400 câu đọc điền đọc hiểu key chi tiết
400 câu đọc điền đọc hiểu key chi tiết
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from
31 to 35.
ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD
Teaching English as a foreign language can be a great way to travel around the
world and earn money at the same time. However, some graduates actually like the idea of
(1) a career in teaching English, and there are numerous courses at various
(2) , from the basic certificates to the diploma or even the master’s.
To find the right course, a good place to start is TEFL.com – an Internet site with lots
of relevant information and helpful (3) including a full list of places in the UL
offering courses. The site also offers assistance to qualified graduates (4) finding
work.
When deciding on a course, the best thing to do is to look at what your needs are. If
you want a career in teaching English, then definitely find one designed for that (5)
, such as an MA or diploma; but if you want to travel around the world, then do a shorter
course that will supply you with teaching skills.
Question 1: A. tracking B. chasing C. hunting D. following
Question 4: A. to B. for C. at D. in
Most people think that lions only come from Africa. This is understandable because
in fact most lions do come from there but this has not always been the case. If we went back
ten thousand years. we would find that there were lions roaming vast sections of the globe.
However no, unfortunately only a very small section of the lion’s former habitat remains.
Asiatic lions are sub-species of African lions. It is almost a hundred thousand years
since the Asiatic lions split off and developed as a sub-species. At one time the Asiatic lion
was living as far west as Greece and they were found from there, but in a band that spreads
east through various countries of the Middle East, all the way to India. In museums now, you
can see Greek coins that have clear images of the Asiatic lion on them. Most of them are
dated at around 500 B.C. However, Europe saw its last Asiatic lions roaming free to
thousand years ago. Over the next nineteen hundred years the numbers of Asiatic lions in
the other areas declined steadily, but it was only in the nineteenth century that they
disappeared from everywhere but in India.
The Gir Wildlife Sanctuary in India was established especially to protect the Asiatic
lion. There are now around three hundred Asiatic lions in India and almost all of them are in
this sanctuary. However, despite living in a sanctuary, which makes them safe from hunters,
they still face a number of problems that threaten their survival. One of these is the ever-
present danger of disease. This is what killed more than a third of Africa’s Serengeti lions in
1994, and people are fearful that something similar could happen in the Gir Sanctuary and
kill off many of the Asiatic lions there.
India’s lions are particular vulnerable because they have a limited gene pool. The
reason for this is interesting – it is because all of them are descended from a few dozen lions
that were saved by a prince who took a particular interest in them. He was very healthy, and
he managed to protect them otherwise they would probably have died out completely.
When you see the Asiatic lion in India, what you sense is enormous vitality. They are very
impressive animals and you would never guess that they this vulnerability when you look at
them.
Question 6: According to the passage, ten thousand years ago, .
A. lions did not live in small forests
B. lions came mainly from Afric
C. lions roamed much more than nowadays
D. there were much more lion habitats than nowadays
Question 7: The phrase “split off” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning
to .
A. spotted animals B. divided
C. developed into different species D. changed the original species
Question 8: The word “vulnerable” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .
A. weak B. careless C. cautious D. easily protected
Question 9: The Asiatic lion .
A. was looking for food mainly in the Middle East
B. was searching for food in a wide range of countries
C. was searching for food mainly in India and Africa
D was looking for food mainly in India.
Question 10: According to the author, the Gir Wildlife Sanctuary
A. protects the Asiatic lion from hunters and diseases
B. cannot reduce the Asiatic lion’s risk of catching diseases
C. can make the Asiatic lion become weak
D. is among many places where the Asiatic lion is well protected
Question 11: The author refers to all of the following as characteristics of the Asiatic lion
EXCEPT that .
A. strong B. vulnerable C. vital D. impressive
Question 12: The passage is written to .
A. persuade readers to protect the Asiatic lions
B. explain why the Gir Sanctuary is the best habitat for the Asiatic lions
C. describe the developmental history of the Gir Sanctuary
D. provide an overview of the existence of the Asiatic lions
If you enjoy water sports, Hawaii is the place for you. You can go swimming all year
round in the warm water. You can go sport fishing from the shore or from a boat. If you like
boats, you can go sailing, canoeing, or windsurfing. Or, you can also try some other water
sports that are especially popular in Hawaii: surfing, snorkeling and scuba diving.
Surfing is a sport which started in Hawaii many years ago. The Hawaiians called it
“he’e nalu”, which means “to slide on a wave”. If you want to try surfing, you need, first of all,
to be a good swimmer. You also have to have an excellent sense of balance. You must
swim out from the beach with your surfboard under your arm. When you get to where the
waves begin to break, you wait for a calm moment. Then you try to stand up on the board.
The wave will begin to rise under you. You must try to steer the board with your feet so you
stay on top of the wave. The important thing is to keep your balance and not fall down. If you
can manage this, you will have an exciting ride all the way in to the shore.
Scuba diving and snorkeling are two ways to get a close look at the beauty lying
below the surface of the ocean. The waters off the Hawaiian Islands are clean, clear and
warm. They contain hundreds of kinds of colorful fish. The undersea world is made even
more colorful by the coral reefs of red, gold, white and light purple. Among these reefs there
may be larger fish or sea turtles.
Scuba diving allows you to see the most interesting undersea sights. “Scuba” means
“Self- contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus”, that is, equipment for breathing and
swimming around far under water. In Hawaii, you can take special courses to learn how to
scuba dive. After the courses, you can get a certificate that will allow you to dive alone.
Since it can be dangerous, proper instruction and great care are always necessary when
you are scuba diving.
If you are adventurous, you might try snorkeling instead of scuba diving. Less
equipment is needed, just a face mask, a breathing tube (snorkel) and flippers for your feet.
It only takes a few minutes to learn how to snorkel. Although you cannot dive deep into the
water, you can swim with your face below the surface. Breathing through the tube, you float
on the surface, and keep yourself moving with your flippers. Even from the surface like this,
there will be plenty of color and beauty to see.
Question 13: The passage is about .
A. water sports around the world B. surfing
C. tourist activities in Hawaii D. water sports in Hawaii
Question 14: You can infer from the passage that .
A. water sports are all expensive
B. you need to take a course for all water sports.
C. everyone can find a way to enjoy sports in the water
D. swimming in Hawaii can be dangerous
Question 15: According to the passage, surfing .
A. began as a sport in 1943 B. was invented by the native
Hawaiians
C. requires expensive equipment D. is very dangerous
Question 16: The water around the Hawaiian Islands is
A. often quite cold B. full of colorful things to see
C. usually very dark D. full of dangerous fish
Question 17: The word “this” in the second paragraph refers to
A. standing on the board
B. keeping balanced and not falling down
C. an exciting ride
D. staying on top of the wave
Question 18: According to the passage, scuba diving
A. is an ancient Hawaiian water sport
B. requires special equipment and training
C. is the only way to see the fish underwater
D. requires good balance
Question 19: The word “proper” in paragraph 4 refers to
A. enthusiastic B. informative C. appropriate D. short and clear
Question 20: Which statement is supported by the information in the passage?
A. Snorkeling involves breathing through the tube, floating on the surface and moving
with flippers
B. Snorkeling requires more expensive equipment than scuba diving
C. Snorkeling is for adventurous people
D. Snorkeling was invented in ancient times
British parents are always complaining that their children spend too much time glued to the
TV and do not have enough time on other activities (31) sports and reading. A
survey recently (32) on people’s viewing habits does not approve this. It shows
that young people in Britain spend on average 23 hours a week in front of the television, (33)
works out at over three hours a day.
(34) is surprising, however, is the fact that the average adult watches even
more: an incredible 28 hours a week. We (35) to have become a nation of addicts.
Just about every household in the country has a television set and over half have two or
more. According to the survey, people nowadays don’t just watch television sitting in their
living-rooms, they watch it in the kitchen and in bed as well
Most people go to a doctor in their own town or suburbs. But people in the Australian
outback can’t get to a doctor quickly. The nearest doctor is sometimes hundreds of
kilometers away so they have to call him on a two-way radio. This special doctor is called
the “flying doctor”. He visits sick people by plane.
When someone is sick, the doctor has to fly to the person’s home. His plane lands
on a flat piece of ground near the person’s house. Sometimes the doctor has to take the
patient to hospital. Flying doctors take about 8,600 people to hospital each year.
However, most of the time the person isn’t very sick, and the doctor doesn’t have to
visit. He can give advice on the radio from the office at the flying doctor center. He can tell
the patient to use some medicine from a special medicine chest. There is one of these
chests in every home in the outback. Each bottle, tube and packet in the chest has a
number. The doctor often says something like this, “Take two tablets from bottle number 5
every four hours.”
A man called John Flynn started the Royal Flying Doctor service in 1927. He had
only one plane. Today there are 14 flying-doctor centers, 29 planes, 14 full-time doctors and
several part- time doctors, nurses and dentists.
Question 26: The flying doctors mentioned in this article treat their patients
A. in clinics B. by old methods C. over great distances D. by telepathy
Question 27: Which happens first?
A. The doctor flies to the sick person’s home
B. The sick person or his family calls the doctor on a two-way radio
C. The plane lands near the patient’s house
D. The doctor treats the sick person on a two-way radio
Question 28: The word “outback” mostly means
A. a large field of the Aborigines
B. an isolated island
C. a vast and remote area
D. a far-off forest
Question 29: The word “chest” in this context probably means
A. a body part B. a machine C. a remote control D. a small box
Question 30: When a patient needs a special examination, the doctor has to
A. take him/her to a special holy place
B. fly him/her to a military clinic
C. give him/her all kinds of medicine
D. fly to the patient’s place
Question 31: All of the following statements are true EXCEPT
A. None of the doctor at the center work full-time
B. Every home in the outback has a chest
C. Sometimes the doctor has to take the patient to hospital
D. The doctor gives prescription using specific numbers for each kind of medicine
Question 32: The writer of this passage shows a/an attitude to the flying- doctor
service.
A. critical B. supportive C. curious D. indifferent
Question 33: How has science done a disservice to people?
A. Because of science, disease caused by contaminated food has been virtually
eradicated
B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food
C. As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances have been
added to our food
D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables
Question 34: According to the passage, what are nitrates used for?
A. They preserve flavor in package foods
B. They are the objects of research
C. They preserve the color of meats
D. They cause the animals to become fatter
NOISE POLLUTION
Noise is more than a mere nuisance. At certain levels and durations of exposure, it
can cause physical damage to the eardrum, and (41) in temporary or permanent
hearing loss. In addition to causing hearing loss, (42) noise exposure can also (43)
blood pressure and pulse rate, cause irritability, anxiety, and mental fatigue, and
interfere with sleep, recreation, and personal communication. Noise pollution is, therefore,
(44 importance in the workplace and in the community.
Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided,
of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely. The most familiar outward
signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of
the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline
in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are
much harder to detect.
Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficiently during childhood.
They reach their peak at the time of maturity, or early adulthood. After that, they begin to
decline. Bones, for example, gradually become lighter and more brittle. In the aged, the
joints between the bones also become rigid and more inflexible. This can make moving very
painful.
All the major organs of the body show signs of aging. The brain, for example, works
less efficiently, and even gets smaller in size. Thinking processes of all sorts are slowed
down. Old people often have trouble in remembering recent events.
One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that
lead from the heart. They become thickened and constricted, allowing less blood to flow to
the rest of body. This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of
the aged. It may, forexample, result in heart attack.
Aging is not a uniform process. Different parts of the body wear out at different rates.
There are great differences among people in their rate of aging. Even the cells of the body
differ in the way they age. The majority of cells are capable of reproducing themselves many
times during the course of a lifetime. Nerve cells and muscle fibers can never be replaced
once they wear out.
Gerontologists - scientists who study the process of aging-believe this wearing out of
the body is controlled by a built-in biological time-clock. They are trying to discover how this
clock works so that they can slow down the process. This could give man a longer life and a
great number of productive years.
Question 53: What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. Signs of aging are easier to detect in animals than in plants
B. Aging occurs in every living thing after it has reached maturity
C. Not all signs of aging are visible
D. The outward signs of aging may be seen in old people
Question 54: What does the word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. aging B. a living thing C. an illness D. an accident
Question 55: When does the human body begin to lose vigor and the ability to function
efficiently?
A. Soon after reaching adulthood B. During childhood
C. Early adulthood D. In old age
Question 56: What happens to memorization when the brain begins to age?
A. It works less B. It becomes forgetful
C. It declines D. It slows down
ORESUND BRIDGE
Imagine driving along a bridge that is so long that you can't even see the other end.
The Oresund Bridge, one of the longest bridges in the world, (61) so far ahead into
the distance that you can't even tell where the blue of the water (62) the blue of
the sky.
The Oresund Bridge is an amazing example of modern engineering design that links
the Scandinavian countries of Denmark and Sweden. It is 8 kilometers long and was (63)
in July 2000. It crosses the Flinte Channel, the chilly waterway (64) the
two countries.
At one stage the bridge turns into a tunnel under the sea. This tunnel is also a record
breaker in its own right as it is the longest road and rail tunnel in the world. The engineers
built an artificial island near the Danish coast that (65) support part of the bridge
structure, as well as being the point at which the road disappears underground, before
coming out in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark.
Question 61: A. travels B. leans C. stretches D. pulls
Mickey Mantle was one of the greatest baseball players of all time. He played for the
New York Yankees in their years of glory. From the time Mantle began to play professionally
in 1951 to his last year in 1968, baseball was the most popular game in the United States.
For many people, Mantle symbolized the hope, prosperity, and confidence of America at that
time.
Mantle was a fast and powerful player, a “switch-hitter” who could bat both right-
handed and left-handed. He won game after game, one World Series championship after
another, for his team. He was a wonderful athlete, but this alone cannot explain America’s
fascination with him.
Perhaps it was because he was a handsome, red-haired country boy, the son of a
poor miner from Oklahoma. His career, from the lead mines of the West to the heights of
success and fame, was a fairy-tale version of the American dream. Or perhaps it was
because America always loves a “natural”: a person who wins without seeming to try, whose
talent appears to come from an inner grace. That was Mickey Mantle.
But like many celebrities, Mickey Mantle had a private life that was full of problems.
He played without complaint despite constant pain from injuries. He lived to fulfill his father’s
dreams and drank to forget his father’s early death.
It was a terrible addiction that finally destroyed his body. It gave him cirrhosis of the
liver and accelerated the advance of liver cancer. Even when Mickey Mantle had turned
away from his old life and warned young people not to follow his example, the destructive
process could not be stopped. Despite a liver transplant operation that had all those who
loved and admired him hoping for a recovery, Mickey Mantle died of cancer at the age of 63
Question 66: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Mickey Mantle as the greatest baseball player of all time
B. Mickey Mantle’s success and private life full of problems
C. Mickey Mantle and his career as a baseball player
D. Mickey Mantle and the history of baseball
Question 67: According to the passage, Mantle could
A. hit the ball to score from a long distance
B. bat better with his left hand than with his right hand
C. hit with the bat on either side of his body
D. give the most powerful hit in his team
Question 68: The word “this” as used in paragraph 2 refers to
A. Mantle’s being a fast and powerful player
B. Mantle’s being a wonderful athlete
C. Mantle’s being fascinated by many people
D. Mantle’s being a “switch-hitter”
Question 69: The author uses the word “But” in paragraph 4 to
A. change the topic of the passage
B. give an argument in favor of Mantle’s success and fame
C. explain how Mantle got into trouble
D. give an example of the trouble in Mantle’s private life
Question 70: The word “accelerated” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to
A. worsened B. bettered C. delayed D. quickened
Question 71: We can see from paragraph 5 that after his father’s death, Mantle
A. played even better
B. forgot his father’s dream
C. . led a happier life
D. suffered a lot of pain
Question 72: Which of the following is mentioned as the main cause of the destruction of
Mantle’s body?
A. His loneliness B. His way of life
C. His liver transplant operation D. His own dream
Humans have struggled against weeds since the beginnings of agriculture. Marring
our gardens is one of the milder effects of weeds - any plants that thrive where they are
unwanted. They clog waterways, destroy wildlife habitats, and impede farming. Their spread
eliminates grazing areas and accounts for one-third of all crop loss. They compete for
sunlight, nutrients, and water with useful plants.
The global need for weed control had been answered mainly by the chemical
industry. Its herbicides are effective and sometimes necessary, but some pose serious
problems, particularly if misused. Toxic compounds threaten animal and public health when
they accumulate in food plants, groundwater, and drinking water. They also harm workers
who apply them.
In recent years, the chemical industry has introduced several herbicides that are
more ecologically sound. Yet new chemicals alone cannot solve the world's weed problems.
Hence, scientists are exploring the innate weed-killing powers of living organisms, primarily
insects and microorganisms.
The biological agents now in use are environmentally benign and are harmless to
humans. They can be chosen for their ability to attack selected targets and leave crops and
other plants untouched. In contrast, some of the most effective chemicals kill virtually all the
plants they come in contact with, sparing only those that are naturally resistant or have been
genetically modified for resistance. Furthermore, a number of biological agents can be
administered only once, after which no added applications are needed. Chemicals typically
must be used several times per growing season.
Question 73: With what topic does this passage primarily deal?
A. The importance of the chemical industry
B. The dangers of toxic chemicals
C. A proposal to ban the use of all herbicides
D. Advantages of biological agents over chemical ones
Question 74: The word "Marring" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. spoiling B. planting C. dividing D. replacing
Question 75: Which of the following terms does the author define in the first paragraph?
A. weeds B. nutrients C. wildlife habitats D. grazing area
Question 76: Which of the following statements about the use of chemical agents as
herbicides would the author most likely agree?
A. It is safe but inefficient
B. It is occasionally required
C. It should be increased
D. It has become more dangerous recently
Question 77: Which of the following is NOT given as an advantage of using biological
agents over chemical herbicides?
A. They are safer for workers
B. They are less likely to destroy desirable plants
C. They are more easily available
D. They do not have to be used as often
Question 78: The word "innate" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. effective B. organic C. natural D. active
Question 79: According to the passage, biological agents mainly consist of
A. herbicides B. useful plants
C. weeds D. insects and microorganisms
Question 80: Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A. A general idea is introduced and several specific examples are given
B. Two possible causes of a phenomenon are compared
C. A problem is described and possible solutions are discussed
D. A recommendation is analyzed and rejected
The United States has many different types of families. While most American families are
traditional, (81) a father, a mother and one or more children, 22 percent of all
American families in 1998 were headed by one parent, usually a woman. In a few families in
the United States, there are no children. These (82) couples may believe that they
would not make good parents; they may want freedom from responsibilities of childbearing;
or, perhaps they (83) physically able to have children. Other families in the United
States have one adult who is a stepparent. A stepmother or stepfather is a person who joins
a family by marrying a father or a mother.
Americans (84) and accept these different types of families. In the United
States people have right to privacy and Americans do not believe in telling other Americans
what type of family group they must belong to. They respect each other’s choices regarding
family groups. Families are very important (85) Americans.
Question 81: A. making of B. consisting of C. including of D. containing
Question 83: A. are not B. can not C. could not D. were not
Perhaps it was his own lack of adequate schooling that inspired Horace Mann to
work so hard for the important reforms in education that he accomplished. While he was still
a boy, his father and older brother died, and he became responsible for supporting his
family. Like most of the children in his town, he attended school only two or three months a
year. Later, with the help of several teachers, he was able to study law and became a
member of the Massachusetts bar, but he never forgot those early struggles.
While serving in Massachusetts legislature, he signed a historic education bill that set
up a state board of education. Without regret, he gave up his successful legal practice and
political career to become the frst secretary of the board. There he exercised an enormous
influence during the critical period of reconstruction that brought into existence the American
graded elementary school as substitute for the older distinct school system. Under his
leadership, the curriculum was restructured, the school year was increased to a minimum of
six months, and mandatory schooling was extended to age sixteen. Other important reforms
included the establishment of state normal schools for teacher training, institutes for in-
service teacher education, and lyceums for adult education. He was also instrument in
improving salaries for eachers and creating school libraries.
Mann’s ideas about school reform were developed and distributed in twelve annual
reports to the state of Massachusetts that he wrote during his tenure as secretary of
education. Considered quite radical at the time, the Massachusetts reforms later served as a
model for the nation. Mann was recognized as the father of public education
Question 86: Which of the following titles would best express the main topic of the
passage?
A. The Father of American Public Education
B. Philosophy of Education
C. The Massachusetts State Board of Education.
D. Politics of Educational Institutions
Question 87: Which of the following describes Horace Mann’s early life ?
A. He attended school six months a year
B. He had to study alone, without help
C. He supported his family after his father died
D. He was an only child
Question 88: The word “struggles” in line 5 could best be replaced by
A. valuable experiences B. happy situations
C. influential people D. difficult times
Question 89: The word “regret” in line 7 could best be replaced by
A. consideration B. feeling sorry C. limitation D. acceptance
Question 90: What did Horace Mann advocate ?
A. The state board school system B. The district school system
C. The substitute school system D. The graded school system
Question 91: The word “mandatory” in line 10 is closest in meaning to
A. required B. equal C. excellent D. basic
Question 92: How were Mann’s educational reforms distributed ?
A. In twelve annual reports to the state of Massachusetts
B. In reports that he wrote for national distribution
C. In speeches that he made throughout the country
D. In books that could be found in school libraries
Psychologist have debated a long time about whether a child’s upbringing can give it
the ability to do outstandingly well. Some think that it is impossible to develop genius and
say that it is simply something a person is born with. Others, however , argue that the
potential for great achievement can be develop. The truth lies somewhere between these
two extremes. It seems very obvious that being born with the right qualities from gifted
parents will increase a child’s ability to do well. However, this ability will be fully realized only
with the right upbringing and opportunities. As one psychologist says, “ To have a fast car,
you need both a good engine and fuel.’’ Scientists have recently assessed intelligence,
achievement, and ability in 50 sets of identical twins that were separated shortly birth and
brought up by different parents. They found that achievement was based on intelligence, and
later influenced by the child’s environment. One case involving very intelligent twins was
quoted. One of the twins received a normal upbringing, and performed well. The other twin,
however, was brought up by extremely supportive parents and given every possible
opportunity to develop its abilities. That twin, thought starting out with the same degree of
intelligence as the other, performed even better. This case reflects the general principle of
intelligence and ability. The more favorable the environment, the more a child’s intelligence
and ability are developed.
