CLASS X

ENGLISH
HOLIDAY HOMEWORK AND ASSIGNMENT
(2021-22)
IMPORTANT POINTS

• Project and assignment are compulsory.

• All the questions have to be attempted according to the given instructions.
• PROJECT work can be done by using loose sheets. They can be put in a file or folder
for submission. It should be neat and well presented. Printouts are allowed only
for pictures. The rest of the content should be handwritten.
• Do all the questions of the ASSIGNMENT in the language register.

PROJECT
TASK 1
Read The wings of Fire, the biography of the former President of India Dr A.P.J Abdul Kalam,
a visionary scientist. Then write a review of the book in about 200-250 words commenting
on his views for the generation X and Y and what our youth can do to empower the nation.

TASK 2
Make two comic strips based on the story “His First Flight” by Liam O’ Flaherty and “A
Triumph of Surgery” by James Herriot. Before doing so let us explore what a comic strip is
and the points to be kept in mind before making one.

WHAT IS A COMIC STRIP?

All of us are very well familiar with comic books. We get to see comic strips in newspapers as
well. It is a sequence of drawings in boxes that tell an amusing story with dialogues given in
speech bubbles. Sometimes the story revealed through a comic strip can also be related to
serious issues.

HOW YOU WILL MAKE A COMIC STRIP BASED ON HIS FIRST FLIGHT
• You have to imagine yourself in a situation similar to that of the young seagull.
• Think of a situation where you had to do something challenging and tough for the first
time but you were apprehensive and could not perform that task.
• You were scared because of the newness of the task to be done.
• But you finally did it and felt confident. You also experienced a sense of achievement.
• After a long time you decide to narrate about your experience to your close friend or
cousin or any relative or parents.
• Don’t forget to mention about your fears, and how you doubted yourself.
IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND:

• Plan and organise your ideas for the comic strip based on the story.
• Keep the central ideas of the story in mind while writing dialogues.
• You can write 4 to 6 pairs of dialogues. Draw speech bubbles to write the dialogues
between you and the person you are narrating your experience to.
• As you plan your narration in the comic strip, keep in mind the theme of the story. You
must mention who helped, supported and guided you.
• You can draw two figures for the illustrations in the comic strip. If you are comfortable
with drawing you can draw human figures or simple cartoons depicting two people.
Add colours to your comic strip and keep the layout attractive.
• Don’t forget to mention about the fears and doubts tormenting your mind before
doing that task. You may add dialogues like
- “I could not muster up enough courage to….”
- “Then my father/mother/friends….”
- “Now I feel more confident and I have realized….”

Example of the kind of comic strip you have to make, including two characters and
dialogues between them. The dialogues should be related to the theme of the story.

Asha, today I want to Oh really! It must have

tell you how as a child been tough. What did
you do then?
I felt so scared when….

NOTE: The figures here are black and white. You can add colours as well.

HOW YOU WILL MAKE A COMIC STRIP BASED ON A TRIUMPH OF SURGERY

• You have to write dialogues between the veterinary surgeon and Mrs Pumphrey.
• Think of a situation where Mrs Pumphrey has realized her mistake and decides to
thank the vet.
• You can also mention how she has decided to change the lifestyle of her dog, Tricki.
• Write about how the narrator appreciates her efforts.
IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND:

• Plan and organise your ideas for the comic strip based on the story.
• Keep the central ideas of the story in mind while writing dialogues.
• You can write 4 to 6 pairs of dialogues. Draw speech bubbles to write the dialogues
between you and the person you are narrating your experience to.
• As you plan your narration in the comic strip, keep in mind the two characters of the
story.
• You can draw two figures for the illustrations in the comic strip. If you are comfortable
with drawing you can draw human figures or simple cartoons depicting two people.
Add colours to your comic strip and keep the layout attractive.
• Don’t forget to mention about how Mrs Pumphrey is apologetic about her mistakes
and how she spoiled the dog. Also mention how Mr Herriot is happy that she has finally
decided to change. You may add dialogues like
- “Mr Herriot, I have personally come to thank you….”
- “You have opened my eyes….”
- “Mrs Pumphrey, I am glad….”

Example of the kind of comic strip you have to make, including two characters and
dialogues between them. The dialogues should be related to central ideas of the
story.

Hello, Mrs Pumphrey! Good morning, Mr

What brought you Herriot. He is fine.
here. I hope Tricki is Actually I have come
to......
fine….

NOTE: The figures here are black and white. You can add colours as well.

IMPORTANT INSTRUCTIONS:

• Use a plain A-4 size pastel sheet to make your comic strip.
• Draw the frames for each pair of dialogues properly, depending on the length of the
dialogues.
• Make a neat border on the sheet.
• Dialogues are a must.
• The layout of the comic strips must be attractive. You can add colours as well.
 ASSIGNMNET
READING COMPREHENSION
Q.1 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
1. Internet has revolutionised the way we think, the way we do things and the way we
get information. It has given us the most important and powerful tool of
communication. The World Wide Web has increased our access to infinite database
of information. It has changed the way we do our daily tasks, like getting the current
news, doing shopping, banking activities etc. The internet has led to the age of
information. It is also known as computer age or digital age. The internet and
information age has also changed the way in which business is conducted. It has
given rise to companies that produce and sell information. Banking, insurance,
computer programming are some of the information intensive industries that gained
importance in the internet age.

2. In India, the internet was formally launched on 15th August, 1995 by Videsh Sanchar
Nigam Limited (VSNL). In 1986, an early form of internet was launched in India
known as Educational Research Network (ERNET). It was meant for the use of
educational and research purpose only. In 1988, NICNet was launched to improve
communication between government institutions. In 2014, India was the third
largest online market ranked only behind China and the United States. Hence, India
is not a market that can be ignored at the global stage. Internet users in the country
spend an average of 5.1 hours online, daily.

3. However, the contribution of internet to the GDP is lesser compared to other

countries. Compared with developed countries India lags behind in providing good
quality internet infrastructure. Internet penetration as a percentage of total
population is low. Monthly cost of broadband internet services is high.

4. In order to improve this situation, India needs to take certain initiatives. There is a
need to extend the internet infrastructure beyond tier-one cities. It should be
expanded to reach semi urban and rural areas. Access to internet and its usage
should be made less expensive. Digital literacy should be encouraged on a larger
scale. Internet based applications in various sectors of the economy, including
agriculture should be introduced. A favourable and supportive environment should
be created for internet business

1.1 Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:
a) The antonym of limited in paragraph 1 is:
(i) intensive (iii) infinite
(ii) revolutionized (iv) gained
 b) What has changed the way we do our daily tasks:
(i) The World Wide Web (iii) communication
(ii) education (iv) information

c) ERNET was launched mainly for the purpose of:

(i) entertainment (iii) for research purpose
(ii) for educational purpose (iv) for educational and research purpose

d) What is not needed for creating internet business:

(i) a favourable and supportive environment
(ii) producing and selling of information
(iii) high cost of broadband internet service
(iv) none of the above

e) NICENet was launched to:

(i) for helping students in research work
(ii) for helping farmers
(iii) for improving communication between government and institutions
(iv) for providing users with good internet speed

f) In 2014, as an internet market, India was :

(i) ahead of China and U.S.A.
(ii) ahead only of China
(iii) ahead only of U.S.A.
(iv) ranked behind United States and China

g) India lags behind in:

(i) encouraging people to use internet
(ii) being a large internet market
(iii) providing good quality internet infrastructure
(iv) All of the above

h) The synonym of the word “widened” in paragraph 4 is:

(i) extend (iii) expanded
(ii) encouraged (iv) introduced
Q.2 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
1. Although everybody has a creative spark, the potential is not always fully utilized.
Many painters and tormented poets are merely comic stereotypes of the creative
personality. The essential traits of creativity are found among a variety of less
conspicuous creators, people in all walks of life. Unfortunately, the structure of our
social and educational environment does not always promote its growth.

