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Tutorial Retaining Wall

This document provides instructions and calculations for determining the stability of two retaining walls. For the first wall, it calculates the factors of safety against sliding and overturning. It determines the active and passive pressures, calculates resisting and overturning moments, and finds the FOS against overturning to be 3.62. For the second wall, it provides soil properties and calculates the active earth pressures and hydrostatic pressure at different depths. It instructs students to calculate the lateral forces and FOS against overturning for this wall individually.

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Anonymous 7oXNA46xiN
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174 views

Tutorial Retaining Wall

This document provides instructions and calculations for determining the stability of two retaining walls. For the first wall, it calculates the factors of safety against sliding and overturning. It determines the active and passive pressures, calculates resisting and overturning moments, and finds the FOS against overturning to be 3.62. For the second wall, it provides soil properties and calculates the active earth pressures and hydrostatic pressure at different depths. It instructs students to calculate the lateral forces and FOS against overturning for this wall individually.

Uploaded by

Anonymous 7oXNA46xiN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial: Designing a Retaining

Wall
KNS 2163 Sem 2 2012/2013
Problem 1
For a concrete gravity retaining wall of 3.2 m width
and 6.6 m height, determine the
(a) FOS against Sliding
(b) FOS against Overturning
The base friction angle is ’=15, base adhesion is
cb=10kPa. A surcharge load of 20 kPa is applied
vertically to the ground surface on the backfill. The
backfill has the following properties:
c’ =10kPa, ’=25, (for soil)=1.8Mg/m3, (for
concrete)=2.4Mg/m3
20kPa

6.6m

2m

3.2m
Calculate Ka and Kp
Ka =tan2(45-25/2)=0.406,Kp =tan2(45+25/2)=2.464

Calculate Active Pressure


At z=0, q’=20 and pa = 20 x 0.406 = 8.12
At z=0, c’ = 10, so total pa = 8.12-(2 x 10 x 0.406)
=-4.6kPa
At 6.6 m, ’v=1.8 x 9.81 x 6.6 + q’ = 136.5 kPa
pa = 136.5 x 0.406-(2 x 10 x 0.406)=42.7 kPa

Active Pressure Diagram 20kPa

Z (tension
crack) ???

2m

3.2m
Depth of tension crack is found by setting to
zero the pressure equation at depth z;
pa = ’vKa – 2c’Ka = (z+q’) Ka – 2c’Ka = 0

2c' q
z   0.64m
 Ka 
Calculate Passive Pressure
At z = 0, c’ = 10, so total pp = 0+(2 x 10 x
2.464)=31.4kPa
At z = 2 m, ’v = 1.8 x 9.81 x 2 = 35.3 kPa
pp = 35.3x2.464+(2 x 10 x 2.464)=118.4kPa
The complete diagram – active and passive

-4.6 kPa 20kPa

Z=0.64m

31.4kPa

2m
42.7 kPa
118.4kPa
3.2m
(a) FOS against Sliding = V tan( ' )  Bcb  Pp
Pa cos 

V  weight of concrete  497.25 kN/m


1
Pp  (2)(118.4  31.4)  149.8kN / m
2
1
Pa cos    Pa  (6.6  0.64)(42.7)  127.25kN / m (tension crack region not considered )
2
497.25tan(15)  (3.2)10  149.8
FOS against Sliding   2.48
127.25
(b) FOS against Overturning – create a table of forces, arm and moment
Section Force (kN/m) Arm to toe Moment Total
(m) (kNm/m)

Concrete (2.4 x9.81) 3.2 3.2/2 795.6 -4.6 kPa 20kPa


x 6.6 = 497.25
Z=0.64m

Passive 31.4 x 2 =62.8 2/2 62.8


31.4kPa
Pressure in
front of wall 2m
(1) 42.7 kPa
118.4kPa
3.2m
Passive ½ x(118.4- 1/3 (2) 58
Pressure in 31.4)x2=87
front of wall
(2)

Total 916.4
FOS =
Resisting 916.4/253.22=3.62
Positive ½ x42.7x(6.6- 1/3(6.6- 253.22
Active 0.64)=127.25 0.64)=1.99
Pressure

Total Causing 253.22


Problem 2
For the retaining wall shown next, find its
stability against:-
(a) Overturning.

Concrete Unit Weight is 24kN/m3


5m

3m 1 = 16kN/m3 , ’1 = 35

2m 1sat = 19kN/m3 , ’1 = 35


12m

3m 2sat = 20kN/m3 , ’2 = 27,


c’2 = 17kN/m2

3sat = 21kN/m3 , ’3 = 42,


4m c’3 = 0
Find Ka(1), Ka(2) and Ka(3)
Ka = tan2(45-’/2); Ka(1) = 0.271, Ka(2) = 0.375 and Ka(3)
=0.198

Calculate Active Pressure at


z = 3m; 0.271 x 16 x 3 = 13 kN/m2 (soil1)
z(-) = 5m; 13+(0.271x(19-9.8)x2)= 18 kN/m2 (soil 1)
z(+) = 5m; {(16x3)+(9.2x2)}0.375-2x(17)x0.375=
4.1 kN/m2 (soil 2)
z(-) = 8m; {(16x3)+(9.2x2)+((21-9.8)x3)}0.375-
2x(17)x0.375=15.6 kN/m2 (soil 2)
z(+) = 8m; {(16x3)+(9.2x2)+((21-9.8)x3)}0.198
=19.2kN/m2 (soil 3)
z = 12m; 19.2+(21-9.8)x4)0.198=28.1kN/m2 (soil 3)
Calculate the Hydrostatic Pressure
pw =9 x 9.8=88.2kN/m2

Draw the pressure diagram


5m

3m

12m 2m
3m

4m
Exercise 2
Find the lateral forces acting on the wall and
calculate the FOS against overturning.

Perform this individually and submit by next


lecture session.

This is an important learning outcome, make


sure you know what you are writing and no
copying.

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