However, there is no link between intelligence and socioeconomic level of a child’s
family. In other words, it does not matter how poor or how rich a family is , as this does not
affect the intelligence. Gifted people can not be created by supportive parents, but they can
be developed by them. One professor of music said that outstanding musicians usually
started two or three years earlier than ordinary performers, often because their parents had
recognized their ability. These musicians then needed at least ten years’ hard work and
training in order to reach the level they were capable of attaining. People who want to have
very gifted children are given the following advice:
- Marry an intelligent person.
- Allow children to follow their own interests rather than the interests of the parents.
- Start a child’s education early but avoid pushing the child too hard.
- Encourage children to play; for example, playing with musical instrument is
essential for a child who wants to become an outstanding musician.
Question 93: The upbringing of highly intelligent children requires .
A. an expensive education B. good musical instruments
C. parental support and encouragement D. wealthy and loving parents
Question 94: The word “others” used in the first paragraph refers to
A. other people B. other scientists C. other children D. other geniuses
Question 95: When scientists studied intelligence and ability in twins, they found that
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (31) .
Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become (32) if we do
not make an effort to protect them. There are many reasons for this. In some cases animals
are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies. Some birds, such as
parrots, are caught (33) , and sold as pets. For many animals and birds, the
problem is that their habitatsthe place where they live-is disappearing. More land is used for
farm, for houses and industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were.
Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better crops, but these chemicals pollute
the environment and (34) wildlife. The most successful animals on Earth, human
beings, will soon be the only ones (35) unless we can solve this problem.
Question 101: A. threat B. problem C. danger D. vanishing
Although speech is the most advanced form of communication, there are many ways
of communicating without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols, and gestures may be
found in every known culture. The basic function of signal is to impinge upon the
environment in such a way that it attracts attention, as, for example, the dots and dashes of
a telegraph circuit. Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication is very great.
Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also contain meaning in and of
themselves. A stop sign or a barber pole conveys meaning quickly and conveniently.
Symbols are more difficult to describe than either signals or signs because of their
intricate relationship with the receiver’s cultural perceptions. In some cultures, applauding in
a theater provides performers with an auditory symbol of approval. Gestures such as waving
and handshaking also communicate certain cultural messages.
Although signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are very useful, they do have a major
disadvantage in communication. They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the
sender being directly adjacent to the receiver. Without an exchange of ideas, interaction
comes to a halt. As a result, means of communication intended to be used for long distances
and extended periods must be based upon speech. To radio, television, and the telephone,
one must add fax, paging systems, electronic mail, and the Internet, and no one doubts but
that there are more means of communication on the horizon.
Question 106: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Gestures B. Signs and signals C. Speech D. Communication
Question 107: According to this passage, what is a signal?
A. A form of communication that interrupts the environment
B. The most difficult form of communication to describe
C. A form of communication which may be used across long distances
D. The form of communication most related to cultural perception
Question 108: The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to
A. way B. environment C. function D. signal
Question 109: The word “intricate” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. inefficient B. complicated C. historical D. uncertain
Question 110: Applauding was cited as an example of
A. a signal B. a sign C. a gesture D. a symbol
Question 111: Why were the telephone, radio, and television invented?
A. Because people were unable to understand signs, signals, and symbols
B. Because people believed that signs, signals, and symbols were obsolete
C. Because people wanted to communicate across long distances
D. Bcause people wanted new forms of communication
Question 112: It may be concluded from this passage that .
A. Only some cultures have signs, signals, and symbols
B. Signs, signals, symbols, and gestures are forms of communication
C. Symbols are very easy to define and interrupt
D. Waving and handshaking are not related to culture
The first question we might ask is: What can you learn in college that will help you in being
an employee? The schools teach a (121) many things of value to the future
accountant, doctor or electrician. Do they also teach anything of value to the future
employee? The answer is: “Yes - they teach the one thing that it is perhaps most valuable
for the future employee to know. But very few students bother (122) it. This
one basic skill is the ability to organize and express ideas in writing and in speaking. This
means that your success as an employee will depend on your ability to communicate with
people and to (123) your own thoughts and ideas to them so they will
(124) understand what you are driving at and be persuaded.
Of course, skill in expression is not enough (125) itself. You must have
something to say in the first place. The effectiveness of your job depends as much on your
ability to make other people understand your work as it does on the quality of the work itself.
Question 121: A. large B. great C. far D. lots
Quite different from storm surges are the giant sea waves called tsunamis, which
derive their name from the Japanese expression for “high water in a harbor.” These waves
are also referred to by the general public as tidal waves, although they have relatively little to
do with tides. Scientists often referred to them as seismic sea waves, far more appropriate in
that they do result from undersea seismic activity.
Tsunamis are caused when the sea bottom suddenly moves, during an underwater
earthquake or volcano for example, and the water above the moving earth is suddenly
displaced. This sudden shift of water sets off a series of waves. These waves can travel
great distances at speeds close to 700 kilometers per hour. In the open ocean, tsunamis
have little noticeable amplitude, often no more than one or two meters. It is when they hit the
shallow waters near the coast that they increase in height, possibly up to 40 meters.
Tsunamis often occur in the Pacific because the Pacific is an area of heavy seismic
activity. Two areas of the Pacific well accustomed to the threat of tsunamis are Japan and
Hawaii. Because the seismic activity that causes tsunamis in Japan often occurs on the
ocean bottom quite close to the islands, the tsunamis that hit Japan often come with little
warning and can, therefore, prove disastrous. Most of the tsunamis that hit the Hawaiian
Islands, however, originate thousands of miles away near the coast of Alaska, so these
tsunamis have a much greater distance to travel and the inhabitants of Hawaii generally
have time for warning of their imminent arrival.
Tsunamis are certainly not limited to Japan and Hawaii. In 1755, Europe experienced
a calamitous tsunami, when movement along the fault lines near the Azores caused a
massive tsunami to sweep onto the Portuguese coast and flood the heavily populated area
around Lisbon. The greatest tsunami on record occurred on the other side of the world in
1883 when the Krakatoa volcano underwent a massive explosion, sending waves more than
30 meters high onto nearby Indonesian islands; the tsunami from this volcano actually
traveled around the world and was witnessed as far away as the English Channel
Question 133: The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discusses?
A. underwater earthquakes B. storm surges
C. tides D. tidal waves
Question 134: According to the passage, all of the following are true about tidal waves
EXCEPT that
A. they are caused by sudden changes in high and low tides
B. this terminology is not used by the scientific community
C. they are the same as tsunamis
D. they refer to the same phenomenon as seismic sea waves
Question 135: It can be inferred from the passage that tsunamis
A. cause severe damage in the middle of the ocean
B. generally reach heights greater than 40 meters
C. are far more dangerous on the coast than in the open ocean
D. are often identified by ships on the ocean
Question 136: A main difference between tsunamis in Japan and in Hawaii is that tsunamis
in Japan are more likely to
A. come from greater distances B. originate in Alaska
C. be less of a problem D. arrive without warning
Question 137: The possessive “their” in paragraph 3 refers to
A. the Hawaiian Islands B. thousands of miles
C. these tsunamis D. the inhabitants of Hawaii
Question 138: A “calamitous” tsunami, in paragraph 4, is one that is
A. at fault B. disastrous C. extremely calm D. expected
Question 139: From the expression “on record” in the last paragraph, it can be inferred that
the tsunami that accompanied the Krakatoa volcano
A. was not as strong as the tsunami in Lisbon
B. might not be the greatest tsunami ever
C. was filmed as it was happening
D. occurred before efficient records were kept
Question 140: The passage suggests that the tsunami resulting from the Krakatoa volcano
A. was far more destructive close to the source than far away
B. resulted in little damage
C. was unobserved outside of the Indonesian islands
D. caused volcanic explosions in the English Channel
Public awareness of the value of recycling materials such (141) plastic, paper,
and glass is increasing daily in all corners of the globe. In some countries these efforts are
being (142) by the local governments and in others, by individuals.
Participation in these programs is at an all-time high. In the small town of Truro in eastern
Massachusetts, for example, space in the local landfill has run out; therefore, residents have
had to think of new ways to (143) of their trash. With no room for items such as
newspaper, bottles, and old lumber at the land fill, local residents have come up with many
(144) programs to recycle and/ or reuse what was once thought of as only
trash. For instance, yard waste such as leaves and grass which used to be thrown in the
landfill is now broken down and made into compost used by local people as fertilizer in their
gardens. In addition, (145) plastics, newspapers, bottles and cans are sold to a
recycling company, thereby bringing in revenue for the town.
Question 141: A. like B. with C. alike D. as
Homing pigeons are placed in a training program from about the time they are
twenty-eight days of age. They are taught to enter the loft through a trap and to exercise
above and around the loft, and gradually they are taken away for short distances in wicker
baskets and released. They are then expected to find their way home in the shortest
possible time.
In their training flights or in actual races, the birds are taken to prearranged distant
points and released to find their way back to their own lofts. Once the birds are liberated,
their owners, who are standing by at the home lofts, anxiously watch the sky for the return
of their entries. Since time is of the essence, the speed with which the birds can be induced
to enter the loft trap may make the difference between gaining a win or a second place.
The head of a homing pigeon is comparatively small, but its brain is one quarter
larger than that of the ordinary pigeon. The homing pigeon is very intelligent and will
persevere to the point of stubbornness; some have been known to fly a hundred miles off
course to avoid a storm.
Some homing pigeon experts claim that this bird is gifted with a form of built-in radar
that helps it find its own loft after hours of flight, for hidden under the head feathers are two
very sensitive ears, while the sharp, prominent eyes can see great distances in daytime.
Why do homing pigeons fly home? They are not unique in this inherent skill: it is
found in most migratory birds, in bees, ants, toads, and even turtles, which have been known
to travel hundreds of miles to return to their homes. But in the animal world, the homing
pigeon alone can be trusted with its freedom and trained to carry out the missions that
people demand.
Question 146: What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To convince the reader to buy a homing pigeon.
B. To inform the reader about homing pigeons and their training.
C. To protect homing pigeons against the threat of extinction.
D. To encourage the owners of homing pigeons to set the birds free.
Question 147: According to the passage, what happens to homing pigeons when they are
about a month old?
A. They are kept in a trap. B. They enter their first race.
C. They begin a training program. D. They get their wings clipped and marked.
Question 148: In paragraph 2, when the author states that the owners "anxiously watch
the sky" there is the implication that the owners .
A. want their pigeon to win the race B. are sending radar signals to their
pigeons C.do not know whether the race began on time D. do not trust
the rules set down by the judges
Question 149: According to the passage, what is the difference between a homing pigeon
and an ordinary one?
A. The span of the wings B. The shape of the eyes
C. The texture of the feathers D. The size of the brain
Question 150: The author mentions all of the following at tributes that enable a homing
pigeon to return home EXCEPT .
A. instinct B. air sacs C. sensitive ears D. good eyes
Question 151: In the fourth paragraph, the pronoun "it" refers to which of the following?
A. Radar B. Bird C. Loft D. Form
Question 152: Why does the author mention bees, ants, toads, and turtles in the last
paragraph?
A. To describe some unusual kinds of pets.
B. To measure distances traveled by various animals.
C. To compare their home-finding abilities with those of homing pigeons.
D. To interest the reader in learning about other animals.
Just as more English is being taught in primary schools worldwide, so there are a
growing number of language schools in English-speaking countries that are
(161) courses for younger learners. In Britain most young learners' courses are
(162) to 11-year-olds and upwards, with a few that cater for children as young
as seven. But what is a sensible age to start sending children abroad to study?
(163) , even adult learners find the experience of travelling to a strange country
and encountering people who speak an incomprehensible language challenging?
A great deal depends on how a child has been (164) up. For example,
if they have been exposed to new things and have already started to learn independence,
then they are likely to prosper. Further on, children who have previously travelled abroad
with their parents are usually more prepared for a study (165) in an English-
speaking country on their own than those who have not.
Question 161: A. granting B. setting C. offering D. studying
Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North
America. In 1620 the ship the Mayflowers arrived, bringing about 150 people who today are
usually called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find
enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans showed
them what foods were safe to eat, so that they could save food for the next winter. They
held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had
survived.
Today people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most
important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from North
America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes (also called yams) and cranberries,
which are made into a kind of sauce or jelly. The turkey is filled with stuffing or dressing, and
many families have their own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie.
On Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. In New
York there is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, when a long line of people wearing fancy
costumes march through the streets with large balloons in the shape of imaginary
characters. Thanksgiving is considered the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next
day many people go out to shop for Christmas presents.
Question 166: What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To compare how Thanksgiving was celebrated in the past and today.
B. To give an overview of a popular celebration in the US.
C. To explain the existence of a celebration in the US.
D. To introduce a Native American culture.
Question 167: In the United States, Thanksgiving is .
A. a religious celebration held by Christians only.
B. celebrated as a public holiday.
C. more important than Christmas.
D. apart from Christmas.
Question 168: According to the passage, Pilgrims are .
A. people who traveled to America by ships
B. trips that religious people make to a holy place
C. people who left their home and went to live in North America in 1620s
D. Native Americans who live in North America
Question 169: All of the following statements are mentioned EXCEPT .
A. People celebrate Thanksgiving to thank God.
B. People usually have traditional dinners on Thanksgiving.
C. There are lots of entertainments on Thanksgiving.
D. People go to churches for religious services on Thanksgiving.
Question 170: Which of the following statements is not TRUE about Thanksgiving ?
A. turkey, yams and pumpkin pies are served.
B. people join in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade.
C. people wear colored costumes marching through the streets.
D. people go out to shop for Christmas presents.
Question 171: In the second paragraph, the pronoun "them" refers to which of the
following?
A. Pilgrims B. the Mayflowers C. Native Americans D. Schools
Question 172: Which of the following is NOT true?
A. In the US, Thanksgiving is not a national holiday; it's a religious holiday.
B. Christmas comes less than a month after Thanksgiving.
C. Thanksgiving was originally celebrated by the first Europeans in North America to
thank God for their survival.
D. The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is colorful and exciting.
A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater lake, one
of the world’s largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known
as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises
Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its
waters are warmed by geothermal heat from the earth’s core. The thick glacier above Lake
Vostok actually insulates it from the frigid temperatures on the surface.
The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an
aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and
revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data
collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; the satellite-
borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating
on the water of the lake.
The discovery of such a huge freshwater lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to
the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that
have survived for thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated
ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the
discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh
climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake
without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to
accomplish this.
Question 173: The word “hidden” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .
A. undrinkable B. untouched C. unexploitable D. undiscovered
Question 174: What is true of Lake Vostok?
A. It is completely frozen. B. It is saltwater lake.
C. It is beneath a thick slab of ice. D. It is heated by the sun.
Question 175: Which of the following is closest in meaning to “frigid” in paragraph 1?
A. extremely cold B. easily broken C. quite harsh D. lukewarm
Question 176: All of the following are true about the 1970 survey of Antarctica EXCEPT that
it .
A. was conducted by air B. made use of radio waves
C. could not determine the lake’s exact size D. was controlled by a satellite
Question 177: It can be inferred from the passage that the ice would not be flat if .
A. there were no lake underneath B. the lake were not so big
C. Antarctica were not so cold D. radio waves were not used
Question 178: The word “microbes” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by which of the
following?
A. Pieces of dust B. Tiny bubbles C. Tiny organisms D. Rays of light
Question 179: Lake Vostok is potentially important to scientists because it .
A. can be studied using radio waves B. may contain uncontaminated
microbes
C. may have elevated levels of ultraviolet light D. has already been contaminated
Question 180: The purpose of the passage is to .
A. explain how Lake Vostok was discovered
B. provide satellite data concerning Antarctica
C. discuss future plans for Lake Vostok
D. present an unexpected aspect of Antarctica’s geography
Last year thieves broke into a Scottish stately home and stole only one thing: a rhino horn
trophy, which at 1.5 meters was the longest in the world. Meanwhile, in China,
pharmaceutical factories have been building up (181) of antiques made from
rhino horn, for the sole purpose of smashing them to powder to make the (182)
ingredient of many of
their medicines. And in Zimbabwe, 34 poachers died in 1990 in the search for the black
rhino.
Recently, conservationists met to (183) a campaign to persuade countries
where rhino horn is still part of the traditional medicine to switch to substitutes. The biggest
threat to the survival of the rhinoceros is the refusal of certain countries to enforce a ban on
domestic trading in rhino horn.
The rhino horn is included in many doses for disorders raging from fevers to nosebleeds.
Horn, like fingernails, is made of keratin and has no proven medicinal (184) .
Traditional substitutes, such as horn from buffalo or antelope, are regarded as second best.
The battle is thought to be winnable. But it may be harder than the battle against the
trade in ivory, for there is a (185) between the two commodities. Ivory is a luxury;
rhino horn, people believe, could save the life of their child.
Question 181: A. bundles B. collections C. amounts D. groups
Beads were probably the first durable ornaments humans possessed, and the
intimate relationship they had with their owners is reflected in the fact that beads are among
the most common items found in ancient archaeological sites. In the past, as today, men,
women, and children adorned themselves with beads. In some cultures still, certain beads
are often worn from birth until death, and then are buried with their owners for the afterlife.
Abrasion due to daily wear alters the surface features of beads, and if they are buried for
long, the effects of corrosion can further change their appearance. Thus, interest is imparted
to the bead both by use and the effects of time.
Besides their wearability, either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire,
beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible, they are durable, portable,
available in infinite variety, and often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in
today's market. Pleasing to look at and touch, beads come in shapes, colors, and materials
that almost compel one to handle them and to sort them.
Beads are miniature bundles of secrets waiting to be revealed: their history,
manufacture, cultural context, economic role, and ornamental use are all points of
information one hopes to unravel. Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great
distances and been exposed to many human experiences. The bead researcher must gather
information from many diverse fields. In addition to having to be a generalist while
specializing in what may seem to be a narrow field, the researcher is faced with the problem
of primary materials that have little or no documentation. Many ancient beads that are of
ethnographic interest have often been separated from their original cultural context.
The special attractions of beads contribute to the uniqueness of bead research.
While often regarded as the "small change of civilizations", beads are a part of every culture,
and they can often be used to date archaeological sites and to designate the degree of
mercantile, technological, and cultural sophistication.
Question 186: What is the main subject of the passage?
A. Materials used in making beads B. How beads are made
Milpa Alta is a region of twelve villages and towns to the south of Mexico City. In Milpa
Alta, traditions are still very important and one of the most famous traditional events is a
community meal. It takes place every Christmas and is called La Rejunta. More than a meal, it’s
a feast, where about sixty thousand tamales and fifteen thousand litres of hot chocolate are
made and consumed. Tamales are made from corn. They are typical of the region: the name
Milpa Alta means “High cornfield”. The feast is offered to the people who go on the long walk to
El Señor de Chalma about 80 kilometers away. It’s an important event on the religious calendar
for local people and as many as 20,000 people take part.
The planning and organisation of La Rejunta takes the whole year. Every year, different
people are given the job of majordomo, which means they’re responsible for organising the
meal. There’s a waiting list for the opportunity to do this and currently the next available year is
2046. This year’s majordomos are Virginia Meza Torres and her husband Fermín Lara Jiménez,
who put their names on the list 14 years ago.
One year before the meal, men go to the forest and collect wood that they store near the
home of the majordomo. It has to be dry when it’s used to make the cooking fires. Local farmers
grow most of the corn, meat and vegetables that are needed as ingredients. In the week before
the feast, hundreds of volunteers arrive to help with the preparation and the cooking. No instant
or ready-made foods are allowed. Amazingly, everyone seems to know what they have to do.
On the day of the feast, the majordomos and others have stayed up all night cooking. Fermin is
in charge of the numbers – making sure there are enough tamales for everyone.
For the people of Milpa Alta, eating together is one of their most important traditions.
One woman, Josefina García Jiménez, explains that sitting together at the table is like a glue
that keeps people together. It feels like I am passing down a tradition, and when they are adults,
they will remember what I have done. Here we have time to cook, time to think about the
ingredients, time to show our kids through cooking that we love them. ‟ The time that everybody
stays at the table after the meal has finished is just as important as the food. They talk, tell
stories and laugh together. At Christmas, La Rejunta is a giant version of a family meal.
Question 193: What is the article about?
A. daily life in Mexico B. farming in Milpa Alta
C. Mexican cuisine D. traditions in Mexico
Question 194: In Milpa Alta, eating with other people is .
A. difficult B. important C. unusual D. abstained
Question 195: What’s unusual about La Rejunta?
A. A huge amount of food is made. B. The event lasts for many days.
C. The ingredients are very unusual. D. The preparation only takes a few
days.
Question 196: What do the majordomos do?
A. cook the food for La Rejunta B. grow food for La Rejunta
C. organise La Rejunta D. collect wood for La Rejunta
Question 197: According to the article, which statement is true?
A. Not many people want to be majordomos.
B. People wait a long time to be majordomos.
C. Virginia Meza Torres has been a majordomo for 14 years.
D. A majordomo has the right to spend the night sleeping on the day of the feast.
Question 198: According to the third paragraph, which sentence is true?