2. Generally speaking, creative people often believe their purpose in life is to discover
and establish the interrelatedness of things, to make order out of disorder. They also
see problems where other see none and question the validity of even the most
widely accepted answers. Creative people are compulsive problem seekers not so
 much because they thrive on problems, but because their senses are attuned to a
world that demand to be put together, like jigsaw puzzle scattered on a table.

3. Several tests now in use reveal that highly creative people are much more open and
receptive to complexities than are less creative people. The creative people have a
tendency to break problems down into their most basic elements and then
reconstruct them into whole new problems, thereby discovering new relationships
and new solutions.

4. Highly creative people are not afraid to ask what may seem to be naïve, or silly
questions. They ask questions like, “Why don’t spiders get tangled in their own
webs?” and “Why do dogs turn in circles before lying down?” Such questions may
seem childlike, and in a way they are. Children have not yet had their innate creative
energies channelled into culturally accepted directions and can give full rein to their
curiosity. This is the absolute prerequisite for full creative functioning, in both
children and adults.

5. Unlike children, creative people appear to have vast stores of patience to draw upon.
Months, years and even decades can be devoted to a single problem.

6. The home that encourages inquisitiveness contributes to creative development. The

teachers who stresses questions rather than answers and reward curiosity rather
than restricting it is teaching a child to be creative.

2.1) Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:
a) In paragraph 1, synonym of ‘encourage’ is ________________
(i) recognize (ii) promote (iii) conspicuous (iv) essential
b) Unlike children, creative people seem to have:

(i) creativity (ii) talent (iii) curiosity (iv) patience

c) Creative people even challenge:
(i) children (iii) the most widely accepted answers
(ii) unusual things (iv) painters and poets
d) In paragraph 2, antonym of ‘decline’ is _________________
(i)thrive (ii) scattered (iii) attuned (iv) demands
e) Teachers can strengthen creativity by encouraging students:
(i) to follow rules (iii) to be careful about accurate answers
(ii) ask questions (iv) to remain curious and ask questions
f) Sadly, the growth of creativity is not promoted by:
(i) painters and poets
(ii) teachers
(iii) little children
(iv) the rigid structure of our social and educational environment

g) Which of these is necessary for “full creative functioning” :

(i) to channel one’s creative energy into culturally accepted directions
(ii) to remain curious
(iii) to utilize one’s creative energy in a way different from what is culturally
accepted
(iv) both (ii) and (iii)

h) Creative people do not feel hesitant about:

(i) asking naive questions (iii) challenging culturally accepted notions
(ii) devoting years to a single problems (iv) All of the above

i) Creative people have a tendency to:

(i) look down upon others (iii) to run away from problems
(ii) reconstruct new problems (iv) break down problems and leave them

j) What needs to be put together like a jigsaw puzzle:

(i) problems (iii) world
(ii) questions (iv) interrelated things

WRITING SKILLS AND GRAMMAR

1. You are K.K. Sharma, the Manager of Spring Field School, Dwarka. Your school
requires furniture for different labs and class rooms. Write a letter to Vikas Furniture
and Co. Kirti Nagar placing an order for the school furniture.(100-120 words)
Hints-
• Specification of the order
• Number of the furniture items required and discount
• Mode of payment
• Time of delivery
• Any other requirement.

1. Sushila, the Head Girl of Frank Anthony Senior Secondary School, Chandigarh, reads
the following advertisement. Her school is sending a group of students for summer
camp to Solan. She decides to write to Suri Travels Pvt. Ltd.to find out more details
 about the place, camping and other activities, accommodation, food, conveyance,
tour guide, charges etc. Write the letter. (100-120 words)

Summer Camp
At
Solan
A beautiful hill station
For further information, please contact
Suri Travel(P) Ltd.17, Sector 2, Chandigarh
Contact-24567890

2. You are Apoorva/ Aniket Sharma, the Librarian of Wisdom Public School,
Saharanpur. You had placed an order for a few books for your school library. When
the books were delivered you found that some of the books were damaged and
some were missing. Write a letter to the Sales Manager of Bharat Publishers Limited
Dehradun asking for their immediate replacement. (100-120 words)
Hints-
• Refer to the order
• Mention the missing and torn books
• Ask for the replacement
• Give a stipulated time

3. You are Manoj/ Manisha Mishra of 29, Sector A2, Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi—24. You
are shocked to see that during Lock Down 4 when people are requested to stay
home and stay safe, they are not following social distancing and coming out of their
houses for some or the other reason. A lot of people do not have Arogya Setu App in
their mobile. There are many areas which are very crowded and people are not
bothered about the safety measures. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily
expressing your concern about the same and suggesting some measures which can
be taken in this hour coronavirus pandemic. (100-120 words)

4. Study the graph given below, it is based on a survey done on students of tenth class
in three different types of schools in New Delhi. The chart depicts the number of
students speaking English and Hindi. On the basis of the details given in the bar
graph given below, write an analytical paragraph in about 100-120 words.
 90

80

70

60

50
English
40 Hindi
30

20

10

0
Government Private Kendriya Vidhyalay

5. In a recent survey held in 100 schools, aiming to find the best pencil brands
preferred by the students, the following bar chart was deduced. Analyse the findings
and write a paragraph in about 100 to 120 words.

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
natraj doms apsara camlin

6. The following paragraphs have not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write
the error and the correction in your answer sheet against the correct blank number.
(The first one has been done as an example.)
Error Correction
(a) The year 2012 marks the 50th anniversary for eg. for of
the James Bond films. A first James Bond (a)……… ………
movie title, “Dr No” was released in 1962. (b)……… ………
Numerous events was held for fans (c)……… ……….
all over the word. (d)……... ……….
 (b) Due to shortage for land specially eg. for of
in India, most of the discard plastics (a)……… ………
is either burns or buried. Some (b)……… ……….
countries uses the solid waste for (c)……… ………
landfilling. However, a volume of (d)………. ………
the garbage produced is as large that (e)………. ……..
landfilling are no more the solution. (f)………. ……..
producing energy by use plastic (g)……….. ………
scrap as fuel had been in practice (h)………. ………
in some countries.

7. Read the passages given below and fill in each blank with one word only.
(a) Participation in team sports help to instil a sense of team spirit (a)…………….the
students. While participating in team sports, the children have to function
(b)…………..an entire team, and hence they (c)……………how to organize
themselves and function together. This process of team (d)………hones a person’s
overall communication skills and (e)…………….ability to get along (f)………….
different kinds of people. Thus, physical education is a necessary part of one’s
education.

(b) It must have (a)…………….around midnight when I drove home. As I approached

the gates (b)………………the bungalow , I switched (c)……………… the headlights of
the car, so that (d)………………beam wouldn’t swing in through the window
(e)…………..the side bedroom (f)…………..wake Harry Pope. I parked the car and
went to the balcony and switched (g)…………the light of the hall.

