrations involving multiple technologies
sensors, digital interfacing techniques, and an introduction to control systems. Laboratory will complement the lectures throughout the course.
used to demonstrate principles. Prerequisite(s): EE 351. For non-electrical engineering students.
EE 413—Microelectronics
EE 356—Electronic Applications and Interfacing Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
This course emphasizes microelectronic circuit design and fabrication, and stresses a
Electronic Applications and Interfacing is a continuation of EE 255 Electronics. Tools and familiarization with both established and emerging technologies including: thick/thin films, 3D
techniques taught in EE 255 are applied to the design of practical electronic circuits in the and multichip modules, nanotechnologies, printed circuit board technologies, surface mount
course of solving electronics and engineering problems. Operational amplifiers and their char- technologies, MEMs/NEMs, optoelectronics, biotechnologies, and advanced electronic materi-
acteristics are used to design linear and non-linear circuits to solve analog circuit problems. als, packaging, and interconnections. Laboratory experiments involving multiple technologies
The Barkhausen criteria are presented for the design of oscillators and waveform generation. will complement the lectures throughout the course.
Grounding and shielding, power supply decoupling, and the termination of transmission lines
to minimize the effects of external and internal noise sources are discussed. Power switching EE 418—Real Time Operating Systems
techniques including transistor switches, h-bridges, and pulse-width modulation are used Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
to interface transducers and various types of actuators. Power supply design is studied using
Mission-critical computer systems often have real-time constraints, where the system
linear regulation approaches and introductory switching methods. Digital-to-analog and
must respond to events within a bounded amount of time (for example, anti-lock brake
analog-to-digital conversions are also presented. Circuit simulation software is used through-
controllers and fly-by-wire systems). A real-time operating system (RTOS) must support and
out the course and typical circuit applications are designed, implemented, and tested in the
enable predictable system response time and latency. This course will examine the design of
laboratory. Prerequisite(s): EE 255
real-time operating systems, including topics such as deadlines, hard vs. soft real time systems,

110
scheduling algorithms, interrupt handling, inter-task communication and synchronization, and
memory allocation.
EE 445—Computer Networks
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

EE 420—Green Energy Power Conditioning Introduction to computer network fundamentals such as network architecture and Media
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 Access Control (MAC). The topics covered include: ALOHA networks, Carrier Sense Multiple
Access (CSMA) networks, CSMA Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) networks, CSMA with collision
Basic theory and operation of power conditioning required for green energy such as Solar
detection (CSMA/CD) networks, token passing networks, Ethernet networks, seven layer OSI
Photo Voltaic (SPV) and wind power are covered. Specifically DC-to-DC converters such as
model, IEEE network standards, wireless networks to include satellite networks, network media
buck, boost, buckboost, and four quadrant power conditioning are investigated. AC-to-DC
selection, and the fundamental components of the Internet. The ability to design a network to
power conditioning techniques are also covered along with DC-to-AC inverters. Analysis and
meet a throughput requirement is stressed. Prerequisite(s): MA 220.
design of power conditioning systems required for green energy applications which employ
some combination of DC-to-DC, AC-to-DC, and DC-to-AC power conditioning is stressed.
Prerequisite(s): EE 255.
EE 450—Biomedical Signal Processing and Biomechanics
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

EE 421X—Systems Design I This laboratory-intensive course is divided into modules covering two of the largest
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 branches of bioengineering: biosignal processing and the mechanical analysis of biostructures.
The first module introduces the Short-Time Fourier Transform and its application to speech
Part one of a capstone course in the methodologies and attributes of systems design. Topics
processing and synthesis. The two-dimensional Z-Transform and its application to filter and
include: the engineering design process, identification of needs, developing a requirements
enhance medical images are also covered. The second module has a brief treatment of statics
specification, generating and evaluating concepts, design tools, and professional skills such as
and continuum mechanics, then introduces three-dimensional solid modeling techniques, and
teamwork and project management. Particular emphasis is placed on system decomposition,
ties these together with the use of finite element solvers. Prerequisite(s): EE 431.
generating behavioral models and testing. Engineering ethics and engineering economy are
also represented. Teams of cadets initiate system design based on requirements defined by the
IEEE Student Hardware Contest rules. Note: Open to ECE majors only. Civilizations & Cultures
EE 455—Electrical/Mechanical Design
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
Course (X).
Engineering in practice often employs a hybrid of electrical and mechanical design skills.
EE 426—Semiconductor Devices This laboratory-intensive course takes students already proficient in analog design and micro-
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 controller programming, and in the first module ties these skills together with microcontroller
analog interfacing methods. The second module consists of a brief treatment of statics and
Topics include: overview of microelectronics fabrication processes; photolithography
continuum mechanics, and then introduces three-dimensional solid modeling, additive rapid
techniques; oxidation theory, processing and characterization; diffusion theory, processing,
prototyping, and stress analysis techniques. Students then demonstrate mastery of electrical
and characterization; film deposition techniques; interconnections and contacts in integrated
and mechanical design skills in the third module design project. Laboratory experiments
circuits; microelectronic packaging options; and MOS device process integration. The
involving microcontroller interfacing and computer-aided design complement the lectures.
laboratory portion of the course will focus on clean room protocol, and the use of semicon-
Prerequisite(s): EE 230, PY 161
ductor processing equipment in the fabrication and characterization of resistors, diodes, and
transistors on silicon wafers.
EE 460—Portable Power
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
EE 431—Digital Signal Processing
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 Microelectronics has enabled sophisticated electrically powered communications, sensing/
data acquisition, computing, entertainment and positioning systems that are portable. A major
Digital Signal Processing discusses the representation of discrete-time signals and systems
challenge is the lifetime, weight, reliability and resupply of the batteries powering these sys-
using time-domain methods such as convolution and frequency-domain methods including
tems. This course examines high-energy-density solutions capable of meeting these enhanced
the DTFT (Discrete Time Fourier Transform), the DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform), and the Z
requirements. A laboratory session examines systems efficiencies, energy conversion/storage
transform. Other topics include digital filter design and analysis, the impact of sampling in the
methods, high efficiency converters/regulators and testing metrics applied as feedback to a
time and frequency domains, and the design of anti-aliasing and reconstruction filters. The
systems engineering approach.
laboratory will emphasize practical considerations involved with the implementation of DSP
algorithms. MATLAB will be used for digital signal generation, plotting and the implementation
and analysis of DSP operations. Prerequisite(s): EE 230.
EE 469—ECE Internship for Credit
Lecture Hours: 0-3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0-3

EE 435—Fault Tolerant Computing Designed for students pursuing an internship for credit in ECE. Students must
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 meet eligibility, registration, and documentation requirements, as outlined in the VMI
Academic Regulations.
This course covers techniques for designing and analyzing fault tolerant digital systems.
The topics covered include fault models and effects, fault avoidance techniques, hardware
redundancy, error detection and correction, time redundancy, software redundancy, combina-
EE 471W—System Design Validation
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
torial reliability models. In addition, Markov reliability modeling, Markov availability modeling,
safety modeling, design trade-off analysis, and the testing of redundant digital systems will be Part two of a capstone course in the methodologies and attributes of systems design. The
covered. Prerequisite(s): MA 220. objective of this course is to complete and validate a system design satisfying requirements
defined by the IEEE Student Hardware Contest rules through a final evaluation occurring as a
multi-team competition. This course applies test and evaluation as feedback to conceptual,
logical and physical design steps of multiple subsystems and the integrated system. Once
implemented and tested, the system design is explored in a formal oral presentation to the
faculty accompanied by a formal written report. A reflective essay addresses lessons learned

111
from application of a complex systems engineering process that produces both a product and
management processes. Note: Writing Intensive Course (W) Prerequisite(s): EE 421X
EE 474—Selected Topics in Electrical and
Computer Engineering
EE 473—Selected Topics in Electrical and Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
Computer Engineering Special topics in electrical and computer engineering as suggested by members
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 of the faculty or cadets. Subject and content announced before the semester begins.
Topics will be determined upon adequate student interest. Prerequisite(s): Permission
Special topics in electrical and computer engineering as suggested by members
of the Instructor.
of the faculty or cadets. Subject and content announced before the semester begins.
Topics will be determined upon adequate student interest. Prerequisite(s): Permission
of the Instructor.
EE 491-496—Undergraduate Research in ECE
Lecture Hours: 0-1 Lab Hours: 0-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

Designed for students pursuing undergraduate research under the supervision of one or
more members of the ECE faculty. Approval of the instructor(s) and the ECE Department Head is
required. A final paper and/or presentation will be required at the end of the course, as deemed
appropriate by the instructor(s).

English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies

Department of English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies
Department Head: Col. Miller

Requirements for a major in English are specified in English, Rhetoric, and

Humanistic Studies.
ERH 103—Fundamentals of Public Speaking
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1
Note: A minimum grade of C in ERH 101 , WR 101, or EN 101 is a prerequisite for ERH
102 , and a minimum grade of C in ERH 102 , WR 102, or EN 102 is a prerequisite for all Emphasizing organization and delivery, this course introduces basic rhetorical theory and
200—and 300-level English, Rhetoric, and Humanistic Studies courses. All 400-level teaches cadets to consider audience, purpose, context, and occasion as both speakers and
courses have additional prerequisites, which are listed in the course descriptions or listeners. While there are no prerequisites, cadets are encouraged to complete ERH 102 with a
provided in registration materials. These prerequisites may be waived by the depart- minimum grade of C prior to taking ERH 103. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already
ment head if there is evidence that the cadet is well prepared for the 400-level course. taken SE 300.
200-level courses: These courses build on research-informed writing skills devel-
oped in ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II. Major writing assignments are typically 1000 ERH 201—Rhetorical Traditions I
words each, totaling at least 2000 words, and emphasizing close reading, synthesis of Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ideas, and guided use of sources.
An introduction to the early history of rhetoric, from the ancient Greeks to the Renaissance.
300-level courses: Intermediate courses stressing critical reading of more complex
Emphasis is placed on defining rhetoric and the ways in which ethical, religious, political,
works and research-informed writing. Major writing assignments are typically 1500
economic, and cultural beliefs and values shape its traditions, terms, and realms of influence.
words each, totaling at least 3000 words, and emphasizing analysis. Assignments
Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken WR 230 or WR 230W. Prerequisite(s):
require cadets to demonstrate some originality of thought.
ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
400-level courses: Advanced courses requiring more independent work, substantial
reading assignments, writing totaling 4000 words, and typically a major course project.
ERH 202—Rhetorical Traditions II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ERH 101—Writing and Rhetoric I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 A study of the development of rhetoric from the Enlightenment through postmodernism.
Emphasis is placed on defining rhetoric and the role it plays in everyday arguments, paying
This course introduces the essential principles of rhetoric, develops cadets’ ability to
particular attention to the conditions—political, economic, and cultural—that influence acts of
analyze complex texts rhetorically, and refines their writing strategies, paying special attention
communication through language. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum
to their critical reflection on their writing processes. Such essential practices as invention,
grade of C.
arrangement, and revision will be emphasized in their writing of expository essays. Minimum
grade of C required. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken WR 101.
ERH 203—Ways of Reading
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ERH 102—Writing and Rhetoric II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 A research-oriented introduction to theoretical frameworks for reading and analyzing
texts as cultural products, with an emphasis on interpreting the relationship between context
This course engages cadets in reading, thinking, and writing about contemporary civic is-
and meaning. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken EN 250 or EN 250W.
sues from a rhetorical perspective. Cadets learn to write persuasive essays for public audiences
Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, EN 102, or WR 102, with a minimum grade of C.
in which they ethically incorporate research from appropriate secondary sources, as well as to
critically reflect on their writing processes. Minimum grade of C required. Cadets cannot take
this course if they have already taken WR 102 or EN 102. Prerequisite(s): ERH 101, WR 101, or EN
101, with a minimum grade of C.

112
ERH 204—The Language of Art ERH 214—Introduction to Music
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to the visual arts both in theory and in practice. Cadets will learn about A survey of major styles of music, including brief study of the fundamentals of theory and
formal elements, context, content, and interpretation of art as well as experiment with various notation. The course will emphasize both the physical and cultural conditions that shaped
media in the studio. They will develop visual perception—that is, the ability to “read” aesthetic each style—e.g., religion, geography, social customs, patronage, architecture, instrument-de-
and intuitive aspects of art and architecture, or the overall language of art. Cadets cannot take sign—and its products. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken FA 340.
this course if they have already taken FA 207. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
minimum grade of C.
ERH 215—History of Art I
ERH 205—British Literary Traditions Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A foundational study of the arts of sculpture, architecture, painting, drawing, and craft tradi-
An introduction to British literary movements focusing on major texts that illustrate how tions from the Prehistoric period through the Medieval era and from many cultures. The course
writers have shaped and been shaped by traditions and cultures. Cadets cannot take this course develops awareness of the importance of the arts as an expression of human endeavor and
if they have already taken EN 201, EN 201W, EN 202, or EN 202W. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR the intimate connection between art and various social, political, philosophical, and religious
102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C. movements. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken FA 251. Prerequisite(s):
ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
ERH 206—American Literary Traditions
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 ERH 216—History of Art II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An introduction to American literary movements by focusing on major texts that illustrate
how writers have shaped and been shaped by traditions and cultures. Cadets cannot take this A foundational study of the arts of sculpture, architecture, painting, drawing, and craft
course if they have already taken EN 209. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a traditions from the Renaissance through the Modern era and from many cultures. The course
minimum grade of C. develops awareness of the importance of the arts as an expression of human endeavor and
the intimate connection between art and various social, political, philosophical, and religious
ERH 207—Ethics movements. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken FA 252. Prerequisite(s):
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.

An introduction to critical thinking about moral concepts and issues, including why one
should be moral, major theories of what is right and wrong, and controversial social problems
ERH 217—Film and Performance Studies
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
concerning questions of justice, life, and death. Cadets cannot take this course if they have
already taken PH-204 or PH-304. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum A study of the history and aesthetics of film establishing a foundation for understanding and
grade of C. evaluating film as an art form. The course will offer cadets the opportunity to engage critically
with visual texts by addressing cinematic reading strategies and textual analysis. Cadets cannot
ERH 211—Comparative Religion take this course if they have already taken FA 346. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 with a minimum grade of C.

An introductory survey of the major religious traditions of the world, noting similarities and
differences between them. Particular attention is paid to the relation between religion and
ERH 221—Digital Rhetorics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
culture. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken PH 307. Prerequisite(s): ERH
102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C. An introduction to navigating, analyzing, and participating in networked writing spaces, as
well as developing projects using images, audio, video, and words. Attention will be given to
ERH 212—Ancient Greek and Medieval Philosophy defining digital literacy—its language, modes of thought, and methods of communicating com-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 plex meaning—within the historical framework of rhetorical traditions. Projects with practical
application for external audiences will be emphasized. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN
An introduction to some of the main concepts and arguments developed by philosophers
102, with a minimum grade of C.
from before the birth of Socrates to the end of the Middle Ages. Questions to be explored might
include: What is the fundamental nature of reality? What is the nature of human beings? What
and how can we know about such things? Cadets cannot take this course if they have already
ERH 222—Genre Studies—Poetry
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
taken PH 201. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
A study of the conventions of poetry with opportunities to practice writing in the genre.
ERH 213—Modern and Contemporary Philosophy The course emphasizes the process and techniques of original composition and includes
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 opportunities to share work beyond the classroom. Cadets cannot take this course if they have
already taken WR 332 or WR 332W. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum
An introduction to some of the main concepts and arguments developed by Western
grade of C.
philosophers since the Renaissance, and contemporary responses to them. Questions to be
explored might include: Can we ever really know anything about the world outside our own
minds? Can we prove that God exists? How can a physical body be conscious? Cadets cannot
ERH 223—Genre Studies—Fiction
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
take this course if they have already taken PH 202. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102,
with a minimum grade of C. A study of the conventions of fiction with opportunities to practice writing in the genre.
The course emphasizes the process and techniques of original composition and includes
opportunities to share work beyond the classroom. Cadets cannot take this course if they have

113
already taken WR 330 or WR 330W. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum and strategies of rhetoric help us to construct meaning. Cadets will write for real audiences in
grade of C. the public domain. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.

ERH 224—Genre Studies—Nonfiction ERH 303—Cultural Rhetorics

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of the conventions of non-fiction with opportunities to practice writing in the genre. A close examination of a significant event, social movement, or major figure particular to
The course emphasizes the process and techniques of original composition and includes a distinct local or global culture. Through the analysis of oral, written, and visual texts, cadets
opportunities to share work beyond the classroom. Cadets cannot take this course if they have will study and draw conclusions about the rhetorical strategies that drive cultural movements.
already taken WR 334 or WR 334W. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum Course is repeatable based on topic area. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a
grade C. minimum grade of C.

ERH 225—Visual Arts Studio ERH 304—Language and Style

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of the conventions of one or more of the visual arts—e.g., painting, drawing, pho- An intermediate writing course that focuses on the study of style, one of the five canons
tography, film, and computer media—with opportunities to practice in the medium. The course of rhetoric. Cadets will develop their abilities to read, draft, and revise complex texts, paying
emphasizes original creative expression and includes opportunities to share work beyond the special attention to the relationship between style and meaning. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR
classroom. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C. 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.

ERH 230—Artistic Responses to Social and Political Issues ERH 311-313—Professional Writing (Discipline/
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Field Specific)

A study of the ways in which artists in the fine arts, literature, and/or music have responded Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
creatively to social and political issues. The course may focus on a single genre or issue, or it
An examination of contemporary issues through the written discourse of professional
may take a broader view. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade
communities. These seminars will treat select professions—law, the government, the military,
of C.
the arts, among others. Cadets will study the profession’s rhetorical traditions, read and
analyze significant texts from a rhetorical perspective, and develop writing projects that evolve
ERH 240—Poverty and Human Capability from relevant reading, research, and experiences with professionals in the field. Projects with
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
practical application for external audiences will be emphasized. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR
An exploration of the causes of, and possible solutions to, the problem of poverty, espe- 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
cially within the United States. Cadets will study various ways of understanding and defining
poverty, as well as the question of whose moral responsibility it is to do something to alleviate ERH 314—Technical Communication
poverty. The goal is not only to develop a greater understanding of poverty and the poor, but Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
also to identify solutions that are both practical and ethical. Cadets cannot take this course if
An introduction to the conventions of writing in the workplace. By completing projects for
they have already taken PH 303. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum
select audiences, purposes, and occasions, cadets will develop the ability to communicate
grade of C.
technical information clearly and effectively. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102 with a minimum grade
of C.
ERH 250—Teaching Writing
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ERH 321—British Literature in Cultural Context
An introduction to contemporary philosophies, theories, and pedagogies of teaching writ- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ing, as well as current scholarship on tutoring and writing centers. Special attention is devoted
A study of particular works, authors, or movements focusing on the ways in which cultural
to analyzing the role(s) of the teacher/tutor, responding to texts-in-progress, and continuing
and historical context have influenced the composition of and response to literature in Great
to strengthen cadets’ abilities as readers and writers. This course serves as a foundation in the
Britain. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
principles in rhetoric and composition that will prepare cadets for (but not guarantee) employ-
ment as peer consultants in the VMI Writing Center. Cadets cannot take this course if they have
already taken WR 220. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
ERH 322—American Literature in Cultural Context
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

ERH 301—Rhetoric and Public Address A study of particular works, authors, or movements focusing on the ways in which cultural
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 and historical context have influenced the composition of and response to literature in the
United States. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
A study of the principles and techniques of effective public speaking and listening practices
through examination of a variety of historical and contemporary examples. The course offers
advanced practice in persuasive, public address with extensive instructor and peer feedback.
ERH 323—Philosophy and Literature
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C, and ERH 103 or SE 300.
An exploration of similarities and differences between the allegedly ancient enemies,
ERH 302—Civic Discourse philosophy and literature. Questions to be explored might include: Is literature all subjec-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 tive, working only to stir emotions? Is philosophy capable of purely objective reasoning? Do
philosophy and literature share any goals? Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a
An examination of civic discourse and the major theories of rhetoric that define and shape
minimum grade of C.
acts of public literacy today. Particular attention will be devoted to the role that language plays
in shaping knowledge, identity, and community, and the way different definitions, purposes,

114
ERH 331—Aesthetics ERH 421—One Text
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to the field of aesthetics, the philosophical study of art and beauty. An examination of a single masterwork—literary, philosophical, or artistic—focused on the
Questions to be explored might include: Is beauty in the eye of the beholder or are some works ways in which cultural and historical context influence the production of and responses to
really better than others? How can we know? What exactly is a work of art? Prerequisite(s): ERH texts. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
ERH 422—Major Figures
ERH 332—Logic and Critical Thinking Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An in-depth study of the work of one major rhetorician, philosophy, writer or artist.
A study of logic designed to improve cadets’ ability to identify, analyze, and evaluate Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
arguments, understood not as forms of verbal combat but as cases of reasoning from premises
to a conclusion. The course aims to improve critical thinking skills and the ability to defend ERH 461-462—Independent Study
one’s own beliefs rationally. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken PH 301. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
Advanced independent reading, research, and/or writing projects that build on previ-
ous coursework in the major, pursued under the supervision of a member of the faculty.
ERH 341—Contemporary Art Since 1945 Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An examination of the diverse and challenging explosion in art that occurred after the ERH 470-479—Seminar in Rhetoric and Writing
Second World War, from Abstract Expressionism in the 1940s to digital art of the 21 st century. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Issues such as personal and social identity, cultural and historical occurrences, new media
Focused study of a specific topic in rhetoric and writing, including (but not limited to)
and methods of artistic production, and the overall “shock” that contemporary art presents to
historical and theoretical studies, linguistics, creative writing, or writing for a profession such
modern audiences will be explored. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken
as journalism. Prerequisite(s): appropriate upper-level rhetoric or writing course (as specified in
FA 362. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
registration materials) or permission of the department head.

ERH 352—Practicum ERH 481—Senior Capstone Course

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A required or optional co-requisite for any course in the departmental curriculum to provide
A seminar in which cadets will demonstrate their comprehensive achievement of the learn-
opportunities for practical experiences, including (but not limited to) studio work, editing and
ing outcomes in the major by creating a capstone e-portfolio and making an oral presentation
design, or tutoring. This course is repeatable. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a
to the department faculty. Prerequisites: First Class standing; completion of all Major Core
minimum grade of C.
Requirements and at least three required electives. Cadets cannot take this course if they have
already taken EN-480W.
ERH 361-362—Independent Study
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ERH 495—Honors Thesis I
Intermediate independent reading, research, and/or writing projects that build on Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
previous oursework in the major, pursued under the supervision of a member of the faculty.
A program of reading and research, including preparation of an annotated bibliography
Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
and prospectus, for an honors thesis in the major. Prerequisites: completion of all Major Core
Requirements and at least three required electives; a 3.2 average in the major; and approval by
ERH 370-379—Studies in Art and Culture the department head. Cadets cannot take this course if they have already taken EN 495.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An examination of selected media in light of a particular culture’s history and ideals, ERH 496—Honors Thesis II
beginning with such foundational questions as: What defines a culture? What is the relationship Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
between artistic expression and cultural concerns and values? In what ways is art political?
Completion of the thesis for honors in the major. Prerequisite(s): A grade of B or higher in
Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a minimum grade of C.
ERH 495 and approval by the department head. Cadets cannot take this course if they have
already taken EN 496.
ERH 411—Fieldwork
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course gives cadets opportunities to practice good citizenship by engaging in com-
munity-based service learning. Cadets’ fieldwork experiences may also involve projects for
business, professional, or non-profit organizations. Cadets may choose to work individually
with a faculty advisor or to enroll in a regularly scheduled class. Fieldwork experiences must
both bear significant academic components and conform to departmentally established
requirements and learning outcomes. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102, WR 102, or EN 102, with a
minimum grade of C.