A. After the meal, people do the dishes together.
B. It takes a week to organise La Rejunta.
C. The majordomos do everything themselves.
D. All the food for the meal is from the local area.
Question 199: Fermin .
A. cooks the tamales. B. counts the amount of food.
C. tells the volunteers what to do. D. makes plan for the next La Rejunta.
Question 200: According to the last paragraph, the important thing about family meals is
.
A. being together B. the cook C. the food D. the ingredients
The Indonesian capital, with a population of over 10 million, has been named the
most packed city on the planet. Its greater metropolitan area, (201) as
Jabodetabek, is the second largest in the world.
From 21 to 25 November, the Guardian Cities team will be in Jakarta for a live week
of (202) reporting and special events all about the issues shaping the city. As a
key part of this week, we’d love to hear from local residents about local life and how it’s
changing – for better (203) worse – as well as aspiration for Jakarta’s future
From huge street protests earlier this month against Jakarta’s Christian governor
Ahok’s alleged blashpheny in his comments about the Qur’an, to the president’s
spokenperson saying there is “no room” for LBGT people in Indonesia and plans to ban gay
networking apps like Grindr, have you witnessed social division in the city, or experienced
discrimination yourself?
Is the city rapid development – including the proliferation of shopping malls and a
huge land reclamation project to help (204) a growing population a positive or
negative thing in your view?
If you live or work in Jakarta, we’d love to hear from you. From traffic and urban
development to community and culture, what are the best and worst things about life in the
city? What would make Jakarta better, and what changes are most (205)
needed?
Question 201: A. admiited B. known C. revealed D. published
Question 202: A. in-depth B. deep C. depth D. in-deep
Certain birds are, more often than not, considered bad luck, or even a sign of
impending death. For example, all over the world, both crows and ravens have some
connection to war, and death. In early times, crows and ravens were thought to accompany
the gods of war, or be signs of the god’s approaching arrival. This idea later changed. Crows
in particular were thought to be harbingers of ill fortune or, in some cases, guides to the
afterlife. Woe be it to the person who saw a single crow or raven flying overhead, for this
was most certainly a portent of death in the near future.
Interestingly, though potentially bad luck for people individually, the raven is
considered to be good luck for the crown of England. So much so, in fact, that a “raven
master” is, even today, an actual government position in London. He takes care of the
ravens there and also clips their wings, ensuring that these birds can never fly far from the
seat of the British government. This way, the kingdom will never fall to ill fortune.
Another bird that is thought to play a part in forecasting the fortunes of people is the
swallow. Depending on how and when it is seen, the swallow can be a harbinger of either
good or ill fortune. Perhaps inspired the swallow’s red-brown breast, Christian people
initially related the swallow to the death of Jesus Christ. Thus, people who saw a swallow fly
through their house considered it a portent of death. Later, however, farmers began to
consider swallows signs of good fortune. Any barn that has swallows living in it is sure to be
blessed in the following year. Farmers also have to beware of killing a swallow; that would
be certain to end any good luck they might have had.
Though many people think these superstitions are old wives’ tales, there is actually
some evidence to support them. For example, crows and ravens, being scavengers, appear
at the aftermath of battles. Thus, large numbers of crows and ravens could be good
indications of war in an area. As well, swallows feed on insects that can cause infections in
cattle. Thus, a farmer who has many swallows in his barn may actually have healthier
animals on his farm. Therefore, the next time you feel inclined to laugh at an old wives’ tale,
maybe you had better find out if there is any truth to it first!.
Question 206: What is the main idea of this reading?
A. Birds bring bad luck.
B. Don’t look a crow in the eye
C. There are many superstitions surrounding birds.
D. Birds are important to English people.
Question 207: Which birds are considered harbingers of bad luck?
A. Crows B. Swallows C. Ravens D. All of the above
Question 208: The word "portent" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
.
A. sign B. coming C. symbol D. destruction
Question 209: Which is NOT true, according to the reading?
A. Some superstitions are based on reality.
B. Seeing a swallow is a sign of war and death in the future.
C. Ravens bring good luck for the country of England.
D. Crows eat dead animals.
Question 210: The word "old wives’ tales" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
.
A. stories told by housewives in the past
C. folk beliefs passed down from generation to generation without any reason of science
D. folk tales about wives that were passed on to people in a spoken form
A newborn baby can see, hear and feel. By the age of five, a child can talk, ride a bike
and invent imaginary friends. How does this development happen? We don’t understand the
way language, thinking and planning develop very well. Now scientists are using new
technology to ‘see’ into children’s brains. And they are discovering new information about the
way a baby’s brain develops.
A study in 2010 showed that the experiences a child has in their first few years affect the
development of the brain. It showed that children who received more attention often had higher
IQs. The brain of a newborn baby has nearly a hundred billion neurons. This is the same
number as an adult‟s brain. As they grow, a baby receives information through the senses of
sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. This information creates connections between different
parts of the brain. At the age of three, there are a hundred trillion connections.
One experiment looked at images of babies’ brains while they were listening to different
sounds. The sounds were in different sequences. For example, one sequence was mu-ba-ba.
This is the pattern ‘A- B-B’. Another sequence was mu-ba-ge. This is the pattern ‘A-B-C’. The
images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during ‘A-B-B’
patterns. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. This
experiment is interesting because sequences of words are important to grammar and meaning.
Compare two sentences with the same words in a different order: “John killed the bear” is very
different from ‘The bear killed John’. So babies are starting to learn grammatical rules from the
beginning of life.
Researchers also know that babies need to hear a lot of language in order to understand
grammar rules. But there is a big difference between listening to television, audio books or the
internet, and interacting with people. One study compared two groups of nine-month-old
American babies. One group watched videos of Mandarin Chinese sounds. In the other group,
people spoke the same sounds to the babies. The test results showed that the second group
could recognise different sounds, however the first group learned nothing.
The scientist, Patricia Kuhl, said this result was very surprising. It suggests that social
experience is essential to successful brain development in babies.
Question 213: The purpose of the article is to _.
A. explain new studies into the development of babies‟ brains.
B. describe how a new-born baby‟s brain works.
C. compare the brains of adults and children.
D. prove that nowadays babies are more intelligent than in the past.
Question 214: According to the first paragraph .
A. most aspects of child development are understood quite well.
B. some five-year-olds have imaginary friends.
C. children use technology more these days.
D. technology has been used in children‟s brain surgery.
Question 215: Which statement is supported by the second paragraph?
A. Adult brains have more neurons than new-n ai ain
B. Babies and three-year-olds have the same number of neurons.
C. Early experiences have an effect on brain development.
D. The connections between parts of the brain stay the same as a child grows up.
Question 216: According to the second paragraph, which of the following can affect IQ?
A. being with adults a lot B. connecting with other babies
C. paying attention to a baby D. having access to information as
early as possible
Question 217: It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. A pattern like ‘A-B-C’ is easier to understand
B. Babies’ brains cannot recognise different sound patterns
C. It’s not known which area of a baby’s brain processes speech.
D. Children can actually learn grammatical rules in their very early age.
Question 218: According to the article, which statement is true?
A. Experiments focusing on language have given researchers new information.
B. Children who hear different languages develop differently.
C. The development of language is the easiest thing to study in babies.
D. Babies are able to understand grammar rules of a language only in specific period.
Question 219: What did the study described in the last paragraph do?
A. compare the effects of different languages
B. divide babies into two groups with different treatment
C. investigate if babies can learn Chinese
D. teach babies foreign languages through listening to videos.
Question 220: What is the main conclusion from the study described in the last paragraph?
A. Babies can understand television at the age of nine months.
B. Social interaction has a big influence on the brain.
C. Watching videos is a good way to develop a child’s brain
D. Mandarin Chinese is not too hard to be learned for American babies.
Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the
world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting
observations have been made. TV, although not essential, has become a(n) (221)
part of most people’s lives. It has become a baby- sitter, an initiator of conversations, a
major transmitter of culture, and a keeper of traditions. Yet when what can be seen on TV in
one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that TV is not a teacher but a sustainer.
The poor quality of programs does not elevate people into greater (222) , but rather
maintains and encourages the status quo. The (223) reason for the lack of quality in
American TV is related to both the history of TV development and the economics of TV. TV
in American began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented
with TV. Therefore, the close relationship, which the advertisers had with radio programs,
become the system for American TV. Sponsors not only pay money for time within
programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, (224) from the
capitalistic, profit- oriented sector of American society, TV is primarily concerned with
reflecting and attracting society (225) than innovating and experimenting with new
ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible; to do so requires
that the programs be entertaining rather than challenging. TV in America today remains, to a
large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope
for some evolution and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in
the entire system.
Question 221: A. integral B. mixed C. fractional D. superior
Are organically grown foods the best food choices? The advantages claimed for such
foods over conventionally grown and marketed food products are now being debated.
Advocates of organic foods – a term whose meaning varies greatly – frequently proclaim that
such products are safer and more nutritious than others.
The growing interest of consumers in the safety and nutritional quality of the typical
North American diet is a welcome development. However, much of this interest has been
sparked by sweeping claims that the food supply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting
nutritional needs. Although most of these claims are not supported by scientific evidence, the
preponderance of written material advancing such claims makes it difficult for the general
public to separate fact from fiction. As a result, claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of
organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have
become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.
Almost daily the public is besieged by claims for "no-aging" diets, new vitamins, and
other wonder foods. There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are
superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs,
that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains, and the like.
One thing that most organically grown food products seem to have in common is that
they cost more than conventionally grown foods. But in many cases consumers are misled if
they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than
conventionally grown foods. So there is real cause for concern if consumers, particularly
those with limited incomes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expensive organic
foods instead.
Question 226: The word "others" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .
A. advantages B. advocates C. organic foods D. products
Question 227: The "welcome development" mentioned in paragraph 2 is an increase
in .
A. interest in food safety and nutrition among North Americans
B. the nutritional quality of the typical North American diet
C. the amount of healthy food grown in North America
D. the number of consumers in North America
Question 228: According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true about the term
"organic foods"?
A. It is accepted by most nutritionists. B. It has been used only in recent years.
C. It has no fixed meaning. D. It is seldom used by consumers.
Question 229: The word "unsubstantiated" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
.
A. unbelievable B. uncontested C. upopular D. unverified
Question 230: The author implies that there is cause for concern if consumers with limited
incomes buy organic foods instead of conventionally grown foods because
.
A. many organic foods are actually less nutritious than similar conventionally grown
foods B. organic foods can be more expensive but are often no better
than conventionally grown foods
C. conventionally grown foods are more readily available than organic foods
D. too many farmers will stop using conventional methods to grow food crops
Question 231: According to the last paragraph, consumers who believe that organic foods
are better than conventionally grown foods are often .
A. careless B. mistaken C. thrifty D. wealthy
Question 232: What is the author's attitude toward the claims made by advocates of health
foods?
A. Very enthusiastic B. Somewhat favorable
C. Neutral D. Skeptical
Sometimes the road to the future leads through the past. Such was the case for
Americans Scott and Brennan Olson, who used an old idea to launch a hot new trend in sports:
inline roller skating.
In 1979, these siblings found a pair of antique roller skates while checking out bargains
at a used sporting-goods store. The skates they found had four wheels in a single row instead
of the traditional parallel pairs of wheels in front and back. This single row of wheels intrigued
the Olsons. They were avid hockey players, and they immediately noticed the similarity between
the inline wheels and the long, single blade found on the bottom of ice skates. Could these
unusual skates somehow be used to practice hockey off the ice?
The Olsons set about trying to modify the design of the antique skates that they had
found. First they tested out the antique skates to see how well they worked. From those tests,
they tried to come up with ways to improve the old design. One improvement involved using
special materials to make the skates stronger and easier to steer. The Olsons also added
reliable brakes to their inline skates. In 1980, the Olsons founded a company called Rollerblade
to make and sell their “new” invention. Sales skyrocketed, and soon millions of people
worldwide were “rollerblading,” as inline skating was mistakenly called.
At first, inline skating was recreational. People enjoyed skating in parks and on streets,
and some even danced on skates at giant roller discos. Today, inline “group skates” are popular
all over the world. In cities such as San Francisco, Paris, and Berlin, as many as 20,000 skaters
might meet on a free day and skate together through the streets. Many people see inline skating
as a great way to exercise and socialize.
By the mid-1990s, inline skating had become more than just a recreational sport. It had
developed into several competitive sports. One of the most popular, even today, is aggressive
skating. This involves performing tricks and jumping over objects such as boxes, ramps, and
rails. Other kinds of competitive skating include speed skating, artistic skating, downhill racing,
and skating marathons.
So, what about hockey? Well, the Olsons achieved their goal. Inline hockey leagues
sprang up almost immediately. Then in 1999, inline hockey joined the lineup at the Pan-
American Games. There are rumors that inline skating may even become part of the Summer
Olympics someday.
Question 233: What is the main idea of this reading?
A. Why inline skating is popular B. The history of inline skating competitions
C. How inline skating developed D. The story of Scott and Brennan Olson
Question 234: According to the reading, what is true about the Olsons’?
A. They wanted to make a new invention.
B. They did not succeed with their original goal.
C. They were motivated because they loved a sport.
D. They were not very good businessmen.
Question 235: The word "intrigued" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. acknowledged B. piqued curiosity C. took aback D. crashed
Question 236: What was a problem with the early inline skates?
A. They were too heavy. B. They were uncomfortable.
C. They were not easy to stop. D. They were made of expensive metal
Question 237: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a
benefit of inline skating?
A. socializing B. entertaining C. exercising D. self-
motivating
Question 238: The word "sprang up" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning
to .
A. developed B. was invented C. constrained D. introduced
Question 239: What is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. At first, only hockey players were interested in the Olsons’ skates.
B. The Olsons started a new company.
C. In the 1980s, most people called inline skates rollerblades.
D. Rollerblades became very popular almost from the beginning.
Question 240: What can be inferred about the antique inline skates found by the Olsons?
A. They were not widely sold. B. They were used mainly by Europeans.
C. They were more popular than bicycles. D. They were used by hockey players in
the summer.
The 15th Asian Games took place from December 1 through December 15, 2006, in
Doha, Capital of Qatar. More than 10,000 athletes, who (241) 45 countries and
regions, took part in 39 sports and 424 events of the Games, the most important event in
Asia. Some new events such as chess and triathlon were also included in the Games.
The 15th Asian Games was organized at 34 sporting (242) , including
Khalifa Stadium, which hosted the opening and closing ceremonies. The Opening Ceremony
of the 15th Asian Games, Doha 2006, at Khalifa Stadium, was the most (243)
opening of any Games with 50,000 people to get into Khalifa
Stadium and more than one billion television viewers. The Doha Asian Games Organizing
Committee (DAGOC) wanted to ensure that everybody who saw the ceremony would have a
memory for life as suggested in the (244) "The Games of Your Life." The 15th
Asian Games was a successful sporting event that all (245) would
never forget.
Question 241: A. symbolized B. represented C. expressed D. typified
Imagine the busy streets of New York City, an enormous place with millions of
people. Every day, the streets are congested with people going about their daily lives. Now
imagine a small robot in the middle of all of those people rolling down a busy sidewalk. Most
people would not even notice the teninch smiling robot, called a Tweenbot, rolling along the
street. This strange machine may interest some people, while others would ignore it
completely. A researcher interested in studying how helpful people really are uses such
robots in her experiments that take place on the streets of New York.
The Tweenbots experiment is the idea and creation of Kacie Kinzer. Kinzer’s idea
was to make a robot that could navigate the city and reach its destination only if it was aided
by pedestrians. Tweenbots rely on the kindness of warm-hearted strangers. Made simply of
cardboard, wheels, and a device to turn the wheels, the Tweenbots face many dangers on
the city streets. They could be run over by cars or smashed by careless kids. Kinzer thought
her little robots might even be seen as some kind of terrorist device. The only real protection
a Tweenbot has is its friendly smile. In addition to that, each of Kinzer’s robots is fitted with
a flag that displays instructions for the robot’s destination. The only way these robots will
reach their final point is if someone lends them a hand. Tweenbots are essentially a social
experiment aimed at providing people a chance to show how caring they are.
On a daily basis, people in New York City are often in a hurry to get around.
However, the Tweenbots, through their inability to look after themselves, took people out of
their normal routines. The people who noticed the helpless little robots were actually
interested in helping the Tweenbots find their way home. Tweenbots move at a constant
speed and can only go in a straight line. If one was to get stuck, or was going in the wrong
direction, it would be up to strangers to free it or turn it in the right direction. Surprisingly, no
Tweenbot was lost or damaged, and each one arrived at its target in good condition. In fact,
most people treated the robot in a gentle manner, and some even treated it as though it
were a small living being.
Even if you were in a rush to go somewhere, would you stop and help a Tweenbot
successfully reach its destination?
Question 246: What is this reading about?
A. A place to buy robots B. A new kind of toy
C. An experiment D. An interesting idea for the future
Question 247: What is a Tweenbot?
A. A person from New York City B. A ten-inch smiling robot
C. A pedestrian D. A terrorist device
Question 248: The word "congested" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
.
A. flocked B. secluded C. stuffed D. crowded
Question 249: How did a Tweenbot get to its final destination?
A. With the help of other Tweenbots B. With the help of kind pedestrians on the
street
C. With the help of Kacie Kinzer D. With the help of other robots in New York City
Question 250: The word "is fitted with" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
.
A. is armed with B. is embedded with
C. is supplied with D. is assembled with
Question 251: Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A. Most Tweenbots arrived at their destination damaged or broken.
B. Most people treated the Tweenbots in a gentle manner.
C. Tweenbots could not navigate the city on their own.
D. Tweenbots move at a constant speed and can only go in a straight line.
Question 252: What can be inferred about the Tweenbot?
A. They were useful for research. B. They were ignored by most people.
C. They were helpful for pedestrians. D. They did not work as planned.
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American
language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United
States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and
hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter.
After the Civil War (1860-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into
household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and
Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own
use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a
precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early
nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science
of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The common-sense notion that the best icebox was one
that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice
that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping
the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the
nineteenth century did inventors achieve the nice balance of insulation and circulation
needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on
the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for
which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own
design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly
melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh
and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that
farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce
cool.
Question 253: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The influence of ice on the diet B. The development of refrigeration
C. The transportation of goods to market D. Sources of ice in the nineteenth
century
Question 254: According to the passage, when did the word "icebox" become part of the
language of the United States?
A. In 1803 B. Sometime before 1850
C. During the Civil War D. 1950s
Question 255: The author mentions “fish” in the first paragraph because
.
A. many fish dealers also sold ice.
B. fish was shipped in refrigerated freight cars.
C. fish dealers were among the early commercial users of ice.
D. fish was not part of the ordinary person's diet before the invention of the icebox.
Question 256: According to the passage, which of the following was an obstacle to the
development of the icebox?
A. Competition among the owners of refrigerated freight cars
B. The lack of a network for the distribution of ice
C. The use of insufficient insulation
D. Inadequate understanding of physics
Question 257: The word "rudimentary" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
.
A. undeveloped B. growing C. necessary D.
uninteresting
Question 258: The author describes Thomas Moore as having been "on the right track" to
indicate that .
A. the road to the market passed close to Moore's farm
B. Moore was an honest merchant
C. Moore was a prosperous farmer
D. Moore's design was fairly successful
Question 259: According to the passage, Moore's icebox allowed him to .
A. charge more for his butter B. travel to market at night
C. manufacture butter more quickly D. produce ice all year round
Question 260: The "produce" mentioned in the last paragraph could include
.
A. iceboxes B. butter C. ice D. markets
It isn’t difficult to imagine how increases in international commerce and in the
movement of people—two defining features of globalization—might influence health. More
goods go more places today than at any (261) in history. More people travel
farther, more frequently, and come in contact with more people and goods, than at any point
in history.
This increased movement of both goods and people increases opportunities for the
spread of disease around the world. And it’s not just goods and services that can travel
across oceans and state borders—so can diseases like AIDS, malaria, or tuberculosis. The
(262) of BSE, or ―mad cow disease,‖ in several European countries is only
one example of (263) trade can promote the spread of dangerous diseases.
Mosquitoes that carry malaria have been found aboard planes thousands of miles from their
primary habitats, and (264) seafood carrying cholera bacteria have been
shipped from Latin America to the United States and Europe.
But just as globalization increases the frequency and ease (265) which
diseases can move around the world, it also can improve access to the medicines, medical
information, and training that can help treat or cure these diseases.
Question 261: A. spot B. end C. point D. position
Leisure activity isn’t just for fun, says a University of Florida psychologist who has
developed a scale that classifies hobbies and avocations based on needs they satisfy in
people. The scale can help people find more personal fulfillment by giving them insight into
what they really like and by helping them to find substitutes when they can’t pursue their
favorite activities.
“The surprising thing is that activities you might think are very different have similar
effects on people” said Howard E.A. Tinsley, a UF psychology professor who developed the
measurement. ―Probably no one would consider acting to have the same characteristics as
roller-skating or playing baseball, but men and women who act as a hobby report feeling an
intense sense of belonging to a group, much the same way others do in playing sports.
And activities providing the strongest sense of competition are not sports, but card,
arcade and computer games, he found.
Tinsley, whose research on leisure has been published in several journals, is
scheduled this spring to present some of the findings in Milwaukee at a conference of the
Society for Vocational Psychology.
Based on surveys with more than 3,000 people about the satisfactions they get from
various hobbies, Tinsley obtained numerical scores for values such as “challenge” and
“hedonism”, and grouped some 82 leisure activities into 11 categories. For example, dining
out and watching movies fall into the “sensual enjoyment” category, playing soccer and
attending sports clubs meetings satisfy participants’ desires for a sense of “belongingness”
and coin collecting and baking fulfill their need for “creativity”.
“With so many people in jobs they don’t care for, leisure is a prized aspect of
people’s lives,” Tinsley said. “Yet it’s not something psychologists really study. Economists
tell us how much money people spend skiing, but nobody explains what it is about skiing that
is really appealing to people or how one activity relates to another, perhaps in unexpected
ways.”
“Fishing, generally considered more of an outdoor or recreational activity, for
example, is a form of self-expression like quilting or stamp collecting, because it gives
people the opportunity to express themselves by doing something completely different from
their daily routine,”he said.
Question 266: The word "substitutes" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
.
A. delight B. revenge C. replacement D. attraction
Question 267: Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Both acting and roller-skating give people a feeling of being a part of a team.
B. Collecting things satisfied people’s desire for making things.
C. Fishing allows you to show the type of person you are.
D. Researchers already know why a hobby attracts a person.
Question 268: Which of the following is not mentioned as a category in Tinsley’s scale?
A. hedonism B. belongingness C. initiative D. sensual enjoyment
Question 269: Taking part in sports gives you .
A. the strongest desire to win B. a need for creativity
C. the chance to express your feelings D. a sense of being part of a team
Question 270: The word "it" in the last paragraph refers to .
A. fishing B. activity C. self-expression D. stamp collecting
Question 271: Which sentence best summarizes the passage?
A. Leisure activity and sport are totally different.
B. A person’s personality is expressed via his hobbies.
C. Leisure activities satisfy people’s particular desires.
D. Sports affect a person’s personality.
Question 272: The findings in the passage by Howard E.A.Tinsley are somewhat
C. Humans and their ancestors have been predominantly right-handed for over a million
D. Human ancestors were more skilled at using both hands than modern humans.
In a world where 2 billion people live in homes that don't have light bulbs, technology holds
the key (281) banishing poverty. Even the simplest technologies can transform lives
and save money. Vaccines, crops, computers and sources of solar energy can all reduce
poverty in developing countries. For example, cheap oral-rehydration therapy developed in
Bangladesh has dramatically cut the death (282) from childhood diarrhoea.
But even when such technologies exist, the depressing fact is that we can’t make them cheap
enough for those who most need them. Solar panels, batteries and light bulbs are still beyond
the purse of many, but where they have been installed they change lives. A decent light in the
evening gives children more time for homework and extends the productive day for adults.
Kenya has a thriving solar industry and six years ago Kenyan pioneers also started connecting
schools to the Internet via radio links. These people were fortunate in being able to afford solar
panels, radios and old computers. How much bigger would the impact be if these things
(283) and priced specifically for poor people?
Multinationals must become part of the solution, because (284) they own around 60 per
cent of the world's technology, they seldom make products for poor customers. Of 1,223 new
drugs marketed worldwide from 1975 to 1996, for example, just 13 were for tropical diseases.
People think those enterprises should do more to provide vital products such as medicines at
different prices around the world to suit (285) people can afford. Alternatively, they could
pay a percentage of their profit towards research and development for the poor.
(Adapted from “The Price is Wrong” in “Focus on IELTS Foundations” by Sue O’Connell,
Pearson Longman, 2006)
Question 281: A. to B. at C. with D. for
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures for his business. He was not a good
artist, so he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a
picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.
The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre,
another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a
different process. In his pictures, you could see everything clearly, even the smallest details.
This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process. Travelers brought back
daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities,
and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people
and moving things. The process was not simple and photographers had to carry lots of film
and processing equipment. However, this did not stop photographers, especially in the
United States. After 1840, daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.
Matthew Brady was one well-known American photographer. He took many portraits of
famous people. The portraits were unusual because they were lifelike and full of personality.
Brady was also the first person to take pictures of a war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed
dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy film
readymade in rolls, instead of having to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to
process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later.
They did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld
camera made photography less expensive.
With a small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just
for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends, and favorite places. They called these
pictures "snapshots".
Documentary photographs became popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines
and books also used them. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much
more real than drawings.
Some people began to think of photography as a form of art. They thought that photography
could do more than show the real world. It could also show ideas and feelings, like other art
forms. From “Reading Power” by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries
Question 286: Daguerre took a picture of his studio with .
A. a new kind of camera B. a very simple camera
C. special equipment D. an electronic camera
Question 287: The word “this” in the passage refers to .
A. carrying of lots of film and processing equipment
B. stopping of photographers from taking photos
C. fact that daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities
D. taking of pictures of people and moving things
Question 288: The word “ruined” in the passage is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A. poorly-painted B. heavily-polluted C. terribly spoiled D. badly damaged
Question 289: The latest invention mentioned in the passage is the invention of .
A. . handheld cameras B. processing equipment
C. daguerreotypes D. rolls of film
Question 290: The word “handheld” in the passage is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A. handling manually B. held by hand
C. controlling hands D. operated by hand
Question 291: As mentioned in the passage, photography can .
A. print old pictures B. convey ideas and feelings
C. show the underworld D. replace drawings
Question 292: Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Different Steps in Film Processing B. Story of Photography
C. Photography and Painting D. Story of Famous Photographers
Architecture is the practice of building design and its resulting products; customary usage refers
only to those designs and structures that are culturally significant. Architecture is to building as
literature is to the printed word. Vitruvius, a 1st-century BC Roman, wrote encyclopedically
about architecture, and the English poet Sir Henry Wotton was quoting him in his charmingly
phrased dictum: “Well building hath three conditions: Commoditie, Firmenes, and Delight.” More
prosaically, one would say today that architecture must satisfy its intended uses, must be
technically sound, and must convey aesthetic meaning. But the best buildings are often so well
constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects,
but as documents of the history of cultures, achievements in architecture that testify to the
nature of the society that produced them. These achievements are never wholly the work of
individuals. Architecture is a social art.
Architectural form is inevitably influenced by the technologies applied, but building technology is
conservative and knowledge about it is cumulative. Precast concrete, for instance, has not
rendered brick obsolete. Although design and construction have become highly sophisticated
and are often computer directed, this complex apparatus rests on preindustrial traditions
inherited from millennia during which most structures were lived in by the people who erected
them. The technical demands on building remain the elemental ones – to exclude enemies, to
circumvent gravity, and to avoid discomforts caused by an excess of heat or cold or by the
intrusion of rain, wind, or vermin. This is no trivial assignment even with the best modern
technology.
The availability of suitable materials fostered the crafts to exploit them and influenced the
shapes of buildings. Large areas of the world were once forested, and their inhabitants
developed carpentry. Although it has become relatively scarce, timber remains an important
building material.
Many kinds of stone lend themselves to building. Stone and marble were chosen for important
monuments because they are incombustible and can be expected to endure. Stone is also a
sculptural material; stone architecture was often integral with stone sculpture. The use of stone
has declined, however, because a number of other materials are more amenable to industrial
use and assembly.
Some regions lack both timber and stone; their peoples used the earth itself, tamping certain
mixtures into walls or forming them into bricks to be dried in the sun. Later they baked these
substances in kilns, producing a range of bricks and tiles with greater durability.
(Extracted from Microsoft® Encarta® 2009 Encyclopedia – DVD Version)
Question 293: According to the passage, the term “architecture” is normally used to refer to
the designs and structures that have .
A. religious significance B. social importance
C. technical importance D. cultural significance
Question 294: Which of the following is NOT considered an essential characteristic of
architecture according to the passage?
A. Strength B. Utility C. Economy D. Beauty
Question 295: When well-constructed buildings exist longer than their original use, they
serve as .
A. monuments to ancient time heroes B. museums and exhibition galleries
C. witnesses to major ancient wars D. witnesses to their historical times
Question 296: The author uses the phrase “social art” in the first paragraph to emphasise
that architecture is an .
A. art that belongs to a society B. art that is very much socialised
C. achievement of many people D. achievement of many sociologists
Question 297: According to the passage, knowledge about building technology .
A. is always influenced by a wide range of technological applications
B. has experienced complete changes for generations
C. is based on modern technologies rather than traditions
D. includes the experience gained from generation to generation.
Question 298: The word “obsolete” in paragraph 2 mostly means .
A. out of date B. out of place C. out of order D. out of hand
Question 299: According to the passage, stone and marble were used for buildings of
historical importance because they .
A. make structures look more attractive B. are inflammable and endurable
C. give warmth and comfort to their owners D. are non-flammable and last long
Question 300: According to the passage, today stone has been used less as a building
material because .
A. there have been other more suitable materials for industrial use
B. stone architecture is essential to the number of stone sculptures
C. it has less influence on the shapes of buildings and sculptures
D. it has become relatively scarce and more difficult to exploit
In addition to the challenge to be excellent, American schools have been facing novel
problems. They must (301) with an influx of immigrant children, many of whom speak
little or no English. They must respond to demands that the curriculum reflect the various
cultures of all children. Schools must make sure that students develop basic skills for the job
market, and they must consider the needs of nontraditional students, such as teenage
mothers.
Schools are (302) these problems in ways that reflect the diversity of the US
educational system. They are hiring or training large numbers of teachers of English as a
second language and, in some communities, setting up bilingual schools. They are opening
up the traditional European-centered curriculum to embrace material from African, Asian,
and other cultures.
Schools are also teaching cognitive skills to the (303) 40 percent of American
students who do not go on to higher education. In the (304) of a recent report by the
Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, “A strong back, the willingness to work, and a
high school diploma were once all that was necessary to (305) a start in America.
They are no longer. A well- developed mind, a continued willingness to learn and the ability
to put knowledge to work are the new keys to the future of our young people, the success of
our business, and the economic well-being of the nation.”
(Extracted from InfoUSA – CD Version)
Question 301: A. do B. stay C. fight D. cope
The ability to conduct electricity is one of the key properties of a metal. Other solid materials
such as silicon can conduct electricity but only effectively at certain temperatures. Also,
some substances such as salt (sodium chloride) can conduct when molten or when
dissolved in water. The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to how their atoms bond
together. In order to bond together the metal atoms lose at least one of their outermost
electrons. This leaves the metal atoms with a positive charge and they are now strictly ions.
The lost electrons are free to move in what is known as a sea of electrons. Since the
electrons are negatively charged they attract the ions and this is what keeps the structure
together.
An electric current is a flow of charge and since the electrons in the sea of electrons are free
to move they can be made to flow in one direction when a source of electrical energy such
as a battery is connected to the metal. Hence we have an electric current flowing through the
wire, and this is what makes metals such good conductors of electricity. The only other
common solid conducting material that pencil users are likely to encounter is graphite (what
the „lead’ of a pencil is made from). Graphite is a form of carbon and again the carbon atoms
bond in such a way that there is a sea of electrons that can be made to flow as an electric
current. Likewise, if we have an ionic substance like salt we can make the electrically
charged ions flow to create a current but only when those ions are free to move, either when
the substance is a liquid or dissolved in water. In its solid state an ionic substance like salt
cannot conduct electricity as its charged ions cannot flow.
Electrical insulators are substances that cannot conduct electricity well either, because they
contain no charged particles or any charged particles they might contain do not flow easily.
Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant amount of
fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall the
molecule is neutral). However, most water we encounter does contain dissolved charged
particles, so it will be more conductive than pure water. Many of the problems that occur
when touching electrical devices with wet hands result from the ever-present salt that is left
on our skin through perspiration and it dissolves in the water to make it more conductive.
By Helena Gillespie and Rob Gillespie. Science for Primary School Teachers. OUP
Question 306: According to the passage, a metal can conduct electricity due to .
A. the way its atoms bond together B. the absence of free electrons
C. its atoms with a positive charge D. the loss of one electron in the core of its
atoms
Question 307: The word “outermost” in paragraph 1 mostly means .
A. the heaviest B. furthest from the inside
C. nearest to the inside D. the lightest
Question 308: Salt in its solid state is not able to conduct electricity because .
A. . its charged ions can flow easily B. it cannot create any charged ions
C. it has free electrons D. its charged ions are not free to
move
Question 309: Water is a poor conductor because it contains .
A. only a positive electric charge B. only a small amount of fully charged
particles
C. only a negative electric charge D. no positive or negative electric charge
Question 310: We can have problems when touching electrical devices with wet hands
because .
A. the water itself is a good conductor of electricity
B. the water contains too many neutral molecules
C. the water containing no charged particles makes it more conductive
D. the water dissolves the salt on our skin and becomes more conductive
Question 311: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Graphite is a common solid substance that can conduct electricity.
B. Salt can conduct electricity when it is molten or dissolved.
C. Pure water is much more conductive than most water we encounter every day.
D. Some materials are more conductive than others.
Question 312: Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Electrical Insulators B. Electrical Energy
C. Electrical Conductivity D. Electrical Devices
Most journeys in Britain and the US are made by road. Some of these are made on public
transport but most are by private car.
In Britain many people rely on their cars for daily local activities, e.g. getting to work, doing the
shopping, and visiting friends. People living in urban areas may use buses, trains or, in London,
the Underground, to get to city centres, mainly because traffic is often heavy and it is difficult to
find anywhere to park a car. Some places in the country may have a bus only two or three times
a week so people living there have no choice but to rely on their cars.
In the US large cities have good public transportation systems. The El railroad in Chicago and
the underground systems of New York, Boston, San Francisco and Washington, DC are heavily
used. Elsewhere, most Americans prefer to use their cars. Families often have two cars and,
outside major cities, have to drive fairly long distances to schools, offices, shops, banks, etc.
Many college and even high-school students have their own cars.
Long-distance travel in Britain is also mainly by road, though railways link most towns and cities.
Most places are linked by motorways or other fast roads and many people prefer to drive at
their own convenience rather than use a train, even though they may get stuck in a traffic jam.
Long-distance coach/bus services are usually a cheaper alternative to trains, but they take
longer and may be less comfortable. Some long-distance travel, especially that undertaken for
business reasons, may be by air. There are regular flights between regional airports, as well as
to and from London. A lot of freight is also distributed by road, though heavier items and raw
materials often go by rail.
In the US much long-distance travel is by air. America has two main long-distance bus
companies, Greyhound and Trailways. Amtrak, the national network, provides rail services for
passengers. Private railway companies such as Union Pacific now carry only freight, though in
fact over 70% of freight goes by road.
The main problems associated with road transport in both Britain and the US are traffic
congestion and pollution. It is predicted that the number of cars on British roads will increase by
a third within a few years, making both these problems worse. The British government would
like more people to use public transport, but so far they have had little success in persuading
people to give up their cars or to share rides with neighbours. Most people say that public
transport is simply not good enough. Americans too have resisted government requests to
share cars because it is less convenient and restricts their freedom. Petrol/gasoline is relatively
cheap in the US and outside the major cities public transport is bad, so they see no reason to
use their cars less.
(Extracted from Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press,
2000) Question 313: According to the passage, people in London may prefer the
Underground to their own cars due to .
A. heavy traffic B. cheap tickets C. long distances D. air pollution
Question 314: It is mentioned in paragraph 3 that the public transportation systems in the
US are good in .
A. large cities B. large states C. some states D. all cities
Question 315: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Few college students in the US have their own cars.
B. The underground systems are popular in some major US cities.
C. Most Americans prefer to drive their cars outside large cities.
D. Families in the US often have more than one car.
Question 316: The phrase “at their own convenience” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning
to .
A. at an early time and nearby place B. at the fastest time and nearest
place
C. at the latest time and nearest place D. at an appropriate time and place
Question 317: Which of the following is true about transport in Britain?
A. Trains are usually cheaper than long-distance coach services.
B. There are no regular flights between regional airports.
C. Heavier items and raw materials are often transported by train.
D. Long-distance travel in Britain is only by road.
Question 318: It is stated in the passage that the major problems of road transport in Britain
and the US are .
A. speeding and bad roads B. drink-driving and traffic jams
C. traffic jams and pollution D. accidents and pollution
Question 319: According to the passage, people in Britain refuse public transport because
.
A. they think it is not good enough B. they see no reason to use their cars less
C. petrol is relatively cheap in Britain D. they like to share rides with neighbours
Question 320: The word “they” in the last sentence of the passage can best be replaced by
.
A. major cities B. Americans C. the government D. neighbours
between husband and wife. Young couples will try to arrange their work schedules so that
they work opposite hours or shifts in order that one parent is always home with the children.
Since childcare is expensive, this saves money for the young couple trying to establish
themselves and provide a secure environment for the family. Husband and wife may also
share household chores. Some fathers are just as capable as mothers at cooking dinner,
changing and bathing the baby, and doing the laundry.
In some cases, the woman’s salary is for family (322) and the father
becomes the “househusband." These cases are still fairly rare. One positive trend, however,
is that fathers seem to be spending more time with their children. In a recent survey, 41% of
the children sampled said they spend equal time with their mothers and fathers. “This is one
of our most significant cultural changes,” says Dr. Leon Hoffman, who co-directs the Parent
Child Center at the New York Psychoanalytic Society. In practice, for over 30 years, Hoffman
has found "a very dramatic difference in the involvement of the father in everything from
care-taking to general decision (323) around kids' lives.”
Another factor has recently been added to the childcare formula. The number of
people who work from home nearly full-time rose 23% from the last decade. The (324)
of technology - computers, faxes, teleconferencing - has made it easier for at-
home workers to be constantly in touch.
Question 321: A. abilities B. possibilities C. techniques D. esponsibilities
Question 322: A. payment B. expenses C. fares D. fees
If parents bring up a child with the sole aim of turning the child into a genius, they will cause
a disaster. According to several leading educational psychologists, this is one of the biggest
mistakes which ambitious parents make. Generally, the child will be only too aware of what
his parents expect, and will fail. Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great damage to
children.
However, if parents are not too unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but
are ambitious in a sensible way, the child may succeed in doing very well — especially if the
parents are very supportive of their child. Michael Collins is very lucky. He is crazy about
music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and arranging private piano
and violin lessons for him. They even drive him 50 kilometers twice a week for violin lessons.
Michael's mother knows very little about music, but his father plays the trumpet in a large
orchestra. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
Winston Smith, Michael's friend, however, is not so lucky. Both his parents are successful
musicians, and they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as
successful as they are and so they enter him for every piano competition held. They are very
unhappy when he does not win. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents
and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.
Question 326: One of the serious mistakes parents can make is to .
A. push their child into trying too much B. help their child to become a genius
C. make their child become a musician D. neglect their child's education
Question 327: Parents' ambition for their children is not wrong if they .
A. force their children into achieving success B. themselves have been very successful
C. understand and help their children sensibly D. arrange private lessons for their
children
Question 328: Who have criticized the methods of some ambitious parents?
A. Successful musicians. B. Unrealistic parents.
C. Their children. D. Educational psychologists
Question 329: Michael Collins is fortunate in that .
A. his father is a musician B. his parents are quite rich
C. his mother knows little about music D. his parents help him in a sensible way
Question 330: The phrase "crazy about" in the passage mostly means .
A. "surprised at" B. "extremely interested in"
C. "completely unaware of" D. "confused about"
Question 331: The word "They" in the passage refers to .
A. concerts B. violin lessons C. parents in general D. Winston’s parents
Question 332: The two examples given in the passage illustrate the principle that .
A. Successful parents always have intelligent children.
B. Successful parents often have unsuccessful children.
C. Parents should let the child develop in the way he wants.
D. Parents should spend more money on the child’s education.
In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other
benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and
provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established
settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce
to the West, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts
like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the natural highways toward
new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony express; still others, such as Fort
Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest
that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended
beyond patrol duty.
Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the
development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms, and
some – for example, Fort Davis had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious
services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and
boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses,
gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity
of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by
assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.
Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the
conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and
architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease
ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited
their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports
of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed
observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the
occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military
surgeons.
Question 333: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the
passage?
A. By the nineteenth century, forts were no longer used by the military.
B. Surgeons at forts could not prevent outbreaks of disease.
C. Forts were important to the development of the American West.
D. Life in nineteenth-century forts was very rough.
Question 334: Which of the following would a traveler be LEAST likely to obtain at Fort
Laramie?
A. Fresh water B. Food C. Formal clothing D. Lodging
Question 335: The word “boosted” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. influenced B. established C. raised D. maintained
Question 336: Which of the following is the most likely inference about the decision to
promote gardening at forts?
A. It was expensive to import produce from far away.
B. Food brought in from outside was often spoiled
C. Gardening was a way to occupy otherwise idle soldiers.
D. The soil near the forts was very fertile.
Question 337: According to the passage, which of the following posed the biggest obstacle
to the development of military forts?
A. Insufficient shelter B. Shortage of materials
C. Attacks by wild animals D. Illness
Question 338: The word “inhibited” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .
A. involved B. exploited C. united D. hindered
Question 339: How did the military assist in the investigation of health problems?
A. By registering annual birth and death rates
B. By experiments with different building materials
C. By maintaining records of diseases and potential causes
D. By monitoring the soldiers’ diets
Question 340: The author organizes the discussion of forts by .
A. describing their locations B. comparing their sizes
C. explaining their damage to the environment D. listing
their contributions to western life
Rural America is diverse in many ways. As we have seen, no one industry dominates
the rural economy, no single pattern of population decline or (341) exists for all
rural areas, and no statement about improvements and gaps in well-being holds true for all
rural people.
Many of these differences are regional in nature. That is, rural areas within a
particular geographic region of the country often tend to be similar (342) each other
and different from areas in another region. Some industries, for example, are (343)
with different regions – logging and sawmills in the Pacific Northwest and New England,
manufacturing in the Southeast and Midwest, and farming in the Great Plains. Persistent
poverty also has a regional pattern, concentrated primarily in the Southeast. Other
differences follow no regional pattern. Areas that rely heavily on the services industry are
located throughout rural America, as are rural areas that have little access to advanced
telecommunications services. Many of these differences, regional and non-regional, are the
result of a (344) of factors including the availability of natural resources; distance
from and access to major metropolitan areas and the information and services found there;
transportation and shipping facilities; political history and structure; and the racial, ethnic,
and (345) makeup of the population.
Adapted from “Understanding Rural America”, InfoUSA
Question 341: A. grow B. growth C. growing D. grown
In my experience, freshmen today are different from those I knew when I started as a
counselor and professor 25 years ago. College has always been demanding both
academically and socially. But students now are less mature and often not ready for the
responsibility of being in college.
It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s
obstacles. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their
children from writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute
to their children’s lack of coping strategies. But we can look even more broadly to the social
trends of today.
How many people do you know who are on medication to prevent anxiety or
depression? The number of students who arrive at college already medicated for unwanted
emotions has increased dramatically in the past 10 years. We, as a society, don’t want to
“feel” anything unpleasant and we certainly don’t want our children to “suffer”.
The resulting problem is that by not experiencing negative emotions, one does not
learn the necessary skills to tolerate and negotiate adversity. As a psychologist, I am well
aware of the fact that some individuals suffer from depression and anxiety and can benefit
from treatment, but I question the growing number of medicated adolescents today.
Our world is more stressful in general because of the current economic and political
realities, but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that
of the past 10 years. What I do think is that many students are often not prepared to be
young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life. What does this mean for college faculty and
staff? We are required to assist in the basic parenting of these students - the student who
complains that her professor didn’t remind her of the due date for an assignment that was
clearly listed on the syllabus and the student who cheats on an assignment in spite of careful
instructions about plagiarism.
As college professors, we have to explain what it means to be an independent
college student before we can even begin to teach. As parents and teachers we should
expect young people to meet challenges. To encourage them in this direction, we have to
step back and let them fail and pick themselves up and move forward. This approach needs
to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood.
(Adapted from “Students are different now” by Linda Bips. New York Times, October
11, 2010
Question 346: According to the writer, students’ difficulties to cope with college life are
partly due to .
A. the lack of financial support B. the over-parenting from parents
C. the absence of parents' protection D. the lack of parental support
Question 347: The phrase "on medication" in paragraph 3 is similar in meaning to
A. receiving medical treatment B. suffering anxiety or depression
C. doing medical research D. studying medicine at college
Question 348: Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. The college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.
B. Our world is more stressful because of the current economic and political situation.
C. College faculty and staff are required to help in the parenting of problematic students.
D. Our society certainly doesn't want our children to experience unpleasant things.
Question 349: The word "them" in the last paragraph refers to .
A. college professors B. young people C. teachers D. parents
Question 350: Students who are not well-prepared to be young “adults” with all the
responsibilities of life will need .
A. to be assigned more housework from adults
B. to be given more social responsibilities
C. to be encouraged to meet challenges
D. daily coaching from their teachers
Question 351: According to the writer, failure in life and less support from parents will
.
A. defeat students from the very beginning
B. help students to learn to stand on their own feet
C. discourage students and let them down forever
D. allow students to learn the first lesson in their lives
Question 352: What is probably the writer's attitude in the passage?
A. Indifferent B. Praising C. Critical D. Humorous
Most of us know a little about how babies learn to talk. From the time infants are
born, they hear language because their parents talk to them all the time. Between the ages
of seven and ten months, most infants begin to make sounds. They repeat the same sounds
over and over again. This is called babbling. When babies babble, they are practicing their
language.
What happens, though, to children who cannot hear? How do deaf children learn to
communicate? Recently, doctors have learned that deaf babies babble with their hands.
Laura Ann Petitto, a psychologist, observed three hearing infants with English-speaking
parents and two deaf infants with deaf parents using American Sign Language (ASL) to
communicate. Dr. Petitto studied the babies three times: at 10, 12, and 14 months. During
this time, children really begin to develop their language skills.
After watching and videotaping the children for several hundred hours, the
psychologist and her assistants made many important observations. For example, they saw
that the hearing children made varied motions with their hands. However, there appeared to
be no pattern to these motions. The deaf babies also made different movements with their
hands, but these movements were more consistent and deliberate. The deaf babies seemed
to make the same hand movements over and over again. During the four-month period, the
deaf babies' hand motions started to resemble some basic hand-shapes used in ASL. The
children also seemed to prefer certain hand-shapes.
Hearing infants start first with simple syllable babbling, then put more syllables
together to sound like real sentences and questions. Apparently, deaf babies follow this
same pattern, too. First, they repeat simple hand- shapes. Next, they form some simple
hand signs and use these movements together to resemble ASL sentences.
Linguists believe that our ability for language is innate. In other words, humans are
born with the capacity for language: It does not matter if we are physically able to speak or
not. Language can be expressed in different ways - for instance, by speech or by sign. Dr.
Petitto believes this theory and wants to prove it. She plans to study hearing children who
have one deaf parent and one hearing parent. She wants to see what happens when babies
have the opportunity to learn both sign language and speech. Does the human brain prefer
speech? Some of these studies of hearing babies who have one deaf parent and one
hearing parent show that the babies babble equally with their hands and their voices. They
also produce their first words, both spoken and signed, at about the same time. More studies
in the future may prove that the sign system of the deaf is the physical equivalent of speech.
Adapted from “Issues for Today” by Lorraine C. Smith and Nancy Nici Mare
Question 353: According to paragraph 1, babies begin to babble .
A. at their first moment after birth
B. at their first experience of language
C. when they are more than 6 months old
D. when they first hear their parents talk to them
Question 354: The phrase “the babies” in paragraph 2 refers to in the study.
A. the hearing infants B. the deaf infants
C. the hearing and deaf infants D. the disabled infants
Question 355: The writer mentions “American Sign Language (ASL)” in paragraph 2 as a
language
A. used by the deaf to communicate B. especially formed by infants
C. used among psychologists D. widely used by American children
Question 356: The word “resemble” in paragraph 3 refers to .
A. making initial movements B. studying funny movements
C. creating strange movements D. producing similar movements
Question 357: It is stated in paragraph 3 that both the deaf and the hearing children made
movements with their hands, but .
A. only the hearing children made different movements
B. the deaf children made less consistent hand movements
C. the hearing children only repeated the same hand motions
D. only the deaf children repeated the same hand motions
Question 358: According to paragraph 4, hearing infants learn to talk first by .
A. hand-shapes B. babbling C. hand motions D. eye movements
Question 359: It is mentioned in the last paragraph that Dr. Petitto plans to study
.
A. what happens when babies have the opportunity to learn both speech and sign
language B. whether all children speak and make motions with their hands
at the same time
C. the assumption that the human brain prefers sign language to speech
D. whether the sign system of the deaf is the physical equivalent of speech
Question 360: Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Education for Deaf Children B. How do Children Master Language?
C. Language: Is It Always Spoken? D. American Sign Language
In the United States and Canada, it is very important to (361) a person directly in the
eyes when you are having a conversation with him or her. If you look down or to the side
when the (362) person is talking, that person will think that you are not interested in
what he or she is saying. This, of course, is not polite. If you look down or to the side when
you are talking, it might (363) that you are not honest. However, people who are
speaking will sometimes look away for (364) seconds when they are thinking or
trying to find the right word. But they always turn immediately back to look the listener
directly in the eyes. These social "rules" are (365) for two men, two women, a man
and a woman, or an adult and a child.
Question 361: A. talk B. notice C. get D. look
On a winter night last June, José Antonio Tuki, a 30-year-old artist on Easter Island, sat on
Anakena beach and stared at the enormous human statues there – the moai. The statues
are from four feet tall to 33 feet tall. Some weigh more than 80 tons. They were carved a
long time ago, with stone tools, and then they were
moved up to 11 miles to the beach. Tuki stares at their faces and he feels a connection.
‘This is something that was produced by my ancestors’, he says. ‘How did they do it?’
The first Polynesians arrived at Rapa Nui (Easter Island), probably by canoe, hundreds of
years ago. The island is 2,150 miles west of South America and 1,300 miles east of its
nearest inhabited neighbour, Pitcairn. Nowadays 12 flights arrive every week from Chile,
Peru and Tahiti. In 2011, 50,000 tourists – ten times the
island’s population – flew to Easter Island. Almost all of the jobs on Easter Island depend on
tourism. And the tourists go there for only one thing: the moai. People around the world
became curious about the statues after the Norwegian adventurer Thor Heyerdahl made
Easter Island famous, and there are different theories about how the statues were moved to
the beach. Many researchers think the statues were pulled along the ground using ropes
and wood. Pulitzer Prize winner Jared Diamond has suggested that many people were
needed to build and move the
moai. As a result, the island’s trees were cut down for wood and to create farming land. This
open land was
fragile and it was soon eroded by the strong winds, so it was very difficult to grow food. The
situation was an early example of an ecological disaster, according to Diamond. On the
other hand, archaeologists Terry Hunt of the University of Hawaii and Carl Lipo of California
State
University Long Beach have a more positive view of the island’s history. They suggest that
the inhabitants actually pioneered a type of sustainable farming – they built thousands of
circular stone walls, called manavai, and grew food inside them. And their theory about how
the moai were moved is that they were ‘walked’ along using a system of only ropes and a
few people.
As José Tuki contemplates these enormous statues, he doesn’t mind that there are no
definite answers about the history of his island. ‘I want to know the truth,’ he says, ‘but
maybe knowing everything would take its power away’.
Question 372: The Easter Island statues .
A. are new constructions to attract tourists.
B. aren’t completely understood by archaeologists
C. were destroyed by the islanders.
D. were made by José Antonio Tuki.
Question 373: On Easter Island today, the statues .
A. are very important for the island’s economy.
B. have lost their significance.
C. are abandoned.
D. are regarded as a problem.
Question 374: The people of Easter Island today .
A. are isolated from the modern world.
B. are often unemployed.
C. are very rich.
D. depend on foreign visitors.
Question 375: Studying the moai .
A. can tell us about the people who lived on the island.
B. is important to the farmers on Easter Island.
C. helps us to understand the art of José Tuki.
D. is not important to the people on Easter Island.
Question 376: The moai .
A. are statues of animals. B. are all the same size.
C. were made by José Tuki‟s ancestors. D. are small human statues.
Question 377: Jared Diamond thinks that .
A. the forest resources on Easter Island were poor.
B. there were never any forests on Easter Island.
C. the people on Easter Island used to be very poor.
D. it became difficult to grow food after the forests were cut down.
Question 378: Hunt and Lipo‟s theory about the movement of the statues involves using
.
A. wood and stone. B. ropes and people. C. wood and ropes. D. ropes and stone.
Question 379: The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .
A. easily broken B. firm C. hard D. dry
Question 380: The story of the moai can teach us lessons about .
A. our interaction with the environment. B. the role of art in society.
C. island communities. D. ecological disasters
Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is (381) complicated
as it is serious. It is complicated because much pollution is caused by things that benefit
people.(382) , exhaust from automobiles causes a large percentage of air pollution.
But the automobile provides transportation for millions of people.
Factories discharge much (383) the material that pollutes the air and water, but
factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to end or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many
things that benefit them. Most of the people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution
can be (384) reduced in several ways.
Scientists and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the amount of pollution that such
things as automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce laws that
(385) businesses and traffic to stop, or to cut down on certain polluting activities.
Question 381: A. as B. more C. less D. like
Sylvia Earle is one of the world's most famous marine scientists and a National Geographic
Explorer-inResidence. She loves to go diving in the ocean. She has spent a lot of her life
both in and under the waves. Earle has led more than a hundred expeditions and she set a
record for solo diving in 1,000-metre deep water. In total, she has spent more than 7,000
hours underwater.
Earle describes the first time she went to the ocean: ‘I was three years old and I got knocked
over by a wave. The ocean certainly got my attention! It wasn’t frightening, it was thrilling.
And since then I have been fascinated by life in the ocean.’
In the past, Earle was the chief scientist of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration in the USA. Now one of her jobs is with Google Earth’s Ocean. Earle’s special
focus is on developing a global network of areas on the land and in the ocean. This network
will protect and support the living systems that are important to the planet. She explains why
this is important: ‘When I first went to the Gulf of Mexico in the 1950s, the sea looked like a
blue infinity. It seemed to be too large and too wild to be damaged by the action of people.
Then, in a few decades, not thousands of years, the blue wilderness of my childhood
disappeared. By the end of the 20th century, about 90 percent of the sharks, tuna, turtles,
whales and many other large creatures had disappeared from the Gulf. They had been there
for millions of years.’
Some people don’t understand why the ocean is so important to life on Earth. Earle explains
that ‘the ocean is the foundation of our life support system. The ocean is alive. The living
things in the ocean generate oxygen and take up carbon. If we don‟t have the ocean, we
don’t have a planet that works.’
The Gulf of Mexico has had many problems, especially after the Deepwater Horizon Oil
disaster of 2010, but Earle says, ‘In 2003 I found positive signs in clear, deep water far from
the mouth of the Mississippi River. It was full of life. Large areas of the Gulf are not
damaged. Protecting the most important places will be good for the future of the Gulf and for
all of us’
Question 386: Sylvia Earle is a scientist who .
A. has done some unconventional things in her professional life.
B. has followed the traditional path of women in science.
C. has identified many new species of marine plants and animals.
D. currently works with the American government.
Question 387: Which of the statements about Sylvia Earle is NOT true?
A. She’s an experienced expedition leader.
B. She holds a record for the longest time under water.
C. She does one of her favorite activities in her work.
D. The work that she is currently doing is based all over the world.
Question 388: What started Earle’s interest in the ocean?
A. a National Geographic explorer B. a childhood experience
C. her love of diving D. her fear of the waves
Question 389: The word “thrilling” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. exciting and enjoyable B. tiring
C. horrible D. scary
Question 390: What percentage of animal life had disappeared from the Gulf of Mexico by
the year 2000?
A. 20 percent B. 50 percent C. 90 percent D. 70 percent
Question 391: How does the article illustrate specific problems in the marine environment?
A. by describing the situation in the Gulf of Mexico
B. through a history of Earle’s work in different organisations
C. by giving details of what Earle plans to do
D. by giving examples of the problem in various
Question 392: Which of these statements describes one of the main points of the article?
A. The marine environment is a key part of all life on Earth.
B. The oceans provide us with unlimited resources.
C. The sea is one of the most exciting places for science at the moment.
D. It is impossible to protect marine areas.
The city of Detroit, in the USA, was once compared to Paris. It had a broad river, smart
streets and historically important architecture. Then, in the 20th century, it became ‘Motor
City’. For a time, most of the world’s cars were made here. There was regular work and a
good salary in the motor industry. A worker at one of the car factories could own a home,
plus a boat, maybe even a holiday cottage. Some say America’s middle class was born in
Detroit – new highways certainly made it easy for workers to move from the city centre to the
suburbs in the 1950s. But in the early years of the 21st century, Detroit became America’s
poorest big city.
In less than five decades the once lively Motor City lost more than half its population. It
became known as a city that was failing, full of ruined buildings, extensive poverty and
crime. Newspapers and magazines told stories of derelict homes and empty streets.
Photographers went to Detroit to record the strange beauty of buildings and city blocks
where nature was taking over again. What went wrong in Detroit?
The city is now 69th among US cities for the number of people per square mile. The
population fell for several reasons. Partly, it was because people moved to the suburbs in
the 1950s. Then there were the shocking riots in 1967, which scared more people away from
the city. Then there was the dramatic fall in car manufacture as companies like General
Motors and Chrysler faced huge difficulties. And finally, in 2008, came the global financial
crisis. Many of Detroit’s people are poor – half of the city’s families live on less than 25,000
dollars a year.
In 2013, the city did something unusual: it declared itself bankrupt. It was the largest city
bankruptcy in US history, at approximately 18-20 billion dollars. Now that the city is free of
debt, it has money to do some of what needs to be done. It has replaced about 40,000
streetlights so that places feel safer. The police arrive in answer to calls in less than 20
minutes now, instead of the hour it used to take. And about a hundred empty houses are
demolished each week to make space for new buildings. With the nation’s biggest city
bankruptcy behind it, Detroit is also attracting investors and young adventurers. The New
Economy Initiative gave grants of 10,000 dollars to each of 30 new small businesses. It
seems that every week a new business opens in Detroit – grocery stores, juice bars, coffee
shops, even bicycle makers. Finally, the city is working again.
Question 393: The city of Detroit .
A. has experienced many changes.
B. is like European city in many ways.
C. it’s one of the richest places in the USA.
D. is not able to recover from its past problems.
Question 394: What was Detroit known as at the start of the 21st century?
A. the Paris of America B. Motor City
C. the poorest city in America D. the richest city in the world
Question 395: According to the second paragraph, what interested journalists in Detroit?
A. the empty places B. the number of poor people
C. problems of old people D. small buildings
Question 396: The word “ruined” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A. be in bad condition B. be in good condition
C. be in dry condition D. be in humid condition
Question 397: How many reasons are given for people leaving Detroit?
A. three B. four C. five D. six
Question 398: Bankruptcy meant that .
A. $20 billion was given back to Detroit. B. Detroit could start again.
C. Everything was free in Detroit. D. Detroit was heavily in debt.
Question 399: Which statement is true?
A. 30 businesses received money to help them develop.
B. About 30 businesses open every week now in Detroit.
C. There have been 30 new business ideas in Detroit.
D. $30 thousand was given to each of the new small business.
Question 400: Detroit .
A. is having more problems than ever before.
B. seems to have a better future ahead.
C. will have to suffer more before things improve.
D. can never be better.
KEY
Question 1: Đáp án C
Giáo dục tại nhà rõ ràng rất thành công. Nhiều người vẫn tin vào những lợi ích của giáo dục
truyền thống. Liên từ và giới từ
Although + Mệnh đề = In spite of + danh từ/ cụm danh từ/ Ving: Mặc dù
Question 2: Đáp án B
Chase : theo đuổi = pursue a career
Track: lần theo dấu vết [ track a plane]; track the career of sb: theo dõi sự phát triển nghề
nghiệp của ai đó. Hunt = search: săn tìm [ hunt for a job, a criminal, an animal,…]
Follow: tuân theo, nghe theo [ advice, situation,…]
Teaching English as a foreign language can be a great way to travel around the world and
earn money at the same time. However, some graduates actually like the idea of
(31) a career in teaching English,
=> Dạy tiếng Anh như một ngoại ngữ có thể là một cách rất tuyệt để đi du lịch vòng quanh
thế giới đồng thời kiếm tiền. Tuy nhiên, một số cử nhân thật sự thích ý tưởng theo đuổi một
sự nghiệp dạy tiếng Anh
Question 32: Đáp án A
Levels: cấp độ
Categories: loại, hạng mục
Groups: nhóm
Classes: lớp học/ tầng lớp
…and there are numerous courses at various (32) , from the basic certificates to
the diploma or even the master’s. => Và có nhiều khóa học ở những cấp độ khác nhau, từ
những chứng chỉ cơ bản cho đến bằng cấp hay thậm chí là bằng cấp chuyên nghiệp
Question 3: Đáp án B
A. Ý kiến
B. Đề xuất/ đề nghị
C. Lời khuyên
D. Ý tưởng
To find the right course, a good place to start is TEFL.com – an Internet site with lots of
relevant information and helpful (33) including a full list of places in the UL offering
courses.=> Để tìm kiếm khóa học phù hợp, một địa chỉ tốt để khởi đầu là TEFL.com – một
trang web điện tử với nhiều thông tin liên quan và những đề xuất bổ ích bao gồm danh sách
của những nơi đang mở khóa học tại Anh
Question 4: Đáp án D
Assistance in doing sth / to do sth: hỗ trợ làm việc gì đó
The site also offers assistance to qualified graduates (34) finding work. => Trang
web cũng hỗ trợ cung cấp thông tin những cử nhân giỏi trong việc tìm kiếm việc làm
Question 5: Đáp án D
Function: chức năng
Use: công dụng/ việc sử dụng
Aim : mục tiêu
Purpose: mục đích
Achieve the aim/ with the aim of For the purpose of
When deciding on a course, the best thing to do is to look at what your needs are. If you
want a career in teaching English, then definitely find one designed for that (35) ,
such as an MA or diploma; but if you want to travel around the world, then do a shorter
course that will supply you with teaching skills. => Khi quyết định tham gia một khóa học,
điều tốt nhất nên làm là xem bạn cần gì. Nếu bạn muốn công việc giảng dạy tiếng Anh, sau
đó chắc tìm khóa học được tạo ra vì mục đích đó, chẳng hạn như thạc sỹ hay bằng cấp nào
đó; nhưng nếu bạn muốn du lịch vòng quanh thế giới, hãy tham gia khóa học ngắn hơn cái
mà sẽ cung cấp cho bạn những kỹ năng giảng dạy.
Question 6: Đáp án D
Theo bài đọc, cách đây 10000 năm …………………..
A. Sư tử không sống trong những khu rừng nhỏ
B. Sư tử chủ yếu đến từ Châu Phi
C. Sư tử gầm thét nhiều hơn ngày nay
D. Có môi trường sống cho sư tử hơn ngày nay
Dẫn chứng: Most people think that lions only come from Africa. This is understandable
because in fact most lions do come from there but this has not always been the case. If we
went back ten thousand years. we would find that there were lions roaming vast sections of
the globe. However no, unfortunately only a very small section of the lion’s former habitat
remains
Question 7: Đáp án C
Cụm từ “ split off” ở đoạn văn thứ 2 gần nghĩa với
A. Động vật có đốm
B. Phân chia
C. Phát triển thành nhiều loài khác nhau
D. Thay đổi giống loài ban đầu
Dẫn chứng: Asiatic lions are sub-species of African lions. It is almost a hundred thousand
years since the Asiatic lions split off and developed as a sub-species
Question 8: Đáp án A
Từ “ vulnerable” ở đoạn văn 4 gần nghĩa với….
A. Yếu ớt
B. Bất cẩn
C. Cẩn trọng
D. Dễ được bảo vệ
Vulnerable to sb/ sth = weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally: dễ bị tổn thương về
thể chất và tinh thấn.
Question 9: Đáp án B
Sư tử Á châu……………….
A. Tìm kiếm thức ăn chủ yếu ở Trung Đông.
B. Tìm kiếm thức ăn ở phạm vi rộng khắp các nước.
C. Tìm kiếm thức ăn chủ yếu ở Ấn Độ và Châu Phi.
D. Tìm kiếm thức ăn chủ yếu ở Ấn Độ
Dẫn chứng: . At one time the Asiatic lion was living as far west as Greece and they were
found from there, but in a band that spreads east through various countries of the Middle
East, all the way to India. In museums now, you can see Greek coins that have clear images
of the Asiatic lion on them. Most of them are dated at around 500 B.C. However, Europe saw
its last Asiatic lions roaming free to thousand years ago. Over the next nineteen hundred
years the numbers of Asiatic lions in the other areas declined steadily, but it was only in the
nineteenth century that they disappeared from everywhere but in India
Question 10: Đáp án B
Theo tác giả, Khu bảo tồn động vật hoang dã Gir……………
A. Bảo vệ sư tử Á châu khỏi săn bắt và bệnh tật
B. Không thể làm giảm nguy cơ mắc bệnh của sư tử Á châu.
C. Có thể làm sư tử Á châu trở nên yếu ớt.
D. Là một trong những nơi sư tử Á châu được bảo vệ rất tốt.
Dẫn chứng: The Gir Wildlife Sanctuary in India was established especially to protect the
Asiatic lion. There are now around three hundred Asiatic lions in India and almost all of them
are in this sanctuary. However, despite living in a sanctuary, which makes them safe from
hunters, they still face a number of problems that threaten their survival. One of these is the
ever-present danger of disease. This is what killed more than a third of Africa’s Serengeti
lions in 1994, and people are fearful that something similar could happen in the Gir
Sanctuary and kill off many of the Asiatic lions there
Question 11: Đáp án A
Tác giả ám chỉ những đặc điểm nào sau đây của sư tử Á châu NGOẠI TRỪ……..
A. Khỏe mạnh
B. Dễ bị tổn thương
C. Rất quan trọng
D. Ấn tượng
Dẫn chứng: India lions are particular vulnerable because they have a limited gene pool.
When you see the Asiatic lion in India, what you sense is enormous vitality. They are very
impressive animals and you would never guess that they have this vulnerability when you
look at them
Question 12: Đáp án D
Bài đọc được viết để……………..
A. Thuyết phục người đọc bảo vệ sư tử Á châu
B. Giải thích tại sao khu bảo tồn Gir là môi trường tốt nhất cho sư tử Á châu.
C. Mô tả lịch sử phát triển của khu bảo tồn Gir.
Cung cấp thông tin khái quát về quá trình tồn tại của sư tử Á châu
Question 13: Đáp án D
Bài đọc nói về……………….
A. Những môn thể thao dưới nước trên thế giới.
B. Môn lướt sóng
C. Những hoạt động du lịch ở Hawaii
D. Những môn thể thao dưới nước ở Hawaii.
Dẫn chứng: If you enjoy water sports, Hawaii is the place for you. You can go swimming all
year round in the warm water. You can go sport fishing from the shore or from a boat. If you
like boats, you can go sailing, canoeing, or windsurfing. Or, you can also try some other
water sports that are especially popular in Hawaii: surfing, snorkeling and scuba diving
Question 14: Đáp án C
Bạn có thể suy ra từ bài đọc rằng………………
A. Những môn thể thao dưới nước đều tốn kém/ đắt tiền
B. Bạn cần tham gia một khóa học cho tất cả những môn thể thao dưới nước.
C. Mọi người đều có thể tìm được cách để thưởng thức những môn thể thap dưới nước.
D. Bơi lội ở Hawaii có thể rất nguy hiểm.
Dẫn chứng: If you enjoy water sports, Hawaii is the place for you. You can go swimming all
year round in the warm water. You can go sport fishing from the shore or from a boat. If you
like boats, you can go sailing, canoeing, or windsurfing. Or, you can also try some other
water sports that are especially popular in Hawaii: surfing, snorkeling and scuba diving
Question 15: Đáp án B
Theo bài đọc, môn lướt ván ……………….
A. Bắt đầu được xem như môn thể thao năm 1943.
B. Được phát minh bởi những người Hawaii.
C. Yêu cầu thiết bị đắt tiền.
D. Rất nguy hiểm.
Dẫn chứng: Surfing is a sport which started in Hawaii many years ago. The Hawaiians called
it “he’e nalu”, which means “ to slide on a wave”
Question 16: Đáp án B
Vùng nước xung quanh đảo Hawaii thì……………
A. Thường khá lạnh
B. Đầy những thứ sặc sỡ để ngắm nhìn
C. Thường rất tối/ đen
D. Đầy những con cá nguy hiểm
Dẫn chứng: The waters off the Hawaiian Islands are clean, clear and warm. They contain
hundreds of kinds of colorful fish. The undersea world is made even more colorful by the
coral reefs of red, gold, white and light purple. Among these reefs there may be larger fish or
sea turtles
Noise is more than a mere nuisance. At certain levels and durations of exposure, it can
cause physical damage to the eardrum, and (31) in temporary or permanent
hearing loss. Tiếng ồn nhiều hơn sự phiền toái. Ở mức độ nhất định và khoảng thời gian
tiếp xúc nó có thể gây ra thiệt hại đến màng nhĩ, và dẫn đến mất thính giác tạm thời hoặc
vĩnh viễn.
Question 42: Đáp án D
In addition to causing hearing loss, (32) noise exposure can also (33)
blood pressure and pulse rate, cause
irritability, anxiety, and mental fatigue, and interfere with sleep, recreation, and personal
communication. Bên cạnh gây mất thính giác, việc tiếp xúc với tiếng ồn quá nhiều cũng có
thể làm tăng huyết áp và nhịp tim, gây ra cáu gắt, lo lắng, mệt mỏi về tinh thần, và gián đoạn
giấc ngủ, sự nghỉ ngơi và giao tiếp cá nhân. Chúng ta có noise exposure là cụm danh từ nên
phía trước đó phải là tính từ => chọn đáp án Question 43: Đáp án C
Enlarge: mở rộng
Maximize: tăng tối đa/ cực đại
Raise: nâng lên
Rise : tăng
In addition to causing hearing loss, (32) noise exposure can also (33)
blood pressure and pulse rate, cause irritability, anxiety, and mental fatigue, and
interfere with sleep, recreation, and personal communication.
Bên cạnh gây mất thính giác, việc tiếp xúc với tiếng ồn quá nhiều cũng có thể làm tăng
huyết áp và nhịp tim, gây ra cáu gắt, lo lắng, mệt mỏi về tinh thần, và gián đoạn giấc ngủ, sự
nghỉ ngơi và giao tiếp cá nhân. Cụm từ raise blood pressure: tăng huyết áp
Question 44: Đáp án B
Noise pollution is, therefore, (34) importance in the workplace and in the
community.
Vì vậy ô nhiễm tiếng ồn ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng ở nơi làm việc và cộng đồng.
Cụm từ be of importance = important : quan trọng
Question 45: Đáp án A
Noise effects can be (35) by a number of techniques, for example, increasing the
distance or blocking the path between the noise source and the recipient, reducing noise
level at the source, and protecting recipients with earplugs or earmuffs.
Những ảnh hưởng của tiếng ồn có thể được giảm thiểu bởi một số phương pháp, ví dụ,
tăng khoảng cách, chặn con đường giữa nguồn gốc gây ra tiếng ồn và người nhận, giảm độ
ồn ở nguồn phát ra, bảo vệ người nhận âm thanh bằng tai nghe
Question 46: Đáp án A
Bài đọc chủ yếu phân tích về cái gì?
A. Những nhân tố rủi ro gây đau tim
B. Những biểu hiện theo thời gian và mùa của bệnh đau tim
C. Tim mạch những năm 1980.
D. Chế độ ăn uống và căng thẳng như là những nhân tố gây đau tim
Question 47: Đáp án D
Trong đoạn 1 từ “ potential” có thể được thay thế bới từ nào?
A. Có hại
B. Chủ yếu
C. Không biết
D. Có thể
As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers
have become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart
attacks.
Bệnh đau tim tiếp tục là sát thủ số 1 ở Mỹ, các nhà nghiên cứu ngày càng quan tâm đến
việc xác định những nhân tố rủi ro có thể dẫn đến đau tim.
Potential = possible : tiềm năng/ có thể
Question 48: Đáp án C
Từ “ trigger” được sử dùng ở đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với từ nào sau đây?
As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers
have become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart
attacks.
Bệnh đau tim tiếp tục là sát thủ số 1 ở Mỹ, các nhà nghiên cứu ngày càng quan tâm đến
việc xác định những nhân tố rủi ro có thể dẫn đến đau tim.
Trigger = cause : gây ra/ dẫn đến
Question 49: Đáp án D
Cụm từ “ susceptial to” ở đoạn 2 có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bởi
A. Ý thức về
B. ảnh hưởng bởi
C. quen biết
D. nhạy cảm với
A higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience
heart failure on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more
susceptible to heart attacks in the first few hours after waking.
Phần trăm cao hơn bệnh tim xảy ra vào thời tiết lạnh, và nhiều người hơn mắc bệnh tim
vào thứ hai nhiều hơn ngày khác trong tuần. Thêm vào đó, con người nhạy cảm hơn với
bệnh tim trong những giờ đầu sau khi đi bộ.
Susceptial to = prone to: nhạy cảm/ dễ mắc phải
Question 50: Đáp án C
Theo bài đọc câu nào sau đây không phải là nguyên nhân gây bệnh tim?
A. Giảm lượng máu chảy vào tim
B. Tăng huyết áp
C. Nhịp tim thấp
D. Bị căng thắng
Though stress is thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors,
=> loại câu D An early-morning rise in blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart
stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the
higher incidence of heart attacks between the hours of 8:00 A.M. and 10:00 A.M. => loại câu
A và B.
Question 51: Đáp án B
Cái nào sau đây không được trích dẫn như là nhân tố có thể gây đau tim?
A. Đến sinh nhật
B. Kết hôn
C. Thức ăn nhiều chất béo
D. Chịu nhiều áp lực In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been
implicated as risk factors.
=> loại A High-fat diets and “life in the fast lane” have long been known to contribute to 5 the
high incidence of heart failure. => loại C Though stress is thought to be linked in some way
to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research continues in the hope of further
comprehending why and how heart failure is triggered.=>loại D
Question 52: Đáp án D
Bài đọc ngụ ý rằng:
A. Bây giờ chúng ta đã hiểu đầy đủ về những nhân tố gây bệnh tim như thế nào.
B. Gần đây chúng ta bắt đầu nghiên cứu những nhân tố gấy ra bệnh tim như thế nào.
C. Chúng ta không xác định được nhiều nhân tố gây bệnh tim.
D. Chúng ta không hiểu đầy đủ những nhân tố gây ra bệnh tim như thế nào.
Question 53: Đáp án B
Ý chính của đoạn văn đầu tiên là gì?
A. Những dấu hiệu lão hóa dễ phát hiện ở động vật hơn thực vật.
B. Sự lão hóa xảy ra với mọi sinh vật sau khi trưởng thành.
C. Không phải tất cả mọi dấu hiệu lão hóa đều có thể nhìn thấy.
D. Những dấu hiệu bên ngoài của lão hóa có thể nhìn thấy ở người già.
Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of
course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely. The most familiar outward
signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of
the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline
in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs
are much harder to detect.
Lão hóa là quá trình già đi. Nó xảy ra cuối cùng ở mọi sinh vật sống, dĩ niên nếu bệnh tật và
tai nạn không giết chết nó mãi mãi. Dấu hiệu bên ngoài dễ thấy nhất của sựu lão hóa có thể
nhìn thấy ở người già, chẳng hạn như tóc bạc da nhăn. Những dấu hiệu của chó hoặc mèo
là không còn năng động và sức lực nữa, giảm thị giác và thính giác, thậm chí là lông bạc đi.
Cây cối cũng thế, nhưng dấu hiệu khó phát hiện hơn
Question 54: Đáp án B
Từ “it” ở đoạn văn 1 ám chỉ cái gì?
A. Sự lão hóa
B. Sinh vật sống
C. Một căn bệnh
D. Một tai nạn
Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of
course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely.
Lão hóa là quá trình già đi. Nó xảy ra cuối cùng ở mọi sinh vật sống, dĩ niên nếu bệnh tật và
tai nạn không giết chết nó mãi mãi.
Question 55: Đáp án A
Khi nào cơ thể con người bắt đầu mất đi sức mạnh và khả năng hoạt động hiệu quả?
The brain, for example, works less efficiently, and even gets smaller in size. Thinking
processes of all sorts are slowed down. Old people often have trouble in remembering
recent events.
Ví dụ não làm việc kém hiệu quả hơn và thậm chí teo nhỏ lại. Quá trình suy nghĩ cũng bị
chậm lại. Người già thường có vần đề nhớ những sự kiện gần nhất.
Question 57: Đáp án C
Từ brittle ở đoạn văn số 2 có nghĩa là
One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that
lead from the heart. They become thickened and constricted, allowing less blood to flow to
the rest of body. This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of
the aged. It may, for example, result in heart attack.
Một trong những thay đổi nghiêm trọng nhất của tuổi già xảy ra ở động mạch, mạch máu bắt
nguồn từ tim. Chúng trở nên dày và co lại, cho phép ít máu hơn chảy đến các bộ phận khác
của cơ thể. Tình trạng này gây ra trực tiếp hoặc gián tiếp nhiều căn bệnh của tuổi già. Ví dụ
có thể là bệnh tim.
Question 59: Đáp án C
Theo bài đọc câu nào sau đây không đúng?
A. Tất cả sự sống đều già đi.
B. Lão hóa là quá trình không thể tránh khỏi của bất cứ sinh vật sống nào.
C. Thực vật thể hiện ít dấu hiệu lão hóa hơn các sinh vật sống khác.
D. Hầu hết các bộ phận cơ thể hao mòn đi trong các giai đoạn của cuộc
đời. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect.
Thực vật cũng lão hóa đi nhưng dấu hiệu khó phát hiện hơn.
Question 60: Đáp án B
Nội dung chính của đoạn văn cuối là gì?
A. Các nhà lão khoa đã kiểm soát được quá trình lão hóa.
B. Các nhà lão khoa đang làm việc cật lực để giúp mọi người sống thọ hơn và khỏe mạnh
hơn.
C. Các nhà lão khoa đang cố gắng cho con người một cuộc sống bất từ.
D. Các nhà lão khoa bây giờ có thể làm chậm quá trình lão hóa đi.
Gerontologists - scientists who study the process of aging-believe this wearing out of the
body is controlled by a built-in biological time-clock. They are trying to discover how this
clock works so that they can slow down the process. This could give man a longer life and a
great number of productive years. [ Các nhà lão khoa- những nhà khoa học nghiên cứu về
quá trình lão hóa tin rằng hiện tượng xuống cấp cơ thể được kiểm soát bởi đồng hồ sinh
học. Họ cố gắng khám phá ra đồng hồ này hoạt động như thế nào để có thể làm chậm quá
trình này đi. Việc này có thể giúp con người sống thọ hơn và hoạt động năng suất cao]
Travel: đi lại
Lean: nghiêng
Stretch: trải dài
Pull: kéo
Imagine driving along a bridge that is so long that you can't even see the other end. The
Oresund Bridge, one of the longest bridges in the world, (31) so far ahead into the
distance that you can't even tell where the blue of the water (32) the blue of the
sky. [Hãy tưởng tượng việc lái xe dọc cây cầu quá dài đến nỗi mà không thấy được tận
cùng. Cầu Oresund, một trong những cây câu dài nhất thế giới, trải dài về phía trước rất xa
đến nỗi mà bạn thậm chí không thể biết đâu là màu xanh của nước. màu xanh của trời.]
Question 62: Đáp án B
Come: đến
Meet: gặp nhau
Line: kẻ dòng
Start: bắt đầu
that you can't even tell where the blue of the water (32) the blue of the sky. [ bạn
thậm chí không thể biết màu xanh của nước và mà xanh của trời giao nhau ở đâu]
Question 63: Đáp án D
The Oresund Bridge is an amazing example of modern engineering design that links the
Scandinavian countries of Denmark and Sweden. It is 8 kilometers long and was (33)
in July 2000. [ Cầu Oresund là một ví dụ kinh ngạc của thiết kế kiến trúc hiện đại
cái mà kết nối những nước Bắc Âu của Đan Mạch và Thụy Sĩ. Nó dài 8 km và được hoàn
thành vào tháng 7 năm 2000. ]
Question 64: Đáp án D
Split: to divide into two or more parts [split the profits, split the class into groups] : chia nhỏ ra
cut: cut the apple in half, reduce [cut costs]: cắt
separate: to be between two people, areas, countries, etc. so that they are not touching or
connected: chia cắt, chia tách
breaking: vỡ vụn, tan vỡ
It crosses the Flinte Channel, the chilly waterway (34) the two countries. [ Nó đi
qua kênh đào Flinte, dòng nước lạnh lẽo chia cắt hai đất nước]
Question 65: Đáp án A
Help + to Vo/ Vo: giúp đỡ, hỗ trợ
Aid: trợ giúp
Attemp: nỗ lực
Try: cố gắng/ thử
At one stage the bridge turns into a tunnel under the sea. This tunnel is also is also a record
breaker in its own right as it is the longest road and rail tunnel in the world. The engineers
built an artificial island near the Danish coast that (35) support part of the bridge
structure, as well as being the point at which the road disappears underground, before
coming out in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. [Có một đoạn cầu xoay về một đường
hầm đươi biển. Đường hầm này cũng đã phá kỷ lục là con đường dài nhất và tuyến đường
hầm dài nhất trên thế giới. Các kỹ sư đã xây dựng một hòn đảo nhân tạo gần vùng duyên
hải Đan Mạch cái mà giúp hỗ trợ phần kết cấu cầu, cũng như điểm mà con đường biến mất
trên mặt đất, trước khi xuất hiện ở Copenhagen, thủ đô của Đan Mạch]
Question 66: Đáp án B
Nội dung chính của bài đọc là gì?
A.Mickey Mantle là người chơi bóng chày xuất sắc nhất mọi thời đại
B. Thành công của Mickey Mantle và đời tư của ông đầy những rắc rối.
C. Mickey Mantle và sự nghiệp của ông như một vận động viên bóng chày.
D. Mickey Mantle và lịch sử bóng chày.
Question 67: Đáp án C
Theo bài đọc, Mantel có thể
A. đập bóng để ghi điểm từ khoảng cách xa.
B. đập bóng bắng tay trái tốt hơn tay phải.
C. đập bóng bằng vợt một trong hai bên ( bên phải và bên trái đều tốt như nhau).
D. đấm bóng mạnh nhất trong đội.
Dẫn chứng: (2) Mantle was a fast and powerful player, a “switch-hitter” who could bat both
right-handed and left-handed. He won game after game, one World Series championship
after another, for his team. He was a wonderful athlete, but this alone cannot explain
America’s fascination with him.
Question 68: Đáp án B
Từ “this” được dùng ở đoạn văn số 2 ám chỉ điều gì?
A.Mantle là một cầu thủ mạnh và nhanh.
B. Mantle là một vận động viên tuyệt vời.
C. Mantle được nhiều người yêu thích.
D. Mantle là một người có thể đánh bóng cả bên tay trái và tay phải.
Dẫn chứng: Mantle was a fast and powerful player, a “switch-hitter” who could bat both right-
handed and left-handed. He won game after game, one World Series championship after
another, for his team. He was a wonderful athlete, but this alone cannot explain America’s
fascination with him.
Question 69: Đáp án A
Tác giả dùng từ “but” ở đoạn văn 4 để....
A. thay đổi chủ đề của bài đọc.
B. đưa ra tranh luận ủng hộ cho thành công và danh tiếng của Mantle.
C. giải thích Mantel đã gặp rắc rối như thế nào.
D. nêu ví dụ về vấn đề đời tư của Mantle.
Question 70: Đáp án D
Từ “ accelerated” in paragraph 5 gần nghĩa với...
Dẫn chứng: It was a terrible addiction that finally destroyed his body. It gave him cirrhosis of
the liver and accelerated the advance of liver cancer.
Question 71: Đáp án D
Chúng ta có thể thấy từ đoạn 5 rằng sau khi bố anh ấy mất, Mantle...
Dẫn chứng: He lived to fulfill his father’s dreams and drank to forget his father’s early death.
(5) It was a terrible addiction that finally destroyed his body. It gave him cirrhosis of the liver
and accelerated the advance of liver cancer. Even when Mickey Mantle had turned away
from his old life and warned young people not to follow his example, the destructive process
could not be stopped.
Question 72: Đáp án B
Câu nào sau đây được đề cập như là nguyên nhân chính gây ra sự hủy hoại trong cơ thể
của Mantle?
A. sự cô đơn
B. lối sống
C. phẫu thuật cấy ghép gan
D. ước mơ của chính anh ấy.
Dẫn chứng: => It was a terrible addiction that finally destroyed his body. It gave him
cirrhosis of the liver and accelerated the advance of liver cancer. Even when Mickey Mantle
had turned away from his old life and warned young people not to follow his example, the
destructive process could not be stopped.
Question 73: Đáp án D
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về chủ đề gì?
A. tầm quan trọng của ngành công nghiệp hóa chất
B. mối nguy hiểm của những hóa chất độc hại
C. sự đề xuất cấm sử dụng thuốc diệt cỏ
D. những lợi thế của hóa chất sinh học so với chất hóa học
Question 74: Đáp án A
từ “marrying” ở đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với
Dẫn chứng: Humans have struggled against weeds since the beginnings of agriculture.
Marring our gardens is one of the milder effects of weeds - any plants that thrive where they
are unwanted.
Question 75: Đáp án A
Thuật ngữ nào dưới đây mà tác giả định nghĩa ở đoạn văn 1?
Weeds: cỏ
Nutrients: chất dinh dưỡng
Wildlife habitats: môi trường sống của động vật hoang dã
Grazing area: khu vực để gặm cỏ ( cho bò/ trâu ăn)
Dẫn chứng: Marring our gardens is one of the milder effects of weeds - any plants that thrive
where they are unwanted.
Question 76: Đáp án B
Câu nào sau đây về việc sử dụng những hóa chất như là chất diệt cỏ tác giải có vẻ như
đồng ý nhất?
A. an toàn nhưng không hiệu quả
B. thỉnh thoảng cần phải dùng
C. Nó nên được tăng lên/ dùng nhiều hơn
D. gần đây nó trở nên nguy hiểm hơn
Dẫn chứng: The global need for weed control had been answered mainly by the chemical
industry. Its herbicides are effective and sometimes necessary, but some pose serious
problems, particularly if misused. Toxic compounds threaten animal and public health when
they accumulate in food plants, groundwater, and drinking water. They also harm workers
who apply them.
Question 77: Đáp án C
Câu nào sau đây không được nêu lên như một lợi ích của việc sử dụng chất sinh học so với
thuốc diệt cỏ hóa học?
A. Chúng an toàn hơn cho công nhân.
B. Chúng ít phá hoại những cây được trồng.
C. Chúng không dễ dàng có sẵn.
D. Chúng không cần phải được sử dụng thường xuyên.
Dẫn chứng: The biological agents now in use are environmentally benign and are harmless
to humans. They can be chosen for their ability to attack selected targets and leave crops
and other plants untouched. In contrast, some of the most effective chemicals kill virtually all
the plants they come in contact with, sparing only those that are naturally resistant or have
been genetically modified for resistance. Furthermore, a number of biological agents can be
administered only once, after which no added applications are needed. Chemicals typically
must be used several times per growing season.
Question 78: Đáp án C
Từ “ innate” ở đoạn 3 gần nghĩa nhất với
Dẫn chứng: Hence, scientists are exploring the innate weed-killing powers of living
organisms, primarily insects and microorganisms.
Question 79: Đáp án D
Theo bài đọc, những chất sinh học chủ yếu bao gồm
A.chất diệt cỏ
B. những thực vật có ích
C. cỏ
D. côn trùng và vi sinh vật
Dẫn chứng: Hence, scientists are exploring the innate weed-killing powers of living
organisms, primarily insects and microorganisms.
Question 80: Đáp án A
Câu nào sau đây mô tả đúng nhất về cấu trúc của bài đọc?
A.Một ý chung được đưa ra và những ví dụ cụ thể được nêu lên sau đó.
B. Hai nguyên nhân có thể của hiện tượng được so sánh.
C. Một vấn đề được mô tả và những giải pháp được thảo luận.
D. Một lời đề nghị được phân tích và bác bỏ.
Question 81: Đáp án B
The United States has many different types of families. While most American families are
traditional, (31) a father, a mother and one or more children, 22 percent of all
American families in 1998 were headed by one parent, usually a woman.
[Nước Mỹ có nhiều kiểu gia đình. Trong khi hầu hết các gia đình ở Mỹ theo kiểu truyền
thống, bao gồm 1 bố, 1 mẹ và một hay nhiều con cái, 22% trong số gia đình Mỹ vào năm
1998 đứng đầu là bố/mẹ, thường là mẹ.]
=>Chọn B
Dẫn chứng: There he exercised an enormous influence during the critical period of
reconstruction that brought into existence the American graded elementary school as
substitute for the older distinct school system.
[Ở đây ông đã có ảnh hưởng lớn trong suốt giai đoạn tái cấu trúc quan trọng cái mà đã
mang đến sự tồn tại hệ thống giáo dục phân cấp cơ bản như là sự thay thế cho hệ thống
trường học trước đó.]
=>Chọn D
Question 91: Đáp án A
Từ “mandatory” ở dòng 10 gần nghĩa nhất với required: được yêu cầu
equal: bình đẳng
excellent :tuyệt vời
basic:cơ bản
=>mandatory: bắt buộc = required: được yêu cầu
Question 92: Đáp án A
Những cải cách giáo dục của Mann đã đóng góp như thế nào?
A. Trong 12 bản báo cáo hằng năm của bang Massachusetts.
B. Trong báo cáo ông đã viết cho sự đóng góp quốc gia.
C. Trong những bài phát biểu mà ông đã thực hiện trên khắp cả nước.
D. Trong những quyển sách có thể được tìm thấy ở thư viện trường.
Dẫn chứng: Mann’s ideas about school reform were developed and distributed in twelve
annual reports to the state of Massachusetts that he wrote during his tenure as secretary of
education. [ Những ý tưởng của Mann về cải cách giáo dục đã được phát triển và đóng góp
vào 12 bản báo cáo hằng năm đến bang Massachusetts cái mà ông đã viết trong suốt thời
gian thực tập làm thư ký giáo dục.]
=>Chọn A
Question 93: Đáp án C
Việc nuôi nấng những đứa trẻ rất thông minh yêu cầu ..............
A. giáo dục đắt đỏ / tốn kém
B. nhạc cụ tốt
C. sự khuyến khích và ủng hộ của bố mẹ.
D. bố mẹ yêu thương con và giàu có
Dẫn chứng: One case involving very intelligent twins was quoted. One of the twins received
a normal upbringing, and performed well. The other twin, however, was brought up by
extremely supportive parents and given every possible opportunity to develop its abilities.
That twin, thought starting out with the same degree of intelligence as the other, performed
even better.
[ Một trường hợp gồm cặp sinh đôi rất thông minh đã được ghi nhận. Một trong 2 đứa trẻ
được nuôi nấng bình thường. Đứa trẻ còn lại, tuy nhiên, được nuôi dưỡng bởi bố mẹ cực kỳ
ủng hộ và tạo mọi cơ hội để phát triển khả năng. Đứa trẻ đó, mặt dù ban đầu cùng thông
minh như nhau nhưng đứa trẻ còn lại thể hiện tốt hơn.]
=>Chọn C
Question 94: Đáp án B
Từ “others” được sử dụng ở đoạn văn đầu tiên ám chỉ đến.....
Dẫn chứng: Psychologists have debated a long time about whether a child’s upbringing can
give it the ability to do outstandingly well. Some think that it is impossible to develop genius
and say that it is simply something a person is born with. Others, however , argue that the
potential for great achievement can be developed. The truth lies somewhere between these
two extremes.
[các nhà tâm lý học đã tranh luận một thời gian dài về liệu sự nuôi nấng một đứa trẻ có thể
cho nó khả năng thể hiện tốt không. Một số nghĩ rằng điều đó không thể phát triển thiên tài
và nói rằng đơn giản là bảm sinh sẵn có. Một số khác, tuy nhiên, tranh luận rằng tiềm năng
thành công có thể được phát triển. Sự thật nằm ở đâu đó giữa hai quan điểm này.] Others =
other scientists
=> Chọn B
Question 95: Đáp án C
Khi các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu về sự thông minh và khả năng của trẻ sinh đôi, họ phát
hiện ra rằng...............
A. khả năng phụ thuộc chủ yếu vào sự thông minh và thành tựu.
B. sự thông minh và phát triển không liên quan đến khả năng.
C. khả năng phụ thuộc vào cả sự thông minh và môi trường giáo dục.
D. những trẻ sinh đôi khác nhau có khả năng khác nhau.
Dẫn chứng: This case reflects the general principle of intelligence and ability. The more
favorable the environment, the more a child’s intelligence and ability are developed.
[ Điều này phản ánh quy luật chung của sự thông minh và khả năng. Môi trường nuôi dạy
càng tốt, sự thông minh và khả năng của đứa trẻ càng phát triển.]
=>Chọn C
Question 96: Đáp án D
Các nhà khoa học chọn trẻ sinh đôi để nghiên cứu bởi vì.................
A. mỗi trẻ sinh đôi có môi trường giáo dục giống với trẻ sinh đôi còn lại
B. chúng được sinh ra trong cùng 1 gia đình vì vậy được nuôi dạy như nhau
C. chúng có cùng điều kiện kinh tế và vì vậy có cơ hội như nhau
D. chúng có cùng nguồn gen và thường thông minh như nhau.
Dẫn chứng: Scientists have recently assessed intelligence, achievement, and ability in 50
sets of identical twins that were separated shortly birth and brought up by different parents.
They found that achievement was based on intelligence, and later influenced by the child’s
environment.
[ Các nhà khoa học gần đây nghiên đánh giá sự thông minh, thành tựu và khả năng trong 50
cặp trẻ sinh đôi được xác thực chúng đã bị cách ly khỏi bố mẹ ngay sau khi mới sinh và
được nuôi dưỡng bởi những bố mẹ khác nhau. Họ phát hiện ra rằng thành tựu được dựa
trên sự thông minh, và sau đó bị ảnh hưởng bởi môi trường nuôi dạy của đứa trẻ đó.]
=>Chọn D
Question 97: Đáp án A
Các nhạc sĩ thiên tài khác với các nhạc sĩ bình thường về sự phát triển như thế nào?
A. Khả năng của họ được phát hiện từ rất sớm và được nuôi dưỡng
B. Chúng tập luyện chơi nhạc cụ nhiều năm
C. Chúng tập trung vào âm nhạc để loại trừ những lĩnh vực khác.
D. Chúng thông minh và có chất nghệ sĩ ngoài mong đợi.
Dẫn chứng: One professor of music said that outstanding musicians usually started two or
three years earlier than ordinary performers, often because their parents had recognized
their ability. These musicians then needed at least ten years’ hard work and training in order
to reach the level they were capable of attaining.
[ Một chuyên gia âm nhạc cho biết những nhạc sĩ tài năng thường bắt đầu sớm hơn người
thường 2 – 3 năm, vì bố mẹ của họ thường nhận nhận ra khả năng của họ. Những nhạc sĩ
này cần ít nhất 10 năm tập luyện chăm chỉ và đào tạo để đạt đến mức độ cao nhất có thể.]
=>Chọn A
Question 98: Đáp án A
Tác giả khuyên rằng những đứa trẻ tài năng nên được phép làm theo...
A. sở thích của chúng
B. sở thích của bố mẹ chúng
C. chỉ sở thích của chúng về nhạc cụ
D. chỉ sở thích của chúng về những trò chơi trên máy tính
Dẫn chứng: Allow children to follow their own interests rather than the interests of the
parents. [ Cho phép trẻ con làm theo sở thích của chúng thay vì sở thích của bố mẹ chúng]
=>Chọn A
Question 99: Đáp án A
Khi khuyến khích những đứa trẻ tài năng, bố mẹ nên tránh...
A. Thúc đẩy con họ quá nhiều
B. để chúng chơi theo cách của chúng
C. cho chúng theo đuổi sở thích của mình
D. bắt đầu đi học sớm
Dẫn chứng: Start a child’s education early but avoid pushing the child too hard. [ Cho con
bắt đầu đi học sớm nhưng không quá thúc giục chúng.]
=>Chọn A
Question 100: Đáp án B
Câu trích dẫn “ để có một chiếc ô tô chạy nhanh cần cả động cơ và nhiên liệu” trong bài đọc
có nghĩa là để trở thành thiên tài...
A. bạn cần có sức khỏe tốt và sự nuôi dưỡng tốt.
B. bạn cần sự thông minh và cần phát triển nó.
C. bạn nên cố gắng di chuyển nhanh và hiệu quả.
D. bạn phải nuôi dưỡng não và tập luyện cơ nhiều.
Dẫn chứng: It seems very obvious that being born with the right qualities from gifted parents
will increase a child’s ability to do well. However, this ability will be fully realized only with the
right upbringing and opportunities. [ Có vẻ như rất hiển nhiên rằng được sinh ra với những
năng lực tốt từ bố mẹ tài giỏi sẽ tăng khả năng của các con. Tuy nhiên, khả năng này sẽ
được phát triển toàn diện chỉ với sự nuôi dưỡng và cơ hội thích hợp.] =>Chọn B
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (31) .
[ Ngày nay mọi người đều ý thức được rằng động vật hoang dã có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng/
đang bị đe dọa.] =>Chọn C
Question 102: Đáp án C
Disappear: biến mất = vanished
Extinct : tuyệt chủng
Empty: làm trống rỗng
Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become (32) if we do
not make an effort to protect them. There are many reasons for this. In some cases animals
are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies.
[Nhiều loại động vật bị đe dọa, và có thể dễ dàng bị tuyệt chủng nếu chúng ta không nỗ lực
bảo vệ chúng. Có nhiều lý do để làm việc này. Trong một số trường hợp động vật bị săn bắt
để lấy lông hoặc những bộ phận có giá trị.] =>Chọn C
Question 103: Đáp án B
For life : vì cuộc sống
Alive: còn sống
Lively: sống động / linh hoạt
For living: để sinh sống
Some birds, such as parrots, are caught (33) , and sold as pets. For many animals
and birds, the problem is that their habitats-the place where they live-is disappearing. More
land is used for farm, for houses and industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there
once were.
[ Một số loài chim, chẳng hạn như vẹt, bị bắt sống và bán như thú cưng. Với nhiều loài động
vật và chim, vấn đề là môi trường sống của chúng đang dần biến mất. Ngày càng nhiều đất
được sử dụng canh tác, xây nhà ở và công nghiệp, và có ít không gian trống hơn trước
đây.] =>Chọn B
Question 104: Đáp án D
Spoil = change sth good into bad: biến đổi thứ tốt thành xấu
Wound: làm bị thương
Wrong (v) = treat sb badly or unfairly: cư xử tệ hoặc bắt công
Harm (v): gây hại
Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better crops, but these chemicals pollute
the environment and (34) wildlife.
[Nông dân sử dụng những hóa chất mạnh để giúp họ trồng vụ mùa tốt hơn, nhưng những
hóa chất này gây ô nhiễm môi trường và gây hại đến động vật hoang dã.] =>Chọn D
Question 105: Đáp án A
A. Cử chỉ điệu bộ
B. lời nói
C. Ký hiệu và tín hiệu
D. sự giao tiếp
=>Chọn D
Question 107: Đáp án A
Theo bài đọc cái nào là tín hiệu?
A. Một hình thức giao tiếp làm gián đoạn môi trường.
B. Hình thức giao tiếp khó mô tả nhất.
C. một hình thức giao tiếp có thể được sử dụng ở những khoảng cách xa.
D. Hình thức giao tiếp liên quan nhất đến nhận thức văn hóa.
Dẫn chứng: The basic function of signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way
that it attracts attention, as, for example, the dots and dashes of a telegraph circuit.
=>Chọn A
Question 108: Đáp án D
Từ “it” ở đoạn 1 ám chỉ đến....
=>Chọn D
Question 109: Đáp án B
Từ “ intricate” ở đoạn 2 có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bởi...
Intricate: lộn xộn Inefficient: không hiệu quả
Complicated: phức tạp
Historical: thuộc về lịch sử
Uncertain: không chắc chắn =>Intricate = Complicated =>Chọn B
Question 110: Đáp án D
Vỗ tay được trích dẫn như là một ví dụ của...
=>Chọn A
Question 114: Đáp án D
Từ “ dễ lây nhiễm” gần nghĩa nhất với... Courteous: lịch sự Arresting: khiến người ta chú ý
Numerous: nhiều Catching: dễ bắt lấy =>contagious = catching =>Chọn D
Question 115: Đáp án B
Cộng đồng toàn cầu xem bệnh đậu mùa như là..............
A. một căn bệnh nhỏ
B. một căn bệnh tâm lý.
C. một căn bệnh chết người
D. một căn bệnh hiếm gặp
Dẫn chứng: In many nations, it was a terror, a fatal disease until very recently.
=>Chọn B
Question 116: Đáp án A
Từ” mối đe dọa” ở đoạn 2 có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bởi...
Risk: mối nguy hiểm/ đe dọa
Debate: cuộc tranh cãi
Announce: thông báo
Bother: sự làm phiền =>threat = risk
=>Chọn A
Question 117: Đáp án C
Theo bài đọc, phương pháp nào được sử dụng để ngăn chặn sự lây lan của bệnh đậu mùa?
A. Tiêm ngừa vắc-xin cho cả làng.
B. Chữa trị cho từng cá nhân.
C. Cách li những nạn nhân và tiêm ngừa trên diện rộng.
D. Thông báo sự bùng phát dịch bệnh một cách rộng rãi.
Dẫn chứng: The strategy was not only to provide mass vaccinations but also to isolate
patients with active smallpox in order to contain the spread of the disease and to break the
chain of human transmission.
=>Chọn C
Question 118: Đáp án B
Cộng đồng được thúc giục để giúp đỡ những nhân viên y tế như thế nào?
A. bằng cách giáo dục họ.
B. bằng cách ban thưởng cho họ khi báo cáo những trường hợp bệnh đậu mùa.
C. bằng cách cách li họ với những người khác.
D. bằng cách tiêm ngừa vắc-xin cho họ. Dẫn chứng: Rewards for reporting smallpox
assisted in motivating the public to aid health workers.
=>Chọn B
Question 119: Đáp án A
Câu nào sau đây không ám chỉ đến bệnh đậu mùa?
A. Dự án trước đây đã thất bại.
B. Mọi người không còn tiêm ngừa vắc-xin bệnh đậu mùa nữa.
C. Tổ chức Y tế thế giới đã thành lập một chiến dịch toàn cầu để loại trừ căn bệnh này.
D. Nó là một mối đe dọa chết người.
Dẫn chứng: Routine vaccinations have been stopped worldwide.=> loại B In May, 1966, the
World Health Organization (WHO), an agency of the United Nations was authorized to
initiate a global campaign to eradicate smallpox. => loại C In many nations, it was a terror, a
fatal disease until very recently. => loại D
=>Chọn A
Question 120: Đáp án B
Có thể suy ra từ bài đọc rằng................
A. Bệnh sốt rét đã được báo cáo từ năm ngoái.
B. Không có trường hợp mắc bệnh đậu mùa mới được báo cáo trong năm nay.
C. Những bệnh nhân đậu mùa không còn chết khi tiếp xúc với căn bệnh này nữa.
D. Bệnh đậu mùa không lây từ người này sang người khác.
Dẫn chứng: Câu A không được đề cập đến thời điểm [ this year] Câu C không được đề cập
đến trong bài. Câu D sai nghĩa hoàn toàn vì bệnh đậu mùa là bệnh truyền nhiễm. =>Chọn B
A. quan trọng
B. sự đo lường/ đếm
C. đếm/ kiểm toán
D. đếm người
, even adult learners find the experience of travelling to a strange country and encountering
people who speak an incomprehensible language challenging?
[Nhưng độ tuổi nào là phù hợp để bắt đầu để trẻ em đi du học? Xét cho cùng, thậm chí
những người học lớn tuổi cảm thấy trải nghiệm đi du lịc đến một đất nước xa lạ và gặp
những người nói ngôn ngữ không thể hiểu được thật là thách thức.]
Question 164: Đáp án B
Turn up = arrive: đến nơi Bring up: nuôi nấng
Put sb up: cho tá túc qua đêm Grow up: lớn lên/ trưởng thành
A great deal depends on how a child has been (34) up.
[ Điều đó phụ thuộc rất nhiều vào việc một đứa trẻ được nuôi nấng như thế nào.]
Question 165: Đáp án D
Travel: sự đi lại/ lữ hành Journey: hành trình
Voyage: chuyến hải trình Trip: chuyến đi
Study trip: chuyến đi du học
For example, if they have been exposed to new things and have already started to learn
independence, then they are likely to prosper. Further on, children who have previously
travelled abroad with their parents are usually more prepared for a study (35)
in an English-speaking country on their own than those who have not.
[ Ví dụ như, nếu chúng đã tiếp xúc mới những điều mới mẻ và đã bắt đầu học tự lập, sau đó
chúng có thể phát triển tốt hơn. Hơn thế nữa, trẻ em đã từng đi nước ngoài với bố mẹ
thường được chuẩn bị nhiều hơn cho một chuyến du học ở một đất nước nói tiếng Anh hơn
là những đứa trẻ chưa đi nước ngoài bao giờ.]
Question 166: Đáp án B
Mục đích của bài đọc là gì?
A. Để so sánh Lễ Tạ ơn được tổ chức trong quá khứ và hiện tại.
B. Để cung cấp cái nhìn tổng quát về một lễ hội phổ biến ở Mỹ
C. để giải thích sự tồn tại của một lễ hội ở Mỹ
D. để giới thiệu văn hóa của người Mỹ bản địa
Question 167: Đáp án B
Ở Mỹ, Lế tạ ơn là
A. một lễ hội mang tính chất tôn giáo được tổ chức chỉ bởi người Anh.
B. được tổ chức như là một ngày lễ của công chúng/ quốc lễ.
C. quan trọng hơn Giáng sinh
D. khác Giáng sinh
Question 168: Đáp án C
Theo bài đọc, Pilgrims là
A. những người đi đến Mỹ bằng tàu.
B. các chuyến đi mà tín đồ tôn giáo thực hiện đến đất thánh.
C. người đã rời bỏ nhà và đến sống ở Bắc Mỹ những năm 1620.
D. người Mỹ bản xứ sống ở Bắc Mỹ Dẫn chứng: In 1620 the ship the Mayflowers arrived,
bringing about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims.