8. Read the conversations given below and then complete the paragraphs that follow.
Do not add any new information.
(a) Shopkeeper : How can I help you sir?
Customer : I want a pair of shoes.
Shopkeeper : What kind of shoes are you looking for, sir?
Customer : I want something in formal wear.
Shopkeeper : Can you please tell the colour please?
Customer : I think black would be better.
Shopkeeper : Sir, this one will suit your personality.
The customer walked into a shop. The shopkeeper asked him (a) ......
……………………………………. .The customer told him (b) …... ……………………………….
.The shopkeeper asked (c) ………………………………………………….. . The customer
replied (d) ……………………….………………………………….. . The shopkeeper asked
(e)…………....... ………………………………. . The customer said (f) …………………………..
………………………………………… . To this the shopkeeper showed him a pair and said
that the pair would suit his personality.
(b) Patient : I want an appointment with the doctor for this evening.
Receptionist : I’m sorry, I can’t give you an appointment before the 20th.
Patient : But why?
Receptionist : The doctor has gone out of the country.
Patient : Can I know the reason?
Receptionist : He has gone to take treatment for his knee injury.
The patient called a receptionist and (a)……………………………………
……………………………………………………….. The receptionist (b) ………
………………………………….an appointment before 20th. The patient (c) …
…………………………………………………..The receptionist replied (d)
………………………………………………………………………………. The patient
(e)……………………………………………………………………… .The receptionist replied
(f)…………………………………………………………… .
 ग्रीष्मावकाश कार्य (2021-22 )
कक्षा – 10
ववषर् –ह द
िं ी

ह द
िं ी पस्
ु तकें –
1. स्पशय भाग-2
2. सिंचर्न भाग – 2
3. व्र्ाकरण -- व्र्ाकरण पररचर् कोसय ब
Note : ह द
िं ी का केवल एक रजिस्टर बनाएँ – जिसमें प्रथम भाग 60% साह त्र् और 40% वपछला भाग व्र्ाकरण व
लेखन के ललए इस्तेमाल करें
1. ननम्नललखखत पाठ के प्रश्न-उत्तर ह द
िं ी रजिस्टर में करें –
बड़े भाई सा ब

ननम्नललखखत प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक-दो पिंजततर्ों में दीजिए

प्रश्न 1. कथा नायक की रुचि ककन कायों में थी?
प्रश्न 2. बड़े भाई साहब छोट़े भाई स़े हर समय पहला सवाल क्या पूछत़े थ़े?
प्रश्न 3. दस
ू री बार पास होऩे पर छोट़े भाई क़े व्यवहार में क्या पररवततन आया?
प्रश्न 4. बड़े भाई साहब छोट़े भाई स़े उम्र में ककतऩे बड़े थ़े और व़े कौन-सी कक्षा में पढ़त़े थ़े?
प्रश्न 5. बड़े भाई साहब ददमाग को आराम द़े ऩे क़े ललए क्या करत़े थ़े?
ननम्नललखखत प्रश्नों के उत्तर ( 25-30 शब्दों में) ललखखए-
प्रश्न 1. छोट़े भाई ऩे अपनी पढ़ाई का टाइम-ट़े बबल बनात़े समय क्या-क्या सोिा और किर उसका पालन क्यों नहीीं कर
पाया?
प्रश्न 2. एक ददन जब गुल्ली-डींडा ख़ेलऩे क़े बाद छोटा भाई बड़े भाई साहब क़े सामऩे पहुुँिा तो उनकी क्या प्रततकिया हुई
?
प्रश्न 3. बड़े भाई साहब को अपऩे मन की इच्छाएुँ क्यों दबानी पडती थीीं?
प्रश्न 4. बड़े भाई साहब छोट़े भाई को क्या सलाह द़े त़े थ़े और क्यों ?
प्रश्न 5. छोट़े भाई ऩे बड़े भाई साहब क़े नरम व्यवहार का क्या फायदा उठाया?
(क) ननम्नललखखत प्रश्नों के उत्तर (50-60 शब्दों में) ललखखए-

प्रश्न 1. बड़े भाई की डाुँट-िटकार अगर न लमलती, तो क्या छोटा भाई कक्षा में अव्वल आता? अपऩे वविार प्रकट
कीजजए।

प्रश्न 2. इस पाठ में ल़ेखक ऩे समूिी लिक्षा क़े ककन तौर-तरीकों पर व्यींग्य ककया है ? क्या आप उनक़े वविार स़े सहमत
हैं? (VIMP)

प्रश्न 3. बड़े भाई साहब क़े अनुसार जीवन की समझ कैस़े आती है ?
प्रश्न 4. छोट़े भाई क़े मन में बड़े भाई साहब क़े प्रतत श्रद्धा क्यों उत्पन्न हुई?
प्रश्न 5. बड़े भाई की स्वभावगत ववि़ेषताएुँ बताइए? (VIMP)
प्रश्न 6. बड़े भाई साहब ऩे जजींदगी क़े अनुभव और ककताबी ज्ञान में स़े ककस़े और क्यों महत्त्वपर्
ू त कहा है ?(VIMP)
प्रश्न 8. तनम्नललखखत मह
ु ावरों का अथत ललखकर वाक्य में प्रयोग कीजजए - (VIMP)
छोटा मुुँह बडी बात - है लसयत स़े बढ़िढ़कर बोलना
पहाड होना - कदठन- कायत
प्रार् सूखना - भयभीत होना
हुँसी-ख़ेल न होना - आसान कायत होना
ऐरा-गैरा नत्थू-खैरा - महत्वहीन व्यजक्त
आुँखें िोडना - बहुत पढ़ना
खन
ू जलाना - बहुत म़ेहनत करना
घोंघा होना - मूखत होना
सूजक्त-बार् िलाना- व्यींग्यपूर्त िुभती बातें कहना
लसर पा नींगी तलवार लटकना - साक्षात मौत ददखाई द़े ना
दहम्मत टूट जाना- तनराि होना
दब़े पाुँव- िुपिाप
आड़े हाथों ल़ेना- डॉटना
घोर तपस्या- कदठन पररश्रम
ह़े कडी जताना- अलभमान/गवत करना
लोह़े क़े िऩे िबाना – असम्भव कायत करना
चगरह बाुँधना – अच्छी तरह समझना
अींध़े क़े हाथ बट़े र लगना – भाग्यवि अच्छी वस्तु लमल जाना
पापड ब़ेलना – मुसीबतों का सामना करना
दाुँतों पसीना आ जाना – म़ेहनत में कष्ट का अनुभव करना
जहर लगना- बुरा लगना
स्वींछ्नन्द होना – मनमानी करना
आट़े -दाल का भाव मालम
ू होना – सच्िाई का पता लगना
______________________________________________________

ननम्नललखखतकार्य(test note book) र्ा एक अलगकॉपी में करें :---

पररर्ोिना कार्य

प्रश्न 1.‘बड़े भाई साहब’ कहानी में जजींदगी स़े प्राप्त अनुभवों को ककताबी ज्ञान स़े ज्यादा महत्त्वपर्
ू त बताया गया है । अपऩे
माता-वपता बड़े भाई-बहनों या अन्य बुजुग/त बड़े सदस्यों स़े उनक़े जीवन क़े बाऱे में बातिीत कीजजए और पता लगाइए कक
ब़ेहतर ढीं ग स़े जजींदगी जीऩे क़े ललए क्या काम आया-समझदारी/पुराऩे अनुभव या ककताबी पढ़ाई?

