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M.E.S Indian School, Doha - Qatar Notes 2020-2021

The document summarizes a lesson on resources and development in India. It discusses India's land relief features, factors affecting land use patterns, the dominant land use, percentage of forest cover, reasons for low forest increase, human activities that degrade land, and steps to address land degradation. It also covers factors responsible for soil formation.

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116 views

M.E.S Indian School, Doha - Qatar Notes 2020-2021

The document summarizes a lesson on resources and development in India. It discusses India's land relief features, factors affecting land use patterns, the dominant land use, percentage of forest cover, reasons for low forest increase, human activities that degrade land, and steps to address land degradation. It also covers factors responsible for soil formation.

Uploaded by

Nirenjhena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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M.E.

S INDIAN SCHOOL, DOHA -QATAR


Notes 2020- 2021

Section : Boys`& Girls` Date : 24/03/2020


Class &Div. :X (All Divisions ) Subject: Social Science
Lesson / Topic: Resources and Development
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1. What are the main advantages of India`s land under a variety of relief features?
Ans, India has land under a variety of relief features, namely: mountain, plateaus, plains and
islands.
About 43 per cent of the land area is plain, which provides facilities for agriculture and
industry
Mountains account for 30 percent of the total surface area. They ensure perennial flow of some
rivers; provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects
About 27 percent of the land area is plateau. It possesses reserves of minerals, fossils fuels and
forests
2. Define the term land use pattern. Mention two factors affecting it
Land use pattern refers to the data on land utilization of a country for a given period. The
factors affecting land use pattern are:-
Topography
Climate
Soil type
3. Study the given pie chart and answer the following questions

F 061, Rev 01, dtd10th March 2020


*Which is the most dominant land use of India? Write its %
*How much is the % of forest in India? Give one reason
Ans, *The most dominant land use is Net Sown Area which is about 43.41%
The percentage of forest is about 22.57%. The percentage of forest is low due to increasing
pressure of population on land
4. Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much
since 1960-61?
The present land use pattern in India for the year 2000-03 is as follows:
Forest 22.5%
Area under non agricultural use 7.92%
Barren and wasteland 6.29%
Permanent pastures and grazing lands 3.45%

Area under miscellaneous tree crops 1.1%


Cultivable waste 4.4%
Follow other than current fallow 3.82%
Current follow 7.03%
Net sown Area 43.4%

F 061, Rev 01, dtd10th March 2020


Forest area has increased marginally from 18% in 1960-61 to 22% in 2000-2003. This is
mainly due to increasing pressure of population on land. Land is a fixed asset. The ever
increasing population has resulted in increased demand for land for various purposes like
agriculture and other nonagricultural purposes. Hence it has increased marginally by 4% only
5. Explain any three human activities which degrade the land
Ans. Human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, mining and quarrying too have
contributed significantly in land degradation
 Mining sites are abandoned after excavation, making the land unfit for cultivation or other
activities
 In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. Overgrazing is one of
the main reasons for land degradation
 In the states of Punjab, Haryana western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for
land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity of the soil
 The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and
soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere.
6. Explain any three steps that can be taken to solve the problem of land degradation
Ans. There are many ways to solve the problems of land degradation.

 Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help to some extent


 Planting of shelter belts of plants, control on over grazing, stabilization of sand dunes by
growing thorny bushes is some of the methods to check land degradation.
 Proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of
industrial effluents and wastes after treatment can reduce land and water degradation in industrial
and suburban areas.
7. What are the factors responsible for soil formation?
Ans. Soil formation is a very slow process. The important factors are:-
 Relief , parent rock or bed rock , climate vegetation and other forms of life and time are important
factors in the formation of soil
 Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and
glaciers, activities of decomposers etc.
 Chemical and organic changes which take place in the soil are equally important. Soil also
consists of organic (humus) and inorganic materials

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F 061, Rev 01, dtd10th March 2020


F 061, Rev 01, dtd10th March 2020

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