Confidential

Confidential

OCTG Connections

Kuala Lumpur
November 28th, 2019
JFE-TC Singapore
 Confidential

OCTG Connections
Oilfield tubulars require a method of joining individual lengths
together.

Transportation limitations, handling on location, and rig capacity

for running or pulling tubulars dictate that in order to install a
string that is thousands of feet in length hundreds of connections
must be made at the location.

Unfortunately every connection is effectively a potential leak

path.

So the ability of threaded connections to support string

loads and not leak cannot be over estimated.

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Service Loads
Internal Pressure – Pipes are subjected to
high internal pressures during:
✓ Drilling operations, loss of circulation
✓ Encountering high pressure formations
✓ Well Control events, tubing failures
✓ Production flow
✓ High pressure fraq’s or well stimulations
✓ Pumping cement or green cement tests
✓ Production
External Pressure – External pressure loads
can be encountered during:
✓ Drilling – Evacuated casing
✓ Annular leaks from internal strings
✓ Formation Pressures
✓ Cementing
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Service Loads - Tension

Tension loads can occur when:
➢ Running tubulars due to string weight
➢ Over pull for landing the string
➢ Pulling pipe
➢ Stuck strings
➢ Ballooning during high pressure fracs
➢ Contraction when well is shut in

The effects of tension loads on connections must

be taken into consideration, particularly for
connections weaker than the pipe body.

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Service Loads – Compression

Compression loads can loads occur when:
➢ Running tubulars due to
➢ Buoyancy or stuck pipe
➢ Setting down hole tools
➢ Stuck pipe or tight spots
➢ Stuck strings
➢ Compaction due to subsidence
➢ String lengthening due to thermal expansion during
production
➢ Negative ballooning due to high external pressure

The effects of compression loads on connections

must also be taken into consideration, due to
effects on sealing

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Performance Calculations
Internal Pressure
f ymn = Pipe Yield Strength

PiYAPI = 2 f ymn (k wall t ) / D  t = Pipe Wall Thickness
D = Pipe Diameter
k wall = Factor for API Min Wall (0.875)

Example 7” 35# Q-125 (nominal wall 0.498” wt)

PiYAPI = 2 125,000  (0.875  0.498)  7 = 15,562 psi

Pipe Body Yield Strength
f ymn = Pipe Yield Strength
FYAPI = f ymn Ap (
Ap = Area of Pipe, Ap =   4 D 2 − d 2 )
D = Pipe Diameter
d = Pipe inside diameter

Example 7” 35# Q-125 (nominal wall 0.498” wt)

FYAPI =125,000 10.1725 = 1,271,558lbs
1,271,558  1000 = 1,272kip
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Performance Calculations
External (Collapse) Pressure
Collapse pressure is determined by one of four equations:
• Yield Strength Collapse – Uses pipe yield strength.
• Plastic Collapse – Based on physical tests.
• Transition Collapse – Based on physical tests.
• Elastic Collapse – Based on elastic instability of steel and
Young’s Modulus (independent of material yield strength).

The equation to be used is based on the D/t ratio of the pipe body.

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Performance Calculations
API Collapse is divided into 4 categories based on D/t ratio.
Yield Plastic
Collapse Pressure

Collapse Transition
Collapse Elastic
Collapse
PYp = 2fymn[(D/t) - 1]/[(D/t)2] (theoretical formula) Collapse

PP = fymn[A/(D/t) - B] - C (empirical formula)

PT = fymn[F/(D/t) - G] (empirical formula)

Reach the yield point
before collapse PE = 46.95x106/[(D/t)(D/t – 1)2]

Collapse with elastic property

Independent of YS

Collapse between plastic

Collapse with and elastic property
plastic property fyms： SMYS
A,B,C,F,G： Polynomial of fyms

D/t
Smaller OD Larger OD
Thicker WT Thinner WT
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Performance Calculations
Example 7” 35# Q-125 (nominal wall 0.498” wt)
D = 7"
t = 0.498"
f ymn = 125,000 psi
D / t = 14.056

Looking through tables 5, 6, 7 and 8 in API 5C3 section 8, you will see that this
D/t ratio for 7” 35# Q125 material falls under plastic collapse in table 6.

