College Communication

Research.

GROUP – 6

POVERTY

Sankalp Sharma (A00110523)

Navjot Singh Aulakh (A00124730)

Jaspreet Singh (A00132837)

Gauravpreet Singh (A00110089)

Poverty is that, the state of not having enough material possessions or income for a person's

basic needs. Poverty may include social, economic, and political elements. Absolute poverty

is that the entire lack of the means necessary to satisfy basic personal needs, like food,

clothing, and shelter. The ground at which absolute poverty is defined is typically about the

same, independent of the person's permanent location or era. On the other hand, relative

poverty occurs when a private cannot meet a minimum level of living standards, compared to

others within an equivalent time and place. Therefore, the bottom at which relative poverty is

defined varies from one country to a special, or from one society to a special. As of 2019,

most of the people in the world sleep in poverty.

Many governments and non-governmental organizations plan to reduce poverty by providing

basic must folks that are unable to earn a sufficient income. These efforts are often hampered

by constraints on the government's ability to deliver services.

Percetage%
2% 0%
5%
6%

9% 37%

11%

28%

Madagascar Afganistan India United States

1. Absolute poverty.

2. Relative Poverty.

3. Situational Poverty.

4. Generational Poverty.

5. Rural Poverty.

6. Urban Poverty.

1. Absolute poverty - Also referred to as extreme poverty or abject poverty, it involves

the scarcity of basic food, clean water, health, shelter, education, and knowledge.

Those who belong to absolute poverty tend to struggle to measure and knowledge

tons of kid deaths from preventable diseases like malaria, cholera, and water-

contamination-related diseases. Absolute Poverty is usually uncommon in developed

countries.

It was first presented in 1990, the “dollar a day” poverty level measured absolute

poverty by the standards of the world's poorest countries. In October 2015, the planet

Bank reset it to $1.90 a day. This number is disputed; thus, each country has its verge

for absolute poverty level.

2. Relative poverty - It is defined from the social perspective that's the living standard

compared to the economic standards of the population living in surroundings. Hence,

it's a measure of income inequality. for instance, a family is often considered poor if it

cannot afford vacations, or cannot buy presents for kids at Christmas, or cannot send

its young to the university. Usually, relative poverty is measured because of the share
 of the population with income but some fixed proportion of median income. Usually,

relative poverty is measured because of the share of the population with income but

some fixed proportion of median income. it's a widely used measure to figure out

poverty rates in wealthy developed nations.

3. Situation poverty - It is a short-lived sort of poverty supported by the occurrence of an

adverse event like an environmental disaster, job loss, and severe health problems.

People can help themselves even with small assistance, as poverty comes due to

unfortunate events.

4. Generational poverty - It is handed over to individuals and families from one

generation to one. This is more complicated as there's no escape because the people

are trapped in its cause and unable to access the tools required to urge out of it.

5. Rural poverty - It occurs in rural areas with a population below 50,000. It is a world

where there are fewer job opportunities, less access to services, less support for

disabilities, and quality education opportunities. People are tending to measure totally

on the farming and other menial work available to the environment.

The rural poverty rate is growing and has exceeded the urban rate per annum since

data collection began within the 1960s. The difference between the 2 poverty rates has

averaged about 5 percent for the last 30 years, with urban rates near 10–15 percent

and rural rates near 15–20 percent (Jolliffe, 2004).

6. Urban poverty - It occurs in metropolitan areas with a population of over 50,000. The

challenges faced by the Urban Poor are:

• limited access to health and education.

• Inadequate housing and services.

• Violent and unhealthy environment due to overcrowding.

• Little or no social protection mechanism.

1. Inadequate access to clean water and nutritious food : -

Currently, quite 2 billion people don’t have access to wash water reception, while over

800 million suffer from hunger. You might think that poverty causes hunger and prevents

people from accessing clean water (and you'd be right!), but hunger and water insecurity

also are big reasons why people struggle to escape extreme poverty.

If an individual doesn’t get enough food, they simply don’t have the strength and energy

needed to figure, while lack of access to food and clean water also can cause preventable

illnesses like diarrhea. And when people must travel far distances to clinics or spend

what little money remains on medicine, it drains already vulnerable populations of cash

and assets and may knock a family from poverty into extreme poverty.

2.  Little or no access to livelihoods or jobs : -

This might sound a touch sort of a “no brainer.” Without employment or how to form

money, people will face poverty. But it’s easy to assume that if someone wants

employment, they might have one. That just isn’t true, particularly in developing and

rural parts of the planet. Dwindling access to productive land (often thanks to conflict,

overpopulation, or climate change), and overexploitation of resources like fish or

minerals is putting increasing pressure on many traditional livelihoods. Now, quite half

the country lives in extreme poverty. While inconsistent work and low-paying jobs can

land a family in poverty, absolutely no work means a family can’t get by without

assistance.

3. Conflict: -

Conflict can cause poverty in several ways. Large-scale, long-drawn-out violence that we

see in places like Syria can grind society to a pause, extinguish substructure, and cause

people to escape, forcing families to sell or leave behind all their possessions. In Syria,
 around 70% of the whole population now lives below the poverty level — this during a

country where extreme poverty was once very rare. Women often bear the brunt of

conflict: during times of violence, female-headed households become quite common. and

since women often have difficulty getting well-paying work and are typically excluded

from community decision-making, their families are particularly vulnerable.