प्रश्न 2. ‘कोरोना वार्रस : वैजश्वक म ामारी’ ववषर् पर 100-120 शब्दों में अनुच्छे द लेखन कीजिए।

प्रश्न 3. कोववलशल्ड वैतसीन अथवा कोवैजतसन ववषर् पर ववज्ञापन बनाइए ।

प्रश्न 4. सिंत कबीरदास िी का िीवन पररचर् व कोई पाँच साखखर्ाँ पाठर्पुस्तक के अनतररतत खोि कर ललखें.
 संस्कृत -ग्रीष्मावाकाशगह
ृ कार्यं

कक्षा -दशमी (2021-22)

निर्ाारित -पुस्तकानि –

❖ शेमुषी द्वितीयो भाग:

❖ अभ्यासिान ् भि द्वितीयो भाग: (व्याकरणं)

निदे शा: सवााणि कार्यााणि लघुसंचिकार्याम ् (टे स्ट कॉपी) ललखत |

➢ अचर्कार्यं

प्र०1 “पयाािरणम ्”इतत शब्दस्य ककम ् अभभप्राय:अस्स्त ?

प्र० 2 पाठे कवि: कतत प्रकारस्य प्रदष
ू णविषये चचाां करोतत ?प्रदष
ू ण तनिारणाय
संरक्षणाय च ककम ् -ककम ् करणीयं ?

प्र० 3 एकपदे न उत्तरत-(पाठाधाररतम ् )

क)चक्रं कीदृशम ् चलतत ?

ख)कवि: कस्मात्त ् दरू ं गन्तुम ् इच्छतत ?

ग)कीदृशीनां िक्ष
ृ ाणाम ् माला रमणीया भिेत ् ?

घ)कवि कुत्र संचरणम ् कतुां इच्छतत ?

ड.)लतानाम ् माला कीदृशी भिेत ् ?

च) लतातरुगुल्मा कुत्र वपष्टा न भिन्तु ?

छ)भश
ृ ं दवू षतं ककम ् अस्स्त ?

प्र० 4 विलोमपदातन भलखत –

 बहु ,रुचचरं कान्तारे ,जीवितं ,शचु च: ,भश
ृ ं िक्रम ्

➢ परिर्योजिाकार्यं

प्र०1 “आरोग्यं परमं सुखं” शरीररक्षणाय व्यायाम: परमािश्यक:अस्स्त |व्यायामस्य

लाभा:इतत विषयं अचधकृत्य संस्कृते एकं अनच्
ु छे दम ् भलखत |आसनानां सचचत्रम ्
संकभलत कृत्िा भलखत |

अथिा

‘िक्ष
ृ ा:अस्माकं भमत्राणण’इतत पयाािारणस्य रक्षणाथां िक्ष
ृ ारोपणम ् केन प्रकारे ण
सहायक:अस्स्त | िक्ष
ृ ाणाम ् ककम ् -ककम उपयोचगता अस्स्त ?
 HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT

CLASS 10 (MATHEMATICS)

1. In your Mathematics register complete (from NCERT Book):

Ex 2.1 to Ex 2.3, Ex 2.4 Q3, Q4 and Q5

2. In assignment register do the assignment on Chapter 2 –

Polynomials.

3. Complete the four LAB ACTIVITIES given below in LAB FILE.

(Purchase any Mathematics/Physics/Chemistry interleaf Lab File

Diagrams, graphs and cut outs to be pasted on L.H.S blank sheet.)

LAB ACTIVITY 1
LINEAR EQUATIONS
Objective :
To verify the conditions for consistency of a system of linear equations in
two variables by graphical representation
.
Pre-requisite Knowledge :
A pair of linear equations in two variables

Materials Required :
Graph papers, glue stick, geometry box, pair of scissors.

Procedure :
We consider the three pairs of linear equations
1st pair : 2x-5y+4=0, 2x+y-8 = 0

1. Obtain at least three ordered pairs (x, y) which satisfy the given equations.
2. Draw two perpendicular axes on the graph paper and plot the points.

3. Join the points to obtain two lines (Fig-1).

Observation
We observe that two lines are INTERSECTING each other at (3, 2)

Pair of equations has a UNIQUE SOLUTION : x = 3, y = 2

System of equations is CONSISTENT

𝒂𝟏 𝟐 𝒃𝟏 −𝟓 𝒄𝟏 𝟒 −𝟏
= = 𝟏, = = −𝟓, = =
𝒂𝟐 𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝟏 𝒄𝟐 −𝟖 𝟐

In this case:

2nd Pair : 4x + 6y = 24 , 2x + 3y = 6 or 4x + 6y – 24 = 0 , 2x + 3y – 6 = 0
Observation

We obtain two PARALLEL LINES. Pair of equations has NO SOLUTION.

System of equations is INCONSISTENT.

𝒂𝟏 𝟒 𝒃𝟏 𝟔 𝒄𝟏 −𝟐𝟒
= = 𝟐, = = 𝟐, = = 𝟒
𝒂𝟐 𝟐 𝒃𝟐 𝟑 𝒄𝟐 −𝟔

In this case

3rd Pair : x - 2y = 5, 3x - 6y = 15 or x-2y – 5 = 0, 3x-6y – 15 = 0

Obtain 3 ordered pair solutions of each equation.

Plot the points and join them, to obtain two lines.
(Do yourself)
Observation

We obtain two COINCIDENT (Overlapping) LINES. Pair of equations has

INFINITE SOLUTIONS.
System of equations is CONSISTENT(DEPENDENT).

𝒂𝟏 𝟏 𝒃𝟏 −𝟐 𝟏 𝒄𝟏 −𝟓 𝟏
= , = = , = =
𝒂𝟐 𝟑 𝒃𝟐 −𝟔 𝟑 𝒄𝟐 −𝟏𝟓 𝟑

Here

OBSERVATION
TABLE
LINEAR GRAPH SYSTEM SOLUTION CONDITION
EQUATIONS
2x - 5y + 4=0 Intersecting Consistent Unique
2x + y - 8 = 0 Lines Solution
4x + 6y = 24 Parallel Inconsistent No Solution
2x + 3y = 6 Lines
X - 2y = 5 Coincident Consistent Infinite
3x -6y = 15 (Overlapping) (Dependent) Solutions
Lines

RESULT
Pair of linear equations

is
Inconsistent if

Consistent if
(i)

(ii)
ACTIVITY – 2
ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
Objective
To verify that the sum of first n natural numbers is by graphical
method.
Prerequisite Knowledge
1. Concept of natural numbers
2. Area of squares and rectangles.

Materials Required
Graph papers, coloured pens, geometry box

Procedure
Let us consider the sum of first n natural numbers. Let n = 10, n + 1 = 11.
Sn = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ----- + n
S10 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ----- + 10
1. Take a graph paper and cut a rectangle of size 10x11.
2. Mark the squares 1, 2, 3, ….., n, (n + 1 = 11) along the vertical line (y-axis) and 1,2,
3,…. ,n = 10 along the horizontal line (x-axis).
3.Colour the rectangular strips of length 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, -------, n = 10 cm each
of width 1 cm representing natural numbers 1,2,3,---------,10 (Fig. 1).

