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EDU 604 Comparative Education

Assignment Questions
Question 1

Write a comprehensive note on the formal education system (primary and secondary level 1-
10grades) and its benefits

Formal Education

Formal education is the education which takes place in institutions, may be its vocational, school
or higher education.

Formal education is education normally delivered by trained teachers in a systematic intentional

way within a school, higher education or university.

Formal education or formal learning usually takes place in the premises of the school, where a
person may learn basic, academic, or trade skills. Small children often attend a nursery or
kindergarten but often formal education begins in elementary school and continues with
secondary school.

The formal education is given by specially qualified teachers they are supposed to be efficient in
the art of instruction. It also observes strict discipline. The student and the teacher both are aware
of the facts and engage themselves in the process of education.

Examples of Formal Education

 Learning in a classroom
 School grading/certification, college, and university degrees
 Planned education of different subjects having a proper syllabus acquired by attending
the institution.

Characteristics of Formal Education

 Formal education is structured hierarchically.

 It is planned and deliberate.
 Scheduled fees are paid regularly.
 It has a chronological grading system.
 It has a syllabus and subject-oriented. The syllabus has to be covered within a specific
time period.
 The child is taught by the teachers

Advantages of Formal Education

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 An organized educational model and up to date course contents.

 Students acquire knowledge from trained and professional teachers.
 Structured and systematic learning process.
 Intermediate and final assessments are ensured to advance students to the next learning
phase.
 Institutions are managerially and physically organized.
 Leads to a formally recognized certificate.
 Easy access to jobs.

Disadvantages of Formal Education

 Sometimes, brilliant students are bored due to the long wait for the expiry of the
academic session to promote to the next stage
 Chance of bad habits’ adoption may be alarming due to the presence of both good and
bad students in the classroom
 Wastage of time as some lazy students may fail to learn properly in spite of motivation by
the professional trainers.
 Some unprofessional and non-standard education system may cause the wastage of time
and money of the students which leads to the disappointment from formal education and
argue them to go for non-formal education.
 Costly and rigid education as compare to other forms of learning

Rubrics Total 10 marks

Level of Achievement Criteria

Exemplary Effectively explain formal education system. Effectively
10 points (8-10 marks) explains description of formal educational institution.
Benefits of formal education are described with
comprehensive detail. Answer is free from grammatical
errors.
Satisfactory Description of formal education is not up to mark. Less description
6 points (4-6 marks) of formal educational institution is given. Few benefits of formal
education are discussed. (7-8) Few grammatical errors in the
answer (2-4).
Incomplete Answer of student does not make sense. Formal education system
3 points (1-3 marks) is not properly described. Only names of formal educational
institution are given without any description. Very few or no
benefits of formal educational system are described. Student does
not shows accurate understanding of question. Answer is full of
grammatical errors
No answer
0 points

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Question 2

Explain in detail how the quality of education can be improved in Pakistan.

“Education is a matter of life and death for Pakistan. The world is progressing so rapidly that
without requisite advance in education, not only shall we lag behind others but may be wiped out
altogether.” Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah

As Pakistan is an under developed country, Education is Extremely important for its Children
and youngsters as well.

We are watching that standard of Education system in Pakistan is worst of its kind and if it will
not change, Economy of Pakistan will go down daily and Pakistan cannot become Fully
developed country until the System and structure of Education is improved or totally changed.

Strategies for the Improvement in the quality of education in Pakistan

Change the system

Govt. have to take specific steps to end cramming system in education from Govt. as well as
Private sector and implement system of practical work, so that every student can gain more
knowledge by doing research on that specific topic or subject, unlike “Ratta” (cramming) system
where student have to memorize everything for short period of time which Teacher gives
him/her.

Equality and Quality in Syllabus

We are facing many problems in our educational system due to different courses in different
boards and Provinces. At first Govt. should implement same course and syllabus in all provinces
and Boards to make sure that everyone gets same education.

Secondly Govt should order Private as well as govt. schools and colleges to implement one
syllabus in classes and there should be no double standards like implementing Oxford’s books in
private sectors and Implementing Text Board’s books in Govt. sectors.

Training for Teachers

Govt. should implement higher standards for choosing Teachers (i.e: at least M. Phil teachers) to
make sure that they are teaching according to some standards.

At least one Teachers Training session should be held in every six months where professionals
should teach some better ways to teachers for teaching. In this way we can get more
concentration on improvement of teaching methods.

Career Counseling
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Today biggest problem in Pakistan is that student doesn’t know what to do next in his life so he
goes to undirected path and fails in life. There should be people for career counseling of children
so that they could get to know that what they have to do in future. These people should be
appointed in both Govt. and private sectors. Parents should also understand what a child wants to
do in life and they should not impose their decisions on children.

Provide transport for children and teachers

Lack of safe transportation is a major factor in teacher absenteeism and fatigue. It also affects
children’s attendance. School van transport is a valuable perk for our teachers.

Identify why children are not in school

The biggest factor is economic constraints, and the fact that kids often need to choose between
work and school. In an ideal world, we would be able to demonstrate the link between schools
and future earnings. We need to get better at promoting the value of education to parents and
children.

Set universal minimum standards for schools

Currently, you see a school under a tree with two teachers in one place but a primary school with
a huge building and many teachers in another place - the same is the case for curriculum,
teachers’ qualifications and examinations. Government, community and private schools should
have to adhere to the same basic principles.

Mobilize parents

For girls, parents are the biggest impediment to their education. More than half of girls who are
out of school lack either parental consent or ability to pay schools fees. We need to advocate
more for parents to get involved with community schools – whether they are on the management
committee, or helping with the building, financing or security at their child’s school.

Get the private sector to offer more scholarships

The government could provide private schools with attractive packages such as cheaper utility
bills in return for them making at least 10% of their places available for free to poor students.
This could be especially effective in areas government schools have failed to reach.

Make provisions for children with special needs

I think we always neglect the children with special needs and their education in our society. As
minister for special education, I came out with a national plan of action for people with
disabilities and the most vital element was inclusive education.

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Rubrics’ Total 10 marks

Level of Achievement Criteria

Exemplary Effectively explain the solutions for improving quality of
10 points (8-10 marks) education in Pakistan (10 points). Solutions given are of
practical nature. Answer is free from grammatical errors.
Satisfactory Solutions given for improving the quality of education are not up
6 points (4-6 marks) to mark(6 points) Less description of solution is given. Few
grammatical errors in the answer (2-4).
Incomplete Answer of student does not make sense. Very few solutions are
3 points (1-3 marks) given without or with very less description(3 points). Student does
not shows accurate understanding of question. Answer is full of
grammatical errors
No answer
0 points

I can solve your Grand Quizzes with excellent Marks in a very Affordable Price
WhatsApp: - +92-345-3282256