DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE

Mangagoy, Bislig City

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Number of Module 5
Title Description Artist and Artisans
Number of Hours 4 hours
Weeks 2
Date May 17-21,2021

Topics:
1. Artist and Artisans

Objectives:
1. Outline the history of the emergence of artists and artisans.
2. Identify and define the different individuals and groups who take varied roles in the world
of art and culture.
3. Classify the practices of artists in terms of form, medium and technique.

Introduction
This lesson will introduce the artists who have dedicated their lives to the cultivation of
the artist through the works of great creativity, imagination and daring throughout history. It aim
to expand this into the wider word of the arts and culture, wherein other key players and movers
are testament to how the production, consumption and distribution of arts have changed
profoundly.
Art appreciation is the knowledge and understanding of the universal and timeless qualities that
identify all great art. The more you appreciate and understand the art of different eras, movements, styles
and techniques, the better you can develop, evaluate and improve your own artwork.

Discussion
Artist
An artist is a person who performs any of the creative arts. This captures all forms of art. For an
example, a person who paints can be referred to as an artist. In
the modern world, the term artist is also used for musicians as
well. This is why people often tend to hear the words ‘young
artist,’ through media to refer to emerging musicians. Here it is
important to highlight that the term artist is not only attributed
for those who create art as an occupation, but also for those who
are skilled in a particular activity such as drawing, designing,
composing, etc.

ELMER A.TARIPE
Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

The specialty of an artist is that he is able to create art for the sake of art itself without needing
any ulterior motives. Some artists create their works of art for the satisfaction of the society in which they
live. In this case, they have to confine to the societal demands and limitations. However, there are also
others who go beyond the social restrictions and create art for the pleasure of creating. It is believed that
through art the artist can create a change in society. This is because art appeals to all senses of people.

Artisan

An artisan is a skilled worker who makes things by hand. This includes various objects ranging
from jewelry to furniture. An artisan should not be confused with an artist because there is a clear
difference in the things that they create. An artisan is
able to produce something that has a functional value;
although it should not be limited to its use value alone.
However, it must be stressed that there are cases where
the objects created by an artisan has only decorative
value.

Most artisans have the skill of adding aesthetic

value to the objects that they create. This transcends the
object from a mere object of utility. This is why most
handmade objects are much more expensive than mass-
produced objects.

Definitions of Artist and Artisan

Artist: An artist is a person who performs any of the creative arts.
Artisan: An artisan is a skilled worker who makes things by hand.

Characteristics of Artist and Artisan

Artistic Value
Artist: The object has a clear artistic value.
Artisan: The object has an artistic value.

Functional Value
Artist: The object has no functional value.
Artisan: The object has a functional value.

Object

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Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Artist: The object has a lot of aesthetic value and is appreciated for this quality as it pleases the
individual.
Artisan: The object though utilitarian has certain aesthetic attributes to it.

FAMOUS PERSONALITIES OF ART AND THEIR WORKS

Artist Famous Work

1. LEONARDO DA VINCI The Last Supper
Born: 04-15-1452, Vinci, Italy Mona Lisa
Profile: Painter, Architect, Sculptor, Vitruvian Man
Inventor, Military Engineer and Draftsman. •
Died: 05-2-1519 ,Amboise, France
Quotes: “He who thinks little, errs much”

2. VINCENT VAN GOGH The Starry Night

Born: 03-30-1853 Zundert, Italy Sunflowers
Profile: Painter Irises
Died: 07-29-1890 Amboise, France
Quotes: “I dream of painting and then I
paint my dream.”
3. MICHAELANGELO David
Born: 4-6-1475,Italy Creation of Adam
Profile: Painter, Architect, Poet St. Peter’s Basilica
Died: 2-18-1564, Rome, Italy
Quotes: “Genius is eternal patience.”
4. CLAUDE MONET Water Lilies
Born: 11-14-1840, Paris, France Impresion,Sunrise
Profile: Painter, Philosopher Rouen Cathedral Series
Died: 12-5-1926, Giverny, France
Quotes: “The richness I achieve comes from
Nature, the source of my inspiration.”
5. FRIDA KAHLO • Born: 07-06-1907, Mexico The Two Fridas
City, Mexico • Profile: Painter • Died: 07-13- Self-Portrait with thorn Necklace and
1954, Mexico City. Mexico • Quotes:” I never Hummingbird
paint dreams or nightmares. I paint my own The Broken Column
reality.”

“When ARTIST is alive in any person, whatever his kind of work may be, he becomes an inventive,
searching, daring and self-expression creature “

ELMER A.TARIPE
Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

“The real controlling resources and the absolutely decisive factor of production not land nor
labor . It is KNOWLEDGE.

CREATIVITY
Is one of knowledge that fuels the 21st century

First artist invented a way to get the three dimensional

world in two dimensions and attached value. (Jerry Saltz
art Critic,2016)

Stone Age
A prehistoric cultural stage or level of human
development, characterized by the creation and use of stone tools . The Stone Age, whose origin coincides
with the discovery of the oldest known stone tools, which have been dated to some 3.3 million years ago,
is usually divided into three separate periods—Paleolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, and Neolithic Period
—based on the degree of sophistication in the fashioning and use of tools.
The drawings and painted images of animals, hunting scenes and a variety of symbolic figures were
created.

Lascaux cave painting, Lascaux

Cave,Dordogne,France Cueva La Covaciela ,Cabrales Asturias Spain

Bronze Age

The Bronze Age marked the first time humans started to work with metal. Bronze tools and
weapons soon replaced earlier stone versions. Ancient Sumerians in the Middle East may have been the
first people to enter the Bronze Age. Humans made many technological advances during the Bronze Age,
including the first writing systems and the invention of the wheel. In the Middle East and parts of Asia,
the Bronze Age lasted from roughly 3300 to 1200 B.C., ending abruptly with the near-simultaneous
collapse of several prominent Bronze Age civilizations.

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Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Man continued to utilize his surroundings to create varying expression of his ideas and feelings.
Through the exploration of his immediate environs, trade and other experimentations, new modes ,
media and techniques.
Brought to light a wide vary of artworks that instantiate the wealth that can be done when the
artist vision tapped, harnessed and realized.

Egyptian Tomb paintings

Icon the Virgin Orans Mosaic Saint Sophia

The impulse to create is at the core of human civilization, much like the impulse to communicate
through language.
Artist was embedded in the development of culture and turn at art was nurtured by the varying
culture in which existed.
The works produced varied from the prosaic to those that explored a wide range of aesthetic
possibilities.

STONE AGE

The Stone Age began about 2.6 million years ago, when researchers found the earliest evidence of
humans using stone tools, and lasted until about 3,300 B.C. when the Bronze Age began. It is typically
broken into three distinct periods: the Paleolithic Period, Mesolithic
Period and Neolithic Period.

Stone Age Facts

Early in the Stone Age, humans lived in small, nomadic groups. During much of this period, the Earth was
in an Ice Age—a period of colder global temperatures and glacial expansion.

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Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Stone Age Tools

Much of what we know about life in the Stone Age and Stone Age people comes from the tools they left
behind.

Hammer stones are some of the earliest and simplest stone tools. Prehistoric humans used hammer
stones to chip other stones into sharp-edged flakes. They also used hammer stones to break apart nuts,
seeds and bones and to grind clay into pigment.

Archaeologists refer to these earliest stone tools as the Oldowan toolkit. Oldowan stone tools dating back
nearly 2.6 million years were first discovered in Tanzania in the 1930s by archaeologist Louis Leakey.

Stone Age Food

People during the Stone Age first started using clay pots to cook food and store things.

The oldest pottery known was found at an archaeological site in Japan. Fragments of clay containers used
in food preparation at the site may be up to 16,500 years old.

Stone Age food varied over time and from region to region, but included the foods typical of hunter
gatherers: meats, fish, eggs, grasses, tubers, fruits, vegetables, seeds and nuts.
Stone Age Wars
While humans had the technology to create spears and other tools to use as weapons, there’s little
evidence for Stone Age wars.

Most researchers think the population density in most areas was low enough to avoid violent conflict
between groups. Stone Age wars may have started later when humans began settling and established
economic currency in the form of agricultural goods.

The Stone Age is conceived

1. The Palaeolithic (or Old Stone Age)
2. The Mesolithic (or Middle Stone Age)
3. The Neolithic (or New Stone Age)

The Artisan and Guilds

An ARTISAN is like a skilled craft worker who makes or creates material object partly or entirely
by hand.

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 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Craftsman and builders in the past did not have sophisticated terminologies and principles that architects
and engineers abide today.
What they had was a sense on how materials behaved, how the environment, light and weather
patterns affected structures and other more intuitive principles of creation

Cologne Cathedral between 1890 1900 Koln

Germany STAINED GLASS cologne cathedral between 1890
1900 Koln Germany

GUILDS
The practice of artist was not grounded on the idea of individual capacities or success rather in the
commitment to work together as collective.

TYPES OF GUILDS
1. Social fellowship
2. Association structured with rules
3. Customs
4. Rights
5. Responsibilities
Guilds were prevalent during the Middle Ages, where towns had formalized groups of artisans or
craftsmen who took on the particular specialization or trade:
1. Shoemakers
2. Textile
3. Glass workers
4. Carpenters
5. Carvers
6. Masons

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 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

7. Armorers
8. Weapon-makers

ARTISANS IN THE PHILIPPINES

ARTISANS became prevalent in the country. This was both the case for religious and secular art ,
wherein in the existence of artisans proved to be immense of use. Through mimesis or copying
that artisans first learned to depict religious images and scenes.

Detailed of ceiling of the Chruch of the Most

The Chruch of the Most Hoily Trinity in
Holy Trinity (Loay Bohol )
Loay,Bohol,Santisma Trinidad Parish

Most Famous Filipino Artists and their Masterworks

Philippine art reflects a wide range of influences, from the country’s colonial past to
contemporary culture. Here, Culture Trip profiles 10 legendary Filipino masters you should know.
1. Fernando Amorsolo (1892-1972)
Labeled the country’s first National Artist in 1972 by then President Marcos, Fernando Amorsolo
is often known as the ‘Grand Old Man of Philippine Art’. The Spanish-trained realist developed a
backlighting technique, where his colorful depictions of local people reflect the radiance of the
Philippine sun.

2. José Joya (1931-1995)

A Filipino pioneer of Abstract expressionism, multi-media painter José Joya uses bold and vibrant
colors with a variety of painting techniques, layering, loose impasto strokes and controlled drips.
His harmonious colors are influenced by Philippine landscapes and tropical wildlife.
3. Pacita Abad (1946-2004)

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 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Born on the northern island of Batanes, the internationally revered artist first obtained a degree in
Political Science at the University of the Philippines. Her staunch activism against the Marcos
regime in the 1970s, led her to move to San Francisco to initially study law – but she found her
true calling with art.
4. Napoleon Abueva (1930-2018)
Noted as the Father of Modern Filipino sculpture, Abueva attended the University of the
Philippines with Joya and was mentored by noted sculptor Guillermo Tolentino, at the College of
Fine Arts. Born in Bohol, he is also the youngest National Artist awardee appointed by then
President Marcos, at the age of 46.
5. Kidlat Tahimik (1942-present)
A close friend of BenCab and Baguio native is critically acclaimed director Kidlat Tahimik. Known
as the father of Philippine independent film, the government recently conferred upon him the
Order of National Artist for Film in October 2018. Born Eric de Guia, Kidlat Tahimik means ‘silent
lightning’ in Tagalog

THE ARTIST AND HIS STUDIO

Before the renaissance period, artworks were left unsigned. Artist claiming authorship for their
works by affixing their mark onto the surface of their painting was a big milestone in the history of
the artist. The sire that saw this shift was a very personal space for the artist himself, which is the
STUDIO.

James Abbot McNeill Whistler “ Artist Studio” ( from Sketchbook ) 1845-55.Black in off-White
Wove paper.

Today, artist studios have been a place of interest for the public. Especially an artist studio is an
extension of the artist himself. Artist flexed their relationship with their patron as a site where
negotiations and works are made.
Classified into Two

STUDIOLO BOTTEGA

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Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

A small room often lavishly decorated A studio or workshop of a major artist which other artist
,dedicated to reading, studying and in which other artist may participate in the execution of
writing the projects or commissions of the major artist.

Let1s Work on This

Answer the following questions as precisely yet as thoroughly as possible.

1. . What do you think is the role of the artist in the twenty-first century society?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.

Identify and select one of the artists. He or she may be Filipino or foreign and may identify with any art
form: architecture, sculpture, painting, music, literature, film, dance, performance /theater and living
traditions among others.

a. Research on him or her and select five aspects of his or her life ( events, ideas ),works,
awards/citations that you think have a substantial contribution not only to the local or foreign art
scene but also to human history.

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Instructor
 DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Areas of 4 3 2 1
Assessment
Ideas Presents ideas in an Presents ideas in a Ideas are too general Ideas are vague or
original manner consistent manner unclear
Organization Strong and organized Organized Some organization; No organization;
beg/mid/end beg/mid/end attempt at a lack beg/mid/end
beg/mid/end
Understanding Writing shows strong Writing shows a clear Writing shows Writing shows
understanding understanding adequate little
understanding understanding
Word Choice Sophisticated use of Nouns and verbs Needs more nouns Little or no use of
nouns and verbs make make essay and verbs nouns and verbs
the essay very informative
informative
Sentence Sentence structure Sentence structure is Sentence structure is No sense of
Structure enhances meaning; flows evident; sentences limited; sentences sentence structure
throughout the piece mostly flow need to flow or flow
Mechanics Few (if any) errors Few errors Several errors Numerous errors

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Resources

Book

SOURCES
Stone tools; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.
The cave art debate; Smithsonian Magazine.
Stone Age; Ancient History Encyclopedia.

ELMER A.TARIPE
Instructor