A report on electrical diagram

“A report on electrical diagram”

Introduction:
Successfully performing electrical work requires the ability to read and interpret many
different types of drawings and diagrams. Understanding circuit symbols and components is
another one of the basic building blocks needed to become an electrician.
If an electrician misinterprets a drawing or diagram when wiring a house, devices could
be incorrectly installed or even missed altogether. Knowing how to properly take information
from an electrical drawing or diagram and apply it to the real world is essential for electricians.

Aim of the Micro-Project

This Micro-Project aims at
 Basic electrical circuits and theory
 Branch circuit wiring and a basic top view floor plan

Course Outcome Integrated

 Understand some basic symbols for schematic drawings and wiring diagrams
 Produce a wiring diagram
 Understand the difference between different types of diagrams
 Know how to draw a basic floor plan with electrical symbols

Actual Procedure Followed

 First we understood the concept of electrical drawing.
 We study about electrical symbols which were standard symbol.
 Also we did group study about electrical installation planning.
 We collect data about floor electrical installation planning diagram.
 We prepare the report with photos and its information.

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 A report on electrical diagram

Actual Resources Used

Sr.
No Name of resource / material Specification Quantity Remarks
.
1 Internet - 01
2 Computer - 01

Output of the Micro-Project

 Block diagram:
A diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are represented by
blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks.

 Circuit diagram (drawing):

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 A report on electrical diagram

A simplified conventional graphical representation of an electrical circuit.

Line diagram:

A one-line diagram or single-line diagram is a simplified notation for representing an

electrical system. The one-line diagram is similar to a block diagram except that electrical
elements such as switches, circuit breakers, transformers, and capacitors are shown by
standardized schematic symbols.

Pictorial diagram:

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 A report on electrical diagram

A diagram that represents the elements of a system using abstract, graphic drawings or
realistic pictures.

Schematic diagram:

A diagram that uses lines to represent the wires and symbols to represent components. It
is used to show how the circuit functions.

Wiring diagram (or pictorial):

A simplified conventional pictorial representation of an electrical circuit. It shows the
components of the circuit as simplified shapes, and how to make the connections between the
devices. A wiring diagram usually gives more information about the relative position and
arrangement of devices and terminals on the devices.

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 A report on electrical diagram

Drawing Circuits:

1. Using the basic electrical floor plan and the symbol chart on the following pages, explain the
electrical symbols to the students.

2. Give students a standard photocopy of a floor plan (see the end of this Activity Plan) that
includes a kitchen and have them draw one or two 12-device circuits using electrical symbols
and paths for circuits as shown in the floor plan drawing

1. Have students draw two outlets that require separate circuits for a fridge and a dishwasher
that go directly back to panel (homerun shown as a short line directed toward the panel with
an arrow on it).

2. Have students draw a legend of symbols for their drawing.

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 A report on electrical diagram

Table of Electrical Symbols

Symbo
Component name Meaning
l
Wire Symbols

Electrical Wire Conductor of electrical current

Connected Wires Connected crossing

Not Connected Wires Wires are not connected

Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols

SPST Toggle Switch Disconnects current when open

SPDT Toggle Switch Selects between two connections

Pushbutton Switch (N.O) Momentary switch - normally open

Pushbutton Switch (N.C) Momentary switch - normally closed

DIP Switch DIP switch is used for onboard configuration

SPST Relay
Relay open / close connection by an electromagnet
SPDT Relay

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 A report on electrical diagram

Jumper Close connection by jumper insertion on pins.

Solder Bridge Solder to close connection

Ground Symbols
Used for zero potential reference and electrical
Earth Ground
shock protection.

Chassis Ground Connected to the chassis of the circuit

Digital / Common Ground  

Resistor Symbols

Resistor (IEEE)
Resistor reduces the current flow.
Resistor (IEC)

Potentiometer (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals.
Potentiometer (IEC)

Variable Resistor /
Rheostat (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals.
Variable Resistor /
Rheostat (IEC)

Trimmer Resistor Preset resistor

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 A report on electrical diagram

Thermal resistor - change resistance when

Thermistor
temperature changes

Photoresistor / Light dependent Photo-resistor - change resistance with light

resistor (LDR) intensity change

Capacitor Symbols

Capacitor
Capacitor is used to store electric charge. It acts as
short circuit with AC and open circuit with DC.
Capacitor

Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor

Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor

Variable Capacitor Adjustable capacitance

Inductor / Coil Symbols

Inductor Coil / solenoid that generates magnetic field

Iron Core Inductor Includes iron

Variable Inductor  

Power Supply Symbols

Voltage Source Generates constant voltage

Current Source Generates constant current.

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 A report on electrical diagram

AC Voltage Source AC voltage source

Electrical voltage is generated by mechanical

Generator
rotation of the generator

Battery Cell Generates constant voltage

Battery Generates constant voltage

Generates voltage as a function of voltage or current

Controlled Voltage Source
of other circuit element.

Generates current as a function of voltage or current

Controlled Current Source
of other circuit element.

Meter Symbols

Measures voltage. Has very high resistance.

Voltmeter
Connected in parallel.

Measures electric current. Has near zero resistance.

Ammeter
Connected serially.

Ohmmeter Measures resistance

Wattmeter Measures electric power

Lamp / Light Bulb Symbols

Generates light when current flows through
Lamp / light bulb

Lamp / light bulb

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 A report on electrical diagram

Lamp / light bulb

Skill developed / Learning out of the Micro-Project

 Understands basic types of electrical drawings.
 Can produce a floor plan that displays understanding.
 Draws and understands a wiring diagram.
 Knows the difference between a circuit drawing and a wiring diagram.
 Understood the team work.

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