Applied Maths –IV Lab

ETCS-211

Faculty Name: pankaj Sir Student Name: Abhinav gupta

Roll No.: 00314802718

Group: 4C-1

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Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, PSP Area,

Sector – 22, Rohini, New Delhi – 110085

Applied Maths - IV

Practical Record

PAPER CODE : ETCS-211

Name of the student : ABHINAV GUPTA
University Roll No. : 00314802718
Branch : CSE
Group : C-1

PRACTICAL DETAILS

• Experiments according to data structure lab syllabus prescribed by GGSIPU

•

Exp. No. Experiment Name Date of Date of Remarks Marks

performance checking (10)
1.a Write a program to perform
addition of two matrices
1.b Write a program to perform
multiplication of two
matrices
1.c Write a program to find
transpose of a matrix
2. Write a program to find
inverse of a matrix using
Gauss Jordan Method
3. Write a program to find
Eigen Values and Eigen
Vectors of a given 2*2
matrix
4. Write a program to find
mean, standard deviation
and first r moments about
mean of given grouped data
5.a To fit a straight line for
given n pairs of values (x,y)
5.b To fit a straight line for
given n pairs of values (x,y)
6.a Write a program to plot unit
step function
6.b Write a program to plot a
square wave function.
7.a Write a program to find
solution of a non-linear
equation using Bisection
method
7.b Write a program to find
solution of an non-linear
equation using Newton -
Raphson method
8.a Write a program to evaluate
a definite integral using
Trapezoidal rule
8.b Write a program to evaluate
a definite integral using
Simpson’s one third rule
8.c Write a program to evaluate
a definite integral using
Simpson’s three eighth rule
9. Write a program to find the
initial value problem using
Euler’s method
10. Write a program to find the
solution of initial value
using Runge-Kutta method
of fourth order

Experiment – 1a

Aim – Write a program to perform addition of two matrices

//matrixaddition
m=input('Enter The Number Of Rows:')
n=input('Enter The Number Of Columns:')
A=zeros(m,n)
B=zeros(m,n)
C=zeros(m,n)
disp('Enter the elements of first matrix row wise:')
for i=1:m
for j=1:n
A(i,j)=input('')
end
end
disp('Enter the elements of second matrix row wise')
for i=1:m
for j=1:n
B(i,j)=input('')
end
end
for i=1:m
for j=1:n
C(i,j)=A(i,j)+B(i,j)
end
end
disp('First Matrix==>')
disp(A)
disp('Second Matrix==>')
disp(B)
disp('Sum Of Above Two Matrices==>')
disp(C)

OUTPUT:
 Experiment – 1b

Aim – Write a program to perform multiplication of two matrices

//matrix multiplication
m=input('Enter The Number Of Rows:')
n=input('Enter The Number Of Columns:')
A=zeros(m,n)
B=zeros(m,n)
C=zeros(m,n)
disp('Enter the elements of first matrix row wise:')
for i=1:m
for j=1:n
A(i,j)=input('')
end
end
disp('Enter the elements of second matrix row wise')
for i=1:m
for j=1:n
B(i,j)=input('')
end
end
C=A*B
disp('First Matrix==>')
disp(A)
disp('Second Matrix==>')
disp(B)
disp('Product Of Above Two Matrices==>')
disp(C)

OUTPUT:
 Experiment – 1c

Aim – Write a program to find transpose of a matrix

//matrix transpose
m=input('Enter The Number Of Rows:')
n=input('Enter The Number Of Columns:')
A=zeros(m,n)
B=zeros(m,n)
disp('Enter the elements of first matrix row wise:')
for i=1:m
for j=1:n
A(i,j)=input('')
end
end
B=A'
disp('Matrix==>')
disp(A)
disp('Transpose Of The Matrix==>')
disp(B)
OUTPUT:

