CLUSTER 1

MODULE 1
P.E 1

LEARNING MODULE 1
Physical Education and Health
Individual and Dual Sports:
Arnis
LESSONS:
1. Arnis

OVERVIEW
This module shows the benefits and advantages of playing sports. It involves the brief
background, equipment and facilities, the rules and regulation of the selected individual/dual sports.
Playing sports has an important role in keeping the body fit and smaller chance of having diseases. It
can also improve a person’s mental health, improve connections to other and it can increase a
person’s confidence.

OBJECTIVES
By the end of the Module, the student is expected to:

GO1. Learn the background, facilities and equipment, the rules and regulation of the selected
individual/dual sports.
GO3. Value the benefits of officiating the selected individual/dual sports
GO4. Perform the hand signals use in officiating of the selected sports

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Lesson 1: Arnis

LEARNING OUTCOMES
In this lesson, learners are expected to:

LO1. Understand the brief background, the facilities and equipment, the rules and regulation of
Arnis
LO2. Learn the kind of stances, the 12 strikes and 6 blockings in Arnis
LO3. Appreciate the contribution of Arnis in self – defense
LO4. Perform the Stances of Arnis

LEARNING CONTENT
Arnis
Arnis is the official national sport and the martial art of the Philippines. It is also known
as "Kali" or "Eskrima" and is a form of martial arts that focuses on weapon-based fighting
with knives, sticks, bladed weapons and some improvised weapons. The sport also includes hand
to hand combat, grappling, joint locks and weapon disarming techniques. Practitioners of the
sport are called arnisador (male athletes) and arnisadora (female athletes). Arnis is a combat
sport to defend oneself from attacks using hand to hand combat, grappling, weapon disarming in
weapon-based fights.

Background
The History of Arnis dates back before the colonization of the Spaniards, during those periods
it was called “Kali” and the techniques of the art is focused on bladed weapons fighting. Kali was
widely practiced throughout the archipelago; both nobleman and commoners were enthusiast and
practitioners of the said art. Also, during those days Kali is being taught in a school like training
grounds, which was called “Bothoan” along with military tactics, “Alibata” (Native Alphabet), and
herbal medicines.
On the dawn of April 27, 1521, the
Portuguese navigator and warrior named
Ferdinand Magellan was defeated by a
native warrior chief named Lapu-lapu this
was the recorded incident which Kali was
used against foreign invaders. Forty years
after that event, on April of 1564 another
warrior navigator from Spain named Miguel
De Legaspi landed in Abuyog Leyte
Philippines. He was aware of the unfortunate
fate of Magellan so took a non-hostile
approach to avoid battle with the native. He
befriended the warrior chief Malitik, it is at
this point he witnessed the deadly fighting skills of the natives through a demo to entertain them.
Years have passed by Spain was able to colonize the Archipelago thru the use of religion and
what was then regarded as modern weapons such as Muskets and cannons. The Spaniards claimed
the Archipelago and named it “Philippines” in honor of the King Philip of Spain. This was the start of

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the dark age of Kali, in the year 1764 the Spanish overlords banned the practice of Kali to the
natives.
However, the natives knew too well that their colonizers were just afraid that such skills would
be used in a revolution against them because due to oppression the revolutionaries were gaining
support from the natives. The natives, hidden from the watchful eyes of their colonizers, practiced
Kali secretly. Due to some cultural influence of the Spaniards the term Escrima, Estoque, Fraile, and
Kaliradman were used to regard the native fighting system.
In 1873 the fighting system was renamed “Arnis” derived from the word Arnes which means
colorful trapping on defensive armors used on the Moro-Moro plays.

Organizations of Arnis
 National Arnis Association of the Philippines (NARAPHIL) which was founded
in 1975 by Gen. Fabian C. Ver.
 IKAEF (International Kali Arnis Eskrima Federation) was created during the First
European Stick fighting Championship in London in March 1993.
 The World Modern Arnis Alliance or WMAA was originally a sub chapter of
the International Modern Arnis Federation (IMAF) under Professor Remy A. Presas.
 Bakbakan International is a martial arts association headquartered in Manila,
Philippines and founded by Christopher Ricketts.