11
10

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

FIG – 2
4.Using scissors cut out the coloured region from rectangle obtained in
step 3 (Fig 2)

(Paste both coloured and non-coloured pieces on L.H.S)

Observation

When the coloured piece is placed on top of non coloured piece, the two
pieces overlap each other.
We observe, number of shaded squares = x total no. of squares
No. of shaded squares = 1+ 2 + 3 + … + n
Total squares = Area of rectangle = n (n + 1)
Therefore 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n = n(n + 1)

Mathematically

Area of rectangle PQRS = 10 x 11

Area of shaded region = x 10 x 11 = 55 ……………….(i)
Also, area of shaded region = (1 x 1) + (2 x 1) + (3 x 1) +… + (10 x 1)
= 1+2 + 3 + … +10 = 55 …………………….(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
1+2 + 3 + … + 10= x 10 x 11 = 55

ACTIVITY – 3
Tangents drawn from an external point
Objective
To verify using the method of paper cutting, pasting and folding that the
lengths of tangents drawn from an external point are equal.

Pre-requisite knowledge
Tangent to a circle is a line which touches a circle at only one point. This
point is called point of contact.

Materials required
coloured papers, pair of scissors, ruler, sketch pens, compass, pencil.

Procedure
1. Draw a circle of any radius ( 4/5cm ) on a coloured paper using compass
and cut it. Mark its centre as o.
2. Paste the cut out of circle on a rectangular sheet of paper.[Fig 1 ]
3. Mark any point P outside the circle. [Fig 1 ]
4. From P fold the paper in such a way that it just touches the circle to get a
crease line as tangent PA (A is the point of contact). [Fig 2] Draw PA with
scale and pencil.
5. Repeat step 4 to get another crease line as tangent PB to the circle (B is
the point of contact).[Fig 3]. Draw PB with scale and pencil.
6. Join the centre of the circle O to P, A and B. [Fig 4 & 5]
7. Fold the paper along OP. [Fig 6]

Observations
We observe that
1. ΔOPA and ΔOPB completely cover each other.
2. Length of tangent PA = Length of tangent PB.
Measuring lengths of line segments,
PA =----
PB = ----
Hence PA = PB (approximately)
Fig -1 Fig – 2

Fig-3 Fig-4

Fig-5 Fig -6
 ACTIVITY 4
Finding probability
Objective
To get familiar with the idea of probability of an event through a double
colour card experiment.

Pre-requisite knowledge
The formula of probability of an event E is :
P (E) = No. of outcomes favourable to E / Total no. of outcomes.

Materials required
card board of size 15cm × 15 cm, glazed paper (2different colours), pair of
scissors, fevistick/glue stick, sketch pens and an empty transparent bag.
Procedure
A. Preparation of material for performing the activity.
1. Take a card board and paste glazed papers of two different colours, one
on each side of cardboard (Say red and yellow) or colour the two sides.
[Fig 1(a)]
2. Cut the cardboard into 36 small squared pieces of same size.
3. Write all the 36 possible outcomes obtained by throwing two dice. e.g.
for the outcome (2, 1), write 2 on the red side and 1 on the yellow side of
the squared card pieces.

Fig 1(a)
RY RY RY RY RY RY
(1,1) (2,1) (3,1) (4,1) (5,1) (6,1)
(1,2) (2,2) (3,2) (4,2) (5,2) (6,2)
(1,3) (2,3) (3,3) (4,3) (5,3) (6,3)
(1,4) (2,4) (3,4) (4,4) (5,4) (6,4)
(1,5) (2,5) (3,5) (4,5) (5,5) (6,5)
(1,6) (2,6) (3,6) (4,6) (5,6) (6,6)
POSSIBLE OUTCOMES
B. For finding the required probability of an event do the following
1. Take out each card one by one without replacement and fill the observation
table by putting tick mark (√) on favourable outcomes and cross (×) otherwise.
2. Count the (√) marks from the columns of observation table.

Sr. Outcomes Sum ≥ 9 Sum < 5 Sum = 7 Odd on red, Doublet

No. RED YELLOW even on yellow
1 1 2 X √ X √ x
2 6 6 √ X X X √
3 --------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------

36

Observations
Total number of possible outcomes = 36
Total number of favourable outcomes (Sum ≥ 9) = ________________________
Probability (Sum ≥ 9) = ---------
Total number of favourable outcomes (Sum < 5) = ___________________________
Probability (Sum < 5) = ---------
Total number of favourable outcomes (Sum = 7) = ___________________________
Probability (Sum = 7) = ---------
Total number of favourable outcomes (Odd number on red and even
number on yellow side of the card) = ___________________________
Probability (Odd no. on red and even no. on yellow side of the card) = -------
Number of favourable outcomes (Doublet) = -------------------------------
Probability (Doublet) = ---------
(After completing the activity, put 36 square pieces in a transparent
polythene bag and staple the bag on L.H.S. sheet)
4. On A-4 size sheets, do the following project:
PROJECT – 1 A
Aims and Objectives
1. Prove that the sum of the perimeters of the inscribed semicircles is equal
to the perimeter of the outside semicircle.
2. Find the ratio of area of larger semicircle to area of each small semicircle
3. Find the ratio of area of larger semicircle to sum of areas of small
semicircles
4. Find the area of the region of larger semicircle not included in smaller
semicircles.
Prerequisite Knowledge
The perimeter of a circle = 2π r
The area of a circle = π r2
Methodology
1. Draw a figure with
semicircle (AE =10cm) with
a series of smaller
semicircles (AB=1cm,
BC=2cm, CD=3cm and DE
=4cm) constructed inside it.
Use a compass and ruler to
construct the semicircles.
2. Ensure that the sum of the diameters
of the four smaller semicircles is equal to the diameter of the large
semicircle.
3. Establish the relationship between the area and perimeter of the larger
semicircle and the sum of the four smaller semicircles.
4. Use different coloured paper/colour semicircles with different colours
to make your diagram attractive.
5. Cut pieces of string or wool of different colours equal to the arc-lengths
of the semicircles. You can use these to demonstrate that the perimeter
lengths are indeed equal.
6. Tabulate your findings mathematically, prove the result.
7. Present your work on A- 4 pages.
 1B
Aims and Objectives
1. To explore the concept of an arbelos.
2. Find out about the mathematician who did research on arbelos.
3. Which instrument of the same shape is popularly used?
4. Buildings or structures in shape of arbelos ?
Prerequisite Knowledge
Properties of rectangle
Angle in a semicircle is 90°
Tangent to a circle is a line which touches a circle at only one point (called
point of contact). Also, tangent is perpendicular to the radius through point of
contact.

F G

Methodology
Make a diagram of an arbelos on A-4 sheet (Take BC = 10 or 12 cm). Let
point A lies between points B and C on a straight line segment BC.
3 Semicircles are drawn on the same side of the line segment BC having BA,
AC and BC as diameters. The arbelos is the figure bounded by these three
semicircles (the arbelos is in blue).
Colour the semicircles to make an attractive diagram.