Experiment – 2

Aim – Write a program to find inverse of a matrix using Gauss Jordan Method

//Program to find inverse of any 3 by 3 matrix by Gauss Jordan Method

clc;
clear;
close;
function[B]=matinv(A)
    B=eye(3,3);
    disp('The given matrix A is==>')
    disp(A)
    if(det(A)==0) then
        disp('Matrix A is singular, Inverse does not exist')
        abort
    end
    aug=[A,B];
    if(aug(1,1)==0 &aug(2,1)~=0) then
        C(1,:)=aug(1,:);
        aug(1,:)=aug(2,:);
        aug(2,:)=C(1,:);
    elseif(aug(1,1)==0 &aug(3,1)~=0)
        C(1,:)=aug(1,:);
        aug(1,:)=aug(3,:);
        aug(3,:)=C(1,:);
    end
    aug(1,:)=aug(1,:)/aug(1,1);
    aug(2,:)=aug(2,:)-aug(2,1)*aug(1,:);
    aug(3,:)=aug(3,:)-aug(3,1)*aug(1,:);
    if(aug(2,2)==0)
        C(2,:)=aug(2,:);
        aug(2,:)=aug(3,:);
        aug(3,:)=C(2,:);
    end
    aug(2,:)=aug(2,:)/aug(2,2);
    aug(1,:)=aug(1,:)-aug(1,2)*aug(2,:);
    aug(3,:)=aug(3,:)-aug(3,2)*aug(2,:);
    aug(3,:)=aug(3,:)/aug(3,3);
    aug(1,:)=aug(1,:)-aug(1,3)*aug(3,:);
    aug(2,:)=aug(2,:)-aug(2,3)*aug(3,:);
    aug(:,1:3)=[]
    B=aug(:,1:3);
    disp('The inverse of given matrix is==>')
endfunction

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 3

Aim – Write a program to find Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors of a given 2*2 matrix

//Eigen values and Eigen vectors

clc;
disp('Enter the matrix:')
for i=1:2
for j=1:2
A(i,j)=input('\');
end
end
b=A(1,1)+A(2,2);
c=A(1,1)*A(2,2)-A(1,2)*A(2,1);
disp('The characteristic equation is:')
disp(['e^2+' string(-b) '*e+' string(c) '=0'])
e1=(b+sqrt(b^2-4*c))/2;
e2=(b-sqrt(b^2-4*c))/2;
if A(1,2)~=0 then
v1=[A(1,2);e1-A(1,1)];
v2=[A(1,2);e2-A(1,1)];
else if A(2,1)~=0
v1=[e1-A(2,2);A(2,1)];
v2=[e2-A(1,2);A(2,1)];
else
v1=[1;0];
v2=[0;1];
end
end
disp('First Eigen value is:');
disp(e1);
disp('First Eigen vector is:');
disp(v1);
disp('Second Eigen value is:');
disp(e2);
disp('Second Eigen vector is:');
disp(v2);

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 4

Aim – Write a program to find mean, standard deviation and first r moments about mean of
given grouped data.

//Program to find mean, standard deviation and first r moments about mean of
//given grouped data
clc;
n=input('Enter the number of observations:');
disp('Enter the values of xi==>');
for i=1:n
x(i)=input('\');
end;
disp('Enter thecorresponding frequencies fi==>');
sum3=0;
for i=1:n
f(i)=input('\');
sum3=sum3+f(i);
end;
r=input('Enter the number of moments to be caculated:');
sum1=0;
for i=1:n
sum1=sum1+f(i)*x(i);
end;
A=sum1/sum3; //calculation of mean
printf('Mean=%f\n',A);
for j=1:r
sum2=0;
for i=1:n
y(i)=f(i)*(x(i)-A)^j;
sum2=sum2+y(i);
end;
M(j)=(sum2/sum3); //calculation of moments
printf('Moment about mean M(%d)=%f\n',j,M(j));
end;
sd=sqrt(M(2)); //calculation of standard deviation
printf('Standard deviation:%f\n',sd);

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 5a

Aim – To fit a straight line for given n pairs of values (x,y)

//Program of straight line fitting for n given pairs of values
clc;
clear;
close;
n=input('Enter the number of pairs of input(x,y):');
s1=0;
s2=0;
s3=0;
s4=0;
disp('Enter the values of x:')
for i=1:n
x(i)=input('\');
s1=s1+x(i);
s2=s2+x(i)*x(i);
end
disp('Enter coressponding values of y:')
for i=1:n
y(i)=input('\');
s3=s3+y(i);
end
for i=1:n
s4=s4+x(i)*y(i);
end
m=(s1*s3-n*s4)/(s1*s1-n*s2);
c=(s1*s4-s2*s3)/(s1*s1-n*s2);
printf('The fitted line is y=%gx+(%g)',m,c)

OUTPUT:
 Experiment – 6a

Aim – Write a program to plot unit step function

//Program to plot unit step function

clc;
clear;
close;
x=[-1 -2 -3 -4 -5 0 1 2 3 4 5];
y=[0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1];
plot(x,y,'ko');

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 6b

Aim – Write a program to plot a square wave function.