Equipment and Facilities

Weapon:
Padded stick / Rattan stick

Head gear

Body Protector

Groin Protector

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 Forearm and shin guard

Training Area

Competition Are

Rules and Regulations

Arnis Competition Rules General Format
The Arnis Martial Arts Competition is a
continuous, full contact, live weapon, stick
fighting venue. Competitors will fight each other
with sticks – slender, cylindrically-shaped rattan
weapons in 2 round matches at 1 minute per
round with 30 seconds of rest between rounds.
This is an open-style competition. Competitors
will compete in an open matted surface whose
inbound space range from 15’x15’ to 20’x20’.
Single stick fighting and double stick fighting
contests will be conducted in a round robin
tournament format. All matches will be scored by
judges using a 10-point must system. Divisions of
these contests will be based on weight, age, gender, rank and martial arts experience level.
Pairings and Format
The tournament format will at the discretion of tournament officials. In adult divisions, we will try as
much as possible to form pairs that are within 8% of each other by weight. Directors will combine
divisions where competitors are scarce. In those cases, the directors are authorized to adjust rules
for fairness without compromising the primary objective – to showcase martial skill and reward those
that are better able to use their weapon. Fighters will be evaluated based on accumulation of points
on all matches combined. Gold, silver, and bronze medals will be awarded in each division to fighters
accumulating the highest scores. If two fighters accumulate equal scores, the following will apply:
• If the pair previously fought, precedence will be given to the fighter who achieved the higher point
total during their match.

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• If the pair previously fought to a tie or never fought, then tie-breaker will be decided by best of three,
weapon only point fight. Judges will only count head shots.
Rules of engagement
• Opponents will begin and end all matches with a salute or bow to each other and the judges.
• Referee will position fighters beyond largo range at the start of every round.
• Only attacks with the stick and feet are allowed.
• Hits, slashes, and witticks are all legal. Punots, pokes and stabs are all illegal.
• Target areas are: 1) front and sides of the body, 2) arms and hands, 3) top, front and sides of the
helmet.
• Kicks are allowed below the neck and above the waist only.
• In single stick competition, it is NOT legal to block a stick with your free hand. However, “arm
stopping” at quarto range or arm checking is allowed.
• Fighters are required to exhibit a realistic defense (movement, parrying, intelligent blocking…)
• No takedowns. No grappling, wrestling or hooking.
• No pushing or striking with any part of your body.
• No foot sweeps or throws, thrusting or butt strikes, 2 handed strikes.
• No strikes or kicks below the waistline or direct strikes to the back.
• No kicks below the waist or above the neck.
• No knee strikes or elbow strikes.
• Checks may be used to create distance but may NOT be directed to the face. Checks are allowed
below the neck and above the waist free hand or two hands on weapon (AKA rifle checking).
• Trapping and parrying are allowed. Locking and holding are not.
• An instantaneous “Hold and Hit” with immediate release is allowed.
• In the event inaction or ineffective action in the clinch, referee will call time and break clinch.
• Disarms must be immediate, or have an immediate release (1 – 2 rule applies).
• Joints may not be locked or twisted for a disarm.
• You may use the ring to control the action. You may not use it to avoid action.
• To signal surrender or stop action for an injury, equipment failure, etc., raise both hands and back
up. Do not turn away.

Professional conduct and etiquette of athletes, coaches and spectators

All participants are expected to exhibit professional behavior. Excessive foul language and un-
sportsmanlike conduct will not be tolerated by any fighters, coaches, or spectators. Fighters and
coaches will not discuss fights with the judges or referees while tournament is in progress.

Kinds of Stances
Stance Proper Execution Illustration
Stand with your feet apart
parallel to the shoulder with
both toes pointing forward.
The knees should be straight,
the waist and the body facing
forward. Hands are on waist
A. Ready Stance
level and the hands should
hold the ticks on both sides.
The ready stance is
commonly used when
standing at ease during
training or tournaments.

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 Stand with your feet forming a
45 degrees angle. Heels
should be close to each other,
knees should be straight, the
waist and body facing
B. Attention Stance/ forward. Shoulders are
Handa/Bigay Pugay dropped to the side and both
hands are at waist level.
The Attention Stance is
commonly used in preparation
for courtesy or “bowing” at
commencement of sparring.

Starting with the ready stance,

move one foot forward until
the knee and the toe are in
line to each other. Both toes
C. Forward Stance:
are pointing in front, the waist
Right Foot Forward
and the body is facing
Stance forward. Forward Stance are
commonly used with frontal
striking
or blocking techniques.

Starting with the ready stance,

move one foot forward 45
degrees away from the body
until the knee and the toe are
D. Oblique Stance: in line to each other. Move on
Right foot Oblique the same direction as the lead
Stance foot (e.g. for right foot
lead, move 45 degrees
forward to the right). Both toes
are pointing in front, the waist
and the body is facing forward

Starting with the ready stance,

move one foot about two feet
(2’) to the left or the right
direction until both lower legs
are almost perpendicular to
E. Straddle Stance
the ground. Straddle stances
are commonly used for
blocking the strikes to the side
of the body

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 Starting with the ready stance,
move one foot about two feet
(2’) to the left or right
direction. Moving foot will be
perpendicular to the ground
F. Left Side Stance while the other leg is
extended thereby creating a
position like that of a side
kick. Both toes are pointing
in front, the waist and the
body is facing forward.
Starting with the ready stance,
move one foot backward 45
degrees away from the body.
The heels of the foot should
form an imaginary “L” shape
G. Back Stance: Right while the legs are in a
Foot Back Stance straddle position. The body
should not be too low or
extended otherwise it will be
hard to maneuver. Distribute
the weight or center of gravity
to both legs.

12 Strikes and 6
Blockings
12 Strikes

1. Strike to Left Temple

2. Strike to Right Temple
3. Strike to Left Arm
4. Strike to Right Arm
5. Thrust to Abdomen
6. Thrust to Left Chest
7. Thrust to Right Chest
8. Strike to Right Knee
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 9. Strike to Left Knee
10. Thrust to Left Eye
11. Thrust to Right Eye
12. Strike to Head or Crown

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Activity 1.1
DIRECTION: Complete the crossword puzzle below.

Horizontal Vertical
1. during this colonization Arnis was called 'Kali' 2. also called Handa/Bigay Pugay
3. the weapon used in Arnis 5. WMAA was its originally a sub chapter under
Prof.
4. this organization was found in 1975 by Remy A. Presas
Gen. Fabian C. Ver 7. The official national sport and the martial art of
the
6. On April of 1564, another warrior navigator from Spain Philippines
was landed in Abuyog, Leyte Philippines
8. commonly used when standing at ease during training
or tournaments.
9. The Portuguese navigator and warrior named Ferdinand Magellan
was defeated by a native warrior chief named ____________
10. It was created during the first European Stick fighting
Championship in London in March 1993
.
Activity 1.2
Write 200 words stating the reasons why young generations should learn Arnis. Write it on a
long bond paper.

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Performance Activity 1.1
Complete Me!

Objectives:
 Capture/picture yourself demonstrating the 12 strikes techniques in Arnis
Materials/Equipment Needed:
 Single Rattan Stick
 P.E Uniform
 Smartphone
Procedure:
 Be familiarize to the 12 strikes techniques in Arnis
 Picture yourself demonstrating the 12 strikes techniques in Arnis
 Paste the pictures in a long bond paper demonstrating the 12 strikes

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