PROVE
1. Quadrilateral ADHE is a rectangle.
2. OA = OD = OE
3. DE is tangent to small circles. (Prove ∠FDE =90° and ∠DEG = 90°)
4. To verify and prove that the area of the arbelos (blue coloured region)
is equal to the area of circle with radius AH.
 Maths Assignment
Class - X Chapter 2:- Polynomials

Q1. If p(x) = 2x2 – 3x – 5, find value of p (-1)

Q2. The maximum number of zeroes a polynomial can have is equal to

---------------------------------.

Q3. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k – 1) x² + kx + 1 is

– 3, then the value of k is

Q4. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + (a + 1) x + b are 2 and

-3, then
(a) a = -7, b = -1 (b) a = 5, b = -1 (c) a = 2, b = -6 (d) a = 0, b = -6

Q5. The number of polynomials having zeroes as -2 and 5 is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) more than 3

Q6. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x² – 15x + 50 are

(a) both negative (b) one positive and one negative
(c) both positive (d) both equal

Q7. If x3 + 1 is divided by x² + 5, then the possible degree of quotient is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

Q8. If x3 + 11 is divided by x² – 3, then the possible degree of remainder

is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) less than 2

Q9. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x² + 3x + b is 2, then the

value of b is
(a) 10 (b) -8 (c) 9 (d) -1

Q10. Zeroes of a polynomial can be determined graphically. Number of

zeroes of a polynomial is equal to number of points where the graph of
polynomial
(a) intersects y-axis (b) intersects x-axis
(c) intersects y-axis or intersects x-axis (d) none of these

Q11. A polynomial of degree n has

(a) only 1 zero (b) at least n zeroes
(c) at most n zeroes (d) more than n zeroes

Q12. The graph of y =f(x) is given below.

The number of zeroes of f(x) is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) none of these

Q13. Which of the following is not the graph of quadratic polynomial?

(i) a (ii) b (iii) c (iv) d

Q14. If zeroes of p(x) = 2x² -Ix + k are reciprocal of each other, then
value of k is _____.

Q15.

Graph of the polynomial p(x) = px² + 4x – 4 is given as above. Find the

value of p.

Q16. Find the zeroes of the following quadratic polynomials and verify
the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients: -

a) 5x2 – 29x + 20 b) 3√3x2 – 19x + 10√3

c) x2 – 9 d) x2 – 5x

Q17. Form the Quadratic polynomials whose zeros are:

a) √3 and -√3 b) 3 + √2 and 3 - √2

Q18. Divide by and verify the division

algorithm.

Q19. If and are the zeroes of find the value of .

Q20 Case Study Based
Applications of Parabolas – BRIDGES

The figure above shows a wire bridge representing a mathematical

shape – parabola. Parabolas are symmetric about a vertical line
known as the Axis of Symmetry.
(i) Each of the u shaped curve - parabola is representing
(a) a linear polynomial (b) a quadratic polynomial
(c) a cubic polynomial (d) a biquadratic polynomial
(ii) The maximum number of zeroes a polynomial can have is equal to
(a) The number of terms (b) Constant term
(c) Coefficient of highest power term (d) The degree of polynomial
(iii) If the hanging wire touches the bridge at only one point, then the
polynomial representing hanging wire will have
(a) no zeroes (b) two distinct zeroes (c) two equal zeroes
(d) three zeroes
(iv) The zeroes of the polynomial
represented by the graph are:
(a) -1, -3 (b) -1, 3 (c) 3, 5 (d) -4, 2

(v) The sum and product of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial are 3
and -10 respectively. The quadratic polynomial is
(a) x2 – 3x + 10 (b) x2 + 3x - 10 (c) x2 – 3x - 10 (d) x2 + 3x + 10
 HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT CLASS 10th SCIENCE
(CHEMISTRY)

1) DO THE FOLLOWING ASSIGNMENT IN YOUR ASSIGNMENT REGISTER

2) COMPLETE TWO PRACTICALS (GIVEN BELOW) IN YOUR PRACTICAL FILE

ASSIGNMENT

Q1 In electrolysis of water, why is the volume of gas collected over one electrodedouble than that of the
other electrode? Name the gases and the respective electrode on which they are obtained.

Q2 Give three types of decomposition reaction. Also give one example for each in the form of equations.

Q3 When hydrogen is passed over copper oxide, copper and steam are formed. Write a balanced equation
for this reaction and state which of the chemicals are:
(i) Elements
(ii) Compounds
(iii) Reactants
(iv) Products
(v) Metals
(vi) Non Metals

Q4 (a) What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations bebalanced?
(b) Aluminium burns in chlorine to form aluminium chloride (AlCl3). Write abalanced chemical
equation for this reaction.
(c) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Write a
balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

Q5 Write any two observations in an activity, which may suggest that a chemical reaction has taken place.
Give an example in support of your answer

Q6 (a) Aluminium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid to form aluminiumsulphate and water. Write a
balanced equation for this reaction.
(b) Balance the following chemical equation: MnO2 + HCl --- MnCl2 +

Cl2 + H2O

Q7 Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions, and add the state symbols:

(a) Magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride,
carbon dioxide and water.
(b) Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid to produce sodium sulphate and water.

Q8 What type of chemical reaction stake place when:

(a) A magnesium wire is burnt in air?
(b) Lime-stone is heated?
(c) Silver bromide is exposed to sunlight?
(d) Electricity is passed through water?
(e) Ammonia and hydrogen chloride are mixed (Give the equations for
all of them)
Q9 (a) What happens when a piece of iron metal is placed in copper sulphate solution? Name the type of
reaction involved.
 (b) Write balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reaction and state the
type of reaction:
Barium chloride solution reacts with sodium sulphate solution to giveinsoluble barium sulphate
and a solution of sodium chloride.

Q10 What happens when silver nitrate solution is added to sodium chloride solution?
(a) Write the equation for the reaction, which takes place.
(b) Name the type of reaction involved.

Q11 A white lead salt, when heated, produces a yellow residue and brown fumes.
(a) Name the lead salt.
(b) Name the brown fumes.
(c) Write a chemical equation of the reaction involved and name the type of reaction.

Q12 A metal salt MX when exposed to light splits up to form metal M and a gasX2. Metal M is used in
making ornaments whereas gas X2 is used in making bleaching powder. The salt MX is itself used in black
and white photography.
(a) What do you think metal M is?
(b) What could be gas X2?
(c) Name the metal salt MX.
(d) Name any two salt solutions, which on mixing together can produce a precipitate of salt MX.
(e) What type of chemical reaction takes place when salt MX is exposed to light? Write the equation of the
reaction.
Experiment 1: Determine pH with pH indicator strips / universal indicator solution

Aim:

To find the pH of the following samples by using pH paper / universal indicator.

1. Dilute hydrochloric acid.

2. Dilute NaOH solution.
3. Dilute ethanoic acid solution.
4. Lemon juice.
5. Water.
6. Dilute sodium bicarbonate solution.

Materials Required:
The Procedure:

1. Take six strips pH paper and place them on a glazed tile. Mark them 1 to 6.
2. Take the test solutions in separate test tubes. Dissolve the solid substance by adding distilled water to
it. Label the test tubes.
3. Now, place a drop of the test solution on one strip of the pH paper with the help of a fine dropper or
glass rod. Use a fresh dropper for each test solution.
4. Observe the colour produced and match it with the different colour shades of the standard colour pH
chart.
5. Note down the colour of the pH from the colour chart that matches most closely with the colour
produced on the pH paper.
6. Similarly, find the pH value of the remaining samples by using a fresh strip of pH paper and a separate
glass rod or fine dropper for each one.

Observations:

Sl.No Sample solution Colour produced on pH paper Approximate pH Inference

1 Dil.HCl
2 Dil. NaOH
3 Dil. Ethanoic acid
4 Lemon juice
5 Water
6 Dil. Sodium bicarbonate sol.

Precautions:

1. Use only the standard colour chart supplied with the pH paper for assessing the ph value.
2. Keep the pH strips away from chemical fumes.
3. Either use fresh fine dropper or glass rod for each different sample or wash the dropper or rod well with
water every time.
Experiment 2: Properties of Acids and Bases

Aim

To study the properties of acids and bases (HCl and NaOH) by their reaction with:

• Litmus solution (blue/Red)

• Zinc metal
• Solid sodium carbonate

Materials Required:

• Test Tubes
• Blue & Red Litmus Papers or solutions
• Zinc Metal
• Solid Sodium Carbonate
• Lime Water
• Match Stick

Procedure:

Action of litmus solution with acid and base.

Experiment Observation Inference

Take a little amount of blue and red
litmus solutions separately in two test HCl is an acid having pH value
Blue litmus turns red.
tubes. Add few drops of HCl to each test below 7.
tube using a dropper.

Take a little amount of blue and red

litmus solutions separately in two test NaOH is an alkali having pH
Red litmus turns blue.
tubes. Add few drops of NaOH to each value more than 7.
test tube using a dropper.

The evolution of hydrogen gas can be seen by conducting the following experiments.

Experiment Observation Inference

Take some pieces of zinc metal in a A gas is evolved. It
boiling tube. Add few drops of HCl extinguishes the
into the boiling tube using a burning matchstick
dropper. Then place a dropper with and burns itself with The gas evolved is hydrogen which
a fine jet on the mouth of the tube. mild explosion and burns with mild explosion.
Heat the boiling tube. Bring a produces a popping
burning matchstick near the mouth sound.
of the fine jet.

Take some pieces of zinc metal in a A gas is evolved. It The gas evolved is hydrogen which
 boiling tube. Add few drops of extinguishes the burns with mild explosion.
NaOH into the boiling tube using a burning matchstick
dropper. Then place a dropper with and burns itself with
a fine jet on the mouth of the tube. mild explosion and
Heat the boiling tube. Bring a produces a popping
burning matchstick near the mouth sound.
of the fine jet.

Action of HCl on solid sodium carbonate

Experiment Observation Inference

Take a small quantity of solid
sodium carbonate in a flask.
Then add distilled water into
it. Cork the flask with a
double bore cork and insert a
thistle funnel into the flask.
Then place a beaker
A gas is evolved The gas produced is carbon dioxide due to the
containing lime water near
which turns lime action of HCl on Na2CO3, which turns lime
the flask. Then insert one end
water turns milky. water milky.
of the delivery tube into the
flask and the other end into
the beaker. Now add HCl into
the flask through the thistle
funnel and observe the
change in colour of the lime
water.

Action of NaOH on solid sodium carbonate

Experiment Observation Inference

Take a small quantity of
solid sodium carbonate in a
test tube and add a little of
The solution in Both NaOH and Na2CO3 are alkali so they do not
NaOH solution into it. Then
the test tube react but form alkaline solution. Phenolphthalein
shake the test tube well.
turns pink. gives pink colour in an alkaline medium.
Then add few drops of
phenolphthalein into the
test tube.

Precautions:

1. Take small quantities of zinc, HCl and NaOH for their reaction, otherwise large amount of hydrogen
produced may cause explosion.
2. To hydrogen burning take a fine jet.
3. Add HCl to Na2CO3, only when apparatus is made carefully airtight.

NaOH and HCl are injurious, handle these chemicals car

 Physics Holiday Homework
Physics Assignment 1
Q1) Define the following terms:

a) Electric charge
b) Electric current
c) Electric circuit
d) Battery
e) Electric Conductor and insulator

Q2) Which fundamental particles carry charge?

Q3) Are these fundamental particles available freely around us or some where in space?

Q4) What is the size of basic unit of charge?

Q5) Write SI unit of electric charge

Q6) What do you mean by polarity of electric charge?

Q7) What actually constitutes electric current inside electric wire?

Q8) Why protons will never flow in electric wire?

Q9) What happens inside wire without battery and with battery? Explain with two different diagrams

Physics Assignment 2
Q1) Explain the difference between conventional current and electronic current.

Q2) Why do we need conventional current when we can work with electronic current easily?

Q3) What is perpendicular cross section of a conducting wire? What it has to do to with measurement of electric current
inside a conductor?

Q4) What are essential components used in a circuit? Draw a circuit diagram (use pencil and ruler)

Q5) What are different types of keys? Draw their symbols in ON and OFF positions

Q6) What symbols and SI units are used to represent:

a) electric charge

b) electric current

c) time

Write a relation that connects all three

Q7) Use the above relation to find out the number of electrons that will constitute 1 SI unit of current.

Physics Assignment 3
From NCERT BOOK:

example 12.1

Box questions (3 Q)

Page 200

Example 12.2
Box Questions ( 3Q)

Page 202

Draw and learn circuit symbols

Page 203

Read activities 12.1 and 12.2 (there can be unfamilar terms or names mentioned.Take help of Google)

2 Write the basic formula that defines Electric current,potential difference,electric power and electrical energy

Physics Project
Project- This will be used for internal assessment (portfolio)

Name of project:- Energy and its sources on Earth

---- you can start by writing why do we need energy,traditional sources of energy used by world/ indians,Renewable and
non renewable sources,their types : wind,solar,geothermal, ocean thermal energy,hydroelectricity, nuclear etc.Effect of
using renewable sources on environment /earth,availability.Dont copy paste anything.

Google it,paste pictures wherever possible. Make a separate folder / file where you will write briefly but in your own
language.

You can quote examples from world where these sources are being used .You can give reasons why we are not using
certain sources.

10 to 15 pages of ruled sheets Would be enough.

List of Physics practicals (21-22)

Use lab manual(science class tenth) to write/record following expts

[You will make thick single practical file and divide pages for P,C and B]

1 Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing

through it and determine its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I.

2 Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and

parallel.

3Determination of the focal length of

i) Concave mirror

ii) Convex lens

by obtaining the image of a distant object.

4 Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the
angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result.