Question 169: Đáp án D
Tất cả những câu sau đây được đề cập NGOẠI TRỪ
A. Mọi người tổ chức Lễ tạ ơn để cảm ơn thượng đế
B. Người ta thường có những bữa ăn truyền thống và ngày Lễ tạ ơn
C. Có nhiều chương trình giải trí vào ngày Lễ tạ ơn
D. Mọi người đến nhà thờ để thực hiện các lễ nghi tôn giáo vào ngày Lễ tạ ơn.
Dẫn chứng:
The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from
North America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes (also called yams) and
cranberries, which are made into a kind of sauce or jelly. The turkey is filled with stuffing or
dressing, and many families have their own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a
pie. => loại B
They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had
survived. Today people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. =>loại A
On Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. In New York there
is the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, when a long line of people wearing fancy costumes
march through the streets with large balloons in the shape of imaginary characters. =>loại C
Question 170: Đáp án D
Câu nào sau đây không đúng vê Lễ tạ ơn?
A. Gà tây, mứt và bánh bí ngô được phục vụ.
B. Mọi người tham gia và đoàn diễu hành Lễ tạ ơn của Macy
C. Mọi người mặc quần áo sặc sỡ đi diễu hành khắp các con đường
D. Mọi người ra ngoài đi mua sắm quà Giáng sinh. Dẫn chứng: Thanksgiving is considered
the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next day many people go out to shop for
Christmas presents.
Question 171: Đáp án A
Ở đoạn 2, đại từ “them” ám chỉ đến cái nào sau đây?
A. Pilgrims
B. Những chiếc tàu mà người Pilgrims đã dùng để đi từ Anh đến Mỹ
C. Những người Mỹ bản địa
D. Các trường học.
Dẫn chứng:
In 1620 the ship the Mayflowers arrived, bringing about 150 people who today are usually
called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find
enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans showed
them what foods were safe to eat, so that they could save food for the next winter.
Question 172: Đáp án A
Câu nào sau đây không đúng?
A. Ở Mỹ, Lễ tạ ơn không phải là quốc lễ; là một ngày lễ tôn giáo.
B. Giáng sinh đến sau Lễ tạ ơn khoảng chưa đến 1 tháng.
C. Lễ tạ ơn lúc đầu được tổ chức bởi những người châu Âu đầu tiên ở Bắc Mỹ để cảm ơn
thượng đế đã giúp họ sống sót.
D. Cuộc diễu hành vào ngày lễ tạ ơn của Macy đầy màu sắc và thú vị.
Dẫn chứng: Thanksgiving is celebrated in the US on the fourth Thursday in November. For
many Americans it is the most important holiday apart from Christmas....Today people
celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days.
Question 173: Đáp án B
Từ “hidden” ở đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với
A. Không thể uống được B. Không bị ảnh hưởng/ làm cho bị hư
hại
C. Không thể khai thác được D. Chưa được phát hiện
Dẫn chứng: A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater
lake, one of the world’s largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice.
=>hidden = untouched
Question 174: Đáp án C
Câu nào đúng về hồ Vostok?
A. Nó hoàn toàn bị đông lạnh. B. Nó là hồ nước mặn.
C. Nó ở bên dưới một phiến đá dày. D. Nó được sưởi ấm bởi mặt trời.
Dẫn chứng: The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because
its waters are warmed by geothermal heat from the earth’s core.
Question 175: Đáp án A
Từ nào sau đây gần nghĩa nhất với “frigid” ở đoạn 1?
A. cực kỳ lạnh B. dễ vỡ
C. khá thô ráp D. ấm áp
Dẫn chứng: The thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from the frigid
temperatures on the surface.
Question 176: Đáp án D
Tất cả những câu nào sau đây đúng về cuộc khảo sát năm 1970 của châu Đại Dương
NGOẠI TRỪ
A. được thực hiện bởi máy bay
B. tận dụng sóng radio
C. không thể xác định kích cỡ chính xác của cái hồ
D. được kiểm soát bởi 1 vệ tinh
Dẫn chứng: The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was
conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated
the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size.
Question 177: Đáp án A
Có thể suy ra từ bài đọc rằng lớp băng sẽ không bằng phẳng nếu
A. không có hồ ở bên dưới B. hồ không quá lớn
C. Bắc Cực không quá lạnh D. Sóng radio không được sử dụng.
Dẫn chứng: It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made
scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; the satellite-borne radar detected an
extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the
lake.
Question 178: Đáp án C
Từ “microbes” ở đoạn 3 có thể được thay thế bởi từ nào sau đây?
A. hạt bụi B. bong bóng nhỏ
C. sinh vật nhỏ D. tia sáng
Dẫn chứng: The discovery of such a huge freshwater lake trapped under Antarctica is of
interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient
microbes that have survived for thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear
fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas.
Question 179: Đáp án B
Hồ Vostok rất quan trọng đối với các nhà khoa học bởi vì
A. có thể được nghiên cứu qua việc sử dụng sóng radio
B. có thể chứa các vi trùng chưa bị làm ô nhiễm
C. có thể làm tăng hàm lượng ánh sáng tia cực tím
D. đã bị nhiễm bẩn
Dẫn chứng: The discovery of such a huge freshwater lake trapped under Antarctica is of
interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient
microbes that have survived for thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear
fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas.
Question 180: Đáp án D
Mục đích của bài đọc là gì?
A. giải thích cách mà hồ Vostok được phát hiện
B. cung cấp dữ liệu vệ tinh liên quan đến Bắc Cực
C. nói về các kế hoạch tương lai cho hồ Vostok
D. trình bày một khía cạnh không ngờ tới về địa lý của Bắc Cực.
Question 181: Đáp án B
Bundles: bó/ gói => a bundle of paper: một sấp giấy
Collections: bộ sưu tập
Amounts: lượng
Groups:nhóm
Last year thieves broke into a Scottish stately home and stole only one thing: a rhino horn
trophy, which at 1.5 meters was the longest in the world. Meanwhile, in China,
pharmaceutical factories have been building up (31) of antiques made from
rhino horn,
[ Năm ngoái các tên trộm đã đột nhập vào 1 ngôi nhà uy nghiêm và lấy đi chỉ một thứ: một
chiếc cúp sừng tê giác, cái mà dài 1,5 mét dài nhất trên thế giới. Trong khi đó, ở Trung
Quốc, các nhà máy dược liệu đã tạo ra những bộ sưu tập đồ cổ được làm từ sừng tê giác.]
Question 182: Đáp án C
Real: thật Actual: sự thật/ thực tế
Essential: thiết yếu/ quan trọng True: đúng
for the sole purpose of smashing them to powder to make the (32) ingredient
of many of their medicines. And in Zimbabwe, 34 poachers died in 1990 in the search for the
black rhino.
[ Với mục đích duy nhất là nghiền chúng ra thành bột để làm ra thành phần thiết yếu của
nhiều loại thuốc. Và ở Zimbawe, năm 1990 có 34 thợ săn trái phép đã chết khi tìm kiếm tê
giác đen.]
Question 183: Đáp án B
Design: thiết kế Plan: lên kế hoạch
Programme: chương trình Form: hình dạng/ khuôn mẫu
Recently, conservationists met to (33) a campaign to persuade countries where
rhino horn is still part of the traditional medicine to switch to substitutes. The biggest threat to
the survival of the rhinoceros is the refusal of certain countries to enforce a ban on domestic
trading in rhino horn.
[ Gần đây, các nhà bảo tồn đã họp mặt để lên kế hoạch cho một chiến dịch thuyết phục các
nước nơi mà sừng tê giác vẫn là một phần trong phương thuốc truyền thống để chuyển
sang loại thay thế khác. Mối đe dọa lớn nhất đối với sự tồn tại của tê giác là các nước này
từ chối ban hành luật cấm mua bán sừng tê giác trong nước.]
Question 184: Đáp án D
Capacity: sức chứa/ thể tích Property: tài sản/ thuộc tính
Control: kiểm soát Powers: sức mạnh/ tác dụng
The rhino horn is included in many doses for disorders raging from fevers to nosebleeds.
Horn, like fingernails, is made of keratin and has no proven medicinal (34) .
Traditional substitutes, such as horn from buffalo or antelope, are regarded as second best.
[ Sừng tê giác được bao gồm trong nhiều phương thuốc chữa trị rối loạn từ sốt cho đến
chảy máu cam. Sừng, cũng giống như móng tay, được làm từ keratin và không được chứng
minh là có sức mạnh dược liệu. Các thành phần thay thế truyền thống, chẳng hạn như sừng
từ trâu hay linh dương, được xem là tốt thứ hai.]
Question 185: Đáp án D
Variation: sự làm khác đi Comparison: sự so sánh
Variety: sự đa dạng Difference: sự khác nhau
The battle is thought to be winnable. But it may be harder than the battle against the trade in
ivory, for there is a (35) between the two commodities. Ivory is a luxury; rhino
horn, people believe, could save the life of their child.
[ Trận chiến được nghĩ rằng có thể chiến thắng. Nhưng nó có thể khó khăn hơn là chống lại
việc mua bán ngà voi, bởi vì có sự khác biệt giữa hai hàng hóa này. Ngà voi là món hàng xỉ;
sừng tê giác người ta tin rằng có thể cứu mạng con cái của họ.]
Question 186: Đáp án C
Chủ đề chính của bài đọc là gì?
A. Những nguyên liệu được dùng để làm hạt cườm.
B. Hạt cườm được làm như thế nào.
C. Lý do của việc nghiên cứu những hạt cườm.
D. Những loại hạt cườm khác nhau.
Question 187: Đáp án B
Từ “adorned” [ được dùng để trang trí] ở đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với
Protected: được bảo vệ Decorated: trang trí
Purchased: mua bán Enjoyed: được yêu thích
Dẫn chứng: In the past, as today, men, women, and children adorned themselves with
beads.
=>adorned = Decorated
Question 188: Đáp án D
Tất cả những ý sau đều là đặc tính của những vật thể đáng để sưu tập NGOẠI TRỪ
Durability: sự bền bỉ Portability: dễ mang theo
Value: có giá trị Scarcity: sự khan hiếm
Dẫn chứng: Besides their wearability, either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire,
beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible, they are durable, portable,
available in infinite variety, and often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in
today's market.
Question 189: Đáp án D
Theo bài đọc, tất cả những nhân tố dưới đây làm cho người ta muốn chạm vào hạt cườm
NGOẠI TRỪ
Shape: hình dáng Color: màu săc
Material: chất liệu Odor: mùi
Dẫn chứng: Pleasing to look at and touch, beads come in shapes, colors, and materials that
almost compel one to handle them and to sort them.
Question 190: Đáp án B
Từ “mundane” [ thuộc về trần gian/ bình thường] ở đoạn 3 gần nghĩa nhất với
Carved: được chạm/ khắc Ordinary: bình thường
Beautiful: đẹp Heavy: nặng
Dẫn chứng: Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great distances and been
exposed to many human experiences.
=>mundane = Ordinary
Question 191: Đáp án C
Thật khó để theo dấu lịch sử của những hạt cườm cổ nhất định bởi vì
A. Kích thước nhỏ B. được chôn dưới lòng đất
C. được mang đi khỏi vị trí ban đầu D. thường bị mất
Dẫn chứng: Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great distances and been
exposed to many human experiences...Many ancient beads that are of ethnographic interest
have often been separated from their original cultural context.
Question 192: Đáp án A
Kiến thức về lịch sử về một vài loại chuỗi hạt có thể có ích trong các nghiên cứu được thực
hiện bởi các lĩnh vực
Medical researchers: các nhà nghiên cứu y học Economists: các nhà kinh tế học
Question 193: Đáp án D
Bài báo nói về cái gì?
A. Đời sống hằng ngày ở Mexico B. Canh tác ở Milpha Alta
C. Nghệ thuật ẩm thực của người Mexico D. Những truyền thống ở Mexico
Question 194: Đáp án B
Ở Milpha Alta việc ăn với người khác thì
Difficult: khó khăn Important: quan trọng
Unusual: bất thường Abstained: kiêng khen
Question 195: Đáp án A
Điều gì là bất thường về lễ hội La Rejunta?
A. một lượng thức ăn lớn được làm B. sự kiện kéo dài nhiều ngày
C. những thành phần nấu ăn rất bất thường D. sự chuẩn bị chỉ mất vài ngày
Dẫn chứng: More than a meal, it‟s a feast, where about sixty thousand tamales and fifteen
thousand litres of hot chocolate are made and consumed.
Question 196: Đáp án C
Những người đứng ra tổ chức lễ hội làm gì?
A. nấu thức ăn cho lễ hội La Rejunta B.trồng thực phẩm cho lễ hội La Rejunta
C. tổ chức lễ hội La Rejunta D. thu nhặt gỗ cho lễ hội La Rejunta
Dẫn chứng: Every year, different people are given the job of majordomo, which means
they‟re responsible for organising the meal.
Question 197: Đáp án B
Theo như bài báo, câu nào là đúng?
A. Không nhiều người muốn được đăng cai tổ chức lễ hội
B. mọi người chờ đợi rất lâu để được đăng cai tổ chức lễ hội.
C. VirginiaMeza Torres là người đăng cai tổ chức lễ hội khoảng 14 năm
D. một người đứng ra tổ chức lễ hội có quyền dành cả đêm ngủ trong ngày tổ chức bữa cổ.
Dẫn chứng: There‟s a waiting list for the opportunity to do this and currently the next
available year is 2046.
Question 198: Đáp án D
Theo đoạn văn 3, câu nào sau đây là đúng?
A. Sau bữa ăn, mọi người rửa bát cùng nhau.
B. Mất một tuần để tổ chức lễ hội La Rejunta
C. Những người tổ chức lễ hội tự làm mọi thứ.
D. Tất cả thức ăn đến từ vùng địa phương.
Dẫn chứng: Local farmers grow most of the corn, meat and vegetables that are needed as
ingredients.
Question 199: Đáp án B
Fermin...
A. nấu món tamales
B. đếm số lượng thức ăn
C. bảo những tình nguyện viên việc cần làm
D. lên kế hoạch cho lễ hội La Rejunta năm tới.
Dẫn chứng: Fermin is in charge of the numbers – making sure there are enough tamales for
everyone.
Question 200: Đáp án
Theo đoạn văn cuối, điều quan trọng về những bữa ăn trong gia đình là...
A. bên cạnh nhau/ ở cùng nhau B. nấu ăn
C. thức ăn D. thành phần nguyên liệu
[ Một sức khỏe tốt, tinh thần sẵn sàng làm việc và bằng cấp là tất cả những thứ cần thiết
đối để khởi đầu ở Mỹ]
Question 306: Đáp án A
Theo bài đọc, kim loại có thể dẫn điện là do
A. cách mà các phân tử kết hợp với nhau
B. sự thiếu các electron tự do
C. các nguyên tử của nó với cực dương
D. mất 1 electron trong nhân của nguyên tử
Dẫn chứng:The ability of metals to conduct electricity is due to how their atoms bond
together.
Question 307: Đáp án B
Từ “ outermost” ( lớp ngoài cùng) ở đoạn 1 gần như có nghĩa là
A.nặng nhất C. gần nhất so với bên trong
B. xa nhất từ bên trong D. nhẹ nhất
Dẫn chứng: In order to bond together the metal atoms lose at least one of their outermost
electrons.
Question 308: Đáp án D
Muối ở thể rắn không thể dẫn điện bởi vì
A. các ion mang điện của nó có thể chảy dễ dàng
B. nó không thể tạo ra ion mang điện
C. nó có các electron tự do
D. các ion mang điện của nó không tự do di chuyển
Dẫn chứng: In its solid state an ionic substance like salt cannot conduct electricity as its
charged ions cannot flow.
Question 309: Đáp án B
Nước là chất dẫn điện kém bởi vì nó chứa
A.chỉ có điện tích dương
B. chỉ một lượng nhỏ các phân tử mang đầy điện
C. chỉ mang điện tích âm
D. không có điện tích âm hay điện tích dương
Dẫn chứng:Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant
amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall
the molecule is neutral).
Question 310: Đáp án D
Chúng ta có thể gặp vấn đề khi chạm vào các dụng cụ điện với tay ướt bởi vì
A.bản thân nước là chất dẫn điện tốt
B. nước chứa quá nhiều các phân tử trung hòa
C. nước không chứa những phân tử mang điện làm cho nó dẫn điện tốt hơn.
D. nước hòa tan muối trên da chúng ta và trở nên có tính dẫn điện hơn.
Dẫn chứng: Many of the problems that occur when touching electrical devices with wet
hands result from the ever-present salt that is left on our skin through perspiration and it
dissolves in the water to make it more conductive.
Question 311: Đáp án C
Câu nào không đúng theo như bài đọc?
A. Than chì là chất rắn phổ biến có thể dẫn điện.
B. Muối có thể dẫn điện khi nó nóng chảy hoặc hòa tan
C. Nước tinh khiết dẫn điện tốt hơn hầu hết nước mà chúng ta gặp phải mỗi ngày.
D. Một số chất dẫn điện tốt hơn những chất khác.
Dẫn chứng: Water itself is a poor conductor of electricity as it does not contain a significant
amount of fully charged particles (the ends of a water molecule are partly charged but overall
the molecule is neutral).
Question 312: Đáp án C
Tiêu đề hay nhất cho bài đọc là?
A. Các chất cách điện
B. Năng lượng điện
C. Chất dẫn điện
D. Các thiết bị điện
Question 313: Đáp án A
Theo bài đọc người ở Luân Đôn có thể thích đường hầm cho xe riêng của họ bởi vì
A.giao thông ùn tắc C. khoảng đường xa
B. vé rẻ D. air pollution
Dẫn chứng: People living in urban areas may use buses, trains or, in London, the
Underground, to get to city centres, mainly because traffic is often heavy and it is difficult to
find anywhere to park a car.
Question 314: Đáp án A
Như được đề cập ở đoạn 3 hệ thống giao thông công cộng Mỹ tốt ở
A.các thành phố lớn C. một số bang
B. các bang lớn D. tất cả thành phố
Dẫn chứng: In the US large cities have good public transportation systems.
Question 315: Đáp án A
Câu nào sau đây không đúng theo như bài đọc?
A. Một vài sinh viên đại học ở Mỹ có xe riêng.
B. Hệ thống đường ngầm phổ biến ở các thành phố lớn của Mỹ.
C. Hầu hết người Mỹ thích lái xe ra ngoài các thành phố lớn.
D. Các gia đình Mỹ thường có 1 ô tô trở lên.
Dẫn chứng: Many college and even high-school students have their own cars.
Question 316: Đáp án D
Cụm từ “at their own convenience” ở đoạn 4 gần nghĩa nhất với
A. tại vào thời gian sớm và nơi lân cận
B. thời gian nhanh nhất và nơi gần nhất
C. thời gian muộn nhất và nơi gần nhất
D. thời gian và địa điểm thích hợp
Dẫn chứng:Most places are linked by motorways or other fast roads and many people prefer
to drive at their own convenience rather than use a train, even though they may get stuck in
a traffic jam.
Question 317: Đáp án C
Ý nào sau đây đúng về vận tải ở nước Anh?
A.Tàu hỏa thường rẻ hơn các dịch vụ xe khách đường dài.
B. Có những chuyến bay không thường xuyên đến các sân bay trong khu vực.
C. Những món hàng nặng hơn và nguyên liệu thô thường được vận chuyển và tàu hỏa.
D. Việc đi lại đường dài ở Anh chỉ bằng đường bộ.
Dẫn chứng: A lot of freight is also distributed by road, though heavier items and raw
materials often go by rail.
Question 318: Đáp án C
Bài đọc thể hiện rằng những vấn đề lớn của vận tải đường bộ ở Anh và Mỹ thì
A. nhanh và đường xấu C. ùn tắc giao thông và ô nhiễm
B. uống rượu lái xe và ùn tắc giao thông D. các tai nạn và ô nhiễm
Dẫn chứng:The main problems associated with road transport in both Britain and the US are
traffic congestion and pollution.
Question 319: Đáp án A
Theo bài đọc, người Anh từ chối dùng các phương tiện công cộng bởi vì
A. họ nghĩ rằng nó không đủ tốt
B. họ thấy không có lý do gì để sử dụng ô tô ít đi
C. xăng khá rẻ ở nước Anh
D. họ thích đi xe cùng với hàng xóm
Dẫn chứng: Most people say that public transport is simply not good enough.
Question 320: Đáp án B
Từ “they” ở câu cuối của bài đọc có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bởi
A. các thành phố lớn C. chính phủ
B. người Mỹ D. những người hàng xóm
Dẫn chứng: Americans too have resisted government requests to share cars because it is
less convenient and restricts their freedom. Petrol/gasoline is relatively cheap in the US and
outside the major cities public transport is bad, so they see no reason to use their cars less.
Question 321: Đáp án D
Abilities: khả năng Techniques: kỹ thuật
Possibilities: có thẻ Responsibilities: trách nhiệm
A trend that has emerged recently is the sharing of childcare (31) between
husband and wife.
[ Một xu hướng mới nổi lên gần đây là chia sẻ trách nhiệm chăm sóc con giữa vợ và chồng]
Question 322: Đáp án B
Payment: sự thanh toán/ trả nợ Fares: phí ( giao thông)
Expenses: chi tiêu/ chi phí Fees:phí ( học phí)
In some cases, the woman’s salary is for family (32) and the father becomes
the
“househusband."
[ Trong một vài trường hợp, lương của phụ nữ dành cho chi tiêu trong gia đình và ngưới bố
trở thành nội trợ]
Question 323: Đáp án A
Make: tạo ra Hold: cầm/ giữ
Create: sáng tạo Give: đưa/ cho
Cụm từ: make decision [ quyết định]
In practice, for over 30 years, Hoffman has found "a very dramatic difference in the
involvement of the father in everything from care-taking to general decision (33)