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Electric Circuit Analysis

1) The document discusses analysis of resistive circuits using Kirchhoff's laws. It begins with an overview of analyzing single loop circuits using voltage division. 2) Key concepts introduced include analyzing circuits with multiple voltage sources by combining sources algebraically and circuits with multiple resistors by applying voltage division to multiple resistor combinations. 3) The concept of developing equivalent circuits is introduced to simplify analysis by combining series resistors into an equivalent single resistor.

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Muhammad Hasnain
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43 views11 pages

Electric Circuit Analysis

1) The document discusses analysis of resistive circuits using Kirchhoff's laws. It begins with an overview of analyzing single loop circuits using voltage division. 2) Key concepts introduced include analyzing circuits with multiple voltage sources by combining sources algebraically and circuits with multiple resistors by applying voltage division to multiple resistor combinations. 3) The concept of developing equivalent circuits is introduced to simplify analysis by combining series resistors into an equivalent single resistor.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Hasnain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE-102

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Mechatronics Engineering

(03)

1
RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

•SINGLE LOOP CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

2
SINGLE LOOP CIRCUITS VOLTAGE DIVISION: THE SIMPLEST CASE

BACKGROUND: USING KVL AND KCL WE CAN


WRITE ENOUGH EQUATIONS TO ANALYZE ANY
LINEAR CIRCUIT. WE NOW START THE STUDY
OF SYSTEMATIC, AND EFFICIENT, WAYS OF
USING THE FUNDAMENTAL CIRCUIT LAWS KVL ON
b c THIS
WRITE 5 KCL EQS
a 2 3 LOOP
OR DETERMINE THE
ONLY CURRENT
6 branches
1 FLOWING
6 nodes 4
1 loop

f 6 e 5 d
ALL ELEMENTS IN SERIES
ONLY ONE CURRENT

THE PLAN
• BEGIN WITH THE SIMPLEST ONE LOOP CIRCUIT
• EXTEND RESULTS TO MULTIPLE SOURCE
• AND MULTIPLE RESISTORS CIRCUITS

IMPORTANT VOLTAGE
DIVIDER EQUATIONS 3
SUMMARY OF BASIC VOLTAGE DIVIDER

R1
v R1  v (t )
R1  R2

EXAMPLE : VS  9V , R1  90 k, R2  30 k

VOLUME
CONTROL?

R1  15k 

4
THE CONCEPT OF EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELECTRIC
CONNECTION AND PHYSICAL LAYOUT
THIS CONCEPT WILL OFTEN BE USED TO SIMPLFY
THE ANALYSIS OF CIRCUITS. WE INTRODUCE IT SOMETIMES, FOR PRACTICAL CONSTRUCTION
HERE WITH A VERY SIMPLE VOLTAGE DIVIDER REASONS, COMPONENTS THAT ARE ELECTRICALLY
CONNECTED MAY BE PHYSICALLY QUITE APART

i R1 i
vS +
-
vS +
-
R1  R2
R2
vS
i
R1  R2

AS FAR AS THE CURRENT IS CONCERNED BOTH


CIRCUITS ARE EQUIVALENT. THE ONE ON THE
RIGHT HAS ONLY ONE RESISTOR
SERIES COMBINATION OF RESISTORS

R1 R2 R1  R2

IN ALL CASES THE RESISTORS ARE


CONNECTED IN SERIES
5
CONNECTOR SIDE

ILLUSTRATING THE DIFFERENCE


BETWEEN PHYSICAL LAYOUT AND
ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

PHYSICAL NODE

PHYSICAL NODE

SECTION OF 14.4 KB VOICE/DATA MODEM

CORRESPONDING POINTS

COMPONENT SIDE 6
FIRST GENERALIZATION: MULTIPLE SOURCES
 v2 
 v R1  Voltage sources in series can be
+ - algebraically added to form an
  equivalent source.
R1 -
v1 +
-
+ v3
 
We select the reference direction to
i(t)  move along the path.

R2 v Voltage drops are subtracted from rises
-

v5 + R2



+ -

KVL  v4 
vR1  v2  v3  vR 2  v4  v5  v1  0 R1
Collect all sources on one side
v1  v2  v3  v4  v5   vR1  vR 2
veq +
R2
v   v
-

eq R1  vR 2

7
SECOND GENERALIZATION: MULTIPLE RESISTORS
FIND I ,Vbd , P (30k )

APPLY KVL
TO THIS LOOP APPLY KVL
TO THIS LOOP

LOOP FOR Vbd

Vbd  12  20 [k ] I  0 (KVL)  Vbd  10V

POWER ON 30k  RESISTOR


P  I 2 R  (104 A) 2 (30 *103 )  0.3mW

v R  Ri i 
i

VOLTAGE DIVISION FOR MULTIPLE RESISTORS 8


THE “INVERSE” VOLTAGE DIVIDER
R1

VS +
- R2 VO

VOLTAGE DIVIDER "INVERSE" DIVIDER
R2 R1  R2
VO  VS VS  VO
R1  R2 R2

COMPUTE VS

" INVERSE" DIVIDER


220  20
VS  458.3  500kV
220
9
Find I and Vbd

APPLY KVL
TO THIS LOOP

 6  80kI  12  40kI  0  I  0.05mA

Vbd  40kI  12V  0  Vbd  10V

10
If Vad = 3V, find VS


3V

INVERSE DIVIDER PROBLEM

25  15  20
VS  3  9V
20

11

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