5 Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism. Unit-III

6. Finding the image distance for varying object distances in case of a convex lens and drawing corresponding ray
diagrams to show the nature of image formed
 OUR ENVIRONMENT
1. Why are bacteria and fungus called decomposers? List any two advantages of
decomposers.
2. Distinguish between producers and decomposers.
3. What is ten percent law? Explain with an example how energy flows through different
trophic levels.
4. Given below is a food chain,
Grass-→Grasshopper→Frog→Snake→Peacock.
What will happen to the members of different trophic levels in the food chain, if all the frogs
of that area are removed?
5. Why is it said that energy flow in the biosphere is unidirectional?
6.Give the technical term for the graphic representation of the trophic structures in a food
chain.
7. If a chemical enters a food chain comprising of fish, phytoplanktons and birds, which of
the organisms is likely to have minimum concentration of harmful chemicals in the body?
8. Mention one negative effect of out affluent life style on the environment.
9. Construct an aquatic food chain ending with shark.
10. Why is ozone layer getting depleted at higher levels of atmosphere?
11. During heavy rains in a village, rain water carried excessive nitrogen compounds to a
pond. How will it affect the growth of fish in the pond in the long run?
12. What are zooplanktons?
13. Give one example of an organism that act as a prey and also as a predator in a food
chain.
14. Explain how does making of kulhads affect our environment?
15. “Vegetarian food habits can sustain a larger number of people”.Justify the statement in
terms of food chain.
 SOCIAL SCIENCE HOLIDAY HOMEWORK

PROJECT WORK CLASS X

Every student has to compulsorily undertake any one project on the following topics:

Consumer Awareness
OR
Social Issues
OR
Sustainable Development
[ THE PROJECT SHOULD BE HANDWRITTEN AND DONE NEATLY IN A FILE]

2. Objective: The overall objective of the project work is to help students gain an insight and pragmatic understanding of
the theme and see all the Social Science disciplines from interdisciplinary perspective. It should also help in enhancing the
Life Skills of the students.

Students are expected to apply the Social Science concepts that they have learnt over the years in order to prepare the
project report

- If required, students may use different primary and secondary resources to prepare the project

- If possible, various forms of art may be integrated in the project work.

Assignment: Political Science (Power sharing)

1. What does the term ethnic signify.

2. Name the countries with which Belgium share its boundaries.

3. What is Majoritarianism.

4. Write a detailed note on the ethnic composition of Belgium and Sri Lanka.

5. What was the reason for social conflict in Belgium.

6. How the composition of the capital city of Brussels is different from Belgium.

7. Analyse the Belgian model of power sharing.

8. Why did Sri Lankan Tamils feel alienated in Sri Lanka.

9. What was the impact of majoritarian measures of the Sri Lankan govt on the Tamil population of Sri Lanka.

10. What lessons do we learn from social conflicts in Belgium and Sri Lanka for democracy.

11. Discuss the various power sharing mechanisms of modern democracies.

12. State the prudential and moral reasons for power sharing.

13. Which form of power sharing is also known as system of checks and balances.

14. What are the features for power sharing among govts at different levels.

15. When did Sri Lanka become independent, how did the Sinhala community seek to secure dominance over the govt.
What were its effects?
 ASSIGNMENT: GEOGRAPHY

1. One of the following is a renewable resource

A. Iron ore

B. Water

C. Manganese

D. Coal

2. The first Earth summit was held at_________ in ________________in the year _______

3. India’s territorial waters extend up to _________________ in the oceanic area.

4. India has a wide variety of relief features. Mention the importance of these features in relation to availability of
resources.

5. What are the problems faced by indiscriminate uses of resources by mankind?

6. Technology plays a very important role in the development of resources. Explain.

7. How are sources different from resources?

8. Define resources on the basis of origin.

9.Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources.

10. Attempt a classification of resources on the basis of ownership.

11. Resources can be classified on the basis of status of development. Explain the types.
 HOLIDAY HOME WORK (ART)

(Compulsory for all Students)

CLASS-10th-ART EDUCATION : CREATIVE ACTIVITY

1.FABRIC PAINTING ON(T-SHIRT)

THEME:FLORA & FAUNA

MEDIUM:ACRYLIC COLOURS.

2. “BOOK COVER DESIGN”(SIZE-9 Inches hight X 6 Inches width)

THEME: “INDIAN FOLK PAINTINGS”

MEDIUM:WATER COLOURS,POSTER COLOURS,ACRYLIC COLOURS,INK etc.

3. “A DECORATIVE CARRY BAG”

MATERIALS :OLD NEWS PAPERS,OLD CLOTHES,FEVICOL,NEEDEL & THREADS,SCISSORS,COLOURS etc.

4. “A BRUSH/PEN HOLDER”

THEME: BEST OUT OF WASTE

MEDIUM: MIX

5. “POSTER DESIGNING”

THEME: “COVID-19 PROTOCOL”

MEDIUM: MIX

SIZE: A3 PAPER

HOLIDAY HOME WORK (ART)

(Only for Painting Students)

CLASS-10th-PAINTING(049)

1.BRIEF OF HISTORY-INDIAN ART

-EARIY INDIAN ART-ROCK ART

-INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION-DANCING GIRL OF MOHENJO-DARO

-MAURYAN ART-THE LION CAPITAL OF ASHOKA

-BUDDHIST ART-FOOTPRINT OF BUDDHA

-GUPTA ART-THE CHAITYA FACADE OF CAVE 19

2.ELEMENTS OF ART:BRIEF THE FOLLOWING-
-SHAPE

-LINE

-FORM

-SPACE

-COLOUR

-TEXTURE

3.PORTFOLIO ART FILE WORK-

 Holidays Homework
Computer Applications
Class – X (2021-22)
General Instructions:
1. Write all the Q-A in computer Copy.
2. Do all the practical work on Computer and take printout of coding and output both.

Questions to be done in computer copy:

Q1. What is the difference between container and empty tags? Explain with examples.

Q2. What is the difference between <BASEFONT> and <FONT> tags?

Q3. Differentiate between Ordered and Unordered List with examples.
Q4. Differentiate between <BR> and <P> tags with examples.
Q5. How can be different tags can be combined in HTML?
Q6. Which tag is let you create ordered and unordered lists?
Q7. List and define different types of headings in HTML.
Q8. Explain the basic structure of HTML.
Q9. Differentiate between <TITLE> and <HEAD> tags with examples.
Q10. List the attributes of <FONT> tag.
Q11. What is the use of ‘size’ attribute in <BASEFONT>?
Q12. What do you understand by three basic terminologies of HTML- tags, elements and
attributes?
Q13. List and define different types of paragraph alignments.
Q14. List and define the various attributes of <body> tags.
Q15. What does <BODY> tag in HTML contain?
Q16. List the attributes of <HR> tag.
Q17. How do you give a comment in HTML and why they are used?
Q18. Write the difference between the various headings from <H1> to <H6>.
Q19. While writing HTML code, how do you find out how your web page would look like?
Q20. Which tag is used to insert the heading of fourth level on a web page?
Q21. Write the extension of HTML code.
Q22. How would you display text in the title bar of browser?
Q23. How the font size of one paragraph on a web page be changed?
Q24. How can one insert horizontal lines in a web page? Explain the tags attribute also.
Q25. What is the use of BGCOLOR attribute in HTML?
Q26 Expand the following tags:
a) <HTML>
b) <LI>
c) <HR>
d) <P>
e) <OL>
f) <UL>
g) <BR>
h) <B>
i) <I>
j) <U>
k) <TT>

Programs to be practice on Computer, output pictures are given here:

Observe the following web pages and write its Html code:
Prog 1.
Prog 2.

Prog 3.
Prog 4.

Prog 5.
Prog 6.
 Holiday Homework
Physical Education

1. Make a brief report on the history of Wrestling in India .

2. What are different types of wrestling. Explain briefly about the rules
and scoring methods used in each wrestling types
3. What are some of the illegal techniques that can not be used in
wrestling. Explain briefly.
4. Make a report on your current favourite wrestler by keeping in mind
the following points:
● Background
● Fall back moments
● Top Achievements
5. Who was the first Indian wrestler to win a medal in olympics. Write
briefly about his life and achievements.
6. Which Indian players won medals in 2021 Asian Wrestling
Championships and in which categories.