4. Inequality: -

There are many various sorts of inequality within the world, from economic to social

inequalities like gender, caste systems, or tribal affiliations. But regardless of the

inequality, it generally means an equivalent thing: unequal or no access to the resources

needed to stay or lift a family out of poverty.

5. Poor education: -

Not everyone without an education lives in extreme poverty. But most of the enormously

poor don’t have an education. There are tons of barriers stopping children from getting to

school. Many families can’t have the funds to send their children to high school and wish

them to figure. More still don’t see an advantage in educating girls. Education is usually

stated because the great equalizer, and that’s because education can open the door to

professions and other resources and skills that a family must not just survive, but

flourish.
Effects of Poverty

1. Malnutrition Possibilities.

There is a lack of good parenting as a result of poverty. The parents are unable to provide

their children with nutritious food. As a result, we might see children with malnutrition and

associated illnesses in poor nations. Poverty's effects on children. Because the youngster

develops so quickly, he requires proper nourishment. Children do not grow up with a healthy

body and mind due to a lack of adequate nourishment.

2. Diseases that can kill you.

Vaccination throughout childhood helps avoid several illnesses. These vaccinations are

extremely costly, and low-income people may not be able to purchase them. As a result, poor

individuals are more likely to contract illnesses. Even if they are ill, they do not seek medical

attention since they cannot pay the costs.

3. Lack of knowledge and illiteracy.

urge their children to work part-time or for low pay to supplement their income. As a result,

young children may be denied access to a good education. Child labour is one of the

consequences of poverty. Because of the problem of illiteracy and poverty, governments are

taking efforts to prohibit child work.

4. Orphanage

Because of their poverty, many parents decide to divorce their children. As a result, the

children may become orphans since neither parent wants to care for them. Children in

orphanages are unable to learn about family love, care, and other elements of life.

Furthermore, because they cannot afford a kid, parents would prefer a single child or no child

at all.

5. A pessimistic mindset, for example.

Wealth is a form of strength that may be used to enhance morale. When you don't have any

money, you'll find that you're more nervous and less steady. When you have money, though,

your morale improves and you become more confident. As a result, we may conclude that

poor children are gloomier and have a negative outlook on life.

1. Develop and execute policies and initiatives in areas such as health, education, nutrition,

and sanitation that will allow the poor to participate in and contribute to economic progress.

According to studies, a ten percent rise in a country's average income decreases poverty by

20-30%.

2. Water and other natural resources should be better managed. The majority of the rural poor

rely on agriculture or other natural resources to survive. As a result, more fair access to such

resources is required for them to properly manage their resources.

3. Encourage countries to use trade as a means of escaping poverty. Growth and prosperity

are dependent on trade. Indonesia, Botswana, and Brazil, among the world's poorest

countries, have traded their way out of poverty.

4. Empower individuals who are poor by engaging them in the formulation and execution of

poverty-reduction and-eradication strategies and initiatives. Their participation ensures that

programmes represent what is important to them.

accessible. Only 40% of the rural poor in Bangladesh have access to grid power. Those who

do have access to electricity are subjected to frequent power disruptions. The Second Rural

Electrification and Renewable Energy Development Project aims to provide access to

renewable energy in rural regions.

Conclusion: -

Overall, we’ve learned that poverty is defined as a lack of financial resources to meet basic

human needs such as clean water, nutrition, healthcare, clothing, food, and a place to live.

Poverty is a deadly issue that is slowly killing our population, and we, as those who are

affected, must take action to combat it.

References: -

Ben. (2021, April 30). What is conclusion of poverty. Mvorganizing.org.

https://www.mvorganizing.org/what-is-conclusion-of-poverty/#:~:text=What%20is

%20conclusion%20of%20poverty%3F%20We%20have%20learned,affected%20ones

%20need%20to%20take%20actions%20against%20it.

Kumar, G. (2018, April 11). What is Poverty and its types? Jagranjosh.com.

https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/what-is-poverty-and-its-types-

1523453034-1.
Project, B. (2020, May 3). 10 Ways to Reduce Poverty in the World. The Borgen Project.

https://borgenproject.org/10-ways-to-reduce-poverty-in-the-world/#:~:text=Effective

%2010%20Ways%20to%20Reduce%20Poverty%20in%20the,to%20support%20those

%20who%20cannot%20support%20themselves.%20.

Ranga Nr. (2020, December 19). 12 Effects of Poverty on Children & Society in Everyday

Life. Mind Controversy. https://www.mindcontroversy.com/effects-of-

poverty/#:~:text=%20Effects%20of%20poverty%20in%20society%20%201,the

%20government.%20In%20countries%20with%20poverty%2C...%20More%20.

The top 9 causes of global poverty - World. ReliefWeb. (n.d.).

https://reliefweb.int/report/world/top-9-causes-global-poverty.

Wikimedia Foundation. (2021, June 16). Poverty. Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty.