PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: REVIEWER 2.

Explanatory Sequential — Research

first conducts quantitative research
 Research - Coined from french word and builds on the results to explain
cerhier which means "seek" and the them in more detail.
prefix "re" means to repeat 3. Exploratory Sequential — Research
Philosophical View in Research begins with a qualitative approach
and builds findings to develop a
1. Post-positivist — researchers in this quantitative phase.
category subscribes to the idea that
everything should be quantified to Types/Design of Qualitative Research
produce meaningful concrete 1. Historical Research — Systematic
results. study past events. Examines the
2. Constructivist — Researchers document of the past to help
believe that experience expressed researcher understand and connect
through words can paint a better it in the present time.
picture of a certain phenomena 2. Ethnographic Research — Involves
3. Transformative — Researchers observing, exploring, documenting,
support the idea that research and analyzing the ways and cultural
should be conducted to increase beliefs of a group of people most
quality of life and produce better especially the indegenous or
societies minority group.
4. Pragmatic — Researchers promote
 2 perspective involve in
the use of both quantitative and
Ethnography
qualitative data in expressing
research findings. Emic — the way members of the culture
envision their own world; insider's view
Approach in Research
Etic — people outside a particular
1. Qualitative Research — An
culture are the ones who interpret the
approach for exploring and
culture's experiences; outsider's.view
understanding the meaning
individuals or groups ascribe to a  3 aspects of information
social or human problem. Ethnography
2. Quantitative Research — an Cultural behavior
approach for testing objective Cultural speech
theories by examining the Cultural artifacts
relationship among variables.
3. Mixed Approach — inquiry involving
collecting both quantitative and 3. Phenomenological Research —
qualitative data and integrating the Systematic study of the lived experiences of
two forms of data. individuals. its main objective is to
Types of Mixed Approach understand life experiences and what
makes it meaningful.
1. Convergent Parallel — Researcher
merges quantitative and qualitative 4. Case Study — in-depth analysis of a
data typically collects both form of single entity or a small group. It is often
data simultaneously. used in the discipline of sociology, nursing
and psychology.
5. Narrative Analysis — Focuses on a A RESEARCH TOPIC or problem is an
specific story as the subject matter of intellectual stimulus calling for an answer in
inquiry. The premise of a narrative study is the form of scientific inquiry.
on how individuals make sense of their
RESEARCH — A systematic process of
world by being able to communicate through
collecting, analyzing, and interpreting
constructing, reconstructing, and narrating
information (data) in order to increase our
stories.
understanding of a phenomenon about
6. Grounded theory — Systematic collection which we are interested or concerned.
of data through observation and interview to
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
generate a comprehensive explanation of a
phenomenon grounded in a reality. Seeks to 1. ACCURACY — must give correct or
understand the actions by discovering first accurate data.
the main problem and then the person's
behavior on resolving a problem. 2. OBJECTIVENESS — must deal with hard
facts.
Research Process:
3. TIMELINESS — must work on a topic
1. Conceptualization Phase — this is where that is fresh.
the topic is identified.
4. RELEVANCE — Its topic must be
2. Design Phase — Known as the planning instrumental in improving society or in
phase where researchers decide on the solving problems affecting the lives of
detailed procedures in gathering and people.
analyzing data.
5. CLARITY — must succeed in expressing
3. Empirical Phase — Actual data gathering its central point.
and collection.
6. SYSTEMATIC — it must take place in an
4. Analytical Phase — Phase where in data organized or orderly manner.
are being interpreted and schematized to
identify themes that have emerged in the IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH
study. 1. Gathers knowledge or information on
5. Dissemination phase — Most valuable subjects or phenomena we lack or have
but often neglected by the researchers. little knowledge about.
Research result in the form of a well-written 2. Corrects perceptions as well as expand
full research manuscript are advised to be them.
shared to the general public.
3. Develops and evaluates concepts,
Research topic - Are of the study, common practices, and theories.
ground.
4. Develops and evaluates methods that
Intellectualized topic - specific of the study, test concepts, practices and theories.
distinctiveness of your research
5. Obtain practical knowledge for purposes
Reconnaissance - process of reviewing like solving problems on population
literature. explosion, drug addiction, juvenile
Research topics must follow the 3T's timely, delinquency and the like.
trending and trailblazing.
6. Provides hard facts which serves as b. CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH —
bases for planning, decision-making, shows relationship or connectedness of two
project-implementation and evaluation. factors, circumstances or agents called
variables that affect the research. Only
concerned in indicating the existence of a
PURPOSE OF RESEARCH relationship, not the cause and ways.

1. To learn how to work independently c. EXPLANATORY RESEARCH —

elaborates or explain. Not just the reasons
2. To learn how to work scientifically or behind the relationship of two factors but
systematically also the way.
3. To have an in-depth knowledge of d. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH — purpose
something is to find out reasonable or possible way to
4. To elevate your mental abilities by letting conduct a research study on a certain topic.
you think in higher order thinking strategies e. ACTION RESEARCH — studies an
(HOTS) of inferring, evaluating, ongoing practice in a school, organizations,
synthesizing, appreciating, applying, and community or institution for the purpose of
creating. obtaining results that will bring
5. To improve your reading and writing skills improvements in the system.

6. To be familiar with the basic tools of 3. Based on types of Data needed

research and the various techniques of a. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH — requires
gathering data and of presenting research non-numerical data. Uses words rather than
findings. numbers.
7. To free yourself to a certain extent, from b. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH — involves
the domination or strong influence of a measurements of data. Presents research
single textbook or of the professor's lone findings referring to the numbers of
viewpoint or spoon feeding. frequency of something in numerical form.
TYPES OF RESEARCH • PRIMARY DATA — obtained through
1. Based on Application of Research direct observation or contact.
Method • SECONDARY DATA — have already
a. PURE RESEARCH — deals with been written or reported.
concepts, principles, or abstract things.
Increases your knowledge about something.
b. APPLIED RESEARCH — applying your
chosen research to societal problems or
issues. Finding ways to make positive
changes in the society.
2. Based on the Purpose of the Research
a. DESCRIPTIVE — aims at defining or
giving a verbal portrayal or a picture of a
person, thing, event, group, situation, etc.