115
French
Department of Modern Languages and Cultures
Department Head: Col. Sunnen

All cadets who enter with two or more entrance units in a modern foreign language
are given placement tests and are placed in appropriate courses on the basis of the
FR 305W—French Thought Across the Centuries I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
test results combined with their previous high school language coursework, and after
consultation with the department head of modern languages. A survey of French literature, its forms and themes from the medieval period through the
A single year of a foreign language shall count toward meeting graduation require- French Revolution. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level French course. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level
ments only when the cadet is studying a second language or is taking a language as French course. Writing Intensive (W)
an elective.
Cadets must demonstrate proficiency in ML 101 in order to be admitted into ML 102. FR 306W—French Thought Across the Centuries II
They must, similarly, demonstrate proficiency in ML 102 before enrolling in ML 201, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and in ML 201 before enrolling in ML 202/204. Proficiency in ML 202/204 is a prerequi-
A survey of French literature, its forms and themes since the French Revolution through the
site for admission to 300-level courses. Completion of two 300-level courses or their
present. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level French course. Writing Intensive (W)
equivalent is expected before enrollment in any 400—level course. Once a cadet has
completed work at the 202/204 level, he/she may not return to the elementary level
course for credit.
FR 307—Intensive Review of French Grammar
Cadets who present four years of a high school language or demonstrate native or and Phonetics
near-native language abilities may not enroll at the elementary level of that language. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Such students will have the choice of enrolling either in the first semester intermediate
Provides essential grammar review and introduction to French phonetics. Prerequisite(s):
level of that language or in the first semester elementary course of a different language.
FR 202

FR 101—Elementary French I FR 310—Introduction to French Literature

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An introduction to the fundamentals of French. Primary emphasis on the acquisition of the
Introduction to reading and analyzing literary works with emphasis on the development
basic language skills (comprehending, speaking, reading, and writing). Intended for beginners
of writing skills in French. Methods, terminology, and practice of literary interpretation.
with no previous experience in the language.
Concentration on shorter works from diverse genres. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level FR course.

FR 102—Elementary French II FR 314—French Civilizations and Cultures

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A continuation of FR 101. Prerequisite(s): FR 101.
A survey of the historical, philosophical, literary, and artistic development of France and/
or French-speaking regions, from early times to the present. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level FR
FR 201—Intermediate French I course (or with a 300-level FR course), or by departmental permission.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A systematic review of grammar and the readings of texts of significant literary, cultural or FR 315—Introduction to Francophonic Texts
historical value. Composition, aural and oral work continued. Prerequisite(s): FR 102. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Builds on reading skills acquired in FR 201 and FR 202 by presenting a variety of texts
FR 202—Intermediate French II from many fields of interest: politics, business, literature, history. Conducted in French.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisite(s): FR 202
A continuation of FR 201. Prerequisite(s): FR 201.
FR 316W—Topics in French
FR 252X—France and the French Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
The topics will vary to reflect cadet and professional interests. The goal of this course is to
A comprehensive, interdisciplinary survey of French culture that may include topics ranging provide information and foster discussion of diverse topics for the French and Francophone
from the earliest times to the present, with particular attention to literature, the arts, thought, world and to reinforce language skills. Taught in French. Note: Retakes for credit. Writing
politics, society, food, and customs. Taught in English. This course does not include a foreign Intensive. Prerequisite(s): one course at a FR300-level.
language component and cannot be used toward a language requirement. Note: Retakes for
credit. Civilizations & Cultures Course (X). FR 335—Intermediate French Converstion
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
FR 304—French Composition and Conversation Guided discussions designed to increase fluency, improve pronunciation, and acquire vo-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
cabulary in French. Note: This course may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level
Designed for students who wish to gain a command of spoken and written French. FR course.
Conducted in French. Prerequisite(s): FR 202.

116
FR 365—Professional Communication in Government FR 435—Advanced French Conversation
and Enterprise Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Guided discussions centered on specific topics. Designed to increase fluency, improve
pronunciation, and knowledge of French culture and language. Extended oral presentations.
Interdisciplinary study of key aspects of technical French language for government and
Note: This course may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite(s): FR 335
business, together with an exploration of the history, sociology, and culture of professional
environments in the French and Francophone worlds. Exploration of cultural and professional
relations among Francophone Africa and France, the European Union, and the United States.
FR 450—Modern Language Capstone Course
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisite(s): one 300-level FR course.
The student will choose a topic incorporating an analysis of historical, literary or cultural
FR 404W—Applied French Grammar and Composition factors in the major language area—field experience and interdisciplinary topics are strongly
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 encouraged. Upon approval of the faculty adviser, the student will prepare both a research
paper and a 20-minute oral presentation. This course is open to first and second class Modern
Systematic grammar review with extensive practice in writing French. Note: Writing
Language majors or minors. The ML Capstone project will be written in the student’s major
Intensive Course (W). Prerequisite(s): FR 304 or FR 307 plus one additional 300-level FR course.
foreign language, as appropriate, and it will achieve a language rating of “Advanced-High”.
All relevant documentation will adhere to MLA specifications. An accepted ML Honors Thesis
FR 405—Independent Reading could substitute for this course.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Directed readings of major literary works. Research paper is required. Note: Retakes for FR 455—France Today
credit. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the Department Head. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Social, political, and economic trends from 1939—present, with emphasis on the period
FR 406—Independent Reading since 1968. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level FR courses.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Directed readings of major literary works. Taught in French. Research paper is required. FR 460—Studies in French and Francophone Culture
Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the Department Head. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Representative topics include: History of Paris, Role of the Family in French Literature and
FR 421—French Literature and Civilization I Culture, Interrelationships of the Arts, French-speaking African Culture, Culture of French
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Canada, Sustainable Development. Retakes for credit.
Study of political, social, intellectual, artistic and literary development of French culture courses.
during the medieval, Renaissance and early modern periods. Prerequisite(s): FR 310 and one Prerequisite(s): two 300-level FR courses.
other 300-level course.
FR 470—Special Topics in French
FR 425—French Literature and Civilization II Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An advanced topics course that will vary to reflect cadet and professorial interests on a
Study of political, social, intellectual, artistic and literary developments in French culture, period, theme, author(s), genre or movement. This course fosters a close reading of text and
from the French Revolution through the present. Prerequisite(s): FR 310 and one other 300-level discussion of diverse topics from the French-speaking world to reinforce advanced language
FR course. and cultural knowledge. Prerequisite(s): FR 310W and one other 300-level FR course.

FR 430—Indroduction to Francophone Studies

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Study of the literatures and cultures of French-speaking countries outside of France that
may include Africa, the Caribbean, Quebec and South East Asia. Prerequisite(s): FR 310W and
one other 300-level FR course.

Geology
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Department Head: Capt. Riester

Requirements for a major in Civil Engineering are specified in Civil and

Environmental Engineering.
GE 306—Engineering Geology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4

Earth material properties and geological processes as they apply to the solution of engi-
neering problems. Case histories, rich visual imagery, a field trip, and three hours of lab per
week assist in fully developing this “Natural Science Elective.” Prerequisite(s): Enrollment in civil
engineering or permission of instructor.

117
German
Department of Modern Languages and Cultures
Department Head: Col. Sunnen

All cadets who enter with two or more entrance units in a modern foreign language world and to reinforce the language skills of all cadets enrolled. The language of instruction is
are given placement tests and are placed in appropriate courses on the basis of the German. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): GR 202X.
test results combined with their previous high school language coursework, and after
consultation with the department head of modern languages. GR 329—Soldiers, Orders and War: Views from
A single year of a foreign language shall count toward meeting graduation require- Central Europe
ments only when the cadet is studying a second language or is taking a language as
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
an elective.
Cadets must demonstrate proficiency in ML 101 in order to be admitted into ML 102. A sampling of dramas from Germany, Switzerland, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire on the
They must, similarly, demonstrate proficiency in ML 102 before enrolling in ML 201, theme of military life and challenges. Taught in English. This course does not include a foreign
and in ML 201 before enrolling in ML 202/204. Proficiency in ML 202/204 is a prerequi- language component and cannot be used toward a language requirement. Cadets may not
site for admission to 300-level courses. Completion of two 300-level courses or their earn credit for both GR 333 and GR 413. Prerequisite(s): None.
equivalent is expected before enrollment in any 400—level course. Once a cadet has
completed work at the 202/204 level, he/she may not return to the elementary level GR 330X—Satire in Germany—Empire, War, Republic
course for credit. 1900-1933
Cadets who present four years of a high school language or demonstrate native or
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
near-native language abilities may not enroll at the elementary level of that language.
Such students will have the choice of enrolling either in the first semester intermediate Focuses on popular satire and analyzes events and caricatures chronologically. The course
level of that language or in the first semester elementary course of a different language. addresses cultural balance of authority and revolt with humor, as presented by German citi-
zens, writers, and artists. This course is taught in English and cannot be used toward a foreign
GR 303W—Introduction to Contemporary German language requirement. Note: Civilizations & Cultures Course (X). Prerequisite(s): none.

Culture I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
GR 331X—The Resistance in Nazi Germany: The Best and
Brightest and the “Oath-Breakers”
A study of contemporary German issues including cultural events, travel, economy, politics,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
education, transportation, and public opinion. Note: Writing Intensive (W). Prerequisite(s):
GR 202X. Designed to examine the opposition to Hitler and the affirmation of the rule of law, which
became a firm basis for the modern German military (Bundeswehr). Literary, historical, and
GR 304W—Introduction to Contemporary German biographical readings and films relate to the Resistance in Nazi Germany and depict life during

Culture II the dictatorship and the vision—and fate—of those who opposed it. This course does not
include a foreign language component and cannot be used toward a language requirement.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of contemporary German issues focusing on economy and German for business. GR 332X—From Wehrmacht to Bundeswehr: A Tradition
Note: Writing Intensive (W). Prerequisite(s): GR 202X. Destroyed and Rebuilt
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
GR 307—Literature Survey (1100-1700)
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 A focus on the transition from a conquered nation to an ally of NATO and backbone of the
European Union. Students examine historical and literary texts which address the shaping of
Authors and works include: the Nibelungenlied, Hartmann von Aue, Martin Luther, Hans
German culture and identity in the years following the “zero hour” of May, 1945 and the efforts
Sachs, Andreas Gryphius and others. Prerequisite(s): GR 202X.
to define Germany and the role of its military forces, from the division in 1949 to the reunifica-
tion in 1990. This course does not include a foreign language component and cannot be used
GR 308—Literature From the Enlightenment toward a language requirement.
to Revolution
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 GR 405—Seminar in German Literature I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course treats the literature and philosophy of the Enlightenment, classicism (Goethe,
Schiller), romanticism (Kleist, Grimm) and the Zensur that led up to the 1848 revolution. Directed readings of major literary works; written reports and a research paper required.
Prerequisite(s): GR 202X. Taught in German. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head.

GR 316—Topics in German GR 406—Seminar in German Literature II

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A topics course that varies to reflect cadet and professorial interests. The goal of this course Directed readings of major literary works; written reports and a research paper required.
is to provide information and foster discussion of diverse topics from the German-speaking Taught in German. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head.

118
GR 411—Vienna, Berlin, and Between: Germany and
Austria From 1911-1950
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of Hermann Hesse, Robert Musil, Ernst von Salomon, Hugo von Hofmannsthal,
among others. This course focuses on how Austrians and Germans saw the world during the
first half of the 20th century. Prerequisite(s): 6 hours of 300 level German.

GR 412—German on Both Sides of the Iron Curtain

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A continuation of GR 411. Students will study the unique situation of the two Germanys
during the Cold War. Emphasis on Heinrich Böll and Ulrich Plenzdorf. Prerequisite(s): 6 hours of
300 level German.

GR 413—Germany and the Military

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course treats depictions of military life and war in literature with emphasis on German
traditions and attitudes. Authors include Erich Maria Remarque and Hans Hellmuth Kirst.
Prerequisite(s): 6 hours of 300 level German.

GR 420W—Advanced Conversation and Composition

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Students examine, discuss, and debate current events of political and military topics, such
as the restructuring and deployment of the Bundesweht and Germany’s role in the European
Union. E-portfolios will constitute an important part of this course. Prerequisite(s): 6 hours of
300 level German. Writing Intensive (W).

GR 421—Immigration to and From Germany Since 1850

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Readings will focus on immigration to the New World, starting in the 19th century, and the
influx of immigrants to Germany after World War II. Prerequisite(s): 6 hours of 300 level German.

GR 450—Modern Language Capstone Course

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The student will choose a topic incorporating an analysis of historical, literary or cultural
factors in the major language area—field experience and interdisciplinary topics are strongly
encouraged. Upon approval of the faculty adviser, the student will prepare both a research pa-
per and a 20-minute oral presentation. This course is required of all Modern Language majors
and is only open to first and second class Modern Language majors. The ML Capstone project
will be written in the student’s major foreign language, as appropriate, and it will achieve a lan-
guage rating of “Advanced-High”. All relevant documentation will adhere to MLA specifications.
An accepted ML Honors Thesis could substitute for this course.

119
History
Department of History
Department Head: Col. Wilkinson

Requirements for a major in history are specified in History.

HI 223—Islam in North America and Western Europe
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 103—World History I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Islam is believed to be growing faster than any religion in the United States today and
is the second largest religion in Europe. This course will examine the past and contempo-
A study of the world’s major civilizations prior to 1500, concentrating on their primary
rary history of Muslims in the West, including the emergence and development of Muslim
values and institutions, and their cultural contacts. Particular attention devoted to the Middle
communities and institutions, Islamic devotional life and education, the impact of Muslims’
East, China, India, the Mediterranean world, and Western Europe.
immigration into Western societies. Attention will be given to the interaction between Muslim
and Christian communities and to the official policies of Western governments toward their
HI 104—World History II Muslim citizens and residents. This is a Methodologically Intensive course intended primarily
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
for History majors.
A study of the world’s major civilizations since 1500, the rise and expanding influence of the
West, and the interaction between the West and non-West. HI 301—Ancient Egypt
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 200—Introduction to Historical Methods An upper-level survey course covering the history of Egypt from the pre-dynastic period
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
through the Roman occupation. Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America. May be offered as
This course develops essential skills for historians such as: critical reading and thinking, 301X (Civilizations & Cultures), 301W (Writing Intensive), or both 301WX.
basic research methods and the fundamentals of organizing, writing and documenting history
papers in accordance with the standards of the discipline. Subject matter varies. Required for HI 302—Ancient Greece
majors; restricted to majors. Normally taken in the third year. Note: A grade of “C” or better is Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
required as a prerequisite to one of the 300-level methodologically intensive courses.
An upper-level survey course which covers the Greek world from the Trojan War to the
death of Cleopatra. Note: Region: Europe or Africa/Asia/Latin America, but not both. May be
HI 205—History of the United States I offered as 302X (Civilizations & Cultures).
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A general survey of American history beginning with the Colonial Period and ending with HI 303—Ancient Rome
1877. The approach is broad with attention being given to political, diplomatic, constitutional, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
intellectual, social, and economic trends. Required of history majors and minors. May be taken
An upper-level survey course which covers the Roman world from the early Iron Age
as a writing-intensive course when offered (205W).
settlements in Italy to Rome’s conquest of the Mediterranean and the fall of the empire. Note:
Region: Europe or Africa/Asia/Latin America, but not both. May be offered as 303X (Civilizations
HI 205W—History of the United States I & Cultures).
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A general survey of American history beginning with the Colonial Period and ending with HI 304—The Medieval World
1877. The approach is broad with attention being given to political, diplomatic, constitutional, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
intellectual, social, and economic trends. Note: Required of history majors and minors. Writing
An upper-level survey of eastern and western Europe from the fall of Rome to the eve of
Intensive Course.
the Renaissance, and Islam as it impacted these areas. Note: Region: Europe or Africa/Asia/
Latin America. May be offered as 304X (Civilizations & Cultures), 304W (Writing Intensive), or
HI 206—History of the United States II both 304WX.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A general survey of American history covering the period 1877 to the present. The approach HI 305—Jacksonian America (M)
is broad with attention being given to political, diplomatic, constitutional, intellectual, social, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and economic trends. Required of history majors and minors.
This methodologically intensive course will examine the history of the United States from
the War of 1812 to the mid-1840s. Topics will include the expansion of the United States in an
HI 210-299—Special Courses age of global revolutions as well as the rise of populism as embodied in the life and careers of
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Andrew Jackson. Historical and historiographical issues will be covered via analysis of popular
Occasional courses on special topics in history may be offered by visiting faculty members beliefs and prejudices. Cadets’ primary goal will be to progress through the stages of structur-
or by departmental faculty. These courses fulfill regional distribution requirements if their ing and writing a research essay. Note: Methodologically Intensive Course (M).
regional category is included in the course announcement before registration.

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religious system of Islam. We will explore this history using a range of primary and secondary
HI 306—Religion and Warfare in Nineteenth Century materials including religious texts, historic chronicles and works of fiction.
United States History
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 HI 313—The United States, 1900-1945
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An upper-level survey course covering the expansionist Protestant ideology in the
nineteenth-century United States as it came into conflict with Native Americans, Catholic immi- A comprehensive study of the United States during the Progressive Era, World War I, the
grants, and hemispheric neighbors. The interaction between politics and millenarian religious 1920s, and the Great Depression. Note: Region: United States.
beliefs will be studied in the context of four nineteenth-century wars, from 1812 to 1898.
HI 314—The United States Since 1945
HI 307—English History I Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A comprehensive study of the United States from World War II through recent years. Note:
A study of English history from Stonehenge to the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The focus Region: United States.
is on social, cultural, and constitutional history, as they illuminate political trends. Note:
Region: Europe. HI 315—The History of Everyday Life
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 308—English History II Social history is an approach to the past that deemphasizes the study of “famous men, great
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ideas, and big events” in favor of description and analysis of the lives of ordinary people of the
A study of English history from 1688 to the present. The focus is on England’s transition to past and the social and economic structures that shaped their lives. This course introduces
an industrial democracy without a revolution, Victorianism, and the rise to global influence and students to sources and methods for the study of “history from the bottom up” and focuses on
subsequent decline. Note: Region: Europe. topics such as family life, courtship and marriage, sex and death, patterns of work and leisure,
gender relations, childhood and youth, and old age. Note: Region: Europe or United States, but
HI 309—History of the Holocaust not both. Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with a
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.

A study of the causes, events, and results of the Nazi attempt to destroy the Jews of
Europe. Topics to be considered are: the history of the Jewish people; the causes and history
HI 316—Food and Hunger in History
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
of anti-Semitism; the Nazi rise to power and persecution of the Jews; the actions and motives
of Holocaust perpetrators, victims, and bystanders; and the impact of the Holocaust on This course explores themes and issues relating to social and cultural dimensions of food
contemporary history. May be offered as a writing intensive course (309W) at the Instructor’s and food shortages in past times. The course ranges widely across time and space and adopts
discretion. Note: Region: Europe. an explicitly comparative approach. Topics examined include the transition from hunting
and gathering to agriculture, the historical development of food production and distribution
HI 310X—War and Society in Modern China systems, the emergence of staple crops as commodities, and the causes and consequences of
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 food shortages. The course is open to students of all majors who have passed both semesters
of World History (HI 103 and HI 104). Prerequisite(s): HI 103 and HI 104. This course may be
This course introduces cadets to the 100-year cycle of civil war and international conflict
offered as a “Civilizations and Cultures” course (HI 316X), a “Writing Intensive” course (316W), or
that China experienced from the Opium War until the Communist victory of 1949. Major topics
both (316WX).
include warlords, imperialism, the Sino-Japanese wars of the 1930s, World War II in China and
the Communist victory in China’s civil war. We will study not only the experience of the war
for combatants and citizens, but also the domestic and international causes and ramifications
HI 317—The Great Depression and the New Deal
This methodologically intensive course will focus on United States history from the origins
of conflict. Note: Region: Asia/Africa/Latin America. Civilizations and Cultures Course (X).
of the Great Depression to the end of the New Deal. Topics will include the political, economic,
Prerequisite(s): HI 104.
social, and cultural history of the era. Specific emphasis will be placed on the origins and
effects of the Great Depression, the stock market crash, and the nature of the institutional
HI 311—History of the Cold War responses offered by Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal. Cadets will engage both historical and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
historiographical topics while completing a significant research project. Note: Geographical
This course surveys the Cold War from the origins of great power confrontation in the World Region: United States. Methodologically Intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI
War II era, through such key episodes as the Cuban Missile Crisis, the construction of the Berlin 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.
Wall, the Prague Spring, Detente, and its decline. We will emphasize shifting historical inter-
pretation of the era, as well as the assessment and employment of primary source documents HI 318—George C. Marshall and the American Century
in historical analysis. Students are required to write a term paper combining a historiograph- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ical review with research on one major episode. The course may be team-taught to provide
A methodologically-intensive course designed to develop research and analytical skills
multiple perspectives. Region: Europe/U.S./Latin America-Asia-Africa depending on topic.
through the intensive study of the career of General of the Army George C. Marshall, VMI
Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with a minimum
class of 1901. Class will focus on teaching students how to find, analyze, organize, and present
grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.
primary and secondary sources material. In doing so, student will explore the manuscript col-
lections at the VMI archives and George C. Marshall Research Library. The course will explore
HI 312—Introduction to the History of Islam major trends in U.S. military history and foreign relations from the Spanish-American War (1898)
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
to the Korean War (1950-1953). Note: Members of the First Class May Not enroll in this course.
The course traces the history of Islam, beginning with the life of the Prophet Mohammad Region: United States. Methodologically Intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI
and the formative period, along with its medieval achievements and modern situation. Aspects 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor
of analysis include the historical development, social institutions, intellectual traditions, and

121
HI 319—African American Experience HI 326—19th Century South Africa: War, Cross and Gold
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A general introduction to the African American experience in the United States beginning in This methodologically intensive course will focus on the history of nineteenth-century
Africa in the 15th century and continuing through to the late 20th century. Note: Region: United South Africa at a time when social and political communities in the region were radically trans-
States. Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with a formed by encounters with European soldiers, missionaries and mining capitalists, setting the
minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor. stage for the origins of apartheid South Africa. Cadets will explore the major historiographical
issues and relevant primary sources as they prepare a substantial independent research paper.
HI 320—The Progressive Era (M) Prerequisite(s): HI 200 with a minimum grade of C. Note: Methodologically Intensive
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This methodologically-intensive course will examine the United States during the
HI 327—India From the Age of the Harrapans to the
Progressive Era—roughly 1890-1920—one of the most dynamic periods in American history. Present Day
Focusing on the political, economic, social, and cultural changes of the era, the central Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
focus will be an examination of the United States’ transformation into an increasingly diverse,
An upper-level survey of the history of India from the earliest age of complex society on the
industrial, urban, and internationalist nation. Note: Methodologically Intensive Course (M).
subcontinent to the present day. Topics include the development of India’s religions, the caste
Prerequisite(s): HI 200 with a minimum grade of C.
system, art, philosophy, and politics as well as India’s role in European imperialism. In addition,
the class will examine the development of India post-1945 to illustrate the rising importance of
HI 321—The Old South the country on the modern international stage. Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America. May be
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
offered as a “Civilizations and Cultures” course (HI 327X).
The social, intellectual, economic, and political history of the American South before the
Civil War. Major topics include the plantation system, slavery, and the evolution of southern HI 328—British Imperialism
sectionalism. Note: Region: United States. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An upper-level survey that will examine the growth of the British empire beginning in 16th
HI 322—The Civil War and Reconstruction century England and examine the importance of the institution to British development and the
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
impact that it had on world history. Topics include the ideology underpinning the institution
The causes and course of the American Civil War and the issues and consequences of and changes to imperial ideology over time, the political growth of the empire and its role in
Reconstruction. Note: Region: United States. British diplomacy, the economic impact of it on British life, and the effect of it on indigenous
populations. Finally, the course examines the legacy of British imperialism in the modern world.
HI 323—History of the South From 1865 Note: Region: Europe or Africa/Asia/Latin America.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Political, social, economic, cultural, and demographic history of the Southern United States
HI 329—War and Society in Twentieth Century United
from 1865 to the present, with emphasis on interpretations of Southern history by twenti- States History
eth-century historians. Topics include Reconstruction, segregation and disfranchisement, the Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
“New South Creed” and industrialization, the Civil Rights Movement, and Southern popular
This course focuses on the themes that have defined America’s and Americans’ experienc-
culture. Note: Region: United States. Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must
es of conflict during the 20th century. The central project will be to explore the relationship
complete HI 200 with a minimum grade of C and HI 206. Non-HI majors require permission
between war and society from a variety of perspectives while critically engaging the events
of instructor.
and processes that shaped the United States’ evolving relationship with conflict during a
tumultuous period.
HI 324—American Foreign Relations to 1919
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 330—Topics in Ancient History
An upper level survey of American foreign relations from the founding of the nation through Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
World War I. Emphasis will be placed on the securing of American independence, continental
A problems course covering selected topics in the ancient world, historical controversies,
expansion of the mid 19th century and the global expansion of American interests in the late 19th
and major turning points. The course presumes a general knowledge of the ancient world from
and early 20th centuries. Considers the interplay of diplomacy, security issues, economics and
the first semester of Western or World Civilization. The three civilizations discussed will be the
culture in American relations with the world. Note: Region: United States.
Ancient Near East, Greece, and Rome. Note: Region: Europe or Africa/Asia/Latin America, but
not both. Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with a
HI 325—American Foreign Relations Since 1919 minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An upper level survey of American foreign relations from the end of World War I until recent HI 331—Colonial America
times. Important topics include America’s emergence as a leading economic power, the back- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ground to World War II, the rise and the demise of the Cold War and American attempts to cope
A study of eastern North America from contact through the Seven Years’ War. Explores
with the post-Cold War world. Note: Region: United States. Prerequisite(s): Prior completion of
major social, political, religious, and economic trends, plus evolving relationships with Indians.
HI 324, “American Foreign Relations to 1919” is recommended, but not required.
Note: Region: United States. Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must com-
plete HI 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.