//Program to generate a square wave

clc;
clear;
close;
x=[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];
y=[5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0];
plot2d2(x,y);

Experiment – 7a

Aim – Write a program to find solution of a non-linear equation using Bisection method
//Bisection Method
clc;
clear;
close;
deff('y=f(x)','y=x^3-4*x-9')
x1=2;
x2=3;
e=0.001;
i=0;
printf('f(x)=x^3-4*x-9\n')
printf('Iteration\tx1\t\tx2\t\tz\t\tf(z)\n')
while abs(x1-x2)>2*e
z=(x1+x2)/2
printf(' %i\t\t%f\t%f\t%f\t%f\n',i,x1,x2,z,f(z))
if f(z)*f(x1)>0
x1=z
else
x2=z
end
i=i+1
end
printf('\n\nThe solution of f(x) is %g after %i iterations',z,i-1)

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 7b

Aim – Write a program to find solution of an non-linear equation using Newton - Raphson
method
//Newton-Raphson Method
clc;
clear;
close;
deff('x=f(x)','x=cos(x)-x*exp(x)')
deff('x=f1(x)','x=-sin(x)-(x+1)*exp(x)')
x0=0.5;
e=0.00001;
printf('\nf(x)=cos(x)-x*exp(x)')
printf('\nf1(x)=-sin(x)-(x+1)*exp(x)\n')
printf(' n\t xn\t\t f(xn)\t\t f1(xn)\t\t xn+1\t\t Error\n\n')
for i=1:4
x1=x0-f(x0)/f1(x0)
e1=abs(x0-x1)
printf(' %i\t%f\t%f\t%f\t%f\t%f\n',i-1,x0,f(x0),f1(x0),x1,e1)
x0=x1;
if(e1<e)
break;
end
end
printf( '\nThe solution of f(x) after %i iterations is %f',i,x1)

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 8a

Aim – Write a program to evaluate a definite integral using Trapezoidal rule

//Program to find value of integral using Trapezoidal rule

clc;
clear;
close;
deff('y=f(x)','y=1/(1+x^2)')
x0=0;
xn=6;
n=6;
h=(xn-x0)/n;
s=0;
for i=1:n
s=s+f(x0+(i-1)*h)+f(x0+i*h);
end
integral=(h*s)/2;
printf('\nThe value of integral is=%g\n',integral)
OUTPUT:

Experiment – 8b

Aim – Write a program to evaluate a definite integral using Simpson’s one third rule

//Program to find value of integral using Simpson's one third rule

clc;
clear;
close;
deff('y=f(x)','y=sin(x)')
x0=0;
xn=%pi;
n=10; //n should be even
h=(xn-x0)/n;
s=0;
for i=1:2:n
s=s+f(x0+(i-1)*h)+4*f(x0+i*h)+f(x0+(i+1)*h);
end
integral=(h*s)/3;
printf('\nThe value of integral is=%g\n',integral)

OUTPUT:
 Experiment – 8c

Aim – Write a program to evaluate a definite integral using Simpson’s three eighth rule

//Program to find value of integral using Simpson's three eighth rule

clc;
clear;
close;
deff('y=f(x)','y=1/(1+x^2)')
x0=0;
xn=6;
n=6; //n should be a multiple of three
h=(xn-x0)/n;
s=0;
for i=1:3:n
s=s+f(x0+(i-1)*h)+3*f(x0+i*h)+3*f(x0+(i+1)*h)+f(x0+(i+2)*h);
end
integral=(3*h*s)/8;
printf('\nThe value of integral is=%g\n',integral)

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 9
Aim – Write a program to find the initial value problem using Euler’s method

//Program to solve the equation y'=f(x,y); y(x0)=0 for y(xn) using Euler's
//method
clc;
clear;
close;
deff('z=f(x,y)','z=(y-x)/(y+x)')
x0=0;
y0=1;
xn=0.1;
h=0.02;
x=x0;
y=y0;
while x~=xn
y=y+h*f(x,y);
x=x+h;
printf('\nWhen x=%g,y=%g\n',x,y);
end

OUTPUT:

Experiment – 10

Aim – Write a program to find the solution of initial value using Runge-Kutta method of fourth
order

//Program to solve the equation y'=f(x,y);y(x0)=y0 for y(xn) using Runge-Kutta

//method of fourth order
clc;
clear;
close;
deff('z=f(x,y)','z=x*x-y')
x0=0;
y0=1;
xn=0.2;
h=0.1;
x=x0;
y=y0;
while x~=xn
k1=h*f(x,y);
k2=h*f(x+h/2,y+k1/2);
k3=h*f(x+h/2,y+k2/2);
k4=h*f(x+h,y+k3);
k=(k1+(k2+k3)*2+k4)/6;
x=x+h;
y=y+k;
printf('\nWhen x=%g,y=%g\n',x,y)
end

OUTPUT: