Mary of Teck

Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May
1867 – 24 March 1953) was Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions Mary of Teck
from 1910 until 1936 as the wife of King George V. She was concurrently Empress of
India.

Born and raised in the United Kingdom, her parents were Francis, Duke of Teck, a
German nobleman, and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, who was a granddaughter
of King George III and a minor member of the British royal family. She was informally
known as "May", after the month of her birth.

At the age of 24, she was betrothed to her second cousin once removed Prince Albert
Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales, but six
weeks after the announcement of the engagement, he died unexpectedly during an
influenza pandemic. The following year, she became engaged to Albert Victor's only
surviving brother, George, who subsequently became king. Before her husband's
accession, she was successively Duchess of York, Duchess of Cornwall, and Princess of
Wales.

As queen consort from 1910, she supported her husband through the First World War, his
Formal portrait from the 1920s
ill health, and major political changes arising from the aftermath of the war. After George's
death in 1936, she became queen mother when her eldest son, Edward VIII, ascended the Queen consort of the United
throne; but to her dismay, he abdicated later the same year in order to marry twice- Kingdom
and the British Dominions;
divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson. She supported her second son, George VI, Empress consort of India
until his death in 1952. She died the following year, during the reign of her granddaughter
Tenure 6 May 1910 – 20
Elizabeth II, who had not yet been crowned. Among much else, an ocean liner, a
battlecruiser, and a university were named in her honour. January 1936
Coronation 22 June 1911
Imperial Durbar 12 December 1911
Contents Born Princess Victoria
Early life Mary of Teck
Engagements 26 May 1867
Kensington Palace,
Duchess of York (1893–1901)
London
Princess of Wales (1901–1910)
Died 24 March 1953
Queen consort (1910–1936) (aged 85)
Queen mother (1936–1952) Marlborough House,
Death London

Legacy Burial 31 March 1953

St George's Chapel,
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Windsor Castle
Titles and styles
Arms Spouse George V
(m. 1893; died 1936)
Issue
Issue Edward VIII
Ancestry
George VI
See also
Mary, Princess Royal
Notes
Prince Henry, Duke
References of Gloucester
External links Prince George, Duke
of Kent

Early life Prince John

Names
 Princess Victoria Mary ("May") of Teck was born on 26 Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga
May 1867 at Kensington Palace, London, in the same Pauline Claudine Agnes
room where Queen Victoria, her first cousin once
House Teck
removed, had been born 48 years earlier. Queen Victoria
came to visit the baby, writing that she was "a very fine Father Francis, Duke of
one, with pretty little features and a quantity of hair".[1] Teck
Mother Princess Mary
Her father was Prince Francis, Duke of Teck, the son of
Duke Alexander of Württemberg by his morganatic wife, Adelaide of
Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde (created Cambridge
Countess von Hohenstein in the Austrian Empire). Her Signature
mother was Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, a
granddaughter of King George III and the third child and
younger daughter of Prince Adolphus, Duke of
Cambridge, and Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel.
Mary as an infant with her
parents She was baptised in the Chapel Royal of Kensington Palace on 27 July 1867 by Charles Thomas
Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury.[3] From an early age, she was known to her family, friends and
the public by the diminutive name of "May", after her birth month.[4]

May's upbringing was "merry but fairly strict".[1][5] She was the eldest of four children, and the only daughter, and "learned to
exercise her native discretion, firmness, and tact" by resolving her three younger brothers' petty boyhood squabbles.[6] They played
with their cousins, the children of the Prince of Wales, who were similar in age.[7] She grew up at Kensington Palace and White
Lodge, in Richmond Park, which was granted by Queen Victoria on permanent loan. She was educated at home by her mother and
governess (as were her brothers until they were sent to boarding schools).[8] The Duchess of Teck spent an unusually long time with
her children for a lady of her time and class,[5] and enlisted May in various charitable endeavours, which included visiting the
tenements of the poor.[9]

Although May was a great-grandchild of George III, she was only a minor member of the British royal family. Her father, the Duke of
Teck, had no inheritance or wealth and carried the lower royal style of Serene Highness because his parents' marriage was
morganatic.[10] The Duchess of Teck was granted a parliamentary annuity of £5,000 and received about £4,000 a year from her
mother, the Duchess of Cambridge,[11] but she donated lavishly to dozens of charities.[1] Prince Francis was deeply in debt and
moved his family abroad with a small staff in 1883, in order to economise.[12] They travelled throughout Europe, visiting their various
relations. For a time they stayed in Florence, Italy, where May enjoyed visiting the art galleries, churches, and museums.[13] She was
fluent in English, German, and French.[1]

In 1885, the family returned to London and lived for some time in Chester Square.[1] May was close to her mother, and acted as an
unofficial secretary, helping to organise parties and social events. She was also close to her aunt, the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-
Strelitz, and wrote to her every week. During the First World War, the Crown Princess of Sweden helped pass letters from May to her
aunt, who lived in enemy territory in Germany until her death in 1916.[14]

Engagements
In 1886, "May" (as she was known) was a debutante in her first season, and was introduced at court. Her status as the only unmarried
British princess who was not descended from Queen Victoria made her a suitable candidate for the royal family's most eligible
bachelor, Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale,[1] her second cousin once removed and the eldest son of the Prince
of Wales.[15]

On 3 December 1891 at Luton Hoo, then the country residence of Danish Ambassador Christian Frederick de Falbe, Albert Victor
proposed marriage to May and she accepted.[1] The choice of May as bride for the Duke owed much to Queen Victoria's fondness for
her, as well as to her strong character and sense of duty. However, Albert Victor died six weeks later, in a recurrence of the worldwide
1889–90 influenza pandemic,[16] before the date was fixed for their wedding.[1]

Albert Victor's brother, Prince George, Duke of York, now second in line to the throne, evidently became close to May during their
shared period of mourning, and Queen Victoria still thought of her as a suitable candidate to marry a future king.[17] The public was
also anxious that the Duke of York should marry and settle the succession.[1] In May 1893, George proposed, and May accepted.
They were soon deeply in love, and their marriage was a success. George wrote to May every day they were apart and, unlike his
father, never took a mistress.[18]

Duchess of York (1893–1901)

 Mary married Prince George, Duke of York, in London on 6 July 1893 at the Chapel Royal, St
James's Palace.[19] The new Duke and Duchess of York lived in York Cottage on the Sandringham
Estate in Norfolk, and in apartments in St James's Palace. York Cottage was a modest house for
royalty, but it was a favourite of George, who liked a relatively simple life.[20] They had six children:
Edward, Albert, Mary, Henry, George, and John.

The children were put into the care of a nanny, as was usual in upper-class families at the time. The
first nanny was dismissed for insolence and the second for abusing the children. This second woman,
anxious to suggest that the children preferred her to anyone else, would pinch Edward and Albert
whenever they were about to be presented to their parents so that they would start crying and be
speedily returned to her. On discovery, she was replaced by her effective and much-loved assistant,
Charlotte Bill.[21]
Princess Victoria Mary
shortly before her marriage Sometimes, Mary and George appear to have been distant parents. At first, they failed to notice the
to the Duke of York in 1893 nanny's abuse of the young princes Edward and Albert,[22] and their youngest son, Prince John, was
housed in a private farm on the Sandringham Estate, in Bill's care, perhaps to hide his epilepsy from
the public. Despite Mary's austere public image and her strait-laced private life, she was a caring
mother and comforted her children when they suffered from her husband's strict discipline.[18]

Edward wrote fondly of his mother in his memoirs: "Her soft voice, her cultivated mind, the cosy room overflowing with personal
treasures were all inseparable ingredients of the happiness associated with this last hour of a child's day ... Such was my mother's pride
in her children that everything that happened to each one was of the utmost importance to her. With the birth of each new child, Mama
started an album in which she painstakingly recorded each progressive stage of our childhood".[23] He expressed a less charitable
view, however, in private letters to his wife after his mother's death: "My sadness was mixed with incredulity that any mother could
have been so hard and cruel towards her eldest son for so many years and yet so demanding at the end without relenting a scrap. I'm
afraid the fluids in her veins have always been as icy cold as they are now in death."[24]

