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Q1. Determine The Absorber Plate Surface Temperature Along The Center Line Between The Tubes at A

The document contains two questions related to determining temperatures and efficiency of a flat plate solar collector. Q1 asks to calculate the absorber plate temperature at distances of 0.5m and 1m from the inlet, given specifications of the collector. Using the governing heat transfer equation, the temperatures are calculated to be 36.8°C and 41.36°C respectively. Q2 asks to determine the collector efficiency factor, given specifications. Using the defined equation accounting for factors like heat loss coefficient, tube geometry and properties, the efficiency factor is calculated to be 0.818.

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harshit khandelwal
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62 views

Q1. Determine The Absorber Plate Surface Temperature Along The Center Line Between The Tubes at A

The document contains two questions related to determining temperatures and efficiency of a flat plate solar collector. Q1 asks to calculate the absorber plate temperature at distances of 0.5m and 1m from the inlet, given specifications of the collector. Using the governing heat transfer equation, the temperatures are calculated to be 36.8°C and 41.36°C respectively. Q2 asks to determine the collector efficiency factor, given specifications. Using the defined equation accounting for factors like heat loss coefficient, tube geometry and properties, the efficiency factor is calculated to be 0.818.

Uploaded by

harshit khandelwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology

Department of Mechanical Engineering

BE(Mechanical Engg.) (Final Year) Solar Energy Engineering (UME853)


Tutorial-4

Q1. Determine the absorber plate surface temperature along the center line between the tubes at a
distance 0.5 m and 1.0 m respectively from the flow inlet end of a flat plate collector. The
specifications of collector are as follows:
Length of absorber plate along flow direction (L) 2m
Thickness of absorber plate (δ) 0.5 mm
Thermal conductivity of absorber plate (copper) 385 W/m°C
Tube spacing (W) 150 mm
Tube outside diameter (D) 15 mm
Overall loss coefficient (UL) 8.0 W/m2°C
Solar radiation absorbed by the absorber plate (S) 700 W/m2
Ambient temperature (Ta) 20°C
Absorber plate temperature above the fluid tubes at a distance 0.5 m and 30°C and 35°C respectively
1.0 m from the flow inlet end (Tb)

Ans: 36.8°C and 41.36°C

Q2. Determine the collector efficiency factor for a flat plate collector having the following
specifications:
Thickness of absorber plate (δ) 0.5 mm
Thermal conductivity of absorber plate (copper) 390 W/m°C
Tube spacing (W) 150 mm
Tube outside diameter (D) 15 mm
Tube inside diameter (Di) 10 mm
Thermal conductivity of tube (SS) 14 W/m°C
Overall loss coefficient (UL) 10 W/m2°C
Heat transfer coefficient inside the tube surface (hfi) 325 W/m2°C

Brazing resistance between the tube and absorber plate may be assumed to be negligible.

Ans: 0.818
Q1: Determine the absorber plate surface temperature along the center line between the tubes at a
distance 0.5 m and 1.0 m respectively from the flow inlet end of a flat plate collector. The specifications
of collector are as follows:
Length of absorber plate along flow direction (L) 2m
Thickness of absorber plate (δ) 0.5 mm
Thermal conductivity of absorber plate (copper) 385 W/m°C
Tube spacing (W) 150 mm
Tube outside diameter (D) 15 mm
Overall loss coefficient (UL) 8.0 W/m2°C
Solar radiation absorbed by the absorber plate (S) 700 W/m2
Ambient temperature (Ta) 20°C
Absorber plate temperature above the fluid tubes at a distance 0.5 m and 30°C and 35°C respectively
1.0 m from the flow inlet end (Tb)

solution

y
Temperature distribution on the plate between the tubes is
given by: x Tb
c
T
𝑇 − 𝑇𝑎 − 𝑆/𝑈𝐿 cosh⁡(𝑚𝑥) Y
e
= ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡Eq. (1) a b d
𝑇𝑏 − 𝑇𝑎 − 𝑆/𝑈𝐿 cosh[𝑚(𝑊 − 𝐷)/2] y

In above Eq. (1), m is calculated as: X


W
x=0
T T
𝑈𝐿 8 c
𝑚=√ =√ = 6.45 T
𝑘𝛿 385 × 0.5 × 10−3

Absorber plate surface temperature along the center line Tb


(W−D)/2 D
between the tubes at any distance from the flow inlet X a b d e
−X X
end can be obtained by putting x = 0 in Eq. (1) x=0

𝑇 − 20 − 700/8 cosh⁡(6.45 × 0)
= ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡Eq. (2)
𝑇𝑏 − 20 − 700/8 cosh[6.45 × (0.15 − 0.015)/2]

It is given that at y = 0.5 m, Tb = 30°C


Thus from Eq (2),
𝑇 − 20 − 700/8 cosh⁡(6.45 × 0)
=
30 − 20 − 700/8 cosh[6.45 × (0.15 − 0.015)/2]

∴ T = 36.8 °C⁡⁡⁡⁡at⁡y = 0.5⁡m⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡(𝐀𝐧𝐬)

Similarly, temperature at y = 1.0 m can be calculated by putting Tb = 35°C in Eq. (2)


𝑇 − 20 − 700/8 cosh⁡(6.45 × 0)
=
35 − 20 − 700/8 cosh[6.45 × (0.15 − 0.015)/2]

∴ ⁡⁡T = 41.36 °C⁡⁡⁡⁡at⁡y = 1.0⁡m⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡(𝐀𝐧𝐬)


Q2. Determine the collector efficiency factor for a flat plate collector having the following
specifications:
Thickness of absorber plate (δ) 0.5 mm
Thermal conductivity of absorber plate (copper) 390 W/m°C
Tube spacing (W) 150 mm
Tube outside diameter (D) 15 mm
Tube inside diameter (Di) 10 mm
Thermal conductivity of tube (SS) 14 W/m°C
Overall loss coefficient (UL) 10 W/m2°C
Heat transfer coefficient inside the tube surface (hfi) 325 W/m2°C

Brazing resistance between the tube and absorber plate may be assumed to be negligible.

solution

Collector efficiency factor is calculated as:


1/𝑈𝐿
𝐹1 = ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡Eq. (1)
1 𝑙𝑛(𝐷/𝐷𝑖 ) 1
𝑊[ + 𝑅𝑏 + +
𝑈𝐿 [𝐷 + (𝑊 − 𝐷)𝐹] 2𝜋𝑘 ℎ𝑓𝑖 𝜋𝐷𝑖 ]

In above Eq. (1), F is fin efficiency factor which is calculated as:

tanh⁡[𝑚(𝑊 − 𝐷)/2] 𝑈𝐿 8
𝐹= ,⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡where⁡𝑚 = √ = √ = 6.45
[𝑚(𝑊 − 𝐷)/2] 𝑘𝛿 385 × 0.5 × 10−3

tanh⁡[6.45(0.15 − 0.015)/2]
∴ 𝐹= = 0.941
[6.45(0.15 − 0.015)/2]

Using Eq. (1) to calculate collector efficiency factor:


1/8
𝐹1 =
0.015
1 𝑙𝑛 ( 0.01 ) 1
0.15 [ +0+ +
8[0.015 + (0.15 − 0.015)0.941] 2 × 𝜋 × 16 300 × 𝜋 × 0.01]

𝐹1 = 0.842⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡(𝐀𝐧𝐬)

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