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Performance Calculations
Ac = Empirical constant in historical API collapse formula (49)
Bc = Empirical constant in historical API collapse formula (50)
Cc = Empirical constant in historical API collapse formula (51)
Fc = Empirical constant in historical API collapse formula (52)
Gc = Empirical constant in historical API collapse formula (53)
f ymn = Pipe Yield Strength

Ac = 2.8762 + 0.10679 10 −5 f ymn + 0.2130110 −10 f ymn − 0.53132 10 −16 f ymn
2 3

( ( )) (( )( )) ((
Ac = 2.8762 + 0.10679  10 −5 125,000 + 0.2130110 −6 125,0002 − 0.53132 10 −16 125,0003 = 3.239 )( ))
Bc = 0.026233 + 0.50609 10 −6 f ymn
(
Bc = 0.026233 + 0.50609  10 −6 125,000 = 0.0895 )

Cc = −465.93 + 0.030867 f ymn − 0.10483  10 −7 f ymn + 0.36989  10 −13 f ymn

2 3

(( ) ) ((
Cc = −465.93 + (0.030867 125,000) − 0.10483 10 −7 125,0002 + 0.36989 10 −13 125,0003 = 3301 ) )


Fc = 46.95  106 (3Bc / Ac ) / (2 + Bc / Ac ) / f ymn (3Bc / Ac ) / (2 + Bc / Ac ) − Bc / Ac  1 − (3Bc / Ac ) / (2 + Bc / Ac )
3 2

Fc = 46.95  106  (3  0.0895 / 3.239) / (2 + 0.0895 / 3.239) /125,000(3  0.0895 / 3.239) / (2 + 0.0895 / 3.239) − 0.0895 / 3.239
3

 1 − (30.0895 / 3.239) / (2 + 0.0895 / 3.239) } = 2.106

2

Gc = Fc Bc / Ac
Gc = 2.106  0.0895 / 3.239 = 0.0582
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Performance Calculations
API collapse Pressure

Plastic collapse pressure equation 37

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Pipe Body VME Diagram

• What is it?
– It is a diagram that relates load and pressure with the
following formula set equal to the material yield strength
based on stress induced by the loads

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Pipe Body VME Diagram

• Three Principal Stresses
▪ Axial – composed of applied load by the frame plus pressure
end load (Pi x the pipe bore area)
▪ Radial – resulting from internal or external pressure
▪ Hoop (tangential or circumferential) – resulting from the
internal or external pressure
▪ Hoop and radial are a function of internal or external
pressure and can mathematically be reduced to a single
component > Pressure

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Von Mises Ellipse (VME)

7.0" 38# Q125 Von Mises Envelope
25000
95% TLE
20000
100% VME

15000

10000
Applied Pressure (psi)

5000

-5000

-10000

-15000

-20000

-25000
-2000 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Total Axial Load (kips)

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Von Mises Ellipse (VME)

7.0" 38# Q125 Von Mises Envelope
25000
95% TLE Load Points
20000
100% VME
LP15
LP16
LP14
LP17
15000 LP13
Quadrant LP18
2 Quadrant 1
10000 Internal Pressure + Compression Internal Pressure + Tension
LP19
Applied Pressure (psi)

LP12
5000

LP20
0 LP21 LP10

-5000

LP26
-10000
Quadrant 3 Quadrant 2
LP25
-15000 External Pressure
LP22
+ Compression
LP23 LP24 External Pressure + Tension
-20000

-25000
-2000 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Total Axial Load (kips)

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Types of Connections

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Definition of Connections
Category Feature
Non- Thread seal connection API
Premuim connections

Semi- Thread seal connection Hunting Boss

Premium with some extra GeoConn
features

Premium Connection with JFEBEAR

metal to metal Seal JFELION
VAM-TOP
VAM21
Tenaris Blue
Hydril 500

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Types of Connections

• API connections
– Threaded and coupled only – Limits on joint strength which
may be less than pipe body yield strength.
– Thread seal – Helical path sealed by lubricant is not
guaranteed to be gas tight
– No ratings for compression loads
– Eight round (8rd) has lower joint strength on casing sizes
but for upset (EUE) has joint strength equal to pipe body
– Buttress has higher joint strength than 8rd but lower
sealability
– API connections have higher stress levels compared to
shouldered premium joint (PJ) connections. This can lead
to thread galling and/or coupling failures under even mild
sour environments

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Types of Connections

• Premium connections
– Threaded and coupled – Normally equal to pipe body YS
– Integral flush or semi-flush for greater clearance
– Metal seals for gas tightness
– Torque shoulder adds seal energy and reduces hoop
stresses
– High bending and high compression up to pipe body
– Availability of dope elimination option
– High torque options
– Computer controlled make-up

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API Connections
In General, API connections are used more for surface casing,
intermediate casing, and for tubing or where pressures are lower.

API connections are readily available and can be repaired or get

accessories machined locally.

API connections are machined with wider tolerance ranges than

premium joint connections so actual performances are more
variable

In many cases, API connections have lower performance properties

for tension and internal pressure than the pipe body

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Premium Connections

Semi-Flush (SF) Flush (F)

Threaded and Coupled (T&C)
Stronger in tension and Lowest in tension and
Strongest in tension and
compression, Requires Compression, Requires least
Compression. Requires larger
less hole size, No couplings hole size, No couplings
hole size Mill make-up of couplings
required, Stress relieving Required, Stress relieving may
Collar elevators for lifting joints
Required, Special running be required, Special running tools
No stress relieve
tools (lift subs) (lift subs)
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Selection Criteria for Premium Joints

Premium connections are normally selected based on the
application and acceptable risks
▪Production casing and tubing
▪ Production tubing in gas wells with high internal pressure
and or critical fluids (H2S, CO2)
▪Metal seals provide positive gas sealing
▪ Streamlined or flush ID reduces turbulence (corrosion,
energy loss)
▪Production casing
▪ Must act as full back to production tubing in case of
tubing failure. Connections and materials must be able
to withstand tubing pressures and fluids
▪Casing and tubing for horizontal wells
▪Must be able to accommodate high bending angles (dog
legs)
▪Risk tolerance
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Parts of a Premium Joint

Thread area

Metal to Metal seals

Torque shoulders

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Semi-flush Premium Joint

Two or One thread External metal seal
sections for external pressure
Box is expanded only
and stress relieved

Center torque shoulder

Internal metal seal
for internal pressure Pin is slightly swaged
only

Pipe body internal and external pressure rating

Good clearance
Joint strength ~70% to 80%

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Flush Premium Joint

External metal seal External torque shoulder

for external
pressure only

Internal metal
Single thread section
seal for internal
pressure only
Pipe body internal and external pressure rating
Best clearance
Joint strength ~60% to 65%
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API vs. PREMIUM CONNECTIONS

Flush Semi-flush
API 8rd API BTC T&C Premium
Premium premium
Initial Cost

Gas sealing v v v

Tension v

External pressure v
v v
Bending v

High Torque v

Hoop stress level v

Compression v

Clearance v

v
Least attractive Most attractive

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Advantages of Premium Joints

1) Gas leak resistance

・In case of API connection (thread seal), dope trapped in the thread
gap acts as sealant against liquid such as water or oil
・But, gas has much smaller molecules than liquid, and easily
penetrate through trapped dope and cause leakage.
・To shut the gas pressure, metal to metal seal provided in Premium
Joint is required

2) Low hoop stress due to low thread interference

・Ordinary Premium Joint has thread interference half of API
connection because seal function at thread is not needed
・As result, low thread interference provides low hoop stress and
low risk of SSC.

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Field Running
Premium joints are manufactured extremely close tolerances
(+/- 0.002”) and rigorously tested and qualified. To ensure
reliable performance, they must be handled and run on location
according to manufacturers’ recommendations and with best
practices.

Remembering that each connection is a potential leak, several

key parameters need to be considered:

✓Proper transport to and handling at the rig site

✓ Manufacturers’ recommended thread compound
✓ Correct amounts of thread compound
✓ Appropriately sized and well maintained running equipment
✓ Torque turn make up control
✓ Knowledgeable personnel, manufacturer service reps
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Thread Compounds
▪ API Modified – Thread compounds according to API 5A3 Appendix A.
These compounds contain lead, copper, and other metals. API Modified
compounds are generally at least acceptable, if not preferred for
premium connections.
▪ “Green Dopes” – These are environmentally friendly thread compounds
that do not contain lead and many contain no metals at all and are
biodegradable. Teflon is commonly used in green dopes and
depending on the particle size and percentage by composition can be
detrimental to some premium metal seal connections.
▪ Dope-free – Since premium connections do not require thread
compounds for sealing, some vendors offer dope-free options.
▪ The connection manufacturer should be
contacted to determine the appropriate
thread compound and volumes to be used.
(More is not necessarily better).

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Key Elements for Successful Installation

Other key elements for field running/installation:
• Knowledgeable personnel – Highly recommended to have
manufacturer’s service reps on location
• Documented procedures- Review with running personnel
prior to start of job
• Proper running and handling equipment:
• Single joint or weight compensators for casing sizes
and chrome material
• Non-marking tong dies, slips, and elevators
• “Fluid Grips”
• Stabbing Guides
• Lifting subs for integral connections
• Computer make-up control

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Torque Turn Graphs

✓ Torque vs. Turns is required (torque
vs. time is not sufficient)
✓ Sufficient counts per revolution for
accuracy
✓ Calibrated equipment

Computer Screen

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Reading a Torque Turn Graph

Recommended Torque Range

Final Torque

DeltaTorque (Load
on Shoulder)
Shoulder Torque

Seal Torque

Thread Torque
DeltaTurns

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Repair of a Premium Joint

Thread area
SLIGHT DAMAGE MAY BE
REPAIRABLE

Metal to Metal seals

NO REPAIR OR DAMAGE
PERMITED

Torque shoulders
SLIGHT DAMAGE MAY BE
REPAIRABLE

ANY REPAIRS SHOULD ONLY BE MADE BY TRAINED SERVICE PERSONNEL

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Field Repair of Premium Joint

Damages, cuts, etc. across the metal seals create leak paths.
No field repair possible. Would not necessarily show up on make-
up graph.
REJECT

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Field Repair of Premium Joint

Seal galling across the metal seals create leak paths.

No field repair possible.
REJECT

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Field Repair of Premium Joint

It may be possible to perform field “repair” to premium joints:

• Threads and thread run-out area. Dressing of the threads may be possible but should
only be performed by manufacturer qualified and trained personnel.
• It may be possible to repair some mechanical damage to the torque shoulder area, but
again only by manufacturer qualified personnel.

The integrity of the entire string is only as good as each individual

connection. If there are doubts, then do not use questionable
connections.
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JFE Premium Connections Lineup

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JFEBEAR™ Connection Perfromance

・The performance level targeted for JFEBEAR:
・ISO13679 CAL4 2002
・Compression condition : 80% rating
・The applied size of JFEBEAR:
・Size : 2 3/8” ～ 9-5/8”
Internal
100％ VME Connection performance
Compression Pressure
Rating 80% With high sealablity
Tensile 100%
Tension
Efficiency
Compression 80%
Rating
Tension rating 100%
Internal Yield Same as Pipe
API Compression rating Pressure
Collapse Body
External
Pressure Collapse Same as Pipe
JFEBEAR 80%
pressure Body
JFEBEARTM connection rating envelope
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JFEBEAR™ Design Features

Thread form DESIGN ADVANTAGE

-5° • -5° Negative Load Flank • Superior bending capability
Angle on Threads due to hook threads

25°
• 25° Angle for Thread • Excellent stabbing performance
Stabbing Flank due to high stabbing flank angle

• Reduced Gap between • High compression rating and

Stabbing Flanks on the galling resistance due to
Pipe and Coupling Thread optimum gap between pin and
box stabbing flanks

• Contour metal to metal • Galling resistance due to

3°

15° seal between Pin and point seal type

3°
3°
Seal geometry Coupling
2 3/8”, 2 7/8” 8TPI
3 ½”, 4” 6TPI
4 ½” and above 5 TPI
Taper 1:16

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JFETIGER™

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JFE Premium Connections Lineup

・The performance level targeted for JFETIGER:
・ISO13679 CAL4 2002 and DIS2009
・Compression condition : 95% rating
・The applied size of JFETIGER :
・Size : 7”～9-7/8”

Internal
100％ VME
Compression Pressure Connection performance
Rating 95% With high sealablity
Tensile 100%
Tension Efficiency
Compression 95%
Rating
Tension rating 100% Internal Yield Same as Pipe
API Compression rating Pressure Body
Collapse External JFEBEAR 80%
Pressure Collapse Same as Pipe
JFETIGER 95%
pressure Body
JFETIGERTM connection rating envelope
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JFETIGER™ Design Features

