Scribd
Upload
233 views

FM-Experiment 3 - Rectangular Notch

1. The document describes an experiment to determine the discharge passing through a rectangular notch by measuring the head of water and time taken to fill a collecting tank. 2. Observations of head and time taken to fill the tank are recorded in a table. Calculations are done to find theoretical discharge, actual discharge, and coefficient of discharge for different heads. 3. A graph is plotted between actual discharge and head raised to the power of 3/2. The slope of the graph provides another value for the coefficient of discharge which is close to the value obtained from experiments.

Uploaded by

reddy vardhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
233 views

FM-Experiment 3 - Rectangular Notch

1. The document describes an experiment to determine the discharge passing through a rectangular notch by measuring the head of water and time taken to fill a collecting tank. 2. Observations of head and time taken to fill the tank are recorded in a table. Calculations are done to find theoretical discharge, actual discharge, and coefficient of discharge for different heads. 3. A graph is plotted between actual discharge and head raised to the power of 3/2. The slope of the graph provides another value for the coefficient of discharge which is close to the value obtained from experiments.

Uploaded by

reddy vardhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Experiment No: 3 Roll No:

Date:

3. DETERMINE THE DISCHARGE PASSING THROUGH A PALAR RIVER


(using TRIANGULAR / RECTANGULAR NOTCH)

AIM
To study the flow over a triangular notch and to calibrate it for the discharge
measurement for a free surface flow.
BASIC CONCEPT
A weir is an obstruction placed across a free surface flow such that the flow
takes place over it. The weir with a sharp edge is commonly referred to as a notch.
Generally, notches are opening cut in metallic plates and installed in flumes to
measure the discharge. The free surface flow taking place over it acquires steady
state condition such that the discharge is uniquely related to the head over the crest
of the notch and its geometry. In actual practice, the discharge over a notch is
considerably less than the theoretical discharge. This is due to real – flow effects like
viscosity, end-contraction, nappe suppression, ventilation of notches, etc. The actual
discharge is obtained by multiplying the theoretical discharge by a factor called
Coefficient of Discharge, Cd
The following formula is employed.
2 3
2 g Lh 2
Theoretical discharge (Qth) = 3 (Rectangular Notch)
L = length of the crest
h=head over the sill of the notch
g= acceleration due to gravity
Actual Discharge (Qa) = AH/t
A= Internal plan area of the collecting tank
H= Time required for a rise of “H” cm in the collecting tank
t= time required for rise of ‘H’ cm in the collecting tank.
Coefficient of discharge for a triangular notch (C d ) = Qa/Qth

1
APPARATUS
1. Flume with a Rectangular notch
2. Hook gauge
3. Collecting tank.
4. Stop watch
5. Scale.

PROCEDURE
1. The internal plan dimensions of the collecting and the length of the rectangular
notch are measured.
2. The supply valve is opened and the water is allowed to rise up to sill of the notch
and then the supply valve is closed.
3. The tip of the pointer of the hook gauge is adjusted such that the tip coincides
with free water surfaces.
4. The still level of the notch (ho ) is noted in the hook gauge.
5. The supply valve is opened and the water is allowed to flow through. The tip of
the pointer is adjusted to coincide with the water surface.
6. The reading of the hook gauge (h1) is noted down.
7. The outlet valve of the collecting tank is closed and the time taken for a rise of “H”
in the collecting tank is noted down.
8. The above procedure is repeated for different heads of flow.

2
OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS

Table 1. Results of flow through Rectangular notch

S.NO Hook Hook gauge Head over Time for Discharge (Q) Coefficient
gauge reading (mm) the notch H = 10 cm m3/s of discharge
reading at free (h=h1-ho ) rise, ( Cd )
(mm) Surface, m T sec
at sill level h1 (m)
during zero Qth Qact
discharge
in channel,
ho (m)
1 0.049 0.063 0.014 26.31 7.33 x 10^-4 6.08 x 10^-4 0.8294

2 0.049 0.068 0.019 19.55 1.160 x10^-3 8.18 x 10^-4 0.7051

3 0.049 0.07 0.021 18.79 1.347x10^-3 8.51 x 10^-4 0.6317

4 0.049 0.073 0.024 15.77 1.646x10^-3 1.01 x 10^-3 0.6136

5 0.049 0.075 0.026 13.49 1.856x10^-3 1.18 x 10^-3 0.6357

Dimensions of collecting tank = 400 mm X 400 mm

Length to the rectangular notch = 150 mm

GRAPHS
The following graph is drawn with Qact on Y-axis and (h)3/2 on X-axis

The slope obtained from the above graph = 0.2863

3
RESULT
The coefficient of discharge of the Rectangular notch, (C d ) = 0.6831
(from experiment)
The coefficient of discharge of the Rectangular notch, (C d ) = 0.6463
(from Qact vs (h)3/2graph)

INFERENCE
The coefficient of discharge found through experiment is approximately equal to
value found through graph.

You might also like