As Duke and Duchess of York, George and Mary carried out a variety of public duties. In 1897, she became the patron of the London
Needlework Guild in succession to her mother. The guild, initially established as The London Guild in 1882, was renamed several
times and was named after Mary between 1914 and 2010.[25] Samples of her own embroidery range from chair seats to tea cosies.[26]

On 22 January 1901, Queen Victoria died, and Mary's father-in-law ascended the throne as Edward
VII. For most of the rest of that year, George and Mary were known as the "Duke and Duchess of
Cornwall and York". For eight months they toured the British Empire, visiting Gibraltar, Malta,
Egypt, Ceylon, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Mauritius, South Africa and Canada. No royal
had undertaken such an ambitious tour before. She broke down in tears at the thought of leaving her
children, who were to be left in the care of their grandparents, for such a long time.[27]

Princess of Wales (1901–1910)

On 9 November 1901, nine days after arriving back in Britain and on the King's sixtieth birthday,
George was created Prince of Wales. The family moved their London residence from St James's
Palace to Marlborough House. As Princess of Wales, Mary accompanied her husband on trips to
Austria-Hungary and Württemberg in 1904. The following year, she gave birth to her last child, John. The Duchess of Cornwall
It was a difficult labour, and although she recovered quickly, her newborn son suffered respiratory and York in Ottawa, 1901
problems.[28]

From October 1905 the Prince and Princess of Wales undertook another eight-month tour, this time of India, and the children were
once again left in the care of their grandparents.[29] They passed through Egypt both ways and on the way back stopped in Greece.
The tour was almost immediately followed by a trip to Spain for the wedding of King Alfonso XIII to Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg,
at which the bride and groom narrowly avoided assassination.[30] Only a week after returning to Britain, May and George went to
Norway for the coronation of George's brother-in-law and sister, King Haakon VII and Queen Maud.[31]

Queen consort (1910–1936)

On 6 May 1910, Edward VII died. Mary's husband ascended the throne and she became queen consort. When her husband asked her
to drop one of her two official names, Victoria Mary, she chose to be called Mary, preferring not to be known by the same style as her
husband's grandmother, Queen Victoria.[32] She was the first British queen consort born in Britain since Catherine Parr.[1] Queen
Mary was crowned with the King on 22 June 1911 at Westminster Abbey. Later in the year, the new King and Queen travelled to
India for the Delhi Durbar held on 12 December 1911, and toured the sub-continent as Emperor and Empress of India, returning to
Britain in February.[33]
 The beginning of Mary's period as consort brought her into conflict with her mother-in-law, Queen
Alexandra. Although the two were on friendly terms, Alexandra could be stubborn; she demanded
precedence over Mary at the funeral of Edward VII, was slow in leaving Buckingham Palace, and
kept some of the royal jewels that should have been passed to the new queen.[34]

During the First World War, Queen Mary instituted an austerity drive at the palace, where she
rationed food, and visited wounded and dying servicemen in hospital, which caused her great
emotional strain.[35] After three years of war against Germany, and with anti-German feeling in
Britain running high, the Russian Imperial Family, which had been deposed by a revolutionary
government, was refused asylum, possibly in part because the tsar's wife was German-born.[36]
News of the tsar's abdication provided a boost to those in Britain who wished to replace their own
monarchy with a republic.[37] The war ended in 1918 with the defeat of Germany and the abdication
and exile of the kaiser.

