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Experiment 7 Electric Field Data Sheet Group 1 June 8

1. The document describes observations from an experiment on electric field lines around positive and negative charges. It finds that electric field lines point radially away from positive charges and radially toward negative charges. 2. Between a positive and negative charge, the electric field lines start on the positive charge and end on the negative charge. At the midpoint, the electric forces cancel out. 3. The number of electric field lines depends on the magnitude of the charge. Field lines are closer together where the field is stronger and farther apart where it is weaker.

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452 views

Experiment 7 Electric Field Data Sheet Group 1 June 8

1. The document describes observations from an experiment on electric field lines around positive and negative charges. It finds that electric field lines point radially away from positive charges and radially toward negative charges. 2. Between a positive and negative charge, the electric field lines start on the positive charge and end on the negative charge. At the midpoint, the electric forces cancel out. 3. The number of electric field lines depends on the magnitude of the charge. Field lines are closer together where the field is stronger and farther apart where it is weaker.

Uploaded by

Airesheale Villancio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 7

Electric Field
Data Sheet and Observations

Name: DEL MUNDO, Christine Joy Date submitted: June 8, 2021


DELA CRUZ, Cristal
ENDRACA, Ulyses
JONIECA, Jan Trixie
MALLARI, Jeleani
PAHUNANG, Ryan Ken
Professor: de Luna, Roderick

OBSERVATIONS:

A. Electric field lines on a positive charge


Electric field lines, form of vector quantities, represented by vector arrows, give an
outward direction when a positive charge is present at the field space. The electric
field of a positively charged particle points radially away from the particle or the
source as shown in the experiment. This also means that as the positive charge
moves along the field space and comes in contact with the electric field lines, the
direction of the electric field lines is opposite of the direction of the movement of the
positive charge.

B. Electric field lines on a negative charge


Electric field lines, form of vector quantities, represented by vector arrows, give an
inward direction when a negative charge is present at the field space. The electric field
of a negatively charged particle points radially toward the particle or the source as
shown in the experiment. This also means that as a negative charge moves along the

Experiment 7 – ELECTRIC FIELD Page 1


field space and comes contact with the electric field lines, the direction of the electric
field lines is parallel to the direction of the movement of the negative charge.

C. Electric field lines between a positive charge and a negative charge


The electric field lines between a positive charge and a negative start with the positive
charge and end with the negative charge. The magnitude of the charge is proportional
to the number of field lines leaving a positive charge or entering a negative charge.
The field's strength is proportional to the closeness of the field lines, or more precisely,
to the number of lines per unit area perpendicular to the lines. Furthermore, the field
lines never cross. At a position half-way between the positive and negative charges,
the magnitudes of the repulsive and attractive forces are the same. If the test charge
is placed closer to the negative charge, then the attractive force will be greater and the
repulsive force it experiences due to the more distant positive charge will be weaker.
The resulting electric field line, which is tangential to the resultant force vectors, will
be a curve.

Experiment 7 – ELECTRIC FIELD Page 2


D. Variations of the electric field lines on increasing distance between a positive
and a negative charge
An electric field line is an imaginary line or curve drawn through a region of empty
space so that the tangent of the electric field line at any point is in the direction of
the electric field vector at that point.

Electric fields can be visualized with the help of electric field lines. The arrow marks
in the electric field lines show the direction of the electric field. Electric field
lines always point towards a negative point and away from a positive charge.

• The electric field lines never intersect with each other.

• The electric field lines are perpendicular to the surface charge.

• The field is strong when the field lines are close together. The field is weak when
the field lines move apart from each other.

• The number of field lines is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge.

• Electric charges are the causes of electric fields.

Experiment 7 – ELECTRIC FIELD Page 3


QUESTIONS:

1. Define electric field intensity.

Electric field intensity – The space around an electric charge in which its
influence can be felt is known as the electric field. The electric field intensity at a
point is the force acting on a unit charge placed at that point. It is a vector
quantity, and it is denoted by ‘E’.

The electric field intensity due to a positive charge is always directed away from
the charge and the intensity due to a negative charge is always directed towards
the charge.

Due to a point charge q, the intensity of the electric field at a point d units away
from it is given by the expression:

Electric field Intensity (Equation):


1 𝑞𝑞
𝐹 ⋅ 𝑞
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟2
𝐸 = = =
𝑞 𝑞 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2

or

𝑘𝑞
𝐸=
𝑟2
The intensity of the electric field at any point due to a number of charges is equal
to the vector sum of the intensities produced by the separate charges.

Dimension of electric field:

[𝐹] 𝑚𝑎 𝑚⋅𝑣 𝑚𝑠
[𝐸] = = = = 2 = [𝐿′𝑀′𝑇 −2 𝐴−1 ]
[𝑞] 𝑞 𝑡 ⋅𝑞 𝑡 𝑞

Unit of electric field intensity:

𝑁 𝑉
𝑜𝑟
𝐶 𝑚

2. Give the characteristics of an electric line of force.

1) The electric lines of force start from a positive charge and ends on a negative charge.
2) The electric lines of force always enter or leave the charged surface normally.
3) Electric lines of force can never intersect each other.
4) The electric lines of force cannot pass through a conductor.
5) When two opposite charges are placed close to each other, the electric lines of force
present between them will become shorten in length.

Experiment 7 – ELECTRIC FIELD Page 4


3. A proton and an electron are 20 mm apart. What are the magnitude and direction of
the electric field at a point midway between them?

Explanation about direction:

The Electric Field due to the proton is directed away from it (i.e. in -i direction)
with magnitude 1.44*10^-5 N/m.

The Electric Field due to the electron is directed towards it (i.e. in -i direction)
with magnitude 1.44*10^-5 N/m.

Since, the electric field intensity due to a positive charge is always directed away
from the charge and the intensity due to a negative charge is always directed
towards the charge.

Experiment 7 – ELECTRIC FIELD Page 5


4. Three identical point charges of magnitude 6nC are placed at the three corners of a
square 40mm on a side. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the electric field due
to the three charges at the vacant corner.

𝒌𝒒𝟏 𝒌𝒒𝟏
𝑬 = (𝟒𝟎×𝟏𝟎−𝟐)𝟐 √𝟐 + 𝟐
(√𝟐 ×𝟒𝟎 ×𝟏𝟎−𝟐 )

𝟗 ×𝟏𝟎𝟗 ×𝟔 × √𝟐 𝟗 ×𝟏𝟎−𝟗 ×𝟔
(𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟎×𝟏𝟎−𝟒)
+ (𝟐×𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟎 ×𝟏𝟎−𝟐 )𝟐

𝟕.𝟔𝟑 ×𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎 𝟓.𝟒×𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎


=(𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟎×𝟏𝟎−𝟒) + (𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟎×𝟏𝟎−𝟒)

𝟏.𝟑𝟎𝟑×𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏
= (𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟎×𝟏𝟎−𝟒)

𝑬= 8143.75 V/m
=8144 V/m

Experiment 7 – ELECTRIC FIELD Page 6

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