Thread form
DESIGN ADVANTAGE
-5°
• Reduced Gap between • High Compression Rating
Stabbing Flanks on the of 95% Test Load
Pipe and Coupling Envelope
25° Thread

• Negative Load Flank • Gas Tight Sealing under

Angle on Threads Bending Load

• 25° Angle for Thread • Quick Make Up

Stabbing Flank

• Radial Metal to Metal • Tight Seal System

Seal between Pin and against Pressure
Coupling
17°
3°
• Excellently Improved • Highly Accomplished
Seal geometry Plating Technology Anti-Galling
Performance

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JFELION™

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JFELION™ Connection Performance

・The performance level targeted for JFELION:
・ISO13679 CAL4 2002, FDIS2011 and API 5C5
・Compression condition : 100% rating
・The applied size of JFELION :
・Size : 2-3/8”～14”

Internal Connection performance

Pressure 100％ VME With high sealablity
Compression
Rating 100% Tensile 100%
Efficiency
Compression Tension
Compression 100%
Rating
Compression rating Internal Yield Same as Pipe
JFEBEAR 80% Pressure Body
API Collapse
External JFETIGER 95% Collapse Same as Pipe
Pressure JFELION 100% pressure Body

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JFELION™ Connection Performance

DESIGN ADVANTAGE

Negative Load Flank Superior Sealability

-5°
Angle on Threads under Bending Load

Perpendicular Stabbing High Compression

Flank Angle on Thread Resistance
15°
and Shoulder Angle

Optimized Contact
Thread form Pressure Distribution Stable Sealability
on Seal Area by against Axial Movement
Complex Formed Seal

Excellently Improved Extremely Lowered

Plating Technology Anti-Galling Tendency

Widely Contacted Area

→ Stable Sealbility
High
Galling Tendency

Contact Pressure

10°(CSG)
Decreasing Peak Pressure
4.7°(CSG) → Lower Galling Tendency
Seal geometry JFELION Optimized
Low

Conventional
Contact Pressure

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JFELION™ HW

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JFELION™ HW Design Features

Thread form
ADVANTAGE

• Negative Load Flank Angle

-2°
・Superior Seal-ability
on Threads
under bending load
• 15°Angle for Thread
Stabbing Flank ・High Compression
15°
resistance
• Thread crests and roots
parallel to pipe axis ・Specifically designed
for heavy wall casing
• Thread taper based on pipe
thickness (1:6, 1:8)
・ Superior Seal-ability
with Ideal contact
pressure distribution
• Multi Radii Seal shape
3.0°

・Tight seal system for

10°

• Radial metal to metal seal large OD and High

between Pin and Coupling Grade
4.7°

Seal
geometry
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Selection Guidance JFELION™ HW

JFE will recommend appropriate JFELION HW according to the
requirement of casing design and external pressure from customers
0.18

0.16 ■ : LION HW6

◆ : LION HW8
t/D (=Wall Thickness /PIN OD)

0.14

0.12 JFELION HW6

0.10
JFELION HW8
0.08

0.06 JFELION HW10

0.04

0.02 Standard JFELION Product-line (1/16 Thread Taper)

0.00
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Pipe OD [inch]

This selection guidance is information purpose only, please contact JFETC

JFE connection design will be optimized due to the following design elements
- Size/ Wall thickness
- Limitation of CPLG OD and CPLG length
- External pressure and Tension/ Compression load required by customer
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JFE Premium Joints Overview

Comp.
Design and Concept Target
Rating
Good Stabbing and
High Compression Performance Long Seal Area

Robust Seal Design against Compressive Deformation

Radial Seal ISO13679
15deg (FDIS2011) 100%
2 3/8" ~ 14" 10deg CAL IV
Negative Angle
High Compression
Performance

Long Seal Area

Radial Seal
ISO13679
Negative Angle Easy Stabbing (DIS2009) 95%
7" ~ 10" CAL IV
17deg

Negative Angle Easy Stabbing

ISO13679
-5deg 25deg
Point Seal latest(2002)
≦7": CAL IV
80%
2-3/8”～9-5/8”
9 5/8":CAL II

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JFE Premium Joints Applications

