SHREE MOUNI VIDYAPEETH’S

INSTITUTE OF CIVIL AND RURAL ENGINEERING

MURLIDHAR NAGAR, GARGOTI- 416209

DIST- KOLHAPUR

A
MICRO PROJECT REPORT
ON

“THE IMPACT STUDY OF VEHICULAR

POLLUTION ON ENVIRONMENT”
SUBJECT :- PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING (22504)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

PROF. PATIL P. G.

DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

 YEAR 2020-2021
SHREE MOUNI VIDYAPEETH’S

INSTITUTE OF CIVIL AND RUAL ENGINEERING

GARGOTI - 416209

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. ………………………………………Roll No………… of fifth
semester of diploma in civil engineering of Institute of civil and rural engineering Gargoti,(0012) has
completed the micro project work satisfactorily in course Civil Engineering for the subject Public
Health Engineering (22504) in academic year 2020-2021 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Enrollment No -: ………………

Date -: ………………. Exam Seat No -: ………………

Place -: Gargoti
 Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal

SHREE MOUNI VIDYAPEETH’S

INSTITUTE OF CIVIL AND RURAL ENGINEERING

MURLIDHAR NAGAR, GARGOTI- 416209

DIST- KOLHAPUR

CERTIFICATE
This is to be verified that following student,

SR.NO ENROLLMENT
NAME ROLL NO
. NO
MHADGUT NAMPRASAD 06 1600120153
1.
PRAVIN
ALAVEKAR PRAMOD PRADIP 07 1700120009
2.
DESAI JANARDAN DATTATRAY 08 1700120012
3.
BOKKA SURYAPRAKASH 09 1700120017
4.
SHRINIVASRAO
MALAGE VAIBHAV VIJAY 10 1700120039
5.

OF THIRD YEAR CIVIL ENGINEERING HAVING COMPLETED THE

GROUP MICRO PROJECT WORK ON
 “THE IMPACT STUDY OF VEHICULAR
POLLUTION ON ENVIRONMENT”

DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

YEAR 2020-2021

ACTION PLAN
Name of Responsible
Sr. No Details Of Activity Plan Conducted Week
Group Members
Fixed the micro project
01. Dec. 1st week All
title
02. Finalizing Project Format Dec.3rd week 07,08
03. Collected Resources Dec.4th week 07,08,10
Categorizing in Formation
04. Jan.1st week 06,08,09,10
in proper manner
05. Typing of Project Jan.2nd week 07,08
06. Finished the micro-project Jan.4th week All

RESOURCES REQUIRED

SR.NO NAME OF RESOURCES REQUIRED Specification

1. Internet Net Cafe
2. Public Health Engineering Text Book
3. Web Site WWW.CIVILWORKS.COM
Brief Description :-

Vehicular pollution is the introduction of harmful

material into the environment by motor vehicles. These
materials, known as pollutants, have several bad effects on
human health and the ecosystem. Transportation is a major
source of air pollution in many countries around the world
due to the high number of vehicles that are available on the
roads today.

Aim of Micro Project :-

1. To analysis the Air Pollution
2. To determine causes and also remedies on pollution

Actual Procedure followed :-

 Fixed the micro project title

 Finalizing Project Format
 Collected Resources
 Categorizing in Formation in proper manner
 Typing of Project
 Finished the micro-project
 INDEX

SR. CONTENT PAGE

NO. NO.
1. INTRODUCTION
2. INGREDIENTS OF VEHICULAR
POLLUTION
3. CAUSES OF VEHICULAR POLLUTION
4. HOW TO REDUCE AIR POLLUTION
5. ZERO EMISSION VEHICLE
6. REDUCING DRIVING
7. PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS
8. CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

The large majority of today's cars and trucks travel by

using internal combustion engines that burn gasoline or
other fossil fuels. The process of burning gasoline to power
cars and trucks contributes to air pollution by releasing a
variety of emissions into the atmosphere. Emissions that are
released directly into the atmosphere from the tailpipes of
cars and trucks are the primary source of vehicular pollution.
But motor vehicles also pollute the air during the processes
of manufacturing, refueling, and from the emissions
associated with oil refining and distribution of the fuel they
burn.
Primary pollution from motor vehicles is pollution that is
emitted directly into the atmosphere, whereas secondary
pollution results from chemical reactions between pollutants
after they have been released into the air.
Ingredients of Vehicular Pollution :-
The following are the major pollutants
associated with motor vehicles:
1. Ozone :-
The primy ingredient in urban smog, ozone is created
when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides—both of which are
chemicals released by automobile fuel combustion—react
with sunlight. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere, at
the ground level ozone can irritate the respiratory system,
causing coughing, choking, and reduced lung capacity.

2. Particulate matter :-
These particles of soot, metals, and pollen give smog its
murky colour. Among vehicular pollution, fine particles pose
the most serious threat to human health by penetrating deep
into lungs.

3. Nitrogen oxides :-
These vehicular pollutants can cause lung irritation and
weaken the body's defenses against respiratory infections
such as pneumonia and influenza. In addition, they assist in
the formation of ozone and particulate matter.