122
HI 332—North American Indians HI 355—Grand Strategy in the Twentieth Century
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A survey of North American Indian history from late pre-contact through the twentieth cen- Examines the coordination of military strategy, mobilization, diplomacy, and other national
tury. Requires a major research paper on one tribe north of Mexico. Note: Region: United States. or coalition instruments to achieve political goals in war during the twentieth century.

HI 333—History of the Middle East I HI 358—From Mongols to Manchus: Chinese Imperial

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 History, 1206-1911
Surveys the history of the Middle East and North Africa from the rise of Islam in the 7 th Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
century in Arabia to the beginning of the modern era in the 1800s. Focuses on political, social,
This course explores China’s imperial history of the Yuan, Ming and Qing (1368-1911) dynas-
and cultural aspects of Islamic Civilization. Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America.
ties against the backdrop of the ever changing global context, including the serious military
challenges of nomadic peoples, the arrival of western missionaries and merchants, and the
HI 334—History of the Middle East II fading of the traditional tribute system in the face of western imperialism. Cadets will explore
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
the great East-West economic divergence, as part of China’s complex relations with the early
Continues the history of the Middle East in the modern period, from the 1800s to the modern world, along with the legacies and controversies that the communist government has
present. Starting with a brief overview of the late Ottoman empire, follows political, social and inherited from imperial China. Note: Region: Asia/Africa/Latin America.
cultural developments of the region. Focuses on the interaction with the West, evolution of the
modern state system, and the rise of political Islam. Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America. HI 359—China in the Communist Era (1949-Present)
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 335—The Vietnam War This course explores the history of the People’s Republic of China (1949-present) in chrono-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
logical order and through three overarching themes: the changing politics and structure
Traces the military, political, and diplomatic history of Vietnam from the earliest times to the of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP); the social, economic, cultural, ethnic and religious
present. The course emphasizes the period after the second World War: the Indo-China War, ramifications of Communist rule in China over sixty years; and China’s shifting relations with
and especially, the Vietnam War. Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America. major global powers and the influences on China’s domestic policy changes. Note: Region:
Asia/Africa/Latin America.
HI 346—Modern Japan
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 HI 361—The Age of Blood and Iron. Europe, 1871-1918
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An examination of the rise of modern Japan from the mid-19 century to the present. Topics
th

that will be covered are: the opening of Japan and the Meiji Restoration, economic modern- Survey of Europe in the period. This course begins with a discussion of the 1870-1871
ization, nationalism and expansionism, political development, militarism and the Pacific War, Franco-Prussian War. It then successively examines social and economic developments,
American occupation, postwar Japan and the economic miracle. Note: Region: Africa/ Asia/ political developments in the separate European states, imperialism, the division of Europe into
Latin America. two hostile alliance systems, the arms race, the fundamental and immediate causes of the First
World War, and the war itself. Note: Region: Europe.
HI 347X—Africa in Pre-Modern Times, to 1850
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 HI 365—France and the French Empire 1815 to
Survey of the historical experiences that have shaped contemporary sub-Saharan Africa: the Present
African societies’ political, economic and cultural responses to the continent’s variegated Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ecological and climatic conditions; the material and cultural exchanges across the continent’s
Surveys the political and socioeconomic history of France and its overseas empire from
North African, Sahelian, Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean contact zones; the trans-Atlantic
Waterloo to the present. Significant focus on developments in Africa and Indochina. Note:
slave trade and the expansion of Christianity in Atlantic Africa; the expansion of Islam and
Region: Europe. Prerequisite(s): No prerequisite, but HI 350 is recommended.
Muslim reform movements. Note: Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).

HI 348—Africa in Modern Times, 1700 to Present HI 368—Europe, 1919-1939

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Survey of Europe in the period. It begins with the peace settlement following the First World
Survey of the historical experiences that have shaped contemporary sub-Saharan Africa:
War. Through a chronological approach by country, it treats political, diplomatic, and military
the slave trade, European partition and imperial rule, and independence and nationhood. Note:
trends and events of the period, including the rise of fascism and totalitarianism, and the roles
Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America.
played by individual leaders including Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, and Churchill. It then deals with
events leading to the Second World War. Note: Region: Europe.
HI 350—French Revolution and Napoleon
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 372—Reading Course for Honors
A study of the collapse of the Old Regime and the causes of the French Revolution, the stag- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
es of the Revolution, and Napoleon as a domestic reformer and exporter of the Revolution. The
Reading in depth in a selected field of history under the close supervision of a faculty mem-
course will emphasize the European context of the age of democratic revolution, 1789-1815.
ber as preparation for an honors research paper. Introduction to historical methodology and
Note: Region: Europe.
preparation of an annotated bibliography or such other preliminary project(s) as the advisor
directs. Note: Methodologically intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with
a minimum grade of C and have admission to the departmental honors program.

123
HI 373—Colonial Latin America HI 382—Modern Russian History
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A survey of historical developments from the Iberian Reconquest through the Wars of A survey of the history of Russia, stressing economic, political, social, and intellectual devel-
Independence in Latin America. Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America. Methodologically opment during the Empire and the Soviet Union. Note: Region: Europe.
Intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI
majors require permission of instructor. May also be offered as Writing Intensive. HI 383—Virginia History I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
HI 374—Modern Latin America A survey of the political, social, economic, and cultural history of Virginia from 1607 to 1865.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Note: Region: United States.
A continuation of HI 373 comprising a survey of historical developments in Latin America in
general and certain Latin American Republics from the Wars of Independence to the present. HI 384—Virginia History II
Note: Region: Africa/Asia/Latin America. Methodologically Intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
must complete HI 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of
A survey of the political, social, economic, and cultural history of Virginia from 1865 to the
instructor. May also be offered as Writing Intensive.
present. Note: Region: United States.

HI 375—Germany and Eastern Europe From Bismarck HI 385—U.S. Military History to 1919
to Brandt Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A survey of American military history through World War I with emphasis on strategy, force
Special attention will be given to the nature of the Bismarckian Empire, Germany’s role in structure, technology, and the record of the American armed forces in both war and peace.
the origins of World War I, the Weimar Republic, Nazi totalitarianism, and post-war German Note: Region: United States.
society. Note: Region: Europe. May be offered as HI 375X (Civilizations & Cultures).
HI 386—U.S. Military History Since 1919
HI 377—Insurgency and Terrorism Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A survey of American military history since World War I with emphasis on strategy, force
An introduction to the modern history of armed struggle for revolutionary aims and the structure, technology, and the record of the American armed forces in both war and peace.
counterinsurgency campaigns that ensue. In addition to studying the major theorists of insur- Note: Region: United States.
gency and counterinsurgency, the class will examine specific studies from the late eighteenth
century through contemporary conflicts in the Middle East. Note: Methodologically intensive. HI 387—History of Air Power
Region: Europe or Asia/Africa/Latin America, but not both. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
complete HI 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.
An investigation into the development and employment of military aviation in both peace
and war. Common threads to be followed include leadership, strategy, tactics, technology,
HI 378—European Warfare, 1600-1871 joint operations, and ethical issues. Note: Region: Europe or the United States (but not both).
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A survey of the development of modern warfare in Europe from the “Military Revolution” HI 388—Modern Spain: Civil War and Colonial Conflict
of the seventeenth century through the Franco-Prussian War. In addition to studying the Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
armed forces, important battles, campaigns and wars, the class will explore related social,
This course introduces students to modern Spanish history, paying particular attention to
political, diplomatic, and cultural developments. Key themes will include eighteenth-century
military affairs. Major themes include the guerrilla struggles against Napoleon, counterinsur-
limited warfare, French Revolutionary and Napoleonic warfare, the Wars of Italian and German
gency in Cuba and Morocco, the Spanish Civil War, the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, and
Unification, and military thought and strategy. Note: Region: Europe.
ongoing issues of regional nationalism and terrorism. Note: Region: Europe. Methodologically
intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200 with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI
HI 379—European Warfare Since 1871 majors require permission of instructor.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course introduces students to major aspects of European warfare from the unification HI 390—Sea Power From the Age of Sail to the Early
of Germany in 1871 through the Cold War and beyond. Key themes include the evolution of mil- Twentieth Century
itary thought and the operational, political, socio-cultural, and technological aspects of armed
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
forces and war. Note: Region: Europe.
A survey that deals with the use of naval power in both war and peace from the sixteenth
HI 380—Europe in Renaissance and Reformation century to the early twentieth century. Dominant themes will include the evolution of strategy
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 and tactics in war, the impact of technology on tactics and shipboard lives, and the overall im-
portance of sea power to the foreign policies of naval powers. Coverage includes discussions
A study of European politics and culture (1400-1648) with an emphasis on the literary and
that focus on the Seven Years War, the American Revolutionary War, the French Revolutionary
artistic legacy of the Renaissance and on the religious struggles of the Reformation era. Note:
and Napoleonic Wars, the War of 1812, the Crimean War, the American Civil War, the Sino-
Region: Europe. Methodologically Intensive. Prerequisite(s): HI majors must complete HI 200
Japanese War, and the Russo-Japanese War. Note: Region: Europe.
with a minimum grade of C. Non-HI majors require permission of instructor.

124
HI 391—Sea Power in the 20th Century HI 480—Directed Study
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course investigates the employment of naval power in both peace and war during the Advanced level one-on-one course emphasizing historical methodology and leading to the
twentieth century. Among the common threads to be followed are leadership, strategy, tactics, production of a major research paper. Note: May also be taken as a writing-intensive course
technology, and joint operations. The navies of Great Britain, Germany, Imperial Japan, the (480W) with instructor’s permission. Prerequisite(s): a 300-level methodologically-intensive
Soviet Union, and the United States will receive the closest scrutiny. Substantial class time will course and possibly other courses as required by the instructor; permission of the depart-
be devoted to both world wars, Korea, and Vietnam. Note: Region: Europe or the United States ment head, completion of twelve hours of history courses numbered 200 or higher taken in
(but not both). residence at VMI, and at least a 3.0 GPA in history courses taken at VMI.

HI 392—World War I HI 481—Special Seminar

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A survey of the events leading to World War I and the course of the conflict itself. The cov- Seminars on special topics in history as suggested from time to time by members of
erage will include detail on the grand strategy and actions of the principal combatants, tactics, the faculty or groups of history majors. Course will require completion of a major student
operations, armaments, and logistics. The course will focus on the principal combatants, but research paper.
will offer worldwide coverage to showcase the magnitude of the war and the importance of
regional conflicts on the course of the war. It will also include the effect of World War I, as a HI 490—Special Seminar
total war, on civilians and the world as a whole following the conclusion of peace. Through this Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
coverage, the student will gain an understanding not only of war in the early twentieth century,
Seminars on special topics in history as suggested from time to time by members of
but also an understanding of the legacy of the war on global development. Note: Region:
the faculty or groups of history majors. Course will require completion of a major student
Europe or the United States, but not both.
research paper.

HI 393—World War II HI 491W—Thesis Course for Honors

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course aims to give students a broad overview of World War II, with a deeper knowl-
Research and writing of the honors paper under the supervision of a faculty member. Note:
edge of certain key themes. Areas of particular emphasis include military thought, “Blitzkrieg”
Course concludes with an oral defense of a draft version of the thesis. Prerequisite(s): HI 372
and “Operational Art,” the Battle of France, the Eastern Front campaigns, and the realities of
with a minimum grade of B. Writing intensive (W).
warfare in the Pacific. The class also covers such topics as Nazi ideology and the Holocaust.
Note: Region: Europe or the United States or Africa/Asia/Latin America (can fulfill one catego-
ry only).
HI 492W—Thesis Course for Honors
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

HI 400—History Internship Oral examination on the completed honors paper, followed by its revision and final submis-
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1-6 sion. Prerequisite(s): HI 491W with a minimum grade of B. Writing intensive (W).

Under appropriate conditions, cadets may earn up to six hours of academic credit in History
for research and other academic activities related to an internship sponsored and approved by
the History Department. Internships will normally be conducted during the summer and will
involve activities away from the Institute. Details of activities and the amount of credit to be
awarded must be arranged prior to the commencement of the internship and approved by the
head of the History Department.

HI 401—History and Culture of Ghana

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course exposes students to the history and culture of Ghana through a combination of
classroom lectures and visits to culturally and historically relevant sites. This course prepares
participants for socially and culturally appropriate interactions.

HI 460W—Capstone Experience
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Senior level methodologically intensive research seminar leading to the production of a ma-
jor research paper. Topics vary. Note: Required of history majors except those who complete
the departmental honors sequence. Note Well: HI 460W cannot be used to satisfy a regional
distribution requirement. Prerequisite(s): completion of a 300-level methodologically intensive
course, and perhaps other prerequisites at the discretion of the instructor. Writing Intensive (W).

125
Honors Program
Coordinator: Col. Robert McDonald

For information pertaining to the Institute Honors Program, please see

Special Programs.
HNS Designation—Honors Seminar—Science/
Engineering
HN 100—Honors Forum Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0
These seminars provide exposure to topics in the sciences or engineering. One course
The forum provides an occasion for students enrolled in the Institute Honors Program in this sequence is required to earn Institute Honors. HNS seminars are writing intensive and
to meet weekly to discuss and debate issues of current national and international interest. are open to all majors. Topics vary by semester. Recent offerings include Environmental
Requirements include regular readings in major national newspapers and serious periodicals Myth, Ethics, and Justice and Science and Medicine: A Case-Based Approach. Prerequisite(s):
(e.g., The Economist, The Atlantic). Enrollment is restricted to cadets who have been admitted Admission to the Institute Honors Program.
to the Institute Honors Program.
HNS 377W—Great Ideas in Mathematics
HN 400—Honors Thesis Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A common misconception among students is that mathematics is all about memorizing
Research for and completion of the Institute Honors thesis under the guidance of a faculty formulas and applyinng them to specific types of problems. They often carry this error with
adviser. Cadets may enroll in this course (for one semester or two) or another appropriate them throughout life. This course will shatter that misconception. We will take a journey
research or independent study course in order to earn credit for completing the thesis required through some of the greatest and most beautiful ideas of mathematics (and human thought
for Institute Honors. Enrollment is restricted to cadets in the Institute Honors Program and in general) as we explore the theory of numbers,the concept of infinity, selected topics in ge-
requires permission of the director of the Institute Honors Program. See Col. McDonald in the ometry, topology, chaos theory, fractals, and probability. Along the way we will focus on skills
Dean’s Office for details. and creative ways of thinking that will help solve problems in any area of life. Like all honors
seminars, this course is writing-intensive. Prerequisite(s): Enrollment is restricted to cadets who
HN 401—Project Research have been admitted to the Institute Honors Program.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Research for and completion of the Institute Honors thesis under the guidance of a faculty
HNS 381WX—Info: Past, Present & Future
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
adviser. Cadets may enroll in this course (for one semester or two) or another appropriate
research or independent study course in order to earn credit for completing the thesis required How much information is in this paragraph? Well, you haven’t read it all yet, so you don’t
for Institute Honors. Enrollment is restricted to cadets in the Institute Honors Program and know. But if it’s your second go, how might you measure the information content? By the
requires permission of the director of the Institute Honors Program. See Col. McDonald in the frequency of large and uncommon words? By the perceived meaning that it relays about the
Dean’s Office for details. course? By the total number of alphanumeric characters used? In this course we’ll explore one
method of quantifying information and how this theory of information is used in the modern
HNL Designation—Honors Seminar—Liberal Arts world. Don’t be fooled, though: the essence of information is as old as language itself (and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 some would argue older). We’ll see this in examples ranging from the talking drums of Africa
to cryptography during World War II to why your great-great-great grandparents might not
These seminars provide exposure to topics in the liberal arts or leadership. One course in
be as disapproving of your texting habits as your parents are. Expect to do some math, but no
this sequence is required to earn Institute Honors. HNL seminars are writing intensive and are
coursework in mathematics beyond the core curriculum is required. Prerequisite(s): Admission
open to all majors. Topics vary by semester. Recent offerings include Shakespeare’s Leaders
to the VMI Honors Program. Note: Writing Intensive (W) & Civilizations and Cultures (X)
and Grand Strategy in the Twentieth Century.

International Studies and Political Science

Department of International Studies and Political Science
Department Head: Col. Foster

Requirements for a degree in international studies and political science are specified fiscal policies are affected by the openness of its economy, how it affects domestic growth,
in International Studies and Political Science. and how it affects the connected foreign exchange markets. The objective of this class is for
you to understand, apply and analyze the implications.
EC 312—Understanding International Finance Through
the Lens of the European Union IS 201—Introduction to International Studies and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Political Science
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
In this course, we will use the policies and structure of the European Union (EU) and its
subset, the Euro zone, to study and understand the theory and principles of the macroeconom- This team-taught course introduces students to political science as a discipline and to the
ic issues of international economics. In particular, we will analyze the EU’s ‘single monetary different interests of the international studies faculty. It is divided into four sections covering
policy and heterogeneous fiscal policies’ structure to understand how a nation’s monetary and political science, political theory, American politics, comparative politics, and international

126
relations. Readings are taken from the classics in political science. The focus is on key con- and various psychological perspectives. Cadets will then use these tools to critically review
cepts, such as power, state-society relations, institutions; and on the central debates across the the historical development of America’s relations with other international actors, including
discipline and within the sub-fields. Required for IS majors. Must be attempted in the 3rd class Washington’s admonition to steer clear of “foreign entanglements,” the world wars, the Cold
year. Open only to IS majors. War, and the current battle against terror. The course concludes with several mock policy de-
bates which are designed to illustrate the intricacies of high-level decision-making and provide
IS 210—American Government insights into the likely conduct of US foreign policy in the 21 st Century.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Examination of our main national governmental institutions and the application of constitu-
IS 311—The American Congress
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
tional provisions to their operation. The role of political parties, elections, and public opinion
in the American political process. In the Constitution, the article that describes the duties and functions of the Congress as
well as its limitations is longest. The reason for this evident: the Founders considered that the
IS 220—International Politics Congress, as the body of government that would pass our laws and control the federal purse,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 would be at the center of national government and politics. Despite the Presidency’s rise in
power and reputation, Congress’ powers ensure it will be at the center of our constitutional or-
Focuses on the international system of politics and examines the nature of relations
der. Subjects covered will include the ideas that influenced the Founders’ ideas of a federal leg-
between states, the factors which affect the actions and motives of states in their dealings with
islature, the powers of the Congress, the leadership and organizational structure of Congress
one another, and selected current problems in international politics.
(with an emphasis on the committee system), the legislative process, the Congress’ relationship
with the President (especially on issues of national security), and electoral politics.
IS 230—Comparative Politics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 312—The American Presidency
This introduction to the field of Comparative Politics has two main objectives. The first is to Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
provide a foundation of basic empirical knowledge about political institutions and processes
The American Presidency is a political institution like no other in the world. Born of the
in select key countries: Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, China, India, Iran, and Mexico.
Founding Fathers’ wariness of the concentrated political power, the office is a blend of head
The second, more open-ended, objective is to engage some of the “big questions” and themes
of state, commander-in-chief, chief of party, and head of government. Its evolution has been
in world politics that engage scholars, political leaders, and (ideally) educated citizens: How
central to the development of American national government and Americans’ concepts of and
and why did modern nation-states emerge in the West? How do the legacies of colonialism and
relationships to that government. This course will trace the history of the Presidency from the
socialism influence political and economic development elsewhere? What are the conditions
Founders’ ideas about and experiences with executive power to the office’s current state—with
most conducive to liberal democracy and market capitalism-and do they always go together?
all its inherent paradoxes. I hope that, through this course, cadets will come to a deeper
understanding of the Presidency’s origins, development, powers, and limitations as well as the
IS 301—Techniques of Computer Analysis reasons behind the constant contest between the President and the Congress.
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

A course to teach the fundamentals of computer analysis as practiced by students of inter- IS 313—Politics and the Media
national studies, historians, and political scientists. Emphasizes the active use of computers Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
to perform statistical analysis on primary source data from a variety of contemporary and
The purpose of this course is to explore the evolution and role of the print and electronic
historical sources. Prerequisite(s): open only to international studies majors who have passed IS
media in American Politics as well as their relationship to the public, politicians and ultimately
201 with a grade of 75 or higher.
public policy. In doing so, the course will assess the media impact on government, policy
making, election campaigning and the prospects for political deliberation. The course will pay
IS 302—Special Topics in Asian Studies special attention to the portrayal of political issues, candidates and political themes in popular
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
culture including film, television, radio, political cartoons, music, and social media.
IS 302 is repeat-number special topics course on Asian Studies. It is assigned to interna-
tional studies courses taught by the Eugenio Lopez Visiting Chair in Asian Studies. The specific IS 320—National Security Policy
content of a given offering of IS 302 will be determined by the IS Department in consultation Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
with the Lopez Chair. Credit for IS 302 will be applicable to completion of the VMI Asian
Consideration of the formulation and conduct of United States defense and foreign policy
Studies Minor.
with special attention to the key institutions involved in the decision-making process in this
field. Recommended for NROTC cadets.
IS 303—Special Topics in Asian Studies
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 321—International Political Economy
IS 303 is repeat-number special topics course on Asian Studies. It is assigned to interna- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
tional studies courses taught by the Eugenio Lopez Visiting Chair in Asian Studies. The specific
Provides students with a basic understanding of the nature and dynamics of contemporary
content of a given offering of IS 303 will be determined by the IS Department in consultation
international political economy (IPE). Politics and economics have often been separate fields
with the Lopez Chair. Credit for IS 303 will be applicable to completion of the VMI Asian
of study with different core concepts. The former typically centers on power and the latter
Studies Minor.
markets. However, the nature of international relations demands that we understand the
interaction of politics (power) and economics (markets). This course will examine a broad range
IS 310—American Foreign Policy of substantive issues (trade relations, financial and monetary policy, economic integration, and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
economic development), as well as theoretical debates in IPE. Prerequisite(s): IS 220 or IS 230
The central purpose of this course is to familiarize cadets with prevalent theoretical
approaches to decision-making and to use these models to examine the American foreign
policy experience. To this end, the course will survey rational, organizational, bureaucratic,

127
IS 322—Intelligence and Policy IS 331—Politics in Russia and Eastern Europe
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The history and practice of intelligence with special emphasis on the relationship to the An examination of the political systems and the domestic, foreign and defense policies
political policy process. The focus is on the U.S. intelligence experience since WWII, although of Russia and the nations of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Attention is given
some attention is given to the broader comparative context. to the consequences of Marxist-Leninist theory and to the problems of transforming former
communist systems.
IS 326—U.S.—Soviet Relations during the Cold War
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 IS 332X—Politics in East Asia
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
The course examine the U.S. and Soviet outlooks on the world, the origins of the Cold War,
the role of ideology and power rivalry in the relationship, Bi-Polar myth and reality, selected An examination of the political systems and foreign relations of Japan, China, Korea, and
issues of crisis management and alliance maintenance, strategic doctrine and approaches Taiwan. Emphasis is placed on relations with other nations in the region, and with the United
to arms control, how the Cold War ended. Not a comprehensive chronological history but States. Particular attention is paid to the growing importance these nations have in the interna-
issue-oriented case studies of policies and events. tional economic system. Civilizations and Cultures (X)

IS 328—Multinational Peacekeeping IS 333—Politics in Southeast Asia

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The purpose of this course is to explore the theory and practice of multilateral peace opera- An examination of the political systems and the domestic, foreign and defense policies of
tions and humanitarian intervention as they relate to the principles and practice of international the countries of Southeast Asia including: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,
law in world politics. The course covers the origin and evolution of peacekeeping, peace Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The course also focuses on the role of ASEAN,
enforcement, and post-conflict peace building; legal and ethical issues surrounding peace the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the impact of outside powers on the region.
operations; and debates over peace operations doctrine and strategy. Specifically the course
will identify and explain significant events in the history of international relations, including the IS 334X—Politics of Central Asia
Treaty of Westphalia, the European balance of power system prior to World War I, the world Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
wars, colonialism and the Cold War.
By exploring the politics and societies of this important, but little understood, region, we
The course will consider criteria for evaluation of peace operations, causes of peace opera-
will seek to develop a nuanced understanding of how international dynamics continue to shape
tions success and failure, and problems of managing and coordinating actors involved in peace
the states of this region and also how forces emanating from within Central Asia impact the
operations. The course will recognize the dynamic nature of international politics and evaluate
international system. Additionally, in this course students will analytically explore a variety of
the contemporary challenges to the traditional state-centric approach posed by non-state
political and societal phenomena present in the region and beyond. Amongst the phenomena
actors, including international organizations, social movements, multinational corporations
we will examine include: the politics of oil and gas pipelines, state-building and nationalism,
and individuals. The course will identify and examine specific cases of peacekeeping and peace
secession and civil war, Islamism, democratization and authoritarian state consolidation.
enforcement and will consider the role of peace operations in the promotion of international
Civilizations and Cultures (X)
order, institutions of global and regional governance, especially the United Nations and explore
the structure and functioning of significant international organizations, including the United
Nations, the European Union, NATO, the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and World
IS 335—Politics in Latin America
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Trade Organization.
An examination of contemporary political systems and their development in Latin America.
IS 329—Counterinsurgency Focuses on contemporary structures and processes of politics in the major Latin American
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Republics. Normally offered Spring Semester of odd-numbered years.

This course will concentrate on: a study of select counterinsurgencies using historical
pattern analysis. Instructor will present a selection of various insurgencies and students will
IS 336WX—Politics in China
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
research and present on the following topics: American Revolution: Colonial insurgents against
British army; Insurgency and Guerrilla warfare in U.S. Civil War; U.S and Counterinsurgency An overview of the political system of China in the post-Mao era. Starting with a discussion
in the Philippines, 1899-1902; The Boer War: The Second War (1899-1902); British Malayan of Deng Xiaoping’s rise to power, students will discuss the popular desire for democracy and
Emergency (1948-1960); Irish Republican Army vs British Army; Nepal : Maoist Insurgency. the failed attempts at establishing a more politically accountable government. This class will
(1996-present); Colombia : FARC insurgency; and Overview of Turkish/Kurdish insurgency also detail the liberal economic policies that fostered the dramatic growth of China’s economy
problem. Using historical study and pattern analysis of insurgent and counterinsurgent strat- well into the 21 st century. Additionally, students will focus on the evolution of security concerns
egies, upon completion of the class, we will hopefully have an answer for the question—Will and civil-military relations on the mainland, as well as issues between China and other actors
current U.S. counterinsurgency strategies in Afghanistan work? across the world, notably the United States, Taiwan, Japan, and the developing countries of
Africa and Asia. Note: Writing Intensive (W) and Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
IS 330—Politics in Western Europe
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 IS 337WX—Post Soviet Politics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An examination of the political systems and the domestic, foreign and defense policies
of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, selected smaller Western European nations, and This course is an introduction to the politics of the post-Soviet states with a specific empha-
Canada. Attention will be paid to the new role of NATO, European unification, and the ways in sis on the politics of the Russian Federation (Russia). It is divided into the following five unequal
which Western Europe and Canada deal with the United States. parts: 1) Authoritarian Persistence; 2) Soviet Collapse; 3) Post-Soviet State-building; 4) Political
Institutions and Behavior; 5) The Politics of the Economic Transition. Each of the five parts
of the course investigates key issues in the study of post-Soviet politics as well as important

128
concerns for the political science sub-discipline of comparative politics more broadly. Note:
Writing Intensive (W) and Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
IS 352—International Law
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

IS 338—Politics of India and the Subcontinent This course examines international law and its relationship to the practice of international
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 politics. The course examines the sources of international law and its relationship to law
within the state; the major players—the state, the UN and other IGO’s, natural and corporate
As South Asia is home to more than one-fifth of the world’s population, understanding its
individuals–and their attributes and capabilities. Some consideration is given to processes: di-
political landscape is of vital importance. South Asia is characterized by states that vary greatly
plomacy, treaties, arbitration, and adjudication. The final third of the course considers selected
in governmental structures and levels of economic development. The goal of this class is to
contemporary problem areas: the use of force, economic issues, protection of human rights,
understand these differences by closely examining the political framework of and the dynamics
the environment. Two continuing themes throughout the course are: (1) how international law
between the major regional players (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka). We will explore
changes over time in response to changes in the international system; (2) how international law
the role and impact of political institutions, parties and political leaders, political participation
accommodates both justifiable claims and power realities.
and interest articulation as well as modernization and economic development. While learning
about each state’s political system in a comparative fashion, we will also explore relations
between the different states.
IS 370—Intermediate Special Seminar
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

IS 339—Digital Media and South Asian Politics Intermediate-level elective seminars on special topics in politics as suggested from time to
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 time by members of the faculty or groups of cadets.

Digital media and information technologies enable the masses to express their views and to
enjoy direct participation in various political and public decision-making arenas. This course
IS 390—Independent Study
Research and writing on an approved intermediate (300) level topic, under the direction of
will explore the relationship between technology, media and society in South Asia and how
International Studies faculty. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the Department Head.
new forms of social connections and participatory technology impact political behavior in the
region. We will investigate the significance of various new media technologies by reflecting
on theoretical and social scientific perspectives to advance our understanding of South Asian
IS 395—Public Opinion Research in Europe
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
politics. While on the one hand interactive digital environments provide new participatory
spaces, digital information technologies can also open up new areas of concerns, such as loss In this class, we will discuss the efforts of social scientists to understand popular opinion
of privacy, surveillance, cybersecurity, and withdrawal from the offline political sphere. through national-level polls. Students will learn the techniques by which samples are taken
from populations, and the tradeoffs to approaches. So, too, will they learn about issues
IS 340—Political Theory surrounding question wording, conceptual reliability, and external validity. The class will
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 culminate in a research project where students will collaborate with the professor to model
explanations for support for greater cohesion among the EU countries, particularly older and
A study of the writings of key Western political thinkers from Socrates to the twentieth
newer members. Students, themselves, will conduct reviews of the literature before contrib-
century. The objective of this course is to elucidate the origins and basic assumptions of
uting to a test of the various arguments made by previous authors using Eurobarometer public
contemporary political ideas and ideologies.
opinion data. Site visits to government entities, such as the European Parliament, will provide
context for these analyses.
IS 350—Criminal Law
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 401W—International Studies Seminar
This course presents a general survey of substantive criminal law, that is the principles, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
theories, and important legal decisions defining criminal offenses and defenses. Substantive
The capstone course for the International Studies curriculum. The course focuses on
criminal law examines the conduct of the defendant. Time permitting; we may also delve into
problems of United States foreign and defense policy. The course requires substantial written
some procedural criminal law, which is based on the U.S. Supreme Court’s interpretations of
and oral work. Open only to first class International Studies majors. International Studies
the Bill of Rights. Criminal procedure evaluates the conduct of police and prosecutors. The
minors may be admitted with the permission of the department head on a space available basis.
course will utilize the casebook method of teaching favored by most law school courses.
Writing Intensive (W)

IS 351—Constitutional Law IS 421X—The Politics of Terrorism

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course presents a survey of the guiding principles of American Constitutional Law, with
The Politics of Terrorism is a three-credit course that focuses generally on the role of terror-
particular emphasis on landmark decisions of the United States Supreme Court interpreting
ist violence in the modern world. The two central goals of the course are to provide cadets with
the Bill of Rights. The class begins with the establishment of judicial review in 1803, but moves
an opportunity to study the historical use of political terror and to encourage cadets to think
rapidly to the Court’s twentieth century jurisprudence. A substantial area of focus is constitu-
of terrorist activity not as the work of the mad, but of self-interested and calculating political
tional criminal procedure—the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendment decisions evaluating police
actors. After an introduction that includes a definition of terrorism and an exploration of its
conduct including methods of search and seizure and the interrogation of criminal suspects.
geneses, the course focuses on the rational and psychological aspects of the individual terror-
Additional main topics include freedom of speech, religion, and the press according to the
ist, terror types, strategies, and tactics, and the difficult task of counterterrorism. The final part
First Amendment, and Due Process of law and Equal Protection of the laws under the Fifth and
of the course illustrates and highlights each of these aspects by examining cases culled from
Fourteenth Amendments. The course uses the casebook method of teaching favored by most
recent history, including the Zionist-British conflict over Palestine in the 1940s, the Algerian
law school courses. Class participation is important.
drive for independence in the 1950s, and the ongoing standoff between the USA and Islamic
fundamentalist terrorists. Note: Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).

129
the shifting Islamic conception of jihad, and modern-day politico-religious terrorism. Note:
IS 422—Domestic Politics and International Conflict Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

How does domestic politics affect the ability and willingness of states to fight wars abroad, IS 427—Transatlantic Security 1941-2015
and how do wars affect domestic politics? Surveying historical and contemporary scholarship, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
this course will familiarize students with various theories about these relationships. General
The course will consider in turn: Security and security policy issues (basics): meanings of
topics to be covered include (a) the influence of institutional characteristics—such as general
the term security, complex security, security organizations and architecture, today’s security
regime type, the separation of powers, and procedural and election rules—on war initiation
challenges US-European issues: historical background, common institutions and efforts, main
and war outcomes; (b) the peculiar relationship between public opinion and war; and (c) how
differences of the security policy perceptions, NATO-EU issues: historical background, institu-
these and other factors impact the political strategies of war-time leaders, domestic opposition
tions, NATO’s development after the cold war, relationship before 9/11, relationship after 9/11,
groups, and international opponents. In addition to applying these theories and lessons to
2003 Iraq War, possible future, differences between security perceptions. Case studies: Middle
various historical cases, the course will afford students the opportunity to engage in interactive
East, Balkan, International Terrorism, Missile Defense, Climate Change, etc.
exercises that illustrate the complex linkages between the domestic and the international.

IS 423W—Studies in Grand Strategy IS 428—US-China Relations

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
The most consequential international relationship in the 21 century is, and will con-
st
IS 423W examines the theory and practice of grand strategy in an international context
tinue to be, that between the United States of America and the People’s Republic of China.
using both historical and contemporary case studies. Initial attention is given to classical cases
Understanding the nature of this relationship (whether it is cooperative, competitive, or
including the Peloponnesian War and Bismarck as grand strategist. Consideration then shifts
something in between) is of the utmost importance, as is the complex and difficult task of
to an examination of grand strategy in the twentieth century including cases related to the two
explaining why the relationship is the way it is. This class is dedicated to both tasks. Cadets will
world wars, the interwar period, and the Cold War. The course concludes with an examination
examine Sino-American relations along different dimensions: military-security, regional-secu-
of two case studies of a more contemporary nature. A major research paper is required. Note: IS
rity and alliances, economic, domestic political, and grand strategic. In terms of its theoretical
423W is jointly-listed as HNL 375W, Studies in Grand Strategy. Writing Intensive (W)
orientation, cadets will consider prominent realist, liberal, and constructivist explanations of
Sino-American relations from 1949 to the present.
IS 424WX—Regional Politics and Powers
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 429—Strategy and Cybersecurity
This course examines regional sub-systems in international politics, with a specific focus on Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
regional conflict, security, and integration. A primary focus of the course will be the behavior
While cyberspace is a relatively new domain, it is fundamentally an arena for strategic
of regional powers—those states with sufficient capabilities, willingness, and status to shape
interaction. As such, the principles, concepts, and mechanisms familiar to students and prac-
politics within their regions—and whether they provide the stability necessary for peace or
titioners of strategy can be usefully employed to better understand the causes of conflict and
facilitate violent conflict. As an extension of these peaceful or conflictual patterns of political
stability in cyberspace. In this course, we will take seriously the idea that strategic challenges
interaction is the formation of formal intergovernmental organizations, such as the Arab
and logics transcend time and space. In so doing, we not only examine cyberpower, the cyber
League or the European Union. Careful attention will also be paid to those regional subsystems
offense-defense balance, cybersecurity dilemma, and coercion in cyberspace, but also how
lacking a regional power, as is the case in the contemporary Middle East. Finally, students will
scholars have employed those concepts and analytical frameworks (that is, without the modifi-
relate regional politics to the broader international order within which it is nested, examining
er “cyber”) to explicate other forms of conflicts well before the advent of the cyber age.
how international system dynamics, such as competition between major powers, shape the
regional level. Note: Writing Intensive (W) and Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
IS 430W—Democracy and Elections
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 425W—Theories of War and Peace
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 An explanation of principles of democracy and how theory is applied on the ground in
different countries. Students will learn about the meaning of democracy, how scholars define
This course provides cadets with an introduction to the scientific study of international
it, and how different forms are implemented. They will review the processes by which democ-
conflict. Simply put, the course examines existing empirical evidence to answer the question
racies of one type transition into another, or how authoritarian regimes morph into democratic
“What do we know about war?” Cadets will begin by engaging the existing dominant theories
systems. They will investigate how institutions vary across countries, including the roles of the
of international conflict, broadly defined, and conclude in reviewing the relationship between
executive, legislature, and judiciary. Chiefly, students will spend time reviewing how different
different variables and conflict onset, including, but not limited to, relative power, democracy,
states translate popular opinion into government action, i.e. elections. This will include
rivalry, status, and dissatisfaction. Throughout the course, students will be required to think
examples of majoritarian electoral systems used by the United States, Australia, and the United
critically about existing approaches, generate their own ideas about the potential correlates
Kingdom, proportional systems used by Ireland, Brazil, and Iraq, and hybrid systems, found
of war, and relate how the scientifically generated empirical findings from the course have
in Taiwan, Japan, New Zealand, and Germany. The course will conclude with a discussion of
practical applicability to American foreign policy. Note: Writing Intensive Course (W).
which systems work better than others and whether certain countries would profit from a
change in democratic system type. Writing Intensive (W)
IS 426X—Religion and War
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 431W—Riots, Protests, Social Movements
What is the relationship between religion and political violence, and how it has evolved Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
through modern history? Given that religion preaches peace, why does it seem to be inherently
Social movements and protest have become a part of the political landscape. This class ex-
prone to violence? How is religion used to mobilize popular support for secular or material
plores the dynamics of political contention, from collective looting to revolution, involving tac-
causes? We will address these questions and others using theories and concepts in political
tics that go from reform-mongering to foot dragging to collective violence, and targeting pow-
science (such as those dealing with social mobilization, collective rationality and irrationality,
er-holders whose authority may or may not be formally institutionalized. We will review the
and group psychology), as well as historical treatments of “holy war,” including the Crusades,
development of the scholarship in contentious politics, including its theoretical foundations,

130
approaches, and applications. Comparisons will be made between different approaches to the
same event and between different types of political contention. Writing Intensive Course.
IS 440—American Political Thought
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

IS 434WX—Authoritarianism This course will examine the competing ideals at the center of the American political tradi-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 tion and how they have interacted and evolved over time. Students will not only gain a clearer
understanding of American intellectual history and how the great debates over the nature of
Authoritarian rule has been the norm throughout human history. Despite recent waves
the American regime have in fact played out, but will also consider the merits and demerits
of democratization, today roughly half of the global population lives under non-democratic
of the various claims being made. Readings will include Federalist and Antifederalist writings,
regimes. In this course, we will investigate the politics of authoritarian regimes. We will pay
Thomas Jefferson, Alexis de Tocqueville, John C. Calhoun, Abraham Lincoln, Edward Bellamy,
particular attention to where and why these regimes are established, what sustains them, and
John Dewey, Herbert Croly, and others.
when and how they decline. Note: Writing Intensive (W) and Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).

IS 435WX—Comparative Political Economy IS 441—Conservative Political Thought

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An examination of competing strains of thinking within conservatism organized around a
In this course, we will evaluate the important interaction of economic and political systems
series of debates. Some of the themes that will be covered include: the definition of conserva-
across several countries and systems. We will review how the economic framework of a given
tism, America as a propositional nation vs. a common culture, the aims of U.S. foreign policy,
state impacts the workings of the political process. In addition, we will learn how political
Lincoln’s America vs. the Old South, aristocratic vs. populist impulses, theories of jurispru-
decisions often impact the growth and development of markets. Examples will be drawn
dence, the purpose of the economic order, and the meaning of progress.
from a number of different countries, from the United Kingdom, Poland, and Spain to China
and Japan. We will place special emphasis on the oft-debated link between capitalism and
democracy; we will also study the tension between political ideology and economic growth,
IS 442—Law, Morality, and Power
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
as well as the influence of business cycles and perceptions of economic performance on voter
preference during elections. Note: Writing Intensive (W) & Civilizations and Cultures (X) This course will examine the nature of law and the role that morality and power play in
constituting the law. Is law fundamentally moral, discoverable by reason and necessarily con-
IS 438WX—Ethnic Conflict and Politics ducive to the common good of society? Or is law nothing more than the commands issued by
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 whoever has the most power? Do citizens have a moral obligation to obey the law, or are such
claims, themselves, expressions of power? When judges interpret the law, do they too have
The course is designed to provide cadets with an overview of the relationship between
obligations, or must we simply expect them to act as agents of a particular social, political,
ethnicity and politics. We will seek to understand both what ethnic groups are and why they
and economic group? These and other questions related to a deeper understanding of law and
often seem to be so important in a wide variety of political systems across the globe. We will
legal systems will be the focus of this course.
pay special attention to understanding the causes of ethnic conflict. We will also spend consid-
erable time examining various possible means of fostering inner-ethnic peace. Attention will
also be paid to questions regarding the effect of ethnicity on democratic politics, economic
IS 443—The Morality of War
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
development, and public policies. Our approach to this topic will be broadly comparative; we
will draw on cases from Africa, Europe, Latin America, and Asia. Note: Writing Intensive (W) and This course will examine the criteria that are used to make determinations regarding
Civilizations & Cultures Course (X). the justice and injustice of warfare. Both contemporary and classical philosophers will be
examined, and a variety of historical examples will be considered so that students can acquire
IS 439—Authoritarian Environmentalism in China experience in applying these criteria. Specific questions to be considered include: What are
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 the just purposes for which one may go to war? What is the manner in which a just war must be
fought? Who has the authority to make such determinations? Must one discriminate between
In this course, we evaluate the contention that the People’s Republic of China centralized
combatants and non-combatants? Can war be morally distinguished from other types of
system of governance is best suited to address the environmental challenges of the twenty-first
conflict, such as terrorism? These and other related questions within the just war tradition will
century. Proponents of “authoritarian environmentalism” contend that the leaders of a political
be explored throughout the term.
system, insulated from popular will, possess the ability to make unilateral decisions that are
needed to combat long-term issues, such as air and water pollution, and implement reforms. As
we progress through this course, however, we will find that there are numerous scholars who
IS 459—The Law of International Armed Conflict
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 1
call this argument into question. We proceed by taking stock of the environmental problems
that China faces, before learning about the legal and political frameworks through which This course provides students with a general understanding of the international legal reg-
policy is made and enforced. Next, we observe how the central and local governments in China ulation of armed conflict—including humanitarian law and international criminal law. The aim
confront environmental issues to varying degrees of success. We also consider the different of the course is to give the students an understanding of the legal challenges of current and
challenges urban and rural residents face, and the impetus for “green” movements that have future-armed conflicts, as well as enable them to critically analyze and evaluate cases using
emerged over the last decade. Finally, we learn of the external forces that have influenced the both legal and political analysis. This will be achieved from specific readings and class discus-
path China has taken, before concluding with extensive discussions of student research. All sion and the application of several case study scenarios where the students will be required to
told, China’s leaders may have an understanding of what environmental threats they face, but analyze the issue at hand and recommend a solution using their understanding of international
they are frequently stymied in how they approach addressing these problems; a failure to curb law as it applies to armed conflict. Note: Students will not be taught the use of the law, but rath-
the dangers of environmental degradation can not only put citizen lives in jeopardy but also er how and where to find the law and how to apply it to the scenarios presented. This course
undermine the Chinese Communist Party’s legitimacy as the ruling power and moral force at will be open to those students selected to compete in the International Competition of the Law
the helm of the Chinese state. of Armed Conflict in San Remo, Italy

131
unsuccessful research efforts. The course may include a discussion of the current security
IS 460W—Research Design for Political Science issues driving debates in the broader national security community.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course focuses on philosophies of and approaches to political science for facilitating IS 490—Independent Study
cadets’ research objectives. The two central goals of the course are (a) to introduce cadets Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
to the methods traditionally used to design, conduct, and report political science research;
Research and writing of a substantial paper on an approved topic, under the direction of
and (b) to allow cadets to apply these methods to their individual research questions. Cadets
International Studies faculty. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head.
will frame research questions about politics, develop rigorous theories and hypotheses about
politics, identify reasonable measures to test relationships, collect political data, develop a re-
search design on a topic of their choosing that is acceptable by professional political scientific
IS 491—Reading for IS Honors
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
standards, and publicly present this research design. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102 & IS 201 with a
minimum grade of C. Cadets will develop an agenda of inquiry for the purpose of writing an original piece of
political science research. To this end, cadets must, under the supervision of a faculty sponsor:
IS 470—Advanced Special Seminar choose an appropriate general topic; conduct in-depth reading in a selected subfield of politi-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 cal science; select an appropriate method of inquiry; and present and defend a formal research
proposal. Prerequisite(s): Admission to the IS Honors Program.
Upper-division elective seminars on special topics in politics as suggested from time to time
by members of the faculty or groups of cadets.
IS 492—Writing for IS Honors
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
IS 479—Advanced Special Seminar
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Cadets will write an original piece of political science research based on the preparation un-
dertaken in IS 491. Specific requirements include: the completion of theoretical arguments or
Upper-division elective seminars on special topics in politics as suggested from time to time
the execution of empirical hypothesis testing; scheduled draft and final paper submissions (to
by members of the faculty or groups of cadets.
be accomplished in close consultation with a faculty sponsor); and a public oral presentation of
the completed project. The successful completion of this course will result in the conferral of
IS 485—National Security Minor Capstone Department Honors. Prerequisite(s): Grade of B or better in IS 491.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

First class cadets pursuing the National Security Minor or other cadets approved by the IS 493—International Studies Senior Thesis
professor will participate in this seminar styled course. The discussions will be built largely Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
around the ideas and research of the cadets themselves. IS Faculty will be invited to discuss
Research and writing of a substantial paper under supervision of a faculty sponsor. Oral
their on-going research and to share experiences and observations on successful and often
examination by an ad hoc faculty committee. Open only to international studies majors.
Prerequisite(s): Grade of B or better in IS 491 and IS 492.

Leadership Studies and Career Development

Department of Psychology
Department Head: Col. Gire

interviewing skills, dressing for success, business etiquette, and using the internet in the
LS 350—Leadership and Career Development I job search.
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0

Required for those cadets not being commissioned in the Armed Forces and who are LS 451—Leadership and Career Development IV
enrolled in AS 303, MS 309, NS 308, or NS 303. The class focuses on knowing yourself, career Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
discovery and planning, resume writing, and personal development.
Required for those cadets not being commissioned in the Armed Forces, and who are
enrolled in AS 404, MS 410, NS 402, or NS 404. The class focuses on post-VMI career transition,
LS 351—Leadership and Career Development II salary negotiation, business ethics, employment law, income tax preparation, basic money
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0
management and investing for the future, 401 (k) plans, starting your own business, and how
Required for those cadets not being commissioned in the Armed Forces, and who are much insurance is enough.
enrolled in AS 304, MS 310, NS 205, or NS 304. The class focuses on career preparation and
research. networking skills, critical thinking, time management, and values and ethics in
the workplace.

LS 450—Leadership and Career Development III

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0

Required for those cadets not being commissioned in the Armed Forces, and who are
enrolled in AS 403, MS 409, or NS 408. The class focuses on job search and graduate school
admission activities, business correspondence, building a portfolio, recruitment, advanced

132
Mechanical Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Department Head: Col. Hardin

Requirements for a major in mechanical engineering are specified in

Mechanical Engineering.
ME 244—ME Design Competition Participation
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

ME 105—Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Participation in a student design team competition team for underclassmen. Prerequisite(s):
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 Permission of a team adviser.

Introduction to the diverse career opportunities available in Mechanical Engineering and to

the ME curriculum; discussion of participation in study abroad, internships, and undergraduate
ME 255—Summer Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
research and of specific academic skills required for success; and hands-on technical projects
in both the Machine Design and Energy areas. Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in summer research. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of department head.
ME 109—CAD Applications and Solid Modeling
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 ME 256—Summer Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
Selected CAD applications such as Orothographic and Isometric Design. Use of CAD to
solve engineering applications and Solid Modeling Applications. Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in summer research. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of department head.
ME 110—Materials
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 ME 302—Dynamics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
The atomic structure and microstructure of engineering materials. Classroom and labora-
tory analysis of the physical properties of metallic and non-metallic compounds; ferrous, non- Vector and scalar methods in kinematics, including absolute and relative motion of particles
ferrous, ceramic, polymer, and composite materials. Material stress-strain diagrams, fatigue, and rigid bodies; kinetics, with solutions of rigid bodies by the methods of force, mass and
creep, phase diagrams and heat treatment diagrams will be emphasized. acceleration, work and energy, and impulse and momentum. Prerequisite(s): ME 201.

ME 201—Statics ME 311—Thermodynamics I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Vector and scalar methods in the composition and resolution of forces; moments of A study of the first and second laws of thermodynamics; basic energy concepts; the proper-
forces; equilibrium in two or three dimensions; simple structures including trusses and frames; ties of liquids and vapors including enthalpy and entropy; ideal gas concepts and relationships.
shear and moment in beams; distributed loads; friction; centroids and centers of gravity. Prerequisite(s): MA 124 and ME 203 Corequisite(s): ME 203
Corequisite(s): MA 124 unless previously completed.
ME 313—Thermodynamics II
ME 203—Programming Tools for Mechanical Engineers Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 3.5
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 2 Gas-vapor mixtures, psychrometry and air conditioning process; real and ideal
power, refrigeration, heat pump, and air compression cycles; fuels and combustion
Programming fundamentals and introductory instruction in the use of mathematical
processes; energy system design and computer applications; laboratory experience
application software. Focus will be upon problem solving techniques and logical solu-
to reinforce theoretical concepts to include engineering team experience and report
tion development.
writing. Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or higher in ME 311.

ME 206—Solid Mechanics ME 314—Fluid Mechanics

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 3.5
A study of the behavior of non-rigid bodies when subjected to external tension, compres-
Elementary mechanics of fluids. fluid properties; hydrostatics; fluid kinematics; equations of
sion, bending, torsional loads, or combination of these loads. Development of mathematical
motion; energy equation; momentum principles; flow of liquids and gases in closed conduits;
expressions that relate external loads, member properties, and internal stresses, strains, and
compressible flow; principles of dimensional analysis and dynamic similitude; laboratory ex-
deflections. Includes elastic and plastic stress theory. Prerequisite(s): MA 124, ME 109, ME 110
perience to reinforce theoretical concepts to include engineering team experience and report
and a grade of C or higher in ME 201.
writing. Prerequisite(s): MA 124, ME 201, ME 311.

ME 243—ME Design Competition Participation ME 321—Dynamics of Machinery

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Participation in a student design team competition team for underclassmen. Prerequisite(s):
Application of kinematics and dynamics to the design of mechanical components. Analysis
Permission of a team adviser.
and synthesis of the relationship between machine forces and motions. Prerequisite(s): ME 302.

133
ME 322—Mechanical Analysis and Design ME 413—Aircraft Propulsion Systems
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Review of stress and stiffness analysis. Introduction to failure theories, fatigue, finite Design and analysis of atmospheric propulsion engines and systems. Thermodynamics,
elements, and material selection as it pertains to design of machine elements. Prerequisite(s): A combustion fundamentals, turbo machinery and the aerothermodynamics of inlets, diffusers,
grade of C or higher in ME 206. combustors, and nozzles as related to the design of gas turbine and rocket engines and com-
ponents. Matching of propulsion system to vehicle requirements. Prerequisite(s): ME 313.
ME 325—Instrumentation Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 2 ME 414—Turbomachinery
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Measurement of temperature, pressure, flow, strain, stress, force, velocity and displace-
ment. Interpretation of data curve fitting, statistics. Signal conditioning, digital data acquisition, Theory and performance characteristics bearing on the design of fluid dynamic machines
data recording. Static and dynamic systems. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102 and ME 203. such as centrifugal and axial flow pumps, fans, compressors, and turbines. Prerequisite(s): ME
314 and ME 311.
ME 336—Heat and Mass Transfer
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 3.5 ME 415—Flight Mechanics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Fundamental principles of heat transfer by conduction, convection, and radiation are
examined. Provides an introduction to mass transfer. Contains elements of design of fins and Properties of the earth’s atmosphere. Aerodynamic parameters, generation of lift, airfoils
composite walls. Finite difference techniques are introduced. Includes laboratory experience and wing theory. Boundary layer, aerodynamic drag. Aircraft performance: climb, range and
to reinforce theoretical concepts to include engineering team experience and report writing. endurance. Introduction to stability and control. Prerequisite(s): 2nd class standing or higher.
Prerequisite(s): ME 311 and MA 311.
ME 416—Fundamentals of Aerodynamics
ME 342—Analysis and Control of Dynamic Systems Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Introduction to differential analysis of fluid motion, incompressible external inviscid flow,
Analysis of dynamic system in both the time and frequency domain, with application to the incompressible external viscous flow, steady one-dimensional compressible flow: Fanno Line
design of basic feedback control systems. Mechanical, electrical, thermal, and fluid systems are Flow, Rayleigh Line Flow, Normal Shocks. Prerequisite(s): ME 311 and ME 314.
considered. Topics include transfer function determination, frequency response, error analysis,
root locus techniques, stability analysis, linear and non-linear systems. Prerequisite(s): MA 311 ME 417—Aircraft Structural Analysis
and EE 351. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Introduction to the linear, static structural behavior relating to aircraft design. Classical
ME 343—ME Design Competition Participation methods of analysis will be applied to practical problems. Prerequisite(s): ME 201 and ME 206.
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

Participation in a student design team competition team for underclassmen. Prerequisite(s): ME 418—Thermal Environment Engineering
Permission of a team adviser. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Analysis and synthesis of systems to produce control of the thermal environment of enclo-
ME 344—ME Design Competition Participation sures for human occupancy, processes of special equipment. Psychrometrics of air, heating
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
and cooling load calculations, and systems design. Prerequisite(s): ME 311.
Participation in a student design team competition team for underclassmen. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of a team adviser. ME 419—Thermal-Fluid Systems Design
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 4
ME 350X—History of Technology Application of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer to energy conversion
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
processes. Design of engines, heat exchangers, compressors, valves, fans, blowers, vessel
A study, from both an historical and current perspective, of the role of technology in influ- design, and power and refrigeration cycles. Prerequisite(s): ME 313, ME 314, ME 336.
encing both the development of distinctive cultural practices and the spread and globalization
of specific cultures (western, eastern, and the Americas) in order to gain a better understanding ME 420—Flight Mechanics II
of the cultural catalyst that technology has played in the past and may play in the future. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Civilizations & Cultures (X)
Continuation of ME 415 Flight Mechanics. Includes more advanced investigation of aero-
dynamic parameters, aircraft performance and dynamic behavior, and aircraft stability and
ME 355—Summer Research control. This is a project-based course where models are developed using a variety of software
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
tools. Prerequisite(s): ME 203, ME 342, & ME 415.
Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in summer research. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of department head. ME 425—Mechanical Design
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 4
ME 356—Summer Research Design of mechanical components subject to static and fatigue loads. Practical design and
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
applications of materials to power screws, fasteners, springs, bearings, gears, chains, and belts.
Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in summer research. Prerequisite(s): Design of power transmissions. Introduction to the finite element method. Prerequisite(s):
Permission of department head. ME 322.

134
ME 427—Introduction to Automated ME 462—Independent Research
Manufacturing Systems Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3 Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in research or thesis projects
supervised by the faculty. Credits may be substituted for appropriate mechanical engineering
Introduction to computer-aided manufacturing. Familiarization with standard manufac-
courses offered in the regular session. Prerequisite(s): Permission of department head and
turing processes. Study of commercial CNC programming languages, CNC mill operation and
faculty or senior thesis adviser.
CNC lathe operation, and pick-and-place robots. Extensive hands-on-operation of robots, CNC
units and machinery. Open-ended design of manufacturing processes and design for manufac-
turability. Prerequisite(s): ME 110 and ME 109.
ME 480—Internal Combustion Engine
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

ME 431—Power Plant Design A study of reciprocating internal combustion engines; basic thermodynamic principles,
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 compression and spark ignition engines, fuels, combustion, emissions, mechanical design
considerations. Prerequisite(s): ME 313
The production of power from the Rankine, Brayton, and combined cycles will be studied.
Realistic cycles similar to those found in current use will be analyzed. Consideration will be giv-
en to economics, materials selection, and environmental concerns. Each cadet will perform an
ME 481—Computational Modeling and Virtual Design
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
economic analysis on a cycle design. The use of nuclear energy as a source of thermal energy
will be considered. Prerequisite(s): ME 313, ME 336, and ME 314. Geometric and solid modeling for computational analysis; finite element and finite volume
formulation of the conservation laws, system optimization and rapid prototyping. Focus in on
ME 443—ME Design Competition designing a system, representing that system on the computer, and analyzing it using finite vol-
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 3 ume or finite element techniques. Emphasis is on the use of computer based tools for system
and component design. Prerequisite(s): ME 109, ME 313, ME 314, ME 336 and ME 311.
The first semester of a two semester sequence. A cadet team will design and build a working
device in order to compete in a national design competition. This first course is intended to be
coupled with ME 444 in the spring semester. Prerequisite(s): Permission of department head.
ME 484—Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

ME 444W—Mechanical Engineering Design This course is an introduction to the analysis and design of fiber-reinforced composite
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 3 materials. The course centers upon a semester-long design project. As part of this project,
cadet teams first conduct a literature search to determine types of fiber materials, matrix
A full-semester team-project internship. Cadets in three-person teams serve as consultants
materials and manufacturing methods currently available and present their findings and project
to an industrial client. Emphasis on conducting a professional-level design study, and the
recommendations to the class. The analysis of material response to loading for both lamina
preparation of a verbal, plus written, report to industry. Prerequisite(s): Take ME 419 or ME 425
and laminates is discussed. The cadets, working in teams, then analyze, design, and fabricate a
fiber-reinforced structure. Prerequisite(s): ME 206.
ME 455—Summer Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
ME 485—Advanced Mechanical Design
Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in summer research. Prerequisite(s): Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3
Permission of department head.
Extended use of the finite element method in the design of mechanical elements.
Optimization techniques in mechanical design, dimensional analysis and modeling, graphical
ME 456—Summer Research and analytical synthesis of mechanisms, and selection of motors. There will be a semester long
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
design. The student will have the opportunity to work on a project that includes many of the
Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in summer research. Prerequisite(s): mechanical elements discussed in the previous course work. Prerequisite(s): ME 425
Permission of department head.
ME 486—Topics in Mechanical Engineering
ME 457—Seminar Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
Special topics in mechanical engineering and related areas as suggested by members of
Weekly seminars will cover job placement, graduate schools, ethics, design safety and the faculty and/or cadets. Subjects and content to be announced before the semester being
preparation for the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam. Oral and written reports on engineer- taught. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor. When Offered: Offered as announced.
ing ethics case studies are required.
ME 490—Topics in Mechanical Engineering
ME 458—Seminar Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0
Special topics in mechanical engineering and related areas as suggested by members of
Weekly seminars will provide preparation for the spring Fundamentals of Engineering Exam. the faculty and/or cadets. Subjects and content to be announced before the semester being
taught. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor. When Offered: Offered as announced.
ME 461—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3

Offered to mechanical engineering cadets engaged in research or thesis projects

supervised by the faculty. Credits may be substituted for appropriate mechanical engineering
courses offered in the regular session. Prerequisite(s): Permission of department head and
faculty or senior thesis adviser.

135
Modern Languages Internship (for All Languages)
Department of Modern Languages and Cultures
Department Head: Col. Sunnen

All cadets who enter with two or more entrance units in a modern foreign language original writing. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head and the faculty research
are given placement tests and are placed in appropriate courses on the basis of the adviser; a sound reading knowledge of the principal language; and the ability to synthesize
test results combined with their previous high school language coursework, and after material from original literary and secondary sources, some of which must be written in the
consultation with the department head of modern languages. principal language. Eligibility: students have completed at least 6 hours of composition/ writing
A single year of a foreign language shall count toward meeting graduation require- intensive courses at the junior (300) level in the modern language.
ments only when the cadet is studying a second language or is taking a language as
an elective. ML 455—Summer Research in Modern Languages
Cadets must demonstrate proficiency in ML 101 in order to be admitted into ML 102. and Cultures
They must, similarly, demonstrate proficiency in ML 102 before enrolling in ML 201,
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 5
and in ML 201 before enrolling in ML 202/204. Proficiency in ML 202/204 is a prerequi-
site for admission to 300-level courses. Completion of two 300-level courses or their The above sequence of four courses offers opportunities to qualified students for inde-
equivalent is expected before enrollment in any 400—level course. Once a cadet has pendent study and research into the national literatures and cultures of the Arabic-, Chinese-,
completed work at the 202/204 level, he/she may not return to the elementary level French-, German-, and Spanish-speaking countries of the world. Under faculty supervision, the
course for credit. student will conduct research leading to the composition of one or more pieces of significant,
Cadets who present four years of a high school language or demonstrate native or original writing. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head and the faculty research
near-native language abilities may not enroll at the elementary level of that language. adviser; a sound reading knowledge of the principal language; and the ability to synthesize
Such students will have the choice of enrolling either in the first semester intermediate material from original literary and secondary sources, some of which must be written in the
level of that language or in the first semester elementary course of a different language. principal language. Eligibility: students have completed at least 6 hours of composition/ writing
intensive courses at the junior (300) level in the modern language.
ML 311—Modern Language and Culture Internship
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 ML 456—Summer Research in Modern Languages
Cadets work as interns in a modern language and culture setting where the modern and Cultures
language they are studying is the principal tongue. Fields may include, but are not limited to, Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 6
education, industry, government agencies, and non-government agencies. Cadet interns will
The above sequence of four courses offers opportunities to qualified students for inde-
be expected to submit interim progress reports and a final report, all written in the principal
pendent study and research into the national literatures and cultures of the Arabic-, Chinese-,
language. Under the guidance of a faculty sponsor, who may confer with the representative of
French-, German-, and Spanish-speaking countries of the world. Under faculty supervision, the
the sponsoring organization, the cadet will decide on a suitable project worthy of academic
student will conduct research leading to the composition of one or more pieces of significant,
credit. Prerequisite(s): open only to first and second class MC cadets; permission of the depart-
original writing. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head and the faculty research
ment head and the faculty sponsor; six hours of junior (300) level course work in the principal
adviser; a sound reading knowledge of the principal language; and the ability to synthesize
language, preferably composition and conversation.
material from original literary and secondary sources, some of which must be written in the
principal language. Eligibility: students have completed at least 6 hours of composition/ writing
ML 355—Summer Research in Modern Languages intensive courses at the junior (300) level in the modern language.
and Cultures
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 ML 498—Reading for the Honors Thesis in Modern
The above sequence of four courses offers opportunities to qualified students for inde- Languages and Cultures
pendent study and research into the national literatures and cultures of the Arabic-, Chinese-, Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
French-, German-, and Spanish-speaking countries of the world. Under faculty supervision, the
Cadets will establish a topic for their Honors Thesis with the supervision of a faculty
student will conduct research leading to the composition of one or more pieces of significant,
adviser. They will outline the scope of the research, a method of approach and a
original writing. Prerequisite(s): Permission of the department head and the faculty research
bibliography of works to be read for the Thesis. The cadet will present the above to the
adviser; a sound reading knowledge of the principal language; and the ability to synthesize
faculty mentor for Departmental approval.
material from original literary and secondary sources, some of which must be written in the
principal language. Eligibility: students have completed at least 6 hours of composition/ writing
intensive courses at the junior (300) level in the modern language.
ML 499—Writing Course for the Honors Thesis in Modern
Languages and Cultures
ML 356—Summer Research in Modern Languages Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and Cultures The cadet will address the writing process for the Honors Thesis and establish a
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 4 schedule of drafts for each chapter. The faculty mentor offers critiques of both method
and argument. The project culminates in an oral defense which will be open to the
The above sequence of four courses offers opportunities to qualified students for inde-
public. Upon successful completion of the project, the cadet will receive Departmental
pendent study and research into the national literatures and cultures of the Arabic-, Chinese-,
Honors. Open only to Modern Language majors. Prerequisite(s): successful completion
French-, German-, and Spanish-speaking countries of the world. Under faculty supervision, the
of ML 498.
student will conduct research leading to the composition of one or more pieces of significant,

136
Military Science
Department of Military Science
Department Head: Col. Wawrzyniak

Curriculum is delivered in accordance with applicable service regulation Cadets are required to read selected works on military and organizational leadership
and instruction. throughout the semester and must write short analytical essays. Corequisite(s): MS 319 for seek-
ing/commissioning cadets, or LS 350 for non-commissioning cadets. Failure to take LS 350 with
MS 109—Introduction to the Army & Critical Thinking ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the ROTC course.
Credit Hours: 1

Orients cadets to information and competencies that are central to a commissioned officer’s
MS 310—Applied Team Leadership
Credit Hours: 2
responsibilities in today’s Army. Cadets will gain a basic understanding of the Army values and
culture, officership and leadership skills. Cadets will also learn time management, health and Continues the lessons of MS 309, with greater emphasis on the principles of ethical lead-
physical fitness, critical thinking and basic military skills. Cadets will attend one field training ership. Cadets will be exposed to more detailed information regarding the functions of Army
exercise during the semester where they will focus on the practical application of the basic commanders and staffs, and will learn about the duties and responsibilities of specific Army
skills learned during the course. No lab associated with this course. occupation branches. Through Army values and codified leadership dimensions, cadets will
learn to practice ethical leadership in dealing with external challenges and with their own sub-
MS 110—Introduction to the Profession of Arms ordinates. Superior-subordinate relations and practical counseling techniques are integrated
Credit Hours: 1 into leadership exercises. Cadets are required to read selected works on military organizational
leadership throughout the semester and must write short analytical essays.
Continues to build upon the skills learned in MS 109 with greater emphasis on the principles
Corequisite(s): MS 320 for seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 351 for non-commissioning
of ethical leadership. Cadets will continue to learning the basics of leadership in demanding
cadets. Failure to take LS 351 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the ROTC course.
tactical scenarios. They will practice and improve their basic military skills in marksmanship,
map reading and land navigation and first aid. Cadets will attend one field training exercise
during the semester where they will focus on the practical application of basic military skills,
MS 319—Lab for MS 309
Credit Hours: 0
and the use of teamwork in conducting collective tasks. No lab associated with this course.
The MS Lab focuses on the practical application of the subjects taught in the classroom
MS 209—Innovative Team Leadership during MS 309. Cadets will meet rigorous leadership challenges, reinforced by consistent
Credit Hours: 1 instructor evaluation and mentorship. Leadership exercises will include tactical scenarios as
well as the development and delivery of small group instruction for other cadets. This exten-
MS 209 explores the dimensions of creative and innovative tactical leadership strategies
sive training program also includes physical fitness, marksmanship, land navigation, drill and
and styles by examining team dynamics and two historical leadership theories that form the
ceremonies, mission planning and written and oral communication skills. Cadets are required
basis of the Army leadership framework (trait and behavior theories). Cadets practice aspects
to participate in one field training exercise each semester, in which they will practice both lead-
of personal motivation and team building in the context of planning, executing and assessing
ership and teamwork and demonstrate their tactical and technical proficiency. This laboratory
team exercises and participating in Leadership Labs. Focus is on continued development of
course companions the MS 309 class, and all contracted cadets must take the appropriate lab
the knowledge of leadership values and attributes through an understanding of Army rank
section simultaneously with this class each semester (non-contracted cadets who do not seek
structure, and duties and basic aspects of land navigation and squad tactics. Case studies
a commission will enroll in LS 350).
provide tangible context for learning the Soldier’s Creed and Warrior Ethos as they apply in the
Contemporary Operating Environment (COE). No lab associated with this course.
MS 320—Lab for MS 310
Credit Hours: 0
MS 210—Army Doctrine and Team Development
Credit Hours: 1 The MS Lab focuses on the practical application of the subjects taught in the classroom
during MS 310 . Cadets will meet rigorous leadership challenges, reinforced by consistent
MS 210 introduces Cadets to Modern Army doctrine as well as leadership ethics and
instructor evaluation and mentorship. Leadership exercises will include tactical scenarios as
decision-making. The course highlights dimensions of team building and development. Further
well as the development and delivery of small group instruction for other cadets. This exten-
study of the theoretical basis of the Army leadership framework explores the dynamics of
sive training program also includes physical-fitness, marksmanship, land navigation, drill and
adaptive leadership in the context of military operations. Cadets develop greater self-aware-
ceremonies, mission planning and written and oral communication skills. Cadets are required
ness as they assess their own leadership styles and practice communication and team building
to participate in one field training exercise each semester, in which they will practice both lead-
skills. Practical exercises give insight into the importance and practice of teamwork and tactics
ership and teamwork and demonstrate their tactical and technical proficiency. This laboratory
in real-world scenarios. No lab associated with this course.
course companions the MS 310 class, and all contracted cadets must take the appropriate lab
section simultaneously with those classes each semester (non-contracted cadets who do not
MS 309—Adaptive Team Leadership seek a commission will enroll in LS 351).
Credit Hours: 2

This is the first course in the advanced MSL program, specifically designed to prepare cadets MS 409—Mission Command and the Army Profession
for their responsibilities as Army officers. Emphasis is placed on the practical application of Credit Hours: 2
leadership and the mastery of effective planning, organizational and communication skills
This course begins the cadet’s transition to commissioned officer. Cadets will receive
within the framework of Army doctrine. Cadets will examine Army leadership case studies and
information that enables them to make sound career decisions as they prepare for accession.
models in the search for their own effective leadership style.
The training emphasis moves from the individual and squad level to the platoon level. Cadets

137
will gain specific knowledge and skills that they will need as professional officers, including
training and maintenance management, subordinate counseling and development, Army staff
MS 430—Applied Team Leadership
Credit Hours: 2
operation and Military Justice. Corequisite(s): MS 419 for seeking/commissioning cadets, or
LS 450 for non-commissioning cadets. Failure to take LS 450 with ROTC course will result in a Continues the lessons of MS 429, with greater emphasis on the principles of ethical lead-
grade of F in the ROTC course. ership. Cadets will be exposed to more detailed information regarding the functions of Army
commanders and staffs, and will learn about the duties and responsibilities of specific Army
MS 410—Mission Command and the Company occupation branches. Through Army values and codified leadership dimensions, cadets will

Grade Officer learn to practice ethical leadership in dealing with external challenges and with their own sub-
ordinates. Superior-subordinate relations and practical counseling techniques are integrated
Credit Hours: 2
into leadership exercises. Cadets are required to read selected works on military organizational
This course continues the lessons of MS 409 and completes the transition from cadet to leadership throughout the semester and must write short analytical essays. Note: Instructor
commissioned officer. Cadets will continue to learn the specific management skills they will approval required. This course is the equivalent of MS 310. Corequisite(s): MS 440
need as professional officers. Special emphasis is give to “life skills” that cadets will need as
young lieutenants, such as personal financial management, moving, housing and orientation to MS 439—Lab for MS 429
Army pay and benefits. Cadets will also become familiar with current Army operations world- Credit Hours: 0
wide. Corequisite(s): MS 420 for seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 451 for non-commission-
The MS Lab focuses on the practical application of the subjects taught in the classroom
ing cadets. Failure to take LS 451 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the course.
during MS 429. Cadets will meet rigorous leadership challenges, reinforced by consistent
instructor evaluation and mentorship. Leadership exercises will include tactical scenarios as
MS 419—Advanced MS Lab for MS 409 well as the development and delivery of small group instruction for other cadets. This extensive
Credit Hours: 0
training program also includes physical fitness, land navigation, drill and ceremonies, mission
The Advanced MS Lab focuses on the practical application of the subjects taught in the planning and written and oral communication skills. Cadets are required to participate in one
classroom during MS 409. Emphasis is on the practical knowledge and skills that cadets will field training exercise each semester, in which they will practice both leadership and teamwork
need as commissioned officers and Army platoon leaders. Cadets will practice training man- and demonstrate their tactical and technical proficiency. This laboratory course companions
agement and subordinate development through regular interaction with underclass MS cadets. the MS 429 class, and all contracted cadets must take the appropriate lab section simultane-
They will have numerous opportunities to exercise collective leadership reinforced by consis- ously with those classes each semester. Note: Instructor approval required. This course is the
tent instructor mentorship. Through collective training, they will also maintain their basic mil- equivalent of MS 409. Corequisite(s): MS 429
itary skills throughout the year. Cadets are required to participate in one field training exercise
each semester, in which they will play an active role in planning and conducting training for all MS 440—Lab for MS 430
MS cadets. These laboratory courses are companions to the MS 409 classes, and all contracted Credit Hours: 0
cadets must take the appropriate lab section simultaneously with those classes each semester.
The MS Lab focuses on the practical application of the subjects taught in the classroom
Prerequisite(s): Completion of Cadet Leaders Course (CLC) required for enrollment.
during MS 430. Cadets will meet rigorous leadership challenges, reinforced by consistent
instructor evaluation and mentorship. Leadership exercises will include tactical scenarios as
MS 420—Advanced MS Lab for MS 410 well as the development and delivery of small group instruction for other cadets. This extensive
Credit Hours: 0
training program also includes physical fitness, land navigation, drill and ceremonies, mission
The Advanced MS Lab focuses on the practical application of the subjects taught in the planning and written and oral communication skills. Cadets are required to participate in one
classroom during MS 410 . Emphasis is on the practical knowledge and skills that cadets field training exercise each semester, in which they will practice both leadership and teamwork
will need as commissioned officers and Army platoon leaders. Cadets will practice training and demonstrate their tactical and technical proficiency. This laboratory course companions
management and subordinate development through regular interaction with underclass MS the MS 430 class, and all contracted cadets must take the appropriate lab section simultane-
cadets. They will have numerous opportunities to exercise collective leadership reinforced ously with those classes each semester. Note: Instructor approval required. This course is the
by consistent instructor mentorship. Through collective training, they will also maintain their equivalent of MS 410. Corequisite(s): MS 430
basic military skills throughout the year. Cadets are required to participate in one field training
exercise each semester, in which they will play an active role in planning and conducting
training for all MS cadets. This laboratory course companions the 410 class, and all contracted
cadets must take the appropriate lab section
simultaneously with those classes each semester (non-commissioning cadets will
enroll in LS 451). Prerequisite(s): Completion of Cadet Leaders Course (CLC) required
for enrollment.

MS 429—Adaptive Team Leadership

Credit Hours: 2

This is the first course in the advanced MSL program, specifically designed to prepare cadets
for the responsibilities as Army officers. Emphasis is placed on the practical application of lead-
ership and the mastery of effective planning, organizational and communication skills within
the framework of Army doctrine. Cadets will examine Army leadership case studies and models
in the search for their own effective leadership style.
Cadets are required to read selected works on military and organizational leadership
throughout the semester and must write short analytical essays. Note: Instructor approval
required. This course is the equivalent of MS 309. Corequisite(s): MS 439

138
Naval Science
Department of Naval Science
Department Head: Col. Streeter

Curriculum is delivered in accordance with applicable service regulation and in-

struction. All Navy option scholarship candidates must complete a full year of calculus,
NS 205—Navigation
Credit Hours: 2
calculus-based physics, English, and American military history/national security policy
courses. Additionally, all Navy option candidates are required to take a course which Navy-option. During this course students will develop practical skills in naval piloting
covers the culture of another country or group of people. All Marine option scholarship procedures using charts, visual and electronic aids, and theory and operation of magnetic and
candidates must complete an American military history/national security policy course. gyro compasses, as well as inland and international rules of the nautical road. It will provide a
Substitutions, exceptions, and waivers of these requirements can be authorized only by broad overview of the celestial coordinate system, including spherical trigonometry and how
the Professor of Naval Science. celestial information can be applied to navigation at sea as well as basic principles of environ-
mental factors affecting naval operations. Corequisite(s): NS 211 for seeking/commissioning
NS 101—Introduction to Naval Science cadets only, no lab required if non-commissioning.
Credit Hours: 1

Navy and Marine-option. A general introduction to the Naval profession and to concepts of
NS 206—Evolution of Warfare I
Credit Hours: 1
sea power. This course will cover the mission, organization, and warfare components of the
U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. The course will also provide an overview of officer and enlisted Marine-option. The purpose of the Evolution of Warfare course is to provide the student
ranks and rates, training and education, and career patterns. Additionally, Naval courtesy and with a basic understanding of the concepts and themes of warfare from the beginning of
customs, military justice, leadership, and nomenclature will be examined, as well as the profes- recorded history to the present day. Evolution of Warfare I explores the theory and nature
sional competencies required to become a naval officer. No lab associated with this course. of war from the classical warfare practiced by the ancient Greeks and Romans through the
Gunpowder and 1 st and 2nd Industrial Revolutions. The student will examine the interrelations
NS 102—Sea Power and Maritime Affairs of political, strategic, operational, tactical, and technical aspects of war from the past, while
Credit Hours: 1 bringing into focus the application of these same principles and concepts to the battlefields
of today and the future. No lab associated with this course. Note: No lab associated with
Navy and Marine-option. This course is a survey of the U.S. Naval history, with emphasis
this course.
on major developments. The course examines the geopolitical theory of Mahan and present
day concerns in sea power and maritime affairs, including the economic and political issues
of merchant marine commerce and the law of the sea. Naval aspects of U.S. conflicts from the
NS 211—Navy Lab for NS 205
Credit Hours: 0
American Revolution to Vietnam will also be examined. No lab associated with this course.
Navy-option. Students demonstrate their ability to use skills learned in NS 205 for practical
NS 111—Navy Lab for NS 101 application. Corequisite(s): NS 205
Credit Hours: 0

Navy and USMC option. All Hands Leadership Lab and Drill Period. This practical lab is
NS 216—Navy Lab for NS 206
Credit Hours: 0
designed to reinforce what the student will learn in NS 101 to include practical communications
exercises, maneuvering board problems and review plotting techniques, close order drill, USMC option. All Hands Leadership Lab and Drill Period. This practical lab is designed to
manual of arms, physical fitness training ceremonial functions and required General Military reinforce what the student will learn in NS 206 to include practical communications exercises,
Training. Corequisite(s): NS 101 maneuvering board problems and review plotting techniques, close order drill, manual of
arms, physical fitness training ceremonial functions and required General Military Training.
NS 112—Navy Lab for NS 102 Corequisite(s): NS 206
Credit Hours: 0

Navy and USMC option. All Hands Leadership Lab and Drill Period. This practical lab is
NS 303—Amphibious Warfare
Credit Hours: 2
designed to reinforce what the student will learn in NS 102 to include practical communications
exercises, maneuvering board problems and review plotting techniques, close order drill, Marine-option. The purpose of Amphibious Warfare is to examine the principles of
manual of arms, physical fitness training ceremonial functions and required General Military warfighting from the perspective of amphibious warfare. Amphibious Warfare will cover the
Training. Corequisite(s): NS 102 time period from Marathon through current amphibious operations, with special emphasis on
the many amphibious operations conducted in both the European and Pacific Theaters of the
NS 203—Leadership and Management WWII period. This Class looks at the evolution and development of tactics, techniques, and
Credit Hours: 1 supporting equipment that facilitate warfighting at the Strategic, Operational, and Tactical
level of warfighting. The student will use the information provided in these classes to build
Navy and Marine-option. This course examines the organizational behavior, management,
a foundation of knowledge for decision-making and further examination of the factors that
and leadership principles in the context of naval organization. The course will also cover
affect amphibious warfare. Corequisite(s): NS 313 for seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 350
management functions of planning, organizing, and controlling; individual and group behavior
for non-commissioning. Failure to take LS 350 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the
in organizations; motivation and leadership. Experiential exercises, case studies, and laboratory
ROTC course.
discussions will be incorporated to apply the concepts, emphasizing decision making, commu-
nication, responsibility, authority, and accountability. No lab associated with this course. Note:
No lab associated with this course.

139
The course will also address the surface, submarine, aviation, and special warfare communities
NS 304—USMC Small Unit Leadership, Weapons, to help prepare midshipmen for service assignment. Corequisite(s): NS 308 for commissioning
and Tactics cadets, or LS 350 for non-commissioning.
Credit Hours: 2

Marine-option Scholarship, College Program (AS), and contracted PLC/OCC candidates. The
NS 319—Navy Lab for NS 309
Credit Hours: 0
purpose of this class is to prepare Marine Corps OCS bound cadets for the academic, moral,
and physical challenges they will face during the upcoming summer. The subjects covered in- Navy option. All Hands Leadership Lab and Drill Period. This practical lab is designed to
clude operation orders, small unit tactics, leadership principles, Marine Corps history, customs reinforce what the student will learn in NS 309 to include practical communications exercises,
and courtesies, and weapons. This class focuses on mastery of the tasks that will be required maneuvering board problems and review plotting techniques, close order drill, manual of
for successful completion for Marine Corps Officer Candidates School. In addition, the devel- arms, physical fitness training ceremonial functions and required General Military Training.
opment of effective communication skills, command presence, peer leadership, time-com-
pressed decision-making abilities, and general military subjects will also be evaluated. The NS 402—Leadership and Ethics
students will apply this knowledge for successful graduation of Officer Candidates School. Credit Hours: 2
Corequisite(s): NS 314 for seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 351 for non-commissioning.
Navy and Marine-option (Seniors). A seminar that prepares future leaders by exploring
Failure to take LS 351 with the ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the ROTC course.
and applying a diverse range of leadership and ethical tools to enhance objective, sound,
and timely decision-making in the most challenging environments. This course emphasizes
NS 308—Naval Engineering the importance of leadership that adheres to the highest standards of character and integrity.
Credit Hours: 2
It is a “Leadership Seminar” where fundamentals and applications of leadership and ethics
Navy-option. This course provides the student with a detailed study of ship characteristics will be discussed. Note: This is the capstone course within the NROTC academic curriculum.
and types, including ship design and control, propulsion, hydrodynamic forces, stability, Corequisite(s): NS 412 for Navy seeking/commissioning cadets, NS 414 for Marine commission-
compartmentalization, and electrical and auxiliary systems. Also included are basic concepts of ing cadets, or LS 451 for non-commissioning cadets. Failure to take LS 451 with ROTC course
the theory and design of steam, gas turbine, and nuclear propulsion. Corequisite(s): NS 318 for will result in a grade of F in the course.
seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 350 for non-commissioning. Failure to take LS 350 with
ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the ROTC course. NS 403—Evolution of Warfare II
Credit Hours: 2
NS 309—Naval Weapons Systems Marine-option. This is a continuation of the study of the art and concepts of warfare exam-
Credit Hours: 2
ined in Evolution of Warfare I. Evolution of Warfare II explores the changes in the theory and
Navy-option. This course introduces the student to the theory and employment of weapons nature of war from the 2nd Industrial Revolution through contemporary warfare, as well as the
systems, including the processes of detection, evaluation, threat analysis, weapon selection, potential future of warfare. Future Marine officers will examine the interrelations of political,
delivery, guidance, and explosives. The student will also become familiar with fire control strategic, operational, tactical, and technical aspects of war from the past, while bringing into
systems and major weapons types, including capabilities and limitations, physical aspects of focus the application of these same principles and concepts to the battlefields of today and the
radar and underwater sound, and facets of command, control, and communications as means future. Corequisite(s): NS 413 for seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 450 for non-commis-
of weapons system integration. No lab associated with this course. Note: No lab associated with sioning. Failure to take LS 450 with ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the course.
this course.
NS 408—Naval Operations and Seamanship
NS 313—Marine Lab for NS 303 Credit Hours: 2
Credit Hours: 0
Navy-option. Relative motion vector analysis theory, formation tactics, and ship employ-
Marine-option. The purpose of the lab is to provide the student further understanding of ment; practical skills in relative motion problems. Controllable and non-controllable forces
the fundamentals of Amphibious Warfare through the review of case studies and practical in ship handling, ship behavior, and maneuvering characteristics; various methods of visual
application of the USMC war fighting principles. In addition, subject such as introductory communication, including flag hoist, flashing light, and semaphore. Corequisite(s): NS 411 for
Marine Corps customs and courtesies, leadership, traditions, and tactical decision games will seeking/commissioning cadets, or LS 450 for non-commissioning. Failure to take LS 450 with
supplement the learning environment. Corequisite(s): NS 303 for commissioning cadets, or LS ROTC course will result in a grade of F in the course.
350 for non-commissioning.
NS 411—Navy Lab for NS 408
NS 314—Marine Lab for NS 304 Credit Hours: 0
Credit Hours: 0
Navy-option. This lab is designed to reinforce what the student will learn in NS 408 to
Marine-option Scholarship, College Program (AS), and contracted PLC/OCC candidates. The include practical communications exercises, maneuvering board problems and review plotting
purpose of the lab is to provide further mastery through practical application of the subjects techniques learned in NS 205. Corequisite(s): NS 408.
presented in the core curriculum. This included communication and decision-making evalua-
tions, assessment of peer leadership skills, land navigation, military drill, and scenario-based NS 412—Navy Lab for NS 402
leadership reaction exercises. Corequisite(s): NS 304 for commissioning cadets, or LS 351 for Credit Hours: 0
non-commissioning.
Navy-option. A continuation of NS 411, this lab is designed to reinforce the basic skills,
organizational knowledge and command techniques that prospective ensigns will employ in
NS 318—Naval Lab for NS 308 the Naval Operating Forces. The class ties together the leadership application for Naval officers
Credit Hours: 0
with regard to counseling, financial planning, deployments and career management for
Navy-option. The purpose of this lab is to reinforce topics covered in Naval Engineering as surface, sub-surface, aviation and special warfare officers. Corequisite(s): NS 402.
well as providing instruction that will prepare midshipmen for their first class summer cruise.

140
NS 413—Marine Lab for NS 403 NS 414—Marine Lab for NS 402
Credit Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0

Marine-option. This lab is designed to reinforce the basic skills, organizational knowledge Marine-option. This lab is designed to reinforce the basic skills, organizational knowledge
and command techniques that prospective second lieutenants will employ in the Fleet Marine and command techniques that prospective second lieutenants will employ in the Fleet Marine
Force (FMF). The course will address such basic skills as leading Marines, professional devel- Force (FMF). The course will address such topics as USMC and sister service mission and
opment, counseling and performance evaluation, training, operational risk management and capabilities, operations and tactics, tactical decision making, and commissioning preparation.
basic officer administration. Corequisite(s): NS 403. Corequisite(s): NS 402.

Physical Education
Department of Physical Education
Department Head: Col. Coale

Classes prior to 2016: PE 102—Boxing

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
All cadets are required to take seven consecutive semesters of physical education
classes and earn four semester credit hours (exclusive of any 3 credit hour course), to Instruction in the fundamentals of boxing. Note: This is a required PE course and should be
meet graduation requirements. New cadets do not take a physical education class first taken during the cadet’s 4th class year.
semester of their rat year. Second semester of their rat year, and first semester of the
third class year, cadets will take either Swimming (PE 100 or 101), or Boxing (PE 102). PE 105—Wellness Concepts
Second semester of the third class year, and first semester of the second class year, ca- Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5
dets will take either Drug and Alcohol (PE 200), or Wrestling (PE 211). Second semester
This course will provide an introduction to basic nutrition and dimensions of wellness.
of the second class year, and first semester of the first class year, cadets will take either
Major topics will include, choosing a nutritious diet, maintaining healthy body composition and
Principles of Physical Conditioning (PE 300), or a PE elective course. Second semester
body weight, managing stress, avoiding risks from harmful habits, and sexual health. Note: This
of the first class year cadets will take a PE elective course.
is a required PE course and should be taken during the cadet’s 4th class year.

Class of 2016 and beyond: PE 190—Independent Research

All cadets are required to take seven semesters of physical education classes, Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3
and earn four semester credit hours (exclusive of any 3 credit hour course) to meet
This course is for rising third classmen pursuing research during the summer. Permission of
graduation requirements. New cadets are required to take Wellness Concepts (PE 105),
instructor and department head required.
and Boxing PE 102 during their fourth-class year. Third-class year cadets are required
to take Swimming (PE 100 or 101), and Principles of Physical Education (PE 300). Cadets
will take two PE Elective courses during their second-class year. Cadets will also take a
PE 200—Drug and Alcohol Abuse Awareness
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5
PE elective during the first semester of their first-class year to complete their Physical
Education requirements. There is no PE requirement (OPEN semester), for the second A review of the current understanding of the short-term and long-term effects of the
semester of the first-class year. To accommodate special circumstances that may arise, chronic use of drugs and alcohol. Confrontation and intervention techniques will be taught.
such as study abroad and medical/health issues, the OPEN semester may occur during Current laws will be reviewed. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
the fall/spring of the second-class year, or the fall of the first class year. electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

NS 213—Navy Lab for NS 203 PE 211—Wrestling

Credit Hours: 0 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

Navy and USMC option. All Hands Leadership Lab and Drill Period. This practical lab is Fundamentals of wrestling. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
designed to reinforce what the student will learn in NS 203 to include practical communications electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
exercises, maneuvering board problems and review plotting techniques, close order drill,
manual of arms, physical fitness training ceremonial functions and required General Military PE 212—Advanced Boxing
Training. Corequisite(s): NS 206 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

This course will review the skills and techniques covered in the required boxing course (PE
PE 100—Beginning Swimming 102), and introduce more advanced level work from both the offensive and defensive perspec-
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 0.5
tive. Emphasis will also be placed on ring strategy and scoring. Prerequisite(s): PE 100 or PE 101,
This course is for non-swimmers only. Note: Instructor approval required. PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

PE 101—Basic Swimming and Survival PE 213—Global Food and Nutrition

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

Stressed are the basic strokes, survival support, breath control skills, and pre-lifesaving This course, PE 213, examines food culture, health, and nutrition of various populations
skills. Note: This is required PE course and should be taken during the cadet’s 3rd class year. around the world—and explore factors that influence food availability and health. Lifestyle

141
choices that appear to lead to optimal long-term health will be identified and discussed. courses must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE
Prerequisite(s): PE 100 or PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300 105, & PE 300

PE 290—Independent Research PE 323—Cadet Peer Health/Wellness Education

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3 Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5

This course is for rising second classmen pursuing research during the summer. Permission An examination of the theory and practice of peer health/wellness education and peer
of instructor and department head required. support and approaches to each in higher education. Course will equip cadets to deliver peer
health/wellness education and peer support to the Corps of Cadets. Course will serve as a
PE 300—Principles of Physical Conditioning prerequisite for Cadet Peer Educator (CPE) membership which is a service group supervised by
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 1 the VMI Center for Cadet Counseling. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to
taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
An elementary course in exercise physiology. Note: This is a required PE course and should
be taken during the cadet’s 3 class year.
rd
PE 324—Exercise Physiology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 4
PE 303—Karate
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5 This course will examine how the body responds and adapts to exercise. It will focus on a
study of the metabolic, muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory changes associated with both
This course is designed to be a basic karate course. Cadets will be taught defense against
aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Emphasis will be placed on the application of our physiologic
either violent or minor attacks from various situations. The cadets will learn a range of
understanding of exercise to developing training programs and improving performance. The
self-defense techniques involving: holds, escapes, and locks. Observation and awareness
laboratory component will introduce students to state of art equipment used to assess different
skills of one’s surrounding will also be taught to avoid and prevent trouble or problems before
components of fitness. Data collection and analysis will be emphasized. Note: This course does
they develop. Safety in training will be strictly emphasized during class. Note: All required P.E.
not count as a PE elective. Prerequisite(s): BI 101 & BI 102 or permission of instructor.
courses must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE
105, & PE 300
PE 325—Understanding Sports Injuries
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 306—Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5 The purpose of this course is to provide an overview in the preventing, recognition, and
treatment common sports injuries that occur within the active population. Course content will
This course will examine the anatomy and function of the cardiovascular system as well as
include anatomical terminology, and mechanisms of injuries. Note: All required P.E. courses
the influence of diet and exercise on the body. Emphasis will be on long-term healthy lifestyle
must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, &
management for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Students will also learn to development
PE 300
nutrition and exercise plans for various cardiovascular health conditions. Note: All required P.E.
courses must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE
105, & PE 300
PE 326—Dynamic Stretching & Speedwork for Running
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5

PE 315—Combatives This course is designed to assist cadets in improving running form and speed, specifically
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5 for a 1.5 mile run. This is a skills based class where cadets will learn how to use dynamic
stretching for running, complete high intensity track workouts, and develop training plans
The purpose of this course is to teach cadets basic grappling techniques in accordance with
to achieve specific training goals. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to
the United States Army’s Level One combative program. Note: All required P.E. courses must be
taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

PE 321—Leadership Exercise and Sport PE 327—Passive Stretching and Yoga Exercise

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
This course is an introduction to passive stretching techniques. Concepts taught in PE
This course will provide the student with an introduction to leadership theories and prac-
300 Principles of Conditioning will be reviewed and implemented throughout the semester.
tices, exercise physology and physical training. Basic concepts and components of leadership
Content will combine theory and movement. Class periods will be broken up into mini lectures
within the exercise and sporting environment will be introduced so that the student may use
followed by activity. Both western and eastern approaches will be covered. Note: All required
this knowledge for the promotion of his/her personal fitness benefits. Note: All required P.E.
P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102,
courses must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE
PE 105, & PE 300
105, & PE 300

PE 322—Leadership in Adventue Programming PE 328—Stress Reduction and Mindfulness

Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
This course is introductory and provides students with both theoretical material and
Leadership in Adventure Programming is designed to develop cadets’ leadership skills in
experiential practice in the area of stress reduction and mindfulness. History, efficacy and the
the outdoor adventure setting. Cadets will be exposed to outdoor leadership theories, and
application of stress reduction/mindfulness practice serve as foundation to specific exercises/
learn how to apply them in a practical setting. An examination of basic learning styles, with
techniques (e.g., breathing, yoga, and imagery) taught. Students are given tools to practice and
an emphasis on how to adapt leadership styles in order to facilitate group success will be
thereby implement a stress reduction/mindfulness practice for the semester. These techniques
covered. Topics include: Functions of Outdoor Leadership, Conditional Outdoor Leadership
can be utilized throughout the students’ life. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed
Theory (COLT), Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle, Program Planning, Sequencing, Facilitation
prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
and Debriefing Skills, Group Formation Theory and Risk Management. Note: All required P.E.

142
PE 340—Teaching Mentorship in Physical Education PE 406—Handball/Racquetball
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1-3 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

Students with at least a 3.0 GPA in their major and who earn an A or a B in a Physical A beginning course. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
Education course, or by approval of the Department Head, may serve as a teaching assistant electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
for a portion of a Physical Education course in a subsequent semester. The teaching mentee’s
duties may vary, but a mentee must meet with his/her mentoring professor weekly and attend PE 407—Volleyball
all class meetings of the course. Student duties will be determined by the course professor Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
and approved by the Department Head. Duties will include: meeting with the professor each
A beginning course. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
week to discuss teaching strategies and assisting the professor by helping prepare classrooms,
electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
equipment, quizzes and/or practicals, and assisting with teaching in the course. This is a
pass/fail course. It may only be taken once and it can count as an exercise science elective.
Registration for this course requires Department Head approval.
PE 409—Tennis
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

PE 380—Kinesiology and Functional Anatomy A beginning course. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 3 electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

This course is designed to provide the cadet with a comprehension of human move-
ment. Subject matter includes musculoskeletal anatomy, joint structure and function, and
PE 411—Fundamentals of Resistance Training
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5
biomechanics. The cadet is prepared to identify the various phases of motion and explain the
mechanical significance of each in producing the desired outcome. Note: This course does not Fundamentals of weightlifting. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to
count as a PE elective. taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

PE 390—Independent Research PE 412—Weight Training

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

This course is for rising first classmen pursuing research during the summer. Permission of This will be an activity course designed to give cadets “hands-on” exposure to various types
instructor and department head required. of resistive training programs. Cadets will actively participate in a variety of predetermined
functional lifting programs relative to all of the components (strength, power, endurance)
PE 401—Golf of muscular development. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5 electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

A beginning course. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to
taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
PE 413—Cardiovascular Training Application
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5

PE 402—Lifeguarding This is an activity course designed to expose cadets to various types of training programs.
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5 A cross-training approach will be utilized requiring cadet participation on a weekly basis with
regard to a variety of aerobic and anaerobic training adaptations. This course is designed to be
Successful completion leads to certification as a lifeguard. Note: All required P.E. courses
physically demanding. It will not only help cadets attain a higher level of fitness, it will also give
must be completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, PE
them an opportunity to learn different training adaptations which they can utilize beyond their
300, & PE 404
VMI experience. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking electives.
Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
PE 403—Advanced Swimming and Survival
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 414—Basketball
The course is designed for advance swimming and survival techniques. The course will Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 1 Credit Hours: 0.5
cover strokes, conditioning, surface diving, snorkel introduction, underwater retrieval of gear,
This course will introduce cadets to the basic rules and skills of basketball as well as teach
and advance survival techniques. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to
offensive and defensive principles. Individual skills and team concepts will be covered. This
taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
course will have a high activity/fitness component. Note: All required P.E. courses must be
completed prior to taking electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
PE 404—C.P.R.
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5
PE 430—Health Education
Successful completion confers American Red Cross certification. This course is a prerequi- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
site for PE 402, Lifeguarding. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking
Topics to be studied include: recognition and management of stress, intervention and
electives. Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300
confrontation in drug/alcohol abuse, sexuality, AIDS, and other sexually-transmitted diseases,
and other subjects such as nutrition, genetic counseling, cardiovascular health, and cancer.
PE 405—Dietary Supplements Note: This course does not count as a PE elective.
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 0.5

Provides information on the benefits and detriments of common physical performance

stimulants. Note: All required P.E. courses must be completed prior to taking electives.
Prerequisite(s): PE 100/PE 101, PE 102, PE 105, & PE 300

143
PE 431—Physical Activity and Wellness Through
the Lifespan
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course presents an overview of the benefits of lifespan physical activity and structured
exercise programs for adults. Students will examine the changes that occur during exercise as
it influences persons of all ages, including individuals with special medical considerations. The
cadets will learn to develop exercise and fitness programs specifically for adults based upon
age, medical conditions, and special needs. Cadets focus on the psychosocial factors related to
participants and their motivated behaviors, including adoption, adherence, and compliance, in
physical activity and exercise. Note: This course does not count as a PE elective.

PE 432—Concepts of Strength Training and Conditioning

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course provides principles and theories related to strength training and conditioning.
Concepts and applications in exercise testing and evaluation; program design, implementation,
and evaluation; facility planning and administration, as well as safety procedures are discussed.
Note: This course does not count as a PE elective.

PE 433—Nutrition
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Designed to make students think about their food choices and the impact of those choices
on their health. Basic concepts of nutrition including, nutrient digestion, absorption, and trans-
port, energy balance, diet planning, and vitamin and mineral requirements will be discussed.
Particular attention will be focused on the role of nutrition in the development of chronic
diseases. Students will use computer software to analyze their diets and to develop balanced
meal plans for themselves and others. Note: This course does not count as a PE elective.

PE 434—Integrative Medicine and Exercise

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course will examine approaches that were once considered alternative and comple-
mentary but are now being used within traditional western medicine—relative to the field
of medicine and the wellness component of fitness. These approaches include exercise,
mindfulness, meditation, tai chi, yoga, Qi Gong, traditional Chinese medicine, music therapy
and acupuncture.

PE 490—Exercise Science Internship

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

144
Psychology
Department of Psychology
Department Head: Col. Gire

Requirements for a major in psychology are specified in Psychology.

Note: A grade of C or higher is required in PS 201 for all upper level PS courses
PS 293—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 8 Credit Hours: 4
starting with the Class of 2014.
These courses are for rising second classmen pursuing research during the summer.
PS 201—Introduction to Psychology Permission of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 grade of C.

Principles of human and animal behavior including brain function, motivation, learning,
thinking, perception, emotions, personality, attitudes, and aptitudes. This course is a prerequi-
PS 301—Psychology of Learning
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
site for all other courses in psychology.
The empirical and theoretical examination of learning and memory. Topics covered include
PS 202—Introduction to Research Methods conditioning, discrimination, short-term and long-term retention. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 minimum grade of C.

Provides the foundation for understanding, interpreting, and designing psychological

research. Topics include developing a research question, types of variables and how they
PS 302—Social Psychology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
are measured, participant selection techniques, nonexperimental and experimental research
methods, ethics in psychology, and the communication of scientific research in a standard Behavior and experiences of the individual in society, group dynamics and social institu-
format. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C. tions, human relations, morale and leadership. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade
of C.
PS 205—Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 PS 304—Educational Psychology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course builds upon research methodology developed in PS202 and briefly reviews crit-
ical concepts from MA106. Additionally, students will learn statistical techniques for analyzing Emphasis is upon learning and instruction by cadets and teacher. Educational theories and
both categorical and continuous data. Topics include analysis of variance, covariate analyses, their practice are explored through tutoring in the local schools and colleges. Useful whether
chi-square tests, nonparametric tests, and reliability analyses. Students will be immersed or not the cadet plans a teaching career. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
in hands-on SPSS lab work throughout. Coursework culminates with a final project that is
based on a publicly sourced dataset provided by the instructor. Students will design their own PS 305—Abnormal Psychology
research question, create hypotheses, and test those hypotheses using analytical techniques Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
learned in the course Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202.
An introductory course on the scientific study and treatment of deviant human behavior.
This course will briefly trace the history of treatment of psychological disorder from the middle
PS 290—Independent Research ages to the present, extensively describe important determinants of personality, causes of ab-
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 2
normal behavior (psychogenic and organic), describe major personality theories and methods
These courses are for third classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring of therapy. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with
a minimum grade of C. PS 307—Developmental Psychology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
PS 291—Independent Research A survey of human growth and development, this course presents a life-span approach
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 6 Credit Hours: 3
to the important, modern forces which have the greatest impact on the life changes of the
These courses are for third classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring individual. Opportunities to apply textbook theories and principles will be provided throughout
semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with the semester. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C or permission of instructor.
a minimum grade of C.
PS 308—Motivation
PS 292—Independent Research Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 2
Motivation is a theoretical concept that accounts for those factors that influence the arousal
These courses are for rising second classmen pursuing research during the summer. of behavior, the direction of behavior, and the persistence of behavior. PS 308 is about the
Permission of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum motivational determinants of behavior in organizations. It deals extensively with motivation
grade of C. theory, research, and practice, including such topics as how job design, leadership style, and
pay systems affect work motivation and job satisfaction. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum
grade of C.

145
treatment outcomes is emphasized. Research, legal, and ethical issues are examined. Students
PS 309—Fundamentals of Biopsychology (formerly PS will learn basic counseling and communication skills through lecture, demonstration, and
203—Biopsychology I) experiential exercises. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to the study of the biological bases of behavior, with emphases on

PS 319—Creative and Critical Thinking
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, biopsychological research methods, and sensory
and motor systems. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C. This elective is designed to (1) examine the theories, research, competencies, and processes
associated with creative and critical thinking and (2) enhance the student’s proficiency in
PS 313—Forensic Psychology innovative, disciplined and discerning thinking. The course will explore the cognitive skills that
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 allow one to deal with issues, problems, and challenging situations requiring creative solutions
and/or critical analysis. Course topics include metacognition, cognitive style, the creative
Criminal behavior is studied from the psychological perspective. The criminal offender is
problem-solving process, creative climate, being a fair-minded thinker, the elements of critical
portrayed as being embedded in and continually influenced by multiple systems within the
thinking, irrational thinking, and recognizing propaganda and fallacies. Prerequisite(s): PS 201
psychosocial environment. Topics include: biological and learning factors of criminal behavior,
with a minimum grade of C.
juvenile delinquency, the psychopath, the mentally disordered offender, aggression and
violence, homicide, sexual offenses, economic crime, drugs, and more. Prerequisite(s): PS 201
with a minimum grade of C, and PS 305.
PS 320—Positive Psychology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

PS 314—Physiology and Behavior (formerly PS 204— This course will provide an introduction to key concepts in the area of Positive Psychology.

Biopsychology II) Major topics will include happiness, flow, optimism, forgiveness, goal setting and mindfulness.
Class discussions will include a mix of theoretical perspectives, examinations of empirical
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
studies and methods for applying key findings to one’s own life. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a
An in-depth discussion of the physiological mechanisms underlying behavior. Topics minimum grade of C.
include brain damage and neuroplasticity, learning and memory, and motivation and emotion.
Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C. PS 321—Stress and Health
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
PS 315—Theories of Personality This seminar-style course provides an overview of physiological stress-response systems
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
and an in-depth analysis of topics pertaining to the relationship between stress and health/
A study of the structure of personality and the dimensions along which individuals differ. illness. Major topics include: theories of stress, physiological response patterning in stress and
The contributions of major personality theorists and the implications of current research are emotion, psychological states and traits moderating the stress-illness relationship, cardiovas-
considered for trait, biological, psychoanalytical, behavioristic, cognitive, humanistic, and cular stress-reactivity, social psychophysiology, coronary-prone behavior, and psychoneuro-
cross-cultural approaches. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C. immunology. Theoretical perspectives and empirical studies are examined and course content
is organized around a reading list. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
PS 316—Psychology Internship
Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 4 Credit Hours: 3 PS 322—Psychological Assessment
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Cadets serve as interns in various psychology-related external agencies under the
supervision of a member of the PS faculty in cooperation with officials of the external agency. Students will learn to administer, score, and interpret a standard psychological test battery.
Coursework will involve selected readings, completion of an appropriate project designed in Tests include structured clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires, and performance-based
conjunction with agency staff, and a final report presented orally and in writing to supervising tests. Each student will present life history and testing data obtained from a volunteer subject,
faculty. The report will follow American Psychological Association format. This course may and offer empirical and theory-based interpretations of test findings. Each psychological
be repeated once for a total of 6 semester credits. Cadets must enroll in this course at VMI assessment constitutes a comprehensive, in-depth case study of a single subject that will
before they can be allowed to proceed with the internship. Open to rising first classmen and illustrate critical concepts in personality science, psychometrics, and psychopathology. Test
second-class PS majors. A cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher is required. construction, test theory, ethics, critical thinking, and therapeutic assessment practices will be
explored. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
PS 317—Sports Psychology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 PS 344—Leadership in Organizations
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course examines the way people think, feel, and behave during sport and exercise ac-
tivities and the practical application of that knowledge. The specific course objectives are to: a) The focus is on the interaction between leaders, followers, and the situational context of the
increase understanding of how psychological factors influence performance in sports, b) help leadership process. Students study the leader’s direct influence on individual motivation and
acquire skills and knowledge about sport psychology that one can apply as an athlete, a sports group processes through the application of leadership theories, skills, and attributes. They also
team leader, or a coach, and c) provide keys to optimal experiences and performances in sport, learn how to influence subordinates indirectly through organizational systems, procedures,
and gain skills that help more consistently experience “flow,” being in the zone,” or “feeling on culture, and ethical climate. The design of the course includes self-assessment, self-disclosure,
a high” in sports. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C. small group exercises in contrived situations, and analysis of case studies.

PS 318—Introduction to Counseling and Psychotherapy PS 351—Biological Psychology Laboratory

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1

An overview of the major concepts of contemporary therapeutic systems and an intro- A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to biological psy-
duction to the elements of effective counseling and psychotherapy. Empirical evaluation of chology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication

146
of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205. Corequisite(s):
PS 309 or PS 314.
PS 391—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 2-4

PS 352—Health Psychology Laboratory These courses are for second classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1 semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with
a minimum grade of C.
A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to health psy-
chology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication
of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205.
PS 392—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 2-4

PS 353—Psychology of Learning Laboratory These courses are for rising first classmen pursuing research during the summer. Permission
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1 of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.

A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to the psy-
chology of learning. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and
PS 393—Independent Research
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 2-4
communication of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS
205. Corequisite(s): PS 301 These courses are for rising first classmen pursuing research during the summer. Permission
of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
PS 354—Social Psychology Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1 PS 401—Psychology of Cognition
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to social psy-
chology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication An introductory course on human cognition. Topics include perception, attention, memory,
of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205. Corequisite(s): visual knowledge, decision-making, problem solving, language, and consciousness. Emphasis
PS 302 will be placed on examining different approaches for studying and defining cognition, as well
as the contributions that neuroscientific research has made to the field. Prerequisite(s): PS 201
PS 355—Abnormal Psychology Laboratory with a minimum grade of C.
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1

A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to abnormal psy-
PS 402W—Advanced Research Methods (formerly
chology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication Research Methods in Psychology)
of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205. Corequisite(s): Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
PS 305
A course covering the principal areas of general and experimental psychology. Note: Writing
Intensive Course (W). Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C, PS 202, & PS 205.
PS 356—Developmental Psychology Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1
PS 403W—Independent Project
A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to develop- Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
mental psychology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and
A continuation of PS 402W. Note: Writing Intensive Course (W). Prerequisite(s): PS 402W
communication of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205.
Corequisite(s): PS 307
PS 404—History and Systems in Psychology
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
PS 357—Personality Psychology Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1 This course is designed for psychology majors and is a requirement for graduation. It
provides an in depth review of historical events and figures leading to the emergence of the
A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to personality
science of psychology and the development of major psychological theories. The philosoph-
psychology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communica-
ical and scientific origins of psychology as a science are analyzed as well as the impact of
tion of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205.
emerging movements on important psychologists. The focus of much of the reading is the
history of psychology as reflected by the individuals, theories, and experimental investigations
PS 358—Positive Psychology Laboratory of this discipline. Rather than focus on broad philosophical and historical issues, the course is
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1
aimed at specific emerging philosophical trends that lead to the development of the discipline.
A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to positive psy- Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C.
chology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication
of results. Note: Cadets are strongly encouraged to take PS 320 as a prereq/coreq for this lab. PS 451—Cognitive Psychology Laboratory
Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205. Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1

A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to cognitive psy-
PS 390—Independent Research chology. The lab emphasizes scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 4-8 Credit Hours: 2-4
of results. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205. Corequisite(s):
These courses are for second classmen pursuing research during the fall and/or spring PS 401
semesters. Permission of instructor and department head required. Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with
a minimum grade of C.

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PS 452—History and Systems Laboratory PS 492—Supervised Research II
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 1 Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 103

A laboratory course for students participating in scientific research related to popular Normally a two-semester sequence for first class psychology majors who intend to pursue
psychological myths and the classic studies that changed psychology. The lab emphasizes graduate studies. Each cadet will design and conduct an experiment under faculty supervi-
replication, scientific observation, analytical techniques, and communication of results. sion. Final presentation will include a paper in American Psychological Association format.
Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C & PS 202 and PS 205. Corequisite(s): PS 404 Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C or permission of the department head.

PS 491—Supervised Research I PS 495W—Independent Project in Leadership Studies

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-6 Credit Hours: 1-3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Normally a two-semester sequence for first class psychology majors who intend to pursue Each student works under the close supervision of a faculty member on an independent
graduate studies. Each cadet will design and conduct an experiment under faculty supervi- problem related to leadership studies. Requires research and writing of substantial paper(s) and
sion. Final presentation will include a paper in American Psychological Association format. an oral examination in defense of the project. Note: PS 495 is a required course for the minor in
Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C or permission of the department head. Leadership Studies.
Writing Intensive Course (W). Prerequisite(s): PS 201 with a minimum grade of C, PS 344, and
permission of the department head.

Physics
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Department Head: Col. Hodges

Requirements for a major in physics are specified in Physics and Astronomy.