Two months after the end of the war, Queen Mary's youngest son,
Portrait by William
John, died at the age of thirteen. She described her shock and sorrow
Llewellyn, c. 1911
in her diary and letters, extracts of which were published after her
death: "our poor darling little Johnnie had passed away suddenly ...
The first break in the family circle is hard to bear but people have
been so kind & sympathetic & this has helped us [the King and me] much."[38]

Her staunch support of her husband continued during the later half of his reign. She advised him on
speeches and used her extensive knowledge of history and royalty to advise him on matters affecting
his position. He appreciated her discretion, intelligence, and judgement.[39] She maintained an air of
self-assured calm throughout all her public engagements in the years after the war, a period marked
by civil unrest over social conditions, Irish independence, and Indian nationalism.[40]

In the late 1920s, George V became increasingly ill with lung problems, exacerbated by his heavy
smoking. Queen Mary paid particular attention to his care. During his illness in 1928, one of his The Queen with her
doctors, Sir Farquhar Buzzard, was asked who had saved the King's life. He replied, "The daughter Mary during the
Queen".[41] In 1935, King George V and Queen Mary celebrated their silver jubilee, with First World War
celebrations taking place throughout the British Empire. In his jubilee speech, George paid public
tribute to his wife, having told his speechwriter, "Put that paragraph at the very end. I cannot trust
myself to speak of the Queen when I think of all I owe her."[42]

Queen mother (1936–1952)

George V died on 20 January 1936, after his physician, Lord Dawson of Penn, gave him an injection of morphine and cocaine that
may have hastened his death.[43] Queen Mary's eldest son ascended the throne as Edward VIII. She was now the queen mother,
though she did not use that style, and was instead known as Her Majesty Queen Mary.

Within the year, Edward caused a constitutional crisis by announcing his desire to marry his twice-divorced American mistress, Wallis
Simpson. Mary disapproved of divorce, which was against the teaching of the Anglican church, and thought Simpson wholly
unsuitable to be the wife of a king. After receiving advice from the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Stanley Baldwin, as well
as the Dominion governments, that he could not remain king and marry Simpson, Edward abdicated.

Though loyal and supportive of her son, Mary could not comprehend why Edward would neglect his royal duties in favour of his
personal feelings.[44] Simpson had been presented formally to both King George V and Queen Mary at court,[45] but Mary later
refused to meet her either in public or privately.[46] She saw it as her duty to provide moral support for her second son, the reserved
Prince Albert, Duke of York, who had a stammer. Albert ascended the throne on Edward's abdication, taking the name George VI.
When Mary attended the coronation, she became the first British dowager queen to do so.[47] Edward's abdication did not lessen her
love for him, but she never wavered in her disapproval of his actions.[18][48]

Mary took an interest in the upbringing of her granddaughters, Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret, and took them on various
excursions in London, to art galleries and museums. (The princesses' own parents thought it unnecessary for them to be taxed with
any demanding educational regime.)[49]

During the Second World War, George VI wished his mother to be evacuated from London. Although she was reluctant, she decided
to live at Badminton House, Gloucestershire, with her niece, Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort, the daughter of her brother
Adolphus.[50] Her personal belongings were transported from London in seventy pieces of luggage. Her household, which comprised
fifty-five servants, occupied most of the house, except for the Duke and Duchess's private suites, until after the war. The only people
to complain about the arrangements were the royal servants, who found the house too small,[51] though Queen Mary annoyed her
niece by having the ancient ivy torn from the walls as she considered it unattractive and a hazard. From Badminton, in support of the
 war effort, she visited troops and factories and directed the gathering of scrap materials. She was
known to offer lifts to soldiers she spotted on the roads.[52] In 1942, her youngest surviving son,
Prince George, Duke of Kent, was killed in an air crash while on active service. Mary finally
returned to Marlborough House in June 1945, after the war in Europe had resulted in the defeat of
Nazi Germany.

Mary was an eager collector of objects and pictures with a royal connection.[53] She paid above-
market estimates when purchasing jewels from the estate of Dowager Empress Marie of Russia[54]
and paid almost three times the estimate when buying the family's Cambridge Emeralds from Lady
Kilmorey, the mistress of her late brother Prince Francis.[55] In 1924, the famous architect Sir Edwin
Lutyens created Queen Mary's Dolls' House for her collection of miniature pieces.[56] She has
sometimes been criticised for her aggressive acquisition of objets d'art for the Royal Collection. On
several occasions, she would express to hosts, or others, that she admired something they had in their
Queen Mary with her possession, in the expectation that the owner would be willing to donate it.[57] Her extensive
granddaughters, Princesses knowledge of, and research into, the Royal Collection helped in identifying artefacts and artwork that
Margaret (front) and
had gone astray over the years.[58] The royal family had lent out many pieces over previous
Elizabeth, May 1939
generations. Once she had identified unreturned items through old inventories, she would write to the
holders, requesting that they be returned.[59] In addition to being an avid collector, Mary also
commissioned many gifts of jewellery, including rings which she presented to her ladies-in-waiting
on the occasion of their engagements.[60]

Death
In 1952, King George VI died, the third of Queen Mary's children to predecease her; her eldest
granddaughter, Princess Elizabeth, ascended the throne as Queen Elizabeth II. The death of a
third child profoundly affected her. Mary remarked to Princess Marie Louise: "I have lost three
sons through death, but I have never been privileged to be there to say a last farewell to
them."[62]

Mary died on 24 March 1953 in her sleep at the age of 85, ten weeks before her granddaughter's
coronation.[63] She had let it be known that should she die, the coronation should not be
Queen Mary's funeral carriage. At
postponed.[64] Her remains lay in state at Westminster Hall, where large numbers of mourners
her funeral, Mary's coffin was
filed past her coffin. She is buried beside her husband in the nave of St George's Chapel,
draped in her personal banner of
Windsor Castle.[65] arms.[61]

Legacy
Queen Mary University of London;[66] Queen Mary Reservoir in Surrey, United Kingdom;[67]
Queen Mary College, Lahore;[68] Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton; Queen Mary Hospital
in Hong Kong; Queen Mary's Peak, the highest mountain in Tristan da Cunha; Queen Mary
Land in Antarctica; and Queen Mary's College in Chennai, India, are named in her honour, as
were the ocean liners RMS Queen Mary and RMS Queen Mary 2, also the Royal Navy battlecruiser HMS Queen Mary.

Actresses who have portrayed Queen Mary include Dame Flora Robson (in A King's Story, 1965), Dame Wendy Hiller (on the
London stage in Crown Matrimonial, 1972),[69] Greer Garson (in the television production of Crown Matrimonial, 1974), Judy Loe
(in Edward the Seventh, 1975), Dame Peggy Ashcroft (in Edward & Mrs. Simpson, 1978), Phyllis Calvert (in The Woman He Loved,
1988), Gaye Brown (in All the King's Men, 1999), Miranda Richardson (in The Lost Prince, 2003), Margaret Tyzack (in Wallis &
Edward, 2005), Claire Bloom (in The King's Speech, 2010), Judy Parfitt (in W.E., 2011), Valerie Dane (in the television version of
Downton Abbey, 2013), Dame Eileen Atkins (in Bertie and Elizabeth, 2002 and The Crown, 2016), and Geraldine James (in the film
version of Downton Abbey, 2019).

Sir Henry "Chips" Channon wrote that she was "above politics ... magnificent, humorous, worldly, in fact nearly sublime, though
cold and hard. But what a grand Queen."[70]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

26 May 1867 – 6 July 1893: Her Serene Highness Princess Victoria Mary of Teck
6 July 1893 – 22 January 1901: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of York
 22 January 1901 – 9 November 1901: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cornwall and York
9 November 1901 – 6 May 1910: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales
6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936: Her Majesty The Queen
20 January 1936 – 24 March 1953: Her Majesty Queen Mary

Arms

Queen Mary's arms were the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom impaled with her family arms – the arms of her grandfather,
Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, in the 1st and 4th quarters, and the arms of her father, Prince Francis, Duke of Teck, in the 2nd
and 3rd quarters.[71][72] The shield is surmounted by the imperial crown, and supported by the crowned lion of England and "a stag
Proper" as in the arms of Württemberg.[72]