4. Carbon monoxide :-
This odourless, colourless gas is formed by the
combustion of fossil fuels such as gasoline. Cars and trucks
are the source of nearly two-thirds of this pollutant. When
inhaled, CO blocks the transport of oxygen to the brain,
heart, and other vital organs in the human body. Newborn
children and people with chronic illnesses are especially
susceptible to the effects of Carbon Monoxide.

Causes of Vehicular Pollution :-

The main cause of vehicular pollution is the rapidly
growing number of vehicles. The other factors of vehicular
pollution in the urban areas are 2-stroke engines, poor fuel
quality, old vehicles, inadequate maintenance, congested
traffic, poor road condition .

some of the consequences of pollution :-

 Global warming :-
Emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere leads
to depletion of the ozone layer and this causes global
warming. The result of this is adverse weather that more
often than not results in loss of life and property.
  Poor quality of air :-
There are countries where the quality of air is so poor
that people wear masks to reduce the amounts of harmful
substances inhaled. This is not something to smile about
because aside from the fact that you have to walk around
with a mask all day, which is not comfortable, there is also
the possibility of health complications.

 Health :-

These pollutants can lead to lung infection and cancer.

As we know, hydrocarbons are not very good for human
health. They can cause heart disease, aggravate asthma,
damage the central nervous system and make breathing
difficult.
How do roads contribute to pollution :-
Roads are a large contributor to nonpoint pollution in
Lake Champlain. Water can not penetrate the surface of a
paved road or parking lot and instead travels along the
surface as runoff. After it rains or the snow melts, urban
runoff travels over the streets of Burlington picking up a
variety of pollutants until it finally reaches Lake Champlain.
These pollutants include sediments, heavy metals, oil, grease,
debris, fertilizer, pesticides, herbicides, road salts, and pet
wastes. Particulate matter and heavy metals come from
exhaust, break pads, tire and asphalt ware, drips of oil,
grease, anti-freeze, hydraulic fluids, and cleaning agents.

How to reduce air pollution from cars and

trucks :-
From walking to work to carpooling, there are lots of
ways you can reduce your impact.

Burn less fuel :-

1) Next time you purchase a vehicle, buy the most fuel
efficient vehicle that meets your average daily needs,
preferably one that is rated at 32 MPG or more.
2) If you have more than one vehicle, use the most fuel
efficient one possible.
 3) Minimize driving by working and playing closer to
home.
4) Telecommunicate (working from a home-based
location via phone or Internet) to reduce driving.

Burn fuel cleaner :-

1) Keep your vehicle well-tuned and tires inflated properly
to reduce exhaust emissions.
2) Combine errands into one trip — cars pollute less when
they are warmed up.
3) If you purchase a new car, look for a low emission
vehicle or LEV (see under-hood sticker).

Burn cleaner fuel :-

1) Low-sulfur gasoline (available in the Twin Cities) reduces
pollutants by 10-15%.
2) Other alternative transportation fuels such as natural
gas a bio-diesel are most practical for fleets of vehicles.

Zero-Emission Vehicles :-
As more cars and trucks are sold and total annual
mileage increases, improving pollution-control technology
and burning less fuel continues to be vital, especially in
rapidly growing urban areas. However, eliminating emissions
from the tailpipe goes even further to cut down on harmful
air pollutants.
Hydrogen fuel-cell and electric vehicles move away from
burning fuel and use electrochemical processes instead to
produce the needed energy to drive a car down the road.
Fuel-cell vehicles run on electricity that is produced directly
from the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. The only by
product is water—which is why fuel-cell cars and trucks are
called zero-emission vehicles. Electric vehicles store energy in
an onboard battery, emitting nothing from the tailpipe.

Reducing Driving :-
Because we are still dependent on fossil fuels and the
number of cars on the road is expected to double, a
significant reduction in vehicular pollution requires more
than gains in fuel efficiency. Measures that encourage us to
drive less can help curb vehicular pollution and protect
natural resources and public health.
  providing transportation alternatives to cars, including
mass transit, bicycle, and pedestrian routes.
 promoting transit-oriented, compact developments in
and around cities and towns; and adopting policies to
improve existing roads and infrastructure.

Personal Contributions :-
Individuals can also make a difference in the effort to
reduce pollution from cars and trucks. How we drive and how
we take care of our vehicles affects fuel economy and
pollution emissions. The following are several ways people
can reduce the harmful environmental impact of cars.
 Driving as little as possible is the best way to reduce
the harmful environmental impact of
transportation needs. Carpooling, mass transit,
biking, and walking are ways to limit the number of
miles we drive. Choosing a place to live that
reduces the need to drive is another way.
 Driving moderately and avoiding high-speed driving
and frequent stopping and starting can reduce both
fuel use and pollutant emissions.
 Keeping tires properly inflated saves fuel by
reducing the amount of drag a car's engine must
overcome.
 During warm periods with strong sunlight, parking
in the shade keeps a car cooler and can minimize
the evaporation of fuel.
 CONCLUSION

By making these micro project, We know the impact

study of vehicular pollution on environment and know the
ingredients of air pollution. And know causes of vehicular
pollution, and know about how to reduce vehicular pollution
of environment.