PY 156—General Physics Laboratory II
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1
PY 115—Laboratory for PY 120
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 A laboratory course to investigate the concepts covered in PY 121 or PY 161. Computer gen-
erated graphs, spreadsheets, and regression analysis are required for most experiments. Note:
A laboratory course to investigate the concepts covered in PY 120. Computer gener-
Satisfies core curriculum science requirement. Corequisite(s): PY 121 or PY 161.
ated graphs, spreadsheets, and regression analysis are required for most experiments.
Corequisite(s): PY 120
PY 160—General Physics I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
PY 116—Laboratory for PY 121
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 This calculus-based sequence constitutes a general course in physics covering the topics of
mechanics, thermodynamics, waves and sound, electricity and magnetism and optics. This se-
A laboratory course to investigate the concepts covered in PY 121. Computer gener-
quence is for physics, chemistry, applied mathematics, and engineering majors. Note: Satisfies
ated graphs, spreadsheets, and regression analysis are required for most experiments.
core curriculum science requirement. Prerequisite(s): MA 123 Corequisite(s): MA 123 and PY 155.
Corequisite(s): PY 121

PY 120—General Physics I PY 161—General Physics II

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This calculus-based sequence constitutes a general course in physics covering the topics of
Designed as an Algebra based terminal course in physics, this sequence is a survey of the
mechanics, thermodynamics, waves and sound, electricity and magnetism and optics. This se-
concepts and theories of classical and modern physical science. (This course does not satisfy
quence is for physics, chemistry, applied mathematics, and engineering majors. Note: Satisfies
the core curriculum science requirement.) Corequisite(s): PY 115 or PY 155
core curriculum science requirement. Prerequisite(s): PY 160 Corequisite(s): PY 156

PY 121—General Physics II PY 222—Thermal/Fluid Sciences

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Designed as an Algebra based terminal course in physics, this sequence is a survey of the
This is a first course in thermal-fluid sciences. The objective is to cover the basic principles
concepts and theories of classical and modern physical science. (This course does not satisfy
of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. Diverse real-world examples are
the core curriculum science requirement.) Prerequisite(s): PY 120 Corequisite(s): PY 116 or
presented to give students a feel for how thermal-fluid sciences are applied in practice. By
PY 156
emphasizing the physics and physical arguments, students are able to develop intuitive under-
standing of thermal-fluid sciences. Any cadet interested in a Navy commission should consider
PY 155—General Physics Laboratory I this course. This course is intended for majors other than ME.
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1

A laboratory course to investigate the concepts covered in PY 120 or PY 160. Computer PY 223—Programming and Data Analysis
generated graphs, spreadsheets, and regression analysis are required for most experiments. Lecture Hours: 1 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 2
Note: Satisfies core curriculum science requirement. Corequisite(s): PY 120 or PY 160.
An introduction to some of the techniques and tools used by practicing physicists. Includes
an introduction to MATLAB programming with emphasis on programming fundamentals,

148
standard input/output techniques, and data handling. Students learn how to use the Mathcad
software program to do numerical analysis as well as symbolic calculations. Data and error
PY 333W—Modern Physics Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1
analysis beyond the fundamentals is introduced and includes such topics as regression analy-
sis, weighted averages, error propagation, and data analysis. A laboratory course to accompany PY 335—Modern Physics I. Elementary experiments in
both atomic and nuclear physics will be performed. Corequisite(s): PY 335 Writing Intensive (W).
PY 253W—Optics Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1 PY 334—Nuclear Physics Laboratory
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 1
A laboratory course in which some of the experiments in classical optics, as well as some in
the field of laser optics will be performed. Prerequisite(s): PY 161. Corequisite(s): PY 254. Writing A laboratory course to accompany PY 344—Nuclear Physics. A number of more advanced
Intensive (W). nuclear physics laboratory experiments will be performed. Prerequisite(s): PY 333W and PY 335
Corequisite(s): PY 344
PY 254—Optics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 PY 335—Modern Physics I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A study of geometrical and physical optics, including properties of lens systems, superpo-
sition, interference, diffraction, polarization, an introduction to lasers and elementary fiber An introduction to the topics of modern physics to include the special theory of relativity
optics. Prerequisite(s): PY 161 Corequisite(s): PY 253W including relativistic kinematics and dynamics, early quantum theory, wave-particle duality, the
Uncertainty Principle, the Bohr atom, quantum mechanics, and atomic physics. Prerequisite(s):
PY 257—Electronics and Interfacing PY 161 Corequisite(s): PY 333W
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 4

A course designed to teach the principles of microcomputer control of physics experi-

PY 336—Modern Physics II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
ments. Course begins with an introduction to digital electronics, and a short review of analog
electronics (op-amps, transistors), then proceeds to sensors, stepper motors, and microcon- An extension of PY 335, in which quantum mechanics is used to address a variety of topics
trollers for control of experiments. The rest of the course concentrates on learning LabVIEW in the areas of statistical physics, molecules and solids, and semiconductor devices. Other
and using it with a student-designed experiment, for automated control and data acquisition. topics covered include nuclear models, radioactive decay, nuclear reactions, elementary
Prerequisite(s): PY 262 particles, general relativity, and cosmology. Prerequisite(s): PY 335 Note: No lab associated with
this course.
PY 262—General Physics III
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 PY 341—Electricity and Magnetism I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
The third course in the calculus-based sequence of General Physics. Topics are Statics,
Fluids, Kinetic Theory of Gasses, Gauss’s Law, AC Circuits, Maxwell’s Equations, and other An intermediate level course in electricity and magnetism, designed for physics majors,
topics. This course completes the sequence for Physics majors. Other majors could take this as which includes the theory of electrostatic and magneto static fields in space and matter, fol-
an elective to complete the full Physics sequence. Prerequisite(s): PY 161 lowed by electrodynamics and the development of the four Maxwell equations. Vector analysis
extensively employed throughout the course. Prerequisite(s): PY 161 Corequisite(s): MA 301
PY 291—Summer Research in Physics
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4 PY 342—Electricity and Magnetism II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Independent research opportunities in physics and astronomy offered in the summer
sessions. A student working under the supervision of a faculty mentor may earn up to four An extension of PY 341, in which the Maxwell equations are used to address a variety of
credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive research paper are topics, to include energy in electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic waves, and the covariant
required. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head and faculty research mentor. formulation of electrodynamics, among others. Prerequisite(s): PY 341

PY 294—Summer Research in Physics PY 344—Nuclear Physics

Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Independent research opportunities in physics and astronomy offered in the summer Nuclear structure, nuclear models, decay processes, reaction cross-sections, reaction kine-
sessions. A student working under the supervision of a faculty mentor may earn up to four matics, neutron dynamics, nuclear reactors, radiation detectors, nuclear accelerators, particle
credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive research paper are physics. Prerequisite(s): PY 161 Corequisite(s): PY 334
required. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head and faculty research mentor.
PY 345—Lasers and Their Applications
PY 308—Introduction to Nanotechnology Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
This course will introduce students to the fundamental physics associated with the design
A course designed to introduce the student to the multidisciplinary and rapidly developing and operation of lasers. It is intended to be a “first course” that covers a fairly wide range of
field of nanotechnology. Topics include nanomaterials, micro/nanofabrication, microscopy, topics in laser physics at an introductory level. Although the course is not a laboratory course,
nanoelectronics, biological nanotechnology, nanoterrorism, social and ethical implications, we will take occasional trips to the instructor’s research lab in order to illustrate concepts
etc. Prerequisite(s): PY 160 and PY 161 discussed in lecture. This course also has as one of its goals introducing students to various
applications of lasers in science and technology. This will be accomplished through lecture
and student presentations. Prior experience in programming in MATLAB or Mathematica is
recommended. Prerequisite(s): PY 335

149
to investigate a simple research problem, either experimental or theoretical, and write a thesis
PY 345—Nuclear Radiation Detection summarizing the work.
Lecture Hours: 2 Lab Hours: 2 Credit Hours: 3

Fundamental concepts of nuclear radiation, radiation detection, measurement techniques PY 453—Nuclear Reactor Engineering
and some applications of nuclear technologies. Upon completion of the course and laboratory Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
students are expected to classify various detectors; explain the physical principles of operation
An introduction to nuclear engineering to include a review of elementary atomic and
of various detectors; describe use of the detectors; review limits of detection for each detector;
nuclear physics, the interaction of radiation with matter, types of nuclear reactors, nuclear
apply principles of counting statistics and error propagation to solve the problems related to
power, neutron dynamics, nuclear reactor theory, reactor shielding, and radiation protection.
accuracy, efficiency and limitations (errors) of the detection approaches covered in the course.
Prerequisite(s): PY 161. When Offered: Offered when the enrollment justifies.
Prerequisite(s): PY 161 or PY 121

PY 391—Summer Research in Physics PY 459—Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4
A rigorous study of the foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Topics include mathematical
Independent research opportunities in physics and astronomy offered in the summer
solutions to the Schroedinger equation, harmonic oscillator, Dirac notation, commutator
sessions. A student working under the supervision of a faculty mentor may earn up to four
relations and the hydrogen atom. Prerequisite(s): PY 335 and MA 301.
credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive research paper are
required. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head and faculty research mentor.
PY 460—Topics in Quantum Mechanics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
PY 394—Summer Research in Physics
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4 A seminar that is a continuation of the study of quantum concepts begun in PY 459.
Discussion of topics of interest to the instructor and cadets. Prerequisite(s): PY 459. When
Independent research opportunities in physics and astronomy offered in the summer
Offered: (Offered when the enrollment justifies.)
sessions. A student working under the supervision of a faculty mentor may earn up to four
credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive research paper are
required. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head and faculty research mentor.
PY 481—Topics in Physics
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

PY 420—Capstone Special topics in physics and astronomy as suggested by faculty or cadets. Subjects and
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 content to be announced in advance. Prerequisite(s): first-class standing and permission of the
department head. When Offered: Course(s) will not necessarily be offered every semester.
This is a one semester course for physics majors in which they will revisit the fundamentals
of the main subfields of physics and will complete a research project in physics or astronomy.
The group project, in an area chosen by the instructor, may be experimental, theoretical,
PY 491—Summer Research in Physics
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4
observational, computational, or pedagogical in character and will result in a final report.
Independent research opportunities in physics and astronomy offered in the summer
PY 441—Classical Mechanics I sessions. A student working under the supervision of a faculty mentor may earn up to four
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive research paper are
required. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head and faculty research mentor.
A study of the dynamics of particles and rigid bodies, damped, undamped, and driven
harmonic oscillators, gravity and central force motion, the moment of inertia tensor and its
diagonalization, and introduction to Lagrangian mechanics. Prerequisite(s): PY 160 and MA 311
PY 494—Summer Research in Physics
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4

PY 446—Thermal Physics Independent research opportunities in physics and astronomy offered in the summer
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 sessions. A student working under the supervision of a faculty mentor may earn up to four
credit hours per summer session. An oral presentation and a comprehensive research paper are
A study of large-scale systems consisting of many atoms or molecules, providing an
required. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head and faculty research mentor.
introduction to the subjects of statistical mechanics, kinetic theory, entropy, Fermi and Bose
gases, the partition function, thermodynamics, semiconductor statistics, cryogenics and other
selected topics. Prerequisite(s): PY 335.

PY 447—Thesis I
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4

Normally a two-semester sequence for first class physics majors, these courses are espe-
cially recommended for cadets who intend to pursue graduate studies. Each cadet is expected
to investigate a simple research problem, either experimental or theoretical, and write a thesis
summarizing the work.

PY 448—Thesis II
Lecture Hours: 0 Lab Hours: 2-8 Credit Hours: 1-4

Normally a two-semester sequence for first class physics majors, these courses are espe-
cially recommended for cadets who intend to pursue graduate studies. Each cadet is expected

150
Spanish
Department of Modern Languages and Cultures
Department Head: Col. Sunnen

All cadets who enter with two or more entrance units in a modern foreign language background. Students who successfully complete SP 204X will receive credit for fourth-semes-
are given placement tests and are placed in appropriate courses on the basis of the ter Spanish (equivalent to SP 202). Note: SP 204X is a terminal course. Cadets who continue on
test results combined with their previous high school language coursework, and after to 300-level Spanish courses must complete SP 202 as a prerequisite for upper level Spanish.
consultation with the department head of modern languages. Prerequisite(s): SP 201
A single year of a foreign language shall count toward meeting graduation require-
ments only when the cadet is studying a second language or is taking a language as SP 210X—Image and Meaning in Spanish Film
an elective. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Cadets must demonstrate proficiency in ML 101 in order to be admitted into ML 102.
Film-making in Spain since 1980 within the dual contexts of Spanish film history and film
They must, similarly, demonstrate proficiency in ML 102 before enrolling in ML 201,
theory. This course does not include a foreign language component and cannot be used
and in ML 201 before enrolling in ML 202/204. Proficiency in ML 202/204 is a prerequi-
toward a language requirement. Note: Cadets may not earn credit for both SP 210X and SP 310X
site for admission to 300-level courses. Completion of two 300-level courses or their
equivalent is expected before enrollment in any 400—level course. Once a cadet has
completed work at the 202/204 level, he/she may not return to the elementary level
SP 299X—Summer Abroad in Spain
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
course for credit.
Cadets who present four years of a high school language or demonstrate native or A summer cultural immersion study in Spain that includes language instruction appropriate
near-native language abilities may not enroll at the elementary level of that language. with the individual student’s level. All coursework is in English, although students receive some
Such students will have the choice of enrolling either in the first semester intermediate instruction in basic Spanish expression to help them complete the learning modules. This
level of that language or in the first semester elementary course of a different language. course is not applicable towards a foreign language requirement stipulated by various majors.
Prerequisite(s): None. When Offered: It is only offered in some summers. Civilizations and
SP 101—Elementary Spanish I Cultures (X).
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An introduction to the fundamentals of Spanish. Primary emphasis on the acquisition of the

SP 302—Spanish for the Military and Defense
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
basic language skills (comprehending, speaking, reading, and writing) within the context of
civilization and culture. Secondary emphasis on the culture where Spanish is spoken. Intended Spanish for Diplomacy and Defense is a proficiency-based course focused on communi-
for beginners with no previous experience in the language. cation and cultural protocols with colleagues, associates, and native populations in or from
Spanish-speaking countries. It specifically responds to what the US Army Cadet Command
SP 102—Elementary Spanish II identifies as “[…] the need for young leaders to develop more cultural awareness and foreign
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 language proficiency skills.” Prerequisite(s): SP 202

A continuation of SP 101. Prerequisite(s): SP 101.

SP 303W—Spanish Composition and Conversation
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
SP 200WX—Spanish in the STEM Professions
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Designed for students who wish to gain a command of spoken and written Spanish. Taught
in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): SP 202 Writing Intensive (W).
A low intermediate level, project-based course focused on the development of communi-
cative and global competencies for the STEM professions. This course is a terminal course and
cannot be used toward the language requirement. Satisfies a humanities elective. Note: Writing
SP 305—Survey of Spanish Literature I
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Intensive and Civilizations & Cultures Course (WX). Prerequisite(s): SP 102.
A survey of Spanish literature from the beginning through the 17 th century, with selected
SP 201—Intermediate Spanish I readings from the major authors, literary movements, and genres. Conducted in Spanish.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course.

A systematic review of grammar and the readings of texts of significant literary, cultural or
historical value. Composition, aural and oral work continued. Prerequisite(s): SP 102.
SP 306—Survey of Spanish American Literature II
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

SP 202—Intermediate Spanish II A survey of Spanish American literature with selected readings from the major authors, liter-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 ary movements, and genres. Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course.

A continuation of SP 201. Prerequisite(s): SP 201.

SP 310X—The “Big Screen” in Democratic Spain
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
SP 204X—Intermediate Spanish for Business
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Film making in Spain since 1980 within the dual contexts of Spanish film history and film
theory. Taught in Spanish. Note: Cadets may not earn credit for both SP 210X and SP 310X
A study of simple Spanish texts relevant to business and management practices and general
Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course.
social aspects of the Spanish-speaking world. This course provides a cultural and technical

151
era (711-1032 AD), the course moves to the intersection of the “developing” and “developed”
SP 311—Human Rights and the Hispanic Writer world in Spanish-America. Focus on the relationship of Islamic diasporas, from the perception
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
of terrorism, to the new left ideology in Spanish-America. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish
Human Rights as seen by Spanish, Latin American, and U.S. Hispanic writers. Texts include course. Civilizations & Cultures Course (X).
essay, narrative, poetry, film, fine art, and other cultural media. Prerequisite(s): Completion of
SP 202 or SP 204X and completion of ERH 102 with a minimum grade of C. SP 322—Hispanic Cinema
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
SP 312—Culture and Civilization of Spain An introduction to Spanish-language films and Hispanic film directors as well as the
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
cultural, political, economic, and social backgrounds of the films viewed. Taught in Spanish.
A study of Spain’s cultural identity from prehistoric to contemporary times including Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course.
artistic, literary, political, and societal artifacts. Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level
Spanish course. SP 387X—The Spanish Civil War As Text (in English)
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
SP 313—Advanced Spanish Grammar This course focuses on the cultural production of the Spanish Civil War. Cadets analyze
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Spanish cultural perspectives regarding the conflict using classical modes of writing and
A study of Spanish grammar and syntax with special emphasis on the study of idiomatic technology. This course does not include a foreign language component and cannot be used
expressions. Readings incorporate grammatical review of more challenging structures that toward a language requirement. Cadets may not earn credit for both SP 387 and SP 388W. Note:
prepare students for advanced work. Prerequisite(s): Completion of SP 202 Civilizations & Cultures Course. Prerequisite(s): ERH 102 with a minimum grade of C.

SP 314—Latin American Cultures and Civilizations SP 388W—The Spanish Civil War As Text
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

An overview of the history, art, literature, society, educational and legal systems, and values This course focuses on the cultural production of the Spanish Civil War. Cadets analyze
of Latin America. Texts chosen from newspapers, original documents. Emphasis on Writing and cultural perspectives regarding the conflict using classical modes of writing and technology.
Conversation. Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course. Cadets may not earn credit for both SP 387X and SP 388. Note: Writing Intensive Course.
Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course and ERH 102 with a minimum grade of C.
SP 315—Introduction to Hispanic Texts
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 SP 399X—Summer Abroad in Spain
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
A course designed to build on the reading skills acquired in intermediate Spanish by pre-
senting texts drawn from many fields of interest: politics, business, literature, history. Taught in A summer cultural immersion study in Spain that includes language instruction at the
Spanish. Emphasis will be placed on reading and writing skills. Prerequisite(s): SP 202 post-intermediate level. Instruction and coursework are in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): SP 202
When Offered: It is only offered in some summers. Civilizations & Cultures (X).
SP 316—Topics in Spanish
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 SP 402—Spanish Literature of the Siglo De Oro
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
The topics will vary to reflect cadet and professorial interests. The goal of this course is
to provide information and foster discussion of diverse topics from the Hispanic world and An introduction to the poetry, prose, and comedia of Spain’s Golden Age. Conducted in
to reinforce language skills. Taught in Spanish. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): one Spanish. Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level courses or their equivalent.
300-level Spanish course.
SP 405—Readings in Hispanic Literature
SP 318—Nobel Laureates Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Directed readings of major literary works; written reports and a research paper required.
An introduction to the writings of major authors of the 20th century Hispanic literature. Taught in Spanish. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head.
Students gain an overview of Spanish and Latin American Nobel Prize winners and read
drama, poetry, narrative, and essay. Emphasizes speaking and writing. Taught in Spanish. SP 406—Readings in Hispanic Literature
Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Directed readings of major literary works; written reports and a research paper required.
SP 320W—Spanish Gothic Literature Taught in Spanish. Note: Retakes for credit. Prerequisite(s): permission of the department head.
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of representative Spanish gothic tales with the aim of reinforcing and expanding SP 409—Early Spanish Literature
the basic languages skills of speaking, reading, understanding, and writing. Taught in Spanish. Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Prerequisite(s): one 300-level Spanish course. Writing Intensive Course (W).
A study of medieval Spanish poetry and prose, with an introduction to drama. Conducted in
Spanish. Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses.
SP 321X—Across the Atlantic: Arabic Roots from Spain to
Spanish-America SP 411—19th Century Peninsular Literature
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Examines the geographic significance of the Berber-Arab-Jewish-Morisco and Spanish A cross-generational study of 19th century Peninsular works from perspectives of the author
speaking worlds on a variety of levels. Starting from the historic heritage from the al Andalus (19 century), film-maker (20th century), and reader/viewer (21 st century). Readings from all
th

152
four major literary genres as well as online multimedia assignments focused principally on “Advanced-High”. All relevant documentation will adhere to MLA specifications. An accepted
film adaptations of major works are required. Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): two 300 level ML Honors Thesis could substitute for this course.
SP courses.
SP 470—Special Topics in Spanish
SP 421—Colonial Spanish American Literature Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
An advanced topics course that will vary to reflect cadet and professorial interests. This
A study of important Spanish American authors from the conquest to independence. Taught course fosters a close reading of text and discussion of diverse topics from the Hispanic world
in Spanish. Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses. to reinforce advanced language and cultural knowledge. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level courses
or their equivalent.
SP 422—Spanish American Literature of the 19th Century
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 SP 481—Survey of Spanish Culture & Society
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3
Literary and philosophical trends from the independence movement to Modernism. Taught
in Spanish. Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses. A history and civilization course during the VMI summer abroad program in Spain or Spanish
America. This course is primarily a culture class designed to educate students on Spanish or
SP 423—Spanish American Literature of the 20th Century Spanish American history through on-site excursions to historical places of interest with a guid-
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3 ed tour. The course includes invited guest lectures by academics. Topics cover society such
as the educational system, government relations, religion, history, superstitions, and gender
Reading and analysis of representative works of the principal Spanish American novelists,
roles, among others. This course does not include a foreign language component and cannot
poets, and dramatists from Modernism to the present. Taught in Spanish. Research paper
be used toward a language requirement.
required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses.

SP 424—Narcos, Hitmen and Religion: Drug Trafficking

Culture in Columbian Literature and Media
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

This course focuses on drug trade violence in Colombian literature and media as evidenced
in the narconovela. Students examine materials treating cultural, social, political, and ethical
dilemmas. Conducted primarily in SPANISH. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses

SP 425—Cervantes
Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

Study and analysis of Cervantes’ major works, with emphasis on Don Quijote de la Mancha
and how Cervantes’ life and personality shaped his literary production. Taught in Spanish.
Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses.

SP 426—Contemporary Spanish Literature I

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of Peninsular literature from 1898 through 1960. Works chosen reflect the literary
trends of the era as well as the social and cultural attitudes shaped by historical events. Taught
in Spanish. Research paper required. Prerequisite(s): two 300-level SP courses.

SP 427—Contemporary Spanish Literature II

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

A study of Peninsular literature from the second part of Franco’s dictatorship (c1960)
through contemporary times. Works chosen reflect both the literary trends of the era as well
as the socio-historical and cultural attitudes of Spain as it underwent the transition from
dictatorship to democracy and to membership in the European Economic Community. Taught
in Spanish. Prerequisite(s): Two 300-level SP courses.

SP 450—Modern Language Capstone Course

Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 0 Credit Hours: 3

The student will choose a topic incorporating an analysis of historical, literary or cultural
factors in the major language area—field experience and interdisciplinary topics are strongly
encouraged. Upon approval of the faculty adviser, the student will prepare both a research
paper and a 20-minute oral presentation. This course is only open to first and second
class Modern Language majors and minors. The ML Capstone project will be written in the
student’s major foreign language, as appropriate, and it will achieve a language rating of

153
Catalog Electives
BI Capstone—Capstone Experience CE ELEC—Engineering Science Elective I
Credit Hours: 3 Credit Hours: 3