TM
JFELION™ ClearRun

JFEBEAR™ ClearRun

JFEBEAR™ HT (*)

JFELION™ HW (*)
JFEBEAR™ SC
JFELION™ SC

JFETIGER™
JFEBEAR™
JFELION™
1 Drilling with Casing
2 High Pressure/High Temperature
3 High Torque
4 Extended Reach
5 High Bending
6 High Compression
7 Reduced Clearance
8 Dopeless
9 Geothermal/SAGD
10 Shale Applications
11 Heavy wall casing
(*) Please contact JFE-TC for specific recommendations.
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www.jfetc.com

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www.jfetc.com

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CDS Generator

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CDS Generator

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Connection Data Sheet

Size, weight,
grade, coupling
type and FF Material Yield Strength

Connection Dimensions

Colour code for

selected grade

Pipe Dimensions and Performances

Example torque Connection Performances

turn graph

Field Make-up Torque

Selected Bevel
is displayed

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www.jfetc.com

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Technical Documents

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Technical Documents

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Field Service Handbook

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Technical Documents

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Connection Testing

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JFE Connections America R&D Facility

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Connection Qualification – What is it?

• It is a process to
• qualify connections for a load envelope
• reduce risk of failure of the part in service
• Insure application performance
▪ Structural (Tension, compression,
bending, collapse)
▪ Sealability (internal, external)
• insure operational properties
▪ Make up torque
▪ Thread compound
▪ Running procedure
• minimize threat to People and Environment

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Why do we do it?

Failure costs Failure costs Failure is a

a lot of You and Me risk and
Money a lot of danger to
Money our health,
environment
, lively hood,
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History of Industry Test Protocol and JFE’s PJ

JFE has been providing own PJ corresponding to the latest test protocol
The latest connection test protocol is API 5C5 4th Edition - published in 2017

JFELIONTM
2-3/8”～ 14” 2019
Market in 2012

JFETIGERTM 2017
7”～ 9-7/8”
ISO 13679:2019
Market in 2011
2011
API 5C5 2017
ISO13679: FDIS2011
JFEBEARTM 2009
2-3/8”～ 9-5/8” ISO13679: DIS2009
Market in 1999
ISO13679: 2002
Petroleum and natural gas industries – Procedures
1999 for testing casing and tubing connections

FOXTM EXXON MOBIL (2001)

2-3/8”～ 13-3/8” 1984 NAM TEO/3 Connection Evaluation Program
Market in 1984 (1999)
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Type of Test Series in ISO 13679 & API 5C5

• Connection testing terminology
– TS-A Test Series A with all four quadrants, internal and external pressure,
25

tension and compression 20

Internal/External Pressure [ksi]

15

• Load path CCW-CW-CCW in all 4 quadrants 10

5
95% VME
100% VME
0 100% Collapse
90% Compression
-5
LS (90% Tension)
-10
-15
-20
-25
-2000 -1000 0 1000 2000
Axial Tensile/Compressive Load [klbf]

– TS-B Test Series B with Quadrants 1 and 2, internal pressure with tension
and compression
• Load path CCW-CW-CCW in Q1 and Q2

– TS-C Test Series C internal pressure and tension with temperatures cycled
from ambient to elevated

– LL Limit load test.

– Prescribed load paths taking the connection to failure loads
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Comparison Between ISO 13679 & API 5C5

Test Series A (TS-A) : Test Series B (TS-B) : Test Series C (TS-C) :
Tension/Compression + Tension/Compression + Tension + Internal Pressure +
Internal/External Pressure Internal Pressure + Bending Thermal Cycle
Internal Pressure Internal Pressure Internal Pressure

Compression Tension Compression Tension Compression Tension

External Pressure External Pressure External Pressure

Properties in Test Series Applied tests Cross section area

Protocol VME
TS-A TS-B TS-C for each sample for axial load
A or B or Calculated with
ISO13679:2002 95% Ambient Ambient
A→C or B→C Min. WT
Almost Calculated with
Ambient Ambient
API 5C5:2017 90%/ Equal Avg. WT
ISO 13679:2019
& & B→C→A
95% → about 5% increase
Elevated Elevated
of axial load
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Comparison Between ISO 13679 & API 5C5

ISO 13679 API 5C5 & ISO 2019
Specimen Specimen 1 Specimen 5

Machining
Tolerances

Thread/Seal XH/XL H/H

Interferences PS-BF PF-BS

Pin Taper/
Box Taper

A End MBG
7.2.2

Connection
Makeup A End FMU A End FMU
7.2.3 7.2.3
Thread Compound
Amount B End MBG B End MBG
7.2.2 7.2.2
Makeup Torque

B End FMU B End FMU

7.2.3 7.2.3

Connection Bake
Bake-out 7.3.2.3

TS-B in accordance with

7.3.4
Ba 80% (QI, QII)
Ba 95% (QI, QII, QI)
Beb 90% (QI, QII, QI)
Bab 90% (QI, QII, QI)

TS-C in accordance with

90% Level 7.3.5
Sealability Testing 10 Thermal Cycles
7.3.2.1 5 Mecanical Cycles

TS-A in accordance with

7.3.3
Ae 90% (QI, QII, QIII, QIV)
Ae 90% (QIV, QIII, QII, QI)
90% 5 QI-QIII Cycles
Aa 90% (QI, QII, QIII, QIV)
a
A 90% (QIV, QIII, QII, QI)

TS-A in accordance with

90% Level 7.3.3
Sealability Testing
Aa 95% (QI, QII, QIII, QIV)
7.3.2.1
Aa 95% (QIV, QIII, QII, QI)

LL5 LL3
Limit Load Testing 7.5.6 7.5.4
50% T + IP to Failure Tension to Failure

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Comparison Between ISO 13679 & API 5C5

20
< Conditions >
15
Internal/External Pressure [ksi]

(1) Size 5-1/2"×26#

10
YS SMYS 110 ksi
5
ISO13679：2002 AYS 110 ksi
0 ISO13679：FDIS2011
API 5C5：2017
WT Specified 0.476"
-5
Min. *) 0.452"
-10
Avg. 0.476"
-15
(3) (2) *) Min. WT is set as follows
-20
-1000 -500 0 500 1000 Min. WT = Specified WT×0.95
Axial Tensile/Compressive Load [klbf]
Key Load Points
(1) High risk of leakage with internal pressure
(2) High risk of leakage with external pressure
(3) High plastic deformation around seal area

Visit number at key point Axial

Protocol Pressure
(1) (2) (3) Load
ISO13679:2002 5 3 3 Base Base
API 5C5:2017 17 6 11 Equivalent Equivalent

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Testing Specifics

Chamber
Pipe for external pressure
Coupling Equivalent to
Internal 100% PBYS
Tension/
Compression Pressure

Q2 Q1
Compression Tension
Q3 Q4

End cap for connecting API

sample with Test frame Hydraulic jack for bending External
Test frame Collapse
Pressure
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TS-A Ambient Set-Up

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TS-A Elevated Set-Up

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TS-B and C Elevated Set-Up

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Limit Load Test

Internal Pressure External Pressure

to Failure to Failure

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Product Line Concept
JFELION sealability performance is proven by Product-line concept, well approved
by the major oil companies.
[Product-line concept]
1. ISO 13679 2002/FDIS2011 physical seal test on max/min WT with standard OD
2. FEA evaluation for all dimensions between max/min WT with 80 to 125ksi

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Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
FEA is used to analyze new designs, save costs for physical
testing, interpolate or extrapolate from tested geometries.

Connection is modeled as 2D axisymmetric mesh

Using actual material properties,

loads are applied and connection
response/performance is analyzed
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Product Line Concept
The contact pressure and the associated length of the seal are obtained
from the finite element analysis (FEA) for each load point. A composite
number is calculated by integrating the contact pressure over the active
seal length. The resulting value is then termed seal energy with units
expressed in ksi-inch, see figure below for seal energy methodology.

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Testing Overview
Performing full scale ISO, API or customer specific connection
tests are costly and time consuming.
• Samples are manufactured to extreme worst case tolerances
within the connection design
• Make and break testing and final make-ups validate anti
galling
• Sealability tests are performed on full scale specimens with
tension, compression, bending, internal and external
pressures
• ISO 2002 tests take 2 to 3 months for CAL IV and cost from
$300K to $750K depending on size
• API 5C5:2017 & ISO 13679:2019 tests take 4 to 6 months and
cost from $500K to $1,500K

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Thank you for your attention

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