Queen Mary's coat of arms

Issue
Name Birth Death Spouse Children
Edward VIII 28 May 1972 (aged
23 June 1894 Wallis Simpson None
(later Duke of Windsor) 77)
Elizabeth II
14 December 6 February 1952
George VI Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Princess Margaret, Countess of
1895 (aged 56)
Snowdon
George Lascelles, 7th Earl of
28 March 1965 (aged Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of
Mary, Princess Royal 25 April 1897 Harewood
67) Harewood
The Hon. Gerald Lascelles
Prince William of Gloucester
Prince Henry, Duke of 10 June 1974 (aged Lady Alice Montagu Douglas
31 March 1900 Prince Richard, Duke of
Gloucester 74) Scott
Gloucester
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
Prince George, Duke of 20 December 25 August 1942 Princess Marina of Greece and Princess Alexandra, The Hon.
Kent 1902 (aged 39) Denmark Lady Ogilvy
Prince Michael of Kent
18 January 1919
Prince John 12 July 1905 Never married None
(aged 13)

Ancestry
Ancestors of Mary of Teck
8. Duke Louis of Württemberg[73]
4. Duke Alexander of Württemberg
9. Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg
2. Francis, Duke of Teck
10. Count László Rhédey de Kis-Rhéde

5. Claudine Rhédey de Kis-Rhéde[73]

11. Baroness Ágnes Inczédy de Nagy-Várad
1. Princess Mary of
Teck
12. George III of the United Kingdom
 6. Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge
13. Duchess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
3. Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge
14. Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel
7. Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
15. Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen

See also
Crown of Queen Mary
King George and Queen Mary, BBC documentary

Notes
1. "Queen Mary: A Lifetime of Gracious Service", The Times, p. 5, 25 March 1953
2. The Times (London), Monday, 29 July 1867 p. 12 col. E
3. Her three godparents were Queen Victoria, the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII and May's future father-in-
law), and Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge.[2]
4. Pope-Hennessy, p. 24
5. Pope-Hennessy, p. 66
6. Pope-Hennessy, p. 45
7. Pope-Hennessy, p. 55
8. Pope-Hennessy, pp. 68, 76, 123
9. Pope-Hennessy, p. 68
10. Pope-Hennessy, pp. 36–37
11. Pope-Hennessy, p. 114
12. Pope-Hennessy, p. 112
13. Pope-Hennessy, p. 133
14. Pope-Hennessy, pp. 503–505
15. May's maternal grandfather, Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, was a brother of Prince Edward Augustus, Duke
of Kent, who was the father of Queen Victoria, Albert Victor's paternal grandmother.
16. Pope-Hennessy, p. 201
17. Edwards, p. 61
18. Prochaska, Frank (January 2008) [September 2004], "Mary (1867–1953)" (http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34
914), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34914 (http
s://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F34914), retrieved 1 May 2010 (Subscription or UK public library membership (htt
ps://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public) required.)
19. Her bridesmaids were the Princesses Maud and Victoria of Wales, Victoria Melita, Alexandra and Beatrice of
Edinburgh, Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, Margaret and Patricia of Connaught and Strathearn, and Alice
and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg.
20. Pope-Hennessy, p. 291
21. Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 16–17
22. Pope-Hennessy, p. 393
23. Windsor, pp. 24–25
24. Ziegler, p. 538
25. Queen Mother's Clothing Guild official website (http://www.qmcg.org.uk/), retrieved 1 May 2010
26. e.g. Mary, Queen of England (1943), Chair seat (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/4
88288), Metropolitan Museum of Art; Queen Mary (1909), Tea cosy (http://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/
602811), Springhill, County Londonderry: National Trust
27. Edwards, p. 115
28. Edwards, pp. 142–143
29. Edwards, p. 146
30. The driver of their coach and over a dozen spectators were killed by a bomb thrown by an anarchist, Mateo Morral.
31. Pope-Hennessy, p. 407
32. Pope-Hennessy, p. 421
33. Pope-Hennessy, pp. 452–463
34. Edwards, pp. 182–193
35. Edwards, pp. 244–245
36. Edwards, p. 258
37. Edwards, p. 262
38. Pope-Hennessy, p. 511
39. Pope-Hennessy, p. 549
40. Edwards, p. 311
41. Gore, p. 243
42. The Times (London), Wednesday, 25 March 1953 p. 5
43. Watson, Francis (1986), "The Death of George V", History Today, 36: 21–30, PMID 11645856 (https://pubmed.ncbi.n
lm.nih.gov/11645856)
44. Airlie, p. 200
45. Windsor, p. 255
46. Windsor, p. 334
47. According to custom, crowned heads do not attend coronations of other kings and queens. Pope-Hennessy, p. 584
48. Edwards, p. 401 and Pope-Hennessy, p. 575
49. Edwards, p. 349
50. Pope-Hennessy, p. 596
51. Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003), "Duke of Beaufort, 'Seat' section", Burke's Peerage & Gentry, 107th edition, vol. I p. 308
52. Pope-Hennessy, p. 600
53. Pope-Hennessy, p. 412
54. Clarke, William (1995), The Lost Fortune of the Tsars
55. Thomson, Mark (29 August 2005), Document – A Right Royal Affair, BBC Radio 4
See also Kilmorey Papers (D/2638) (http://www.proni.gov.uk/introduction_kilmorey_d2638-2.pdf) (pdf), Public
Record Office of Northern Ireland.
56. Pope-Hennessy, pp. 531–534
57. Rose, p. 284
58. Pope-Hennessy, p. 414
59. Windsor, p. 238
60. "S. J. Rood – a brief history" (http://www.sjrood.weebly.com), S. J. Rood – Jewellers, retrieved 4 December 2018
61. "Queen Mary laid to rest in Windsor" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/31/newsid_4325000/43
25305.stm), BBC On This Day: 31 March 1953; retrieved 19 October 2010.
62. Marie Louise, p. 238
63. "1953: Queen Mary dies peacefully after illness" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/24/newsid_
2785000/2785265.stm), BBC News, retrieved 29 May 2018
64. Pope-Hennessy, p. 621
65. Royal Burials in the Chapel by location (https://web.archive.org/web/20100122103842/http://www.stgeorges-windso
r.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/burial/burials-in-the-chapel-by-location.html), St George's Chapel, Windsor
Castle, archived from the original (https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/royal-burial
s/royal-burials-chapel-location/) on 22 January 2010, retrieved 1 May 2010
66. Moss, G. P.; Saville, M. V. (1985), From Palace to College – An illustrated account of Queen Mary College,
University of London, pp. 57–62, ISBN 0-902238-06-X
67. "History of the Queen Mary Reservoir – Sunbury Matters" (http://www.villagematters.co.uk/sunbury-matters/sunbury-
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References
 Airlie, Mabell (1962), Thatched with Gold, London: Hutchinson
Edwards, Anne (1984), Matriarch: Queen Mary and the House of Windsor, Hodder and Stoughton, ISBN 0-340-
24465-8
Gore, John (1941), King George V: A Personal Memoir, London: John Murray
Marie Louise, Princess (1959), My Memories of Six Reigns, Penguin Books
Pope-Hennessy, James (1959), Queen Mary, London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
Prochaska, Frank (January 2008) [September 2004], "Mary (1867–1953)" (http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34
914), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34914 (http
s://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F34914), retrieved 1 May 2010 (Subscription or UK public library membership (htt
ps://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public) required.)
Rose, Kenneth (1983), King George V, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, ISBN 0-297-78245-2
Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John (1958), King George VI, London: Macmillan
Windsor, HRH The Duke of (1951), A King's Story, London: Cassell and Co
Ziegler, Philip (1990), King Edward VIII, London: Collins, ISBN 0-00-215741-1

External links
Portraits of Queen Mary (https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp02999) at the National
Portrait Gallery, London
Newspaper clippings about Mary of Teck (http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/019474) in the 20th Century
Press Archives of the ZBW

Royal titles
Queen consort of the United Kingdom
Vacant
Preceded by and the British Dominions; Title next held by
Alexandra of Denmark Empress consort of India Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
1910–1936

Honorary titles
Grand Master of the Order of the British
Preceded by Succeeded by
Empire
The Prince of Wales The Duke of Edinburgh
1936–1953

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